Fairfield BOX-RU Geophysical Data Telemetry System User Manual RU07 Appendix 5

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THE BOX - Remote Unit
Radio System: Operating Manual
Appendix 5
Remote Unit Radio System
Appendix 5 Page 0 of 27
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THE BOX - Remote Unit
Radio System: Operating Manual
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Appendix 5
Contents
1.0
Overall Description of RU
2.0
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.3.1
2.3.1.1
2.3.1.2
2.3.2
RF Module
Overall Description
Dallas Temperature Sensor
Cartesian Loop Linearizer
Operation
Instability Detection
DC Null
Transmit/Receive Switching
2.4
Receiver
2.5
2.5.1
2.5.2
2.5.3
2.5.4
2.5.5
2.6
2.6.1
Power Amplifier (Transmitter)
Overall Description
Sub-Modules
Power amplifier
Transmitter Mask
Electrical Specifications
Synthesizer
Performance Parameters
3.0
3.1
3.2
3.3
3.4
3.5
3.6
3.7
Baseband Module
Overall Description
Processor
Codec
Memory
Clock Generation
Parallel Host Interface
Temperature Sensing
4.0
RU Power Supply
5.0
5.1
5.1.1
5.2
5.3
5.4
RU Signals and Connections
RF Module
Power Amplifier
Synthesizer
Receiver
Baseband Module
Appendix 5 Page 1 of 27
THE BOX - Remote Unit
Radio System: Operating Manual
1.0
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Overall Description of RU
Each remote unit (RU) is mounted on and powered by a Battery power unit.
All RUs are identical, each containing a stack of five interconnected circuit boards, held together by
spacers and secured by shock mountings. As shown in figure 1, the board order (top to bottom) is:
Radio System RF Module
Radio System Baseband Module
Main CPU Module
ADC Module #1
ADC Module #
RF Board
Baseband Board
CPU Board
ADC Board #1
ADC Board #2
Antenna Connector
Remote Unit - Assembly
Figure 1
The radio sub-system, which includes the RF and Baseband boards, is able to
•
•
Transmit data to the CRS using 16QAM transmission at 60 kb/s (up-link) and
Receive commands from the CRS, which have been transmitted using 10 kb/s QPSK transmission
(down-link).
Appendix 5 Page 2 of 27
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The whole radio sub-system is depicted in block form in figure 2.
Coupler
Transmit/Receive
Switch
Tx
Rx
IQ Demodulator
IQ Modulator
Synthesiser
Baseband Interface
Sigma-Delta
DAC / ADC
Data I/O
Digital Signal
Processor
Memory
Radio Sub-System Block Diagram
Figure 2
Appendix 5 Page 3 of 27
THE BOX - Remote Unit
Radio System: Operating Manual
2.0
RF Module
2.1
Overall Description
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The RF Module of the RU contains
•
•
the receiver for commands downlinked from the CRS and
the transmitter for uplinking data from the RU to the CRS.
With reference to figure 3 it can be seen that the RF modle can be split into six discrete sub-modules,
these being:
Cartesian Loop Linearizer
Transmitter/Power Amplifier
Transmit/Receive Switch
Synthesizer
Receiver
Dallas temperature sensor
The RU Receiver is described in 2.4 and the RU Transmitter/Power Amplifier in 2.5.
Antenna
Baseband Board Control
DALLAS
SENSOR
Coupler
PA
TX/RX
Switch
Cartesian
Loop
Linearizer
I & Q Inputs
Receiver
Synthesizer
20.48 MHz LO
I & Q Outputs
Remote Unit RF Module Overall Block Diagram
Figure 3:
Appendix 5 Page 4 of 27
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2.2
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Dallas Temperature Sensor
The temperature-sensing device (manufactured by Dallas Corporation) is programmed by the
Baseband board and incorporates two important features.
First it provides a temperature measurement system with a one-second acquisition time, the
data being read as an integer byte via a two wire serial (i2c) line.
Second it incorporates 256 bytes of non-volatile memory for storing details unique to the
individual amplifier – such as phase control voltages, phase and image-balance information,
and model details including serial number and revision details.
2.3
Cartesian Loop Linearizer
Figure 4 shows a block diagram of the linearizer.
Sample and Hold
UpConverter
Switchable
Attenuator
dB
Low-Pass Filters
RF Modulation
to PA
φ
Phase
Shifter
τ
Delay Line
Local Oscillator
Switchable
Attenuator
dB
Feedback Gain
RF Feedback
from Coupler
DownConverter
Linearizer – Block Diagram
Figure 4
2.3.1
Operation
A fraction of the transmitted power is fed back from the output via the coupler. Further attenuation is
required to reduce the signal to a level suitable for input to the down-converter, where the signal is
split and down-converted, with two carriers of 90º phase difference yielding the I and Q baseband
signals.
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Radio System: Operating Manual
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Feedback gain is provided by low-noise operational amplifiers.
The signal is then subtracted from the modulation input and the forward-path error signal is low-pass
filtered and pre-amplified at baseband.
2.3.1.1 Instability Detection
During operation, the loop may become unstable. Therefore, to monitor loop stability, a circuit is
provided which detects energy in the output spectrum at around 200 kHz above the carrier.
If the loop starts to become unstable, high frequency components appear in the output
spectrum and correspondingly at baseband level.
A high-pass filter is used to isolate these higher frequencies, which are then fed through an amplitude
detector. When the detected amplitude reaches a preset dc detected level, an instability error is
flagged.
2.3.1.2
DC Null
As a result of carrier up/down-converter feed-through during Power Amplifier operation, a steadilyrising carrier component can be seen on the output spectrum. This may also be seen at baseband as
a dc component superimposed on the I and Q signals. As this is essentially an unwanted tone in the
output spectrum it must be removed.
Removal is achieved by sampling the magnitude of this dc component at the start of transmission,
and removing it from the following thirty seconds of transmission.
2.4
Transmit/Receive Switching
Received
Signal
RF_IN
Transmit-Receive
Switch
ANAREN
20dB COUPLER
Harmonic
Filter
50Ω
Load
RF_FB
TX/RX
Coupler and Transmit/Receive Switching
Figure 5
PIN diodes are used to direct signals from the antenna during Receive and to the antenna during
Transmit.
Appendix 5 Page 6 of 27
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Radio System: Operating Manual
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These diodes can be biased either positive or negative by Transistor switch Q4.
The RF path is determined by the PIN diodes’ bias which, in conjunction with matching circuitry,
appears to BOX RF signals as quarter wavelength sections. These sections have the ability to
behave as open circuits or 50Ω line depending on the polarity of the bias voltage.
Appendix 5 Page 7 of 27
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Antenna
Received and
Transmitted Signals
When Tx/Rx is HIGH, Radio Section is in
.TRANSMIT Mode.
L1
L2
When Tx/Rx is LOW, Radio Section is in
.RECEIVE Mode.
C27
C29
L22
Reception Path
C79
L12
C48
C52
C37
C80
Rx RF
D15
Transmission
Path
6.5 V
Passes Tx Signal to Antenna
when V-Tx is high
Q4
Tx /Rx
D4
From Tx
Power
Amplifier
Transmission
Path
L7
C62
C53/63
V-Tx
R74
C151/152
Transmit/Receive Switch & RF Paths to and from Antenna
Figure 6
The RF LO is fed into a Wilkinson power divider, giving an approximate 3 dB split.
One half is used directly by the Cartesian loop at –10dBm.
The other is fed through a small gain stage to provide a +10dBm signal for the receiver.
2.4.
Receiver
The RU receiver, which is part of the RF board, provides the RF receiver path for the Command
downlink. Demodulation is achieved through ac-coupled direct conversion, which is suitable for
QPSK.
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Radio System: Operating Manual
High
Low
Baseband I
Down
Converter
Gain
Switch
RF_IN
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to Baseband
Board
Low-Noise
Gain Stages
dB
Active
Filter
LO Driver
+10dBm LO
Final Gain
Stages
Baseband Q
to Baseband
Board
214-234MHz
LO to PA
+4
20.48MHz
REF
856-936MHz
Serial Programming
BUS
Receiver Block Diagram
Figure 7
The receiver is capable of operation in two modes: high-gain and low-gain.
•
•
The high-gain setting is employed for maximum sensitivity and introduces an additional 20 dB gain
stage in the receive path.
The low-gain setting is used for maximum signal handling, introducing a 4 dB pad in the receive
path, preventing saturation when large signals are encountered.
The RF signal received at the antenna is band-pass filtered and passed through the high/low gain
switch.
It is then fed into a Mini-Circuits down-converter (JSIQ-234D1) and mixed with the +10 dBm LO,
resulting in the production of I and Q baseband signals. These I and Q signals are fed into a low
noise op-amp stage, consisting of a CLC428 with a voltage gain of about 10.
The baseband signals are then fed into an active filter chain, with a roll-off from 80 to 140 kHz. The
final stage involves amplitude-balancing, followed once again by a low-noise gain stage. The
baseband I and Q signals are then fed to the baseband Remote Unit board.
Appendix 5 Page 9 of 27
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2.5
Power Amplifier (Transmitter)
2.5.1
Overall Description
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The RU transmitter, which is shown in block form in figure 8, is part of the RF module.
It provides the data uplink channel for both command and sample data.
The transmitter consists of a Cartesian linearized power amplifier suitable for both 16QAM data
modulation and (if required) linear voice modulation. The RU Transmitter’s chief specifications are
summarised as follows:
Output Power:
RF power control:
Supply voltage:
Channel bandwidth:
Data format:
2.5.2
+27 dBm
58 dB
12 V nominal, 10.5 V min, 14.8 V max.
20 kHz
Pilot aided 16QAM
Sub-Modules
The RU transmitter contains two sub-modules, the Power Amplifier and the Cartesian Linearizer.
Loop
Filter
Quadrature
Modulator
Power Amplifier
Switched
Attenuator
PA
Driver
PA
Directional
Coupler
Tx/Rx
Switch
Harmonic
Filter
Antenna
PA Switch
To Receiver
LO Up
(214-234 MHz)
Phase Shifter
(360°)
LO Down
(214-234 MHz)
Tx Enable
Transmitter Control
Baseband LNA
Power
Control
Quadrature
Demodulator
Switched
Attenuator
Remote Unit – Radio Transmitter
Figure 8
Appendix 5 Page 10 of 27
Power Control
THE BOX - Remote Unit
Radio System: Operating Manual
2.5.3
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Power Amplifier
The power amplifier sub-module provides most of the RF gain and final output drive for the RU
transmitter. Also included is transmit/receive switching and an output coupler for the Cartesian
linearizer.
This output coupler provides the forward-path gain and the final output drive. Figure 9 shows the
three-stage device line-up employed. High or low gain modes can be selected depending on the
range of output level required.
BFP193
12V @ 30mA
20dB Gain
MRF557
12V @ 100mA
15dB Gain
D1211UK
12V @ 400mA
22dB Gain
Device line-up (high gain setting)
Figure 9
Feedback is employed on the first two stages to reduce the gain from the maximum available. When
the device is switched OFF in the low-gain mode, the feedback on the second stage also provides an
RF forward-path
There is a signal gain of 56 dB in high-gain mode and approximately 23 dB in low-gain mode.
The Semelab D1211 is capable of 40 dBm output and is under-driven to maximize the intermodulation
distortion performance of the PA.
2.5.4
Transmitter Mask
Figure 10 shows the transmit mask in direct mode. All numbers are power relative to the wanted
channel, measured in a 20 kHz bandwidth.
Appendix 5 Page 11 of 27
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Radio System: Operating Manual
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Transmitter Mask
Figure 10
2.5.5
Electrical Specifications
Frequency Range:
Output power:
Stability:
216 - 220 MHz
0.5 W (27 dBm)
Stable with loads ≤ 3:1 (all angles)
High Gain:
High Gain flatness:
56 dB nom.
±1 dB max.
Low Gain:
Low Gain flatness
22 dB nom
±1 dB max
Power added efficiency:
30% min.
Noise floor:
≤ -90 dBm/Hz at ≥ 2 MHz from carrier
The above powers are measured at the antenna connector.
2.6
Synthesizer
The RU Synthesizer is part of the RF module. It is illustrated in block schematic diagram in figure 11.
This synthesizer serves two main purposes:
• Generation of the local oscillator required for the direct down-conversion receiver.
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• Generation of the two local oscillators required for the direct up-conversion Cartesian loop
transmitter.
Control of synthesizer frequency is achieved by programming the synthesizer hardware via a serial
bus.
In order to avoid possible interference problems in transmit-mode the voltage-controlled oscillator
(VCO), which forms part of the synthesizer, runs at four times the fundamental operating frequency
REF_OSC
Reference
Conditioning
Synthesiser
-10 dBm
Output
Divide
by
VCO
856-936 MHz
Buffer
Amplifier
+10 dBm
Output
Power
Power Supply
RU Synthesizer – Block Diagram
Figure 11
2.6.1
Performance Parameters
2.6.1.1
Transmit & Receive Frequencies
The operating band is 216 to 220 MHz in 20kHz channels and the synthesizer is able to generate a
216.01 to 219.99 MHz Local Oscillator, programmable in 10kHz steps.
2.6.1.2
Phase Noise
The synthesizer’s frequency-dependent phase noise is illustrated in Figure 12.
2.6.1.3
Lock time
Less than 20 ms.
2.6.1.4
Spurious output
Harmonics
< 30 dBc
Non harmonics <70 dBc
Appendix 5 Page 13 of 27
THE BOX - Remote Unit
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Synthesizer Phase Noise
Figure 12
3.0
Baseband Module
3.1
Overall Description
The Remote Unit baseband board, which is shown in block form in Figure 13, comprises a single
digital signal processor (DSP) with ancillary memory and peripherals.
This sub-module carries out the following functions:
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Modulation of the uplink 16QAM baseband signal
Demodulation of the downlink QPSK baseband signal
Command and data communications with the host processor through the host parallel interface
RS232 communications for firmware downloads and for use in testing.
Timer functions to control the duty cycle in sleep and standby modes.
Power supply management and regulation for baseband and RF board switching.
Digital I/O associated with control of the RF board and PA module
Digital I/O signals to/from the host CPU card
Clock generation for Codec, processor and frequency locked reference
Local frequency reference pulling
Analog control signals for the RF module (if required)
Appendix 5 Page 14 of 27
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Loop phase
2.048MHz
Host Data
(16 bit)
FPGA
Address Decode, Device Select, Host I/F
20.48MHz
Freq. Ref
VCTCXO
7.68MHz
iic
Clock
Generator
DAC
8 bit serial
(Low power)
Host
Control
Address
Bus
Rf Control
Digital
I/O
VCXO
20.48MHz
Audio Out
Power
Control
Tx I
I Out
DSP
TMS320C50
Data Bus
(16 bit)
FLASH 128k
120ns
Serial I/F
CODEC
CS4225
Repeater
Switching
I In
Rx I
Rx Q
Q In
RAM
32k 70ns
Audio
In
RP Rx/Tx I
RP Rx/Tx Q
Battery
Voltage
Non-Volatile
RAM
256 bytes
RS232
Tx Q
Q Out
UART
Standby
Low power
Programmable
Timer
Wake Up
Power Supply
Conditioning
Control
Remote Unit - Baseband Sub-Module
Figure 13
3.2
Processor
The baseband sub-module is designed around a single 40.96 MHz Texas Instruments TMS320C50
digital signal processor which is capable of performing all modulation, demodulation, control and
communication tasks on the RF module.
3.3
Codec
A single Crystal Semiconductor CS4225 Codec device performs most of the analog to digital and
digital to analog conversion. This device also provides channel and anti-aliasing filtering of the
baseband signals.
An additional low current DAC provides phase control of the Cartesian loop transmitter. The complete
analog signal set is:
• I in
• Cartesian loop phase control output
• Q in
• Frequency reference adjust
• I out
• Q out
Appendix 5 Page 15 of 27
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3.4
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Memory
Three types of memory are provided in the baseband module for program and data storage:
• FLASH RWM
• Static RAM
• Non-volatile RAM
3.5
Clock Generation
A clock generator circuit derives the following clock waveforms from the 20.48 MHz frequency
Reference on the board. This Reference is locked to the base-station Master Reference during
receive:
• 7.68 MHz to drive the Codec at the correct sampling rate
• 20.48 MHz DSP clock. This is clocked into the DSP in ×1 mode to give a minimum internal cycle
time of 48.82 ns, corresponding to a basic processor speed of 20.48 MIPS.
• 2.048 MHz - a divided and buffered version of the on-board reference for use by the CPU host
When the RF module is frequency locked (i.e. during receive mode); stability of all clocks is ±0.5 ppm
with respect to the Central Recording System’s Master Reference.
At other times, when the on-board reference is free-running, clock stability is ±3 ppm.
It is the responsibility of the host CPU to ensure the integrity of any data transferred to the radio
system for the purpose of firmware updates before the transfer is made.
3.6
Parallel Host Interface
A parallel bi-directional interface is provided between the Host CPU (Motorola 68336 processor) and
the RF board TMS320C50 processor. This interface is used for passing:
downlink messages from the radio system to the host CPU and
uplink data from the host to the radio.
Additionally the host interface is used for control messaging issued by the host CPU, and for any
subsequent baseband replies.
3.7
Temperature sensing
Thermal monitoring is provided on the radio transmitter, with the baseband module DSP able to read
the PA temperature and ascertain if it is approaching its maximum recommended operating
temperature. Data from this sensor is made available to the host processor over the host parallel
interface.
Appendix 5 Page 16 of 27
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4.0
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RU Power Supply
The RU is powered by a power-supply unit (or “battery pack) located beneath and attached to the RU
housing as shown in figure 14.
The unit contains one 12 V --- AH rechargeable lead-acid battery, which may be recharged without
removing it from the unit.
Annotated Photograph of
RU with Land Battery Box
Figure 14
The Power-Supply Unit may be rectangular for land use as or cylindrical for marine use as illustrated
in fires 15 and 16 respectively.
Assembly Drawing
Assembly Drawing
Land Power Unit
Figure 15
Marine Power Unit
Figure 16
Appendix 5 Page 17 of 27
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5.0
RU Signals and Connections
5.1
RF Module
5.1.1
Power Amplifier
5.1.1.1
External Interfaces
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External interfaces to the transmitter sub-module are defined as those signals which leave the radio
system RF board. They therefore include all
• transmitter control signals which originate on the baseband board, and
• all status signals that go to the baseband board.
Table 1 lists the signals that constitute the external interface between the Power Amplifier
(transmitter) and the rest of the Remote Unit (excluding signals internal to the RF module).
Signal Name
20dB_ATT_B
10dB_ATT_A
25dB_DOWN
25dB_UP
ANT
BATT
DC_NULL
GND
I_DOWN
Q_DOWN
I_UP
Q_UP
INSTB
PA_ON
PH_CTL
TX_RX
SCL
SDA
Direction
In
In
In
Type
Digital
Digital
Digital
In
Digital
In/Out
RF
In
In
In
Out
Out
In
In
Out
In
In
In
In
Out
Power
Digital
Power
Analog
Analog
Analog
Analog
Digital
Digital
Analog
Digital
Digital
Digital
Description
HCMOS power control: 20dB step
HCMOS power control: 10dB step
HCMOS power control, down converter:
switches in delay line
HCMOS power control, up converter:
switches second stage of PA
Antenna connector
50Ω SMA female
Unregulated power supply for PA
Cartesian loop dc null control
Ground
Baseband I channel output (to receiver)
Baseband Q channel output (to receiver)
Baseband I channel input (from codec)
Baseband Q channel input (from codec)
Transmitter instability detector (to DSP)
Switches PA on
Cartesian loop phase control
Switches between Tx & Rx mode
PA temperature sensor Clock
PA temperature sensor Serial Data
RU Transmitter - External/Interface Signals
Table 1
Appendix 5 Page 18 of 27
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5.1.1.2
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Internal Interfaces
Table 2 lists the internal interface signals between the Cartesian Linear Transmitter and the other submodules on the RF module.
Signal Name
C10V
Direction
In
Type
Power
S2V5
RX_RF
In
Out
Power
RF
RF_FB
RF_MOD
Rx_D
LO_+10dBm
In
Out
In
In
RF
RF
RF
RF
LO_-10dBM
In
RF
Description
Power supply for CLT
Regulated from raw battery power
Power supply for CLT
Received RF output to Receiver front-end
Frequency range: 214 - 234 MHz
Source impedance: 50Ω nominal
Power: 0 dBm max
Coupled RF input from PA directional coupler
Low level modulated RF output to PA
Down converter RF input from Receiver front-end
Local oscillator input for down converter
50Ω, +10 dBm nom.
Local oscillator input for up converter
50Ω, -10 dBm nominal
RU - Interface Signals between Cartesian Linear Transmitter Sub-Module and
other Radio Board Sub-Modules
Table 2:
5.2
Synthesizer
5.2.1
Interfaces
All interfaces to and from the synthesizer are internal, i.e. between the synthesiser and other submodules within the RF module.
5.2.1.1
Inputs
Signal Name
S5V
S10V
GND
S_CLK
S_DATA
Description
Synthesizer +5 V Power supply
50 mA max
Synthesizer +10 V Power supply
10 mA max
Analog ground
Synthesizer serial data clock
High impedance CMOS input
Data clocked in on rising edge
Synthesizer serial data
High impedance CMOS input
Data entered MSB first
Continued Overleaf
Appendix 5 Page 19 of 27
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S_LE
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Synthesizer load enable
High impedance CMOS input
When SLE goes high, data stored in synthesizer shift registers is loaded
into the appropriate latch.
20.48 MHz Reference oscillator input
REF_OSC
Synthesizer – Input Signals
Table 3
5.2.1.2
Outputs
Signal Name
LO_+10dBm
Description
LO output to the down-converter
+9 dBm, ±1 dB, nominal impedance 50Ω
LO output to the transmitter up-converter
-8 dBm, ± 2 dB, nominal impedance 50Ω
LO_-10dBm
Synthesizer – Output Signals
Table 4
5.2.1.5
Internal Interfaces
Signal Name
C10V
Direction
In
Type
Power
S2V5
RX_RF
In
Out
Power
RF
RF_FB
RF_MOD
Rx_D
LO_+10 dBm
In
Out
In
In
RF
RF
RF
RF
LO_-10 dBM
In
RF
Description
Power supply for CLT
Regulated from battery power
Power supply for CLT
Received RF output to Receiver front-end
Frequency range: 214 - 234 MHz
Source impedance: 50Ω nominal
Power: 0 dBm max
Coupled RF input from PA directional coupler
Low level modulated RF output to PA
Down converter RF input from Receiver front-end
Local oscillator input for down converter
50Ω, +10 dBm nominal
Local oscillator input for up converter
50Ω, -10 dBm nominal
Synthesizer – Internal Interfaces
Table 7
5.2.1.6
Digital Control Signals
Signal
SLE
S_DATA
S_CLOCK
PA_ON
Direction
In
In
In
In
Connector
P2: 15; 16
P2: 17; 18
P2: 19; 20
P2: 25; 26
DC_NULL
In
P2: 29; 30
Type
Description
TTL
Synthesizer enable
TTL
Synthesizer data
TTL
Synthesizer clock
HCMOS
PA bias switch
Continued overleaf
HCMOS
Transmitter DC Null
LOW = Null; HIGH = normal transmit
Appendix 5 Page 20 of 27
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RX_GAIN
CON
RON
SON
TX_RX
In
In
In
In
In
P2: 31; 31
P2: 35; 36
P2: 37; 38
P2: 39; 40
P2: 42; 43
HCMOS
HCMOS
HCMOS
HCMOS
HCMOS
SCL
SDA
INSTAB
In
In
In
P2: 45; 46
P2: 47; 48
P2: 51; 52
HCMOS
HCMOS
TTL
20DB_ATTB
10DB_ATTA
25DB_UP
In
In
In
P2: 55; 56
P2: 57; 58
P2: 59; 60
HCMOS
HCMOS
HCMOS
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RX gain HI/LO switch
Cartesian loop
Receiver
Synthesizer
Transmit/Receive
LOW = receive; HIGH = transmit
Dallas chip clock
Dallas chip data
Transmitter unstable
LOW = unstable; HIGH = unstable
Power control (see Table 9)
Power control (see Table 9)
Power control (see Table 9)
Synthesizer – Digital Control Signals
Table 8
5.3
Receiver
5.3.1
Receiver Inputs, Outputs and Internal Signals
These are shown in Table 9.
Signal Name
BATT
GND
R5V
Direction
In
In
In
Type
Power
Power
Power
A6V5
In
Power
AGND
RX_RF
In
Out
Power
RF
LO_+10dBm
In
RF
ANT
In/Out
RF
IRX
Out
RF
QRX
Out
RF
TX_RX
RX_GAIN
In
In
Digital
HCMOS
RON
In
HOS
Description
Unregulated power supply for PA
Ground
5V Power supply
200 mA max
6.5V Power supply to front end
20mA max
Analogue ground
Received RF output after Tx-Rx switch to Receiver front-end.
Frequency range: 214 - 234 MHz
Local oscillator input for receiver
50Ω, +10dBm nom.
Antenna connector
50Ω SMA female
Baseband I channel output
Level 2.5 V pp ±0.1 v pp max.
Baseband Q channel output
Level 2.5 V pp ±0.1 v pp max.
Switches between TX & RX mode
Set RX gain for either maximum sensitivity or large signal
handling
Receiver Enable - used by FET switches on baseband inputs
Table 9
Appendix 5 Page 21 of 27
THE BOX - Remote Unit
Radio System: Operating Manual
5.4
Baseband Module
5.4.1
External Interfaces
Application for FCC Certification
These signals which originate from or go directly to the Baseband module from any part of the RU
(other than the radio RF module) are listed in Table 10.
Signal Name
HI_D0 HI_D15
HI_C/D
Direction
In/Out
Type
Digital
In
Digital
HI_WSTRB
In
Digital
HI_RFLAG
Out
Digital
HI_WFLAG
Out
Digital
HI_RSTRB
In/Out
Digital
WKUPH
Out
Digital
WKUPR
In
Digital
HI_RESET
In
Digital
REF
Out
Digital
TZERO
Out
Digital
AUD_IN
In
Analog
AUD_OUT
Out
Analog
RP_I+
In/Out
Analog
RP_I-
In/Out
Analog
RP_Q+
In/Out
Analog
Connector
H1 pin 1-16
Description
16 bit parallel interface, Host CPU data bus
TTL
H1 pin 33
Indicates whether host interface contents are
command or data (host to radio direction only)
TTL
See Ref. [8] for levels & timing
H1:37
Buffer read/write
TTL
See Ref. [8] for levels & timing
H1:35
Read buffer full flag
TTL
See Ref. [8] for levels & timing
H1:36
Write buffer full flag
TTL
See Ref. [8] for levels & timing
H1:34
Read data strobe
TTL
See Ref. [8] for levels & timing
H1:39
Wakeup to Host CPU from Radio system
TTL high: wakeup
TTL low: radio card in sleep mode
H1:38
Wakeup from Host CPU to Radio system
TTL high: Wakeup radio system from sleep
H1:40
Hardware reset from Host
TTL active high
H1:41
2.048 MHz reference locked to master ref.
Buffering HCMOS
H1:42
T-zero
HCMOS, timing ±20 µs
TBD
Audio input
0 dBm into 600Ω
TBD
Audio output
0 dBm into 600Ω
H6 pin 2
Repeater I channel
Analog differential line driver !5 V
H6 pin 1
Repeater I channel
Analogue Differential line driver !5 V
H6 pin 5
Repeater Q channel
Analogue differential line driver !5 V
Continued overleaf
Appendix 5 Page 22 of 27
THE BOX - Remote Unit
Radio System: Operating Manual
Application for FCC Certification
RP_Q-
In/Out
Analog
H6 pin 4
RP_DIR+
In/Out
Digital
H6 pin 8
RP_DIR-
In/Out
Digital
H6 pin 7
RP_MODE
In
Digital
H6 pin 15
RP_MS
In
Digital
H6 pin 13
RP_WKUP+
In/Out
Digital
H6 pin 10
Repeater Q channel
Analogue differential line driver !5 V
Repeater uplink/downlink select
Digital differential line driver !5 V
Repeater uplink/downlink select
Digital differential line driver !5 V
Repeater/Normal mode select
HCMOS high: Repeater
HCMOS low: Normal
Repeater master/slave select
HCMOS high: master
HCMOS low: slave
Wakeup to repeater slave
RP_WKUP-
In/Out
H6 pin 9
Wakeup to repeater slave
RP_U1+
In/Out
H6 pin 12
RP_U1-
In/Out
Digital
H6 pin 11
RP_GND
RP_AGND
RP_SCRN
PTT
TCK
Out
In
In
In
In
Power
Power
Power
Digital
Digital
H6 pins 14
H6 pin 3
H6 pin 6
TBD
H3 pin 11
TDI
In
Digital
H3 pin 3
TDO
Out
Digital
H3 pin 7
TMS
In
Digital
H3 pin 1
TRST
In
Digital
H3 pin 2
EMU0
In/Out
Digital
H3 pin 13
EMU1
In/Out
Digital
H3 pin 14
PD
Out
Digital
H3 pin 5
TCK_RET
Out
Digital
H3 pin 9
RXD
TXD
DTR
DSR
RTS
CTS
BATT
Out
In
Out
Out
In
Out
In
RS232
RS232
RS232
RS232
RS232
RS232
power
H4 pin 2
H4 pin 3
H4 pin 4
H4 pin 6
H4 pin 7
H4 pin 8
H1 pin 52,
54, 56, 58, 60
Unused
Digital differential line driver ±5 V
Unused
Digital differential line driver ±5 V
Ground for repeater link
Analogue ground connection
Cable screen connection
Push-to-talk test connector
JTAG test clock
HCMOS
JTAG test data input
HCMOS
JTAG test data output
HCMOS
JTAG test mode select
HCMOS
JTAG test reset
HCMOS
JTAG emulation pin 0
HCMOS
JTAG emulation pin 1
HCMOS
JTAG presence detect
HCMOS
JTAG test clock return
HCMOS
RS232 Receive Data
RS232 Transmit Data
RS232 Data Terminal Ready
RS232 Data Set Ready
RS232 Ready To Send
RS232 Clear To Send
+12V nominal battery power
range 10.8V to 15.6V
1.5 A max
Appendix 5 Page 23 of 27
THE BOX - Remote Unit
Radio System: Operating Manual
GND
In
power
H1 pin 17, 18
31, 32, 43, 44,
49, 51, 53, 55,
57, 59
Application for FCC Certification
Battery ground
Baseband Module - External Interface Signals
Table 10
Table 11 lists the signals which constitute the interfaces between the baseband sub-module and the
host CPU card or PA module.
Signal Name
DGND
TZERO
Direction
In
Out
Type
Power
Digital
Connector
H1 pin 49
H1 pin 42
2.048MHz
Out
Digital
H1 pin 41
HI_D0 -HI_D16
In/Out
Digital
H1 pin 1- 16
HI_C/D
In
Digital
H1 pin 33
HI_RFLAG
Out
Digital
H1 pin 35
HI_WFLAG
Out
Digital
H1 pin 36
HI_WSTRB
In
Digital
H1 pin 37
HI_RSTRB
In
Digital
H1 pin 34
WKUPHOST
Out
Digital
H1 pin 39
HI_RESET
In
Digital
H1 pin 40
Description
Digital ground
Timing pulse for reception of synch.
code
TTL active high
Reference clock
TTL
16 bit parallel interface, Host CPU
data bus
TTL
Indicates whether host interface
contents are command or data (host
to radio direction only)
TTL high: command
TTL low: data
Read buffer empty interrupt
TTL active high:
Timing to correspond to C50 interrupt
requirement
Write buffer full interrupt
TTL active high
Timing to correspond to C50 interrupt
requirement
Data strobe
TTL
Data strobe
TTL
Wakeup to Host CPU
TTL high: wakeup
Hardware reset from Host
TTL active high
External interface signals
Table 11
5.4.2
Connectors
Connectors for the Baseband module are defined in Table 12.
Appendix 5 Page 24 of 27
THE BOX - Remote Unit
Radio System: Operating Manual
Connector Name
H1
H2
JT11
Application for FCC Certification
Description
Radio card to Host CPU
60 way Molex 53408-1200
Connector to RF board
60 way Molex 53408-1200
JTAG connector
14-pin header (two 7-pin rows)
Pin-to-pin spacing 0.100 in (X,Y)
Pin width: 0.025 in. square post
Pin length: 0.235 in nominal
RS232 connector
9-way SM Molex
Repeater connector
15-way SM Molex
Audio Connector
Baseband Module Connectors
5.4.3
Internal Interfaces (Radio System)
described in Table 13.
DGND
GND
PA_ON
Source
BB
BB
BB
BB
Type
Power
Connector
RF
Description
Digital ground
Battery ground
Power
Power
H2 pin 31
Switches power supply to PA (slow)
HCMOS low PA off
SON
RON
HCMOS
BB
BB
TX_RX
HCMOS
HCMOS
BB
HCMOS
DC_NULL
BB
HCMOS
25dB_DOWN
25dB_UP
BB
BB
HCMOS
HCMOS
H2 pin 19
H2 pin 23
Switches power supply to receiver section
Switches power to the Cartesian loop section
H2 pin 28
HCMOS high: Tx mode
HCMOS low: Rx mode
Switches gain in Rx chain
High = Low gain
H2 pin 32
Causes Cartesian loop to perform DC NULL
HCMOS low: DC null active
HCMOS high: Normal loop operation
H2 pin 34
For operation see
H2 pin 33
For operation see
Continued overleaf
Appendix 5 Page 25 of 27
THE BOX - Remote Unit
20dB_ATTA
20dB_ATTB
BB
BB
RF
PWR_CNT
BB
S_CLK
BB
BB
S_LE
PA_EN
Application for FCC Certification
H2 pin 35
H2 pin 36
For operation see
For operation see
Cartesian loop instability detector output
HCMOS high: Loop stable
HCMOS
Controls 20dB Tx power control
HCMOS high: 0 dB
H2 pin 22
HCMOS
HCMOS
BB
Synthesizer serial data bit clock
Synthesizer serial data
H2 pin 26
H2 pin 25
PA enable (fast)
HCMOS low: PA not enabled
T_CLK
T_DATA
HCMOS
H2 pin 42
H2 pin 41
BB
RF
Analog
RX_Q
RF
Analog
H2 pin 15
TX_I
BB
Analog
H2 pin 3
TX_Q
BB
Analog
H2 pin 7
PH_CTL
BB
Analog
H2 pin 20
Temperature sensor data
I channel from Rx (to Codec)
AC coupled, 2.8 V p-p signal
Q channel from Rx (to Codec)
AC coupled, 2.8 V p-p signal
I channel to transmitter (from Codec)
AC coupled, 2.8 V p-p signal
Input impedance > 10 kΩ
Q channel to transmitter (from Codec)
AC coupled, 2.8 V p-p signal
Input impedance > 10 kΩ
Cartesian loop phase control
0.5-2.5 V
Remote Unit Radio Internal Interface Signals
Table 13
5.4.4
Bi-Directional Host Interface Signals
These signals are defined in Table 14.
Signal Name
HI_C/D
Direction
H→R
HI_RSTRB
H→R
HI_WSTRB
H→R
Description
Indicates whether interface contents are command or data (host to radio
communications only).
TTL high: Command information
TTL low: Seismic data
Read Data Strobe
High indicates that Host CPU it has read data from radio.
Write Data strobe
High indicates presence of data on interface
Continued Overleaf
Appendix 5 Page 26
Radio System: Operating Manual
HI_WFLAG
→H
for this buffer to be empty before transferring data to the radio baseband
board
R→
TTL low: buffer empty
Flag indicating the state of the “to host” buffer. The radio DSP should wait
for this buffer to be empty before transferring data to the host CPU.
TTL low: buffer empty
Host Interface Signals
Appendix 5 Page
of 27

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Subject                         : FCC Application
Modify Date                     : 2000:03:08 15:49:55
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