Furuno USA 9ZWRTR069 Marine Radar User Manual OPERATORS MANUAL

Furuno USA Inc Marine Radar OPERATORS MANUAL

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OPERATORS MANUAL

MARINE RADAR

MODEL1722/1732/1742/1752/1762

MODEL1722C/1732C/1742C/1752C/1762C

Your Local Agent/DealerYour Local Agent/Dealer

9-52 Ashihara-cho,9-52 Ashihara-cho,

Nishinomi

a, Ja

anNishinomi

a, Ja

Tele

hone :Tele

hone : 0798-65-21110798-65-2111

Telefax :Telefax : 0798-65-42000798-65-4200

FIRST EDITION :FIRST EDITION : APR.APR. 20012001

Printed in JapanPrinted in Japan

ll ri

hts reserved.

ll ri

hts reserved.

E :E : DEC.DEC. 07,200107,2001

PUB.No.PUB.No. OME-3494OME-3494

*00080918200**00080918200*

(( DAMIDAMI )) MODEL1722/C SER.MODEL1722/C SER. * 0 0 0 8 0 9 1 8 2 0 0 ** 0 0 0 8 0 9 1 8 2 0 0 *

*OME34940E00**OME34940E00*

* O M E 3 4 9 4 0 E 0 0 ** O M E 3 4 9 4 0 E 0 0 *

SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS

WARNING

Do not disassemble or modify the

equipment.

Fire, electrical shock or serious injury can

result.

Immediately turn off the power at the

switchboard if the equipment is emitting

smoke or fire.

Continued use of the equipment can cause

fire or electrical shock. Contact a FURUNO

agent for service.

Keep heater away from equipment.

A heater can melt the equipment's power

cord, which can cause fire or electrical

shock.

Use the proper fuse.

Fuse rating is shown on the equipment.

Use of a wrong fuse can result in damage

to the equipment.

ELECTRICAL SHOCK HAZARD

Do not open the equipment.

Only qualified personnel

should work inside the

equipment.

CAUTION

A warning label is attached to the equip-

ment. Do not remove the label. If the

label is missing or damaged, contact

a FURUNO agent or dealer about

replacement.

WARNING

To avoid electrical shock, do not

remove cover. No user-serviceable

parts inside.

Name: Warning Label (1)

Type: 86-003-1011-0

Code No.: 100-236-230

WARNING

Radio Frequency

Radiation Hazard

The radar antenna emits electromagnetic

radio frequency (RF) energy which can be

harmful, particularly to your eyes. Never

look directly into the antenna aperture from

a close distance while the radar is in

operation or expose yourself to the trans-

mitting antenna at a close distance.

Distances at which RF radiation levels of

100 and 10 W/m

exist are given in the

table below.

Note: If the antenna unit is installed at a

close distance in front of the wheel house,

your administration may require halt of

transmission within a certain sector of

antenna revolution. This is possible - Ask

your FURUNO representative or dealer to

provide this feature.

MODEL Distance to

100 W/m

point

Distance to

10 W/m

point

1722 Nil Worst case

0.50 m

1732

1742

1762 0.20 m

Nil Worst case

0.50 m

Nil Worst case

1.00 m

Worst case

3.00 m

No one navigation device should ever be

solely replied upon for the navigation of

a vessel.

Always confirm position against all available

aids to navigation, for safety of vessel and

crew.

CAUTION

1752 0.15 m Worst case

2.00 m

TABLE OF CONTENTS

TABLE OF CONTENTS ........................................................................................ii

FOREWORD.......................................................................................................viii

SYSTEM CONFIGURATIONS...............................................................................x

1. OPERATIONAL OVERVIEW.........................................................................1-1

1.1 Operating Controls .................................................................................................... 1-2

1.1.1 Display unit controls........................................................................................ 1-2

1.1.2 Remote controller............................................................................................ 1-5

1.2 Inserting a Chart Card ............................................................................................... 1-6

1.3 Turning the Unit On/Off.............................................................................................. 1-7

1.4 Cursor Pad, Cursor.................................................................................................... 1-8

1.5 Display Brilliance, Panel Brilliance, Contrast, Hue ..................................................... 1-9

1.5.1 Display brilliance, panel brilliance.................................................................... 1-9

1.5.2 Contrast ........................................................................................................ 1-10

1.5.3 Hue (MODEL1722C series)........................................................................... 1-10

1.6 Selecting a Display.................................................................................................. 1-11

1.6.1 Display modes .............................................................................................. 1-11

1.6.2 Selecting a display ........................................................................................ 1-12

1.6.3 Switching control in combination and overlay screens................................... 1-13

1.6.4 Selecting radar source .................................................................................. 1-14

1.7 Data Boxes.............................................................................................................. 1-15

1.7.1 Showing, hiding data boxes with soft key ...................................................... 1-15

1.7.2 Rearranging data boxes................................................................................ 1-15

1.7.3 Temporarily erasing a data box ..................................................................... 1-15

1.8 Function Keys.......................................................................................................... 1-16

1.8.1 Executing a function...................................................................................... 1-16

1.9 Simulation Display................................................................................................... 1-17

2. RADAR OPERATION ....................................................................................2-1

2.1 Radar Display............................................................................................................ 2-1

2.2 Transmitting, Stand-by............................................................................................... 2-2

2.3 Tuning ....................................................................................................................... 2-2

2.4 Adjusting the Gain ..................................................................................................... 2-2

2.5 Reducing Sea Clutter................................................................................................. 2-4

2.5.1 How the A/C SEA works.................................................................................. 2-4

2.5.2 Adjusting A/C SEA .......................................................................................... 2-4

2.6 Reducing Precipitation Clutter ................................................................................... 2-5

2.6.1 Adjusting the A/C RAIN................................................................................... 2-5

2.6.2 Adjusting the FTC ........................................................................................... 2-6

2.7 Range Scale.............................................................................................................. 2-7

2.8 Pulselength................................................................................................................ 2-8

iii

2.9 Presentation Mode.....................................................................................................2-9

2.9.1 Selecting a presentation mode ........................................................................2-9

2.9.2 Description of presentation modes.................................................................2-10

2.10 Measuring the Range...............................................................................................2-12

2.10.1 Measuring range by range rings ....................................................................2-12

2.10.2 Measuring range by cursor............................................................................2-13

2.10.3 Measuring range by VRM..............................................................................2-14

2.10.4 Erasing a VRM, VRM indication.....................................................................2-15

2.10.5 Erasing EBL/VRM data boxes .......................................................................2-15

2.10.6 Hiding EBL/VRM data boxes .........................................................................2-15

2.10.7 Moving EBL/VRM data boxes........................................................................2-15

2.11 Measuring the Bearing.............................................................................................2-15

2.11.1 Measuring bearing by cursor .........................................................................2-15

2.11.2 Measuring bearing by EBL ............................................................................2-15

2.11.3 Erasing an EBL, EBL indication .....................................................................2-16

2.11.4 Erasing EBL/VRM data boxes .......................................................................2-16

2.11.5 Hiding EBL/VRM data boxes .........................................................................2-16

2.11.6 Moving EBL/VRM data boxes........................................................................2-16

2.12 Erasing the Heading Line, North Marker ..................................................................2-17

2.13 Reducing Noise........................................................................................................2-17

2.14 Reducing Radar Interference ...................................................................................2-18

2.15 Zoom .......................................................................................................................2-19

2.15.1 Zooming in on radar targets...........................................................................2-19

2.15.2 Zooming ARP, TTM targets............................................................................2-19

2.16 Shifting the Picture...................................................................................................2-20

2.16.1 Manual shift...................................................................................................2-20

2.16.2 Automatic shift...............................................................................................2-21

2.17 Using the Offset EBL................................................................................................2-22

2.17.1 Predicting a collision course ..........................................................................2-22

2.17.2 Measuring range & bearing between two targets...........................................2-23

2.18 Echo Trails...............................................................................................................2-24

2.18.1 Trail time........................................................................................................2-24

2.18.2 Starting echo trails.........................................................................................2-25

2.18.3 Trail brilliance (MODEL1722 series) ..............................................................2-25

2.18.4 Trail gradation (MODEL1722C series)...........................................................2-25

2.18.5 Trail color (MODEL1722C series)..................................................................2-26

2.19 Echo Stretch ............................................................................................................2-27

2.20 Echo Averaging........................................................................................................2-28

2.21 Outputting TLL Data.................................................................................................2-29

2.22 Guard Alarm.............................................................................................................2-30

2.22.1 Setting a guard alarm zone............................................................................2-30

2.22.2 When the alarm is violated….........................................................................2-31

2.22.3 Canceling the guard alarm.............................................................................2-31

2.23 Watchman................................................................................................................2-32

2.23.1 How watchman works....................................................................................2-32

2.23.2 Turning on/off watchman ...............................................................................2-32

2.23.3 Setting watchman stand-by interval ...............................................................2-32

2.24 Waypoint Marker......................................................................................................2-33

2.25 ARP (option), TTM operation................................................................................... 2-34

2.25.1 Activating/deactivating ARP, TTM.................................................................. 2-35

2.25.2 Acquiring and tracking targets (ARP only)..................................................... 2-36

2.25.3 Displaying target number (internal, external ARP)......................................... 2-37

2.25.4 Terminating tracking of ARP targets .............................................................. 2-38

2.25.5 Setting vector attributes (ARP)...................................................................... 2-39

2.25.6 Displaying past position display (ARP) .......................................................... 2-40

2.25.7 ARP, TTM target data.................................................................................... 2-41

2.25.8 CPA/TCPA alarm (ARP) ................................................................................ 2-42

2.25.9 Lost target alarm (ARP)................................................................................. 2-43

2.26 Interpreting the Radar Display ................................................................................. 2-44

2.26.1 General......................................................................................................... 2-44

2.26.2 False echoes................................................................................................. 2-46

2.26.3 SART (Search and Rescue Transponder) ..................................................... 2-48

2.26.4 Racon (Radar Beacon).................................................................................. 2-50

3. PLOTTER OPERATION ................................................................................3-1

3.1 Plotter Displays.......................................................................................................... 3-1

3.1.1 Full-screen plotter display ............................................................................... 3-1

3.1.2 Compass display............................................................................................. 3-3

3.1.3 Highway display .............................................................................................. 3-5

3.1.4 Nav data display.............................................................................................. 3-6

3.2 Presentation Mode .................................................................................................... 3-7

3.2.1 North-up.......................................................................................................... 3-7

3.2.2 Course-up ....................................................................................................... 3-8

3.2.3 Auto course-up................................................................................................ 3-8

3.3 Shifting the Display.................................................................................................... 3-9

3.4 Chart Scale................................................................................................................ 3-9

3.5 Chart Cards............................................................................................................. 3-10

3.5.1 Chart card overview ...................................................................................... 3-10

3.5.2 Indices and chart enlargement ...................................................................... 3-11

3.5.3 FURUNO and NavCharts™.......................................................................... 3-12

3.5.4 C-MAP cards................................................................................................. 3-14

3.6 Working with Track .................................................................................................. 3-18

3.6.1 Displaying track............................................................................................. 3-18

3.6.2 Stopping, restarting plotting of own ship track ............................................... 3-19

3.6.3 Changing track color (MODEL1722C series)................................................. 3-20

3.6.4 Track plotting method and interval for own ship track.................................... 3-21

3.6.5 Changing own ship track/mark distribution setting......................................... 3-22

3.6.6 Erasing track................................................................................................. 3-23

3.7 Marks, Lines............................................................................................................ 3-25

3.7.1 Entering a mark............................................................................................. 3-25

3.7.2 Changing mark attributes .............................................................................. 3-25

3.7.3 Selecting line type......................................................................................... 3-26

3.7.4 Erasing marks, lines...................................................................................... 3-27

3.8 Waypoints................................................................................................................ 3-29

3.8.1 Entering waypoints........................................................................................ 3-29

3.8.2 Editing waypoint data.................................................................................... 3-32

3.8.3 Erasing waypoints .........................................................................................3-34

3.8.4 Changing waypoint mark size (FURUNO, NavCharts™) ...............................3-35

3.8.5 Searching waypoints......................................................................................3-36

3.9 Routes .....................................................................................................................3-37

3.9.1 Creating routes..............................................................................................3-37

3.9.2 Connecting routes .........................................................................................3-41

3.9.3 Inserting waypoints........................................................................................3-42

3.9.4 Removing waypoints from a route..................................................................3-44

3.9.5 Erasing routes ...............................................................................................3-44

3.10 Navigation................................................................................................................3-45

3.10.1 Navigating to a “quick point” ..........................................................................3-45

3.10.2 Navigating to waypoints.................................................................................3-46

3.10.3 Navigating to ports, port services (NavCharts™ only) ...................................3-47

3.10.4 Following a route...........................................................................................3-49

3.11 Alarms .....................................................................................................................3-53

3.11.1 Audio alarm on/off .........................................................................................3-53

3.11.2 Arrival alarm ..................................................................................................3-54

3.11.3 Anchor watch alarm.......................................................................................3-55

3.11.4 XTE (Cross Track Error) alarm ......................................................................3-56

3.11.5 Speed alarm ..................................................................................................3-56

3.11.6 Proximity alarm..............................................................................................3-57

3.11.7 Trip alarm ......................................................................................................3-58

3.11.8 Alarm information ..........................................................................................3-59

3.12 Resetting Trip Distance............................................................................................3-60

3.13 Entering the MOB Mark, Setting MOB as Destination ..............................................3-61

4. VIDEO SOUNDER OPERATION...................................................................4-1

4.1 Principle of Operation.................................................................................................4-1

4.2 Sounder Displays.......................................................................................................4-2

4.2.1 Selecting a sounder display.............................................................................4-2

4.2.2 Description of sounder displays.......................................................................4-3

4.2.3 Selecting screen split method in combination displays.....................................4-7

4.3 Automatic Sounder Operation....................................................................................4-8

4.3.1 How the automatic sounder works...................................................................4-8

4.3.2 Types of automatic sounder modes.................................................................4-8

4.3.3 How to enable automatic sounder operation....................................................4-8

4.4 Manual Sounder Operation........................................................................................4-9

4.4.1 Selecting the manual mode .............................................................................4-9

4.4.2 Selecting display range....................................................................................4-9

4.4.3 Adjusting the gain............................................................................................4-9

4.4.4 Range shifting................................................................................................4-10

4.5 Measuring Depth, Time............................................................................................ 4-11

4.6 Reducing Interference..............................................................................................4-12

4.7 Reducing Low Level Noise.......................................................................................4-13

4.8 Erasing Weak Echoes..............................................................................................4-14

4.9 White Marker (MODEL1722C series).......................................................................4-15

4.10 Picture Advance Speed............................................................................................4-16

4.10.1 Advancement independent of ship’s speed....................................................4-16

4.10.2 Advancement synchronized with ship’s speed ...............................................4-17

4.11 Display Colors (MODEL1722C series) .....................................................................4-18

4.12 Alarms......................................................................................................................4-19

4.12.1 Audio alarm on/off..........................................................................................4-19

4.12.2 Bottom alarm .................................................................................................4-20

4.12.3 Fish alarm......................................................................................................4-20

4.12.4 Fish alarm (B/L) .............................................................................................4-21

4.12.5 Water temperature alarm ...............................................................................4-22

4.12.6 When an alarm setting is violated... ...............................................................4-23

4.13 Water Temperature Graph........................................................................................4-24

4.14 Interpreting the Sounder Display ..............................................................................4-25

4.14.1 Zero line.........................................................................................................4-25

4.14.2 Bottom echo ..................................................................................................4-25

4.14.3 Fish school echoes........................................................................................4-26

4.14.4 Surface noise/Aeration...................................................................................4-26

5. CUSTOMIZING YOUR UNIT.........................................................................5-1

5.1 General Setup........................................................................................................... 5-1

5.2 Radar Setup.............................................................................................................. 5-3

5.2.1 Radar display setup ........................................................................................ 5-3

5.2.2 Radar range setup.......................................................................................... 5-6

5.2.3 Function key setup.......................................................................................... 5-7

5.3 Plotter Setup ............................................................................................................. 5-9

5.3.1 Navigation options .......................................................................................... 5-9

5.3.2 Function key setup.........................................................................................5-10

5.4 Chart Setup..............................................................................................................5-12

5.4.1 Chart offset ....................................................................................................5-12

5.4.2 FURUNO, Nav-Charts™ chart attributes .......................................................5-13

5.4.3 C-MAP chart attributes...................................................................................5-16

5.5 Data Boxes Setup ....................................................................................................5-20

5.6 Hot Page Setup........................................................................................................5-21

5.7 Navigator Setup .......................................................................................................5-23

5.7.1 Navigation data source ..................................................................................5-23

5.7.2 GPS receiver setup (Set equipped with GP-310B).........................................5-24

5.7.3 TD display setup............................................................................................5-26

5.8 Nav Data Display Setup ...........................................................................................5-28

5.9 Sounder Setup.........................................................................................................5-29

5.9.1 System setup.................................................................................................5-29

5.9.2 Sensor setup..................................................................................................5-31

5.9.3 Sounding range, zoom range, bottom lock range...........................................5-32

5.9.4 Function key setup.........................................................................................5-33

vii

6. DATA TRANSFER.........................................................................................6-1

6.1 Memory Card Operations........................................................................................... 6-1

6.1.1 Formatting memory cards................................................................................ 6-1

6.1.2 Saving data to a memory card......................................................................... 6-2

6.1.3 Playing back data from a memory card ........................................................... 6-4

6.2 Uploading, Downloading Data ...................................................................................6-5

6.2.1 Setting communication software on the PC..................................................... 6-5

6.2.2 Uploading or downloading data....................................................................... 6-5

6.3 Loading Waypoint Data from Yeoman........................................................................ 6-8

6.4 Receiving Data Via Network Equipment ....................................................................6-9

6.5 Outputting Data Through the Network......................................................................6-10

7. MAINTENANCE, TROUBLESHOOTING......................................................7-1

7.1 Preventive Maintenance ............................................................................................ 7-1

7.2 Replacement of Fuse................................................................................................. 7-2

7.3 Replacement of Battery ............................................................................................. 7-2

7.4 Simple Troubleshooting ............................................................................................. 7-3

7.4.1 General ........................................................................................................... 7-3

7.4.2 Radar .............................................................................................................. 7-4

7.4.3 Plotter.............................................................................................................. 7-5

7.4.4 Sounder .......................................................................................................... 7-6

7.5 Diagnostics................................................................................................................7-7

7.5.1 Memory I/O test............................................................................................... 7-7

7.5.2 Test pattern ................................................................................................... 7-10

7.5.3 Keyboard, remote controller test.................................................................... 7-11

7.6 GPS Status Display ................................................................................................. 7-12

7.7 Clearing Memories................................................................................................... 7-13

7.8 Error Messages ....................................................................................................... 7-14

APPENDIX ......................................................................................................AP-1

Menu Overview............................................................................................................... AP-1

Geodetic Chart List....................................................................................................... AP-12

World Time Chart.......................................................................................................... AP-13

Icons............................................................................................................................. AP-14

SPECIFICATIONS...........................................................................................SP-1

INDEX............................................................................................................... IN-1

DECLARATION OF CONFORMITY

viii

FOREWORD

A Word to the Owner of the MODEL1722/1722C Series

Marine Radar

FURUNO Electric Company thanks you for purchasing the MODEL1722/1722C

Series Marine Radar. We are confident you will discover why the FURUNO

name has become synonymous with quality and reliability.

For over 50 years FURUNO Electric Company has enjoyed an enviable

reputation for quality and reliability throughout the world. This dedication to

excellence is furthered by our extensive global network of agents and dealers.

Your radar is designed and constructed to meet the rigorous demands of the

marine environment. However, no machine can perform its intended function

unless properly installed and maintained. Please carefully read and follow the

operation and maintenance procedures set forth in this manual.

We would appreciate feedback from you, the end-user, about whether we are

achieving our purposes.

Thank you for considering and purchasing FURUNO.

FOREWORD

Features

The MODEL1722/1722C series work within our new product-network system

called the “NavNet.” Each product has an IP address to communicate with

NavNet compatible products within the network, using TCP/IP protocol through

an Ethernet 10 Base-T network.

The main features are

! Bright 7” screen visible even under direct sunlight.

! User friendly operation with combination of discrete keys, soft keys and

cursor pad.

! Accepts FURUNO and Nav-charts™ (NAVIONICS) or C-MAP charts.

! Fast chart redraw.

! Built-in NavNet interface circuit board.

! 12-channel GPS Receiver GP-310B with highly accurate position fixing

optionally available.

! User programmable function keys.

! Video sounder picture available with connection to optional network

sounder.

! ARP function (when connecting with MODEL1833/1833C series)

SYSTEM CONFIGURATIONS

All NavNet products incorporate a “network circuit board” to integrate each

NavNet product on board through an optional LAN cable (Ethernet 10BASE-T).

Each NavNet product is assigned an IP address to enable transfer of images

between other NavNet products. For example, video plotter pictures can be

transferred to a radar and vice versa. Pictures received via the NavNet may be

adjusted at the receiving end.

A NavNet system may consist of up to four display units and one ETR. For a

system incorporating three or more products, a “hub” is required to process data.

Single unit NavNet system

Antenna Unit

(ex. MODEL 1722/1722C)

Network sounder

ETR-6/10N

Heading

sensor

External buzzer

Echo sounder

E/S

Navigator

GPS receiver

GP-310B

12-24 VDC

Other NavNet unit

(GD-1700 etc.)

Rectifier*

PR-62

RU-3423

Ship's mains

100/110/220/230 VAC

1φ, 50/60 Hz

*PR-62: MODEL1722/1722C/1732/1732C

RU-3423: MODEL1742/1742C/1762/1762C

Display Unit

RDP-130 (monochrome)

RDP-131 (color)

Remote

Controller

RMC-100

Single-unit NavNet system

Two-unit NavNet system

Antenna Unit GP-310B

Radar data

Plotter data

Two-unit NavNet system

Three-or more unit NavNet system (Max. 4 NavNet capable display units)

Antenna Unit GP-310B

HUB

Network sounder

ETR-6/10N

Sounder data

Radar data Plotter data

Note: The picture disappears

10 seconds after the NavNet

cable is disconnected from a

"sub" NavNet display unit.

Three-or more unit NavNet system

1-1

1. OPERATIONAL OVERVIEW

This chapter provides basic information needed to get you started using your

radar. The follow topics are presented:

• Control overview

• Chart card insertion

• Power on/off

• Contrast, brilliance and hue (Color series only) adjustments

• Display selection

• Data boxes

• Function keys

• Simulation display

NOTICE

The brilliance of the LCD is adjustable

to match a wide variety of lighting

conditions. However, its maximum

setting may not be sufficiently bright

to permit viewing of the display with

polarized sunglasses.

1. OPERATIONAL OVERVIEW

1-2

1.1 Operating Controls

1.1.1 Display unit controls

Overview of display unit controls

The radar systems are mainly operated with controls of the display unit (and

remote controller). Ten keys are labeled and they provide the function shown on

their labels. The five soft keys provide various functions according to current

operating mode. The [ENTER] knob mainly functions to register selections on

the menu and enter alphanumeric data. The cursor pad’s main function is to

move the cursor across the screen. Whenever you operate a key, a single beep

confirms operation. Invalid operation causes the unit to emit three beeps.

Cursor pad

Selects menu items and options;

shifts cursor. Press, release and

press again to change setting

consecutively.

Selects display mode.

Soft keys

Momentary press:

Registers own ship’s

position as a waypoint.

Press three seconds:

Marks man overboard

position.

Opens/closes the main menu.

Displays the soft keys for EBL/VRM.

Radar: Displays the soft keys for adjustment of

gain, A/C SEA, A/C RAIN and FTC.

Sounder: Adjusts gain.

Long press: Turns power on/off.

Momentary press: Opens the

display for adjustment of brilliance,

etc. For radar, switches STBY and TX.

ENTER knob

Push: Registers options on menus.

Rotate: Selects character; adjusts sensitivity

(sounder, radar); chooses menu items and options.

Clears data; erases selected mark.

Opens/closes the alarm menu.

Shows or hides the soft

keys, function keys,

nav data alternately.

Chart slot

Selects a range.

Control panel

1. OPERATIONAL OVERVIEW

1-3

Soft keys

The five soft keys’ functions change according to the operation. Their labels for

their current functions are shown on the screen to the left of the keys. To hide or

show the soft keys, press the [HIDE/SHOW] key. Each press of the key shows

preset soft keys, user function keys or turns off navigation information (at the top

of the screen).

SOFT

KEYS

Display unit

Some soft keys show the current state of the soft key function in reverse video

as shown below.

.250/ 319.9

.125nm

H-UP

SIGNAL

PROCESS

359.9

0.24nm

RETURN

E. AVG*

OFF

I. REJ

LOW

PULSE

SHORT

E. STR

LOW

Current option

shown in reverse

video

*: Only when MODEL 1833/C series are

used as radar source.

Plotter display

1. OPERATIONAL OVERVIEW

1-4

[ENTER] knob

The [ENTER] knob functions to

• Register data

• Enter alphanumeric data such as waypoint name

• Select menu items and options

• Adjust setting

Clockwise rotation of the knob selects an alphabet, symbol or numeric, in one of

the sequences shown below. After you have selected desired alphanumeric

character push the [ENTER] knob to register your selection.

[ENTER] knob

ENTER knob

Alphabet, symbol, numeric

A ! B ! C ! D ! E ! F ! G ! H ! I ! J ! K ! L ! M ! N ! O ! P ! Q !

R ! S ! T ! U ! V ! W ! X ! Y ! Z ! & ! _ ! ’ ! # ! 0 ! 1 ! 2 ! 3 !

4 ! 5 ! 6 ! 7 ! 8 ! 9

Numerics

0 ! 1 ! 2 ! 3 ! 4 ! 5 ! 6 ! 7 ! 8 ! 9

1. OPERATIONAL OVERVIEW

1-5

1.1.2 Remote controller

SAVE

RANGE

DISP MOB

ABC

DEF

GHI

MNO

JKL

STU

VWX

YZ&

PQR

0GAIN

’#

EBL / VRM

ENT

WPT

MARK

ENT

CNTL

CENTER

ALARM

SK3SK1 SK2

HIDE / SHOW

SK4 SK5

TX / STBY

BRILL

CLEAR

TONE

ACQ

Operating distance

90°: Up to 5 m

±45°: Up to 3 m

Replace the batteries (AA) when the

distance from which the display

unit can be operated shortens.

Note: The remote controller may

become damaged if dropped.

Mishandling of the remote

controller is not covered by

the warranty.

Remote controller

Key Function Key Function

RANGE Same as RANGE key on

display unit. CLEAR Same as CLEAR key on

display unit.

DISP Same as DISP key on

display unit. MENU Same as MENU key on

display unit.

SAVE MOB Same as SAVE MOB key on

display unit. BRILL Adjusts display brilliance.

Ten keys Enter alphanumerics. TONE Adjusts display contrast.

EBL/VRM Same as EBL/VRM key on

display unit. TX/STBY Toggles radar between

standby and transmit.

GAIN Same as GAIN key on

display unit. ACQ Acquires radar target.

(Requires radar source

equipped with ARP.)

WPT Displays “alphabet” WPT list

on plotter display. ALARM Same as ALARM key on the

display unit.

MARK ENT Same as MARK ENTRY soft

key. HIDE/SHOW Same as HIDE/SHOW key

on display unit.

CENTER Returns own ship to screen

center on plotter display. SK1 – SK5

(soft keys) Same as soft keys on

display unit.

CNTL Switches control between

displays on combination

displays.

ENT Same as ENTER knob on

display unit.

1. OPERATIONAL OVERVIEW

1-6

1.2 Inserting a Chart Card

Your unit reads FURUNO and Nav-Charts™ (NAVIONICS), or C-MAP chart

cards, depending on its specifications. Insert the appropriate chart card for your

area as follows:

1. Open the chart card slot lid.

Chart slot

Display unit

2. Insert desired chart card groove side up.

3. Close the lid to protect the chart drive.

Note 1: Do not insert or remove the chart card while turning power on. This may

cause the equipment to freeze.

Note 2: Do not remove a card while the chart is being drawn. This may cause

the equipment to freeze.

Note 3: A card remover is supplied to ease removal of chart cards. Attach the

card remover to the right-hand side hole on the card and pull to remove

card. You can leave the card remover attached to the card while the

card is in the card slot - push the card remover leftward until it contacts

the recessed area in the card.

Note 4: For multiple display units, do not use the same chart card type in more

than one display unit.

Chart card and card remover

1. OPERATIONAL OVERVIEW

1-7

1.3 Turning the Unit On/Off

Press the [POWER/BRILL] key to turn the unit on. A beep sounds and the

equipment proceeds in the sequence shown below, displaying the product

information screen, startup test results and the chart usage disclaimer, in that

order. The startup test checks the ROM, RAM, internal battery and backup data

for proper operation, displaying the results for each as OK or NG (No Good). If

NG appears, an appropriate message appears on the screen. For any NG, try to

press any key to go to the chart disclaimer screen, then perform the diagnostic

test referring to the paragraph “7.6 Diagnostics.”

RADAR PLOTTER

STATION NAME:

RADAR

FURUNO ELECTRIC CO., LTD.

CHARTS AVAILABLE

FLYBRDG = ANB01004

RADAR = ANB01003

STARTUP TEST

ROM OK

RAM OK

INTERNAL BATTERY OK

BACKUP DATA OK

NO NATIONAL HYDROGRAPHIC

OFFICE HAS VERIFIED THE

INFORMATION IN THIS

COASTLINE DATA CARD AND NONE

ACCEPT LIABILITY FOR THE

ACCURACY OF REPRODUCTION OR

ANY MODIFICATIONS MADE

THEREAFTER. THIS PRODUCT WITH

THIS COASTLINE DATA CARD

DOES NOT REPLACE THE

REQUIREMENT TO USE THE

APPROPRIATE PRODUCTS FOR

NAVIGATION ACCORDING TO

NATIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL

REGULATIONS.

Product information Startup test Chart disclaimer

PROGRAM No. 03591730**

Host Name

Chart List

** = Program version no.

(Two program version numbers.

One for NAVIO and one for C-MAP.)

The magnetron in the antenna unit takes about one minutes and thirty seconds

to warm up before the radar can be operated. The time remaining for warm up of

the magnetron appears at the center of the display, counting down from 1:30 to

0:01.

You may press any key at the chart disclaimer screen to show the last-used

display, or wait several seconds to let the equipment do it for you.

To turn the unit off, press and hold down the [POWER/BRILL] key until the

screen goes dark (approx. 3 sec.). To protect the LCD attach the hard cover.

Note that the network sounder will be turned off approx. three minutes after

turning off the power.

Note: You are asked if you want to start the simulation mode, which provides

simulated operation of the equipment, the first time you turn on the power

(or any time power is applied after a memory reset) the message shown

below is displayed. Push the [ENTER] knob to start the simulation mode,

or press the [CLEAR] key to start normal operation. For further details

about the simulation mode, see the paragraph “1.8 Simulation Display.”

START

SIMULATION MODE?

YES ... PUSH ENTER KNOB

NO ... PUSH CLEAR KEY

TO SKIP.

1. OPERATIONAL OVERVIEW

1-8

1.4 Cursor Pad, Cursor

The cursor pad mainly functions to shift the cursor, for measurement of range

and bearing to a location (radar) and latitude and longitude position (plotter).

Operate the cursor pad to shift the cursor. The cursor moves in the direction of

the arrow or diagonal pressed, on the cursor pad.

For the plotter display, the cursor can be turned off with the CENTER soft key.

This also returns own ship marker to the screen center.

34° 22. 3456'N 272.4°M TRIP NU

080° 22. 3456'E

15.9 nm 99.9 nm

GOTO

CURSOR

MODE

NTH UP

CENTER

MARK

ENTRY

Cursor data

L/L position,

Range and

bearing from

own ship to

cursor

Cursor

16.0nm

D. BOX

ON/ OFF

Cursor

Radar display Plotter display

.250/ 319.9

°M

.125nm

H-UP

359.9

0.24nm

RADAR

DISPLY

NAV

FUNC

ZOOM &

D. BOX

SIGNAL

PROC

TARGET

Cursor, cursor data

1. OPERATIONAL OVERVIEW

1-9

1.5 Display Brilliance, Panel Brilliance, Contrast,

Hue

You can adjust display brilliance, panel brilliance, contrast and hue

(MODEL1722C series only) as shown below.

1.5.1 Display brilliance, panel brilliance

1. Press the [POWER/BRILL] key momentarily. A set of soft keys for

adjustment of brilliance, contrast and hue (MODEL1722C series only) appear.

The last-used adjustment window appears. In the example below the display

brilliance adjustment window is shown.

.250/ 319.9

.125nm

H-UP

.250/ 319.9

.125nm

H-UP

MODEL1722C series MODEL1722 series

PANEL

BRILL

CONTST

/HUE

RETURN

DISPLAY BRILLIANCE

PANEL

BRILL

CONTST

BRILL

CONTST

RETURN

DISPLAY BRILLIANCE

Current selection is higtlighted.

DISPLY

BRILL DISPLY

BRILL

RADAR

STBY RADAR

STBY

BRILL

CONTST

Brilliance adjustment soft keys

2. Press the DISPLY BRILL or PANEL BRILL soft key as appropriate. An

adjustment window appears at the bottom of the screen. This window shows

the name of the item selected for adjustment plus current brilliance level, by

bar graph.

DISPLAY BRILLIANCE

PANEL BRILLIANCE

Display brilliance Panel brilliance

Display brilliance and panel brilliance windows

3. Adjust the [ENTER] knob, clockwise to raise the setting or counterclockwise

to decrease it. You may also use the soft key pressed at step 2, in which

case the item selected is adjusted cyclically, from low to high. Eight levels of

display brilliance and panel brilliance are available.

4. Hit the RETURN soft key to finish.

The display brilliance can be adjusted by pressing the [POWER/BRILL] key.

If the unit is turned on with minimum display brilliance, press the

[POWER/BRILL] key consecutively to adjust the brilliance.

1. OPERATIONAL OVERVIEW

1-10

1.5.2 Contrast

1. Press the [POWER/BRILL] key momentarily.

2. Press the CONTST (monochrome) or CONTST/HUE (color) soft key.

3. For MODEL1722C series, two soft keys appear at the pressing of the

CONTST/HUE soft key: CONTST and HUE. Press the CONTST soft key to

adjust the contrast.

CONTRAST

Contrast window

4. Adjust the [ENTER] knob, clockwise to raise the setting or counterclockwise

to decrease it. You may also use the CONTST soft key, in which case the

item selected is adjusted cyclically, from low to high. 16 levels (monochrome)

and 10 levels (color) of contrast are available.

5. Press the RETURN soft key to finish.

1.5.3 Hue (MODEL1722C series)

1. Press the [POWER/BRILL] key momentary.

2. Press the CONTST/HUE soft key.

3. Press the HUE soft key to show the hue setting window.

HUE

▲

DAY

NIGHT

TWILIGHT

MANUAL SET

▼

Hue window

4. Operate the cursor pad or [ENTER] knob to select hue desired, referring to

the table below. MANUAL SET follows the color settings on the RADAR

DISPLAY SETUP for the radar, CHART DETAILS menu for the plotter and

SOUNDER MENU for the sounder.

Day Night Twilight Applicable mode

Characters Black Red Green Plotter, radar, sounder

Radar ring Green* Red Green* Radar

Radar echo Orange Red Yellow Radar

Background White Black Blue Plotter, radar

Landmass Yellow Light Yellow Dim Yellow Radar

*: Red on C-map

5. Hit the RETURN soft key to finish.

Note: When using the overlay screen, the own ship track will be hidden if the

radar background and own ship track are blue and the “MANUAL” hue

setting is used. In this case, set HUE to other position and then return to

“MANUAL” to show the own ship track in black.

1. OPERATIONAL OVERVIEW

1-11

1.6 Selecting a Display

1.6.1 Display modes

If you have a navigator and network sounder connected, four full-screen displays

are available: radar, plotter, and video sounder and navigation data.

(MODEL1722C series have five screens, those mentioned above plus the

overlay screen.) In addition to the full-screen display, you can divide the screen

into half-screen combination displays to show two sets of images (data).

Full screen

(Ex. radar) Combination screen

(Ex. radar + sounder) Overlay screen

(Radar and plotter,

color model only.

Requires L/L data)

Display screens

The table below shows the displays available with each screen type.

Screen type and available display screen

Full screen Combination screen

options Overlay screen options

(Color series only)

Radar, plotter, sounder,

nav data Radar, plotter, echo

sounder, compass,

highway,

compass/highway, nav

data, overlay

Radar + plotter

1. OPERATIONAL OVERVIEW

1-12

1.6.2 Selecting a display

1. Press the [DISP] key to show the full-screen selection window. The icons of

modes not available are marked with “X” mark. PAGE1-PAGE5 are

user-arrangeable displays called “hot pages,” which you can configure as you

like. For further details, see “5.5 Hot Page Setup.”

PAGE1 PAGE2 PAGE3 PAGE4 PAGE5

RADAR PLOT SNDR NAV OVRLY

· TURN KNOB TO SELECT MODE

AND PUSH KNOB TO ENTER.

· PUSH ANY SOFT KEY TO

SELECT IMAGE SOURCE.

Basic display

screens

Hot pages

Full-screen selection window (“overlay” for color model)

2. Rotate the [ENTER] knob to select a basic display screen or a hot page

screen.

3. Push the [ENTER] knob. If you selected a basic display screen, a set of

combination display screens corresponding to the basic display screen that

was selected appear. In the example below, radar combination displays are

shown.

PUSH ENTER KNOB.

Radar combination screen selection window

4. Operate the [ENTER] knob to select the combination screen display desired

and push it to set.

1. OPERATIONAL OVERVIEW

1-13

1.6.3 Switching control in combination and overlay screens

A soft key is provided in relevant combination and overlay screens (color series

only) to switch control between displays. In the example below, the RADAR

CNTRL and PLOTTR CNTRL soft keys enable switching control between the

radar and plotter screens in the plotter/radar combination display.

359.9° R

11.7nm

FISH

WP-002

34° 22. 3456'N 359.9°

TRIP

080° 22. 3456'E

19.9 kt 99.9 nm

MARK

ENTRY

MODE

NTH UP

NAV

POS

PLOTTR

CCNTRL

PLOTTR

CNTRL

CNTL

RADAR

CNTRL

To adjust

plotter

To adjust

radar

Radar display selected Plotter display selected

16.0nm

3nm

H-UP

359.9° R

11.7nm

FISH

WP-002

34° 22. 3456'N 359.9°

TRIP

080° 22. 3456'E

19.9 kt 99.9 nm

16.0nm

3nm

H-UP

SIGNAL

PROC.

RADAR

CNTRL

RADAR

DISPLY

NAV

FUNC

TARGET

ST-BY ST-BY

How to switch control between modes in the plotter/radar combination display

1. OPERATIONAL OVERVIEW

1-14

1.6.4 Selecting radar source

When other network radar is connected to the equipment, you may select an

image source as shown below. This is not necessary when no other network

radar is connected. Select one host name for the source though there are two or

three radar units on the net.

Note: Turn the power off whenever changing the source.

1. Press the [DISP] key.

2. Press any soft key to show the following display.

RADAR SOURCE

RADAR - - -

SOUNDER SOURCE*

SOUNDER-

IP ADDRESS

172.031.003.001

HOST NAME

RADAR - - -

▲

SELECT

SOURCE

EDIT

RETURN

IF THERE IS MORE THAN

ONE NETWORK RADAR OR

ECHO SOUNDER, YOU MAY

SELECT THE IMAGE

SOURCES FOR DISPLAY.

*: Do not change this setting.

Select source menu

3. Use the cursor pad to select RADAR SOURCE and press the EDIT key.

RADAR SOURCE

RADAR - - -

Radar source

Radar source and sounder source windows

4. Use the cursor pad and [ENTER] knob to enter source host name: ◄ or ► to

select position and rotate the [ENTER] knob to select character.

5. Press the [ENTER] soft key or [ENTER] knob.

6. Confirm that the correct host name is entered.

7. Press the [DISP] key to finish.

8. Turn the power off and on again.

Note: Sources names are determined at installation. For example, the source

names for radars in a two radar system might be “RADAR” and

“RADAR1”.

1. OPERATIONAL OVERVIEW

1-15

1.7 Data Boxes

Data boxes, providing navigation data, may be shown on any full-screen display.

Up to six data boxes (two in case of large characters) may be shown, and the

default data boxes are position (in latitude and longitude), course over ground,

speed over ground, trip log and cursor position. The user may choose which

data to display, where to locate it, and show or hide it as desired. In addition,

data boxes may be set independently for each display mode (radar, plotter,

sounder). For how to select data for the data boxes, see paragraph “5.5 Data

Boxes Setup”.

.250/ 319.9

°M

.125nm

H-UP

Data boxes

MODE

NTH UP

NAV

POS

MARK

ENTRY

D.BOX

ON /OFF

TRIP LOG

177nm

POSITION

58.535'N

122

36.496'W

COG

323.6

SOG

20.0

350.4

0.000 nm

Plotter display, showing data boxes

1.7.1 Showing, hiding data boxes with soft key

Radar: ZOOM & D. BOX → D. BOX ON/OFF (EBL/VRM data box, cursor data

box also shown/hidden)

Plotter: D. BOX ON/OFF

Sounder: AUTO/D. BOX→D. BOX ON/OFF

1.7.2 Rearranging data boxes

You may select the location for data boxes as follows:

1. Using the cursor pad, move the cursor to the data box you wish to move. As

the cursor enters the box it changes to a hand. Push the [ENTER] knob, and

the hand changes to a fist, meaning the box is correctly selected.

2. Use the cursor pad to drag the data box to the location desired and push the

[ENTER] knob.

1.7.3 Temporarily erasing a data box

You may temporarily erase a data box. Use the cursor pad to place the cursor

inside the data box you wish to erase and press the [CLEAR] key. To redisplay

the box, press the ZOOM & D.BOX soft key D.BOX soft key to display it.

1. OPERATIONAL OVERVIEW

1-16

1.8 Function Keys

The function keys provide for one-touch call up of a desired function. The default

function key settings are as shown in the table below.

Default Setting, Key Label Function

Key Radar Plotter Echosounder

#1 Heading line on/off,

HL Track on/off, TRK TLL output, TLL

#2 Rings on/off, RNG Edit mark/line, EML Clutter, CLT

#3 Echo trail, TRL Ruler, RUL Signal level, SLV

#4 Offcenter, SFT Add new waypoint,

ADD Noise limiter, NL

#5 Radar source, RSR Waypoint

alphanumeric list,

ALP

Picture advance, PA

1.8.1 Executing a function

1. Press the [HIDE/SHOW] key to replace the preset soft key labels with the

function key labels.

34° 22. 3456'N 359.9°

TRIP

080° 22. 3456'E

19.9 kt 99.9 nm

BRIDGE

FISH

002WP

Function

keys

Plotter

16.0nm

.250/ 319.9

°M

.125nm

H-UP

Function

keys

TARGET

359.9°R

0.24nm

Radar

Function keys

2. Press function key desired.

Note: Function keys can be individually programmed for the radar, plotter and

sounder displays. For further details see the following:

Radar: paragraph 5.2.3

Plotter: paragraph 5.3.2

1. OPERATIONAL OVERVIEW

1-17

1.9 Simulation Display

The simulation display, for use by service technicians for demonstration

purposes, provides simulated operation to help acquaint you with the many

features your unit has to offer. It allows you to view and control a simulated

plotter, radar and sounder picture, without position-fixing equipment, network

radar or a network sounder. Most controls are operative, thus you may practice

setting destination, enter waypoints, measure range and bearing to a target, etc.

The simulation icon (

) appears when any simulation mode is active.

To start the simulation display;

1. Press the [MENU] key.

2. Press the SYSTEM CONFIGURATION, SYSTEM SETUP and SIMULATION

SETUP soft keys in that order.

SIM

SETUP

EDIT

RETURN

RADAR

LIVE

PLOTTER

LIVE

SOUNDER

LIVE

SPEED

00.0kt

COURSE

000.0°

LATITUDE

45°35.000’N

LONGITUDE

123°00.000’W

START DATE & TIME

00:00 01.APR.01

RADAR SIMULATION DATA

Simulation setup menu

2. Follow appropriate procedure shown below.

Radar

Internally generated echoes

1. Select RADAR, then press the EDIT soft key.

RADAR

▲SIMULATION 1

SIMULATION 2

LIVE

▼

2. Select SIMULATION 1 and press the [ENTER] knob.

3. Press the [MENU] key to close the menu.

1. OPERATIONAL OVERVIEW

1-18

Antenna unit-generated echoes

1. Select RADAR SIMULATION DATA, then press the EDIT soft key.

2. Select YES and push the [ENTER] knob to erase simulation data and get

new data. The message “Now getting demo data. Do not turn off display

unit.” appears while the unit is receiving radar data.

Note: If the network radar could not be found “Radar source is not found.

Cannot get demo data.” appears. Wait one minute after the message

disappears. Actual time may be longer depending on the system

configuration. And if the radar is not active, the message “Radar is not

active. Cannot get demo data.” is displayed. Check that the radar is

plugged in and its signal cable is firmly fastened.

3. Select RADAR, then press the EDIT soft key.

4. Select SIMULATION 2, then press the [ENTER] knob.

5. Press the [MENU] key to close the menu.

Plotter

1. Select PLOTTER, then press the EDIT soft key.

PLOTTER

▲SIMULATION

LIVE

▼

2. Select SIMULATION, then press the [ENTER] knob.

3. Select SPEED and press the EDIT soft key.

4. Enter speed (setting range, 0-99 kt, default speed, 0 kt) with the

alphanumeric keys and push the [ENTER] knob.

5. Select COURSE and press the EDIT key.

6. Select “8 FIGURE” to trace the simulated ship’s track in a figure-eight course,

or enter your own course at DIRECTION. Use the trackball to select digit and

enter value with the alphanumeric keys.

7. Press the ENTER soft key.

8. Select LATITUDE and press the EDIT soft key.

9. Enter latitude (setting range, 85

N-85

S, default setting, 45

35.000’N) and

push the [ENTER] knob.

10. Select LONGITUDE and press the EDIT soft key.

11. Enter longitude (setting range, 180

E-180

W, default setting, 125

00.000’W)

and push the [ENTER] knob.

12. Select START DATE & TIME and push the EDIT soft key.

13. Enter start date and time and push the [ENTER] knob.

14. Press the [MENU] key to close the menu.

1. OPERATIONAL OVERVIEW

1-19

Sounder

1. Select SOUNDER, then press the EDIT soft key.

SOUNDER

▲SIMULATION 1

SIMULATION 2

LIVE

▼

2. Select SIMULATION 1 (internally generated echoes) or SIMULATION 2

(network sounder-generated echoes), then press the [ENTER] knob.

Note 1: If the network sounder could not be found “Sounder source is not

found. Cannot get simulation data.” appears. And if the sounder is

not active, the message “Sounder is not active. Cannot get

simulation data.” is displayed. Check that the sounder is plugged in

and its signal cable is firmly fastened.

Note 2: The gain, shift, range and mode of the SIMULATION 1 mode picture

cannot be adjusted.

3. Press the [MENU] key to close the menu.

2-1

2. RADAR OPERATION

This chapter covers radar operation, including the ARP (Automatic Plotter)

function. ARP requires connection of MODEL1833/1833C series network radar

equipped with the ARP circuit board.

2.1 Radar Display

Cursor

359.9°R

0.18nm

H-UP

. / 319.9

°M

.125nm

TRAIL 30m

02m30s

G1 IN

G2 OUT

ES L

EAV L

IR L

.250

Range/

range ring

interval

Presentation

mode

Alarm icon

Battery icon

Zoom area

Zoom

window

Guard zone 1

Trail time

Trail elapsed time

Guard zone 1

Guard zone 2

Echo stretch

Echo averaging*

Interference rejector

Guard zone 2

VRM2

EBL1

VRM1

EBL2

Range ring

Pulselength

Heading

M: Magnetic

T: True

Heading line

EBL1 range

VRM1 range

Cursor range

and bearing

(Cursor position may

also be shown, in

L/L or Loran C TD.)

EBL2 bearing, VRM2 range

EBL1

27.0°R

VRM1

0 .158nm

EBL2

327.1°R

VRM2

0 .225nm

* = Radar source

Model 1833/1833C

series radar

Own ship vector*

(ARP-equipped model,

true vector mode)

North marker

Radar display

2. RADAR OPERATION

2-2

2.2 Transmitting, Stand-by

1. Turn the power on. The products information appears and is then followed by

the radar screen. You can display the radar screen at once by pressing the

any key.

2. Press the [POWER/BRILL] key momentarily.

3. Press the RADAR STBY soft key to highlight TX on its label.

4. When the radar picture is not required, but you want to keep it in a state of

readiness, press the [POWER/BRILL] key momentarily followed by RADAR

TX soft key.

5. Press the RETURN soft key to finish.

2.3 Tuning

The radar receiver can be tuned automatically or manually, and the default

tuning method is automatic. To adjust manually or switch to automatic tuning, do

the following:

1. Press the [MENU] key to display the main menu.

2. Press the RADAR DISPLAY SETUP soft key.

3. Select TUNING and press the EDIT soft key.

AUTO

MAN

TUNING

Tuning bar

Tuning window

4. Choose MAN or AUTO as appropriate.

5. For manual tuning, adjust the [ENTER] knob until the tuning bar is at its

longest position.

6. Press the RETURN soft key.

7. Press the [MENU] key to close the menu.

Note: If the auto setting does not provide satisfactory tuning, see the installation

manual for how to adjust tuning.

2.4 Adjusting the Gain

The [GAIN] key adjusts the sensitivity of the radar receiver. It works in a manner

similar to the volume control of a broadcast receiver, which amplifies received

signals.

The proper setting is such that the background noise is just visible on the screen.

If your gain setting is too low, weak echoes may be missed. On the other hand

excessive gain yields too much background noise; strong targets may be missed

because of the poor contrast between desired echoes and the background noise

on the display.

2. RADAR OPERATION

2-3

To adjust the receiver gain, transmit on long range, and then do the following:

1. Press the [GAIN] key. The last-used “adjustment window” is displayed. In the

example below, the gain sensitivity adjustment is shown.

.250/ 319.9

.125nm

H-UP

GAIN

ADJUST

359.9

0.24nm

GAIN

A/C

SEA

A/C

RAIN

FTC

RETURN

GAIN SENSITIVITY

AUTO ROUGH

AUTO MODERATE

AUTO CALM

MAN

Item selected for adjustment is highlighted.

Gain adjustment soft keys

2. If the gain sensitivity window is not displayed, press the GAIN soft key to

show it.

GAIN SENSITIVITY

AUTO ROUGH

AUTO MODERATE

AUTO CALM

MAN 0

Gain sensitivity window

3. Press ▲ or ▼ to select AUTO ROUGH, AUTO MODERATE, AUTO CALM,

or MAN (manual) as appropriate. Select an AUTO option according to the

sea state.

4. For manual adjustment, rotate the [ENTER] knob to adjust. The range of

adjustment is 0-100(%).

5. Press the [GAIN] key on the front panel or the RETURN soft key to finish.

2. RADAR OPERATION

2-4

2.5 Reducing Sea Clutter

2.5.1 How the A/C SEA works

Echoes from waves can be troublesome, covering the central part of the display

with random signals known as “sea clutter”. The higher the waves and the higher

the antenna is above the water, the further the clutter will extend. Sea clutter

may affect radar performance because real targets are sometimes hidden by the

echoes of small waves. (See the left-hand figure in the figure below.) When sea

clutter masks the picture, adjust the A/C SEA to reduce the clutter.

The A/C SEA reduces the amplification of echoes at short ranges (where clutter

is the greatest) and progressively increases amplification as the range increases,

so amplification will be normal at those ranges where there is no sea clutter.

A/C SEA adjusted;

sea clutter suppressed

Sea clutter at

screen center

Effect of A/C SEA

2.5.2 Adjusting A/C SEA

A/C SEA should be adjusted so that the clutter is broken up into small dots, and

small targets become distinguishable.

1. Press the [GAIN] key.

2. Press the A/C SEA soft key to show the A/C SEA setting window.

A/C SEA

AUTO ROUGH

AUTO MODERATE

AUTO CALM

MAN

Model 1722/C series radar

A/C SEA

Model 1833/C series radar

A/C SEA setting window

3. When the radar source is the Model 1722/C series radar, press ▲ or ▼ to

select AUTO ROUGH, AUTO MODERATE, AUTO CALM, or MAN (manual)

as appropriate. Select an AUTO option according to sea state.

4. For manual adjustment, rotate the [ENTER] knob to adjust while observing

radar echoes. The range of adjustment is 0-100(%). Do not overadjust the

A/C SEA – weak target echoes may be missed.

2. RADAR OPERATION

2-5

5. When the radar source is the Model 1833/C series radar, A/C SEA and

A/C RAIN can be automatically adjusted. Press the A/C AT soft key to select

ON or OFF as appropriate. When turned on, it overrides A/C SEA and A/C

RAIN settings.

6. Press the [GAIN] key on the front panel or RETURN soft key to finish.

2.6 Reducing Precipitation Clutter

The vertical beamwidth of the antenna is designed to see surface targets even

when the ship is rolling. However, by this design the unit will also detect rain

clutter (rain, snow, hail, etc.) in the same manner as normal targets. Precipitation

clutter shows as random dots on the screen.

2.6.1 Adjusting the A/C RAIN

When echoes from precipitation mask solid targets, adjust the A/C RAIN. This

split up these unwanted echoes into a speckled pattern, making recognition of

solid targets easier.

1. Press the [GAIN] key.

2. Press the A/C RAIN soft key to show the A/C RAIN window.

A/C RAIN

A/C RAIN setting window

3. Rotate the [ENTER] knob to adjust the A/C RAIN affect. The current level is

shown on the A/C RAIN level bar in the A/C RAIN window, and the range of

adjustment is 0 to 100(%). Do not overadjust the A/C RAIN – weak target

echoes may be missed.

4. Press the [GAIN] key on the front panel or RETURN soft key to finish.

2. RADAR OPERATION

2-6

2.6.2 Adjusting the FTC

To suppress rain clutter from heavy storms or scattered rain clutter, adjust the

FTC. The FTC splits up these unwanted echoes into a speckled pattern, making

recognition of solid targets easier.

Note: In addition to reducing clutter, the FTC can be used in fine weather to

clarify the picture when navigating in confined waters. However, with the

circuit active the receiver is less sensitive. Therefore, turn off the FTC, by

setting it for “0”, when its function is not required.

FTC is available when the radar source is the MODEL1722 series radar.

1. Press the [GAIN] key.

2. Press the FTC soft key to show the FTC window.

FTC

FTC setting window

3. Rotate the [ENTER] knob to adjust. The range of adjustment is 0-100(%). Do

not overadjust the FTC – weak target echoes may be missed.

4. Press the [GAIN] key on the front panel or RETURN soft key to finish.

2. RADAR OPERATION

2-7

2.7 Range Scale

The range setting determines the size of the area (in nautical miles) that will

appear on your display. in addition, the range setting will also automatically

adjust the range ring interval so that accurate range measurements may be

made while operating on any range setting.

The range, range ring interval and pulselength appear at the top left-hand corner

of the display.

Press the [RANGE (+ or -)] key to change the range scale.

Range scales (nm, sm)

Range 0.125 0.25 0.5 0.75 1 1.5 2 3 4 6 8 12 16 24 36 48 64

Ring

Interval 0.0625 0.125 0.125 0.25 0.25 0.5 0.5 1 1 2 2 3 4 6 12 12 16

No. of

Rings 2 2 4 3 4 3 4 3 4 3 4 4 4 4 3 4 4

Range scales (km)

Range 0.25 0.5 0.75 1 1.5 2 3 4 6 8 12 16 24 36 48 64

Ring

Interval 0.125 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.5 0.5 1 1 2 2 3 4 6 12 12 16

No. of

Rings 2 2 3 4 3 4 3 4 3 4 4 4 4 3 4 4

Note 1: Maximum range depends on the network radar as shown below.

Model 1722, 1722C: 24 nm

Model 1732, 1732C, 1742, 1742C, 1752, 1752C, 1833, 1833C: 36 nm

Model 1762, 1762C, 1933, 1933C: 48 nm

Model 1943, 1943C: 64 nm

Note 2: You may choose which ranges to use from the RADAR RANGE SETUP

menu. For details see paragraph 5.2.2.

2. RADAR OPERATION

2-8

2.8 Pulselength

The pulselength in use is displayed at the upper left corner of the display.

Appropriate pulselengths are preset to individual range scales. Therefore, you

are not usually required to select them. If you are not satisfied with the current

pulselength setting, however, it is possible to change it for the 1.5 and 3 nm (sm)

ranges (3 and 6 kilometer ranges) as below. Generally, select a longer pulse for

longer detection range and shorter pulse for better range discrimination.

1.5 nm, 1.5 sm, 3 km: Short pulse, medium pulse

3 nm, 3 sm, 6 km: Middle pulse, long pulse

1. Press HIDE/SHOW to show soft the radar soft keys.

2. Set the range to 1.5 or 3 nm, whichever you want to set.

3. Press the SIGNAL PROC. soft key.

1.5/ 319.9

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H-UP

SIGNAL

PROCESS

359.9

1.40nm

RETURN

E. AVG

OFF

I. REJ

LOW

PULSE

SHORT

E. STR

LOW

Shown when radar

source is the Model

1833/C series

network radar. Not

shown otherwise.

Signal process soft keys

3. Press the PULSE soft key to select the pulselength setting. SHORT or

MEDIUM for 1.5 nm, 1.5 sm, 3 km and MEDIUM or LONG for 3 nm, 3 sm, 6

km.

4. Press the RETURN soft key to finish.

2. RADAR OPERATION

2-9

2.9 Presentation Mode

This unit provides four radar presentation modes: head-up, course-up, north-up

and true motion.

Heading data is required for modes other than head-up. (When you use the

network radar, input the radar source.)

2.9.1 Selecting a presentation mode

1. Press HIDE/SHOW to show soft the radar soft keys.

2. Press the RADAR DISPLY soft key to show the RADAR DISPLAY soft keys.

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H-UP

RADAR

DISPLAY

359.9

0.24nm

SHIFT

OFF

RETURN

MODE

HD UP

RINGS

ON /OFF

RADAR

DISPLAY

359.9

0.24nm

SHIFT

OFF

RETURN

MODE

HD UP

RINGS

MED

MODEL1722C series MODEL1722 series

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.125nm

H-UP

Current

mode

setting

Radar display soft keys

3. Press the MODE soft key. Each pressing of the key changes the presentation

mode and the presentation mode indication in the sequence of North-up,

True Motion, Head-up, and Course-up.

4. Press the RETURN soft key to finish.

Note: When heading data is lost, the presentation mode automatically goes to

head-up, the heading indication at the screen top shows “- - -.-°” and the

audio alarm sounds. Press the [ALARM] key to acknowledge the alarm.

The message “HEADING DATA MISSING” appears. Restore compass

signal to show heading indication. Use the MODE soft key to select

presentation mode if necessary. The audio alarm may be silenced with the

[CLEAR] key.

2. RADAR OPERATION

2-10

2.9.2 Description of presentation modes

Head-up (HU)

A display without azimuth stabilization in which the line connecting the center

with the top of the display indicates own ship’s heading. The targets are painted

at their measured distances and in their directions relative to own ship’s heading.

The short line on the bearing scale is the north marker.

Heading Line

North Marker

Head-up presentation mode

Course-up (CU)

The radar picture is stabilized and displayed with the currently selected course at

the top of the screen. As you change heading, the ship’s heading marker moves.

If you select a new course, the picture resets to display the new course at the

top of the display.

Heading Line

North Marker

Course-up presentation mode

2. RADAR OPERATION

2-11

North-up (NU)

In the north-up mode, targets are painted at their measured distances and in

their true (compass) directions from own ship. North is maintained at the top of

the screen. The heading line changes its direction according to the ship’s

heading.

Heading Line

North

North-up presentation mode

True motion (TM)

Fixed radar targets maintain a constant position on the screen, while your own

ship moves across the radar image at the correct speed and heading. A map-like

image is displayed, with all moving vessels traveling in true perspective to each

other and to fixed landmasses. As your ship’s position approaches the edge of

the screen, the radar display is automatically reset to reveal the area ahead of

your ship. You can manually reset your ship’s position at any time by pressing

the RADAR DISPLAY soft key followed by the SHIFT soft key.

Heading Line

North

True motion presentation mode

2. RADAR OPERATION

2-12

2.10 Measuring the Range

You can measure the range to a radar target three ways: by the range rings, by

the cursor, and by the VRM (Variable Range Marker).

2.10.1 Measuring range by range rings

Count the number of rings between the center of the display and the target.

Check the range ring interval and judge the distance of the echo from the inner

edge of the nearest ring.

To turn the range rings on, do the following:

1. If not displayed, press the [HIDE/SHOW] key to show the radar soft keys.

2. Press the RADAR DISPLY soft key.

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°M

.125nm

H-UP

RADAR

DISPLAY

359.9

0.24nm

SHIFT

OFF

RETURN

MODE

HD UP

RINGS

ON /OFF

RADAR

DISPLAY

359.9

0.24nm

SHIFT

OFF

RETURN

MODE

HD UP

RINGS

MED

MODEL1722C series MODEL1722 series

.250/ 319.9

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H-UP

Radar display soft keys

3. Press the RINGS soft key to select ON (MODEL1722 series) or desired

brilliance (MODEL1722C series) among LOW, MED and HIGH.

4. Press the RETURN soft key to finish.

2. RADAR OPERATION

2-13

2.10.2 Measuring range by cursor

Operate the cursor pad to place the cursor intersection on the inside edge of the

radar target. The range to the target, as well as the bearing, appears to the right

of “+” at the bottom of the display.

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.125nm

H-UP

+ 4.3

0.240nm

SIGNAL

PROC.

RADAR

DISPLY

NAV

FUNC

TARGET

ZOOM &

D. BOX

Cursor

Target

Bearing and range from own

ship to cursor position

How to measure range and bearing to a target with the cursor

2. RADAR OPERATION

2-14

2.10.3 Measuring range by VRM

1. Press the [EBL/VRM] key to display the EBL/VRM soft keys.

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H-UP

EBL

VRM

359.9°R

0.240nm

EBL1

VRM1

OFFSET

EBL2

VRM2

EBL/VRM soft keys

2. Press the VRM1 ON (dotted ring VRM) or VRM2 ON (dashed ring VRM) soft

key to select the desired VRM. The selected VRM’s indication, at the bottom

of the screen, is highlighted.

3. Rotate the [ENTER] knob the place the VRM on the inside edge of a radar

target. Read the VRM indication to find range to the target.

4. You may hide the EBL/VRM soft keys by pressing the [EBL/VRM] key.

.250/ 319.9

.125nm

H-UP

VRM1

(Dotted line)

VRM2

(Dashed line)

VRM1 range

VRM2 range

Active marker is highlighted.

359.9°R

0.240nm

EBL

VRM

EBL1

---.-°R

VRM1

0.119nm

EBL2

---.-°R

VRM2

0.242nm

VRM1

OFFSET

EBL2

VRM2

How to measure range with the VRM

2. RADAR OPERATION

2-15

2.10.4 Erasing a VRM, VRM indication

Press appropriate VRM soft key and press the [CLEAR] key. The VRM is erased,

and its indication becomes blank.

2.10.5 Erasing EBL/VRM data boxes

Press the EBL or VRM soft key associated with the EBL/VRM data box you wish

to erase. Press the [CLEAR] key once or twice to erase the data box.

2.10.6 Hiding EBL/VRM data boxes

Press the ZOOM & D. BOX and D. BOX ON/OFF soft keys to show or hide the

EBL/VRM data boxes.

2.10.7 Moving EBL/VRM data boxes

When an EBL/VRM data box is obscuring a target that you need to see, you can

move it to another location as shown below. This cannot be done when the

EBL/VRM soft keys are shown.

1. Press the [EBL/VRM] key to erase the EBL/VRM soft keys if shown.

2. Using the cursor pad, place the cursor inside the data box you wish to move.

As the cursor enters the box it changes to a “hand.” Push the [ENTER] knob,

and the hand changes to a fist, meaning the data box is correctly selected.

3. Use the cursor pad to drag the data box to the location desired and push the

[ENTER] knob.

2.11 Measuring the Bearing

There are two ways to measure the bearing to a target: by the cursor, and by the

EBL (Electronic bearing Line).

2.11.1 Measuring bearing by cursor

Use the cursor pad to locate the cursor to the center of the target The bearing to

the target appears in the range and bearing box at the bottom right-hand corner

on the screen, next to the “+” mark.

2.11.2 Measuring bearing by EBL

1. Press the [EBL/VRM] key.

2. Press the EBL1 ON (dotted line EBL) or EBL2 ON (dashed line EBL) soft key

to select the desired EBL. The selected EBL’s indication, at the bottom of the

screen, is highlighted.

3. Rotate the [ENTER] knob to bisect the radar target with the EBL. Read the

EBL indication to find the bearing to the target

4. You may hide the EBL/VRM soft keys by pressing the [EBL/VRM] key.

2. RADAR OPERATION

2-16

.250/ 319.9

.125nm

H-UP

EBL1

(Dotted line)

EBL2

(Dashed line)

EBL2 bearing

Active marker is highlighted.

359.9°R

0.24nm

EBL1 bearing

R: Relative

T: True

EBL

VRM

EBL1

330.1°R

VRM1

-.---nm

EBL2

234.1°R

VRM2

-.---nm

EBL1

VRM1

OFFSET

EBL2

VRM2

How to measure bearing with the EBL

Note: Bearing can be shown Relative to ship’s heading (relative) or in reference

to North (True). This setting may be changed by changing the EBL

REFERENCE setting, which is in the RADAR DISPLAY SETUP menu.

See the paragraph “5.2.1 Radar display setup.”

2.11.3 Erasing an EBL, EBL indication

Press appropriate EBL soft key and press the [CLEAR] key. The EBL is erased

and its indication becomes blank.

2.11.4 Erasing EBL/VRM data boxes

Press the EBL or VRM soft key associated with the EBL/VRM data box you wish

to erase. Press the [CLEAR] key once or twice to erase the data box.

2.11.5 Hiding EBL/VRM data boxes

Press the ZOOM & D. BOX and D. BOX ON/OFF soft keys to show or hide the

EBL/VRM data boxes.

2.11.6 Moving EBL/VRM data boxes

When an EBL/VRM data box is obscuring a target that you need to see, you can

move it to another location as shown below. This cannot be done when the

EBL/VRM soft keys are shown.

1. Press the [EBL/VRM] key to erase the EBL/VRM soft keys if appears.

2. Using the cursor pad, place the cursor inside the data box you wish to move.

As the cursor enters the box it changes to a “hand.” Push the [ENTER] knob,

and the hand changes to a fist, meaning the data box is correctly selected.

3. Use the cursor pad to drag the data box to the location desired and push the

[ENTER] knob.

2. RADAR OPERATION

2-17

2.12 Erasing the Heading Line, North Marker

The heading line indicates the ship's heading in all presentation modes. The

heading line is a line from the own ship position to the outer edge of the radar

display area and appears at zero degrees on the bearing scale in head-up

mode; it changes its orientation depending on the ship orientation in north-up,

course-up and true motion modes.

The north marker appears as a short dashed line. In the head-up and course-up

modes the north marker moves around the bearing scale as the ship’s heading

moves.

To temporarily erase the heading line and north marker, press the RADAR

DISPLY soft key followed by the HL OFF soft key. Release the key to redisplay

the markers.

2.13 Reducing Noise

Noise, appearing on the displays as random “speckles,” can be reduced as

follows:

1. Press the [MENU] key to open the menu.

2. Press the RADAR DISPLAY SETUP soft key.

3. Select NOISE REJECTION and press the EDIT soft key.

4. Select OFF, HIGH or LOW as appropriate.

5. Press the ENTER soft key or the [ENTER] knob.

6. Press the [MENU] key to close the menu.

2. RADAR OPERATION

2-18

2.14 Reducing Radar Interference

Radar interference may occur when near another shipborne radar that is

operating in the same frequency band as your radar. Its on-screen appearance

looks like many bright dots either scattered at random or in the form of dotted

lines extending from the center to the edge of the display. Interference effects

are distinguishable from normal echoes because they do not appear in the same

place on successive rotations of the scanner.

Be sure to turn off the interference rejection circuit when no interference exists –

weak targets may be missed.

Radar interference

1. If not displayed, press the [HIDE/SHOW] key to show the radar soft keys.

2. Press the SIGNAL PROC. soft key.

1.5/ 319.9

.500nm

H-UP

SIGNAL

PROCESS

359.9

0.240nm

RETURN

E. AVG

OFF

I. REJ

LOW

PULSE

SHORT

E. STR

LOW

Shown when radar

source is the Model

1833/C series

network radar. Not

shown otherwise.

Signal process soft keys

3. Press the I. REJ soft key to choose the interference rejection level desired;

LOW, MED, HIGH or OFF.

4. Press the RETURN soft key to finish.

The display shows IR L (Low), IR M (Medium) or IR H (High) when the

interference rejecter is on.

2. RADAR OPERATION

2-19

2.15 Zoom

The zoom feature allows you to double the size of the area selected with the

zoom circle, which appears at the bottom right- or left-hand corner on the display.

The zoom feature is available on any range but is inoperative in true motion and

when the display is shifted.

2.15.1 Zooming in on radar targets

1. If not displayed, press the [HIDE/SHOW] key to show the radar soft keys.

2. Press the ZOOM & D. BOX soft key to show ZOOM & D. BOX soft keys.

3. Press the ZOOM ON/OFF soft key to select ON. A solid circle, called the

“zoom circle,” appears on the display.

4. Use the cursor pad to set the cursor where you want to zoom.

5. Press the CURSOR FLOAT soft key to fix the zoom cursor position. (The

solid circle changes to a dashed one.)

6. To release the cursor, press the CURSOR FLOAT soft key. (The dashed

circle changes to a solid one.) Relocate the zoom cursor, then press the

CURSOR LOCK key.

7. To quit the zoom function, press the ZOOM ON/OFF soft key to select OFF.

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H-UP

Zoom circle

Zoom window

001.0

0.160nm

ZOOM &

D. BOX

ARPA

TGT ZM

RETURN

ZOOM

ON /OFF

D. BOX

ON/OFF

CURSOR

FLOAT

Requires optional

ARP Board in

1833/1833C series

network radar.

Not shown when

radar source is

otherwise.

Zoom

2.15.2 Zooming ARP, TTM targets

You may zoom in on TTM targets coming into the display. TTM targets can come

from a NAVNET connected RADAR, or from other ARP RADAR that is

outputting the TTM message. Note: TTM stands for Tracked Target Message. It

is a NMEA 0183 data sentence that is an available output from some ARP

capable RADAR. TTM target numbers must be displayed to zoom in on tracked

targets. This can be done by enabling the target ID number option in the ARP

setup menu.

2. RADAR OPERATION

2-20

1. If not displayed, press the [HIDE/SHOW] key to show the radar soft keys.

2. Press the ZOOM/D.BOX soft key to show ZOOM & D.BOX soft keys.

3. Press the ZOOM soft key to select ZOOM ON.

4. Press the ARP TGT ZM soft key.

SELECT TARGET NO.

▲

▼

Target no. selection window

5. Use the [ENTER] knob to select number (1-10) and then push the [ENTER]

knob. If the target does not exist several beep sounds and the zoom function

is cancelled.

To cancel, press the CURSOR LOCK soft key.

Note: The zoom window blends in with the background when the background

color for the radar picture is white. If the window is difficult to see change the

background color.

2.16 Shifting the Picture

Own ship position, or sweep origin, can be displaced manually or automatically

to expand the view field without switching to a larger scale.

2.16.1 Manual shift

The sweep origin can be shifted in any presentation mode to a point specified by

the cursor by up to 60% of the range in use in any direction.

1. Locate the cursor anywhere within the effective radius of the display.

2. If not displayed, press the [HIDE/SHOW] key to show the radar soft keys.

3. Press the RADAR DISPLY soft key.

4. Press the SHIFT soft key.

5. Press the MANUAL soft key to shift. The heading line shifts to the cursor

location. SHIFT appears at right-hand corner of the display.

6. Press the RETURN soft key to finish.

7. To cancel shift, press the RADAR DISPLY, SHIFT and OFF soft keys in that

order.

2. RADAR OPERATION

2-21

Cursor

Place cursor

where desired. Press the MANUAL soft key.

SHIFT

Shifting the picture manually

2.16.2 Automatic shift

The amount of shift is automatically calculated with speed. The maximum shift

amount is limited to 60% of the range in use. For example, if you set the shift

speed setting for 15 knots and the ship is running at 10 knots, the amount of shift

will be 40%. The formula for determining shift amount is as shown below.

Ship's speed

Shift speed setting

X 0.6 = Amount of shift(%)

Automatic shift mode is only available in the head-up mode.

Setting automatic shift maximum speed

1. If not displayed, press the [HIDE/SHOW] key to show the radar soft keys.

2. Press the RADAR DISPLY soft key.

3. Press the SHIFT soft key to show the shift soft keys.

4. Press the AUTO S.SPD soft key to display the auto ship speed setting

window.

AUTO SHIP SPEED

Auto ship speed setting window

5. Adjust the cursor pad or [ENTER] knob to set the maximum speed of your

vessel and then push the [ENTER] knob or the ENTER soft key to set. The

setting range is 1-999 kt and the default setting is 15 kt.

Automatic shift

Press the AUTO key to automatically shift the sweep origin. To cancel shift,

press the RADAR DISPLAY, SHIFT and OFF soft keys.

2. RADAR OPERATION

2-22

2.17 Using the Offset EBL

The offset EBL can be used to predict a potential collision course, and can also

be used to measure the range and bearing between two targets.

2.17.1 Predicting a collision course

The procedure below may be used to check if a radar target is on a collision

course with your vessel.

1. Press the [EBL/VRM] key to show the EBL/VRM soft keys.

2. Press the EBL1 ON soft key to turn on the EBL1.

3. Press the OFFSET soft key. The origin of EBL1 moves to the cursor position

and an “X” appears at the cursor position.

4. Use the cursor pad to place the cursor on the radar target which looks like it

might be on a collision course with own ship.

5. Push the [ENTER] knob to fix the origin position.

6. After waiting for a few minutes (at least three minutes), rotate the [ENTER]

knob so the EBL bisects the target at the new position. If the target tracks

along the EBL towards the center of the display (your ship’s position), the

target may be on a collision course.

7. To cancel the offset EBL, press the OFFSET soft key.

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H-UP

Initial target

position

Target tracked

here

359.9

.0.240nm

EBL

VRM

EBL1

VRM1

OFFSET

EBL2

VRM2

EBL1

45.0°R

VRM1

-.---nm

Predicting collision course with the offset EBL

2. RADAR OPERATION

2-23

2.17.2 Measuring range & bearing between two targets

The procedure which follows shows how to measure the range and bearing

between two targets, using the targets “A” and “B” in the figure below as an

example.

1. Operate the cursor pad to place the cursor on the target “A”.

2. Press the [EBL/VRM] key to show the EBL/VRM soft keys.

3. Press the EBL1 ON soft key to turn on the EBL1.

4. Press the OFFSET soft key. The origin of EBL1 and VRM1 moves to the

cursor position, which is marked with an “X.”

5. Rotate the [ENTER] knob so the EBL bisects the target “B”.

6. Press the [ENTER] knob.

7. Press the VRM1 ON soft key and then rotate the [ENTER] knob to place the

VRM1 on the inner edge of the target “B”.

8. Look at the indications for VRM1 and EBL1 to find the range and bearing

between the two targets.

9. To cancel the offset EBL, press the OFFSET key.

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.125nm

H-UP

359.9°R

0.24nm

Target A

Target B

Bearing and range

between target A

and target B

EBL

VRM

EBL1

VRM1

OFFSET

EBL2

VRM2

EBL1

45.0°R

VRM1

0.125nm

Measuring range and bearing between two targets

2. RADAR OPERATION

2-24

2.18 Echo Trails

Echo trails are simulated afterglow of target echoes that represent their past

movements relative to own ship. This function is useful for alerting you past

possible collision situations.

Echo trail

Sample echo trails

2.18.1 Trail time

1. If not displayed, press the [HIDE/SHOW] key to show the radar soft keys.

2. Press the TARGET soft key.

3. Press the TRAIL soft key.

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H-UP .250/ 319.9

.125nm

H-UP

HIGH

MODEL1722C series MODEL1722 series

359.9

0.24nm

359.9

0.24nm

TRAIL

TIME

TRAIL

COLOR

RETURN

GRAD

SINGLE

TRAIL

TIME

RETURN

BRILL

HIGH

TRAIL

ON /OFF

TRAIL

ON /OFF

Trail soft keys

4. Press the TRAIL TIME soft key to show the trail time window.

TRAIL TIME

▲15 seconds

30 seconds

1 minutes

3 minutes

6 minutes

15 minutes

30 minutes

CONTINUOUS

▼

Trail time window

2. RADAR OPERATION

2-25

5. Use the cursor pad to select time desired.

6. Press the ENTER soft key to finish.

2.18.2 Starting echo trails

1. If not displayed, press the [HIDE/SHOW] key to display the radar soft keys.

2. Press the TARGET and TRAIL soft keys.

3. Press the TRAIL ON/OFF to select ON.

4. Press the RETURN soft key twice to finish.

“TRAIL,” the echo trail time selected and elapsed time appear at the top

right-hand corner of the display. Then, afterglow starts extending from all targets.

Trails are restarted when the range or mode is changed, and zoom or shift is

turned on.

For continuous trails the maximum continuous trail time is 99 minutes and 59

seconds. When the elapsed time clock counts up to that time, the elapsed time

display resets to zero and trail begins again.

To turn off echo trail, press the TRAIL ON/OFF soft key to select OFF at step 3 n

the above procedure.

Note: No echo trails are shown where a tx sector blanking area is set.

2.18.3 Trail brilliance (MODEL1722 series)

Trail brilliance can be selected to high or low as below.

1. If not displayed, press the [HIDE/SHOW] key to display the radar soft keys.

2. Press the TARGET and TRAIL soft keys.

3. Press the BRILL soft key to select HIGH or LOW.

4. Press the RETURN soft key twice to finish.

2.18.4 Trail gradation (MODEL1722C series)

The echo trails can be shown in single or multiple gradations. Multiple gradation

paints the trails thinner with time, like the afterglow on an analog PPI radar.

1. If not displayed, press the [HIDE/SHOW] key to display the radar soft keys.

2. Press the TARGET and TRAIL soft keys.

3. Press the GRAD soft key to select SINGLE or MULTI as appropriate.

Multitone Monotone

Multitone and monotone trails

4. Press the RETURN soft key twice to finish.

2. RADAR OPERATION

2-26

2.18.5 Trail color (MODEL1722C series)

The MODEL1722C series may be shown echo trails in blue, yellow, green or

white.

1. If not displayed, press the [HIDE/SHOW] key to display the radar soft keys.

2. Press the TARGET, TRAIL and TRAIL COLOR soft keys.

TRAIL COLOR

▲BLUE

YELLOW

GREEN

WHITE

▼

Trail color window

3. Use the cursor pad to select the color desired.

4. Press the ENTER soft key.

5. Press the RETURN soft key twice to finish.

2. RADAR OPERATION

2-27

2.19 Echo Stretch

Normally, the reflected echoes from long range targets appear on the display as

weaker and smaller blips even though they are compensated by the radar’s

internal circuitry. The echo stretch function magnifies these small blips in all

ranges. Two types of echo stretch are available: ES LOW which stretches

echoes in bearing direction and ES HIGH which stretches them in both range

and bearing directions.

"LOW" Echo stretch "HIGH" Echo stretch

Bearing

direction Bearing

direction

Range

direction

Echo Stretch OFF

Target

Types of echo stretch

This function magnifies not only targets but also sea clutter and radar

interference. For this reason, be sure sea clutter and radar interference are

properly suppressed before activating the echo stretch.

1. If not displayed, press the [HIDE/SHOW] key to display the radar soft keys.

2. Press the SIGNAL PROC. soft key.

3. Press the E. STR soft key to select HIGH, LOW or OFF as appropriate.

4. Press the RETURN soft key to finish.

The display shows ES H (High) or ES L (Low) when the echo stretch is on.

2. RADAR OPERATION

2-28

2.20 Echo Averaging

The echo average feature, available with selection of a Model 1833/C series

network radar as radar source, effectively suppresses sea clutter. Echoes

received from stable targets such as ships appear on the screen at almost the

same position during every rotation of the antenna. On the other hand, unstable

echoes such as sea clutter appear at random positions.

To distinguish real target echoes from sea clutter, echo average performs

scan-to-scan correlation. Correlation is made by storing and averaging echo

signals over successive picture frames. If an echo is solid and stable, it is

presented in its normal intensity. Sea clutter is averaged over successive scans

resulting in the reduced brilliance, making it easier to discriminate real targets

from sea clutter.

To properly use the echo average function, it is recommended to first suppress

sea clutter with the A/C SEA control and then do the following:

1. If not displayed, press the [HIDE/SHOW] key to display the radar soft keys.

2. Press the SIGNAL PROC. soft key.

3. Press the E. AVG soft key to select desired echo averaging.

OFF: No averaging

LOW: Helps distinguish targets from sea clutter and suppresses brilliance

of unstable echoes.

MED: Distinguishes small stationary targets such as navigation buoys.

HIGH: Stably displays distant targets.

The display shows EAV L, EAV M or EAV H when echo averaging is on.

(a) Echo average OFF (b) Echo average ON

Effect of echo averaging

4. Press the RETURN soft key to finish.

2. RADAR OPERATION

2-29

2.21 Outputting TLL Data

Target position data can be output to units of the network and shown on their

plotter screen, with the TTL mark (

). This function requires position and

heading data.

1. If not displayed, press the [HIDE/SHOW] key to display the radar soft keys.

2. Operate the cursor pad to place the cursor on the target whose position you

wish to output.

3. Press the TARGET soft key.

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0.240nm

TARGET

TRAIL

TLL

OUTPUT

ACQ

TARGET

INFO

RETURN

Shown with selection of

1833/C series network

radar equipped with ARP

function as source.

Not shown otherwise.

TARGET soft keys

4. Press the TLL OUTPUT soft key to output target position data.

5. Press the RETURN soft key to finish.

Note: The screen of the TLL recipient may be temporarily interrupted when

receiving TLL from another NavNet display unit. Press any key to restore

normal operation.

2. RADAR OPERATION

2-30

2.22 Guard Alarm

The guard alarm allows the operator to set the desired range and bearing for a

guard zone. When ships, islands, landmasses, etc. violate the guard zone, an

audio alarm sounds and the offending target blinks to call the operator’s

attention.

CAUTION

• The alarm should not be relied upon as

the sole means for detecting possible

collision situations.

• A/C SEA, A/C RAIN and GAIN controls

should be properly adjusted to be sure

the alarm system does not overlook

target echoes.

2.22.1 Setting a guard alarm zone

To set a guard alarm zone, set the radar to transmit and do the following:

1. Press the [ALARM] key.

2. Use the cursor pad to set the cursor on the top left corner (or top right corner)

of the guard zone you want to set, then press the SET GUARD1 or SET

GUARD2 soft key, depending on which guard zone you want to set.

3. Use the cursor pad to set the cursor on the bottom right corner (or top left

corner) of the guard zone area and push the [ENTER] knob.

4. Press RETURN soft key to finish.

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H-UP

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H-UP

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0.230nm

ALARM

39.9

.0.230nm

.125n

.032nm

19.9

NO ALARM

(1) Drag cursor to top (or bottom) corner

for guard zone and press the SET

GUARD1 or SET GUARD2 soft key.

(2) Drag cursor diagonally to bottom (or top)

corner for guard zone and press the [ENTER]

knob.

MOVE +CURSOR TO

ANOTHER CORNER OF

GUARD1 AND PUSH KNOB

TO SET.

ALARM

GUARD 1

SET

GUARD1

ERASE

GUARD1

SET

GUARD2

RETURN

SET

GUARD1

SET

GUARD2

RETURN

How to set a guard alarm zone

2. RADAR OPERATION

2-31

The equipment then searches for targets inside the guard zone to determine the

guard alarm type. If a target is found inside the guard zone the guard zone type

becomes an “Outward guard alarm”, and any target exiting, the guard zone will

trigger an alarm. If no target is found the guard zone type becomes an “Inward

guard alarm”, and any targets entering the guard zone will trigger the alarm. The

guard alarm type is shown as G1(G2) IN or G1(G2) OUT.

Note 1: When the radar range is less than the guard zone range, the audio

alarm sounds and the alarm icon is displayed (red on the color model).

Press the [CLEAR] key to silence the alarm. Press the [ALARM] key and

the message “GUARD1(2) IS OUTSIDE RADAR RANGE” appears.

Reselect appropriate range.

Note 2: If the network radar is set to standby while the guard alarm is active, the

guard alarm is cancelled. The guard alarm is redisplayed when the

radar is set to transmit again.

Note 3: If the network radar is set to standby while the radar picture is not

displayed, the alarm icon appears (red on the color model) and the

alarm sounds. Press the [ALARM] key and the message “STBY MODE

HAS BEEN SELECTED. GUARD/WTCHMN CANCELED.” or

“GUARD/WATCHMAN CANCELED. STBY/TX SELECTED.” appears.

2.22.2 When the alarm is violated…

Any radar target violating the guard zone will flash, the audio alarm sounds, and

the alarm icon appears (red on the color model). Additionally the message

“TARGET ENTERED INTO GUARD1(GUARD2)” or “TARGET LEFT FROM

GUARD1(GUARD2)” is displayed at the bottom of the screen, depending on the

guard zone type. Press the [CLEAR] key to silence the alarm. When this is done,

“G1(G2) ACK” replaces G1(G2) IN(OUT) at the top right corner of the display.

This means the alarm is temporarily deactivated. To reactivate the alarm, press

the SET GUARD1 or SET GUARD2 soft key as appropriate.

2.22.3 Canceling the guard alarm

1. Press the [ALARM] key to show the ALARM menu.

2. Press the ERASE GUARD1 or ERASE GUARD2 soft key as appropriate.

3. Press the RETURN soft key to finish.

2. RADAR OPERATION

2-32

2.23 Watchman

2.23.1 How watchman works

The watchman function periodically transmits radar pulses for one minute to

check for targets in a guard zone. If a target is found in the zone, watchman is

cancelled, the audio alarm sounds and the radar continues transmitting. If no

target is found the radar goes into standby, for the number of minutes selected

on the RADAR DISPLAY SETUP menu. This feature is useful when you do not

need the radar’s function continuously but want to be alerted to radar targets in a

specific area. “WTCH” appears at the top left corner when Watchman is active.

ST-BY

5,10

20 min

1 min

Watchman

starts

5,10

20 min

ST-BY

* Beeps emitted just before radar transmits.

How watchman works

2.23.2 Turning on/off watchman

1. If not displayed, press the [HIDE/SHOW] key to display the radar soft keys.

2. Press the NAV FUNC soft key.

3. Press the W. MAN ON/OFF soft key to select ON or OFF as appropriate.

4. Press RETURN soft key to finish.

Note: When the watchman is activated and no guard zone is active, the

message “PLEASE SET GUARD ZONE. PRESS ANY KEY TO

CONTINUE.” appears. Press any key and then set a guard zone.

2.23.3 Setting watchman stand-by interval

The watchman standby period interval, that is, the number of minutes the radar

is in standby, can be set to 5, 10 or 20 minutes as follows:

1. Press the [MENU] key.

2. Press the RADAR DISPLAY SETUP soft key.

3. Select WATCHMAN TIME and press the EDIT soft key.

WATCHMAN TIME

5 minutes

10 minutes

20 minutes

Watchman window

4. Select time desired and press the ENTER soft key.

5. Press the [MENU] key to close the menu.

2. RADAR OPERATION

2-33

2.24 Waypoint Marker

A waypoint marker, showing waypoint position output from a navigation device,

may be inscribed on the radar display. You may show or hide this marker as

desired.

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H-UP

359.9°R

0.24nm

NAV

FUNC

RETURN

W. MAN

ON/OFF

WPT MK

ON /OFF

Waypoint

marker

Waypoint marker

1. If not displayed, press the [HIDE/SHOW] key to display the radar soft keys.

2. Press the NAV FUNC soft key.

3. Press the WPT MK ON/OFF soft key to select ON or OFF as appropriate.

4. Press the RETURN soft key to finish.

2. RADAR OPERATION

2-34

2.25 ARP (option), TTM operation

When the radar source is ARP-equipped Model 1833/C series network radar,

you can manually and automatically acquire and track 10 targets. Once a target

is acquired automatically or manually it is automatically tracked within 0.1 to 32

nm. When the FURUNO heading sensor PG-1000 is connected, RMC sentence

(NMEA) is required for true heading data.

Alternatively, you can display the tracks of other ships by receiving the data

sentence “TTM” through the NETWORK or NMEA port. However, targets cannot

be acquired.

Usage precautions for ARP

WARNING

No one navigational aid should be relied

upon for the safety of vessel and crew.

The navigator has the responsibility to

check all aids available to confirm

position. Electronic aids are not

a substitute for basic navigational

principles and common sense.

• This auto plotter automatically tracks an

automatically or manually acquired radar

target and calculates its course and

speed, indicating them by a vector. Since

the data generated by the auto plotter

are based on what radar targets are

selected, the radar must always be

optimally tuned for use with the auto

plotter, to ensure required targets will not

be lost or unwanted targets such as sea

returns and noise will not be acquired

and tracked.

• A target does not always mean a land-

mass, reef, ships or other surface vessels

but can imply returns from sea surface

and clutter. As the level of clutter changes

with environment, the operator should

properly adjust the A/C SEA, A/C RAIN

and GAIN controls to be sure target

echoes are not eliminated from the

radar screen.

CAUTION

The plotting accuracy and response of

this auto plotter meets IMO standards.

Tracking accuracy is affected by the

following:

• Tracking accuracy is affected by course

change. One to two minutes is required to

restore vectors to full accuracy after an

abrupt course change. (The actual

amount depends on gyrocompass

specifications.)

• The amount of tracking delay is inversely

proportional to the relative speed of the

target. Delay is on the order of 15-30

seconds for high relative speed; 30-60

seconds for low relative speed.

Display accuracy is affected by the

following:

• Echo intensity

• Radar transmission pulsewidth

• Radar bearing error

• Gyrocompass error

• Course change (own ship or target)

2. RADAR OPERATION

2-35

2.25.1 Activating/deactivating ARP, TTM

1. Press the [MENU] key followed by the ARP SETUP soft key to show the ARP

SETUP menu.

ARP TARGET INFO

INTERNAL ARP

CANCEL ALL TARGETS

ARP VECTOR MODE

TRUE

ARP VECTOR TIME

30 minutes

HISTORY INTERVAL

OFF

CPA

OFF

TCPA

30 seconds

AUTO ACQUISITION AREA

OFF

TARGET ID NUMBER

OFF

ARP

SETUP

EDIT

RETURN

ARP setup menu

2. Select ARP TARGET INFO, and then press the EDIT soft key to show the

ARP target info window.

ARP TARGET INFO

▲

▼

INTERNAL ARP

EXTERNAL ARP

OFF

ARP target info window

3. Select INTERNAL ARP, EXTERNAL ARP or OFF as appropriate.

INTERNAL ARP: The radar source must be the MODEL1833/C series radar.

Select this item also for a NavNet unit being fed ARP targets.

EXTERNAL ARP: Receive TTM data sentence via NETWORK or NMEA port.

Target tracks are shown but targets cannot be acquired.

OFF: Turns off the ARP or TTM display.

4. Press the ENTER soft key.

5. Press the [MENU] key to close the menu.

2. RADAR OPERATION

2-36

2.25.2 Acquiring and tracking targets (ARP only)

Ten targets may be acquired and tracked manually and automatically. When you

attempt to acquire an eleventh target, the message “ARP FULL – ALREADY

TRACKING 10 TARGETS!” appears for five seconds. To acquire another target,

terminate tracking of an unnecessary target as shown in the paragraph 2.25.4.

Manual acquisition

1. If not displayed, press the [HIDE/SHOW] key to display the radar soft keys.

2. Press the TARGET soft key.

3. Place the cursor on the target to acquire and press the ACQ soft key.

4. Press the RETURN soft key.

The plot symbol changes its shape according to its status as below. A vector

appears about one minute after acquisition, indicating the target’s motion trend.

At acquisition 1 min. after

acquisition

3 min. after

acquisition

01* 01* 01*

Vector

* = Target number shown when TARGET ID NUMBER is

turned on in the ARP SETUP menu.

Target Number

ARP plot symbols

Automatic acquisition

The ARP can acquire up to ten targets automatically by setting an automatic

acquisition area. When automatic acquisition is selected after acquiring targets

manually, only the remaining capacity for targets may be automatically acquired.

For example, if seven targets have been manually acquired, three targets may

be automatically acquired.

1. Press the [MENU] key to show the main menu.

2. Press the ARP SETUP soft key to show the ARP SETUP menu.

3. Operate the cursor pad to select AUTO ACQUISITION AREA.

4. Press the EDIT soft key to show the automatic acquisition area window.

AUTO ACQ. AREA

▲

▼

OFF

Automatic acquisition area window

5. Select ON.

6. Press the ENTER soft key.

2. RADAR OPERATION

2-37

7. Press the [MENU] key to close the menu. An acquisition area of 2.0 to 2.5

miles in range and ±45º on either side of the heading line in bearing appears.

Note: Targets being tracked in automatic acquisition are continuously

tracked when switching to manual acquisition.

Automatic acquisition area

45° port 45° starboard

2.0 - 2.5 nm

Automatic acquisition area

2.25.3 Displaying target number (internal, external ARP)

Target number can be shown for ARP and TTM targets as below.

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.125nm

H-UP

TARGET

TRAIL

TLL

OUTPUT

ACQ

TARGET

INFO

RETURN

ARP

Target

Number

359.9°R

0.240nm

ARP target number

1. Press the [MENU] key.

2. Press the ARP SETUP soft key.

3. Select TARGET ID NUMBER.

4. Press the EDIT soft key.

5. Select ON or OFF (default setting) as appropriate.

6. Press the ENTER soft key.

7. Press the [MENU] key to close the menu.

2. RADAR OPERATION

2-38

2.25.4 Terminating tracking of ARP targets

When 10 targets have been acquired, no more targets may be acquired unless

targets are cancelled. If you need to acquire additional targets, you must first

cancel one or more individual targets, or all of the targets, using one of the

procedures below.

Terminating tracking of selected targets

1. Place the cursor on the target to terminate tracking.

2. Press the [CLEAR] key to erase to terminate tracking and erase the target.

Terminating tracking of all targets

1. Press the [MENU] key followed by the ARP SETUP soft key.

2. Select CANCEL ALL TARGETS.

3. Press the EDIT soft key.

CANCEL ALL TARGETS

▲

▼

YES

Cancel all targets window

4. Select YES.

5. Press the ENTER soft key.

6. Press the [MENU] key to close the menu.

2. RADAR OPERATION

2-39

2.25.5 Setting vector attributes (ARP)

What is a vector?

A vector is a line extending from a tracked target which shows estimated speed

and course of the target. The vector tip shows an estimated position of the target

after the selected vector time elapses. It can be useful to extend the vector

length in order to evaluate the risk of collision with any target.

Vector

Vector reference, vector time

You may reference the vectors to North (True) or ship’s heading (relative) as

desired. Vector time can be set to 30 seconds, 1, 3, 6, 15 or 30 minutes.

1. Press the [MENU] key followed by the ARP SETUP soft key to show the ARP

SETUP menu.

2. Operate the cursor pad to select ARP VECTOR MODE.

3. Press the EDIT soft key to show the vector mode window.

ARP VECTOR MODE

RELATIVE

TRUE

Vector mode window

4. Select TRUE or RELATIVE as appropriate.

5. Press the ENTER soft key.

6. Select ARP VECTOR TIME, and then press the EDIT soft key to show the

ARP vector time window.

ARP VECTOR TIME

▲

▼

30 seconds

1 minute

3 minutes

6 minutes

15 minutes

30 minutes

ARP vector time window

7. Operate the cursor pad to select vector time among 30 sec, 1 min, 3 min, 6

min, 15 min and 30 min.

8. Press the ENTER soft key.

9. Press the [MENU] key to close the menu.

2. RADAR OPERATION

2-40

2.25.6 Displaying past position display (ARP)

This ARP can display time-spaced dots (maximum 10 dots) marking the past

positions of any targets being tracked. You can evaluate a target’s actions by the

spacing between dots. Below are examples of dot spacing and target movement.

(a) Ship turning (b) Ship running

straight

speed

(d) Ship increased

speed

Past position displays

To turn the past position display on or off:

1. Press the [MENU] key followed by the ARP SETUP soft key.

2. Operate the cursor pad to select HISTORY INTERVAL.

3. Press the EDIT soft key to show the plot interval window.

HISTORY INTERVAL

▲

▼

OFF

30 seconds

1 minutes

3 minutes

6 minutes

History interval window

4. Operate the cursor pad to select plotting interval among 30 sec, 1 min, 3 min

and 6 min, or select OFF to turn off the past position display.

5. Press the ENTER soft key.

6. Press the [MENU] key to close the menu.

2. RADAR OPERATION

2-41

2.25.7 ARP, TTM target data

This ARP calculates motion trends (range, bearing, course, speed, CPA and

TCPA) of all target been tracked. You can show this data for a tracked target as

below. TARGET ID NUMBER, in the ARP SETUP menu, must be turned on to

show ARP target data.

1. Place the cursor on the target whose data you want to see.

2. If not displayed, press the [HIDE/SHOW] key to display the radar soft keys.

3. Press the TARGET and TARGET INFO soft keys. The data of the selected

target appears at the bottom left-hand corner of the display. (If an EBL/VRM

data box is displayed the ARP data box will be under it.)

4. Press the RETURN soft key to finish.

5. To erase the ARP target data box, select the corresponding target with the

cursor and press the [CLEAR] key.

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359.9°R

0.240nm

TARGET

TRAIL

TLL

OUTPUT

ACQ

TARGET

INFO

RETURN

ARP

Target

No.01 VECTOR TRUE 15min

CSE 359.9°T SPD 12.5kt

CPA 2nm TCPA 12.35

CPA and TCPA

Course and Speed

Target No., Vector Reference (True), Vector Time

Cursor +

ARP target data

2. RADAR OPERATION

2-42

2.25.8 CPA/TCPA alarm (ARP)

When the predicted CPA of any target becomes smaller than a preset CPA alarm

range or its predicted TCPA less than a preset TCPA alarm limit, an audio alarm

sounds, which you may silence with the [CLEAR] key. In addition, the target plot

symbol of the offending target changes to a triangle and flashes together with its

vector. Press the [ALARM] key and the message COLLISION ALARM appears.

Press the CLEAR ALARM soft key to acknowledge the alarm. The flashing of the

triangle plot symbol continues until you intentionally terminate tracking of the

target. The ARP continuously monitors the predicted range at the Closest Point

of Approach (CPA) and predicted time to CPA (TCPA) of each target to own ship.

Provided that this feature is used correctly, it will help prevent the risk of collision

by alerting you to threatening targets. It is important that gain, A/C SEA, A/C

RAIN and other radar controls are properly adjusted and the ARP is set up so

that it can track targets effectively.

CPA/TCPA alarm ranges must be set up properly taking into consideration the

size, tonnage, speed, turning performance and other characteristics of own ship.

CAUTION

The CPA/TCPA alarm should never be

relied upon as the sole means for detect-

ing the risk of collision. The navigator is

not relieved of the responsibility to keep

visual lookout for avoiding collisions,

whether or not the radar or other plotting

aid is in use.

Follow the steps shown below to set the CPA/TCPA alarm range:

1. Press the [MENU] key followed by the ARP SETUP soft key.

2. Operate the cursor pad to select CPA.

3. Press the EDIT soft key to show the CPA window.

CPA

▲

▼

OFF

0.5nm

1nm

2nm

3nm

5nm

6nm

CPA window

4. Select a CPA limit desired by the cursor pad.

5. Press the ENTER soft key. The ARP SETUP menu reappears.

6. Press the cursor pad to select TCPA.

7. Press the EDIT soft key to show the TCPA window.

2. RADAR OPERATION

2-43

TCPA

▲

▼

30 seconds

1 minute

2 minutes

3 minutes

4 minutes

5 minutes

6 minutes

12 minutes

TCPA window

8. Select a TCPA limit.

9. Press the ENTER soft key.

10. Press the [MENU] key to close the menu.

2.25.9 Lost target alarm (ARP)

When the system detects a lost target, the target symbol becomes a diamond

and tracking is discontinued after one minute.

Lost target mark

Canceling a lost target

1. Place the cursor on the target.

2. Press the [CLEAR] key.

2. RADAR OPERATION

2-44

2.26 Interpreting the Radar Display

2.26.1 General

Minimum and maximum ranges

Minimum range

The minimum range is defined by the shortest distance at which, using a scale of

1.5 or 0.75 nm, a target having an echoing area of 10 m2 is still shown separate

from the point representing the antenna position. It is mainly dependent on the

pulselength, antenna height, and signal processing such as main bang

suppression and digital quantization.

Maximum range

The maximum detecting range of the radar, Rmax, varies considerably

depending on several factors such as the height of the antenna above the

waterline, the height of the target above the sea, the size, shape and material of

the target, and atmospheric conditions.

Under normal atmospheric conditions, the maximum range is equal to the radar

horizon or a little shorter. The radar horizon is longer than the optical one by

about 6% because of the diffraction property of the radar signal. Rmax is given

in the following equation.

Rma

= 2.2 x

(

h1 + h2

)

where Rmax: radar horizon (nautical miles)

h1: antenna height (m)

h2: target height (m)

Radar horizon

Optical horizon

Radar horizon

For example, if the height of the antenna above the waterline is 9 meters and the

height of the target is 16 meters, the maximum radar range is;

Rma

= 2.2 x

(

9+ 16

)

= 2.2 x

(

3 + 4

)

= 15.4 n

It should be noted that the detection range is reduced by precipitation (which

absorbs the radar signal).

2. RADAR OPERATION

2-45

Radar resolution

There are two important factors in radar resolution (discrimination): bearing

resolution and range resolution.

Bearing resolution

Bearing resolution is the ability of the radar to display the

echoes received from two targets, which are at the same range and close

together, as separate targets. Bearing resolution is directly proportional to the

antenna length, and inversely proportional to the radar's wavelength.

Range resolution

Range resolution is the ability to display the echoes received

from two targets, which are on the same bearing and close to each other, as

separate targets.

Bearing accuracy

One of the most important features of the radar is how accurately the bearing of

a target can be measured. The accuracy of bearing measurement basically

depends on the narrowness of the radar beam. However, the bearing is usually

taken relative to the ship’s heading, and thus, proper adjustment of the heading

marker at installation is an important factor in ensuring bearing accuracy. To

minimize error when measuring the bearing of a target, select a range which will

put the target as far out to the edge of the radar screen as possible.

Range measurement

Measurement of the range to a target is also a very important function of the

radar. Generally, there are two means of measuring range: the fixed range rings

and the variable range marker (VRM). The fixed range rings appear on the

screen with a predetermined interval and provide a rough estimate of the range

to a target. The variable range marker’s diameter is increased or decreased so

that the marker touches the inner edge of the target, allowing the operator to

obtain more accurate range measurements.

2. RADAR OPERATION

2-46

2.26.2 False echoes

Occasionally echo signals appear on the screen at positions where there is no

target, or disappear even if there are targets. False target situations may be

recognized, however, if you understand why they are displayed. Typical false

echoes are shown below.

Multiple echoes

Multiple echoes occur when a transmitted pulse returns from a solid object like a

large ship, bridge, or breakwater. A second, a third or more echoes may be

observed on the display at double, triple or other multiples of the actual range of

the target as shown below. Multiple reflection echoes can be reduced and often

removed by decreasing the gain (sensitivity) or properly adjusting the [A/C SEA]

control.

Own ship

Target

True

echo

Multiple

echo

Multiple echoes

Sidelobe echoes

Every time the radar pulse is transmitted, some radiation escapes on each side

of the beam. This stray RF is called sidelobe. If a target exists where it can be

detected by the side lobes as well as the main lobe, the side echoes may be

represented on both sides of the true echo at the same range. Sidelobes appear

usually only on short ranges and from strong targets. They can be reduced

through careful reduction of the gain or proper adjustment of the A/C SEA

control.

Target B

(True)

Target B

(Spurious)

Target A

Sidelobe echoes

2. RADAR OPERATION

2-47

Virtual image

A relatively large target close to your ship may be shown at two positions on the

screen. One of them is the true echo directly reflected by the target and the other

is a false echo which is caused by the mirror effect of a large object on or close

to your ship as shown in the figure below. If your ship comes close to a large

metal bridge, for example, such a false echo may temporarily be seen on the

screen.

True

echo

False

echo

Own

ship

Target ship

Mirror image

of target ship

Virtual image

Shadow sectors

Funnels, stacks, masts, or derricks in the path of the antenna block the radar

beam. If the angle subtended at the antenna is more than a few degrees, a

non-detecting sector or blind spot may be produced. Within this sector, targets

can not be detected.

Radar

antenna

Radar

mast

Shadow sector

Shadow sectors

2. RADAR OPERATION

2-48

2.26.3 SART (Search and Rescue Transponder)

A Search and Rescue Transponder (SART) may be triggered by any X-Band (3

cm) radar within a range of approximately 8 nm. Each radar pulse received

causes it to transmit a response which is swept repetitively across the complete

radar frequency band. When interrogated, it first sweeps rapidly (0.4 µs) through

the band before beginning a relatively slow sweep (7.5 µs) through the band

back to the starting frequency. This process is repeated for a total of twelve

complete cycles. At some point in each sweep, the SART frequency will match

that of the interrogating radar and be within the pass band of the radar receiver.

If the SART is within range, the frequency match during each of the 12 slow

sweeps will produce a response on the radar display, thus a line of 12 dots

equally spaced by about 0.64 nautical miles will be shown.

When the range to the SART is reduced to about 1 nm, the radar display may

show also the 12 responses generated during the fast sweeps. These additional

dot responses, which also are equally spaced by 0.64 nm, will be interspersed

with the original line of 12 dots. They will appear slightly weaker and smaller

than the original dots.

9500 MHz

9200 MHz

Radar antenna

beamwidth

Screen A: When SART

is distant Screen B: When SART

is close

Lines of 12 dots

are displayed in

concentric arcs.

Echo of SART

Position of

SART

Own ship's

position Own ship's

position

SART mark

length Radar receiver

bandwidth

Sweep time

7.5 µs 95 µs

Sweep start High speed sweep signal

Low speed sweep signal

24 NM 1.5 NM

Position of

SART

Echo of

SART

Appearance of SART signal on the radar display

2. RADAR OPERATION

2-49

General procedure for detecting SART response

1. Use the range scale of 6 or 12 nm as the spacing between the SART

responses is about 0.6 nm (1125 m) to distinguish the SART.

2. Turn off the automatic clutter suppression (if applicable).

3. Turn off the Interference Rejector.

General remarks on receiving SART

SART range errors

When responses from only the 12 low frequency sweeps are visible (when the

SART is at a range greater than about 1 nm), the position at which the first dot is

displayed may be as much as 0.64 nm beyond the true position of the SART.

When the range closes so that the fast sweep responses are seen also, the first

of these will be no more than 150 meters beyond the true position.

Radar bandwidth

This is normally matched to the radar pulselength and is usually switched with

the range scale and the associated pulselength. Narrow bandwidths of 3-5 MHz

are used with long pulses on long range and wide bandwidths of 10-25 MHz with

short pulses on short ranges.

Any radar bandwidth of less than 5 MHz will attenuate the SART signal slightly,

so it is preferable to use a medium bandwidth to ensure optimum detection of

the SART.

Radar side lobes

As the SART is approached, sidelobes from the radar antenna may show the

SART responses as a series of arcs or concentric rings. These can be removed

by the use of the [A/C SEA] control although it may be operationally useful to

observe the sidelobes as they may be easier to detect in clutter conditions and

also they will confirm that the SART is near to the ship.

Gain

For maximum range SART detection the normal gain setting for long range

detection should be used, that is, with background noise speckle visible.

2. RADAR OPERATION

2-50

A/C SEA control

For optimum range SART detection, this control should be set to the minimum.

Care should be exercised as wanted target in sea clutter may be obscured. Note

also that in clutter conditions the first few dots of the SART response may not be

detectable, irrespective of the setting of the anti-clutter sea control. In this case,

the position of the SART may be estimated by measuring 9.5 nm from the

furthest dot back towards own ship.

Some sets have automatic/manual anti-clutter sea control facilities in which case

the operator should switch to manual.

A/C RAIN control

This should be used normally (to break up areas of rain) when trying to detect a

SART response which, being a series of dots, is not affected by the action of the

anti-clutter rain circuitry. Note that racon responses, which are often in the form

of a long flash, will be affected by the use of this control.

Some sets have automatic/manual anti-clutter rain control facilities in which case

the operator should switch to manual.

Note: This SART information is excerpted from IMO SN/Circ 197 Operation of

Marine Radar for SART Detection.

2.26.4 Racon (Radar Beacon)

A racon is a radar transponder which emits a characteristic signal when triggered

by a ship’s radar (usually only the 3 centimeter band). The signal may be emitted

on the same frequency as that of the triggering radar, in which case it is

superimposed on the ship's radar display automatically.

The racon signal appears on the PPI as a radial line originating at a point just

beyond the position of the radar beacon or as a Morse code signal (see figure

below) displayed radially from just beyond the beacon.

Racon

Appearance of racon signal on the radar display

3-1

3. PLOTTER OPERATION

3.1 Plotter Displays

You may show the plotter display over the entire screen, in the overlay screen

(MODEL1722C series), or in a combination screen. Press the [DISP] key to

show the screen selection window, and then rotate the [ENTER] knob to select

PLOT, NAV or OVRLY (overlay) as appropriate.

3.1.1 Full-screen plotter display

BRIDGE

FISH

002WP

34° 22. 3456'N 359.9° M TRIP NU

080° 22. 3456'E

19.9 kt 99.9 nm

MODE

NTH UP

NAV

POS

MARK

ENTRY

D. BOX

ON/ OFF

16.0nm

Nav data window

(Data changes with NAV soft

key setting and cursor

status. For details see next page.)

Course bar

Functions for

soft keys

Own ship

track

Own ship

marker

Presentation mode

(North-up)

Icon (from left)

North Marker

Chart

Alarm

Battery

Track Hold

Chart Offset

Save

L/L Offset

Battery

Simulation

(See icon

table on

page A-14

for details.) Waypoint name

Waypoint marker

Scale

Trip distance

Full-screen plotter display

Note: The own ship marker blinks when the GP-310B loses the GPS signal. For

the NavNet display units receiving the GPS signal, the message “No GPS

fix!” appears approx. one minute after the signal is lost and is

accompanied by the audio alarm. For the NavNet display unit connected

to the GP-310B, the visual alarm is released soon after loss and the audio

alarm sounds five minutes later.

3. PLOTTER OPERATION

3-2

Nav data window

The data shown in the nav data window depends on the status of the NAV soft

key and the cursor.

359. 9° 359. 9 °

79. 9°F NU

19. 9kt 99. 9nm 345 ft

Bearing to Waypoint

Course, Speed

Range

Waypoint

Water Temp.,

Depth*

CSE

SOG BRG

RNG TMP

DPT

NAV

S/C

soft key

Presentation

Mode

Own Ship Mark Speed Trip Distance

NAV

POS

soft key

34°24. 3456'N 359. 9°

TRIP

124°24. 3456'W 19. 9kt 99. 9nm

CourseLatitude, Longitude

Presentation

Mode

Own ship

position

Own ship

speed and

course

NAV

OFF

soft key

Turns off

nav data

window

* Requires appropriate

sensor.

34°24. 3456'N 359. 9°M

TRIP

124°24. 3456'W 59.9nm 99. 9nm

Bearing to Cursor

Latitude, Longitude

Trip Distance

Presentation

Mode

Cursor Mark

Latitude and longitude

of cursor intersection

Range to

Cursor

359. 9°M

TTG

4D02H23M NU

19. 9nm

ETA

1st 13:45

Bearing to WaypointWaypoint Name

Estimated Time of

Arrival

Range to Waypoint

Waypoint Mark

001WPT

Presentation

Mode

NAV

WPT

soft key

Destination

waypoint

data

Time-to-Go

to Destination

359. 9°

TRIP

19. 9nm 19. 9kt 99. 9nm

CourseBearing to WaypointWaypoint Name

001WPT

Waypoint data

(waypoint selected

with cursor)

Presentation

Mode

SpeedRange to WaypointWaypoint Mark Trip Distance

Contents of nav data window

Furuno USA 9ZWRTR069 Marine Radar User Manual OPERATORS MANUAL

Furuno USA Inc Marine Radar OPERATORS MANUAL

OPERATORS MANUAL

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