Furuno USA 9ZWRTR069 Marine Radar User Manual OPERATORS MANUAL

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Document ID	189207
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Document Description	OPERATORS MANUAL
Short Term Confidential	No
Permanent Confidential	No
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Document Type	User Manual
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Date Submitted	2001-12-20 00:00:00
Date Available	2005-05-05 00:00:00
Creation Date	2001-05-31 13:45:31
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Document Lastmod	2001-12-17 17:44:11
Document Title	OPERATORS MANUAL

MARINE RADAR
MODEL1722/1732/1742/1752/1762
MODEL1722C/1732C/1742C/1752C/1762C
Your Local Agent/Dealer
9-52 Ashihara-cho,
Nishinomiya, Japan
Telephone :
0798-65-2111
Telefax :
0798-65-4200
All rights reserved.
Printed in Japan
FIRST EDITION : APR. 2001
PUB.No. OME-3494
( DAMI ) MODEL1722/C SER.
: DEC. 07,2001
*00080918200*
*00080918200*
*00080918200*
*OME34940E00*
*OME34940E00*
*OME34940E00*
SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS
WARNING
WARNING
Radio Frequency
Radiation Hazard
ELECTRICAL SHOCK HAZARD
Do not open the equipment.
Only qualified personnel
should work inside the
equipment.
The radar antenna emits electromagnetic
radio frequency (RF) energy which can be
harmful, particularly to your eyes. Never
look directly into the antenna aperture from
a close distance while the radar is in
operation or expose yourself to the transmitting antenna at a close distance.
Do not disassemble or modify the
equipment.
Fire, electrical shock or serious injury can
result.
Distances at which RF radiation levels of
100 and 10 W/m2 exist are given in the
table below.
Immediately turn off the power at the
switchboard if the equipment is emitting
smoke or fire.
Note: If the antenna unit is installed at a
close distance in front of the wheel house,
your administration may require halt of
transmission within a certain sector of
antenna revolution. This is possible - Ask
your FURUNO representative or dealer to
provide this feature.
Continued use of the equipment can cause
fire or electrical shock. Contact a FURUNO
agent for service.
Keep heater away from equipment.
A heater can melt the equipment's power
cord, which can cause fire or electrical
shock.
MODEL
Use the proper fuse.
Fuse rating is shown on the equipment.
Use of a wrong fuse can result in damage
to the equipment.
WARNING
To avoid electrical shock, do not
remove cover. No user-serviceable
parts inside.
Distance to
10 W/m2
point
1722
Nil
Worst case
0.50 m
1732
Nil
Worst case
0.50 m
1742
Nil
Worst case
1.00 m
1752
0.15 m
1762
0.20 m
CAUTION
A warning label is attached to the equipment. Do not remove the label. If the
label is missing or damaged, contact
a FURUNO agent or dealer about
replacement.
Distance to
100 W/m2
point
Worst case
2.00 m
Worst case
3.00 m
CAUTION
No one navigation device should ever be
solely replied upon for the navigation of
a vessel.
Name: Warning Label (1)
Type: 86-003-1011-0
Code No.: 100-236-230
Always confirm position against all available
aids to navigation, for safety of vessel and
crew.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
TABLE OF CONTENTS ........................................................................................ ii
FOREWORD....................................................................................................... viii
SYSTEM CONFIGURATIONS............................................................................... x
1. OPERATIONAL OVERVIEW .........................................................................1-1
1.1 Operating Controls .................................................................................................... 1-2
1.1.1 Display unit controls ........................................................................................ 1-2
1.1.2 Remote controller............................................................................................ 1-5
1.2 Inserting a Chart Card ............................................................................................... 1-6
1.3 Turning the Unit On/Off.............................................................................................. 1-7
1.4 Cursor Pad, Cursor.................................................................................................... 1-8
1.5 Display Brilliance, Panel Brilliance, Contrast, Hue ..................................................... 1-9
1.5.1 Display brilliance, panel brilliance.................................................................... 1-9
1.5.2 Contrast ........................................................................................................ 1-10
1.5.3 Hue (MODEL1722C series)........................................................................... 1-10
1.6 Selecting a Display .................................................................................................. 1-11
1.6.1 Display modes .............................................................................................. 1-11
1.6.2 Selecting a display ........................................................................................ 1-12
1.6.3 Switching control in combination and overlay screens................................... 1-13
1.6.4 Selecting radar source .................................................................................. 1-14
1.7 Data Boxes.............................................................................................................. 1-15
1.7.1 Showing, hiding data boxes with soft key ...................................................... 1-15
1.7.2 Rearranging data boxes ................................................................................ 1-15
1.7.3 Temporarily erasing a data box ..................................................................... 1-15
1.8 Function Keys.......................................................................................................... 1-16
1.8.1 Executing a function...................................................................................... 1-16
1.9 Simulation Display ................................................................................................... 1-17
2. RADAR OPERATION ....................................................................................2-1
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
2.5
Radar Display............................................................................................................ 2-1
Transmitting, Stand-by............................................................................................... 2-2
Tuning ....................................................................................................................... 2-2
Adjusting the Gain ..................................................................................................... 2-2
Reducing Sea Clutter................................................................................................. 2-4
2.5.1 How the A/C SEA works .................................................................................. 2-4
2.5.2 Adjusting A/C SEA .......................................................................................... 2-4
2.6 Reducing Precipitation Clutter ................................................................................... 2-5
2.6.1 Adjusting the A/C RAIN ................................................................................... 2-5
2.6.2 Adjusting the FTC ........................................................................................... 2-6
2.7 Range Scale.............................................................................................................. 2-7
2.8 Pulselength................................................................................................................ 2-8
ii
2.9 Presentation Mode .....................................................................................................2-9
2.9.1 Selecting a presentation mode ........................................................................2-9
2.9.2 Description of presentation modes.................................................................2-10
2.10 Measuring the Range...............................................................................................2-12
2.10.1 Measuring range by range rings ....................................................................2-12
2.10.2 Measuring range by cursor ............................................................................2-13
2.10.3 Measuring range by VRM ..............................................................................2-14
2.10.4 Erasing a VRM, VRM indication.....................................................................2-15
2.10.5 Erasing EBL/VRM data boxes .......................................................................2-15
2.10.6 Hiding EBL/VRM data boxes .........................................................................2-15
2.10.7 Moving EBL/VRM data boxes ........................................................................2-15
2.11 Measuring the Bearing .............................................................................................2-15
2.11.1 Measuring bearing by cursor .........................................................................2-15
2.11.2 Measuring bearing by EBL ............................................................................2-15
2.11.3 Erasing an EBL, EBL indication .....................................................................2-16
2.11.4 Erasing EBL/VRM data boxes .......................................................................2-16
2.11.5 Hiding EBL/VRM data boxes .........................................................................2-16
2.11.6 Moving EBL/VRM data boxes ........................................................................2-16
2.12 Erasing the Heading Line, North Marker ..................................................................2-17
2.13 Reducing Noise........................................................................................................2-17
2.14 Reducing Radar Interference ...................................................................................2-18
2.15 Zoom .......................................................................................................................2-19
2.15.1 Zooming in on radar targets...........................................................................2-19
2.15.2 Zooming ARP, TTM targets............................................................................2-19
2.16 Shifting the Picture...................................................................................................2-20
2.16.1 Manual shift ...................................................................................................2-20
2.16.2 Automatic shift ...............................................................................................2-21
2.17 Using the Offset EBL................................................................................................2-22
2.17.1 Predicting a collision course ..........................................................................2-22
2.17.2 Measuring range & bearing between two targets ...........................................2-23
2.18 Echo Trails ...............................................................................................................2-24
2.18.1 Trail time........................................................................................................2-24
2.18.2 Starting echo trails .........................................................................................2-25
2.18.3 Trail brilliance (MODEL1722 series) ..............................................................2-25
2.18.4 Trail gradation (MODEL1722C series) ...........................................................2-25
2.18.5 Trail color (MODEL1722C series) ..................................................................2-26
2.19 Echo Stretch ............................................................................................................2-27
2.20 Echo Averaging........................................................................................................2-28
2.21 Outputting TLL Data .................................................................................................2-29
2.22 Guard Alarm.............................................................................................................2-30
2.22.1 Setting a guard alarm zone............................................................................2-30
2.22.2 When the alarm is violated… .........................................................................2-31
2.22.3 Canceling the guard alarm.............................................................................2-31
2.23 Watchman................................................................................................................2-32
2.23.1 How watchman works....................................................................................2-32
2.23.2 Turning on/off watchman ...............................................................................2-32
2.23.3 Setting watchman stand-by interval ...............................................................2-32
2.24 Waypoint Marker ......................................................................................................2-33
iii
2.25 ARP (option), TTM operation ................................................................................... 2-34
2.25.1 Activating/deactivating ARP, TTM.................................................................. 2-35
2.25.2 Acquiring and tracking targets (ARP only) ..................................................... 2-36
2.25.3 Displaying target number (internal, external ARP) ......................................... 2-37
2.25.4 Terminating tracking of ARP targets .............................................................. 2-38
2.25.5 Setting vector attributes (ARP) ...................................................................... 2-39
2.25.6 Displaying past position display (ARP) .......................................................... 2-40
2.25.7 ARP, TTM target data.................................................................................... 2-41
2.25.8 CPA/TCPA alarm (ARP) ................................................................................ 2-42
2.25.9 Lost target alarm (ARP)................................................................................. 2-43
2.26 Interpreting the Radar Display ................................................................................. 2-44
2.26.1 General ......................................................................................................... 2-44
2.26.2 False echoes................................................................................................. 2-46
2.26.3 SART (Search and Rescue Transponder) ..................................................... 2-48
2.26.4 Racon (Radar Beacon).................................................................................. 2-50
3. PLOTTER OPERATION ................................................................................3-1
3.1 Plotter Displays.......................................................................................................... 3-1
3.1.1 Full-screen plotter display ............................................................................... 3-1
3.1.2 Compass display............................................................................................. 3-3
3.1.3 Highway display .............................................................................................. 3-5
3.1.4 Nav data display.............................................................................................. 3-6
3.2 Presentation Mode .................................................................................................... 3-7
3.2.1 North-up.......................................................................................................... 3-7
3.2.2 Course-up ....................................................................................................... 3-8
3.2.3 Auto course-up................................................................................................ 3-8
3.3 Shifting the Display.................................................................................................... 3-9
3.4 Chart Scale................................................................................................................ 3-9
3.5 Chart Cards ............................................................................................................. 3-10
3.5.1 Chart card overview ...................................................................................... 3-10
3.5.2 Indices and chart enlargement ...................................................................... 3-11
3.5.3 FURUNO and NavCharts™ .......................................................................... 3-12
3.5.4 C-MAP cards................................................................................................. 3-14
3.6 Working with Track .................................................................................................. 3-18
3.6.1 Displaying track............................................................................................. 3-18
3.6.2 Stopping, restarting plotting of own ship track ............................................... 3-19
3.6.3 Changing track color (MODEL1722C series)................................................. 3-20
3.6.4 Track plotting method and interval for own ship track .................................... 3-21
3.6.5 Changing own ship track/mark distribution setting......................................... 3-22
3.6.6 Erasing track ................................................................................................. 3-23
3.7 Marks, Lines ............................................................................................................ 3-25
3.7.1 Entering a mark............................................................................................. 3-25
3.7.2 Changing mark attributes .............................................................................. 3-25
3.7.3 Selecting line type ......................................................................................... 3-26
3.7.4 Erasing marks, lines...................................................................................... 3-27
3.8 Waypoints................................................................................................................ 3-29
3.8.1 Entering waypoints........................................................................................ 3-29
3.8.2 Editing waypoint data .................................................................................... 3-32
iv
3.9
3.10
3.11
3.12
3.13
3.8.3 Erasing waypoints .........................................................................................3-34
3.8.4 Changing waypoint mark size (FURUNO, NavCharts™) ...............................3-35
3.8.5 Searching waypoints......................................................................................3-36
Routes .....................................................................................................................3-37
3.9.1 Creating routes..............................................................................................3-37
3.9.2 Connecting routes .........................................................................................3-41
3.9.3 Inserting waypoints ........................................................................................3-42
3.9.4 Removing waypoints from a route..................................................................3-44
3.9.5 Erasing routes ...............................................................................................3-44
Navigation................................................................................................................3-45
3.10.1 Navigating to a “quick point” ..........................................................................3-45
3.10.2 Navigating to waypoints.................................................................................3-46
3.10.3 Navigating to ports, port services (NavCharts™ only) ...................................3-47
3.10.4 Following a route ...........................................................................................3-49
Alarms .....................................................................................................................3-53
3.11.1 Audio alarm on/off .........................................................................................3-53
3.11.2 Arrival alarm ..................................................................................................3-54
3.11.3 Anchor watch alarm.......................................................................................3-55
3.11.4 XTE (Cross Track Error) alarm ......................................................................3-56
3.11.5 Speed alarm ..................................................................................................3-56
3.11.6 Proximity alarm..............................................................................................3-57
3.11.7 Trip alarm ......................................................................................................3-58
3.11.8 Alarm information ..........................................................................................3-59
Resetting Trip Distance ............................................................................................3-60
Entering the MOB Mark, Setting MOB as Destination ..............................................3-61
4. VIDEO SOUNDER OPERATION ...................................................................4-1
4.1 Principle of Operation.................................................................................................4-1
4.2 Sounder Displays.......................................................................................................4-2
4.2.1 Selecting a sounder display .............................................................................4-2
4.2.2 Description of sounder displays .......................................................................4-3
4.2.3 Selecting screen split method in combination displays.....................................4-7
4.3 Automatic Sounder Operation ....................................................................................4-8
4.3.1 How the automatic sounder works ...................................................................4-8
4.3.2 Types of automatic sounder modes .................................................................4-8
4.3.3 How to enable automatic sounder operation....................................................4-8
4.4 Manual Sounder Operation ........................................................................................4-9
4.4.1 Selecting the manual mode .............................................................................4-9
4.4.2 Selecting display range....................................................................................4-9
4.4.3 Adjusting the gain ............................................................................................4-9
4.4.4 Range shifting................................................................................................4-10
4.5 Measuring Depth, Time ............................................................................................ 4-11
4.6 Reducing Interference..............................................................................................4-12
4.7 Reducing Low Level Noise.......................................................................................4-13
4.8 Erasing Weak Echoes..............................................................................................4-14
4.9 White Marker (MODEL1722C series).......................................................................4-15
4.10 Picture Advance Speed............................................................................................4-16
4.10.1 Advancement independent of ship’s speed....................................................4-16
4.10.2 Advancement synchronized with ship’s speed ...............................................4-17
4.11 Display Colors (MODEL1722C series) .....................................................................4-18
4.12 Alarms......................................................................................................................4-19
4.12.1 Audio alarm on/off..........................................................................................4-19
4.12.2 Bottom alarm .................................................................................................4-20
4.12.3 Fish alarm......................................................................................................4-20
4.12.4 Fish alarm (B/L) .............................................................................................4-21
4.12.5 Water temperature alarm ...............................................................................4-22
4.12.6 When an alarm setting is violated... ...............................................................4-23
4.13 Water Temperature Graph ........................................................................................4-24
4.14 Interpreting the Sounder Display ..............................................................................4-25
4.14.1 Zero line.........................................................................................................4-25
4.14.2 Bottom echo ..................................................................................................4-25
4.14.3 Fish school echoes ........................................................................................4-26
4.14.4 Surface noise/Aeration...................................................................................4-26
5. CUSTOMIZING YOUR UNIT ......................................................................... 5-1
5.1 General Setup ........................................................................................................... 5-1
5.2 Radar Setup.............................................................................................................. 5-3
5.2.1 Radar display setup ........................................................................................ 5-3
5.2.2 Radar range setup .......................................................................................... 5-6
5.2.3 Function key setup.......................................................................................... 5-7
5.3 Plotter Setup ............................................................................................................. 5-9
5.3.1 Navigation options .......................................................................................... 5-9
5.3.2 Function key setup.........................................................................................5-10
5.4 Chart Setup..............................................................................................................5-12
5.4.1 Chart offset ....................................................................................................5-12
5.4.2 FURUNO, Nav-Charts™ chart attributes .......................................................5-13
5.4.3 C-MAP chart attributes...................................................................................5-16
5.5 Data Boxes Setup ....................................................................................................5-20
5.6 Hot Page Setup........................................................................................................5-21
5.7 Navigator Setup .......................................................................................................5-23
5.7.1 Navigation data source ..................................................................................5-23
5.7.2 GPS receiver setup (Set equipped with GP-310B).........................................5-24
5.7.3 TD display setup ............................................................................................5-26
5.8 Nav Data Display Setup ...........................................................................................5-28
5.9 Sounder Setup .........................................................................................................5-29
5.9.1 System setup .................................................................................................5-29
5.9.2 Sensor setup..................................................................................................5-31
5.9.3 Sounding range, zoom range, bottom lock range...........................................5-32
5.9.4 Function key setup.........................................................................................5-33
vi
6. DATA TRANSFER ......................................................................................... 6-1
6.1 Memory Card Operations........................................................................................... 6-1
6.1.1 Formatting memory cards................................................................................ 6-1
6.1.2 Saving data to a memory card......................................................................... 6-2
6.1.3 Playing back data from a memory card ........................................................... 6-4
6.2 Uploading, Downloading Data ................................................................................... 6-5
6.2.1 Setting communication software on the PC ..................................................... 6-5
6.2.2 Uploading or downloading data ....................................................................... 6-5
6.3 Loading Waypoint Data from Yeoman........................................................................ 6-8
6.4 Receiving Data Via Network Equipment .................................................................... 6-9
6.5 Outputting Data Through the Network...................................................................... 6-10
7. MAINTENANCE, TROUBLESHOOTING...................................................... 7-1
7.1
7.2
7.3
7.4
7.5
7.6
7.7
7.8
Preventive Maintenance ............................................................................................ 7-1
Replacement of Fuse................................................................................................. 7-2
Replacement of Battery ............................................................................................. 7-2
Simple Troubleshooting ............................................................................................. 7-3
7.4.1 General ........................................................................................................... 7-3
7.4.2 Radar .............................................................................................................. 7-4
7.4.3 Plotter.............................................................................................................. 7-5
7.4.4 Sounder .......................................................................................................... 7-6
Diagnostics................................................................................................................ 7-7
7.5.1 Memory I/O test............................................................................................... 7-7
7.5.2 Test pattern ................................................................................................... 7-10
7.5.3 Keyboard, remote controller test.................................................................... 7-11
GPS Status Display ................................................................................................. 7-12
Clearing Memories................................................................................................... 7-13
Error Messages ....................................................................................................... 7-14
APPENDIX ...................................................................................................... AP-1
Menu Overview............................................................................................................... AP-1
Geodetic Chart List ....................................................................................................... AP-12
World Time Chart .......................................................................................................... AP-13
Icons............................................................................................................................. AP-14
SPECIFICATIONS........................................................................................... SP-1
INDEX............................................................................................................... IN-1
DECLARATION OF CONFORMITY
vii
FOREWORD
A Word to the Owner of the MODEL1722/1722C Series
Marine Radar
FURUNO Electric Company thanks you for purchasing the MODEL1722/1722C
Series Marine Radar. We are confident you will discover why the FURUNO
name has become synonymous with quality and reliability.
For over 50 years FURUNO Electric Company has enjoyed an enviable
reputation for quality and reliability throughout the world. This dedication to
excellence is furthered by our extensive global network of agents and dealers.
Your radar is designed and constructed to meet the rigorous demands of the
marine environment. However, no machine can perform its intended function
unless properly installed and maintained. Please carefully read and follow the
operation and maintenance procedures set forth in this manual.
We would appreciate feedback from you, the end-user, about whether we are
achieving our purposes.
Thank you for considering and purchasing FURUNO.
viii
FOREWORD
Features
The MODEL1722/1722C series work within our new product-network system
called the “NavNet.” Each product has an IP address to communicate with
NavNet compatible products within the network, using TCP/IP protocol through
an Ethernet 10 Base-T network.
The main features are
! Bright 7” screen visible even under direct sunlight.
! User friendly operation with combination of discrete keys, soft keys and
cursor pad.
! Accepts FURUNO and Nav-charts™ (NAVIONICS) or C-MAP charts.
! Fast chart redraw.
! Built-in NavNet interface circuit board.
! 12-channel GPS Receiver GP-310B with highly accurate position fixing
optionally available.
! User programmable function keys.
! Video sounder picture available with connection to optional network
sounder.
! ARP function (when connecting with MODEL1833/1833C series)
ix
SYSTEM CONFIGURATIONS
All NavNet products incorporate a “network circuit board” to integrate each
NavNet product on board through an optional LAN cable (Ethernet 10BASE-T).
Each NavNet product is assigned an IP address to enable transfer of images
between other NavNet products. For example, video plotter pictures can be
transferred to a radar and vice versa. Pictures received via the NavNet may be
adjusted at the receiving end.
A NavNet system may consist of up to four display units and one ETR. For a
system incorporating three or more products, a “hub” is required to process data.
Single unit NavNet system
Antenna Unit
(ex. MODEL 1722/1722C)
GPS receiver
GP-310B
E/S
Navigator
Display Unit
RDP-130 (monochrome)
RDP-131 (color)
External buzzer
PC
Echo sounder
Remote
Controller
RMC-100
Heading
sensor
Other NavNet unit
(GD-1700 etc.)
Rectifier*
PR-62
RU-3423
Network sounder
ETR-6/10N
12-24 VDC
*PR-62: MODEL1722/1722C/1732/1732C
RU-3423: MODEL1742/1742C/1762/1762C
Single-unit NavNet system
Ship's mains
100/110/220/230 VAC
1φ, 50/60 Hz
Two-unit NavNet system
GP-310B
Antenna Unit
Radar data
Plotter data
Two-unit NavNet system
Three-or more unit NavNet system (Max. 4 NavNet capable display units)
GP-310B
Antenna Unit
Radar data
Plotter data
HUB
Sounder data
Network sounder
ETR-6/10N
Note: The picture disappears
10 seconds after the NavNet
cable is disconnected from a
"sub" NavNet display unit.
Three-or more unit NavNet system
xi
1.
OPERATIONAL OVERVIEW
This chapter provides basic information needed to get you started using your
radar. The follow topics are presented:
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Control overview
Chart card insertion
Power on/off
Contrast, brilliance and hue (Color series only) adjustments
Display selection
Data boxes
Function keys
Simulation display
NOTICE
The brilliance of the LCD is adjustable
to match a wide variety of lighting
conditions. However, its maximum
setting may not be sufficiently bright
to permit viewing of the display with
polarized sunglasses.
1-1
1. OPERATIONAL OVERVIEW
1.1
Operating Controls
1.1.1
Display unit controls
Overview of display unit controls
The radar systems are mainly operated with controls of the display unit (and
remote controller). Ten keys are labeled and they provide the function shown on
their labels. The five soft keys provide various functions according to current
operating mode. The [ENTER] knob mainly functions to register selections on
the menu and enter alphanumeric data. The cursor pad’s main function is to
move the cursor across the screen. Whenever you operate a key, a single beep
confirms operation. Invalid operation causes the unit to emit three beeps.
Cursor pad
Selects menu items and options;
shifts cursor. Press, release and
press again to change setting
consecutively.
Selects display mode.
Momentary press:
Registers own ship’s
position as a waypoint.
Press three seconds:
Marks man overboard
position.
Opens/closes the alarm menu.
Clears data; erases selected mark.
Opens/closes the main menu.
Selects a range.
ENTER knob
Push: Registers options on menus.
Rotate: Selects character; adjusts sensitivity
(sounder, radar); chooses menu items and options.
Displays the soft keys for EBL/VRM.
Radar: Displays the soft keys for adjustment of
gain, A/C SEA, A/C RAIN and FTC.
Sounder: Adjusts gain.
Soft keys
Long press: Turns power on/off.
Momentary press: Opens the
display for adjustment of brilliance,
etc. For radar, switches STBY and TX.
Shows or hides the soft
keys, function keys,
nav data alternately.
Chart slot
Control panel
1-2
1. OPERATIONAL OVERVIEW
Soft keys
The five soft keys’ functions change according to the operation. Their labels for
their current functions are shown on the screen to the left of the keys. To hide or
show the soft keys, press the [HIDE/SHOW] key. Each press of the key shows
preset soft keys, user function keys or turns off navigation information (at the top
of the screen).
SOFT
KEYS
Display unit
Some soft keys show the current state of the soft key function in reverse video
as shown below.
.250/SP.125nm
H-UP
319.9°M
SIGNAL
PROCESS
I. REJ
LOW
E. AVG*
OFF
PULSE
SHORT
E. STR
LOW
Current option
shown in reverse
video
RETURN
359.9°R
0.24nm
*: Only when MODEL 1833/C series are
used as radar source.
Plotter display
1-3
1. OPERATIONAL OVERVIEW
[ENTER] knob
The [ENTER] knob functions to
•
•
•
•
Register data
Enter alphanumeric data such as waypoint name
Select menu items and options
Adjust setting
Clockwise rotation of the knob selects an alphabet, symbol or numeric, in one of
the sequences shown below. After you have selected desired alphanumeric
character push the [ENTER] knob to register your selection.
[ENTER] knob
ENTER knob
Alphabet, symbol, numeric
A!B!C!D!E!F!G!H!I!J!K!L!M!N!O!P!Q!
R!S!T!U!V!W!X!Y!Z!&!_!’ !#!0!1!2!3!
4!5!6!7!8!9
Numerics
0!1!2!3!4!5!6!7!8!9
1-4
1. OPERATIONAL OVERVIEW
1.1.2
Remote controller
SAVE
RANGE
MOB
DISP
ABC
DEF
GHI
JKL
MNO
PQR
STU
VWX
YZ&
’# 0
EBL/VRM
WPT
Operating distance
90°: Up to 5 m
±45°: Up to 3 m
Replace the batteries (AA) when the
distance from which the display
unit can be operated shortens.
Note: The remote controller may
become damaged if dropped.
Mishandling of the remote
controller is not covered by
the warranty.
GAIN
CENTER
MARK
ENT
CNTL
ENT
CLEAR
BRILL
SK1
MENU
TONE
SK2
TX/STBY
ACQ
ALARM
HIDE/SHOW
SK3
SK4
SK5
Remote controller
Key
Function
Key
Function
RANGE
Same as RANGE key on
display unit.
CLEAR
Same as CLEAR key on
display unit.
DISP
Same as DISP key on
display unit.
MENU
Same as MENU key on
display unit.
SAVE MOB
Same as SAVE MOB key on
display unit.
BRILL
Adjusts display brilliance.
Ten keys
Enter alphanumerics.
TONE
Adjusts display contrast.
EBL/VRM
Same as EBL/VRM key on
display unit.
TX/STBY
Toggles radar between
standby and transmit.
GAIN
Same as GAIN key on
display unit.
ACQ
Acquires radar target.
(Requires radar source
equipped with ARP.)
WPT
Displays “alphabet” WPT list
on plotter display.
ALARM
Same as ALARM key on the
display unit.
MARK ENT
Same as MARK ENTRY soft
key.
HIDE/SHOW
Same as HIDE/SHOW key
on display unit.
CENTER
Returns own ship to screen
center on plotter display.
SK1 – SK5
(soft keys)
Same as soft keys on
display unit.
CNTL
Switches control between
displays on combination
displays.
ENT
Same as ENTER knob on
display unit.
1-5
1. OPERATIONAL OVERVIEW
1.2
Inserting a Chart Card
Your unit reads FURUNO and Nav-Charts™ (NAVIONICS), or C-MAP chart
cards, depending on its specifications. Insert the appropriate chart card for your
area as follows:
1. Open the chart card slot lid.
Chart slot
Display unit
2. Insert desired chart card groove side up.
3. Close the lid to protect the chart drive.
Note 1: Do not insert or remove the chart card while turning power on. This may
cause the equipment to freeze.
Note 2: Do not remove a card while the chart is being drawn. This may cause
the equipment to freeze.
Note 3: A card remover is supplied to ease removal of chart cards. Attach the
card remover to the right-hand side hole on the card and pull to remove
card. You can leave the card remover attached to the card while the
card is in the card slot - push the card remover leftward until it contacts
the recessed area in the card.
Note 4: For multiple display units, do not use the same chart card type in more
than one display unit.
Chart card and card remover
1-6
1. OPERATIONAL OVERVIEW
1.3
Turning the Unit On/Off
Press the [POWER/BRILL] key to turn the unit on. A beep sounds and the
equipment proceeds in the sequence shown below, displaying the product
information screen, startup test results and the chart usage disclaimer, in that
order. The startup test checks the ROM, RAM, internal battery and backup data
for proper operation, displaying the results for each as OK or NG (No Good). If
NG appears, an appropriate message appears on the screen. For any NG, try to
press any key to go to the chart disclaimer screen, then perform the diagnostic
test referring to the paragraph “7.6 Diagnostics.”
Chart List
Host Name
** = Program version no.
(Two program version numbers.
One for NAVIO and one for C-MAP.)
RADAR PLOTTER
STATION NAME:
RADAR
FURUNO ELECTRIC CO., LTD.
CHARTS AVAILABLE
FLYBRDG = ANB01004
RADAR = ANB01003
STARTUP TEST
è
ROM
RAM
INTERNAL BATTERY
BACKUP DATA
OK
OK
OK
OK
è
NO NATIONAL HYDROGRAPHIC
OFFICE HAS VERIFIED THE
INFORMATION IN THIS
COASTLINE DATA CARD AND NONE
ACCEPT LIABILITY FOR THE
ACCURACY OF REPRODUCTION OR
ANY MODIFICATIONS MADE
THEREAFTER. THIS PRODUCT WITH
THIS COASTLINE DATA CARD
DOES NOT REPLACE THE
REQUIREMENT TO USE THE
APPROPRIATE PRODUCTS FOR
NAVIGATION ACCORDING TO
NATIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL
REGULATIONS.
PROGRAM No. 03591730**
Product information
Startup test
Chart disclaimer
The magnetron in the antenna unit takes about one minutes and thirty seconds
to warm up before the radar can be operated. The time remaining for warm up of
the magnetron appears at the center of the display, counting down from 1:30 to
0:01.
You may press any key at the chart disclaimer screen to show the last-used
display, or wait several seconds to let the equipment do it for you.
To turn the unit off, press and hold down the [POWER/BRILL] key until the
screen goes dark (approx. 3 sec.). To protect the LCD attach the hard cover.
Note that the network sounder will be turned off approx. three minutes after
turning off the power.
Note: You are asked if you want to start the simulation mode, which provides
simulated operation of the equipment, the first time you turn on the power
(or any time power is applied after a memory reset) the message shown
below is displayed. Push the [ENTER] knob to start the simulation mode,
or press the [CLEAR] key to start normal operation. For further details
about the simulation mode, see the paragraph “1.8 Simulation Display.”
START
SIMULATION MODE?
YES ... PUSH ENTER KNOB
NO ... PUSH CLEAR KEY
TO SKIP.
1-7
1. OPERATIONAL OVERVIEW
1.4
Cursor Pad, Cursor
The cursor pad mainly functions to shift the cursor, for measurement of range
and bearing to a location (radar) and latitude and longitude position (plotter).
Operate the cursor pad to shift the cursor. The cursor moves in the direction of
the arrow or diagonal pressed, on the cursor pad.
For the plotter display, the cursor can be turned off with the CENTER soft key.
This also returns own ship marker to the screen center.
.250/SP.125nm
Cursor
H-UP
319.9°M
SIGNAL
PROC
RADAR
DISPLY
Cursor data
L/L position,
Range and
bearing from
own ship to
cursor
34° 22. 3456'N
080° 22. 3456'E
272.4°M
15.9 nm
16.0nm
TRIP NU
99.9 nm
MARK
ENTRY
MODE
NTH UP
NAV
FUNC
CENTER
Cursor
TARGET
GOTO
CURSOR
ZOOM &
D. BOX
D. BOX
ON/ OFF
359.9°R
0.24nm
Radar display
Plotter display
Cursor, cursor data
1-8
1. OPERATIONAL OVERVIEW
1.5
Display Brilliance, Panel Brilliance, Contrast,
Hue
You can adjust display brilliance, panel brilliance, contrast and hue
(MODEL1722C series only) as shown below.
1.5.1
Display brilliance, panel brilliance
1. Press the [POWER/BRILL] key momentarily. A set of soft keys for
adjustment of brilliance, contrast and hue (MODEL1722C series only) appear.
The last-used adjustment window appears. In the example below the display
brilliance adjustment window is shown.
Current selection is higtlighted.
.250/SP.125nm
H-UP
319.9°M
BRILL
CONTST
.250/SP.125nm
H-UP
319.9°M
BRILL
CONTST
DISPLY
BRILL
DISPLY
BRILL
PANEL
BRILL
PANEL
BRILL
CONTST
/HUE
CONTST
RADAR
STBY
RADAR
STBY
RETURN
RETURN
DISPLAY BRILLIANCE
DISPLAY BRILLIANCE
MODEL1722C series
MODEL1722 series
Brilliance adjustment soft keys
2. Press the DISPLY BRILL or PANEL BRILL soft key as appropriate. An
adjustment window appears at the bottom of the screen. This window shows
the name of the item selected for adjustment plus current brilliance level, by
bar graph.
DISPLAY BRILLIANCE
Display brilliance
PANEL BRILLIANCE
Panel brilliance
Display brilliance and panel brilliance windows
3. Adjust the [ENTER] knob, clockwise to raise the setting or counterclockwise
to decrease it. You may also use the soft key pressed at step 2, in which
case the item selected is adjusted cyclically, from low to high. Eight levels of
display brilliance and panel brilliance are available.
4. Hit the RETURN soft key to finish.
The display brilliance can be adjusted by pressing the [POWER/BRILL] key.
If the unit is turned on with minimum display brilliance, press the
[POWER/BRILL] key consecutively to adjust the brilliance.
1-9
1. OPERATIONAL OVERVIEW
1.5.2
Contrast
1. Press the [POWER/BRILL] key momentarily.
2. Press the CONTST (monochrome) or CONTST/HUE (color) soft key.
3. For MODEL1722C series, two soft keys appear at the pressing of the
CONTST/HUE soft key: CONTST and HUE. Press the CONTST soft key to
adjust the contrast.
CONTRAST
Contrast window
4. Adjust the [ENTER] knob, clockwise to raise the setting or counterclockwise
to decrease it. You may also use the CONTST soft key, in which case the
item selected is adjusted cyclically, from low to high. 16 levels (monochrome)
and 10 levels (color) of contrast are available.
5. Press the RETURN soft key to finish.
1.5.3
Hue (MODEL1722C series)
1. Press the [POWER/BRILL] key momentary.
2. Press the CONTST/HUE soft key.
3. Press the HUE soft key to show the hue setting window.
HUE
▲
¡ DAY
¡ NIGHT
¡ TWILIGHT
¤ MANUAL SET
▼
Hue window
4. Operate the cursor pad or [ENTER] knob to select hue desired, referring to
the table below. MANUAL SET follows the color settings on the RADAR
DISPLAY SETUP for the radar, CHART DETAILS menu for the plotter and
SOUNDER MENU for the sounder.
Day
Night
Twilight
Applicable mode
Characters
Black
Red
Green
Plotter, radar, sounder
Radar ring
Green*
Red
Green*
Radar
Radar echo
Orange
Red
Yellow
Radar
Background
White
Black
Blue
Plotter, radar
Landmass
Yellow
Light Yellow Dim Yellow
Radar
*: Red on C-map
5. Hit the RETURN soft key to finish.
Note: When using the overlay screen, the own ship track will be hidden if the
radar background and own ship track are blue and the “MANUAL” hue
setting is used. In this case, set HUE to other position and then return to
“MANUAL” to show the own ship track in black.
1-10
1. OPERATIONAL OVERVIEW
1.6
Selecting a Display
1.6.1
Display modes
If you have a navigator and network sounder connected, four full-screen displays
are available: radar, plotter, and video sounder and navigation data.
(MODEL1722C series have five screens, those mentioned above plus the
overlay screen.) In addition to the full-screen display, you can divide the screen
into half-screen combination displays to show two sets of images (data).
Full screen
(Ex. radar)
Combination screen
(Ex. radar + sounder)
Overlay screen
(Radar and plotter,
color model only.
Requires L/L data)
Display screens
The table below shows the displays available with each screen type.
Full screen
Screen type and available display screen
Combination screen
Overlay screen options
options
(Color series only)
Radar, plotter, sounder,
nav data
Radar, plotter, echo
sounder, compass,
highway,
compass/highway, nav
data, overlay
Radar + plotter
1-11
1. OPERATIONAL OVERVIEW
1.6.2
Selecting a display
1. Press the [DISP] key to show the full-screen selection window. The icons of
modes not available are marked with “X” mark. PAGE1-PAGE5 are
user-arrangeable displays called “hot pages,” which you can configure as you
like. For further details, see “5.5 Hot Page Setup.”
RADAR
PLOT
SNDR
NAV
OVRLY
Basic display
screens
Hot pages
PAGE1
PAGE2
PAGE3
PAGE4
PAGE5
· TURN KNOB TO SELECT MODE
AND PUSH KNOB TO ENTER.
· PUSH ANY SOFT KEY TO
SELECT IMAGE SOURCE.
Full-screen selection window (“overlay” for color model)
2. Rotate the [ENTER] knob to select a basic display screen or a hot page
screen.
3. Push the [ENTER] knob. If you selected a basic display screen, a set of
combination display screens corresponding to the basic display screen that
was selected appear. In the example below, radar combination displays are
shown.
PUSH ENTER KNOB.
Radar combination screen selection window
4. Operate the [ENTER] knob to select the combination screen display desired
and push it to set.
1-12
1. OPERATIONAL OVERVIEW
1.6.3
Switching control in combination and overlay screens
A soft key is provided in relevant combination and overlay screens (color series
only) to switch control between displays. In the example below, the RADAR
CNTRL and PLOTTR CNTRL soft keys enable switching control between the
radar and plotter screens in the plotter/radar combination display.
12 LP3nm
12 LP3nm
H-UP
H-UP
SIGNAL
PROC.
ST-BY
RADAR
DISPLY
CNTL
RADAR
RADAR
CNTRL
MARK
ENTRY
ST-BY
To adjust
plotter
NAV ° R
359.9
FUNC
11.7nm
NAV ° R
359.9
POS
11.7nm
34° 22. 3456'N
080° 22. 3456'E
RADAR
CNTRL
WP-002
359.9°M
TRIP NU
19.9 kt
99.9 nm
TARGET
16.0nm
FISH
Radar display selected
MODE
NTH UP
34° 22. 3456'N
080° 22. 3456'E
PLOTTR
CNTRL
359.9°M
TRIP NU
19.9 kt
99.9 nm
16.0nm
PLOTTR
CCNTRL
To adjust
radar
WP-002
FISH
Plotter display selected
How to switch control between modes in the plotter/radar combination display
1-13
1. OPERATIONAL OVERVIEW
1.6.4
Selecting radar source
When other network radar is connected to the equipment, you may select an
image source as shown below. This is not necessary when no other network
radar is connected. Select one host name for the source though there are two or
three radar units on the net.
Note: Turn the power off whenever changing the source.
1. Press the [DISP] key.
2. Press any soft key to show the following display.
▲
RADAR SOURCE
RADAR - - SOUNDER SOURCE*
SOUNDER-
SELECT
SOURCE
EDIT
IP ADDRESS
172.031.003.001
HOST NAME
RADAR - - -
IF THERE IS MORE THAN
ONE NETWORK RADAR OR
ECHO SOUNDER, YOU MAY
SELECT THE IMAGE
SOURCES FOR DISPLAY.
RETURN
*: Do not change this setting.
Select source menu
3. Use the cursor pad to select RADAR SOURCE and press the EDIT key.
RADAR SOURCE
RADAR - - Radar source
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Radar source and sounder source windows
Use the cursor pad and [ENTER] knob to enter source host name: ◄ or ► to
select position and rotate the [ENTER] knob to select character.
Press the [ENTER] soft key or [ENTER] knob.
Confirm that the correct host name is entered.
Press the [DISP] key to finish.
Turn the power off and on again.
Note: Sources names are determined at installation. For example, the source
names for radars in a two radar system might be “RADAR” and
“RADAR1”.
1-14
1. OPERATIONAL OVERVIEW
1.7
Data Boxes
Data boxes, providing navigation data, may be shown on any full-screen display.
Up to six data boxes (two in case of large characters) may be shown, and the
default data boxes are position (in latitude and longitude), course over ground,
speed over ground, trip log and cursor position. The user may choose which
data to display, where to locate it, and show or hide it as desired. In addition,
data boxes may be set independently for each display mode (radar, plotter,
sounder). For how to select data for the data boxes, see paragraph “5.5 Data
Boxes Setup”.
319.9°M
.250/SP.125nm
H-UP
MARK
ENTRY
MODE
NTH UP
NAV
POS
D.BOX
ON /OFF
TRIP LOG
177nm
POSITION
47°
58.535'N
122°
36.496'W
COG
SOG
323.6°M
20.0
kt
350.4°M
0.000 nm
Data boxes
Plotter display, showing data boxes
1.7.1
Showing, hiding data boxes with soft key
Radar: ZOOM & D. BOX → D. BOX ON/OFF (EBL/VRM data box, cursor data
box also shown/hidden)
Plotter: D. BOX ON/OFF
Sounder: AUTO/D. BOX→D. BOX ON/OFF
1.7.2
Rearranging data boxes
You may select the location for data boxes as follows:
1. Using the cursor pad, move the cursor to the data box you wish to move. As
the cursor enters the box it changes to a hand. Push the [ENTER] knob, and
the hand changes to a fist, meaning the box is correctly selected.
2. Use the cursor pad to drag the data box to the location desired and push the
[ENTER] knob.
1.7.3
Temporarily erasing a data box
You may temporarily erase a data box. Use the cursor pad to place the cursor
inside the data box you wish to erase and press the [CLEAR] key. To redisplay
the box, press the ZOOM & D.BOX soft key D.BOX soft key to display it.
1-15
1. OPERATIONAL OVERVIEW
1.8
Function Keys
The function keys provide for one-touch call up of a desired function. The default
function key settings are as shown in the table below.
1.8.1
Function
Key
Default Setting, Key Label
Radar
Plotter
Echosounder
#1
Heading line on/off,
HL
Track on/off, TRK
TLL output, TLL
#2
Rings on/off, RNG
Edit mark/line, EML
Clutter, CLT
#3
Echo trail, TRL
Ruler, RUL
Signal level, SLV
#4
Offcenter, SFT
Add new waypoint,
ADD
Noise limiter, NL
#5
Radar source, RSR
Waypoint
alphanumeric list,
ALP
Picture advance, PA
Executing a function
1. Press the [HIDE/SHOW] key to replace the preset soft key labels with the
function key labels.
.250/SP.125nm
H-UP
319.9°M
34° 22. 3456'N
080° 22. 3456'E
TARGET
359.9°M
TRIP NU
19.9 kt
99.9 nm
16.0nm
Function
keys
002WP
FISH
BRIDGE
Function
keys
359.9°R
0.24nm
Radar
Plotter
Function keys
2. Press function key desired.
Note: Function keys can be individually programmed for the radar, plotter and
sounder displays. For further details see the following:
Radar: paragraph 5.2.3
Plotter: paragraph 5.3.2
1-16
1. OPERATIONAL OVERVIEW
1.9
Simulation Display
The simulation display, for use by service technicians for demonstration
purposes, provides simulated operation to help acquaint you with the many
features your unit has to offer. It allows you to view and control a simulated
plotter, radar and sounder picture, without position-fixing equipment, network
radar or a network sounder. Most controls are operative, thus you may practice
setting destination, enter waypoints, measure range and bearing to a target, etc.
The simulation icon ( I M ) appears when any simulation mode is active.
To start the simulation display;
1. Press the [MENU] key.
2. Press the SYSTEM CONFIGURATION, SYSTEM SETUP and SIMULATION
SETUP soft keys in that order.
RADAR
LIVE
PLOTTER
LIVE
SOUNDER
LIVE
SPEED
00.0kt
COURSE
000.0°
LATITUDE
45°35.000’N
LONGITUDE
123°00.000’W
START DATE & TIME
00:00 01.APR.01
RADAR SIMULATION DATA
NO
SIM
SETUP
EDIT
RETURN
Simulation setup menu
2. Follow appropriate procedure shown below.
Radar
Internally generated echoes
1. Select RADAR, then press the EDIT soft key.
RADAR
▲
¡ SIMULATION 1
¡ SIMULATION 2
¤ LIVE
▼
2. Select SIMULATION 1 and press the [ENTER] knob.
3. Press the [MENU] key to close the menu.
1-17
1. OPERATIONAL OVERVIEW
Antenna unit-generated echoes
1. Select RADAR SIMULATION DATA, then press the EDIT soft key.
2. Select YES and push the [ENTER] knob to erase simulation data and get
new data. The message “Now getting demo data. Do not turn off display
unit.” appears while the unit is receiving radar data.
Note: If the network radar could not be found “Radar source is not found.
Cannot get demo data.” appears. Wait one minute after the message
disappears. Actual time may be longer depending on the system
configuration. And if the radar is not active, the message “Radar is not
active. Cannot get demo data.” is displayed. Check that the radar is
plugged in and its signal cable is firmly fastened.
3. Select RADAR, then press the EDIT soft key.
4. Select SIMULATION 2, then press the [ENTER] knob.
5. Press the [MENU] key to close the menu.
Plotter
1. Select PLOTTER, then press the EDIT soft key.
PLOTTER
▲
¡ SIMULATION
¤ LIVE
▼
2. Select SIMULATION, then press the [ENTER] knob.
3. Select SPEED and press the EDIT soft key.
4. Enter speed (setting range, 0-99 kt, default speed, 0 kt) with the
alphanumeric keys and push the [ENTER] knob.
5. Select COURSE and press the EDIT key.
6. Select “8 FIGURE” to trace the simulated ship’s track in a figure-eight course,
or enter your own course at DIRECTION. Use the trackball to select digit and
enter value with the alphanumeric keys.
7. Press the ENTER soft key.
8. Select LATITUDE and press the EDIT soft key.
9. Enter latitude (setting range, 85°N-85°S, default setting, 45°35.000’N) and
push the [ENTER] knob.
10. Select LONGITUDE and press the EDIT soft key.
11. Enter longitude (setting range, 180°E-180°W, default setting, 125°00.000’W)
and push the [ENTER] knob.
12. Select START DATE & TIME and push the EDIT soft key.
13. Enter start date and time and push the [ENTER] knob.
14. Press the [MENU] key to close the menu.
1-18
1. OPERATIONAL OVERVIEW
Sounder
1. Select SOUNDER, then press the EDIT soft key.
SOUNDER
▲
¡ SIMULATION 1
¡ SIMULATION 2
¤ LIVE
▼
2. Select SIMULATION 1 (internally generated echoes) or SIMULATION 2
(network sounder-generated echoes), then press the [ENTER] knob.
Note 1: If the network sounder could not be found “Sounder source is not
found. Cannot get simulation data.” appears. And if the sounder is
not active, the message “Sounder is not active. Cannot get
simulation data.” is displayed. Check that the sounder is plugged in
and its signal cable is firmly fastened.
Note 2: The gain, shift, range and mode of the SIMULATION 1 mode picture
cannot be adjusted.
3. Press the [MENU] key to close the menu.
1-19
2.
RADAR OPERATION
This chapter covers radar operation, including the ARP (Automatic Plotter)
function. ARP requires connection of MODEL1833/1833C series network radar
equipped with the ARP circuit board.
2.1
Radar Display
Cursor
Pulselength
Range/
range ring
interval
Presentation
mode
.125nm
..250 /SP
Heading
M: Magnetic
T: True
319.9°M
H-UP
Alarm icon
Battery icon
Heading line
North marker
TRAIL 30m
02m30s
G1 IN
G2 OUT
ES L
EAV L
IR L
Trail time
Trail elapsed time
Guard zone 1
Guard zone 2
Echo stretch
Echo averaging*
Interference rejector
Guard zone 2
Zoom area
VRM2
EBL1
VRM1
Guard zone 1
EBL2
Range ring
Own ship vector*
(ARP-equipped model,
true vector mode)
Zoom
window
EBL1 range
VRM1 range
* = Radar source
Model 1833/1833C
series radar
EBL1
27.0°R
VRM1
0 .158nm
EBL2
VRM2
327.1°R
0 .225nm
359.9°R
0.18nm
EBL2 bearing, VRM2 range
Cursor range
and bearing
(Cursor position may
also be shown, in
L/L or Loran C TD.)
Radar display
2-1
2. RADAR OPERATION
2.2
Transmitting, Stand-by
1. Turn the power on. The products information appears and is then followed by
the radar screen. You can display the radar screen at once by pressing the
any key.
2. Press the [POWER/BRILL] key momentarily.
3. Press the RADAR STBY soft key to highlight TX on its label.
4. When the radar picture is not required, but you want to keep it in a state of
readiness, press the [POWER/BRILL] key momentarily followed by RADAR
TX soft key.
5. Press the RETURN soft key to finish.
2.3
Tuning
The radar receiver can be tuned automatically or manually, and the default
tuning method is automatic. To adjust manually or switch to automatic tuning, do
the following:
1. Press the [MENU] key to display the main menu.
2. Press the RADAR DISPLAY SETUP soft key.
3. Select TUNING and press the EDIT soft key.
TUNING
¤ AUTO
¡ MAN
Tuning bar
Tuning window
4. Choose MAN or AUTO as appropriate.
5. For manual tuning, adjust the [ENTER] knob until the tuning bar is at its
longest position.
6. Press the RETURN soft key.
7. Press the [MENU] key to close the menu.
Note: If the auto setting does not provide satisfactory tuning, see the installation
manual for how to adjust tuning.
2.4
Adjusting the Gain
The [GAIN] key adjusts the sensitivity of the radar receiver. It works in a manner
similar to the volume control of a broadcast receiver, which amplifies received
signals.
The proper setting is such that the background noise is just visible on the screen.
If your gain setting is too low, weak echoes may be missed. On the other hand
excessive gain yields too much background noise; strong targets may be missed
because of the poor contrast between desired echoes and the background noise
on the display.
2-2
2. RADAR OPERATION
To adjust the receiver gain, transmit on long range, and then do the following:
1. Press the [GAIN] key. The last-used “adjustment window” is displayed. In the
example below, the gain sensitivity adjustment is shown.
Item selected for adjustment is highlighted.
319.9°M
.250/SP.125nm
H-UP
GAIN
ADJUST
GAIN
A/C
SEA
A/C
RAIN
FTC
RETURN
GAIN SENSITIVITY
¤ AUTO
¡ AUTO
¡ AUTO
¡ MAN
ROUGH
MODERATE
CALM
359.9°R
0.24nm
Gain adjustment soft keys
2. If the gain sensitivity window is not displayed, press the GAIN soft key to
show it.
GAIN SENSITIVITY
¤ AUTO
¡ AUTO
¡ AUTO
¡ MAN
ROUGH
MODERATE
CALM
Gain sensitivity window
3. Press ▲ or ▼ to select AUTO ROUGH, AUTO MODERATE, AUTO CALM,
or MAN (manual) as appropriate. Select an AUTO option according to the
sea state.
4. For manual adjustment, rotate the [ENTER] knob to adjust. The range of
adjustment is 0-100(%).
5. Press the [GAIN] key on the front panel or the RETURN soft key to finish.
2-3
2. RADAR OPERATION
2.5
Reducing Sea Clutter
2.5.1
How the A/C SEA works
Echoes from waves can be troublesome, covering the central part of the display
with random signals known as “sea clutter”. The higher the waves and the higher
the antenna is above the water, the further the clutter will extend. Sea clutter
may affect radar performance because real targets are sometimes hidden by the
echoes of small waves. (See the left-hand figure in the figure below.) When sea
clutter masks the picture, adjust the A/C SEA to reduce the clutter.
The A/C SEA reduces the amplification of echoes at short ranges (where clutter
is the greatest) and progressively increases amplification as the range increases,
so amplification will be normal at those ranges where there is no sea clutter.
Sea clutter at
screen center
A/C SEA adjusted;
sea clutter suppressed
Effect of A/C SEA
2.5.2
Adjusting A/C SEA
A/C SEA should be adjusted so that the clutter is broken up into small dots, and
small targets become distinguishable.
1. Press the [GAIN] key.
2. Press the A/C SEA soft key to show the A/C SEA setting window.
A/C SEA
¡ AUTO
¡ AUTO
¡ AUTO
¤ MAN
ROUGH
MODERATE
CALM
A/C SEA
Model 1722/C series radar
Model 1833/C series radar
A/C SEA setting window
3. When the radar source is the Model 1722/C series radar, press ▲ or ▼ to
select AUTO ROUGH, AUTO MODERATE, AUTO CALM, or MAN (manual)
as appropriate. Select an AUTO option according to sea state.
4. For manual adjustment, rotate the [ENTER] knob to adjust while observing
radar echoes. The range of adjustment is 0-100(%). Do not overadjust the
A/C SEA – weak target echoes may be missed.
2-4
2. RADAR OPERATION
5. When the radar source is the Model 1833/C series radar, A/C SEA and
A/C RAIN can be automatically adjusted. Press the A/C AT soft key to select
ON or OFF as appropriate. When turned on, it overrides A/C SEA and A/C
RAIN settings.
6. Press the [GAIN] key on the front panel or RETURN soft key to finish.
2.6
Reducing Precipitation Clutter
The vertical beamwidth of the antenna is designed to see surface targets even
when the ship is rolling. However, by this design the unit will also detect rain
clutter (rain, snow, hail, etc.) in the same manner as normal targets. Precipitation
clutter shows as random dots on the screen.
2.6.1
Adjusting the A/C RAIN
When echoes from precipitation mask solid targets, adjust the A/C RAIN. This
split up these unwanted echoes into a speckled pattern, making recognition of
solid targets easier.
1. Press the [GAIN] key.
2. Press the A/C RAIN soft key to show the A/C RAIN window.
A/C RAIN
A/C RAIN setting window
3. Rotate the [ENTER] knob to adjust the A/C RAIN affect. The current level is
shown on the A/C RAIN level bar in the A/C RAIN window, and the range of
adjustment is 0 to 100(%). Do not overadjust the A/C RAIN – weak target
echoes may be missed.
4. Press the [GAIN] key on the front panel or RETURN soft key to finish.
2-5
2. RADAR OPERATION
2.6.2
Adjusting the FTC
To suppress rain clutter from heavy storms or scattered rain clutter, adjust the
FTC. The FTC splits up these unwanted echoes into a speckled pattern, making
recognition of solid targets easier.
Note: In addition to reducing clutter, the FTC can be used in fine weather to
clarify the picture when navigating in confined waters. However, with the
circuit active the receiver is less sensitive. Therefore, turn off the FTC, by
setting it for “0”, when its function is not required.
FTC is available when the radar source is the MODEL1722 series radar.
1. Press the [GAIN] key.
2. Press the FTC soft key to show the FTC window.
FTC
FTC setting window
3. Rotate the [ENTER] knob to adjust. The range of adjustment is 0-100(%). Do
not overadjust the FTC – weak target echoes may be missed.
4. Press the [GAIN] key on the front panel or RETURN soft key to finish.
2-6
2. RADAR OPERATION
2.7
Range Scale
The range setting determines the size of the area (in nautical miles) that will
appear on your display. in addition, the range setting will also automatically
adjust the range ring interval so that accurate range measurements may be
made while operating on any range setting.
The range, range ring interval and pulselength appear at the top left-hand corner
of the display.
Press the [RANGE (+ or -)] key to change the range scale.
Range scales (nm, sm)
Range
0.125
0.25
0.5
0.75
1.5
12
16
24
36
48
64
Ring
Interval
0.0625
0.125
0.125
0.25
0.25
0.5
0.5
12
12
16
No. of
Rings
Range scales (km)
Range
0.25
0.5
0.75
1.5
12
16
24
36
48
64
Ring
Interval
0.125
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.5
0.5
12
12
16
No. of
Rings
Note 1: Maximum range depends on the network radar as shown below.
Model 1722, 1722C: 24 nm
Model 1732, 1732C, 1742, 1742C, 1752, 1752C, 1833, 1833C: 36 nm
Model 1762, 1762C, 1933, 1933C: 48 nm
Model 1943, 1943C: 64 nm
Note 2: You may choose which ranges to use from the RADAR RANGE SETUP
menu. For details see paragraph 5.2.2.
2-7
2. RADAR OPERATION
2.8
Pulselength
The pulselength in use is displayed at the upper left corner of the display.
Appropriate pulselengths are preset to individual range scales. Therefore, you
are not usually required to select them. If you are not satisfied with the current
pulselength setting, however, it is possible to change it for the 1.5 and 3 nm (sm)
ranges (3 and 6 kilometer ranges) as below. Generally, select a longer pulse for
longer detection range and shorter pulse for better range discrimination.
1.5 nm, 1.5 sm, 3 km: Short pulse, medium pulse
3 nm, 3 sm, 6 km: Middle pulse, long pulse
1. Press HIDE/SHOW to show soft the radar soft keys.
2. Set the range to 1.5 or 3 nm, whichever you want to set.
3. Press the SIGNAL PROC. soft key.
1.5/
H-UP
.500nm
SP
319.9°M
SIGNAL
PROCESS
I. REJ
LOW
E. AVG
OFF
PULSE
SHORT
E. STR
LOW
Shown when radar
source is the Model
1833/C series
network radar. Not
shown otherwise.
RETURN
359.9°R
1.40nm
Signal process soft keys
3. Press the PULSE soft key to select the pulselength setting. SHORT or
MEDIUM for 1.5 nm, 1.5 sm, 3 km and MEDIUM or LONG for 3 nm, 3 sm, 6
km.
4. Press the RETURN soft key to finish.
2-8
2. RADAR OPERATION
2.9
Presentation Mode
This unit provides four radar presentation modes: head-up, course-up, north-up
and true motion.
Heading data is required for modes other than head-up. (When you use the
network radar, input the radar source.)
2.9.1
Selecting a presentation mode
1. Press HIDE/SHOW to show soft the radar soft keys.
2. Press the RADAR DISPLY soft key to show the RADAR DISPLAY soft keys.
Current
mode
setting
.250/SP.125nm
H-UP
319.9°M
RADAR
DISPLAY
.250/SP.125nm
H-UP
319.9°M
RADAR
DISPLAY
MODE
HD UP
MODE
HD UP
SHIFT
SHIFT
RINGS
MED
RINGS
ON /OFF
HL
HL
OFF
OFF
RETURN
RETURN
359.9°R
0.24nm
MODEL1722C series
359.9°R
0.24nm
MODEL1722 series
Radar display soft keys
3. Press the MODE soft key. Each pressing of the key changes the presentation
mode and the presentation mode indication in the sequence of North-up,
True Motion, Head-up, and Course-up.
4. Press the RETURN soft key to finish.
Note: When heading data is lost, the presentation mode automatically goes to
head-up, the heading indication at the screen top shows “- - -.-°” and the
audio alarm sounds. Press the [ALARM] key to acknowledge the alarm.
The message “HEADING DATA MISSING” appears. Restore compass
signal to show heading indication. Use the MODE soft key to select
presentation mode if necessary. The audio alarm may be silenced with the
[CLEAR] key.
2-9
2. RADAR OPERATION
2.9.2
Description of presentation modes
Head-up (HU)
A display without azimuth stabilization in which the line connecting the center
with the top of the display indicates own ship’s heading. The targets are painted
at their measured distances and in their directions relative to own ship’s heading.
The short line on the bearing scale is the north marker.
North Marker
Heading Line
Head-up presentation mode
Course-up (CU)
The radar picture is stabilized and displayed with the currently selected course at
the top of the screen. As you change heading, the ship’s heading marker moves.
If you select a new course, the picture resets to display the new course at the
top of the display.
North Marker
Heading Line
Course-up presentation mode
2-10
2. RADAR OPERATION
North-up (NU)
In the north-up mode, targets are painted at their measured distances and in
their true (compass) directions from own ship. North is maintained at the top of
the screen. The heading line changes its direction according to the ship’s
heading.
North
Heading Line
North-up presentation mode
True motion (TM)
Fixed radar targets maintain a constant position on the screen, while your own
ship moves across the radar image at the correct speed and heading. A map-like
image is displayed, with all moving vessels traveling in true perspective to each
other and to fixed landmasses. As your ship’s position approaches the edge of
the screen, the radar display is automatically reset to reveal the area ahead of
your ship. You can manually reset your ship’s position at any time by pressing
the RADAR DISPLAY soft key followed by the SHIFT soft key.
North
Heading Line
True motion presentation mode
2-11
2. RADAR OPERATION
2.10
Measuring the Range
You can measure the range to a radar target three ways: by the range rings, by
the cursor, and by the VRM (Variable Range Marker).
2.10.1
Measuring range by range rings
Count the number of rings between the center of the display and the target.
Check the range ring interval and judge the distance of the echo from the inner
edge of the nearest ring.
To turn the range rings on, do the following:
1. If not displayed, press the [HIDE/SHOW] key to show the radar soft keys.
2. Press the RADAR DISPLY soft key.
.250/SP.125nm
H-UP
319.9°M
RADAR
DISPLAY
319.9°M
.250/SP.125nm
H-UP
RADAR
DISPLAY
MODE
HD UP
MODE
HD UP
SHIFT
SHIFT
RINGS
MED
RINGS
ON /OFF
HL
HL
OFF
OFF
RETURN
RETURN
359.9°R
0.24nm
359.9°R
0.24nm
MODEL1722C series
MODEL1722 series
Radar display soft keys
3. Press the RINGS soft key to select ON (MODEL1722 series) or desired
brilliance (MODEL1722C series) among LOW, MED and HIGH.
4. Press the RETURN soft key to finish.
2-12
2. RADAR OPERATION
2.10.2
Measuring range by cursor
Operate the cursor pad to place the cursor intersection on the inside edge of the
radar target. The range to the target, as well as the bearing, appears to the right
of “+” at the bottom of the display.
Target
.250/SP.125nm
H-UP
Cursor
319.9°M
SIGNAL
PROC.
RADAR
DISPLY
NAV
FUNC
TARGET
ZOOM &
D. BOX
+ 4.3°R
0.240nm
Bearing and range from own
ship to cursor position
How to measure range and bearing to a target with the cursor
2-13
2. RADAR OPERATION
2.10.3
Measuring range by VRM
1. Press the [EBL/VRM] key to display the EBL/VRM soft keys.
.250/SP.125nm
H-UP
319.9°M
EBL
VRM
EBL1
ON
VRM1
ON
OFFSET
EBL2
ON
VRM2
ON
359.9°R
0.240nm
EBL/VRM soft keys
2. Press the VRM1 ON (dotted ring VRM) or VRM2 ON (dashed ring VRM) soft
key to select the desired VRM. The selected VRM’s indication, at the bottom
of the screen, is highlighted.
3. Rotate the [ENTER] knob the place the VRM on the inside edge of a radar
target. Read the VRM indication to find range to the target.
4. You may hide the EBL/VRM soft keys by pressing the [EBL/VRM] key.
.250/SP.125nm
H-UP
319.9°M
EBL
VRM
EBL1
ON
VRM1
ON
VRM1
(Dotted line)
OFFSET
EBL2
ON
VRM2
(Dashed line)
VRM2
ON
EBL1
VRM1 range
VRM1
---.-°R
0.119nm
EBL2
VRM2
---.-°R
0.242nm
359.9°R
0.240nm
Active marker is highlighted.
VRM2 range
How to measure range with the VRM
2-14
2. RADAR OPERATION
2.10.4
Erasing a VRM, VRM indication
Press appropriate VRM soft key and press the [CLEAR] key. The VRM is erased,
and its indication becomes blank.
2.10.5
Erasing EBL/VRM data boxes
Press the EBL or VRM soft key associated with the EBL/VRM data box you wish
to erase. Press the [CLEAR] key once or twice to erase the data box.
2.10.6
Hiding EBL/VRM data boxes
Press the ZOOM & D. BOX and D. BOX ON/OFF soft keys to show or hide the
EBL/VRM data boxes.
2.10.7
Moving EBL/VRM data boxes
When an EBL/VRM data box is obscuring a target that you need to see, you can
move it to another location as shown below. This cannot be done when the
EBL/VRM soft keys are shown.
1. Press the [EBL/VRM] key to erase the EBL/VRM soft keys if shown.
2. Using the cursor pad, place the cursor inside the data box you wish to move.
As the cursor enters the box it changes to a “hand.” Push the [ENTER] knob,
and the hand changes to a fist, meaning the data box is correctly selected.
3. Use the cursor pad to drag the data box to the location desired and push the
[ENTER] knob.
2.11
Measuring the Bearing
There are two ways to measure the bearing to a target: by the cursor, and by the
EBL (Electronic bearing Line).
2.11.1
Measuring bearing by cursor
Use the cursor pad to locate the cursor to the center of the target The bearing to
the target appears in the range and bearing box at the bottom right-hand corner
on the screen, next to the “+” mark.
2.11.2
Measuring bearing by EBL
1. Press the [EBL/VRM] key.
2. Press the EBL1 ON (dotted line EBL) or EBL2 ON (dashed line EBL) soft key
to select the desired EBL. The selected EBL’s indication, at the bottom of the
screen, is highlighted.
3. Rotate the [ENTER] knob to bisect the radar target with the EBL. Read the
EBL indication to find the bearing to the target
4. You may hide the EBL/VRM soft keys by pressing the [EBL/VRM] key.
2-15
2. RADAR OPERATION
319.9°M
.250/SP.125nm
H-UP
EBL
VRM
EBL1
ON
EBL1
(Dotted line)
VRM1
ON
OFFSET
EBL2
ON
EBL2
(Dashed line)
VRM2
ON
EBL2 bearing
EBL1 bearing
R: Relative
T: True
EBL1
VRM1
330.1°R
-.---nm
EBL2
VRM2
234.1°R
-.---nm
359.9°R
0.24nm
Active marker is highlighted.
How to measure bearing with the EBL
Note: Bearing can be shown Relative to ship’s heading (relative) or in reference
to North (True). This setting may be changed by changing the EBL
REFERENCE setting, which is in the RADAR DISPLAY SETUP menu.
See the paragraph “5.2.1 Radar display setup.”
2.11.3
Erasing an EBL, EBL indication
Press appropriate EBL soft key and press the [CLEAR] key. The EBL is erased
and its indication becomes blank.
2.11.4
Erasing EBL/VRM data boxes
Press the EBL or VRM soft key associated with the EBL/VRM data box you wish
to erase. Press the [CLEAR] key once or twice to erase the data box.
2.11.5
Hiding EBL/VRM data boxes
Press the ZOOM & D. BOX and D. BOX ON/OFF soft keys to show or hide the
EBL/VRM data boxes.
2.11.6
Moving EBL/VRM data boxes
When an EBL/VRM data box is obscuring a target that you need to see, you can
move it to another location as shown below. This cannot be done when the
EBL/VRM soft keys are shown.
1. Press the [EBL/VRM] key to erase the EBL/VRM soft keys if appears.
2. Using the cursor pad, place the cursor inside the data box you wish to move.
As the cursor enters the box it changes to a “hand.” Push the [ENTER] knob,
and the hand changes to a fist, meaning the data box is correctly selected.
3. Use the cursor pad to drag the data box to the location desired and push the
[ENTER] knob.
2-16
2. RADAR OPERATION
2.12
Erasing the Heading Line, North Marker
The heading line indicates the ship's heading in all presentation modes. The
heading line is a line from the own ship position to the outer edge of the radar
display area and appears at zero degrees on the bearing scale in head-up
mode; it changes its orientation depending on the ship orientation in north-up,
course-up and true motion modes.
The north marker appears as a short dashed line. In the head-up and course-up
modes the north marker moves around the bearing scale as the ship’s heading
moves.
To temporarily erase the heading line and north marker, press the RADAR
DISPLY soft key followed by the HL OFF soft key. Release the key to redisplay
the markers.
2.13
Reducing Noise
Noise, appearing on the displays as random “speckles,” can be reduced as
follows:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Press the [MENU] key to open the menu.
Press the RADAR DISPLAY SETUP soft key.
Select NOISE REJECTION and press the EDIT soft key.
Select OFF, HIGH or LOW as appropriate.
Press the ENTER soft key or the [ENTER] knob.
Press the [MENU] key to close the menu.
2-17
2. RADAR OPERATION
2.14
Reducing Radar Interference
Radar interference may occur when near another shipborne radar that is
operating in the same frequency band as your radar. Its on-screen appearance
looks like many bright dots either scattered at random or in the form of dotted
lines extending from the center to the edge of the display. Interference effects
are distinguishable from normal echoes because they do not appear in the same
place on successive rotations of the scanner.
Be sure to turn off the interference rejection circuit when no interference exists –
weak targets may be missed.
Radar interference
1. If not displayed, press the [HIDE/SHOW] key to show the radar soft keys.
2. Press the SIGNAL PROC. soft key.
1.5/
H-UP
.500nm
SP
319.9°M
SIGNAL
PROCESS
I. REJ
LOW
E. AVG
OFF
PULSE
SHORT
E. STR
LOW
Shown when radar
source is the Model
1833/C series
network radar. Not
shown otherwise.
RETURN
359.9°R
0.240nm
Signal process soft keys
3. Press the I. REJ soft key to choose the interference rejection level desired;
LOW, MED, HIGH or OFF.
4. Press the RETURN soft key to finish.
The display shows IR L (Low), IR M (Medium) or IR H (High) when the
interference rejecter is on.
2-18
2. RADAR OPERATION
2.15
Zoom
The zoom feature allows you to double the size of the area selected with the
zoom circle, which appears at the bottom right- or left-hand corner on the display.
The zoom feature is available on any range but is inoperative in true motion and
when the display is shifted.
2.15.1
Zooming in on radar targets
1. If not displayed, press the [HIDE/SHOW] key to show the radar soft keys.
2. Press the ZOOM & D. BOX soft key to show ZOOM & D. BOX soft keys.
3. Press the ZOOM ON/OFF soft key to select ON. A solid circle, called the
“zoom circle,” appears on the display.
4. Use the cursor pad to set the cursor where you want to zoom.
5. Press the CURSOR FLOAT soft key to fix the zoom cursor position. (The
solid circle changes to a dashed one.)
6. To release the cursor, press the CURSOR FLOAT soft key. (The dashed
circle changes to a solid one.) Relocate the zoom cursor, then press the
CURSOR LOCK key.
7. To quit the zoom function, press the ZOOM ON/OFF soft key to select OFF.
.250/SP.125nm
H-UP
319.9°M
ZOOM &
D. BOX
ZOOM
ON /OFF
Zoom circle
CURSOR
FLOAT
ARPA
TGT ZM
D. BOX
ON/OFF
Zoom window
RETURN
Requires optional
ARP Board in
1833/1833C series
network radar.
Not shown when
radar source is
otherwise.
001.0°R
0.160nm
Zoom
2.15.2
Zooming ARP, TTM targets
You may zoom in on TTM targets coming into the display. TTM targets can come
from a NAVNET connected RADAR, or from other ARP RADAR that is
outputting the TTM message. Note: TTM stands for Tracked Target Message. It
is a NMEA 0183 data sentence that is an available output from some ARP
capable RADAR. TTM target numbers must be displayed to zoom in on tracked
targets. This can be done by enabling the target ID number option in the ARP
setup menu.
2-19
2. RADAR OPERATION
1.
2.
3.
4.
If not displayed, press the [HIDE/SHOW] key to show the radar soft keys.
Press the ZOOM/D.BOX soft key to show ZOOM & D.BOX soft keys.
Press the ZOOM soft key to select ZOOM ON.
Press the ARP TGT ZM soft key.
SELECT TARGET NO.
▲
▼
Target no. selection window
5. Use the [ENTER] knob to select number (1-10) and then push the [ENTER]
knob. If the target does not exist several beep sounds and the zoom function
is cancelled.
To cancel, press the CURSOR LOCK soft key.
Note: The zoom window blends in with the background when the background
color for the radar picture is white. If the window is difficult to see change the
background color.
2.16
Shifting the Picture
Own ship position, or sweep origin, can be displaced manually or automatically
to expand the view field without switching to a larger scale.
2.16.1
Manual shift
The sweep origin can be shifted in any presentation mode to a point specified by
the cursor by up to 60% of the range in use in any direction.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Locate the cursor anywhere within the effective radius of the display.
If not displayed, press the [HIDE/SHOW] key to show the radar soft keys.
Press the RADAR DISPLY soft key.
Press the SHIFT soft key.
Press the MANUAL soft key to shift. The heading line shifts to the cursor
location. SHIFT appears at right-hand corner of the display.
6. Press the RETURN soft key to finish.
7. To cancel shift, press the RADAR DISPLY, SHIFT and OFF soft keys in that
order.
2-20
2. RADAR OPERATION
SHIFT
Cursor
Place cursor
where desired.
Press the MANUAL soft key.
Shifting the picture manually
2.16.2
Automatic shift
The amount of shift is automatically calculated with speed. The maximum shift
amount is limited to 60% of the range in use. For example, if you set the shift
speed setting for 15 knots and the ship is running at 10 knots, the amount of shift
will be 40%. The formula for determining shift amount is as shown below.
Ship's speed
X 0.6 = Amount of shift(%)
Shift speed setting
Automatic shift mode is only available in the head-up mode.
Setting automatic shift maximum speed
1.
2.
3.
4.
If not displayed, press the [HIDE/SHOW] key to show the radar soft keys.
Press the RADAR DISPLY soft key.
Press the SHIFT soft key to show the shift soft keys.
Press the AUTO S.SPD soft key to display the auto ship speed setting
window.
AUTO SHIP SPEED
15
Auto ship speed setting window
5. Adjust the cursor pad or [ENTER] knob to set the maximum speed of your
vessel and then push the [ENTER] knob or the ENTER soft key to set. The
setting range is 1-999 kt and the default setting is 15 kt.
Automatic shift
Press the AUTO key to automatically shift the sweep origin. To cancel shift,
press the RADAR DISPLAY, SHIFT and OFF soft keys.
2-21
2. RADAR OPERATION
2.17
Using the Offset EBL
The offset EBL can be used to predict a potential collision course, and can also
be used to measure the range and bearing between two targets.
2.17.1
Predicting a collision course
The procedure below may be used to check if a radar target is on a collision
course with your vessel.
1. Press the [EBL/VRM] key to show the EBL/VRM soft keys.
2. Press the EBL1 ON soft key to turn on the EBL1.
3. Press the OFFSET soft key. The origin of EBL1 moves to the cursor position
and an “X” appears at the cursor position.
4. Use the cursor pad to place the cursor on the radar target which looks like it
might be on a collision course with own ship.
5. Push the [ENTER] knob to fix the origin position.
6. After waiting for a few minutes (at least three minutes), rotate the [ENTER]
knob so the EBL bisects the target at the new position. If the target tracks
along the EBL towards the center of the display (your ship’s position), the
target may be on a collision course.
7. To cancel the offset EBL, press the OFFSET soft key.
.250/SP.125nm
H-UP
319.9°M
EBL
VRM
EBL1
ON
VRM1
ON
Target tracked
here
OFFSET
Initial target
position
EBL2
ON
VRM2
ON
EBL1
VRM1
45.0°R
-.---nm
359.9°R
.0.240nm
Predicting collision course with the offset EBL
2-22
2. RADAR OPERATION
2.17.2
Measuring range & bearing between two targets
The procedure which follows shows how to measure the range and bearing
between two targets, using the targets “A” and “B” in the figure below as an
example.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
Operate the cursor pad to place the cursor on the target “A”.
Press the [EBL/VRM] key to show the EBL/VRM soft keys.
Press the EBL1 ON soft key to turn on the EBL1.
Press the OFFSET soft key. The origin of EBL1 and VRM1 moves to the
cursor position, which is marked with an “X.”
Rotate the [ENTER] knob so the EBL bisects the target “B”.
Press the [ENTER] knob.
Press the VRM1 ON soft key and then rotate the [ENTER] knob to place the
VRM1 on the inner edge of the target “B”.
Look at the indications for VRM1 and EBL1 to find the range and bearing
between the two targets.
To cancel the offset EBL, press the OFFSET key.
.250/SP.125nm
H-UP
319.9°M
EBL
VRM
EBL1
ON
VRM1
ON
Target B
OFFSET
Target A
EBL2
ON
VRM2
ON
Bearing and range
between target A
and target B
EBL1
VRM1
45.0°R
0.125nm
359.9°R
0.24nm
Measuring range and bearing between two targets
2-23
2. RADAR OPERATION
2.18
Echo Trails
Echo trails are simulated afterglow of target echoes that represent their past
movements relative to own ship. This function is useful for alerting you past
possible collision situations.
Echo trail
Sample echo trails
2.18.1
Trail time
1. If not displayed, press the [HIDE/SHOW] key to show the radar soft keys.
2. Press the TARGET soft key.
3. Press the TRAIL soft key.
.250/SP.125nm
H-UP
319.9°M
TRAIL
.250/SP.125nm
H-UP
319.9°M
TRAIL
TRAIL
ON /OFF
TRAIL
ON /OFF
TRAIL
TIME
TRAIL
TIME
GRAD
SINGLE
BRILL
HIGH
HIGH
TRAIL
COLOR
RETURN
RETURN
359.9°R
0.24nm
359.9°R
0.24nm
MODEL1722C series
MODEL1722 series
Trail soft keys
4. Press the TRAIL TIME soft key to show the trail time window.
TRAIL TIME
▲
¤ 15 seconds
¡ 30 seconds
¡ 1 minutes
¡ 3 minutes
¡ 6 minutes
¡ 15 minutes
¡ 30 minutes
¡ CONTINUOUS
▼
Trail time window
2-24
2. RADAR OPERATION
5. Use the cursor pad to select time desired.
6. Press the ENTER soft key to finish.
2.18.2
Starting echo trails
1.
2.
3.
4.
If not displayed, press the [HIDE/SHOW] key to display the radar soft keys.
Press the TARGET and TRAIL soft keys.
Press the TRAIL ON/OFF to select ON.
Press the RETURN soft key twice to finish.
“TRAIL,” the echo trail time selected and elapsed time appear at the top
right-hand corner of the display. Then, afterglow starts extending from all targets.
Trails are restarted when the range or mode is changed, and zoom or shift is
turned on.
For continuous trails the maximum continuous trail time is 99 minutes and 59
seconds. When the elapsed time clock counts up to that time, the elapsed time
display resets to zero and trail begins again.
To turn off echo trail, press the TRAIL ON/OFF soft key to select OFF at step 3 n
the above procedure.
Note: No echo trails are shown where a tx sector blanking area is set.
2.18.3
Trail brilliance (MODEL1722 series)
Trail brilliance can be selected to high or low as below.
1.
2.
3.
4.
2.18.4
If not displayed, press the [HIDE/SHOW] key to display the radar soft keys.
Press the TARGET and TRAIL soft keys.
Press the BRILL soft key to select HIGH or LOW.
Press the RETURN soft key twice to finish.
Trail gradation (MODEL1722C series)
The echo trails can be shown in single or multiple gradations. Multiple gradation
paints the trails thinner with time, like the afterglow on an analog PPI radar.
1. If not displayed, press the [HIDE/SHOW] key to display the radar soft keys.
2. Press the TARGET and TRAIL soft keys.
3. Press the GRAD soft key to select SINGLE or MULTI as appropriate.
Multitone
Monotone
Multitone and monotone trails
4. Press the RETURN soft key twice to finish.
2-25
2. RADAR OPERATION
2.18.5
Trail color (MODEL1722C series)
The MODEL1722C series may be shown echo trails in blue, yellow, green or
white.
1. If not displayed, press the [HIDE/SHOW] key to display the radar soft keys.
2. Press the TARGET, TRAIL and TRAIL COLOR soft keys.
TRAIL COLOR
▲
¤ BLUE
¡ YELLOW
¡ GREEN
¡ WHITE
▼
Trail color window
3. Use the cursor pad to select the color desired.
4. Press the ENTER soft key.
5. Press the RETURN soft key twice to finish.
2-26
2. RADAR OPERATION
2.19
Echo Stretch
Normally, the reflected echoes from long range targets appear on the display as
weaker and smaller blips even though they are compensated by the radar’s
internal circuitry. The echo stretch function magnifies these small blips in all
ranges. Two types of echo stretch are available: ES LOW which stretches
echoes in bearing direction and ES HIGH which stretches them in both range
and bearing directions.
Target
Bearing
direction
Echo Stretch OFF
"LOW" Echo stretch
Range
direction
Bearing
direction
"HIGH" Echo stretch
Types of echo stretch
This function magnifies not only targets but also sea clutter and radar
interference. For this reason, be sure sea clutter and radar interference are
properly suppressed before activating the echo stretch.
1.
2.
3.
4.
If not displayed, press the [HIDE/SHOW] key to display the radar soft keys.
Press the SIGNAL PROC. soft key.
Press the E. STR soft key to select HIGH, LOW or OFF as appropriate.
Press the RETURN soft key to finish.
The display shows ES H (High) or ES L (Low) when the echo stretch is on.
2-27
2. RADAR OPERATION
2.20
Echo Averaging
The echo average feature, available with selection of a Model 1833/C series
network radar as radar source, effectively suppresses sea clutter. Echoes
received from stable targets such as ships appear on the screen at almost the
same position during every rotation of the antenna. On the other hand, unstable
echoes such as sea clutter appear at random positions.
To distinguish real target echoes from sea clutter, echo average performs
scan-to-scan correlation. Correlation is made by storing and averaging echo
signals over successive picture frames. If an echo is solid and stable, it is
presented in its normal intensity. Sea clutter is averaged over successive scans
resulting in the reduced brilliance, making it easier to discriminate real targets
from sea clutter.
To properly use the echo average function, it is recommended to first suppress
sea clutter with the A/C SEA control and then do the following:
1. If not displayed, press the [HIDE/SHOW] key to display the radar soft keys.
2. Press the SIGNAL PROC. soft key.
3. Press the E. AVG soft key to select desired echo averaging.
OFF:
LOW:
No averaging
Helps distinguish targets from sea clutter and suppresses brilliance
of unstable echoes.
MED: Distinguishes small stationary targets such as navigation buoys.
HIGH: Stably displays distant targets.
The display shows EAV L, EAV M or EAV H when echo averaging is on.
(a) Echo average OFF
(b) Echo average ON
Effect of echo averaging
4. Press the RETURN soft key to finish.
2-28
2. RADAR OPERATION
2.21
Outputting TLL Data
Target position data can be output to units of the network and shown on their
plotter screen, with the TTL mark ( X ). This function requires position and
heading data.
1. If not displayed, press the [HIDE/SHOW] key to display the radar soft keys.
2. Operate the cursor pad to place the cursor on the target whose position you
wish to output.
3. Press the TARGET soft key.
.250/SP.125nm
H-UP
319.9°M
TARGET
TRAIL
TLL
OUTPUT
ACQ
TARGET
INFO
Shown with selection of
1833/C series network
radar equipped with ARP
function as source.
Not shown otherwise.
RETURN
359.9°R
0.240nm
TARGET soft keys
4. Press the TLL OUTPUT soft key to output target position data.
5. Press the RETURN soft key to finish.
Note: The screen of the TLL recipient may be temporarily interrupted when
receiving TLL from another NavNet display unit. Press any key to restore
normal operation.
2-29
2. RADAR OPERATION
2.22
Guard Alarm
The guard alarm allows the operator to set the desired range and bearing for a
guard zone. When ships, islands, landmasses, etc. violate the guard zone, an
audio alarm sounds and the offending target blinks to call the operator’s
attention.
CAUTION
• The alarm should not be relied upon as
the sole means for detecting possible
collision situations.
• A/C SEA, A/C RAIN and GAIN controls
should be properly adjusted to be sure
the alarm system does not overlook
target echoes.
2.22.1
Setting a guard alarm zone
To set a guard alarm zone, set the radar to transmit and do the following:
1. Press the [ALARM] key.
2. Use the cursor pad to set the cursor on the top left corner (or top right corner)
of the guard zone you want to set, then press the SET GUARD1 or SET
GUARD2 soft key, depending on which guard zone you want to set.
3. Use the cursor pad to set the cursor on the bottom right corner (or top left
corner) of the guard zone area and push the [ENTER] knob.
4. Press RETURN soft key to finish.
.250/SP.125nm
H-UP
319.9°M
ALARM
319.9°M
.250/SP.125nm
H-UP
ALARM
GUARD 1
SET
GUARD1
SET
GUARD1
MOVE +CURSOR TO
ANOTHER CORNER OF
GUARD1 AND PUSH KNOB
TO SET.
SET
GUARD2
SET
GUARD2
RETURN
RETURN
317.2°R
+0.230nm
(1) Drag cursor to top (or bottom) corner
for guard zone and press the SET
GUARD1 or SET GUARD2 soft key.
ENO19.9
ALARM
L T
.125n
.032nm
°R
+39.9
.0.230nm
(2) Drag cursor diagonally to bottom (or top)
corner for guard zone and press the [ENTER]
knob.
How to set a guard alarm zone
2-30
ERASE
GUARD1
2. RADAR OPERATION
The equipment then searches for targets inside the guard zone to determine the
guard alarm type. If a target is found inside the guard zone the guard zone type
becomes an “Outward guard alarm”, and any target exiting, the guard zone will
trigger an alarm. If no target is found the guard zone type becomes an “Inward
guard alarm”, and any targets entering the guard zone will trigger the alarm. The
guard alarm type is shown as G1(G2) IN or G1(G2) OUT.
Note 1: When the radar range is less than the guard zone range, the audio
alarm sounds and the alarm icon is displayed (red on the color model).
Press the [CLEAR] key to silence the alarm. Press the [ALARM] key and
the message “GUARD1(2) IS OUTSIDE RADAR RANGE” appears.
Reselect appropriate range.
Note 2: If the network radar is set to standby while the guard alarm is active, the
guard alarm is cancelled. The guard alarm is redisplayed when the
radar is set to transmit again.
Note 3: If the network radar is set to standby while the radar picture is not
displayed, the alarm icon appears (red on the color model) and the
alarm sounds. Press the [ALARM] key and the message “STBY MODE
HAS BEEN SELECTED. GUARD/WTCHMN CANCELED.” or
“GUARD/WATCHMAN CANCELED. STBY/TX SELECTED.” appears.
2.22.2
When the alarm is violated…
Any radar target violating the guard zone will flash, the audio alarm sounds, and
the alarm icon appears (red on the color model). Additionally the message
“TARGET ENTERED INTO GUARD1(GUARD2)” or “TARGET LEFT FROM
GUARD1(GUARD2)” is displayed at the bottom of the screen, depending on the
guard zone type. Press the [CLEAR] key to silence the alarm. When this is done,
“G1(G2) ACK” replaces G1(G2) IN(OUT) at the top right corner of the display.
This means the alarm is temporarily deactivated. To reactivate the alarm, press
the SET GUARD1 or SET GUARD2 soft key as appropriate.
2.22.3
Canceling the guard alarm
1. Press the [ALARM] key to show the ALARM menu.
2. Press the ERASE GUARD1 or ERASE GUARD2 soft key as appropriate.
3. Press the RETURN soft key to finish.
2-31
2. RADAR OPERATION
2.23
Watchman
2.23.1
How watchman works
The watchman function periodically transmits radar pulses for one minute to
check for targets in a guard zone. If a target is found in the zone, watchman is
cancelled, the audio alarm sounds and the radar continues transmitting. If no
target is found the radar goes into standby, for the number of minutes selected
on the RADAR DISPLAY SETUP menu. This feature is useful when you do not
need the radar’s function continuously but want to be alerted to radar targets in a
specific area. “WTCH” appears at the top left corner when Watchman is active.
Tx
1 min
Watchman
starts
ST-BY
1 min
5,10
or
20 min
ST-BY
Tx
5,10
or
20 min
* Beeps emitted just before radar transmits.
How watchman works
2.23.2
Turning on/off watchman
1.
2.
3.
4.
If not displayed, press the [HIDE/SHOW] key to display the radar soft keys.
Press the NAV FUNC soft key.
Press the W. MAN ON/OFF soft key to select ON or OFF as appropriate.
Press RETURN soft key to finish.
Note: When the watchman is activated and no guard zone is active, the
message “PLEASE SET GUARD ZONE. PRESS ANY KEY TO
CONTINUE.” appears. Press any key and then set a guard zone.
2.23.3
Setting watchman stand-by interval
The watchman standby period interval, that is, the number of minutes the radar
is in standby, can be set to 5, 10 or 20 minutes as follows:
1. Press the [MENU] key.
2. Press the RADAR DISPLAY SETUP soft key.
3. Select WATCHMAN TIME and press the EDIT soft key.
WATCHMAN TIME
¤
¡
¡
5 minutes
10 minutes
20 minutes
Watchman window
4. Select time desired and press the ENTER soft key.
5. Press the [MENU] key to close the menu.
2-32
2. RADAR OPERATION
2.24
Waypoint Marker
A waypoint marker, showing waypoint position output from a navigation device,
may be inscribed on the radar display. You may show or hide this marker as
desired.
.250/SP.125nm
H-UP
Waypoint
marker
319.9°M
NAV
W. MAN
ON/OFF
FUNC
WPT MK
ON /OFF
RETURN
359.9°R
0.24nm
Waypoint marker
1.
2.
3.
4.
If not displayed, press the [HIDE/SHOW] key to display the radar soft keys.
Press the NAV FUNC soft key.
Press the WPT MK ON/OFF soft key to select ON or OFF as appropriate.
Press the RETURN soft key to finish.
2-33
2. RADAR OPERATION
2.25
ARP (option), TTM operation
When the radar source is ARP-equipped Model 1833/C series network radar,
you can manually and automatically acquire and track 10 targets. Once a target
is acquired automatically or manually it is automatically tracked within 0.1 to 32
nm. When the FURUNO heading sensor PG-1000 is connected, RMC sentence
(NMEA) is required for true heading data.
Alternatively, you can display the tracks of other ships by receiving the data
sentence “TTM” through the NETWORK or NMEA port. However, targets cannot
be acquired.
Usage precautions for ARP
WARNING
No one navigational aid should be relied
upon for the safety of vessel and crew.
The navigator has the responsibility to
check all aids available to confirm
position. Electronic aids are not
a substitute for basic navigational
principles and common sense.
• This auto plotter automatically tracks an
automatically or manually acquired radar
target and calculates its course and
speed, indicating them by a vector. Since
the data generated by the auto plotter
are based on what radar targets are
selected, the radar must always be
optimally tuned for use with the auto
plotter, to ensure required targets will not
be lost or unwanted targets such as sea
returns and noise will not be acquired
and tracked.
• A target does not always mean a landmass, reef, ships or other surface vessels
but can imply returns from sea surface
and clutter. As the level of clutter changes
with environment, the operator should
properly adjust the A/C SEA, A/C RAIN
and GAIN controls to be sure target
echoes are not eliminated from the
radar screen.
2-34
CAUTION
The plotting accuracy and response of
this auto plotter meets IMO standards.
Tracking accuracy is affected by the
following:
• Tracking accuracy is affected by course
change. One to two minutes is required to
restore vectors to full accuracy after an
abrupt course change. (The actual
amount depends on gyrocompass
specifications.)
• The amount of tracking delay is inversely
proportional to the relative speed of the
target. Delay is on the order of 15-30
seconds for high relative speed; 30-60
seconds for low relative speed.
Display accuracy is affected by the
following:
• Echo intensity
• Radar transmission pulsewidth
• Radar bearing error
• Gyrocompass error
• Course change (own ship or target)
2. RADAR OPERATION
2.25.1
Activating/deactivating ARP, TTM
1. Press the [MENU] key followed by the ARP SETUP soft key to show the ARP
SETUP menu.
ARP TARGET INFO
INTERNAL ARP
CANCEL ALL TARGETS
NO
ARP VECTOR MODE
TRUE
ARP VECTOR TIME
30 minutes
HISTORY INTERVAL
OFF
CPA
OFF
TCPA
30 seconds
AUTO ACQUISITION AREA
OFF
TARGET ID NUMBER
OFF
ARP
SETUP
EDIT
RETURN
ARP setup menu
2. Select ARP TARGET INFO, and then press the EDIT soft key to show the
ARP target info window.
ARP TARGET INFO
▲
¤ INTERNAL ARP
¡ EXTERNAL ARP
¡ OFF
▼
ARP target info window
3. Select INTERNAL ARP, EXTERNAL ARP or OFF as appropriate.
INTERNAL ARP: The radar source must be the MODEL1833/C series radar.
Select this item also for a NavNet unit being fed ARP targets.
EXTERNAL ARP: Receive TTM data sentence via NETWORK or NMEA port.
Target tracks are shown but targets cannot be acquired.
OFF: Turns off the ARP or TTM display.
4. Press the ENTER soft key.
5. Press the [MENU] key to close the menu.
2-35
2. RADAR OPERATION
2.25.2
Acquiring and tracking targets (ARP only)
Ten targets may be acquired and tracked manually and automatically. When you
attempt to acquire an eleventh target, the message “ARP FULL – ALREADY
TRACKING 10 TARGETS!” appears for five seconds. To acquire another target,
terminate tracking of an unnecessary target as shown in the paragraph 2.25.4.
Manual acquisition
1.
2.
3.
4.
If not displayed, press the [HIDE/SHOW] key to display the radar soft keys.
Press the TARGET soft key.
Place the cursor on the target to acquire and press the ACQ soft key.
Press the RETURN soft key.
The plot symbol changes its shape according to its status as below. A vector
appears about one minute after acquisition, indicating the target’s motion trend.
Vector
01*
01*
At acquisition
1 min. after
acquisition
01*
3 min. after
acquisition
Target Number
* = Target number shown when TARGET ID NUMBER is
turned on in the ARP SETUP menu.
ARP plot symbols
Automatic acquisition
The ARP can acquire up to ten targets automatically by setting an automatic
acquisition area. When automatic acquisition is selected after acquiring targets
manually, only the remaining capacity for targets may be automatically acquired.
For example, if seven targets have been manually acquired, three targets may
be automatically acquired.
1.
2.
3.
4.
Press the [MENU] key to show the main menu.
Press the ARP SETUP soft key to show the ARP SETUP menu.
Operate the cursor pad to select AUTO ACQUISITION AREA.
Press the EDIT soft key to show the automatic acquisition area window.
AUTO ACQ. AREA
▲
¤ OFF
¡ ON
▼
Automatic acquisition area window
5. Select ON.
6. Press the ENTER soft key.
2-36
2. RADAR OPERATION
7. Press the [MENU] key to close the menu. An acquisition area of 2.0 to 2.5
miles in range and ±45º on either side of the heading line in bearing appears.
Note: Targets being tracked in automatic acquisition are continuously
tracked when switching to manual acquisition.
Automatic acquisition area
45° starboard
45° port
2.0 - 2.5 nm
Automatic acquisition area
2.25.3
Displaying target number (internal, external ARP)
Target number can be shown for ARP and TTM targets as below.
.250/SP.125nm
H-UP
319.9°T
TARGET
TRAIL
TLL
OUTPUT
01
ACQ
ARP
Target
Number
TARGET
INFO
RETURN
359.9°R
0.240nm
ARP target number
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Press the [MENU] key.
Press the ARP SETUP soft key.
Select TARGET ID NUMBER.
Press the EDIT soft key.
Select ON or OFF (default setting) as appropriate.
Press the ENTER soft key.
Press the [MENU] key to close the menu.
2-37
2. RADAR OPERATION
2.25.4
Terminating tracking of ARP targets
When 10 targets have been acquired, no more targets may be acquired unless
targets are cancelled. If you need to acquire additional targets, you must first
cancel one or more individual targets, or all of the targets, using one of the
procedures below.
Terminating tracking of selected targets
1. Place the cursor on the target to terminate tracking.
2. Press the [CLEAR] key to erase to terminate tracking and erase the target.
Terminating tracking of all targets
1. Press the [MENU] key followed by the ARP SETUP soft key.
2. Select CANCEL ALL TARGETS.
3. Press the EDIT soft key.
CANCEL ALL TARGETS
▲
¡ YES
¤ NO
▼
Cancel all targets window
4. Select YES.
5. Press the ENTER soft key.
6. Press the [MENU] key to close the menu.
2-38
2. RADAR OPERATION
2.25.5
Setting vector attributes (ARP)
What is a vector?
A vector is a line extending from a tracked target which shows estimated speed
and course of the target. The vector tip shows an estimated position of the target
after the selected vector time elapses. It can be useful to extend the vector
length in order to evaluate the risk of collision with any target.
Vector
Vector
Vector reference, vector time
You may reference the vectors to North (True) or ship’s heading (relative) as
desired. Vector time can be set to 30 seconds, 1, 3, 6, 15 or 30 minutes.
1. Press the [MENU] key followed by the ARP SETUP soft key to show the ARP
SETUP menu.
2. Operate the cursor pad to select ARP VECTOR MODE.
3. Press the EDIT soft key to show the vector mode window.
ARP VECTOR MODE
¤
¡
RELATIVE
TRUE
Vector mode window
4. Select TRUE or RELATIVE as appropriate.
5. Press the ENTER soft key.
6. Select ARP VECTOR TIME, and then press the EDIT soft key to show the
ARP vector time window.
ARP VECTOR TIME
▲
¤ 30 seconds
¡ 1 minute
¡ 3 minutes
¡ 6 minutes
¡ 15 minutes
¡ 30 minutes
▼
ARP vector time window
7. Operate the cursor pad to select vector time among 30 sec, 1 min, 3 min, 6
min, 15 min and 30 min.
8. Press the ENTER soft key.
9. Press the [MENU] key to close the menu.
2-39
2. RADAR OPERATION
2.25.6
Displaying past position display (ARP)
This ARP can display time-spaced dots (maximum 10 dots) marking the past
positions of any targets being tracked. You can evaluate a target’s actions by the
spacing between dots. Below are examples of dot spacing and target movement.
(a) Ship turning
(b) Ship running
straight
(c) Ship reduced
speed
(d) Ship increased
speed
Past position displays
To turn the past position display on or off:
1. Press the [MENU] key followed by the ARP SETUP soft key.
2. Operate the cursor pad to select HISTORY INTERVAL.
3. Press the EDIT soft key to show the plot interval window.
HISTORY INTERVAL
▲
¤ OFF
¡ 30 seconds
¡ 1 minutes
¡ 3 minutes
¡ 6 minutes
▼
History interval window
4. Operate the cursor pad to select plotting interval among 30 sec, 1 min, 3 min
and 6 min, or select OFF to turn off the past position display.
5. Press the ENTER soft key.
6. Press the [MENU] key to close the menu.
2-40
2. RADAR OPERATION
2.25.7
ARP, TTM target data
This ARP calculates motion trends (range, bearing, course, speed, CPA and
TCPA) of all target been tracked. You can show this data for a tracked target as
below. TARGET ID NUMBER, in the ARP SETUP menu, must be turned on to
show ARP target data.
1. Place the cursor on the target whose data you want to see.
2. If not displayed, press the [HIDE/SHOW] key to display the radar soft keys.
3. Press the TARGET and TARGET INFO soft keys. The data of the selected
target appears at the bottom left-hand corner of the display. (If an EBL/VRM
data box is displayed the ARP data box will be under it.)
4. Press the RETURN soft key to finish.
5. To erase the ARP target data box, select the corresponding target with the
cursor and press the [CLEAR] key.
.250/SP.125nm
H-UP
TARGET
Cursor
ARP
Target
319.9°T
TRAIL
TLL
OUTPUT
ACQ
01
TARGET
INFO
RETURN
No.01 VECTOR TRUE 15min
CSE 359.9°T SPD 12.5kt
CPA 2nm TCPA 12.35
359.9°R
0.240nm
CPA and TCPA
Course and Speed
Target No., Vector Reference (True), Vector Time
ARP target data
2-41
2. RADAR OPERATION
2.25.8
CPA/TCPA alarm (ARP)
When the predicted CPA of any target becomes smaller than a preset CPA alarm
range or its predicted TCPA less than a preset TCPA alarm limit, an audio alarm
sounds, which you may silence with the [CLEAR] key. In addition, the target plot
symbol of the offending target changes to a triangle and flashes together with its
vector. Press the [ALARM] key and the message COLLISION ALARM appears.
Press the CLEAR ALARM soft key to acknowledge the alarm. The flashing of the
triangle plot symbol continues until you intentionally terminate tracking of the
target. The ARP continuously monitors the predicted range at the Closest Point
of Approach (CPA) and predicted time to CPA (TCPA) of each target to own ship.
Provided that this feature is used correctly, it will help prevent the risk of collision
by alerting you to threatening targets. It is important that gain, A/C SEA, A/C
RAIN and other radar controls are properly adjusted and the ARP is set up so
that it can track targets effectively.
CPA/TCPA alarm ranges must be set up properly taking into consideration the
size, tonnage, speed, turning performance and other characteristics of own ship.
CAUTION
The CPA/TCPA alarm should never be
relied upon as the sole means for detecting the risk of collision. The navigator is
not relieved of the responsibility to keep
visual lookout for avoiding collisions,
whether or not the radar or other plotting
aid is in use.
Follow the steps shown below to set the CPA/TCPA alarm range:
1. Press the [MENU] key followed by the ARP SETUP soft key.
2. Operate the cursor pad to select CPA.
3. Press the EDIT soft key to show the CPA window.
CPA
▲
¤
¡
¡
¡
¡
¡
¡
▼
OFF
0.5nm
1nm
2nm
3nm
5nm
6nm
CPA window
4.
5.
6.
7.
2-42
Select a CPA limit desired by the cursor pad.
Press the ENTER soft key. The ARP SETUP menu reappears.
Press the cursor pad to select TCPA.
Press the EDIT soft key to show the TCPA window.
2. RADAR OPERATION
TCPA
▲
¤
¡
¡
¡
¡
¡
¡
¡
▼
30 seconds
1 minute
2 minutes
3 minutes
4 minutes
5 minutes
6 minutes
12 minutes
TCPA window
8. Select a TCPA limit.
9. Press the ENTER soft key.
10. Press the [MENU] key to close the menu.
2.25.9
Lost target alarm (ARP)
When the system detects a lost target, the target symbol becomes a diamond
and tracking is discontinued after one minute.
Lost target mark
Canceling a lost target
1. Place the cursor on the target.
2. Press the [CLEAR] key.
2-43
2. RADAR OPERATION
2.26
Interpreting the Radar Display
2.26.1
General
Minimum and maximum ranges
Minimum range
The minimum range is defined by the shortest distance at which, using a scale of
1.5 or 0.75 nm, a target having an echoing area of 10 m2 is still shown separate
from the point representing the antenna position. It is mainly dependent on the
pulselength, antenna height, and signal processing such as main bang
suppression and digital quantization.
Maximum range
The maximum detecting range of the radar, Rmax, varies considerably
depending on several factors such as the height of the antenna above the
waterline, the height of the target above the sea, the size, shape and material of
the target, and atmospheric conditions.
Under normal atmospheric conditions, the maximum range is equal to the radar
horizon or a little shorter. The radar horizon is longer than the optical one by
about 6% because of the diffraction property of the radar signal. Rmax is given
in the following equation.
Rmax = 2.2 x ( h1 + h2 )
where
Rmax: radar horizon (nautical miles)
h1:
antenna height (m)
h2:
target height (m)
Radar horizon
Optical horizon
Radar horizon
For example, if the height of the antenna above the waterline is 9 meters and the
height of the target is 16 meters, the maximum radar range is;
Rmax= 2.2 x ( 9 + 16 ) = 2.2 x (3 + 4) = 15.4 nm
It should be noted that the detection range is reduced by precipitation (which
absorbs the radar signal).
2-44
2. RADAR OPERATION
Radar resolution
There are two important factors in radar resolution (discrimination): bearing
resolution and range resolution.
Bearing resolution
Bearing resolution is the ability of the radar to display the
echoes received from two targets, which are at the same range and close
together, as separate targets. Bearing resolution is directly proportional to the
antenna length, and inversely proportional to the radar's wavelength.
Range resolution
Range resolution is the ability to display the echoes received
from two targets, which are on the same bearing and close to each other, as
separate targets.
Bearing accuracy
One of the most important features of the radar is how accurately the bearing of
a target can be measured. The accuracy of bearing measurement basically
depends on the narrowness of the radar beam. However, the bearing is usually
taken relative to the ship’s heading, and thus, proper adjustment of the heading
marker at installation is an important factor in ensuring bearing accuracy. To
minimize error when measuring the bearing of a target, select a range which will
put the target as far out to the edge of the radar screen as possible.
Range measurement
Measurement of the range to a target is also a very important function of the
radar. Generally, there are two means of measuring range: the fixed range rings
and the variable range marker (VRM). The fixed range rings appear on the
screen with a predetermined interval and provide a rough estimate of the range
to a target. The variable range marker’s diameter is increased or decreased so
that the marker touches the inner edge of the target, allowing the operator to
obtain more accurate range measurements.
2-45
2. RADAR OPERATION
2.26.2
False echoes
Occasionally echo signals appear on the screen at positions where there is no
target, or disappear even if there are targets. False target situations may be
recognized, however, if you understand why they are displayed. Typical false
echoes are shown below.
Multiple echoes
Multiple echoes occur when a transmitted pulse returns from a solid object like a
large ship, bridge, or breakwater. A second, a third or more echoes may be
observed on the display at double, triple or other multiples of the actual range of
the target as shown below. Multiple reflection echoes can be reduced and often
removed by decreasing the gain (sensitivity) or properly adjusting the [A/C SEA]
control.
True
echo
Target
Own ship
Multiple
echo
Multiple echoes
Sidelobe echoes
Every time the radar pulse is transmitted, some radiation escapes on each side
of the beam. This stray RF is called sidelobe. If a target exists where it can be
detected by the side lobes as well as the main lobe, the side echoes may be
represented on both sides of the true echo at the same range. Sidelobes appear
usually only on short ranges and from strong targets. They can be reduced
through careful reduction of the gain or proper adjustment of the A/C SEA
control.
Target A
Target B
(Spurious) Target B
(True)
Sidelobe echoes
2-46
2. RADAR OPERATION
Virtual image
A relatively large target close to your ship may be shown at two positions on the
screen. One of them is the true echo directly reflected by the target and the other
is a false echo which is caused by the mirror effect of a large object on or close
to your ship as shown in the figure below. If your ship comes close to a large
metal bridge, for example, such a false echo may temporarily be seen on the
screen.
Target ship
;;
;;
;;
;;
;;
;;
;;
;;
;;
;;
;;
Own
ship
;;
;;
;;
;;
;;
;;
;;
;;
;;
; True
;;
;; echo
;;
Mirror image
of target ship
False
echo
Virtual image
Shadow sectors
Funnels, stacks, masts, or derricks in the path of the antenna block the radar
beam. If the angle subtended at the antenna is more than a few degrees, a
non-detecting sector or blind spot may be produced. Within this sector, targets
can not be detected.
Radar
antenna
Radar
mast
Shadow sector
Shadow sectors
2-47
2. RADAR OPERATION
2.26.3
SART (Search and Rescue Transponder)
A Search and Rescue Transponder (SART) may be triggered by any X-Band (3
cm) radar within a range of approximately 8 nm. Each radar pulse received
causes it to transmit a response which is swept repetitively across the complete
radar frequency band. When interrogated, it first sweeps rapidly (0.4 µs) through
the band before beginning a relatively slow sweep (7.5 µs) through the band
back to the starting frequency. This process is repeated for a total of twelve
complete cycles. At some point in each sweep, the SART frequency will match
that of the interrogating radar and be within the pass band of the radar receiver.
If the SART is within range, the frequency match during each of the 12 slow
sweeps will produce a response on the radar display, thus a line of 12 dots
equally spaced by about 0.64 nautical miles will be shown.
When the range to the SART is reduced to about 1 nm, the radar display may
show also the 12 responses generated during the fast sweeps. These additional
dot responses, which also are equally spaced by 0.64 nm, will be interspersed
with the original line of 12 dots. They will appear slightly weaker and smaller
than the original dots.
Screen B: When SART
is close
Screen A: When SART
is distant
Echo of SART
Lines of 12 dots
are displayed in
concentric arcs.
Radar antenna
beamwidth
24 NM
Echo of
SART
1.5 NM
Position of
SART
Own ship's
position
9500 MHz
9200 MHz
Own ship's
position
SART mark
length
7.5 µs
Sweep time
Position of
SART
Radar receiver
bandwidth
95 µs
Low speed sweep signal
Sweep start
High speed sweep signal
Appearance of SART signal on the radar display
2-48
2. RADAR OPERATION
General procedure for detecting SART response
1. Use the range scale of 6 or 12 nm as the spacing between the SART
responses is about 0.6 nm (1125 m) to distinguish the SART.
2. Turn off the automatic clutter suppression (if applicable).
3. Turn off the Interference Rejector.
General remarks on receiving SART
SART range errors
When responses from only the 12 low frequency sweeps are visible (when the
SART is at a range greater than about 1 nm), the position at which the first dot is
displayed may be as much as 0.64 nm beyond the true position of the SART.
When the range closes so that the fast sweep responses are seen also, the first
of these will be no more than 150 meters beyond the true position.
Radar bandwidth
This is normally matched to the radar pulselength and is usually switched with
the range scale and the associated pulselength. Narrow bandwidths of 3-5 MHz
are used with long pulses on long range and wide bandwidths of 10-25 MHz with
short pulses on short ranges.
Any radar bandwidth of less than 5 MHz will attenuate the SART signal slightly,
so it is preferable to use a medium bandwidth to ensure optimum detection of
the SART.
Radar side lobes
As the SART is approached, sidelobes from the radar antenna may show the
SART responses as a series of arcs or concentric rings. These can be removed
by the use of the [A/C SEA] control although it may be operationally useful to
observe the sidelobes as they may be easier to detect in clutter conditions and
also they will confirm that the SART is near to the ship.
Gain
For maximum range SART detection the normal gain setting for long range
detection should be used, that is, with background noise speckle visible.
2-49
2. RADAR OPERATION
A/C SEA control
For optimum range SART detection, this control should be set to the minimum.
Care should be exercised as wanted target in sea clutter may be obscured. Note
also that in clutter conditions the first few dots of the SART response may not be
detectable, irrespective of the setting of the anti-clutter sea control. In this case,
the position of the SART may be estimated by measuring 9.5 nm from the
furthest dot back towards own ship.
Some sets have automatic/manual anti-clutter sea control facilities in which case
the operator should switch to manual.
A/C RAIN control
This should be used normally (to break up areas of rain) when trying to detect a
SART response which, being a series of dots, is not affected by the action of the
anti-clutter rain circuitry. Note that racon responses, which are often in the form
of a long flash, will be affected by the use of this control.
Some sets have automatic/manual anti-clutter rain control facilities in which case
the operator should switch to manual.
Note: This SART information is excerpted from IMO SN/Circ 197 Operation of
Marine Radar for SART Detection.
2.26.4
Racon (Radar Beacon)
A racon is a radar transponder which emits a characteristic signal when triggered
by a ship’s radar (usually only the 3 centimeter band). The signal may be emitted
on the same frequency as that of the triggering radar, in which case it is
superimposed on the ship's radar display automatically.
The racon signal appears on the PPI as a radial line originating at a point just
beyond the position of the radar beacon or as a Morse code signal (see figure
below) displayed radially from just beyond the beacon.
Racon
Appearance of racon signal on the radar display
2-50
3.
PLOTTER OPERATION
3.1 Plotter Displays
You may show the plotter display over the entire screen, in the overlay screen
(MODEL1722C series), or in a combination screen. Press the [DISP] key to
show the screen selection window, and then rotate the [ENTER] knob to select
PLOT, NAV or OVRLY (overlay) as appropriate.
3.1.1
Full-screen plotter display
Presentation mode
Nav data window
(North-up)
(Data changes with NAV soft
key setting and cursor
Trip distance
status. For details see next page.)
34° 22. 3456'N
080° 22. 3456'E
Scale
359.9°
19.9 kt
16.0nm
TRIP NU
99.9 nm
MARK
ENTRY
SI
MODE
NTH UP
Icon (from left)
North Marker
Chart
Alarm
Battery
Track Hold
Chart Offset
Save
L/L Offset
Battery
Simulation
(See icon
table on
page A-14
for details.)
NAV
POS
002WP
Functions for
soft keys
D. BOX
ON/ OFF
FISH
BRIDGE
Waypoint name
Own ship
marker
Course bar
Waypoint marker
Own ship
track
Full-screen plotter display
Note: The own ship marker blinks when the GP-310B loses the GPS signal. For
the NavNet display units receiving the GPS signal, the message “No GPS
fix!” appears approx. one minute after the signal is lost and is
accompanied by the audio alarm. For the NavNet display unit connected
to the GP-310B, the visual alarm is released soon after loss and the audio
alarm sounds five minutes later.
3-1
3. PLOTTER OPERATION
Nav data window
The data shown in the nav data window depends on the status of the NAV soft
key and the cursor.
Presentation
Mode
Latitude and longitude
of cursor intersection
Latitude, Longitude
Bearing to Cursor
34°24. 3456'N
+ 124°24.
3456'W
359. 9°M
59.9nm
Cursor Mark
NU
TRIP
99. 9nm
Trip Distance
Range to
Cursor
Presentation
Mode
Waypoint data
(waypoint selected
with cursor)
Waypoint Name
001WPT
Waypoint Mark
Own ship
position
NAV
POS
soft key
Bearing to Waypoint
359. 9°M 359. 9°M TRIP
NU
19. 9nm 19. 9kt 99. 9nm
Range to Waypoint
Latitude, Longitude
Course
Speed
Trip Distance
Presentation
Mode
Course
34°24. 3456'N
124°24. 3456'W
Own Ship Mark
359. 9° M TRIP
NU
19. 9kt 99. 9nm
Speed
Trip Distance
Time-to-Go
to Destination
Destination NAV
WPT
waypoint
data
soft key
Waypoint Name
Bearing to Waypoint
001WPT
Waypoint Mark
359. 9°M TTG4D02H23M NU
19. 9nm ETA1st 13:45
Range to Waypoint
Presentation
Mode
Estimated Time of
Arrival
Presentation
Mode
Own ship NAV
speed and S/C
course
soft key
Turns off NAV
nav data OFF
window soft key
Course, Speed
CSE 359. 9°
SOG 19. 9kt
Bearing to Waypoint
BRG
RNG
359. 9 ° M
99. 9nm
Range
to
Waypoint
TMP 79. 9°F
DPT 345 ft
Water Temp., * Requires appropriate
Depth*
sensor.
Contents of nav data window
3-2
NU

---

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