Garmin 0163700 Receiver used w/Pt 15 Transmitter User Manual
Garmin International Inc Receiver used w/Pt 15 Transmitter
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Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL Direct-To Proc 8.4 VOR The VOR page of the Waypoint Info function provides a variety of detailed information about the VOR. The top left area of the page displays the VOR identifier, name, city and state, and region. The top center area shows the lat/lon coordinates of the VOR and the bearing (with direction arrow) and distance to the VOR from your present position. The top right area shows the frequency in a key. Select another Waypoint by touching the Waypoint Identifier key, entering the characters for the desired name with the alphanumeric keypad, and then touching the Enter key. You may also search through the list by touching the Find key and then choosing from the existing list of waypoints by touching the desired waypoint from the list. The center area of the page shows a map with the VOR in the center. 1. While viewing the Waypoint Info page, touch the VOR key. Charts Distance & Bearing To VOR VOR Frequency - Touch To Insert Into Nav Standby From Current Position Wpt Info Map Traffic VOR Identifier, Symbol, & Name VOR Location & Region VOR Class Nearest Nearest Airport Information Magnetic Variation VOR Area Map Terrain Weather VOR Lat/Lon VOR Symbol & Identifier Touch & Move Finger While Pressing To Pan Map Map Scale Services/ Music Touch To Zoom Figure 8-16 Waypoint Info - VORs Utilities 2. Use the In and Out keys to zoom in and out on the map. You may touch the map window and while lightly pressing the display, drag your finger to move the map view. System Messages 3. Touch the Frequency key next to load it as the Nav standby frequency. Symbols Appendix Index 8-12 190-01007-03-Final.indb 12 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 190-01007-03 Rev. J 7/9/2015 2:07:27 PM 8.5 NDB Foreword The NDB page of the Waypoint Info function provides a variety of detailed information about the NDB. The top left area of the page displays the NDB identifier, name, city and state, and region. The top center area shows the lat/lon coordinates of the NDB and the bearing (with direction arrow) and distance to the NDB from your present position. The top right area shows the frequency in a key. Select another Waypoint by touching the Waypoint Identifier key, entering the characters for the desired name with the alphanumeric keypad, and then touching the Enter key. You may also search through the list by touching the Find key and then choosing from the existing list of waypoints by touching the desired waypoint from the list. The center area of the page shows a map with the NDB in the center. 1. While viewing the Waypoint Info page, touch the NDB key. Distance & Bearing To NDB From Current Position Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL Direct-To Proc Charts Wpt Info NDB Frequency Map NDB Identifier, Symbol, & Name NDB Location & Region Marker Description NDB Lat/Lon Nearest Airport Information Traffic Terrain NDB Symbol & Identifier NDB Area Map Weather Nearest Touch & Move Finger While Pressing To Pan Map Services/ Music Map Scale Touch To Zoom Figure 8-17 Waypoint Info for NDBs Utilities System 2. Use the In and Out keys to zoom in and out on the map. You may touch the map window and while lightly pressing the display, drag your finger to move the map view. Messages Symbols Appendix 190-01007-03 Rev. J 190-01007-03-Final.indb 13 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 8-13 Index 7/9/2015 2:07:27 PM Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL Direct-To Proc Charts Wpt Info 8.6 User Waypoints (User) In addition to the airport, VOR, NDB and intersection information contained in your Jeppesen NavData® card, the GTN 7XX allows you to store up to 1,000 user-defined waypoints. The User Waypoint Page displays the waypoint name (up to six characters long), identifier and radial from two reference waypoints, distance from one reference waypoint, along with the user waypoint’s lat/lon position. The following descriptions and abbreviations appear on the User Waypoint Page: • Ref Wpt — Reference waypoint identifier (name) • Radial — Radial from reference waypoint, in degrees magnetic or degrees true (depending upon unit configuration) • Distance — Distance from reference waypoint, in nautical miles/statute miles/kilometers (depending upon unit configuration) • Lat/Lon — Latitude/Longitude (degrees/minutes) Distance & Bearing To Wpt From Current Position Map Traffic Identifier, Symbol, & References Reference Wpt Delete Wpt Wpts Used Terrain View All Wpts Weather Edit Wpt Nearest Services/ Music Utilities Wpt Symbol & Identifier Area Map Touch & Move Finger While Pressing To Pan Map Map Scale Touch To Zoom System Messages Symbols Appendix Index Figure 8-18 Waypoint Info for a User Waypoint Select another Waypoint by touching the Waypoint Identifier key, entering the characters for the desired name with the alphanumeric keypad, and then touching the Enter key. You may also search through the list by touching the View All key and then choosing from the existing list of User waypoints by touching the desired waypoint from the list. 8-14 190-01007-03-Final.indb 14 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 190-01007-03 Rev. J 7/9/2015 2:07:27 PM 8.6.1 Select User Waypoint By Name Foreword 1. While viewing the User Waypoint page, touch the User Waypoint Name. 8.6.2 Getting Started 2. Use the keypad to select the characters for the name and then touch Enter. Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Select User Waypoint From A List Com/Nav 1. While viewing the Waypoint Info page, touch the User Waypoint key. 2. Touch the View All key and then use the Up and Down keys to view the waypoints on the list. FPL Direct-To Proc User Waypoint List Name Charts Wpt Info User Waypoint List User Waypoint Type Map Traffic Terrain Weather Nearest Figure 8-19 Waypoint Info User Waypoint List 8.6.3 Services/ Music Edit User Waypoint 1. Select the desired User Waypoint and touch the Edit key. 2. Touch the key for the desired information and make changes as needed. 8.6.4 Delete User Waypoint 1. Select the desired User Waypoint and touch the Delete key. 2. Touch the OK key to confirm deleting the selected waypoint. Utilities System Messages Symbols Appendix 190-01007-03 Rev. J 190-01007-03-Final.indb 15 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 8-15 Index 7/9/2015 2:07:27 PM Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl 8.7 Create Waypoint User waypoints are created from the Create User Waypoint page. To create a new user waypoint, simply enter its name (identifier) and position, or reference another waypoint by radial and distance. Waypoint Name Com/Nav FPL Direct-To Proc Charts Wpt Info Waypoint Type Temporary Waypoint Touch To Setup Ref Wpt 1 Touch To Setup Ref Wpt 2 Touch to Finalize Waypoint Creation Touch to Cancel Waypoint Creation Touch To Zoom Figure 8-20 Waypoint Info - Create User Waypoint Map 1. From the Waypoint Info page, touch the Create Waypoint key. 2. Touch the User Identifier key. Traffic Terrain 3. Use the alphanumeric keypad to make the waypoint name (up to six characters) and then touch the Enter key. Weather Nearest Map Area Around Waypoint Waypoint Comment Backspace Key Clears Wpt Name User Waypoint Name Services/ Music Utilities Cursor Movement Keys Alphanumeric Keypad System Messages Symbols Appendix Index Touch Enter After Creating Name Touch To Cancel Creating Name Figure 8-21 Waypoint Info - Create User Waypoint Name 8-16 190-01007-03-Final.indb 16 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 190-01007-03 Rev. J 7/9/2015 2:07:27 PM 4. Touch the Comment key to add a short comment for the new waypoint. 5. Touch the Position Type key and then Lat/Lon, Radial/Radial, or Radial/Distance to assign the type. See the following instructions for more detail. Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav Touch to Select the Desired Waypoint Position Type FPL Direct-To Proc Charts Figure 8-22 Waypoint Info - Create User Position Type 6. If desired, touch the Temporary? key to create the waypoint for only temporary use. Temporary waypoints will be removed when the power is cycled. 8.7.1 Wpt Info Map 7. When finished with all selections, touch the Create key to create the new waypoint. Traffic Mark On Target Terrain If an external Mark On Target (MOT) switch is installed, pressing that switch will result in the creation of a User waypoint called MOTxxx at the point in space where the MOT switch was pushed. The waypoints are created in increasing numeric order up to number 999, at which point they will start replacing existing waypoints at the beginning of the list. When a Mark on Target waypoint is created, it may not be immediately visible on the moving map page because the ownship icon will be directly on top of the waypoint. Creation of the waypoint can be verified by changing zoom scales on the map or viewing the User Waypoints page. Weather Nearest Services/ Music Utilities System Messages NOTE: This feature is available in software version 4.00 and later. Symbols Appendix 190-01007-03 Rev. J 190-01007-03-Final.indb 17 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 8-17 Index 7/9/2015 2:07:28 PM Foreword 8.7.2 Waypoint Location Based on Lat/Lon Coordinates 1. From the Create User Waypoint page, touch the Position Type key and then the Lat/Lon key. Then, touch the Latitude/ Longitude value key. Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Touch to Select Lat/Lon Waypoint Reference Type Com/Nav FPL Direct-To Proc Charts Figure 8-23 Waypoint Info - Create User Waypoint Type - Lat/Lon 2. The Lat/Lon coordinate values will be highlighted. Touch the Lat or Lon key to toggle selection of the hemisphere values and highlight the selected value. Wpt Info Map Traffic Terrain Weather When The Lat Key Is Touched, The Latitude Hemisphere Value Is Active For Selection Touch To Toggle Lat/Lon Touch to Select Numeric Values Nearest Services/ Music Touch to Select Hemisphere Value Utilities System Messages Figure 8-24 Lat/Lon Coordinate Selection 3. Touch the desired hemisphere keys to select the desired values. After selecting the hemisphere value, the cursor will advance to the first character of the adjacent numeric value for selection. Symbols Appendix Index 8-18 190-01007-03-Final.indb 18 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 190-01007-03 Rev. J 7/9/2015 2:07:28 PM Even when the hemisphere values are highlighted, touching the numeric keys will always place the cursor at the first numeric value. The Large knob may also be used for cursor movement and characters are selected with the Small knob. NOTE: When editing values, turn the Large knob counter-clockwise to backspace or move the cursor to the left. 4. As each value is selected, the cursor will advance to the next character. Touch the necessary key for the desired values. 5. When finished with the Lat/Lon selections, touch the Enter key. 6. When finished with all selections, touch the Create key to create the new waypoint. 8.7.3 Waypoint Location Based on Two Radials Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL Direct-To Proc Charts 1. From the Create User Waypoint page, touch the Position Type key and then the Radial/Radial key. Wpt Info Map Traffic Touch to Select Radial/Radial Waypoint Reference Type Terrain Weather Nearest Figure 8-25 Waypoint Info - Create User Waypoint Type - Radial/Radial 2. Touch the Ref Wpt key and use the alphanumeric keypad to select the desired identifier. Services/ Music 3. Touch the upper Radial key and use the alphanumeric keypad to select the desired value. Utilities System 4. Touch the Enter key. Messages 5. When finished with all selections, touch the Create key to create the new waypoint. Symbols Appendix 190-01007-03 Rev. J 190-01007-03-Final.indb 19 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 8-19 Index 7/9/2015 2:07:28 PM Foreword 8.7.4 Waypoint Location Based on Radial and Distance 1. From the Create User Waypoint page, touch the Position Type key and then the Radial/Distance key. Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav Touch to Select Radial/Distance Waypoint Reference Type FPL Direct-To Proc Figure 8-26 Waypoint Info - Create User Waypoint Type - Radial/Distance 2. From the Create User Waypoint page, touch the Ref Wpt key and use the alphanumeric keypad to select the desired identifier. Charts Wpt Info Map 3. Touch the upper Radial key and use the alphanumeric keypad to select the desired value. Traffic 4. Touch the upper Distance key and use the alphanumeric keypad to select the desired value. Terrain 5. Touch the Enter key. Weather 6. Touch the Create key to save the new waypoint. Nearest Services/ Music Utilities System Messages Symbols Appendix Index 8-20 190-01007-03-Final.indb 20 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 190-01007-03 Rev. J 7/9/2015 2:07:29 PM 8.8 Import User Waypoints (SD Card) The GTN can import user generated waypoints from a file on the SD card. The created waypoints will be at the latitude and longitude specified in the file with the specified name and comment. Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl NOTE: This feature is available in software version 5.10 and later. When a user waypoint file is on the SD card, a key will be available on the Waypoint Info page for importing user waypoints. 1. Insert an SD card with the User waypoints into the the GTN. 2. From the Waypoint Info page, touch the Import Waypoints key. 3. Touch OK to acknowledge the pop-up to import all of the user waypoints in the file. Com/Nav FPL Direct-To Proc Charts Wpt Info Map Traffic Figure 8-27 Start User Waypoint Import Terrain Weather Nearest Services/ Music Utilities System Messages Symbols Appendix 190-01007-03 Rev. J 190-01007-03-Final.indb 21 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 8-21 Index 7/9/2015 2:07:29 PM 4. The pilot is informed of the status of the user waypoint import via one of the following system messages. Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL Direct-To Proc Message USER WAYPOINT IMPORT - User waypoints were imported successfully. USER WAYPOINT IMPORT - User waypoint import failed. USER WAYPOINT IMPORT - User waypoint import failed. User waypoint database is full. USER WAYPOINT IMPORT - User waypoints imported successfully existing waypoints reused. Charts Wpt Info Map Description All user waypoints were imported successfully. User waypoint import failed due to improper file format. User waypoint catalog is full and the requested user waypoints could not be imported. User waypoints imported and existing waypoints are used instead of creating duplicate waypoints. This occurs when a waypoint to be imported is within 0.001° latitude and longitude of an existing user waypoint (roughly a few hundred feet, depending on latitude). Table 8-1 User Waypoint Import Messages Traffic Terrain Weather Nearest Services/ Music Utilities System Messages Symbols Appendix Index 8-22 190-01007-03-Final.indb 22 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 190-01007-03 Rev. J 7/9/2015 2:07:29 PM 9 MAP Foreword The Map page is used to provide situational awareness in flight. The Map page can display the following information: • Airports, NAVAIDs, airspace, airways, land data (highways, cities, lakes, rivers, borders, etc.) with names • Wind direction and speed • Icons for enabled map features • Aircraft icon (with the nose representing present position) • Topography scale • Topography data Audio & Xpdr Ctrl • NEXRAD (or Precip) Weather (Opt.) Com/Nav • ChartView or FliteChart Overlay FPL • Terrain Overlay • Traffic Overlay Direct-To • Radar Overlay • Fuel Range Ring (SW V 6.00 or later) • Nav range ring Getting Started • Flight plan legs Proc Charts Wpt Info North Indicator Map Orientation Active Flight Plan Leg Map Aircraft Symbol (Present Position) Traffic Nav Range Ring Terrain From - To - Next Waypoints Weather Touch To Edit FPL CDI Back to Previous Page Nearest Touch to View Messages Services/ Music Range Keys Touch to Zoom In and Out Map Menu Options CDI - Select Nav Source Utilities System OBS - Select Manual or Auto Sequencing Figure 9-1 Map Page Description The following information describes the ownship symbol behavior in a helicopter that does not have a source of magnetic heading information connected to the GTN. When greater than 15 knots groundspeed the map is oriented either north up with ownship oriented to its current track or track up. When less than 190-01007-03 Rev. J 190-01007-03-Final.indb 1 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 9-1 Messages Symbols Appendix Index 7/9/2015 2:07:29 PM 15 kts groundspeed, the directional ownship icon is replaced with a non-directional icon because it can't be determined if the rotorcraft is going sideways or backwards. The map will continue to orient to the current track if the map is selected for Track Up. If the map is oriented to track up, then below 5 kts groundspeed the map orientation will "latch" to the last valid track prior to the groudspeed going below 5 kts. The map will reorient when the groundspeed again exceeds 5 kts. The position of the ownship icon over the map is always the current GPS position of the aircraft. Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL NOTE: The electronic map is an aid to navigation and is designed to facilitate the use of authorized government charts, not replace them. Land and water data is provided only as a general reference. The accuracy of the land and water data is not suitable for use as a primary source of navigation and should only be used to supplement official government charts and notices. Direct-To Proc Charts Wpt Info Map Traffic Map Overlays Terrain Weather Nearest Services/ Music Map Setup Utilities System Map Detail Messages Map User Fields Symbols Appendix Index Topo Airways Terrain NEXRAD (or PRECIP)* Charts* StormScope* Traffic* Radar* Graphically Edit FPL Map Pointer - Create Wpt Map Aviation Land Airspace Traffic* Weather* Change User Fields Restore Defaults * Optional Figure 9-2 Map Page Functional Diagram 9-2 190-01007-03-Final.indb 2 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 190-01007-03 Rev. J 7/9/2015 2:07:29 PM NOTE: NEXRAD (or PRECIP) and Radar may not be shown at the same time. 9.1 Foreword Getting Started Map Menu The Map Menu provides the ability to modify and control the information displayed on the Map page. • Map Overlays are selected to overlay various types of information over the base map. Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL • Map Setup modifies the display of other map features. • Map User Fields determines whether or not the fields in the corners of the Map page are displayed and the data shown in each corner. • Map Detail lets you control the amount of information displayed at different map ranges. • Restore Defaults lets you start all over again with the default values for the settings for the Map User Fields. NOTE: Changes made in the Map Menu take effect immediately on the map display. Direct-To Proc Charts Wpt Info Map Traffic 1. From the Home page, touch Map to reach the Map page, or press and hold the HOME key to go to the Map page from any function. On the Map page, touch the Menu key. Terrain Weather Map Overlay Selections Nearest Services/ Music Touch To Edit Map Setup Touch and Slide Finger To Adjust Map Detail Level Utilities Touch To Edit Map User Fields (Corners) System Return Map User Fields To Default Values Messages Symbols Figure 9-3 Map Menu 2. Touch the key for the desired option to access its settings. 190-01007-03 Rev. J 190-01007-03-Final.indb 3 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide Appendix 9-3 Index 7/9/2015 2:07:29 PM 3. Touch the Back key to return to the Map page. Any changes made will be retained until changed. Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav 9.1.1 Map Overlays Map Overlays are layers of information that are referenced to geographic location and are overlayed on the base map. A green bar will appear below the Map Overlay key text when the overlay is selected, except for Airways and NEXRAD. FPL NOTE: Data linked weather (SiriusXM / FIS-B / Connext) is displayed below the chart overlay, Active onboard RADAR overlay is displayed above the chart overlay. Direct-To Proc NOTE: Map overlay keys do not turn on or activate equipment necessary for the overlay to function. Map overlay keys may remain available even if the information necessary for the overlay is not available. For example: the Radar overlay key is available even if the radar is turned off. Charts Wpt Info NOTE: Map overlays for StormScope, Traffic, or Radar are prevented from being overlaid on the main map without a heading source or while User Navigation Angles are selected. Map Traffic Terrain Weather Nearest Services/ Music Utilities System Messages Symbols 9.1.1.1 Overlay Priority The data overlayed on the map is displayed according the following priorities (from highest to lowest): 1 - Traffic 19 - County Warning 2 - Ownship 11 - Freezing Levels 20 - PIREPs 3 - Flight Plan 12 - Cell Movement 21 - AIREPS 4 - TAWS Alerts 13 - Lightning 22 - City Forecast 5 - Weather Radar 14 - METARs 23 - Surface Analysis 6 - Charts 15 - Winds Aloft 24 - Airspace 7 - Stormscope 16 - SIGMETs 25 - Waypoints 8 - Obstacles 17 - AIRMETs 26 - Airways 9 - Fuel Range Ring 18 - Cyclone 27 - Turbulence Warning Appendix Index 10 - TFRs 28 - Icing Potential 29- Echo Tops 30 - NEXRAD 31 - Cloud Tops 32 - IR Satellite 33 - SafeTaxi 34 - Terrain 35 - Base Map 36 - Topo Table 9-2 Data Overlay Priority 9-4 190-01007-03-Final.indb 4 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 190-01007-03 Rev. J 7/9/2015 2:07:30 PM 9.1.1.2 Topo The Topo Data option selects whether the colored topographical features are displayed. Traffic, Land Data, Terrain, and Obstacles will still be displayed even with Topo Data turned off. 1. While viewing the Map Menu, touch the TOPO Map Overlay key to toggle the Topo setting. Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL Direct-To Proc Charts Wpt Info Topo Map Overlay Off Topo Map Overlay On Figure 9-4 Topo Map Overlay Selections 2. When the Topo Map Overlay is toggled off, all topographic color features are removed. 9.1.1.3 Airways Map Traffic Terrain The Airways option allows you to select the airways that are shown on the Map page. All, Low only, and High only Airways may be selected. When Off is selected, airways will not be shown. 1. While viewing the Map Menu, touch the Airways Map Overlay key to select the Airways viewed. Selections are: Off, Low, High, and All. Weather Nearest Services/ Music Utilities System Messages Symbols Appendix 190-01007-03 Rev. J 190-01007-03-Final.indb 5 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 9-5 Index 7/9/2015 2:07:30 PM Foreword Low Airway (Grey) Getting Started High Airway (Green) Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav Active Flight Plan Leg FPL Direct-To Proc Figure 9-5 Map Menu Airways Map Overlay Selection 2. Low Airways are shown as grey lines. High Airways are shown as green lines. Charts Wpt Info Map Traffic Terrain Weather Nearest Services/ Music Utilities System Messages Symbols Appendix Index 9-6 190-01007-03-Final.indb 6 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 190-01007-03 Rev. J 7/9/2015 2:07:30 PM 9.1.1.4 Terrain The Terrain Data option selects whether Terrain Data is shown on the Map page. Terrain and NEXRAD weather may not be displayed at the same time. Selecting one will disable the other. A Terrain icon will indicate that the Terrain overlay has been selected. Terrain overlay colors may or may not be shown depending on the altitude of the aircraft. 1. While viewing the Map Menu, touch the Terrain Map Overlay key to toggle the view of Terrain data. Red Terrain - At or Within 100 ft below Aircraft Altitude Yellow Terrain - Between 100 ft and 1000 ft below current aircraft altitude Current Position Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL Direct-To Proc Charts Wpt Info Icon Shows Terrain Overlay Is Active Map Traffic Touch to Zoom Map Range Terrain Figure 9-6 Map Menu Terrain Map Overlay "On" Selection 2. The colors of the terrain are referenced to your aircraft altitude. Weather Nearest Services/ Music Utilities System Messages Symbols Appendix 190-01007-03 Rev. J 190-01007-03-Final.indb 7 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 9-7 Index 7/9/2015 2:07:30 PM Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL 9.1.1.5 NEXRAD (Optional) The NEXRAD menu option allows the display of NEXRAD Precip weather information overlayed on the Map page. Terrain and NEXRAD Precip weather may not be displayed at the same time. Selecting one will disable the other. NEXRAD Precip weather is an optional feature that requires the installation of a GDL 69/69A, GDL 88, or GSR 56 and an appropriate Weather subscription. Only one weather source can be displayed at a time (i.e. FIS-B and XM cannot be displayed on the map simultaneously. See the Weather section for more detail. While viewing the Map Menu, touch the NEXRAD Map Overlay key to toggle the view of NEXRAD weather data. Direct-To NEXRAD Product Age Proc Charts NEXRAD Weather Wpt Info NEXRAD Weather Map Traffic Terrain Weather Figure 9-7 Map Menu NEXRAD Map Overlay "On" Selection Nearest Services/ Music Utilities System Messages Symbols Appendix Index 9-8 190-01007-03-Final.indb 8 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 190-01007-03 Rev. J 7/9/2015 2:07:30 PM 9.1.1.6 Charts (Optional) The Charts menu option allows the display of Charts overlayed on the Map page. The Charts Map Overlay option selects whether Chart data is shown on the Map page. Charts may or may not be shown depending on the other aircraft's location. The ownship icon will be shown over an available chart. See the Charts section for more detail. Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav A chart will be displayed on the map if all of the following are true: • A charts database is a valid database. FPL • The system date is prior to the disable date of the charts database. Direct-To • The Charts Overlay Setting is active. • The aircraft is In Air. Proc The chart displayed on the map will be chosen based on: • The approach chart for the approach in the active flight plan, if an approach exists in the active flight plan. • The airport surface chart for the nearest airport, if no approach exists in the active flight plan and an airport exists within 200NM of the aircraft's current position. NOTE: Features that are selectable on the main map page, such as obstacles, airports, airspace, and other waypoint types that are not visible beneath the overlaid chart, remain selectable even when an approach chart is overlaid on the main map. NOTE: If the chart for the loaded approach procedure is not overlaid on the map page with the Chart Overlay active, ensure the correct chart is selected on the dedicated Charts page. NOTE: If two GTN 7XX units are crossfilled, then the same type (ChartView or FlightCharts) and version (cycle number and effective dates) for the chart database must be installed on both units in order for the correct chart to be overlaid on the main map page. Charts Wpt Info Map Traffic Terrain Weather Nearest Services/ Music Utilities System Messages Symbols Appendix 190-01007-03 Rev. J 190-01007-03-Final.indb 9 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 9-9 Index 7/9/2015 2:07:31 PM While viewing the Map Menu, touch the Charts Map Overlay key to toggle the view of the Charts overlay. Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Chart Overlay Selected In The Map Menu Com/Nav Ownship Located on Chart Overlay FPL Direct-To Proc Charts Figure 9-8 Map Menu Charts Map Overlay "On" Selection Wpt Info Map Traffic Terrain Weather Nearest Services/ Music Utilities System Messages Symbols Appendix Index 9-10 190-01007-03-Final.indb 10 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 190-01007-03 Rev. J 7/9/2015 2:07:31 PM 9.1.1.7 StormScope® (Optional) The WX-500 StormScope Weather Mapping Sensor is a passive weather avoidance system that detects electrical discharges associated with thunderstorms within a 200 NM radius of the aircraft. The StormScope measures relative bearing and distance of thunderstorm-related electrical activity and reports the information to the display. Stormscope and XM Lightning are mutually exclusive. NOTE: Refer to the WX-500 Pilot’s Guide for a detailed description of the WX-500 StormScope. 1. While viewing the Map Menu, touch the StormScope Map Overlay key to show the menu for selecting the StormScope radar weather data display mode (Cell, Strike, Off, or Clear Strikes). Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL Direct-To Proc Charts Select StormScope Data Display Wpt Info Map Traffic Figure 9-9 Map Menu StormScope Map Overlay Selection 2. StormScope data will be overlayed on the Map page when Cell or Strike is selected. See the Weather section for more details. Terrain Weather Nearest Services/ Music Utilities Icon Shows StormScope Overlay Is Active System Messages Symbols Figure 9-10 Map Menu StormScope Map Overlay On Selection Appendix 190-01007-03 Rev. J 190-01007-03-Final.indb 11 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 9-11 Index 7/9/2015 2:07:31 PM Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl 9.1.1.8 Radar (Optional) The Radar setting set on the Weather Radar page, such as Tilt, Range, etc., will be used for the radar overlay on the Map page. NEXRAD/PRECIP and the Radar overlay may not be shown at the same time. While viewing the Map Menu, touch the Radar Map Overlay key to toggle the view of airborne Radar data. Com/Nav Precipitation Returns FPL Scan Line Direct-To Proc Charts Wpt Info Figure 9-11 Map Menu Radar Map Overlay On Selection Map Traffic Terrain Weather Nearest 9.1.1.9 Traffic (Optional) The Traffic Map Overlay option selects whether Traffic data is shown on the Map page. A Traffic icon will indicate that the Traffic overlay has been selected. Traffic may or may not be shown depending on the other aircraft's location and equipment. See the Traffic section for more detail. While viewing the Map Menu, touch the Traffic Map Overlay key to toggle the view of Traffic data. Services/ Music Icon Shows Traffic Overlay Is Active Utilities Non-Threat Traffic Indication. Currently 1200 Ft Above And Rising Icon Shows Aircraft Is Receiving TIS Traffic From Ground Stations When A GDL 88 Is Connected (GTN software version 5.11 or earlier) System Messages Symbols Appendix Index Figure 9-12 Map Menu Traffic Map Overlay On Selection 9-12 190-01007-03-Final.indb 12 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 190-01007-03 Rev. J 7/9/2015 2:07:31 PM Orientation North Up Above Auto Zoom Auto Zoom Min Auto Zoom Max Nav Range Ring Fuel Range Ring Fuel Reserve Time Topo Scale Point Obstacle Rng Wire Obstacle Rng Chart Color Restore Defaults Airport Range SafeTaxi Diagrams Runway Extensions Intersection Range NDB Range VOR Range User Waypoint Range Airway Range TFRs Restore Defaults Road Detail City Detail State/Province Names River/Lake Detail Restore Defaults Smart Airspace Show Airspaces Class B/TMA Range Class C/TCA Range Class D Range Restricted Range MOA (Military) Range Other/ADIZ Range Restore Defaults Range Type Restore Defaults Weather Source Cell Movement METAR Cloud Tops Echo Tops Lightning Restore Defaults 9.1.2 190-01007-03-Final.indb 13 Map Setup 190-01007-03 Rev. J Foreword Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL Direct-To Proc Charts Wpt Info Map Traffic Terrain Weather Nearest Services/ Music Utilities System Messages Symbols Figure 9-13 Map Setup Functional Diagram Appendix 9-13 Index 7/9/2015 2:07:32 PM Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl The Map page is customized by selecting groups from the Map Menu. The Map Menu groups include choices for Map, Aviation, Land, Airspace, Traffic, and Weather groups depending on the installed equipment of a given aircraft. Each group has a list of options that vary with the group. 1. While viewing the Map page, touch the Menu key. Then, touch the Map Setup key. The Map Setup page will be displayed. Com/Nav Map Setup Group FPL Group Options Direct-To Group Option Details Proc Charts Wpt Info Map Traffic Figure 9-14 Map Setup Page Terrain 2. Touch the desired Map Setup Group tab (Map, Aviation, Airspace, Land, Traffic, or Weather) to display the set of group options. Weather Nearest 3. Touch the desired group key. A list of options for the selected group will be shown. (i.e. Map - Orientation, North Up Above, Auto Zoom, etc.) Touch the Up or Down keys as needed to scroll through the list. Services/ Music Utilities 4. Touch the key for the selected option. System 5. Touch the Restore Defaults key to return to the original default values for the selected option. Messages Symbols Appendix Index 9-14 190-01007-03-Final.indb 14 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 190-01007-03 Rev. J 7/9/2015 2:07:32 PM 9.1.2.1 Map The Map option defines the behavior and display of information on the Map page such as: Orientation, North Up Above, Auto Zoom, Nav Range Ring, Topo Scale, Obstacle Range, and Restore Defaults. The default values are shown in bold type. Feature Orientation North Up Above Auto Zoom Auto Zoom Min Auto Zoom Max Nav Range Ring Fuel Range Ring Fuel Reserve Time Topo Scale Point Obstacle Range Wire Obstacle Range Chart Color Scheme Restore Defaults Selection North Up, Track Up, Heading Up Off, 10 NM, 15 NM, 25 NM, 40 NM, 50 NM, 75 NM, 100 NM, 150 NM, 250 NM Off, On 250 ft, 400 ft, 500 ft, 750 ft, 1000 ft, 1500 ft, 2500 ft, 0.5 NM, 0.75 NM, 1 NM, 1.5 NM, 2.5 NM, 4 NM, 5 NM, 7.5 NM, 10 NM, 15 NM, 25 NM, 40 NM, 50 NM, 75 NM, 100 NM, 150 NM, 250 NM, 400 NM 250 ft, 400 ft, 500 ft, 750 ft, 1000 ft, 1500 ft, 2500 ft, 0.5 NM, 0.75 NM, 1 NM, 1.5 NM, 2.5 NM, 4 NM, 5 NM, 7.5 NM, 10 NM, 15 NM, 25 NM, 40 NM, 50 NM, 75 NM, 100 NM, 150 NM, 250 NM, 400 NM Off, On, Enhanced Off, On 30 Min, 45 Min, 60 Min, 90 Min Off, On Off, 4 NM, 5 NM, 7.5 NM, 10 NM, 15 NM Off, 1 NM, 1.5 NM, 2.5 NM Day, Night Returns values to original factory settings Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL Direct-To Proc Charts Wpt Info Map Traffic Terrain Weather Nearest Services/ Music Utilities Table 9-1 Map Setup Map Options System Messages Symbols Appendix 190-01007-03 Rev. J 190-01007-03-Final.indb 15 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 9-15 Index 7/9/2015 2:07:32 PM Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Map Orientation The Map Orientation selection sets the orientation of the Map page. Selections are North Up, Track Up, and Heading Up. A Map Orientation label is shown below the North indicator (reference to True North) in the top left corner of the Map page. Com/Nav FPL Map Orientation Direct-To Proc Charts Wpt Info Map Traffic Terrain Weather Figure 9-15 Map Orientation Label North Up Above The North Up Above option allows you to select the map range where at and above the selected value the Map Orientation will automatically change to North Up as a default. When the map range is 500 NM or more, the map orientation will automatically become North Up. Auto Zoom With a valid flight plan, the Auto Zoom feature will automatically change the Map page range depending on the distance to the next waypoint in the flight plan. If enabled, it will also automatically zoom to the SafeTaxi zoom range when the aircraft is on the ground. Auto Zoom can be overridden at any time by manually zooming with the In and Out keys. The Auto Zoom Min selection sets the minimum range that the display will Zoom in. The Auto Zoom Max value sets the maximum range the display will Zoom out. Nearest Auto Zoom Active Indication Services/ Music Figure 9-16 Auto Zoom Active Indication Utilities Auto Zoom is re-enabled once one of the following conditions is met: System Messages Symbols Appendix Index • A waypoint is sequenced • The aircraft transitions from “on ground” to “in air” • A point is reached where the Auto Zoom range matches the manual override range (known as auto-sync) and will be noted as “Auto” above the map range value on the map page • Auto Zoom is toggled off and back on in the Map Setup page 9-16 190-01007-03-Final.indb 16 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 190-01007-03 Rev. J 7/9/2015 2:07:32 PM NOTE: Rotorcraft use a Local Auto Zoom function where Auto Zoom will remain at the 1500 ft zoom scale until the rotorcraft is above 400 ft GSL or 40 kts. Auto Zoom Min Set the limit that the display will zoom in automatically. Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL Direct-To Selected Minimum Auto Zoom Range Proc Charts Wpt Info Map Figure 9-17 Map Setup Minimum Auto Zoom Range Traffic Auto Zoom Max Set the limit that the display will zoom out automatically. Terrain Weather Nearest Services/ Music Selected Maximum Auto Zoom Range Utilities System Messages Symbols Figure 9-18 Map Setup Maximum Auto Zoom Range Appendix 190-01007-03 Rev. J 190-01007-03-Final.indb 17 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 9-17 Index 7/9/2015 2:07:32 PM Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Nav Range Ring When turned on, the Nav Range Ring option will show a ring with a compass rose oriented to magnetic north around your present position on the Map page. When selected ON, the Enhanced Range Ring function provides a second ring at 1/2 the distance of the primary ring to allow the pilot to acccurately judge distance to objects depicted on the map. Com/Nav FPL Nav Range Ring Direct-To Proc Current Position Charts Wpt Info Nav Range Ring Range Active Obstacle Overlay Types * Map Figure 9-19 Nav Range Ring Traffic Fuel Range Ring Terrain NOTE: This feature is available in software version 6.00 and later. Weather Nearest Services/ Music Utilities System When interfaced with a fuel computer, the GTN can display a Fuel Range Ring which shows an estimate of the remaining flight distance at the current fuel consumption rate and groundspeed. If either fuel quantity or fuel flow sensor data is not received, the GTN will use the Fuel on Board or Fuel Flow values on the Utilities – Fuel Planning page. If both fuel quantity and fuel flow are not received by the GTN, the Fuel Range Ring will be removed. A dashed green circle indicates the selected Range to Reserve Fuel. A solid yellow circle indicates the Total Endurance Range. Messages Symbols Appendix Index 9-18 190-01007-03-Final.indb 18 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 190-01007-03 Rev. J 7/9/2015 2:07:32 PM Foreword Total Endurance Range Total Endurance Time Range To Reserve Fuel Time To Reserve Fuel Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL Direct-To Figure 9-20 Fuel Range Ring TOPO Scale The Topo Scale option selects whether the elevation scale for topographical features on the Map page is displayed. The scale will be located on the left side of the display. Proc Charts Wpt Info Map Traffic Terrain Weather Nearest Services/ Music Figure 9-21 Map Page Topo Scale Utilities System Messages Symbols Appendix 190-01007-03 Rev. J 190-01007-03-Final.indb 19 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 9-19 Index 7/9/2015 2:07:32 PM Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav Point Obstacle Range The Point Obstacle Range option selects whether the Point Obstacle Data is shown on the Map page at and below the selected Point Obstacle range. Map ranges above this value will not show the Point Obstacle Data. An obstacle with an asterisk indicates a group of the same obstacle type. Unlighted Obstacle (Height is less than 1000 ft AGL) Lighted Obstacle (Height is less than 1000 ft AGL) Unlighted Obstacle (Height is greater than 1000 ft AGL) Lighted Obstacle (Height is greater than 1000 ft AGL) FPL Direct-To Table 9-2 Navigation Map Point Obstacle Icons by Elevation Proc Tower Windmill Windmill in Group Power Line Charts Wpt Info Table 9-3 Obstacle Icon Types Map Color None Traffic Terrain White Amber Red Weather Nearest Description Lines are removed when they are more than 2000 ft below the aircraft. Lines are white when they are within 2000 ft below the aircraft. Lines are amber when they are within 1000 ft below the aircraft. Lines are red when they are within 100 ft below or above the altitude of the airplane. Table 9-4 Fixed Wing Color Scheme for Obstacles and Wires Services/ Music Color None Utilities System White Amber Red Messages Symbols Description Lines are removed when they are more than 500 ft below the rotorcraft. Lines are white when they are within 500 ft below the rotorcraft. Lines are amber when they are within 250 ft below the rotorcraft. Lines are red when they are at or above the altitude of the rotorcraft. Table 9-5 Rotorcraft Color Scheme for Obstacles and Wires Appendix Index 9-20 190-01007-03-Final.indb 20 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 190-01007-03 Rev. J 7/9/2015 2:07:33 PM Grouped obstacles are shown with an asterisk. The color of the asterisks is tied to the relative altitude of the highest obstacle in the group, not other obstacles within that group. Obstacles are grouped when they would otherwise overlap. Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl 1. While viewing the Map function, touch the Menu key. Com/Nav 2. Touch the Map Setup key. FPL 3. Under the Map tab touch the Point Obstacle Range key and select the maximum range where obstacles will be displayed. Direct-To Proc Lighted Obstacle Grouped Obstacles Unlighted Obstacle Current Position Charts Wpt Info Map Traffic Active Obstacle Overlay Types * Terrain Weather Figure 9-22 Navigation Map Point Obstacles The icon on the left shows that the point obstacle overlay is active. The icon on the right shows that the wire obstacle overlay is active. These icons are available in software version 5.12 or later. 4. Touch an obstacle on the map and the elevation will be shown. If there are nearby or overlayed objects (obstacle, airspace, airport, etc), touch the Next key to step through the nearby objects. Touch the Back key to return to the normal map view. Nearest Services/ Music Utilities System Messages Symbols Appendix 190-01007-03 Rev. J 190-01007-03-Final.indb 21 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 9-21 Index 7/9/2015 2:07:33 PM Selected Obstacle Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav Selected Obstacle Info and Type FPL Direct-To Touch to Step to the Next Nearby Obstacle Obstacle Location Detail Figure 9-23 Point Obstacle Detail Proc Wire Obstacle Range Charts Wpt Info The Wire Obstacle Range option selects whether the power lines are shown on the Map page at and below the selected Wire Obstacle range. Map ranges above this value will not show the Wire Obstacle Data. Map NOTE: This feature is available in software version 5.10 and later and requires the use of obstacle databases that contain wire obstacle data. Traffic Terrain Selected Obstacle HTAWS Alert Weather Grouped Obstacles Wire Obstacle Nearest Services/ Music Utilities Detail at Cursor Point Detail About the Selected Obstacle System Figure 9-24 Wire Obstacles Messages Symbols Appendix Index 9-22 190-01007-03-Final.indb 22 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 190-01007-03 Rev. J 7/9/2015 2:07:33 PM Chart Color Scheme The Chart Color Scheme setting changes the day and night view of the Chart Overlay colors on the Map page. Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL Direct-To Proc Figure 9-25 Chart Color Scheme Settings Restore Defaults Charts Returns values to the original factory settings. 9.1.2.2 Aviation The Aviation group selection from the Map Setup Page Menu allows you to customize the display of Active Flight Plan, Active Flight Plan Waypoints, Airport size range, SafeTaxi information, Runway Extensions, Intersection/NDB locations, VOR locations, Airspace Detail, and TFR icons on the Map page. The feature will be shown at map ranges of the selected value and lower. The options for each feature are shown in the following table. The default values are shown in bold type. Feature Selection Off, 7.5 NM, 10 NM, 15 NM, 25 NM, 40 NM, 50 NM, Airport Range 75 NM, 100 NM, 150 NM Heliports (Optional) Off, On Off, 1000 ft, 1500 ft, 2500 ft, 0.5 NM, 0.75 NM, 1 NM, SafeTaxi Diagrams 1.5 NM Runway Extensions Off, 1 NM, 1.5 NM, 2.5 NM, 4 NM, 5 NM Off, 0.75 NM, 1 NM, 1.5 NM, 2.5 NM, 4 NM, 5 NM, 7.5 NM, Intersection Range 10 NM Off, 0.75 NM, 1 NM, 1.5 NM, 2.5 NM, 4 NM, 5 NM, NDB Range 7.5 NM, 10 NM 190-01007-03 Rev. J 190-01007-03-Final.indb 23 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 9-23 Wpt Info Map Traffic Terrain Weather Nearest Services/ Music Utilities System Messages Symbols Appendix Index 7/9/2015 2:07:34 PM Foreword Feature Getting Started VOR Range Audio & Xpdr Ctrl User Wpt Range Com/Nav FPL Airway Range TFR Restore Defaults Selection Off, 10 NM, 15 NM, 25 NM, 40 NM, 50 NM, 75 NM, 100 NM Off, 0.75 NM, 1 NM, 1.5 NM, 2.5 NM, 4 NM, 5 NM, 7.5 NM, 10 NM, 15 NM, 25 NM, 40 NM, 50 NM, 75 NM, 100 NM 2.5 NM, 4 NM, 5 NM, 7.5 NM, 10 NM, 15 NM, 25 NM Off, On Returns values to original factory settings Table 9-6 Map Setup Aviation Options Direct-To NOTE: The term “intersection range” means any GPS waypoint included in the navigation database, and includes waypoints that may not be intersections of two VOR radials. Proc Charts Airport Size Wpt Info Map Small Traffic Terrain Weather Medium Nearest Services/ Music Large Utilities Size Criteria Longest runway length is less than 5000 feet, unless it has a tower frequency, in which case it is a Medium Airport. Longest runway length is less than 8100 feet but greater than or equal to 5000 feet or less than 8100 feet and has a tower frequency. Longest runway length is greater than or equal to 8100 feet. Display Criteria Small airports and heliports are displayed on the map when the Map Range is less than or equal to 1/4 times the Airport Range Setting. Medium airports are displayed on the map when the Map Range is less than or equal to 1/2 times the Airport Range Setting. Large airports are displayed on the map when the Map Range is less than or equal to the Airport Range Setting. Table 9-7 Airport Display Range Setting System NOTE: The Airport Range Setting of "Off" means airports are never displayed. Messages Heliports are displayed on the map page if the Heliport Display Setting is "On" and the Map Range is less than or equal to 1/4 times the Airport Range Setting. Symbols Appendix Index 9-24 190-01007-03-Final.indb 24 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 190-01007-03 Rev. J 7/9/2015 2:07:34 PM 9.1.2.3 Land The Land Data option selects whether detailed land features, such as Freeways, National Highways, Local Roads, Cities, States/Provinces, and Rivers/Lakes are displayed. Topo features, traffic, terrain, and obstacles will still be displayed, even with Land Data turned off. The options for each feature are shown in the following table. The default values are shown in bold type. Feature Selection Road Detail None, Least, Less, Normal, More, Most City Detail None, Least, Less, Normal, More, Most State/Province Names Off, On River/Lake Detail None, Least, Less, Normal, More, Most Restore Defaults Returns values to original factory settings Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL Direct-To Proc Table 9-8 Map Setup Land Options 9.1.2.4 Airspace The Airspace viewing range options select whether the Airspaces are shown on the Map and at and below the selected map ranges. The Smart Airspaces selection filters airspaces to show the ones appropriate for your altitude. Feature Selection Airspace Label Range Off, 7.5 NM, 10 NM, 15 NM, 25 NM, 40 NM, 50 NM Smart Airspace Charts Wpt Info Map Traffic Off, On Terrain All, Below 18000 ft, Below 15000 ft, Below 12000 ft, Below Show Airspaces 9000 ft, Below 6000 ft, Below 3000 ft Class B/TMA Range Off, 1 NM, 1.5 NM, 2.5 NM, 4 NM, 5 NM Off, 0.75 NM, 1 NM, 1.5 NM, 2.5 NM, 4 NM, 5 NM, 7.5 Class C/TCA Range NM, 10 NM Off, 0.75 NM, 1 NM, 1.5 NM, 2.5 NM, 4 NM, 5 NM, Class D Range 7.5 NM, 10 NM Off, 10 NM, 15 NM, 25 NM, 40 NM, 50 NM, 75 NM, Restricted Range 100 NM Off, 0.75 NM, 1 NM, 1.5 NM, 2.5 NM, 4 NM, 5 NM, 7.5 MOA (Military) Range NM, 10 NM, 15 NM, 25 NM, 40 NM, 50 NM, 75 NM, 100 NM Other/ADIZ Range None, Least, Less, Normal, More, Most Restore Defaults Returns values to original factory settings Table 9-9 Map Setup Airspace Options 190-01007-03 Rev. J 190-01007-03-Final.indb 25 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 9-25 Weather Nearest Services/ Music Utilities System Messages Symbols Appendix Index 7/9/2015 2:07:34 PM Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Airspace Labels NOTE: This feature is available in software version 5.10 and later when configured by the installer. The Airspace Label feature shows the airspace altitude limits within the selected range. Com/Nav FPL Direct-To Airspace Labels - On Proc Charts Wpt Info Map Traffic Terrain Figure 9-26 Display of Airspace Labels Smart Airspaces: Garmin’s Smart Airspace™ feature aids visual clarity on-screen by deemphasizing airspace that’s well above or below the aircraft’s current altitude. The vertical separation is 1,000 feet at sea level and the vertical separation will gradually increase to 2,000 feet until the aircraft reaches 10,000 feet. Anything above 10,000 feet keeps the 2,000 feet vertical separation. Weather NOTE: Smart Airspace only changes the depiction of the airspace on the moving map display. It does not alter the Airspace Alerts that can be set on the System-Alerts portion of the system. Nearest Smart Airspaces - Off Services/ Music Smart Airspaces - On Utilities System Messages Symbols Appendix Index Figure 9-27 Display of Smart Airspaces (Airspace Borders Grayed) 9-26 190-01007-03-Final.indb 26 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 190-01007-03 Rev. J 7/9/2015 2:07:34 PM To control the display of European airway airspaces: 1. While viewing the Map Setup Airspaces option, touch the Other/ADIZ Range key and select a value. 2. Select Off for the Other/ADIZ Range to turn off the display of airway airspaces. Airway Airspaces - On Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL Direct-To Proc Charts Airway Airspaces - Off Airway Airspaces - On Figure 9-28 Selecting the Display of European Airway Airspaces Wpt Info 9.1.2.5 Traffic (Optional) The Traffic group selection from the Map Setup Page Menu allows you to customize the display of traffic on the Map page. The Traffic function requires the installation of the appropriate traffic device. Only one traffic source can be configured for the GTN and this traffic source will be overlaid on the main map. Coverage follows the airplane. In the Navigation Map page setup you can select the maximum range at which traffic symbols are shown. Once outside of the selected range, traffic will be decluttered. The default values are shown in bold type. Traffic Selection Range Traffic Restore Defaults Display Result 1 NM, 1.5 NM, 2.5 NM, 4 NM, 5 NM, 7.5 NM, 10 NM, 15 NM, 25 NM All Traffic, Alerts & Advisories, Alerts Only Returns values to original factory settings Table 9-10 Map Page Traffic Display Options Map Traffic Terrain Weather Nearest Services/ Music Utilities System Messages Symbols Appendix 190-01007-03 Rev. J 190-01007-03-Final.indb 27 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 9-27 Index 7/9/2015 2:07:35 PM Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl 9.1.2.6 Weather (Optional) The Weather group selection from the Map Setup Page Menu allows you to customize the overlay of the available weather information on the Map page. Weather is an optional feature that requires an external weather source, which must be selected to allow the overlay. Feature Weather Source Cell Movement METAR Cloud Tops Echo Tops Lightning Restore Defaults Com/Nav FPL Direct-To Proc Charts Selection SiriusXM, Connext, or FIS-B Off, On Off, On Off, On Off, On Off, On Returns values to original factory settings Table 9-11 Map Setup SiriusXM Weather Options Wpt Info NOTE: Map overlay keys may remain available even if the information necessary for the overlay is not available. For example: the Radar overlay key is available even if the radar is turned off. Map Traffic Feature Weather Source METAR IR Satellite Lightning Restore Defaults Connext Settings Terrain Weather Nearest Services/ Music Selection SiriusXM, Connext, or FIS-B Off, On Off, On Off, On Returns values to original factory settings Selectable Connext Settings Table 9-12 Map Setup Connext Weather Options Utilities Feature Weather Source METAR Restore Defaults System Messages Symbols Selection SiriusXM, Connext, or FIS-B Off, On Returns values to original factory settings Table 9-13 Map Setup FIS-B Weather Options Appendix Index 9-28 190-01007-03-Final.indb 28 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 190-01007-03 Rev. J 7/9/2015 2:07:35 PM 9.1.3 Change User Fields Foreword The Change User Fields selection allows you to configure the Data, Function, and Page field type shown in each of the four corners of the Map page. The information shown in each field may be selected from a list after Change User Fields is selected. 1. While viewing the Map page, touch the Menu key. 2. From the Map Menu screen, touch the Change User Fields key. Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL Direct-To Touch To Select Data Field (TRK Currently Shown) Proc Charts Wpt Info Map Touch To Select Data Field (DIS Currently Shown) Traffic Touch To Cancel Any Changes Terrain Figure 9-29 Map Data Fields Selection Weather NOTE: Map Data Field Types that use the term "Destination" refer to the missed approach point (if an approach is loaded) or the final airport in the flight plan. NOTE: In software version 5.13 and earlier, ETE to Destination is not available when a procedure is loaded and there are waypoints in the Enroute section of the flightplan. Nearest Services/ Music Utilities System Messages Symbols Appendix 190-01007-03 Rev. J 190-01007-03-Final.indb 29 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 9-29 Index 7/9/2015 2:07:35 PM 3. Touch the corner data field key you want to select. Touch the Data, Function, or Page keys to select the User Field type. A list of information types will be displayed. Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Touch To Select Data, Function, or Page Field Type List. Touch To Select Data Field Slider Indicates More Selections Available. Press Finger and Slide To View More Selections. Com/Nav FPL Direct-To Selected Field Type Proc Charts Wpt Info Map Figure 9-30 Map Data Field Type Selections 4. Touch the Up or Down keys or touch the display and drag your finger to scroll through the list. Touch the desired item to select it or touch the Back key to cancel selection. Traffic Terrain Weather Nearest Services/ Music Utilities System Messages Symbols Appendix Index 9-30 190-01007-03-Final.indb 30 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 190-01007-03 Rev. J 7/9/2015 2:07:35 PM Map Data Field Type ACTV WPT - Active Waypoint B/D APT - BRG/DIS from Dest APT 1 BRG - Bearing to Current Waypoint DIS - Distance to Current Waypoint DIS to Dest - Distance to Destination 2 DTK - Desired Track ESA - Enroute Safe Altitude ETA - Estimated Time of Arrival ETA at Dest - ETA at Destination ETE - Estimated Time Enroute ETE to Dest - ETE to Destination Fuel Flow - Total Fuel Flow GS - GPS Ground Speed GSL - GPS Altitude Generic Timer - Timer Display Foreword MSA - Minimum Safe Altitude OAT (static) - Static Air Temperature OAT (total) - Total Air Temperature RAD ALT - Radar Altimeter Time - Current Time Time to TOD - Time to Top of Descent TKE - Track Angle Error TRK - Track Trip Timer - Timer Display VOR/LOC - Tuned VOR/LOC Info VSR - Vertical Speed Required Wind - Wind Speed and Direction XTK - Cross Track Error OFF - Do Not Display Data Field Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL Direct-To Proc Charts Wpt Info Map Table 9-14 Map Data Field Types of Information Traffic Note 1: B/D APT is the straight line distance. Note 2: Dist to DEST is the distance along the flight plan. Function Field Type CDI - Course Deviation Indicator Flap Override - Flap Override 1 GPWS Inhibit - GPWS Inhibit 1 G/S Inhibit - G/S Inhibit 1 HTAWS RP Mode - HTAWS RP Mode 2 OBS/Suspend/Unsuspend Button On Scene - "On Scene" Mode Toggle Weather Passenger Address - PA Toggle Playback - Play Last Recording TAWS Inhibit - TAWS Inhibit Gen Timer - Generic Timer Control WX RDR Controls - Weather Radar Controls OFF - Do Not Display Data Field Nearest Services/ Music Utilities System Messages Table 9-15 Map Function Field Types of Information Note 1: With TAWS-A enabled Note 2: With HTAWS enabled Terrain Symbols Appendix 190-01007-03 Rev. J 190-01007-03-Final.indb 31 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 9-31 Index 7/9/2015 2:07:35 PM Map Page Field Type Foreword Charts - Charts Page Flight Plan - Flight Plan Page Map - Map Page Nearest - Nearest Page NEAR APT - Nearest Airport Page PROC - Procedures Page Approach - Approach Page Arrival - Arrival Page Departure - Departure Page Services - Services Page Traffic - Traffic Page Terrain - Terrain Page Utilities - Utilities Page Checklist - Checklist Page Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL Direct-To Proc Charts Wpt Info Table 9-16 Map Page Field Types of Information Map Traffic Terrain Weather Fuel PLAN - Fuel Planning Page SCHED MSG - Scheduled Messages Trip PLAN - Trip Planning Page VCALC - VCALC Page User FREQ - User Frequencies WPT INFO - Waypoint Information Weather - Weather Page CNXT WX - Connext WX Page FIS-B WX - FIS-B Weather Page Stormscope - Stormscope Page WX Radar - Weather Radar Page SiriusXM WX - Sirius XM WX Page OFF - Do Not Display Page Field 9.1.4 Map Detail The Map Detail feature allows four levels of decluttering to remove map information. The declutter level is displayed in the DCLTR key. There are four levels of decluttering. Level 0 shows the most detail and level 3 shows the least detail. Nearest Services/ Music Utilities System Messages Symbols Figure 9-31 Map Detail Levels Appendix Index 9-32 190-01007-03-Final.indb 32 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 190-01007-03 Rev. J 7/9/2015 2:07:35 PM 1. While viewing the Map page, touch the Menu key. 2. While viewing the Map Menu, touch the Map Detail scale and slide your finger to adjust the level. Features marked with a • are shown at the indicated Map Detail Level. Feature River/Lake Names Feature • TRSA • • Land/Country Text • ADIZ • • Large City • Alert Areas • • Medium City • Caution Areas • • Small City • Danger Areas • • Small Town • Warning Areas • • Freeways • Large Airports • • • Highways • Medium Airports • • • Roads • Restricted Areas • • • Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL Direct-To Proc Charts Railroads • Prohibited Areas • • • Political Boundaries • MOAs • • • User Waypoints • • Runway Labels • • • VORs • • Lightning Strike Data • • • NDBs • • NEXRAD Data • • • Intersections • • Traffic Symbols • • • Class B Airspace • • Traffic Labels • • • Class C Airspace • • Water Detail • • • • Wpt Info Map Traffic Terrain Class D Airspace • • Active FPL Legs • • • • Tower • • Airways • • • • Table 9-17 Features Shown at Each Map Detail Level Weather Nearest Services/ Music Utilities System Messages Symbols Appendix 190-01007-03 Rev. J 190-01007-03-Final.indb 33 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 9-33 Index 7/9/2015 2:07:35 PM Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav 9.2 Map Panning In the Map Page function, panning allows you to move the map beyond its current limits without adjusting the map scale. The panning function is selected by simply touching the Map display. The In and Out keys at the lower right corner of the page control the map range. Touching the display momentarily switches the display to Map Pan Mode. While in Map Pan Mode, touch the display gently and drag your finger to pan around the map. FPL 1. Touch the Map page display. Direct-To Proc Charts Map Pointer Location Selected Item Aircraft Present Position Wpt Info Map Traffic Touch To Step To Items Near The Map Pointer Touch To Edit FPL On The Display Terrain Pan Mode Annunciation and Bearing and Distance To The Map Pointer From Present Position Weather Info On Selected Item Figure 9-32 Map Panning With Airspace Highlighted Nearest NOTE: It is possible that multiple airspaces can be stacked vertically and be difficult to visually identify them. Touching the Next key will step through the airpaces. Services/ Music Utilities 2. If you touch an item on the display (waypoint, airspace, obstacle) there may be other items very close that are difficult to see at a given zoom level. Touch the Next key to annunciate and highlight the next item. Each touch of the Next key steps to another item near the Map Pointer. System Messages Symbols Appendix Index 9-34 190-01007-03-Final.indb 34 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 190-01007-03 Rev. J 7/9/2015 2:07:36 PM Foreword Getting Started Next Nearest Item Highlighted Cursor Location Aircraft Present Position Touch To Step To Items Near The Cursor Touch To Edit FPL On The Display Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL Direct-To Proc Info On Pan Mode Annunciation and Bearing and Distance To The Cursor From Present Selected Item Position And Elevation At The Cursor Charts Figure 9-33 Map Panning With Next Airspace Shown Wpt Info 3. Touch the Airspace Info (Item) key for more information about the selected item. Touch the Back key to return to the Map Panning display. Map Traffic Terrain Weather Nearest Services/ Music Utilities System Figure 9-34 Map Panning Selected Item Information Messages Symbols Appendix 190-01007-03 Rev. J 190-01007-03-Final.indb 35 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 9-35 Index 7/9/2015 2:07:36 PM 4. While pressing your finger gently against the display, drag your finger across the display to scroll the display in the direction of your finger movement. The Map Pointer cross hair location is based on where your finger touches the display, but after dragging your finger the Map Pointer will be centered on the map when your finger is lifted from the display. Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL Direct-To Map Pointer Proc Charts Pan Mode Annunciation Coordinates Of Map Pointer Wpt Info Map Figure 9-35 Map Panning With Map Pointer Traffic Terrain NOTE: Pressing the Direct-To key will use the Map Pointer location as the destination. Weather 5. Touch the Back key to return to the normal map display. Nearest Services/ Music Utilities System Messages Symbols Appendix Index 9-36 190-01007-03-Final.indb 36 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 190-01007-03 Rev. J 7/9/2015 2:07:36 PM 9.3 Map Controls While in the Map page function, several controls are available to manage the view and display of information. The In and Out keys at the lower right corner of the page control the map range. Touching the display momentarily switches the display to Map Pan Mode. While in any of the Map function pages, touching the display starts Pan Mode. Options are available to Create a waypoint at the Map Pointer position and to Graphically Edit Flight Plan. 9.3.1 Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL Pan Map Mode The Pan Map mode allows you to move the map display to view the surrounding area. 1. Touch the Map page display. 2. See the description in the Map Panning section for details of using this feature. Touch the Back key to return to the normal Map display. 9.3.2 Foreword Direct-To Proc Charts Wpt Info Create Waypoint The Create Waypoint function will create a User Waypoint at the Map Pointer location when that location is not an already named object, such as an airport or airspace. 1. In Pan Mode, touch the Create Waypoint key. 2. Follow the directions in the Waypoint Info section for Creating User Waypoints. Map Traffic Terrain Weather Nearest Services/ Music Utilities System Messages Symbols Appendix Figure 9-36 Create User Waypoint While Map Panning 190-01007-03 Rev. J 190-01007-03-Final.indb 37 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 9-37 Index 7/9/2015 2:07:36 PM Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL 9.3.3 Graphically Edit Flight Plan Mode The Edit Flight Plan Mode allows making quick changes to the active flight plan directly on the display. The process is simply touching the display to start Map Pan Mode, touching the Graphically Edit FPL key, dragging the desired leg to a new waypoint or airway, and touching the Done key. At any point, a step may be removed by touching the Undo key or the whole process ended by touching the Cancel key. The Undo key will remove up to nine steps. 9.3.3.1 Adding a Waypoint Within an Existing Flight Plan 1. Touch the Map page display. The Map Mode selection keys will appear. Touch the Graphically Edit FPL key. Direct-To Active Flight Plan Proc Map Pointer Where Display Was Touched Charts Wpt Info Map Traffic Touch Edit Flight Plan Key To Change FPL Terrain Touch To Return To The Map Display Figure 9-37 Edit Flight Plan Mode Weather 2. Touch and hold the desired leg of the flight plan. Nearest Current Active FPL Waypoints Services/ Music Active Flight Plan Leg Utilities Intended New Waypoint System Messages Touch To Cancel Changes And Return To Map Display Symbols Appendix Index Figure 9-38 Select Leg of Flight Plan to Change 9-38 190-01007-03-Final.indb 38 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 190-01007-03 Rev. J 7/9/2015 2:07:36 PM 3. Drag the flight plan leg to a new waypoint, or airway, to add a waypoint, or airway, to the active flight plan. The flight plan leg being edited will turn cyan. Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl New FPL Waypoint Com/Nav FPL Active Flight Plan Leg Direct-To Proc Touch To Cancel Changes And Return To Map Display Charts Figure 9-39 Drag Selected Leg of Flight Plan to New Waypoint 4. Touch the Done key. The aircraft will now navigate according to the new flight plan. Wpt Info Map New Active FPL Traffic Active Flight Plan Leg Terrain New FPL Waypoint Weather Nearest Touch To Undo Last Step Touch To Accept Changes To FPL Services/ Music Touch To Cancel Editing Utilities Figure 9-40 Completed Flight Plan with New Waypoint System NOTE: Parallel track will be cancelled when graphically editing a flight plan. NOTE: It is not possible to graphically add an intermediate waypoint between the current position and a direct-to waypoint unless that waypoint is in the flight plan. Garmin recommends deleting any flight plan prior to graphically editing a direct to waypoint. 190-01007-03 Rev. J 190-01007-03-Final.indb 39 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 9-39 Messages Symbols Appendix Index 7/9/2015 2:07:37 PM Foreword 9.3.3.2 Adding a Waypoint to the End of an Existing Flight Plan 1. Touch the Map page display. The Map Mode selection keys will appear. Touch the Graphically Edit FPL key. 2. Touch a waypoint that you want to add to the end of the flight plan. 3. Touch the Done key to accept the changes and return to the Map page. 9.3.3.3 Removing a Waypoint from an Existing Flight Plan 1. Touch the Map page display. The Map Mode selection keys will appear. Touch the Graphically Edit FPL key. 2. Touch a waypoint, or airway, on the flight plan that you want to remove. 3. Drag the flight plan line away from the waypoint, or airway, and release the line. The waypoint, or airway, will be removed from the flight plan. 4. Touch the Done key to accept the changes and return to the Map page. 9.3.3.4 Creating a Flight Plan Without an Existing Flight Plan 1. Touch the Map page display. The Map Mode selection keys will appear. Touch the Graphically Edit FPL key. 2. Touch a waypoint on the map to set the first waypoint in the flight plan. If there are several nearby waypoints, touch the desired waypoint to select it. Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL Direct-To Proc Charts Wpt Info Map Traffic Terrain Weather Nearest Services/ Music Utilities System Touch Desired Waypoint Messages Cluster Of Nearby Multiple Waypoints Symbols Figure 9-41 Select the Desired Waypoint From Multiple Waypoints Appendix Index 9-40 190-01007-03-Final.indb 40 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 190-01007-03 Rev. J 7/9/2015 2:07:37 PM Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav New FPL Waypoint FPL Touch To Undo Last Step Direct-To Proc Figure 9-42 Start New Flight Plan with Origin Waypoint 3. Touch a waypoint, or airway, on the map for the next waypoint, or airway, in the flight plan. Continue adding waypoints, or airways, as needed. New Active FPL New FPL Waypoint Active Flight Plan Leg Charts Wpt Info Map Traffic Terrain Weather Nearest Touch To Undo Last Step Touch To Accept Changes To FPL Touch To Cancel Editing Services/ Music Utilities Figure 9-43 Add New Waypoint to Flight Plan System 4. Touch the Done key to accept the changes and return to the Map page. Messages Symbols Appendix 190-01007-03 Rev. J 190-01007-03-Final.indb 41 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 9-41 Index 7/9/2015 2:07:37 PM Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav 9.4 CDI (GTN 750 only) The GTN 750's CDI key is used to select data that is sent from the GPS or VLOC receiver to the external CDI (or HSI). When the external CDI (or HSI) is connected to the GPS receiver, “GPS” appears below the CDI key in the annunciation bar. When the external CDI (or HSI) is being driven by the VLOC receiver, “VLOC” appears instead. NOTE: The VLOC receiver must be selected for display on the external CDI/ HSI for approaches which are not approved for GPS. See the ILS example in the Procedures section for more information. FPL Direct-To NOTE: GPS phase of flight annunciations (LPV, ENR, etc.) are not applicable to the external CDI (or HSI) when VLOC is active. Proc NOTE: The internal on-screen CDI information is based on GPS data and cannot be used for primary navigation. Charts Wpt Info Traffic NOTE: If the unit is not configured for a CDI key, then the “activate GPS missed approach” will only resume automatic waypoint sequencing. The user must switch to GPS navigation, if desired, by using their external source selection method (this is typical an EFIS system). Terrain 1. The navigation source is annunciated under the CDI key. Map Weather Touch CDI Key To Toggle Navigation Source Nearest Navigation Source Annunciation Services/ Music Figure 9-44 Navigation Source Selection 2. Touch the CDI key to toggle between sources. Utilities System Messages Symbols Appendix Index 9-42 190-01007-03-Final.indb 42 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 190-01007-03 Rev. J 7/9/2015 2:07:37 PM 9.5 OBS Foreword The OBS key is used to select manual or automatic sequencing of waypoints. Touching this key selects OBS mode, which retains the current “active to” waypoint as your navigation reference even after passing the waypoint (i.e., prevents sequencing to the next waypoint). Touching the OBS key again returns to normal operation, with automatic sequencing of waypoints. Whenever OBS mode is selected, you may set the desired course To/From a waypoint using the pop-up window on the GTN 7XX or with the external OBS selector on your HSI or CDI. For leg types that do not support OBS, this key will be shown as a SUSP key. This key will then also function as an Unsuspend key for legs that auto-suspend, such as holds, missed approaches, etc. NOTE: In dual GTN installations with crossfill on, the OBS course will only be updated real time on the GTN that is receiving the new OBS course. The course will be transferred to the other GTN when OBS is exited. 1. Touch the OBS key to enable the OBS function. Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL Direct-To Proc Charts Wpt Info 2. Enter the desired OBS heading using the keypad and touch Enter. 3. The OBS heading will be shown in the flight plan annunciation above the CDI in the lower portion of the display. The OBS function annunciation will show. Next FPL Leg Runway Extension Map Traffic Terrain Weather Nearest Destination Wpt Services/ Music Ownship Position Utilities Active FPL Leg System OBS Heading Touch the OBS Key To Enable OBS Function OBS Function Annunciation 190-01007-03-Final.indb 43 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide Symbols Appendix Figure 9-45 OBS Course Selection 190-01007-03 Rev. J Messages 9-43 Index 7/9/2015 2:07:37 PM Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav 9.6 Map Symbols Various symbols are used to distinguish between waypoint types. The identifiers for any on-screen waypoints can also be displayed. Special-use and controlled airspace boundaries appear on the map, showing the individual sectors in the case of Class B, Class C, or Class D airspace. The following symbols are used to depict the various airports and navaids on the Map Page: Symbol FPL Direct-To Description Airport with hard surface runway(s); Serviced, Primary runway shown Airport with hard surface runway(s); Non-Serviced, Primary runway shown Airport with soft surface runway(s) only, Serviced Proc Charts Airport with soft surface runway(s) only, Non-Serviced Wpt Info Unknown Airport Map Restricted (Private) Airfield Traffic Intersection Terrain VOR Weather VORTAC VOR/DME Nearest TACAN Services/ Music DME Utilities NDB System Locator Outer Marker Heliport Messages Table 9-18 Map Symbols Symbols Appendix Index 9-44 190-01007-03-Final.indb 44 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 190-01007-03 Rev. J 7/9/2015 2:07:38 PM 10 TRAFFIC Foreword The Traffic function displays available traffic information depending on your installed equipment to assist in situational awareness. The features and operation depend on the capabilities and options of each type of traffic system. NOTE: The reference point for the ownship is the nose of the ownship aircraft symbol (either miniature aircraft or triangle). The reference point for all traffic icons is the center of the depicted traffic. Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL 1. From the Home page, touch the Traffic key. 2. Use the active areas on the display and the Menu options to set up the Traffic display. 10.1 Traffic Pop-Up When the GTN 7XX is displaying any page (other than the Traffic page) and a traffic alert becomes active, the Traffic Warning pop-up will be displayed. NOTE: The traffic pop-up will not appear when your aircraft is on the ground. 1. The traffic pop-up will appear on pages other than the Traffic page when a traffic alert occurs. Direct-To Proc Charts Wpt Info Map Traffic Terrain Weather Traffic Location Ownship Position Nearest Touch To Close Pop-Up Touch To Go To Traffic Page Traffic Alert Annunciation Traffic Alert Annunciation Services/ Music Utilities System Figure 10-1 Traffic Pop-Up On the Map Page Messages 2. Touch the Go to Traffic key to view the Traffic page. OR 3. Touch the Close key to close the pop-up. The pop-up will return if the traffic alert persists. 190-01007-03 Rev. J 190-01007-03-Final.indb 1 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 10-1 Symbols Appendix Index 7/9/2015 2:07:38 PM Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl 10.2 Traffic Test The Traffic Test function is only available on some traffic systems. The aircraft must be on the ground and Traffic Status must be in Standby. 1. Touch the Test key to activate the test function in the Traffic equipment. Com/Nav FPL Direct-To Proc Charts Test Traffic Status Wpt Info Touch For Traffic Test While In Standby Traffic Status Map Figure 10-2 Traffic Test Mode Traffic 2. The unit will return to normal operation mode after the test process is successfully completed. Terrain Weather Nearest Services/ Music Utilities System Messages Symbols Appendix Index 10-2 190-01007-03-Final.indb 2 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 190-01007-03 Rev. J 7/9/2015 2:07:38 PM 10.3 Traffic Information Service (TIS) (Optional) Foreword WARNING: The Traffic Information Service (TIS) is intended for advisory use only. TIS is intended to help the pilot locate traffic visually. It is the responsibility of the pilot to see and maneuver to avoid traffic. NOTE: TIS is available only when the aircraft is within the service volume of a TIS-capable terminal radar site. Aircraft without an operating transponder are invisible to both Traffic Advisory Systems (TAS) and TIS. Aircraft without altitude reporting capability are shown without altitude separation data or climb/descent indication. Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL Direct-To NOTE: TIS and Traffic Advisory System (TAS) may not both be configured at the same time. Proc NOTE: GDL 88 equipped aircraft only: When the radio tower symbol is crossed out, the aircraft is not a participant in the TIS-B system – i. e. not visible to other TIS-B clients. The GDL 88 will, however, continue to receive available TIS-B and FIS-B ground station up-links and continue to display TIS-B and FIS-B data along with available ADS-B and ADS-R data. Wpt Info NOTE: Except for GDL 88 equipped aircraft, TIS, and Traffic Advisory System (TAS) may not both be displayed at the same time. Traffic NOTE: More information is available about the GDL 88 in the "Garmin GDL 88 ADS-B Transceiver Pilot’s Guide." Traffic Information Service (TIS) is designed to help in detection and avoidance of other aircraft. TIS uses the Mode S transponder for the traffic data link. TIS receives traffic information from ground stations, and is updated every five seconds. The GTN 7XX displays up to eight traffic targets within a 7.5 NM radius, from 3000 feet below to 3500 feet above the requesting aircraft. 7.0 NM Charts Map Terrain Weather Nearest Services/ Music Utilities 3,500 ft System Messages Symbols 3,000 ft Appendix Figure 10-3 TIS Coverage Volume (not to scale) 190-01007-03 Rev. J 190-01007-03-Final.indb 3 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 10-3 Index 7/9/2015 2:07:39 PM Foreword Getting Started 10.3.1 TIS Symbology Traffic is displayed according to TCAS symbology using three different symbols. TIS Symbol Description Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Non-Threat Traffic Com/Nav Traffic Advisory (TA) FPL Direct-To Traffic Advisory Off Scale Proc Charts Wpt Info Map Traffic Terrain Weather Nearest Services/ Music Utilities System Messages Symbols Appendix Index Table 10-1 TIS Traffic Symbols Traffic Advisories (TA) alert the crew to intruding aircraft. When traffic meets the advisory criteria for the TA, a solid yellow circle symbol is generated. A Nonthreat Advisory, shown as an open white diamond, indicates that an intruding aircraft is at greater than ±1200 feet relative altitude or the distance is beyond five NM. A Traffic Advisory that is beyond the selected display range is indicated by a half TA symbol at the edge of the screen at the relative bearing of the intruder. TIS also provides a vector line showing the direction in which the traffic is moving, to the nearest 45°. Traffic information for which TIS is unable to determine the bearing (non-bearing traffic) is displayed in the center of the Traffic Page or in a banner on maps other than the Traffic Map Page on which traffic can be displayed. The altitude difference between the requesting aircraft and other intruder aircraft is displayed above/below the traffic symbol in hundreds of feet. If the other aircraft is above the requesting aircraft, the altitude separation appears above the traffic symbol with a "+" sign; if below, the altitude separation appears below. Altitude trend is displayed as an up/down arrow (for speeds greater than 500 fpm in either direction) to the right of the target symbol. Traffic symbols for aircraft without altitude reporting capability appear without altitude separation or climb/descent information. Always remember that TIS cannot alert you to the presence of aircraft that are not equipped with transponders, nor can it alert you to aircraft that may be nearby, but obscured from the ground surveillance radar by interfering terrain. 10-4 190-01007-03-Final.indb 4 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 190-01007-03 Rev. J 7/9/2015 2:07:39 PM 10.3.2 Traffic Page Foreword The Traffic Map Page is configured to show surrounding TIS traffic data in relation to the aircraft’s current position and altitude, without clutter from the basemap. Aircraft orientation on this map is always heading up unless there is no valid heading. The traffic mode is annunciated in the upper left corner of the Traffic Map Page. When the aircraft is on the ground, TIS automatically enters Standby Mode. Once the aircraft is airborne, TIS switches from Standby to Operating Mode and the GTN 7XX begins to display traffic information. Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL Direct-To Proc Charts Altitude Filter Normal Above Below Unrestricted TRF Status Wpt Info Operate Standby Map Traffic Figure 10-4 Traffic Page Functional Diagram Heading Annunciation Terrain Weather Non-Threat Traffic Ownship Position Proximity Advisory, 1200 ft Above and Climbing Traffic Direction Of Travel Range Ring Radius Range Rings Nearest Services/ Music Utilities Traffic Status Key (Operate/Standby) Altitude Filter System Messages Figure 10-5 Traffic Page Symbols Appendix 190-01007-03 Rev. J 190-01007-03-Final.indb 5 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 10-5 Index 7/9/2015 2:07:39 PM Foreword 10.3.3 Displaying Traffic on the Traffic Page 1. From the Home page, touch the Traffic key. Getting Started 2. Confirm TIS is in Operating Mode. Audio & Xpdr Ctrl 3. Touch the Traffic Status key to toggle between Operate and Standby mode. Com/Nav FPL 10.3.4 Direct-To Altitude Display 1. While viewing the Traffic page, touch the Operate key to begin displaying traffic. “Operate” is displayed in the Traffic Status field. Proc 2. The Altitude Filter limits the traffic displayed to the Below, Normal, Above or Unrestricted altitude block as listed in the “Displayed Traffic Range” table. The filter altitudes are relative to ownship altitude. Touch the Altitude Filter key to change the altitude filter value. Select the desired altitude filter by touching the BELOW, NORMAL, ABOVE, or UNRESTRICTED keys. The selection is displayed in the Altitude mode field. Charts Wpt Info Map Traffic Terrain Selected Altitude Filter Weather Nearest Services/ Music Utilities System Figure 10-6 Traffic Altitude Filter Page Messages Symbols Appendix Index 10-6 190-01007-03-Final.indb 6 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 190-01007-03 Rev. J 7/9/2015 2:07:39 PM Altitude Mode Below Normal Above Unrestricted Displayed Traffic Range -9900 ft to 2700 ft -2700 ft to 2700 ft -2700 ft to 9900 ft All Traffic Shown Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Table 10-2 Displayed Traffic Range 10.3.5 Com/Nav TIS Limitations FPL NOTE: This section on TIS Limitations is not comprehensive. Garmin recommends the user review the TIS Limitations section of the Aeronautical Information Manual, Section 1-3-5. Direct-To Proc TIS is NOT intended to be used as a collision avoidance system and does not relieve the pilot of responsibility to “see and avoid” other aircraft. TIS should not be used for avoidance maneuvers during IMC or other times when there is no visual contact with the intruder aircraft. TIS is intended only to assist in visual acquisition of other aircraft in VMC. No recommended avoidance maneuvers are provided for, nor authorized, as a direct result of a TIS intruder display or TIS advisory. While TIS is a useful aid to visual traffic avoidance, it has some system limitations that must be fully understood to ensure proper use. Many of these limitations are inherent in secondary radar surveillance. In other words, the information provided by TIS will be no better than that provided to ATC. TIS will only display aircraft with operating transponders installed. TIS relies on surveillance of the Mode S radar, which is a “secondary surveillance” radar similar to the Air Traffic Control Radar Beacon System (ATCRBS). TIS operation may be intermittent during turns or other maneuvering. TIS is dependent on two-way, “line-of-sight” communication between the aircraft and the Mode S radar. Whenever the structure of the client aircraft comes between the transponder antenna (usually located on the underside of the aircraft) and the ground-based radar antenna, the signal may be temporarily interrupted. Other limitations and anomalies associated with TIS are described in the AIM, Section 4-5-6. Charts Wpt Info Map Traffic Terrain Weather Nearest Services/ Music Utilities System Messages Symbols Appendix 190-01007-03 Rev. J 190-01007-03-Final.indb 7 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 10-7 Index 7/9/2015 2:07:39 PM Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Garmin is not responsible for Mode S geographical coverage. Operation of the ground stations is the responsibility of the FAA. Refer to the Aeronautical Information Manual for a Terminal Mode S Radar Site Map covering the U.S. Com/Nav FPL Direct-To NOTE: TIS will be unavailable at low altitudes in many areas of the U.S., particularly in mountainous regions. Also, when flying near the “floor” of radar coverage in a particular area, intruders below the client aircraft may not be detected by TIS. Proc Charts Wpt Info Map Traffic Terrain Weather Nearest Services/ Music Utilities System Messages Symbols Appendix Index TIS information is collected one radar scan prior to the scan during which the uplink occurs. Therefore, the surveillance information is approximately five seconds old. In order to present the intruders in a “real time” position, the TIS ground station uses a “predictive algorithm” in its tracking software. This algorithm uses track history data to extrapolate intruders to their expected positions consistent with the time of display in the cockpit. Occasionally, aircraft maneuvering will cause this algorithm to induce errors in the display. These errors primarily affect relative bearing information and traffic target track vector (it will lag); intruder distance and altitude will remain relatively accurate and may be used to assist in “see and avoid.” Some of the more common examples of these errors follow: • When client or intruder aircraft maneuvers excessively or abruptly, the tracking algorithm may report incorrect horizontal position until the maneuvering aircraft stabilizes. • When a rapidly closing intruder is on a course that crosses the client aircraft course at a shallow angle (either overtaking or head on) and either aircraft abruptly changes course within 0.25 NM, TIS may display the intruder on the opposite side of the client than it actually is. These are relatively rare occurrences and will be corrected in a few radar scans once the course has stabilized. 10-8 190-01007-03-Final.indb 8 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 190-01007-03 Rev. J 7/9/2015 2:07:39 PM 10.3.6 TIS Alerts Foreword When the number of Traffic Advisories (TAs) on the Traffic Map Page increases from one scan to the next, the following occur: • A single “Traffic” voice alert is generated. • A TRAFFIC Annunciation appears at the bottom of the display, flashing for 5 seconds and remaining displayed until no TAs are detected in the area. To reduce the number of nuisance alerts due to proximate aircraft, the “Traffic” voice alert is generated only when the number of TAs increases. For example, when the first TA is displayed, a voice and visual annunciation are generated. As long as a single TA remains on the display, no additional voice alerts are generated. If a second TA appears on the display or if the number of TAs initially decreases and then subsequently increases, another voice alert is generated. A “Traffic Not Available” (TNA) voice alert is generated when the TIS service becomes unavailable or is out of range. Traffic may not be displayed in the radar coverage area due to the following: Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL Direct-To Proc Charts Wpt Info Map • Radar site TIS Mode S sensor is not operational or is out of service. • Traffic or requesting aircraft is beyond the maximum range of the TIScapable Mode S radar site. • Traffic or requesting aircraft is above the radar site in the cone of silence and out of range of an adjacent site. • Traffic or requesting aircraft is below radar coverage. In flat terrain, the coverage extends from about 3000 feet upward at 55 miles. Terrain and obstacles around the radar site can further decrease radar coverage in all directions. Traffic Terrain Weather Nearest Services/ Music Utilities • Traffic does not have an operating transponder. System Messages Symbols Appendix 190-01007-03 Rev. J 190-01007-03-Final.indb 9 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 10-9 Index 7/9/2015 2:07:39 PM Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl 10.3.7 TIS System Status The GTN 7XX performs an automatic test of TIS during power-up. If TIS passes the test, TIS enters Standby Mode on the ground or Operating Mode in the air. If TIS fails the power up test, an annunciation is shown in the center of the Traffic Map Page. Contact a service center or Garmin dealer for corrective action for a failure message. Com/Nav Traffic Page Annunciation No Data FPL Direct-To Failed Description Data is not being received from the transponder The transponder has failed Proc Unavailable Charts Wpt Info Map Traffic TIS is unavailable or out of range Table 10-3 TIS Failure Annunciations The Traffic mode is annunciated in the bottom left corner of the Traffic Page. When the aircraft is on the ground, TIS automatically enters Standby Mode. Once the aircraft is airborne, TIS switches to Operating Mode and traffic information is displayed. The mode can be changed manually using the Traffic Status key. Terrain Weather Nearest Traffic Status Traffic Mode Annunciation (Traffic On Map Page) TIS Operating Operate TIS Standby Standby TIS Failed* TIS Fail Traffic Display Enabled Icon (Other Maps) Services/ Music Utilities System Messages * Contact a service center or Garmin dealer for corrective action Table 10-4 TIS Modes Shown on the Map Page Symbols Appendix Index 10-10 190-01007-03-Final.indb 10 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 190-01007-03 Rev. J 7/9/2015 2:07:39 PM The annunciations that indicate the status of traffic information appear in a banner at the bottom center of maps on which traffic can be displayed. Traffic Status Banner Annunciation Foreword Getting Started Description Audio & Xpdr Ctrl The displayed data is not current (6 to 12 seconds since last message). Traffic Coast 9 SEC The quality of displayed traffic information is reduced when this message is displayed. Traffic is removed because it is too old for coasting (12 to 60 seconds since last message). Traffic Removed Traffic may exist within the selected display range, but it is not displayed. Table 10-5 TIS Traffic Status Annunciations Com/Nav FPL Direct-To Proc Charts Wpt Info Map Traffic Terrain Weather Nearest Services/ Music Utilities System Messages Symbols Appendix 190-01007-03 Rev. J 190-01007-03-Final.indb 11 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 10-11 Index 7/9/2015 2:07:39 PM Foreword 10.4 NOTE: TIS and Traffic Advisory System (TAS) may not both be configured at the same time. Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL Direct-To TAS Traffic (Optional) TAS data comes from a TAS unit such as a Garmin GTS 800 or 820, Skywatch 497, KTA 810, or other unit. Refer to the appropriate Traffic Advisory System’s Pilot’s Guides for a detailed discussion of the respective traffic advisory system. The type of traffic systems that is installed is described by the Traffic Page keys. If a Traffic Advisory System (TAS) is configured, a Traffic Mode and Altitude Filter key will be displayed. Proc NOTE: Pilots should be aware of TAS system limitations. TAS systems require transponders of other aircraft to respond to system interrogations. If the transponders do not respond to interrogations due to phenomena such as antenna shading or marginal transponder performance, traffic may be displayed intermittently, or not at all. Aircraft without altitude reporting capability are shown without altitude separation data or climb descent indication. Pilots should remain vigilant for traffic at all times. Charts Wpt Info Map Traffic WARNING: The Traffic Advisory System (TAS) is intended for advisory use only to aid the pilot in visually acquiring traffic. No avoidance maneuvers should be based solely upon TAS traffic information. It is the responsibility of the pilot in command to see and maneuver to avoid traffic. Terrain Weather Nearest Services/ Music Utilities System Messages Symbols A Traffic Advisory System (TAS) enhances flight crew situational awareness by displaying traffic information for transponder-equipped aircraft. The TAS also provides visual and aural traffic alerts including voice announcements to assist in visually acquiring traffic. When the TAS is in Operating Mode, the unit interrogates the transponders of intruding aircraft while monitoring transponder replies. The TAS uses this information to derive the distance, relative bearing, and if reported, the altitude and vertical trend for each aircraft within its surveillance range. The TAS then calculates a closure rate to each intruder based on the projected Closest Point of Approach (CPA). If the closure rate meets the threat criteria for a Traffic Advisory (TA), visual and aural alerting is provided. Appendix Index 10-12 190-01007-03-Final.indb 12 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 190-01007-03 Rev. J 7/9/2015 2:07:39 PM 10.4.1 TAS Symbology Foreword Traffic Advisory System (TAS) is designed to help in detection and avoidance of other aircraft. TAS uses an on-board interrogator-processor to detect traffic. Only aircraft with operating transponders will be detected. Traffic is displayed according to TCAS symbology using four different symbols. TAS Symbol Description Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav Non-Threat Traffic (intruder is beyond 5 NM and greater than 1200 ft vertical separation) Proximity Advisory (PA) (intruder is within 5 NM and less than 1200 ft vertical separation) Traffic Advisory (TA) (closing rate, distance, and vertical separation meet TA criteria) FPL Direct-To Proc Charts Wpt Info Traffic Advisory Off Scale Map Table 10-6 TAS Intruder Symbol Description Traffic Relative Altitude (1200 ft Above) Non-Threat Traffic Vertical Trend Arrow (Climbing) Terrain Figure 10-7 Intruder Type, Altitude, and Vertical Trend Weather Nearest Services/ Music Utilities System Messages Symbols Appendix 190-01007-03 Rev. J 190-01007-03-Final.indb 13 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 10-13 Index 7/9/2015 2:07:40 PM Foreword Getting Started 10.4.2 Displaying and Operating Traffic (TAS Systems) The unit must be in Operating mode for traffic to be displayed. The ability to switch from Standby to Operating mode on the ground is especially useful for scanning the airspace around the airport before takeoff. Heading Annunciation Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav Traffic Proximity Advisory Non-Threat Traffic FPL Ownship Position Direct-To Proc Charts Range Rings Range Ring Distance Traffic Status Key (Operate/Standby) Altitude Filter Wpt Info Figure 10-8 Traffic Page Map 10.4.2.1 Traffic 2. Confirm TAS is in Operating Mode. Terrain Weather 3. Touch the Traffic Status key to toggle between Operate and Standby mode. Nearest 4. The Altitude Filter limits the traffic displayed to the Below, Normal, Above or Unrestricted altitude block as listed in the “Displayed Traffic Range” table. The filter altitudes are relative to ownship altitude. Touch the Altitude Filter key to change the altitude filter value. Services/ Music Utilities System Messages Symbols Appendix Index Switching from Standby Mode to Operating Mode 1. From the Home page, touch the Traffic key. NOTE: Not all TAS systems can be set to “Standby” mode while in the air. The Traffic Page shows surrounding TAS traffic data in relation to the aircraft’s current position and altitude without basemap clutter. Aircraft orientation is always heading up unless no valid heading is received. The Traffic Status is annunciated in the lower left corner and the Altitude Filter is annunciated in the lower right corner. 10-14 190-01007-03-Final.indb 14 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 190-01007-03 Rev. J 7/9/2015 2:07:40 PM 10.4.2.2 Range Ring Foreword Touching the In and Out keys will zoom in and out in preset steps depending on the installed equipment as shown in the following table. Traffic Device Map Ranges Garmin GTS 800, Skywatch (SKY497/ 2 NM, 6 NM, 12 NM SKY889) Garmin GTS 820 and 850, Honeywell 2 NM, 6 NM, 12 NM, 24 NM, 40 NM KTA 810 TAS, KTA 910 TAS, KMH 820 IHAS, KMH 920 IHAS, and Avidyne TAS 620 (Ryan 9900BX) Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL Direct-To Table 10-7 Available Traffic Range Ring Steps Proc 10.4.3 Altitude Display 1. While viewing the Traffic page, touch the Traffic Status key to begin displaying traffic. “TAS OPERATING” is displayed in the Traffic mode field. 2. Touch the Altitude Filter key to change the altitude filter value. The filter altitudes are relative to ownship altitude. Select the desired altitude filter by touching the BELOW, NORMAL, ABOVE, or UNRESTRICTED keys. The selection is displayed in the Altitude mode field. Charts Wpt Info Map Traffic Terrain Weather Selected Altitude Filter Nearest Services/ Music Utilities System Messages Figure 10-9 Traffic Altitude Filter Page Symbols Appendix 190-01007-03 Rev. J 190-01007-03-Final.indb 15 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 10-15 Index 7/9/2015 2:07:40 PM Altitude Mode Below Normal Above Unrestricted Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Table 10-8 Displayed Traffic Range Com/Nav FPL 10.4.4 Traffic System Status NOTE: Refer to the equipment documentation for information on the self-test and operating modes. Direct-To Proc Displayed Traffic Range -9900 ft to 2700 ft -2700 ft to 2700 ft -2700 ft to 9900 ft All Traffic Shown The Traffic Status is indicated in the lower left corner of the Traffic Page. Mode Traffic Mode Annunciation (Traffic Page) TAS Self-test Initiated Test Charts Wpt Info Map Traffic Terrain TAS Operating Operate TAS Standby Standby TAS Failed TAS Fail Traffic Display Enabled Icon (Other Maps) Weather Nearest Services/ Music Utilities Table 10-9 TAS Modes If the unit fails, an annunciation as to the cause of the failure is shown in the center of the Traffic Page. Traffic Page Annunciation No Data System Messages Data Failed Symbols Failed Appendix Index Description Data is not being received from the TAS unit Data is being received from the TAS unit, but the unit is self-reporting a failure Incorrect data format received from the TAS unit Table 10-10 TAS Failure Annunciations 10-16 190-01007-03-Final.indb 16 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 190-01007-03 Rev. J 7/9/2015 2:07:40 PM The annunciations to indicate the status of traffic information appear in a banner at the lower left corner of maps on which traffic can be displayed. Traffic Status Banner Annunciation TA 6.0 + 03 Failed Data Fail No Data Foreword Getting Started Description Audio & Xpdr Ctrl System cannot determine bearing of Traffic Advisory. Annunciation indicates distance in NM, altitude separation in hundreds of feet, and altitude trend arrow (climbing/ descending). Traffic data has failed. Data is being received from the transponder, but a failure is detected in the data stream. Traffic has not been detected. Com/Nav FPL Direct-To Proc Charts Table 10-11 TAS Traffic Status Annunciations Wpt Info Map Traffic Terrain Weather Nearest Services/ Music Utilities System Messages Symbols Appendix 190-01007-03 Rev. J 190-01007-03-Final.indb 17 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 10-17 Index 7/9/2015 2:07:40 PM Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL Direct-To Proc Charts Wpt Info Map 10.5 ADS-B Traffic ADS-B technology is an important part of the FAA’s Next Generation Air Transportation System (NextGen), allowing for enhanced safety, efficiency, and the ability of the system to handle greater numbers of aircraft. ADS-B In allows a properly-equipped aircraft to access FAA broadcast services such as TIS-B and FIS-B. With ADS-B Out, the avionics transmit an aircraft’s precise location, as well as specific information about that aircraft, to ground stations and other aircraft. If more than one target is occupying the same area of the screen, the GTN will combine the two traffic targets into one traffic group. The group symbol maintains the iconology of the highest priority traffic target in the group and indicates a grouped symbol by the presence of an asterisk to the left of the grouped traffic target. Traffic targets displayed on the dedicated traffic page may be selected in order to obtain additional information about a traffic target or to view all targets in a grouped target. When a grouped target is selected, the Next key on the dedicated traffic page will cycle through all targets located in close proximity to where the screen has been touched. Traffic Terrain Weather Nearest Services/ Music Touch Icon For Info ADS-B and TCAS Status and Altitude Filter Traffic Motion Vector Alerted Target, 1200 ft Above and Climbing System Messages Touch For Next Target Range Rings Ownship Icon Selected Vector Motion and Duration Touch To View Traffic Menu Figure 10-10 ADS-B Traffic Page Symbols NOTE: The “Next” key on the dedicated traffic page will cycle through all targets located in close proximity to where the pilot has touched the screen. Appendix Index Selected Traffic Info Range Ring Radius Utilities Map Orientation 10-18 190-01007-03-Final.indb 18 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 190-01007-03 Rev. J 7/9/2015 2:07:40 PM Symbol Description Basic Non-Directional Traffic Foreword Getting Started Basic Directional Traffic Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Basic Off-scale Selected Traffic Com/Nav Proximate Non-Directional Traffic FPL Proximate Directional Traffic Direct-To Proximate Off-scale Selected Traffic Proc Non-Directional Alerted Traffic Charts Off-Scale Non-Directional Alerted Traffic Wpt Info Directional Alerted Traffic Map Off-Scale Directional Alerted Traffic Traffic Non-Directional Surface Vehicle Terrain Directional Surface Vehicle Weather Table 10-12 ADS-B Traffic Symbols Nearest NOTE: Color of basic and proximate traffic is dependent on configuration (cyan or white) and airborne/on-ground status of target (target is brown when on the ground, see the surface vehicles). Services/ Music Utilities System Messages Symbols Appendix 190-01007-03 Rev. J 190-01007-03-Final.indb 19 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 10-19 Index 7/9/2015 2:07:41 PM Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL Direct-To Proc Charts Wpt Info Map 10.5.1 Traffic Applications - SURF, AIRB, etc. The GTN ADS-B traffic display is capable of running in two “modes:” Airborne Situational Awareness (AIRB) and Surface Situation Awareness (SURF). AIRB is in operation in the en route environment, outside of five NM from and 1,500 feet above the nearest airport. SURF is in operation within the terminal environment (within five NM and less than 1,500 feet above field elevation). When SURF is running, and the zoom scale on the traffic display is less than two NM, the airport environment (including taxiways and runways) is displayed in addition to traffic. This is to aid in situational awareness of runway occupancy/availability, etc. Due to the varying precision of the data received via ADS-B, ADS-R, and TIS-B, all traffic targets may not be depicted on the traffic display. Because higher data precision is required for display in the SURF environment, some targets eligible for AIRB will not be displayed while SURF is active. Individual eligibility for AIRB and SURF is depicted in the selected traffic data on the traffic page. 10.5.2 ADS-B Traffic Menu The Traffic Menu allows control of the traffic information display. Traffic Weather Select TCAS Status: Operate and Standby Select ADS-B Status: Off, Surface, or Airborne Nearest Select Motion Vector: Absolute, Relative, Off Terrain Touch To Perform Traffic Test Select Altitude Filter: Normal, Above, Below, Unrestricted Select Vector Duration: 30 sec, 1 min, 2 min, 5 min Services/ Music Figure 10-11 ADS-B Traffic Menu Utilities System Messages 10.5.2.1 ADS-B Status ADS-B Status displays the current status of traffic application: Off, Surface, or Airborne. Touch the ADS-B Status key to toggle the ADS-B Status. Symbols Appendix Index 10-20 190-01007-03-Final.indb 20 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 190-01007-03 Rev. J 7/9/2015 2:07:41 PM 10.5.2.2 TCAS Status Foreword This shows the current status of the TCAS system. The modes reported by the traffic device are "Operate" while in the air and "Standby" while on the ground. This control allows the pilot to manually select the TCAS Status. Touch the TCAS Status key to toggle the TCAS Status. 10.5.2.3 Test The Traffic Test function is only available on some TAS traffic systems. The aircraft must be on the ground and Traffic Status must be in Standby. 1. Touch the Test key to activate the test function in the Traffic equipment. 2. The unit will return to normal operation mode after the test process is successfully completed. 10.5.2.4 Motion Vector When Absolute Motion Vectors are selected, the vectors extending from the traffic targets depict the target reported track and speed over the ground. When Relative Motion Vectors are selected, the vectors extending from the traffic targets display how the traffic target is moving relative to your aircraft. These vectors are calculated using the traffic targets track and ground speed and your aircraft’s track and ground speed. These two values are combined to depict where the traffic target is moving purely with respect to your aircraft and give a forecast of where the traffic target will be, relative to your aircraft, in the near future. Selected Vector Type Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL Direct-To Proc Charts Wpt Info Map Traffic Terrain Weather Nearest Services/ Music Utilities System Figure 10-12 Traffic Motion Vector Type Selection Messages NOTE: Absolute motion vectors are colored either white or cyan. Relative motion vectors are always green. The annunciation on the bottom of the dedicated traffic page indicates which vector type is selected and their length. 190-01007-03 Rev. J 190-01007-03-Final.indb 21 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 10-21 Symbols Appendix Index 7/9/2015 2:07:41 PM * Indicates Multiple Targets. Touch NEXT To View Each Target. Traffic Motion Vector (White) Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav Map Orientation ADS-B and TCAS Status and Altitude Filter Selected Traffic Info Touch For Next Target Proximate Non-Directional Traffic 3000 ft Below and Descending FPL Range Ring Radius Direct-To Proc Charts Selected Vector Motion and Duration Touch To View Traffic Menu Figure 10-13 Absolute Motion (White Vectors) Wpt Info * Indicates Multiple Targets. Touch NEXT To View Each Target. Map Traffic Terrain Ownship Icon ADS-B and TCAS Status and Altitude Filter Traffic Motion Vector (Green) Weather Selected Traffic Info Touch For Next Target Proximate Non-Directional Traffic Ownship Icon Nearest Services/ Music Utilities System Map Orientation Range Ring Radius Selected Vector Motion and Duration Touch To View Traffic Menu Figure 10-14 Relative Motion (Green Vectors) Messages Symbols Appendix Index 10-22 190-01007-03-Final.indb 22 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 190-01007-03 Rev. J 7/9/2015 2:07:42 PM Target Motion Vector Motion Vector Target Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL Direct-To Ownship Icon Ownship Icon Figure 10-15 Comparison of Absolute and Relative Motion Vectors With a Single Target Target Motion Vector Motion Vector Target Proc Charts Wpt Info Map Traffic Terrain Weather Target Motion Vector Target Motion Vector Ownship Icon Nearest Figure 10-16 Comparison of Absolute and Relative Motion Vectors With a Two Targets Services/ Music Ownship Icon Utilities System Messages Symbols Appendix 190-01007-03 Rev. J 190-01007-03-Final.indb 23 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 10-23 Index 7/9/2015 2:07:42 PM Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl 10.5.2.5 Vector Duration The Vector Duration selection sets the time that the vector will show the calculated distance and direction of the traffic target. A longer duration will result in a longer vector. Com/Nav Selected Vector Duration FPL Direct-To Proc Figure 10-17 Traffic Motion Vector Duration Selection Charts Wpt Info 10.5.2.6 Map Traffic Terrain Weather Altitude Filter 1. The Altitude Filter limits the traffic displayed to the Below, Normal, Above or Unrestricted altitude block as listed in the “Displayed Traffic Range” table. The filter altitudes are relative to ownship altitude. Touch the Altitude Filter key to change the altitude filter value. 2. Select the desired altitude filter by touching the BELOW, NORMAL, ABOVE, or UNRESTRICTED keys. The selection is displayed in the Altitude mode field. Nearest Selected Altitude Filter Services/ Music Utilities System Messages Figure 10-18 Traffic Altitude Filter Selection Symbols Appendix Index 10-24 190-01007-03-Final.indb 24 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 190-01007-03 Rev. J 7/9/2015 2:07:42 PM Altitude Mode Below Normal Above Unrestricted Displayed Traffic Range -9900 ft to 2700 ft -2700 ft to 2700 ft -2700 ft to 9900 ft All Traffic Shown Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Table 10-13 Displayed Traffic Range 10.5.2.7 Com/Nav On Scene Mode FPL When a GDL 88 (with software version 3.00, or later) is installed with a GTN in a helicopter, the GTN provides controls for enabling/disabling "On Scene" mode in the GDL 88. "On Scene" mode decreases traffic alerts when operating near other helicopters (e.g., news reporting). 1. While viewing the Traffic page, touch the Menu key. 2. Touch the On Scene key to enable/disable On Scene mode. 10.5.3 Rotorcraft Traffic Page Orientation Direct-To Proc Charts Wpt Info Map NOTE: Rotorcraft Traffic Page Orientation functionality is available in software version 5.12 or later. Traffic When flying at low speeds in a helicopter, heading may not always be closely aligned with track (it could easily be up to 180 degrees different). If the GTN is interfaced with a heading source, the ADS-B traffic page will remain fixed with the ownship heading pointed up. However, if heading is not being received by the GTN, the display of ADS-B traffic will be unavailable. Weather When one of the following conditions is true, the ADS-B traffic page will be unavailable: Services/ Music Terrain Nearest • Ownship directionality is invalid (no valid heading or track) Utilities • GPS ground speed is less than 15 knots and ownship heading is not available System While the traffic display is unavailable due to these conditions, traffic alerts will be provided in a non-bearing textual form at the top of the traffic page. Messages Symbols Appendix 190-01007-03 Rev. J 190-01007-03-Final.indb 25 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 10-25 Index 7/9/2015 2:07:43 PM Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl 10.6 RYAN TCAD 9900BX with the GDL 88 Ryan TCAD is a system that provides audio and visual alerts for traffic near your aircraft. The information from this system can be interfaced through the GTN series. Operating instructions and details on the modes of operation are described in the Ryan TCAD operator’s handbooks. • • • • Com/Nav FPL TCAS-like symbols are used in the 9900BX. Altitude modes are available (normal, look up, look down, unrestricted). Ranges are manually controlled for the current shield. Traffic display range selections: Direct-To Proc Charts 10.6.1 Traffic Terrain Weather Nearest Services/ Music Utilities Ryan TCAD Description NOTE: Refer to the Ryan TCAD Pilot’s Guide for a detailed description of the Ryan TCAD System. Wpt Info Map Ryan 9900BX — 1 NM, 1 and 2 NM, 2 and 6 NM, 6 and 12 NM, and 12 and 24 NM. The Ryan TCAD (Traffic and Collision Alert Device) is an on-board air traffic display used to identify potential collision threats. TCAD computes relative altitude and range of threats from nearby Mode C and Mode S-equipped aircraft. TCAD will not detect aircraft without operating transponders or those that are beyond radar coverage. TCAD, within defined limits, creates a “shield” of airspace around the aircraft that detected traffic cannot penetrate without triggering an alert. TA: Traffic Advisory. This is traffic with 500 feet, or less, of altitude separation that is converging or maintaining altitude separation. PA: Proximity Advisory. This is traffic with 500 feet of altitude separation that is not a TA. TRFC: Other traffic. System Messages Symbols Appendix Index 10-26 190-01007-03-Final.indb 26 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 190-01007-03 Rev. J 7/9/2015 2:07:43 PM Touch Icon For Info ADS-B and TCAD Status and Altitude Filter Selected Traffic Info Touch For Next Target Alerted Target, 1200 ft Above and Climbing Traffic Motion Vector Ownship Icon Range Ring Radius Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL Direct-To Selected Vector Motion and Duration Traffic Annunciation Figure 10-19 Traffic Page for Ryan TCAD with GDL 88 10.6.2 Map Orientation Touch To View Traffic Menu Proc Charts Wpt Info Altitude Mode The GDL 88 has four altitude display modes: Normal (±2,700 feet, Above (-2,700 feet to +9,000 feet), Below (-9,000 feet to +2,700 feet), and Unrestricted (±9,900 feet). The GDL 88 continues to track up to 30 intruder aircraft within its maximum surveillance range, regardless of the altitude display mode selected. The selected altitude display mode is displayed in the upper left-hand corner of the Traffic page. The Altitude Filter limits the traffic displayed to the Below, Normal, Above or Unrestricted altitude block as listed in the “Displayed Traffic Range” table. The filter altitudes are relative to ownship altitude. While viewing the Traffic page, touch the Altitude Filter key to change the altitude filter value. Select the desired altitude filter by touching the BELOW, NORMAL, ABOVE, or UNRESTRICTED keys. The selection is displayed in the Altitude mode field. Map Traffic Terrain Weather Nearest Services/ Music Utilities System Messages Symbols Appendix 190-01007-03 Rev. J 190-01007-03-Final.indb 27 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 10-27 Index 7/9/2015 2:07:43 PM Foreword Selected Altitude Filter Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL Figure 10-20 Traffic Altitude Filter Selection Direct-To Altitude Mode Below Normal Above Unrestricted Proc Charts Wpt Info Displayed Traffic Range -9900 ft to 2700 ft -2700 ft to 2700 ft -2700 ft to 9900 ft All Traffic Shown Table 10-14 Displayed Traffic Range Map 10.6.3 TCAD Control Menu Traffic The TCAD Control Menu allows control over the settings for the TCAD Traffic display. Terrain Select TCAD Control Menu Weather Nearest Figure 10-21 TCAD Traffic Menu Services/ Music 1. While viewing the Traffic menu, touch the TCAD Control key. Select Field Elevation Utilities System Messages Set Traffic Audio Volume Activate Operation Select Approach Mode: Set, Armed, or Active Select Ground Mode Symbols Figure 10-22 TCAD Control Menu 2. Touch the desired key from the menu to make any settings. Appendix Index Select Local Baro 10-28 190-01007-03-Final.indb 28 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 190-01007-03 Rev. J 7/9/2015 2:07:43 PM 10.6.3.1 Traffic Audio 1. While viewing the TCAD Control menu, touch the Traffic Audio key. Touch To Lower The Volume Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Touch To Raise The Volume Com/Nav Bar Graph Showing Volume Level FPL Figure 10-23 TCAD Traffic 2. Touch the arrow keys to raise or lower the TCAD Traffic Audio level. The selected volume will be shown as a percentage value and graphically with a bar graph. Direct-To Proc 3. Touch the Back key to return to the TCAD Control menu. Charts 10.6.3.2 Field Elevation 1. While viewing the TCAD Control menu, touch the Field Elevation key. Touch To Automatically Select The Destination Airport Field Elevation Touch To Manually Set Field Elevation Figure 10-24 TCAD Traffic Field Elevation Selection 3. Touch the Enter key to accept the selected value. The selected value will be shown in the Field Elevation key. 4. Touch the Use DEST APT key to automatically use the field elevation of the destination airport of the active flight plan for traffic reporting. NOTE: Activating the Use DEST APT feature automatically uses the elevation for the current destination airport for the TCAD. If no destination airport is present in the GTN system, the TCAD will not receive a field elevation and therefore not automatically enter approach mode. 190-01007-03-Final.indb 29 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide Map Traffic Terrain Weather 2. With the Use DEST APT key deactivated (no green bar), touch the Field Elevation key to manually select the Field Elevation for traffic reporting. Use the keypad to select the elevation value. 190-01007-03 Rev. J Wpt Info 10-29 Nearest Services/ Music Utilities System Messages Symbols Appendix Index 7/9/2015 2:07:43 PM Foreword 10.6.3.3 Baro 1. While viewing the TCAD Control menu, touch the BARO key to manually select the barometric pressure. 2. Use the keypad to select the barometric pressure value. 3. Touch the Enter key to accept the selected value. The selected value will be shown in the BARO key. 10.6.3.4 Operate 1. While viewing the TCAD Control menu, touch the Operate key to activate TCAD traffic. 2. Touching the Operate key toggles TCAD traffic operation on and off. 10.6.3.5 Ground Mode 1. While viewing the TCAD Control menu, touch the Ground key to activate Ground Mode TCAD traffic. 2. Touching the Ground key toggles Ground Mode on and off. 10.6.3.6 Approach Mode 1. While viewing the TCAD Control menu, touch the Approach key to activate Approach Mode TCAD traffic. 2. Touching the Approach key toggles Approach Mode on and off. Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL Direct-To Proc Charts Wpt Info Map Traffic Terrain Weather Nearest Services/ Music Utilities System Messages Symbols Appendix Index 10-30 190-01007-03-Final.indb 30 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 190-01007-03 Rev. J 7/9/2015 2:07:43 PM 10.7 TCAD 9900B Operation The TCAD 9900B provides a passive system that uses transponder replies from other aircraft to acquire traffic information. Map Orientation Altitude Separation 900 Feet, Closing Traffic Advisory Separation 00 Feet, Opening Traffic Advisory Altitude Separation 0 Feet, Steady Altitude Separation Touch To Select Active Shield Touch To View Traffic Menu Description Com/Nav FPL Proc Charts Map Traffic Terrain Traffic Closing Vertically Weather Traffic Diverging Vertically Nearest Traffic not Closing or Diverging Vertically Services/ Music Table 10-15 9900B TCAD Symbols 10.7.1 Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Wpt Info Figure 10-25 Traffic Page for Ryan TCAD 9900B Symbol Imminent Traffic Non-Imminent Traffic (Traffic within ±500 feet AND 1.0 NM; OR no altitude AND within 1.0 NM) Getting Started Direct-To Ownship Icon Range Ring Radius Touch To Select Barometric Pressure Foreword Utilities Select Local Barometric Pressure System 1. While viewing the TCAD display, touch the Baro key to select the local barometric pressure. 2. Use the keypad to select the values and touch Enter to save the values. Messages Symbols Appendix 190-01007-03 Rev. J 190-01007-03-Final.indb 31 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 10-31 Index 7/9/2015 2:07:44 PM Foreword 10.7.2 Select Active Shield Getting Started 1. While viewing the TCAD display, touch the Active Shield key to select the Active Shield values (Departure, Enroute, or Ground). Audio & Xpdr Ctrl 2. Touch the desired setting to save the values. Com/Nav FPL Direct-To 10.7.3 TCAD 9900B Traffic Menu The TCAD 9900B Menu allows control over the settings for the TCAD Traffic display. 1. While viewing the Traffic page, touch the Menu key. Proc Charts Select Approach Mode: Set, Armed, or Active Set Traffic Audio Volume Select Shield Setup Wpt Info Figure 10-26 TCAD 9900B Traffic Menu 2. Touch the desired key from the menu to make any settings. Map Traffic 10.7.3.1 Terrain Weather Traffic Audio 1. While viewing the TCAD Control menu, touch the Traffic Audio key. Touch To Lower The Volume Touch To Raise The Volume Nearest Bar Graph Showing Volume Level Services/ Music Figure 10-27 TCAD Traffic Audio 2. Touch the arrow keys to raise or lower the TCAD Traffic Audio level. The selected volume will be shown as a percentage value and graphically with a bar graph. Utilities System 3. Touch the Back key to return to the TCAD Control menu. Messages Symbols Appendix Index 10-32 190-01007-03-Final.indb 32 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 190-01007-03 Rev. J 7/9/2015 2:07:44 PM 10.7.3.2 Shield Setup Foreword The Shield Setup function allows you to select the Shield Type (mode of operation) and the size of the shield volume that will provide alerts when entered by aircraft. Approach Shield Type 1. While viewing the TCAD Control menu, touch the Shield Type key and touch the Approach Shield Type. Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL Touch To Select Shield Type: Approach or Standard Direct-To Touch To Automatically Select The Destination Airport Field Elevation Touch To Manually Set Field Elevation Proc Charts Figure 10-28 TCAD 9900B Shield Setup for Approach Wpt Info 2. Touch the Field Elevation key. 3. With the Use DEST APT key deactivated (no green bar), touch the Field Elevation key to manually select the Field Elevation for traffic reporting. Use the keypad to select the elevation value. 4. Touch the Enter key to accept the selected value. The selected value will be shown in the Field Elevation key. 5. Touch the Use DEST APT key to automatically use the field elevation of the destination airport of the active flight plan for traffic reporting. NOTE: Activating the Use DEST APT feature automatically uses the elevation for the current destination airport for the TCAD. If no destination airport is present in the GTN system, the TCAD will not receive a field elevation and therefore not automatically enter approach mode. Map Traffic Terrain Weather Nearest Services/ Music Utilities System Messages Symbols Appendix 190-01007-03 Rev. J 190-01007-03-Final.indb 33 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 10-33 Index 7/9/2015 2:07:44 PM Foreword En Route, Standard, or Terminal Shield Type 1. While viewing the TCAD Control menu, touch the Shield Type key and touch the desired Shield Type: Enroute, Standard, or Terminal. Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL Touch To Select Shield Type: Approach or Standard Touch To Manually Set Shield Height Touch To Shield Range Direct-To Figure 10-29 TCAD 9900B Shield Setup for En Route, Standard, and Terminal Proc 2. Touch the Shield Height key and use the keypad to select the Shield Height value. The selected value will be shown in the Shield Range key. Charts 3. Touch the Shield Range key and use the keypad to select the Shield Range value. The selected value will be shown in the Shield Range key. Wpt Info Map Traffic 10.7.3.3 Terrain Weather Approach Mode 1. While viewing the TCAD Control menu, touch the Approach key to activate Approach Mode TCAD traffic. 2. Touching the Approach key toggles Approach Mode between Set, Armed, or Active. Nearest Services/ Music Utilities System Messages Symbols Appendix Index 10-34 190-01007-03-Final.indb 34 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 190-01007-03 Rev. J 7/9/2015 2:07:44 PM 10.8 TCAD 9900BX Operation The TCAD 9900BX provides an active system that interrogates other aircraft to acquire traffic information. Map Orientation Altitude Separation 1600 Feet, Ascending Traffic Advisory Altitude Separation 200 Feet, Descending Range Ring Radius Touch To Select Barometric Pressure Traffic Annunciation Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Other Traffic, Separation 1300 Feet Above Ownship Icon Foreword Touch To Select Altitude Filter Touch To View Traffic Menu Com/Nav FPL Direct-To Proc Charts Wpt Info Figure 10-30 Traffic Page for Ryan TCAD 9900BX Map Symbol Description Traffic Advisory Traffic Proximity Advisory Terrain (color may be configured as cyan) Other Traffic Weather (color may be configured as cyan) Out-of-Range Traffic Advisory Nearest Services/ Music Table 10-16 9900BX (TCAS) Symbols 10.8.1 Select Local Barometric Pressure Utilities 1. While viewing the TCAD display, touch the Baro key to select the local barometric pressure. System 2. Use the keypad to select the values and touch Enter to save the values. Messages Symbols Appendix 190-01007-03 Rev. J 190-01007-03-Final.indb 35 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 10-35 Index 7/9/2015 2:07:45 PM Foreword 10.8.2 Select Altitude Filter The Altitude Filter limits the traffic displayed to the Below, Normal, Above or Unrestricted altitude block as listed in the “Displayed Traffic Range” table. The filter altitudes are relative to ownship altitude. While viewing the Traffic page, touch the Altitude Filter key to change the altitude filter value. Select the desired altitude filter by touching the Normal, Above, Below, or Unrestricted keys. The selection is displayed in the Altitude Filter field. Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL Selected Altitude Filter Direct-To Proc Charts Wpt Info Figure 10-31 Traffic Altitude Filter Selection Map Altitude Mode Below Normal Above Unrestricted Traffic Terrain Weather Displayed Traffic Range -9900 ft to 2700 ft -2700 ft to 2700 ft -2700 ft to 9900 ft All Traffic Shown Table 10-17 Displayed Traffic Range Nearest Services/ Music Utilities 10.8.3 TCAD 9900BX Traffic Menu The TCAD 9900BX Menu allows control over the settings for the TCAD Traffic display. 1. While viewing the Traffic page, touch the Menu key. Select Shield Setup System Messages Select Approach Mode: Set, Armed, or Active Set Traffic Audio Volume Toggle Ground Mode On or Off Symbols Figure 10-32 TCAD 9900BX Traffic Menu Appendix Index 2. Touch the desired key from the menu to make any settings. 10-36 190-01007-03-Final.indb 36 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 190-01007-03 Rev. J 7/9/2015 2:07:45 PM 10.8.3.1 Traffic Audio 1. While viewing the TCAD Control menu, touch the Traffic Audio key. Touch To Lower The Volume Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Touch To Raise The Volume Com/Nav Bar Graph Showing Volume Level FPL Figure 10-33 TCAD Traffic Audio 2. Touch the arrow keys to raise or lower the TCAD Traffic Audio level. The selected volume will be shown as a percentage value and graphically with a bar graph. Direct-To Proc 3. Touch the Back key to return to the TCAD Control menu. Charts 10.8.3.2 Wpt Info Shield Setup The Shield Setup function allows you to select the Shield Type (mode of operation) and the size of the shield volume that will provide alerts when entered by aircraft. Map Traffic Approach Shield Type 1. While viewing the TCAD Control menu, touch the Shield Type key and touch the Approach Shield Type. Touch To Select Shield Type: Approach or Standard Touch To Automatically Select The Destination Airport Field Elevation Figure 10-34 TCAD 9900BX Shield Setup for Approach 3. With the Use DEST APT key deactivated (no green bar), touch the Field Elevation key to manually select the Field Elevation for traffic reporting. Use the keypad to select the elevation value. Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide Services/ Music Utilities System 2. Touch the Field Elevation key. 190-01007-03-Final.indb 37 Weather Nearest Touch To Manually Set Field Elevation 190-01007-03 Rev. J Terrain 10-37 Messages Symbols Appendix Index 7/9/2015 2:07:45 PM 4. Touch the Enter key to accept the selected value. The selected value will be shown in the Field Elevation key. Foreword 5. Touch the Use DEST APT key to automatically use the field elevation of the destination airport of the active flight plan for traffic reporting. Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl NOTE: Activating the Use DEST APT feature automatically uses the elevation for the current destination airport for the TCAD. If no destination airport is present in the GTN system, the TCAD will not receive a field elevation and therefore not automatically enter approach mode. Com/Nav FPL Direct-To Proc Charts Wpt Info Map En Route, Standard, or Terminal Shield Type 1. While viewing the TCAD Control menu, touch the Shield Type key and touch the desired Shield Type: Enroute, Standard, or Terminal. Touch To Select Shield Type: Approach or Standard Touch To Manually Set Shield Height Touch To Shield Range Traffic Figure 10-35 TCAD 9900BX Shield Setup for En Route, Standard, and Terminal 2. Touch the Shield Height key and use the keypad to select the Shield Height value. The selected value will be shown in the Shield Range key. Terrain Weather Nearest Services/ Music 10.8.3.3 Utilities 2. Touching the Approach key toggles Approach Mode between Set, Armed, or Active. System Messages 10.8.3.4 Symbols Appendix Index 3. Touch the Shield Range key and use the keypad to select the Shield Range value. The selected value will be shown in the Shield Range key. Approach Mode 1. While viewing the Traffic menu, touch the Approach key to activate Approach Mode TCAD traffic. 10-38 190-01007-03-Final.indb 38 Ground Mode 1. While viewing the Traffic menu, touch the Ground key to activate Ground Mode TCAD traffic. 2. Touching the Ground key toggles Ground Mode between On and Off. Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 190-01007-03 Rev. J 7/9/2015 2:07:45 PM 11 TERRAIN 11.1 Foreword Terrain Configurations Getting Started During power-up of the GTN 7XX, the terrain/obstacle database versions are displayed along with a disclaimer. At the same time, the Terrain system self-test begins. A failure message is issued if the terrain test fails. Com/Nav Garmin provides the following terrain awareness solutions within the GTN 7XX environment: FPL • Terrain Proximity - This is the standard Terrain function and refers to the display of the relative terrain elevations on the moving map. No aural alerts of any type are provided by a Terrain Proximity configuration. • TAWS-B (Optional) - A system developed to meet the terrain alerting and ground proximity requirements for Class B TAWS systems as defined in TSO-C151c. Garmin’s GTN 7XX Terrain Awareness and Warning System (TAWS-B) is an optional feature and is intended to provide the flight crew with both aural and visual alerts to aid in preventing inadvertent Controlled Flight Into Terrain (CFIT). • HTerrain Proximity - This is the standard Terrain function and refers to the display of the relative terrain elevations on the moving map. No aural alerts of any type are provided by a Terrain Proximity configuration. • HTAWS - (HTAWS) is an optional feature to increase situational awareness and aid in reducing controlled flight into terrain. Garmin TAWS satisfies TSO-C194 requirements for certification. • TAWS-A (Optional) - A system to increase situational awareness and aid in reducing controlled flight into terrain (CFIT) as defined in TSO-C151c. TAWS-A provides visual and aural annunciations when terrain and obstacles are within the given altitude threshold from the aircraft. Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Direct-To Proc Charts Wpt Info Map Traffic Terrain Weather Nearest Services/ Music Utilities System NOTE: Obstacles are removed from the Terrain and TAWS pages at ranges greater than 10 NM. Messages Symbols Appendix 190-01007-03 Rev. J 190-01007-03-Final.indb 1 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 11-1 Index 7/9/2015 2:07:45 PM Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl 11.2 General Database Information Garmin TAWS and HTAWS use terrain and obstacle information supplied by government and private sources. The data undergoes verification by Garmin to confirm accuracy of the content. However, the displayed information should never be understood as being all-inclusive. Pilots must familiarize themselves with the appropriate charts for safe flight. Com/Nav NOTE: The data contained in the terrain and obstacle databases comes from government and private agencies. Garmin accurately processes and cross-validates the data, but cannot guarantee the accuracy and completeness of the data. FPL Direct-To The terrain database is contained on the datacard. Proc 11.2.1 Charts Wpt Info Map Traffic Terrain Weather Nearest Services/ Music Utilities System Messages Symbols Appendix Index Database Versions The version and area of coverage of each terrain/obstacle database is shown on the System-System Status page. Databases are checked for integrity at powerup. If a database is found to be missing and/or deficient, the TAWS/HTAWS system fails the self-test and displays the TAWS/HTAWS system failure message. 11.2.2 HTAWS Database Requirements To function properly, HTAWS requires the use of databases specific to helicopters and HTAWS. The databases required are: • 2.5 arc-second Terrain Database • Helicopter Obstacle Database • Helicopter Navigation Database 11.2.3 Database Updates Terrain and obstacle databases are updated periodically with the latest terrain and obstacle data. Visit the Garmin website to check for newer versions of terrain/obstacle databases. Compare database cycle numbers to determine if a newer version is available. The database update process includes either reprogramming or replacing the database card and inserting the updated card in the card slot on the unit front panel. The terrain/obstacle database may be downloaded via the internet and the card reprogrammed using a USB programmer available from Garmin. Contact Garmin at 866-739-5687 or at www.garmin.com or http://fly.garmin.com for more information. 11-2 190-01007-03-Final.indb 2 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 190-01007-03 Rev. J 7/9/2015 2:07:46 PM To update your terrain/obstacle databases: Foreword 1. Prepare the card with new terrain data. 2. Turn off the power to the unit. Getting Started 3. Remove the old terrain data card and insert the new card into the unit. Audio & Xpdr Ctrl 4. Turn on the unit and verify that the Terrain Database verification is succesful. Com/Nav 5. Verify that TAWS/HTAWS passes the self-test (if configured for TAWS or HTAWS). 11.2.4 Direct-To Terrain Database Areas of Coverage The fixed-wing terrain database provides worldwide coverage. The following describes the area of coverage available in each helicopter terrain database. Regional definitions may change without notice. Database Americas - North Americas - South Atlantic - North Atlantic - South Pacific - North Pacific - South FPL Coverage Area Latitudes: 0° to N90° Longitudes: W180° to W30° Latitudes: N30° to S90° Longitudes: W180° to W30° Latitudes: 0° to N90° Longitudes: W30° to E90° Latitudes: N30° to S90° Longitudes: W30° to E90° Latitudes: 0° to N90° Longitudes: E60° to E180° Latitudes: N30° to S90° Longitudes: E60° to E180° Proc Charts Wpt Info Map Traffic Terrain Weather Nearest Services/ Music Utilities Table 11-1 Terrain Database Coverage NOTE: Because of higher resolution helicopter terrain data, the world-wide data won't fit on the terrain database card. Therefore, data is regionalized. If you have the wrong region database for your present position, then you get the message that terrain is unavailable for the current location and a crosshatched pattern on the terrain display. System Messages Symbols Appendix 190-01007-03 Rev. J 190-01007-03-Final.indb 3 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 11-3 Index 7/9/2015 2:07:46 PM Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL Direct-To Proc 11.2.5 The following describes the area of coverage available in each database. Regional definitions may change without notice. Database Coverage Area Limited to the United States plus some areas of Canada, United States (US) Mexico, Caribbean, and the Pacific. Alaska, Austria, Belgium, Canada*, Caribbean*, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, US/Europe Hawaii, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Mexico*, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, United Kingdom, United States * Indicates partial coverage Table 11-2 Obstacle Database Coverage Charts NOTE: It is very important to note that not all obstacles are necessarily charted and therefore may not be contained in the Obstacle Database. Wpt Info Map Traffic Terrain Weather Obstacle Database Areas of Coverage Obstacle databases created for GTN software version 5.10 or later include all power lines or only HOT lines depending on the type of obstacle database installed. Hazardous Obstacle Transmission (HOT) Lines are those power lines that are co-located with other FAA-identified obstacles. The installed obstacle database type can be verified on the System Status page. Power line data is available for the contiguous United States as well as small parts of Canada and Mexico. Nearest Services/ Music Utilities System Messages Symbols Appendix Index 11-4 190-01007-03-Final.indb 4 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 190-01007-03 Rev. J 7/9/2015 2:07:46 PM 11.3 Terrain Proximity Foreword Garmin Terrain Proximity is a non-TSO-C151c-certified terrain awareness system provided as a standard feature of GTN 7XX to increase situational awareness and help reduce controlled flight into terrain (CFIT). Terrain may be displayed on the Map and Terrain pages. Terrain Proximity uses information provided from the GPS receiver to provide a horizontal position and altitude. GPS altitude is derived from satellite measurements. GPS altitude is converted to a Mean Sea Level (MSL)-based altitude (GSL altitude) and is used to determine Terrain alerts. GSL altitude accuracy is affected by factors such as satellite geometry, but it is not subject to variations in pressure and temperature that normally affect pressure altitude devices. GSL altitude does not require local altimeter settings to determine MSL altitude. Therefore, GPS altitude provides a highly accurate and reliable MSL altitude source to calculate terrain and obstacle alerts. Terrain utilizes terrain and obstacle databases that are referenced to mean sea level (MSL). Using the GPS position and GSL altitude, Terrain displays a 2-D picture of the surrounding terrain and obstacles relative to the position and altitude of the aircraft. In this manner, Terrain Proximity can provide advanced alerts of predicted dangerous terrain conditions. Terrain requires the following to operate properly: Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL Direct-To Proc Charts Wpt Info Map Traffic Terrain • The system must have a valid 3-D GPS position solution. • The system must have a valid terrain/obstacle database. Weather Nearest Services/ Music Utilities View Layers System 360 Arc Messages Flight Plan Legend Symbols Figure 11-1 Terrain Proximity Page Functional Diagram Appendix 190-01007-03 Rev. J 190-01007-03-Final.indb 5 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 11-5 Index 7/9/2015 2:07:46 PM Foreword 11.3.1 Displaying Terrain Proximity The Terrain page is in the Terrain function. Getting Started 1. Touch the Terrain key on the Home page. Terrain Page Title Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Heading Annunciation Active Flight Plan Leg Com/Nav Aircraft GSL Value (GPS Derived) Red Terrain Is Above Or Within 100 ft Below The Aircraft Altitude FPL Direct-To Ownship Position Range Rings Proc Yellow Terrain Is Between 100 ft and 1000 ft Below The Aircraft Altitude Charts Wpt Info Map Traffic Terrain Icon shows point obstacle overlay is active (software version 5.12, or later) Terrain Menu Key Terrain Type Icon shows wire obstacle overlay is active (software version 5.12, or later) Figure 11-2 Terrain Page Weather 2. Touch the Menu key for options. Nearest Selected View Flight Plan Selected To Show Services/ Music Terrain and Obstacle Legend Selected To Show Utilities System Figure 11-3 Terrain Menu Options Messages Symbols Appendix Index 11-6 190-01007-03-Final.indb 6 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 190-01007-03 Rev. J 7/9/2015 2:07:46 PM 11.3.1.1 Terrain Page 120° Arc or 360° Rings Foreword Select the 120º Arc or 360º rings overlay for the Terrain page with either the 360 or Arc keys from the Menu. 1. While viewing the Terrain page, touch the Menu key. 2. Touch the 360º or Arc key. Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL Outer Arc Range Heading Annunciation Direct-To Aircraft GSL Value (GPS Derived) Proc 120° Arc Outline Charts Red Terrain Is Above Or Within 100 ft Below The Aircraft Altitude Wpt Info Map Yellow Terrain Is Between 100 ft and 1000 ft Below The Aircraft Altitude Terrain Scale Obstacle Scale (software version 6.00, or later) Traffic Terrain Terrain Type Weather Figure 11-4 Terrain 120° Arc View 11.3.1.2 Display Flight Plan on Terrain Page Select the display of the active flight plan on the Terrain page. Touch the Flight Plan key to toggle the display of active flight plan on or off. 11.3.1.3 Display Terrain and Obstacle Legend Select the display of the Terrain Legend on the Terrain page. Touch the Legend key to toggle the display of the Terrain Legend on or off. Nearest Services/ Music Utilities System Messages Symbols Appendix 190-01007-03 Rev. J 190-01007-03-Final.indb 7 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 11-7 Index 7/9/2015 2:07:46 PM Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL Direct-To 11.3.2 Terrain Limitations Terrain Proximity displays terrain and obstructions relative to the altitude of the aircraft. The displayed alerts are advisory in nature only. Individual obstructions may be shown if available in the database. However, all obstructions may not be available in the database and data may be inaccurate. Terrain information should be used as an aid to situational awareness. Never use this information for navigation or to maneuver to avoid obstacles. Terrain Proximity uses terrain and obstacle information supplied by government sources. The displayed information should never be understood as being all-inclusive. NOTE: The data contained in the Terrain databases comes from government agencies. Garmin accurately processes and cross-validates the data but cannot guarantee the accuracy and completeness of the data. Proc Charts NOTE: TERRAIN, TAWS-A, TAWS-B, HTAWS, or HTERRAIN PROXIMITY functionality will be available via the Terrain page, depending on the installed hardware and configuration. HTAWS or HTERRAIN PROXIMITY are available in software version 4.00, or later. TAWS-A is available in software version 5.00, or later. Wpt Info Map Traffic Terrain Weather Nearest Services/ Music Utilities System Messages Symbols Appendix Index 11-8 190-01007-03-Final.indb 8 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 190-01007-03 Rev. J 7/9/2015 2:07:46 PM 11.4 Terrain Awareness and Warning System (TAWS-B) Optional Foreword TAWS (Terrain Awareness and Warning System) is an optional feature to increase situational awareness and aid in reducing controlled flight into terrain (CFIT). TAWS provides visual and aural annunciations when terrain and obstacles are within the given altitude threshold from the aircraft. TAWS satisfies TSO-C151c Class B requirements for certification. Class B TAWS is required for all Part 91 turbine aircraft operations with six or more passenger seats and for Part 135 turbine aircraft operations with six to nine passenger seats (FAR Parts 91.223, 135.154). 11.4.1 TAWS-B Requirements Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL Direct-To Proc TAWS requires the following to operate properly: Charts • A valid terrain/obstacle database Wpt Info • A valid 3-D GPS position solution 11.4.2 TAWS-B Limitations Map NOTE: The data contained in the TAWS databases comes from government agencies. Garmin accurately processes and cross-validates the data but cannot guarantee the accuracy and completeness of the data. TAWS displays terrain and obstructions relative to the altitude of the aircraft. Compliance with TAWS B alerts and warnings is MANDATORY. When a TAWS B “pull up” annunciation is issued, the pilot is required to pull up. TAWS uses terrain and obstacle information supplied by government sources. Terrain information is based on terrain elevation information in a database that may contain inaccuracies. Individual obstructions may be shown if available in the database. The data undergoes verification by Garmin to confirm accuracy of the content, per TSO-C151c. Traffic Terrain Weather Nearest Services/ Music Utilities System Messages Symbols Appendix 190-01007-03 Rev. J 190-01007-03-Final.indb 9 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 11-9 Index 7/9/2015 2:07:46 PM Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL Direct-To Proc Charts Wpt Info Map 11.4.3 TAWS uses information provided from the GPS receiver to provide a horizontal position and altitude. GPS altitude is derived from satellite measurements. GPS altitude is converted to a Mean Sea Level (MSL)-based altitude (GSL altitude) and is used to determine TAWS alerts. GSL altitude accuracy is affected by factors such as satellite geometry, but it is not subject to variations in pressure and temperature that normally affect pressure altitude devices. GSL altitude does not require local altimeter settings to determine MSL altitude. Therefore, GPS altitude provides a highly accurate and reliable MSL altitude source to calculate terrain and obstacle alerts. The terrain and obstacle databases used by TAWS are referenced to Mean Sea Level. Using the GPS position and GSL altitude, TAWS displays a 2-D picture of the surrounding terrain and obstacles relative to the position and altitude of the aircraft. Furthermore, the GPS position and GSL altitude are used to calculate and “predict” the aircraft’s flight path in relation to the surrounding terrain and obstacles. In this manner, TAWS can provide advanced alerts of predicted dangerous terrain conditions. 11.4.4 Traffic Terrain Weather Nearest Services/ Music Utilities Computing GPS Altitude for TAWS Baro-Corrected Altitude Versus GSL Altitude Baro-corrected altitude (or indicated altitude) is derived by adjusting the altimeter setting for local atmospheric conditions. The most accurate barocorrected altitude can be achieved by frequently updating the altimeter setting to the nearest reporting station along the flight path. However, because actual atmospheric conditions seldom match the standard conditions defined by the International Standard Atmosphere (ISA) model (where pressure, temperature, and lapse rates have fixed values), it is common for the baro-corrected altitude (as read from the altimeter) to differ from the GSL altitude. This variation results in the aircraft’s true altitude differing from the baro-corrected altitude. System Messages Symbols Appendix Index 11-10 190-01007-03-Final.indb 10 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 190-01007-03 Rev. J 7/9/2015 2:07:46 PM 11.4.5 Using TAWS-B Foreword During unit power-up, the terrain/obstacle database versions are displayed. At the same time, TAWS self-test begins. One of the following aural messages is generated: • “TAWS System Test OK” • “TAWS System Failure” Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav TAWS information can be displayed on the Map page. Terrain and obstacles with heights greater than 200 feet Above Ground Level (AGL) are displayed in yellow and red. The GTN 7XX adjusts colors automatically as the aircraft altitude changes. FPL Direct-To Proc Charts Wpt Info Map View 360 Arc Traffic Layers Flight Plan Legend Terrain TAWS TAWS Inhibit Test TAWS Weather Figure 11-5 TAWS-B Page Functional Diagram 11.4.6 Nearest Displaying TAWS-B Data TAWS uses yellow (caution) and red (warning) to depict terrain and obstacles alerts relative to aircraft altitude. Colors are adjusted automatically as the aircraft altitude changes. The colors and symbols shown below are used to represent terrain, obstacles, and threat locations. Obstacles are removed when more than 2000 ft below the aircraft. Services/ Music Utilities System Messages Symbols Appendix 190-01007-03 Rev. J 190-01007-03-Final.indb 11 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 11-11 Index 7/9/2015 2:07:47 PM Threat Location Foreword Terrain above or within 100 ft below the aircraft altitude (Red) Projected Flight Path 100 ft Threshold Getting Started Unlighted Obstacle 1000 ft Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Terrain between 100 ft and 1000 ft below the aircraft altitude (Yellow) Com/Nav Terrain more than 1000 ft below the aircraft altitude (Black) Figure 11-6 Terrain Altitude/Color Correlation for TAWS-B FPL Unlighted Obstacle Threat Location Terrain < 1000 ft > 1000 ft < 1000 ft > 1000 ft Indicator Color AGL AGL AGL AGL Direct-To Proc Lighted Obstacle Charts Red Wpt Info Traffic Terrain Weather Obstacle Symbol Map Yellow White Terrain/ Obstacle between 1000 ft and 2000 ft below current aircraft altitude Utilities System Alert Level Terrain/ Obstacle at or within 100 ft WARNING below current (Red) aircraft altitude Terrain/ Obstacle between 100 ft and 1000 ft below current aircraft altitude Nearest Services/ Music Terrain/ Obstacle Location CAUTION (Yellow) Table 11-3 TAWS-B Terrain/Obstacle Colors and Symbology Messages Symbols Appendix Index 11-12 190-01007-03-Final.indb 12 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 190-01007-03 Rev. J 7/9/2015 2:07:47 PM Tower Windmill Windmill in Group Power Line Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Table 11-4 Obstacle Icon Types Grouped obstacles are shown with an asterisk (as shown in the Windmill in Group example above). The color of the asterisks is tied to the relative altitude of the highest obstacle in the group, not other obstacles within that group. Obstacles are grouped when they would otherwise overlap. 11.4.7 Aircraft orientation on this map is always heading up unless there is no valid heading. If orientation is not heading up, it will be track up. Two views are available relative to the position of the aircraft: the 360° default display and the radar-like ARC (120°) display. Map range is adjustable with the In and Out keys from 1 to 200 NM, as indicated by the map range rings (or arcs). Terrain Page Layers 1. While viewing the Terrain page, touch the Menu key. Select Terrain View FPL Direct-To TAWS-B Page TAWS information is displayed on the Map and Terrain pages. The TAWS Page is specialized to show terrain, obstacle, and threat location data in relation to the aircraft’s current altitude, without clutter from the basemap. Flight plan information (airports, VORs, and other NAVAIDs) included in the flight plan are displayed for reference. If an obstacle and the projected flight path of the aircraft intersect, the display automatically zooms in to the closest threat location on the TAWS Page. 11.4.7.1 Com/Nav Proc Charts Wpt Info Map Traffic Terrain Weather Nearest Services/ Music Select Displayed Layer Utilities System Messages Symbols Select TAWS Function Figure 11-7 Terrain Page TAWS-B Menu 190-01007-03 Rev. J 190-01007-03-Final.indb 13 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide Appendix 11-13 Index 7/9/2015 2:07:47 PM 2. Touch the Flight Plan key to toggle the display of the active flight plan. Foreword Getting Started Flight Plan Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Terrain Overlay Com/Nav FPL Direct-To Proc Charts Wpt Info Terrain Legend Obstacle Legend (software version 6.00, or later) Icon shows point obstacle overlay is active (software version 5.12, or later) 3. Touch the Legend key to toggle the display of the Terrain and Obstacle legend. Traffic Weather Icon shows wire obstacle overlay is active (software version 5.12, or later) Figure 11-8 Flight Plan and Legend Shown On TAWS-B Terrain Page Map Terrain TAWS-B Annunciation 11.4.7.2 Terrain Page View Select the 120º Arc or 360º rings overlay for the Terrain page with either the 360 or Arc keys from the Menu. 1. While viewing the Terrain page, touch the Menu key. Nearest 2. Touch the 360º or Arc key. Services/ Music Utilities System Messages 11.4.7.3 Terrain Page TAWS-B Selections The TAWS selections allow you to inhibit aural TAWS alerts and to send a request to the TAWS equipment to run its internal tests. After cycling power, TAWS will no longer be inhibited. 1. While viewing the Terrain page, touch the Menu key. Symbols Appendix Index 11-14 190-01007-03-Final.indb 14 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 190-01007-03 Rev. J 7/9/2015 2:07:47 PM 2. Touch the TAWS Inhibit key to toggle the inhibiting of TAWS alerts. Foreword Getting Started Test TAWS - Only Available on Ground TAWS Alerts Inhibited Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL TAWS Inhibited Annunciation Direct-To Figure 11-9 TAWS-B Alerts Inhibited Selected 3. Touch the Test TAWS key to test the TAWS system. This function is not available when the aircraft is in the air. Proc Charts Wpt Info Map TAWS Test Display Traffic Terrain Weather TAWS Test Annunciation Nearest Figure 11-10 TAWS-B Test Selected 11.4.8 Services/ Music TAWS-B Alerts Alerts are issued when flight conditions meet parameters that are set within TAWS software algorithms. When an alert is issued, visual annunciations are displayed and aural alerts are simultaneously issued. TAWS alert types are shown in the TAWS Alerts Summary with corresponding annunciations and aural messages. When an alert is issued, annunciations appear on the TAWS page. If the TAWS page is not displayed at the time, a pop-up alert appears on the page being viewed. 190-01007-03 Rev. J 190-01007-03-Final.indb 15 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 11-15 Utilities System Messages Symbols Appendix Index 7/9/2015 2:07:48 PM Foreword Obstacle Group Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Blinking Message Com/Nav Touch To Remove Pop-Up And Remain On Current Page Touch To Display Terrain Page FPL TAWS Annunciation Direct-To Proc Figure 11-11 Terrain Alert Pop-Up To acknowledge the pop-up alert: Touch the Go to Terrain key (accesses the TAWS Page) Charts OR Wpt Info Touch the Close key to remove the pop-up alert Map Traffic Terrain Weather Nearest Services/ Music If the pilot takes no action, the pop-up will be removed when the alert is no longer active. 11.4.8.1 TAWS-B Alerting Colors and Symbology Color and symbols are also associated with TAWS alerts. The alert annunciations show in the bottom left corner of the display. The three TAWS alert levels and their associated text coloring as well as any associated symbology are shown in the following table. Alert Level Annunciator Text Warning White text on red background Caution Black text on yellow background Utilities System Messages Symbols Informational Appendix Index 11-16 190-01007-03-Final.indb 16 Threat Location Indicator Example Visual Annunciation Black text on white Not Applicable background Table 11-5 TAWS-B Alert Colors and Symbology Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 190-01007-03 Rev. J 7/9/2015 2:07:48 PM Alert Type Alert Annunciation Excessive Descent Rate Warning (EDR-W) FLTA Terrain Warning (RTC-W, ITI-W) FLTA Obstacle Warning (ROC-W, IOI-W) FLTA Wire Warning (ILI-W, RLC-W) FLTA Terrain Caution (RTC-C, ITI-C) FLTA Obstacle Caution (ROC-C, IOI-C) FLTA Wire Caution (ILI-C, RLC-C) Premature Descent Alert Caution (PDA) Excessive Descent Rate Caution (EDR-C) Negative Climb Rate Caution (NCR-C) Voice Call Out (VCO-500) None Aural Message Foreword “Pull Up” Getting Started “Terrain Ahead, Pull Up; Terrain Ahead, Pull Up”* or “Terrain, Terrain; Pull Up, Pull Up” “Obstacle Ahead, Pull Up; Obstacle Ahead, Pull Up”* or “Obstacle, Obstacle; Pull Up, Pull Up” "Wire Ahead Pull Up, Wire Ahead Pull Up" “Terrain Ahead; Terrain Ahead”* or “Caution, Terrain; Caution, Terrain” “Obstacle Ahead; Obstacle Ahead”* or “Caution, Obstacle; Caution, Obstacle” "Wire Ahead" Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL Direct-To Proc Charts Wpt Info Map Traffic Terrain “Too Low, Terrain” Weather “Sink Rate” Nearest Services/ Music “Don’t Sink”* or “Too Low, Terrain” “Five-Hundred” Utilities System Messages * Alerts with multiple messages are configurable at installation and are installationdependent. Alerts for the default configuration are indicated with asterisks. Table 11-6 TAWS-B Alerts Summary Symbols Appendix 190-01007-03 Rev. J 190-01007-03-Final.indb 17 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 11-17 Index 7/9/2015 2:07:48 PM Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl 11.4.8.2 Excessive Descent Rate Alert The purpose of the Excessive Descent Rate (EDR) alert is to provide notification when the aircraft is determined to be descending upon terrain at an excessive rate. The parameters for the alert as defined by TSO-C151c are shown below. Com/Nav Height Above Terrain (Feet) FPL Direct-To Proc Charts Wpt Info Map AT IN "S "PULL UP" Traffic $ESCENT 2ATE Terrain Figure 11-12 Excessive Descent Rate Alert Criteria Weather 11.4.8.3 Nearest Services/ Music Utilities System Messages Symbols Appendix Index Forward Looking Terrain Avoidance Reduced Required Terrain Clearance (RTC), Reduced Required Line Clearance (RLC), and Reduced Required Obstacle Clearance (ROC) alerts are issued when the aircraft flight path is above terrain, yet is projected to come within the minimum clearance values in the FLTA Alert Minimum Terrain and Obstacle Clearance Values table. When an RTC, RLC, and/or a ROC alert is issued, a threat location indicator is displayed on the TAWS Page. Imminent Terrain Impact (ITI), Imminent Line Impact (ILI), and Imminent Obstacle Impact (IOI) alerts are issued when the aircraft is below the elevation of a terrain or obstacle cell in the aircraft’s projected path. ITI, ILI, and IOI alerts are accompanied by a threat location indicator displayed on the TAWS Page. The alert is annunciated when the projected vertical flight path is calculated to come within minimum clearance altitudes in the following table. 11-18 190-01007-03-Final.indb 18 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 190-01007-03 Rev. J 7/9/2015 2:07:48 PM Minimum Clearance Altitude (feet) Level Flight Descending 700 500 350 300 150 100 100 100 Flight Phase En Route Terminal Approach Departure Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav Table 11-7 FLTA Alert Minimum Terrain and Obstacle Clearance Values During final approach, FLTA alerts are automatically inhibited when the aircraft is below 200 feet AGL while within 0.5 NM of the approach runway or below 125 feet AGL while within 1.0 NM of the runway threshold. 11.4.8.4 Direct-To Proc Premature Descent Alerting A Premature Descent Alert (PDA) is issued when the system detects that the aircraft is significantly below the normal approach path to a runway. PDA alerting begins when the aircraft is within 15 NM of the destination airport and ends when the aircraft is either 0.5 NM from the runway threshold or is at an altitude of 125 feet AGL while within 1.0 NM of the threshold. During the final descent, algorithms set a threshold for alerting based on speed, distance, and other parameters. (EIGHT !BOVE 4ERRAIN &EET FPL Charts Wpt Info Map Traffic Terrain Weather Nearest Services/ Music 0$! !LERTING !REA Utilities 2UNWAY 4HRESHOLD $ISTANCE &ROM $ESTINATION !IRPORT NM System Figure 11-13 PDA Alerting Threshold PDA and FLTA aural and visual alerts can be manually inhibited. Discretion should be used when inhibiting TAWS and the system should be enabled when appropriate. When TAWS is inhibited, the alert annunciation “TER INHB” is shown. 190-01007-03 Rev. J 190-01007-03-Final.indb 19 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 11-19 Messages Symbols Appendix Index 7/9/2015 2:07:48 PM Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl 11.4.8.5 Inhibiting/Enabling TAWS-B PDA/FLTA Alerting TAWS also has an inhibit mode that deactivates the PDA/FLTA aural and visual alerts. Pilots should use discretion when inhibiting TAWS and always remember to enable the system when appropriate. Only the PDA and FLTA alerts are disabled in the inhibit mode. After cycling power, TAWS will no longer be inhibited. Com/Nav FPL Touch To Toggle TAWS Inhibit. TAWS Inhibited shown. Direct-To Terrain (TAWS) Inhibited Annunciation Proc Charts Figure 11-14 TAWS-B Alerting Disabled (TAWS Inhibited) Annunciation Wpt Info 1. While viewing the Terrain page, touch the Menu key. Map 2. Touch the TAWS Inhibit key to inhibit or enable TAWS (choice dependent on current state). A green bar in the key indicates the TAWS is inhibited. Traffic Terrain 11.4.8.6 Weather Nearest Services/ Music Utilities Negative Climb Rate After Take-Off Alert (NCR) The Negative Climb Rate (NCR) After Take-Off alert (also referred to as “Altitude Loss After Take-Off”) provides alerts when the system determines the aircraft is losing altitude (closing upon terrain) after takeoff. The aural message “Don’t Sink” is given for NCR alerts, accompanied by an annunciation and a pop-up terrain alert on the display. NCR alerting is only active when departing from an airport and when the following conditions are met: • Height above the terrain is less than 700 feet System Messages • Distance from the departure airport is 2 NM or less • Heading change from the departure heading is less than 110º The NCR alerting parameters as defined by TSO-C151c are shown below. Symbols Appendix Index 11-20 190-01007-03-Final.indb 20 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 190-01007-03 Rev. J 7/9/2015 2:07:48 PM Height Above Terrain (Feet) Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl “DON’T SINK” or “TOO LOW, TERRAIN” Com/Nav FPL Direct-To Proc Altitude Loss (Feet) Charts Figure 11-15 Negative Climb Rate (NCR) Altitude Loss Wpt Info Height Above Terrain (Feet) Map Traffic “DON’T SINK” or “TOO LOW, TERRAIN” Terrain Weather Nearest Services/ Music Utilities Sink Rate (FPM) System Figure 11-16 Negative Climb Rate (NCR) Sink Rate Messages Symbols Appendix 190-01007-03 Rev. J 190-01007-03-Final.indb 21 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 11-21 Index 7/9/2015 2:07:49 PM Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL Direct-To Proc Charts Wpt Info Map Traffic 11.4.8.7 Altitude Voice Call Out (VCO) TAWS-B provides aural advisory alerts as the aircraft descends, beginning at 500 feet above the terrain, as determined by the radar altimeter (if greater than 5 NM from the nearest airport) or 500 feet above the nearest runway threshold elevation (if less than 5 NM from the nearest airport). Upon descent to this altitude, TAWS-B issues the aural alert message “Five-hundred”. 11.4.8.8 TAWS-B Not Available Alert TAWS-B requires a 3-D GPS position solution along with specific vertical accuracy minimums. Should the position solution become degraded or if the aircraft is out of the database coverage area, the annunciation “TAWS N/A” is generated in the annunciation window and on the TAWS-B page. The aural message “TAWS Not Available” is generated. When the GPS signal is reestablished and the aircraft is within the database coverage area, the aural message “TAWS Available” is generated (when the aircraft is airborne). 11.4.8.9 TAWS-B Failure Alert TAWS-B continually monitors several system-critical items such as database validity, hardware status, and GPS status. If the terrain/obstacle database is not available, the aural message “TAWS System Failure” is generated along with a “TAWS FAIL” annunciation. 11.4.9 Terrain Weather Nearest Services/ Music Utilities System Messages TAWS-B System Status During power-up, TAWS-B conducts a self-test of its aural and visual annunciations. The system test can also be manually initiated. An aural alert is issued at test completion. TAWS System Testing is disabled when ground speed exceeds 30 knots. Alert Alert Type Aural Message Annunciation TAWS Available None “TAWS Available” TAWS System Test in Progress TAWS System Test Pass None None “TAWS System Test OK” TAWS Not Available TAWS N/A None TAWS Alerting is Disabled Symbols TAWS System Test Fail Appendix Index “TAWS System Failure” Table 11-8 TAWS-B System Test Status Annunciations 11-22 190-01007-03-Final.indb 22 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 190-01007-03 Rev. J 7/9/2015 2:07:49 PM 11.5 HTAWS (Optional) 11.5.1 Introduction Foreword Getting Started NOTE: TERRAIN, TAWS, HTAWS, or HTERRAIN PROXIMITY functionality will be available via the Terrain page, depending on the installed hardware and configuration. HTAWS or HTERRAIN PROXIMITY are available in software version 4.00, or later. 11.5.1.1 Overview Garmin’s Helicopter Terrain Awareness Warning System (HTAWS) is an optional feature to increase situational awareness and aid in reducing controlled flight into terrain. Garmin HTAWS is TSO-C194 authorized. Units installed in helicopters that do not have HTAWS installed will display HTerrain Proximity. This is noted by the five color terrain scale which is appropriate to the low altitude operating environment for helicopters. HTAWS provides visual and aural annunciations when terrain and obstacles are a hazard to the aircraft. Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL Direct-To Proc Charts Wpt Info Map Traffic HTAWS Relative Terrain Depiction Terrain Rotorcraft Ownship Weather Nearest Services/ Music Figure 11-17 Map Page with Terrain Utilities NOTE: HTAWS-enabled units can be identified by going to the Terrain page and checking the lower right-corner for “HTAWS.” 11.5.1.2 Operating Criteria Messages Garmin HTAWS requires the following to operate properly: • The system must have a valid 3D GPS position solution • The system must have a valid terrain/obstacle database. 190-01007-03 Rev. J 190-01007-03-Final.indb 23 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide System Symbols Appendix 11-23 Index 7/9/2015 2:07:49 PM Foreword 11.5.1.3 NOTE: The data contained in the terrain and obstacle databases comes from government agencies. Garmin accurately processes and crossvalidates the data, but cannot guarantee the accuracy and completeness of the data. Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL HTAWS displays terrain and obstructions relative to the flight path of the aircraft. Individual obstructions may be shown if available in the database. However, all obstructions may not be available in the database and data may be inaccurate. Never use this information for navigation. Direct-To NOTE: Terrain databases do not consistently represent foliage. Some trees may extend above HTAWS protection limits in some operating modes. Proc Charts Wpt Info Map Traffic Limitations Terrain information is based on terrain elevation data contained in a database that may contain inaccuracies. Terrain information should be used as an aid to situational awareness. Never use it for navigation or to maneuver to avoid terrain. HTAWS uses terrain and obstacle information supplied by government sources. The data undergoes verification by Garmin to confirm accuracy of the content. However, the displayed information should never be understood as being all-inclusive. Terrain Weather Nearest Services/ Music Utilities System Messages Symbols Appendix Index 11.5.2 HTAWS Operation 11.5.2.1 HTAWS Alerting HTAWS uses information provided from the GPS receiver to provide a horizontal position and altitude. GPS altitude is derived from satellite measurements. GPS altitude is converted to a mean sea level (MSL)-based altitude (GSL altitude) and is used to determine HTAWS alerts. GSL altitude accuracy is affected by factors such as satellite geometry, but it is not subject to variations in pressure and temperature that normally affect pressure altitude devices. GSL altitude does not require local altimeter settings to determine MSL altitude. Therefore, GPS altitude provides a highly accurate and reliable MSL altitude source to calculate terrain and obstacle alerts. HTAWS utilizes terrain and obstacle databases that are referenced to mean sea level (MSL). Using the GPS position and GSL altitude, HTAWS displays a 2-D picture of the surrounding terrain and obstacles relative to the position and 11-24 190-01007-03-Final.indb 24 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 190-01007-03 Rev. J 7/9/2015 2:07:49 PM altitude of the aircraft. The GPS position and GSL altitude are used to calculate and “predict” the aircraft’s flight path in relation to the surrounding terrain and obstacles. In this manner, HTAWS can provide advanced alerts of predicted dangerous terrain conditions. Detailed alert modes are described later in this section. 11.5.2.2 Power Up Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav During power-up of the unit, the terrain/obstacle database versions are displayed along with a disclaimer to the pilot. At the same time, HTAWS selftest begins. HTAWS gives the following aural messages upon test completion: FPL Direct-To • “HTAWS System Test, OK”, if the system passes the test • “HTAWS System Failure”, if the system fails the test Proc A test failure is also annunciated visually for HTAWS, as shown in the HTAWS Alert Summary table. 11.5.3 Foreword HTAWS Page Charts Wpt Info HTAWS is shown on the Terrain page when HTAWS is available. Map Traffic Terrain Weather 120º Arc View Relative Terrain Elevation depiction Rotorcraft Ownship Icon shows point obstacle overlay is active (software version 5.12, or later) Nearest Services/ Music HTAWS Annunciation Utilities Icon shows wire obstacle overlay is active (software version 5.12, or later) System Figure 11-18 Terrain/HTAWS Page Messages Terrain information, aircraft ground track, and GPS-derived MSL altitude are displayed on the page. The “GSL” above altitude display in the top right corner of the display reminds the pilot that altitude is GPS-derived. Symbols Appendix 190-01007-03 Rev. J 190-01007-03-Final.indb 25 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 11-25 Index 7/9/2015 2:07:49 PM Foreword The HTAWS page menu provides options to acknowledge caution alerts, reduce protection, or inhibit alerting. Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav Figure 11-19 HTAWS Terrain Menu FPL Direct-To 11.5.3.1 View Selection The HTAWS Page has two selectable view settings: Proc Charts HTAWS Terrain Colorization Overlay Wpt Info Rotorcraft Ownship Map Traffic Terrain Weather 360º View Terrain Legend Obstacle Legend (software version 6.00, or later) Figure 11-20 Terrain Page with HTAWS - 360° View • 360˚ View—View from above aircraft depicting surrounding terrain on all sides. • Arc (120˚) View—View of terrain ahead of and 60˚ to either side of the aircraft flight path. Nearest Services/ Music Utilities NOTE: If a heading source is available the HTAWS page will be oriented heading up. If no heading source is available the HTAWS page will be oriented track up. System 1. While viewing the Terrain/HTAWS Page, touch MENU. Touch Arc or 360˚. Messages Symbols Appendix Index 11-26 190-01007-03-Final.indb 26 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 190-01007-03 Rev. J 7/9/2015 2:07:50 PM 2. Touch Back to return to the Terrain/HTAWS display. The HTAWS Page displays the selected view. Repeat step 1 to select the alternate view, and touch Back. 11.5.3.2 HTAWS Inhibit HTAWS provides an “inhibit mode.” This mode deactivates aural and visual alerts when they are deemed unnecessary by the aircrew. Pilots should use discretion when inhibiting the HTAWS system and always remember to enable the system when appropriate. VCO’s are not inhibited in Inhibit Mode. See section 3 for more information on HTAWS alerts. When alerting is inhibited, all FLTA aural and visual alerting is suppressed. HTAWS should only be inhibited when in visual contact with terrain and when the pilot can be assured of maintaining clearance from terrain and obstacles. When conducting en route operations and operations from published airports and heliports, HTAWS should be operated in Normal mode. HTAWS configured units will always start up with HTAWS alerts uninhibited. Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL Direct-To Proc Charts Wpt Info To inhibit HTAWS alerts: 1. While viewing the Terrain/HTAWS page, touch MENU. Map 2. Touch HTAWS Inhibit. The green bar will show when HTAWS Inhibit is active. 3. Touch Back to return to the Terrain/HTAWS display. The HTAWS alerts are inhibited. The annunciation is displayed in the terrain annunciator field whenever HTAWS is inhibited. Traffic Terrain Weather Nearest NOTE: When the ground speed is less than 30 knots HTAWS will automatically display the “HTAWS INHB” annunciation. This indicates that HTAWS is no longer providing protection. This automatic “TAWS INHB” cannot be removed by menu option selection. Menu selections for INHIBIT HTAWS and RP Mode remain available when HTAWS is automatically inhibited due to groundspeed. If the pilot selects a mode on the menu while HTAWS is auto inhibited because it is less than 30 knots then the unit will enter that mode once ground speed exceeds 30 knots. Hence, the presence of these selections on the Menu. Services/ Music Utilities System Messages Symbols Appendix 190-01007-03 Rev. J 190-01007-03-Final.indb 27 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 11-27 Index 7/9/2015 2:07:50 PM Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL Direct-To Proc Charts 11.5.3.3 External HTAWS Inhibit Control An optional installation is allowed for providing an external HTAWS Inhibit switch. Touching the external HTAWS Inhibit switch toggles the HTAWS inhibit on and off in the same manner as using the Terrain Menu selection. 11.5.3.4 Reduced Protection Mode The Reduce Protection (RP) functionality allows operating with a reduction in the alerting thresholds, and suppresses visual and aural annunciation of caution alerts. Reduced protection allows low level operations and landings off airport with a minimum number of alerts while continuing to provide protection from terrain and obstacles. Reduced Protection should only be selected when operating in visual contact with the terrain as alerting times are significantly less than in normal mode. There is support for an external RP Mode switch and an external Alert Acknowledge switch. To toggle protection: Wpt Info 1. While viewing the Terrain/HTAWS Page, touch MENU. Map 2. Touch the RP Mode key to toggle the RP mode on and off. The green bar will show when RP mode is active. Traffic Terrain 3. Touch Back to return to the Terrain/HTAWS display. The “RP Mode” annunciation is displayed in the terrain annunciator field and in the lower right corner of the terrain page whenever protection is reduced. Weather Nearest Services/ Music Utilities System Messages Symbols Appendix Index 11-28 190-01007-03-Final.indb 28 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 190-01007-03 Rev. J 7/9/2015 2:07:50 PM 11.5.3.5 HTAWS Manual Test Foreword Garmin HTAWS provides a manual test capability which verifies the proper operation of the aural and visual annunciations of the system prior to a flight. To manually test the HTAWS system: Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl 1. While viewing the Terrain/HTAWS Page, touch MENU. Com/Nav 2. Touch the Test HTAWS key. FPL 3. Touch Back to return to the Terrain/HTAWS display. Direct-To Proc An aural message is played giving the test results: • “HTAWS System Test, OK” if the system passes the test • “HTAWS System Failure” if the system fails the test Charts NOTE: HTAWS System Testing is disabled when in the air so as not to impede HTAWS alerting. 11.5.3.6 HTAWS Legend 1. While viewing the Terrain/HTAWS page, touch MENU. Wpt Info Map Traffic Terrain 2. Touch the Legend key to toggle the legend on or off. The green bar will show when the Legend is active. Weather 3. Touch Back to return to the Terrain/HTAWS display. Nearest Services/ Music Utilities System Messages Figure 11-21 HTAWS Terrain and Obstacle Legend Symbols Appendix 190-01007-03 Rev. J 190-01007-03-Final.indb 29 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 11-29 Index 7/9/2015 2:07:50 PM Color Red Orange Yellow Green Black Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav Description Terrain is more than 250 ft above the aircraft. Terrain is between 0 ft and 250 ft above the aircraft. Terrain is between 250 ft and 0 ft below the aircraft. Terrain is between 250 ft and 500 ft below the aircraft. Terrain is more than 500 ft below the aircraft. Table 11-9 HTAWS Terrain Altitude Color Description FPL Red Direct-To Terrain is more than 250 ft above the aircraft altitude Aircraft Altitude +250 ft Orange Terrain is between 250 ft and 0 ft above the aircraft altitude Proc Aircraft Altitude Yellow Terrain is between 0 ft and 250 ft below the aircraft altitude Green Terrain is between 250 ft and 500 ft below the aircraft altitude Black Terrain more than 500 ft below the aircraft altitude Aircraft Altitude -250 ft Charts Aircraft Altitude -500 ft Wpt Info Figure 11-22 HTAWS Terrain Altitude Colors Map Traffic Terrain Weather Nearest Services/ Music Utilities System Messages Symbols Appendix Index 11-30 190-01007-03-Final.indb 30 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 190-01007-03 Rev. J 7/9/2015 2:07:50 PM 11.5.3.7 Flight Plan Overlay 1. While viewing the Terrain/HTAWS page, touch MENU. Foreword Getting Started 2. Touch the Flight Plan key to toggle the overlay of the active flight plan on or off. The green bar will show when the Flight Plan overlay is shown. 3. Touch Back to return to the Terrain/HTAWS display. Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL 11.5.4 HTAWS Symbols Direct-To The symbols and colors in the following figures and table are used to represent obstacles and the location of terrain threats on the HTAWS Page. Each color is associated with a height above terrain. Proc Charts Obstacles are ALWAYS shown on the TAWS page at 10 NM and below. NOTE: If an obstacle or terrain cell and the projected flight path of the aircraft intersect, the display automatically zooms in to the closest threat location on the HTAWS Page. Wpt Info Map Traffic Tower Windmill Windmill in Group Power Line Terrain Weather Table 11-10 Obstacle Icon Types Nearest Grouped obstacles are shown with an asterisk (as shown in the Windmill in Group example above). The color of the asterisks is tied to the relative altitude of the highest obstacle in the group, not other obstacles within that group. Obstacles are grouped when they would otherwise overlap. Services/ Music Utilities System Messages Symbols Appendix 190-01007-03 Rev. J 190-01007-03-Final.indb 31 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 11-31 Index 7/9/2015 2:07:50 PM Foreword Unlighted Obstacle Getting Started < 1000 ft AGL Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Lighted Obstacle > 1000 ft < 1000 ft > 1000 ft AGL AGL AGL Obstacle Obstacle Location Color Red Com/Nav Direct-To Proc Charts Obstacle Symbol FPL Yellow White Wpt Info Map Obstacle is at or above current aircraft altitude Obstacle is between 250 ft and 0 ft below current aircraft altitude Obstacle is 250 ft, or more, below current aircraft altitude. Obstacles are removed when more than 500 ft below the helicopter. Table 11-11 HTAWS Obstacle Colors and Symbology Traffic Terrain Obstacle is at or above the aircraft altitude (Red) Weather 250 ft Nearest Obstacle is between 250 ft and 0 ft below the aircraft altitude (Yellow) Obstacle is 250 ft, or more, below the aircraft altitude (White) Services/ Music Figure 11-23 HTAWS Obstacle Altitude Colors and Symbology Utilities System Threat Location Indicator Alert Level WARNING (Red) Messages CAUTION (Yellow) Symbols Table 11-12 HTAWS Alert Coloring and Symbology Appendix Index 11-32 190-01007-03-Final.indb 32 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 190-01007-03 Rev. J 7/9/2015 2:07:51 PM 11.5.5 HTAWS Alerts Alerts are issued when flight conditions meet parameters that are set within HTAWS software algorithms. HTAWS alerts employ either a CAUTION or a WARNING alert severity level. When an alert is issued, visual annunciations are displayed. Aural alerts are simultaneously issued. Annunciations appear in a dedicated field in the lower left corner of the display. Annunciations are color-coded according to the HTAWS Alert Summary table. Pop-up terrain alerts will occur if an HTAWS alert is activated while not on the HTAWS page. There are two options when an alert is displayed: To acknowledge the pop-up alert and return to the currently viewed page: Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL Direct-To Touch the Close key. Proc To acknowledge the pop-up alert and quickly access the HTAWS Page: Charts Touch the ENT key. NOTE: To further capture the attention of the pilot, HTAWS issues aural (voice) messages that accompany visual annunciations and pop-up alerts. For a summary of aural messages, see the HTAWS Alert Summary table. NOTE: HTAWS Caution Alerts are displayed as constant black text on a yellow background; HTAWS Warning Alerts are displayed as constant white text on a red background. 11.5.5.1 Forward Looking Terrain Avoidance The unit will issue terrain alerts not only when the aircraft altitude is below the terrain elevation but also when the aircraft is projected to come within minimum clearance values of the terrain. This alerting, called Forward Looking Terrain Avoidance (FLTA), is also provided for obstacles. The FLTA functionality looks ahead of the aircraft using GPS position information and the terrain and obstacle databases to provide alerts when the predicted flight path does not clear the terrain or obstacle by the required clearance. The amount of clearance required varies depending on position relative to airports and heliports, in order to reduce the occurrence of nuisance alerting. Any threat locations are depicted on the display. There are 2 levels of severity for FLTA alerts. They are cautionary (amber) and warning (red) in nature and are described in further detail below. 190-01007-03 Rev. J 190-01007-03-Final.indb 33 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 11-33 Wpt Info Map Traffic Terrain Weather Nearest Services/ Music Utilities System Messages Symbols Appendix Index 7/9/2015 2:07:51 PM Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL Direct-To Proc Charts Wpt Info Map Traffic Terrain FLTA CAUTION—Estimated potential impact in approximately 30 seconds after a caution pop-up alert and annunciation. FLTA caution alerts are accompanied by the aural message “Caution Terrain; Caution Terrain”. Similarly, a “Caution Obstacle; Caution Obstacle” alert is also provided. The time to an alert can vary with conditions, therefore there is no guarantee of a 30 second caution alert being issued. FLTA WARNING— Warning pop-up alerts are issued 15 seconds prior to an estimated potential impact in normal mode and approximately 10 seconds in RP Mode. FLTA warning alerts are accompanied by the aural message “Warning - Terrain, Terrain” . Similarly, a “Warning Obstacle, Obstacle” alert is also provided. The time to an alert can vary with conditions, therefore there is no guarantee of a 15/10 second warning alert being issued. The alerts are annunciated visually through the annunciator status bar, a pop-up alert box, and the red and yellow areas on the HTAWS page. The alerts are annunciated aurally through a voice message indicating the potential threat, such as “Caution - Terrain, Terrain” or “Warning - Obstacle, Obstacle”. 11.5.5.2 HTAWS Voice Call Out Aural Alert The purpose of the Voice Call Out (VCO) aural alert messages are to provide an advisory alert to the pilot that the aircraft is between 500 feet and 100 feet above terrain in 100 foot increments. When the aircraft descends within the selected distance from the terrain, the aural message for the selected height above terrain is generated. There are no display annunciations or pop-up alerts that accompany the aural message. HTAWS allows an additional 50 foot VCO alert with radar altimeter input. Weather Nearest Services/ Music Utilities System Messages Symbols Appendix Index 11-34 190-01007-03-Final.indb 34 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 190-01007-03 Rev. J 7/9/2015 2:07:51 PM 11.5.5.3 HTAWS Voice Call Out Selection Foreword The Voice Call Out (VCO) selection is available when HTAWS is installed. The VCO functionality provides a voice annunciation of the aircraft’s height above terrain or the nearest airport, heliport, runway, or helipad when that threshold is first crossed. The available call outs include “Five Hundred” through “One Hundred” in one hundred foot intervals. The voice call outs can be enabled and disabled through the Voice Call Outs Selection option on the System - Audio page. NOTE: VCOs are available down to 100 feet above terrain when HTAWS is installed and use GSL above terrain to generate call outs (no radar altimeter required). If a radar altimeter is interfaced to the GTN, alerts are available down to 50 feet and the height above terrain when the radar altimeter is used to generate the callouts. To select the Voice Call Out choices in the System - Audio page, select the Voice Call Out Selection item and then select the desired value. 1. From the Main page, touch System and then Audio. Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL Direct-To Proc Charts Wpt Info Map Traffic 2. Touch the Voice Callouts key to view the Voice Call Outs page. Terrain Weather Audio Volume Bar Graph Nearest Audio Volume Numeric Value Touch To Adjust Audio Volume Services/ Music Utilities Touch To View Maximum Voice Call Outs Touch To Select Alert Voice System Messages Symbols Figure 11-24 Select Voice Call Outs from the System Audio Page Appendix 190-01007-03 Rev. J 190-01007-03-Final.indb 35 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 11-35 Index 7/9/2015 2:07:52 PM 3. Touch the MAX Voice Callout key to select the Voice Call Outs. Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Touch To Set Maximum Voice Call Out Range Com/Nav FPL Maximum Voice Call Out Range None Selected Direct-To Proc Charts Wpt Info Figure 11-25 View the Maximum Voice Call Out Range (None Selected) Map 4. The values above the selected value will be disabled (Off). Traffic Touch To Set Maximum Voice Call Out Range 200 ft Selected Terrain Weather Nearest Services/ Music Utilities Maximum Voice Call Out Range - 200 feet Selected System Messages Figure 11-26 View the Maximum Voice Call Out Range (200 ft Selected) Symbols Appendix Index 11-36 190-01007-03-Final.indb 36 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 190-01007-03 Rev. J 7/9/2015 2:07:52 PM 11.5.5.4 HTAWS Not Available Alert Foreword Garmin HTAWS requires a 3-D GPS navigation solution along with specific vertical accuracy minimums. Should the navigation solution become degraded, or if the aircraft is out of the database coverage area, the annunciation “HTAWS N/A” is shown in the annunciation window. When the GPS signal is reestablished and the aircraft is within the database coverage area, the “HTAWS N/A” annunciation is removed. 11.5.5.5 HTAWS Failure Alert Com/Nav Direct-To Proc Charts HTAWS Alert Summary The aural alert voice gender is configurable to be either male or female. See your Garmin installer for further information on configuring the alert system. HTAWS Annunciation Audio & Xpdr Ctrl FPL HTAWS continually monitors several system-critical items, such as database validity, hardware status, and GPS status. If the terrain/obstacle database is not available, the aural message “HTAWS System Failure” is issued along with the “HTAWS FAIL” annunciation. 11.5.5.6 Getting Started Wpt Info Map Pop-Up Alert Aural Message Description None “HTAWS System Failure” HTAWS has failed None None HTAWS has been inhibited by the crew, or the aircraft groundspeed is below 30 knots (automatic inhibiting). Traffic None “HTAWS Not Available” HTAWS not available. “Caution - Terrain, Terrain” Forward Looking Terrain Avoidance Caution for Terrain “Warning - Terrain, Terrain” Forward Looking Terrain Avoidance Warning for Terrain Terrain Weather Nearest Services/ Music Utilities System Messages Symbols Appendix 190-01007-03 Rev. J 190-01007-03-Final.indb 37 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 11-37 Index 7/9/2015 2:07:52 PM Foreword HTAWS Annunciation Pop-Up Alert Getting Started Aural Message Description “Caution - Obstacle, Obstacle” Forward Looking Terrain Avoidance Caution for Obstacle “Warning - Obstacle, Obstacle” Forward Looking Terrain Avoidance Warning for Obstacle None Alerting thresholds are reduced. Visual and aural annunciation of caution alerts are suppressed. “Wire Ahead” Forward Looking Terrain Avoidance Caution for Wire. "Wire Ahead Pull Up, Wire Ahead Pull Up" Forward Looking Terrain Avoidance Warning for Power Lines “Five Hundred” “Four Hundred” “Three Hundred” “Two Hundred” “One Hundred” "Fifty" HTAWS provides optional 500 ft through 100 ft (in 100 ft increments) altitude call out alerts. An additional value of 50 ft is available if a radar altimeter is installed. Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL None Direct-To Proc Charts Wpt Info Map Traffic Terrain None Weather Nearest Services/ Music None Utilities System Table 11-13 HTAWS Alert Summary Messages NOTE: HTAWS Caution Alerts are displayed as constant black text on a yellow background; HTAWS Warning Alerts are displayed as constant white text on a red background. Symbols Appendix Index 11-38 190-01007-03-Final.indb 38 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 190-01007-03 Rev. J 7/9/2015 2:07:53 PM 11.5.6 Pilot Actions Foreword If an HTAWS warning and associated aural are received, the pilot should immediately maneuver the rotorcraft in response to the alert unless the terrain or obstacle is clearly identified visually and determined by the pilot not to be a factor to the safety of the operation. A HTAWS caution alert indicates terrain or obstacle nearby. If possible visually locate the terrain or obstacle for avoidance. A HTAWS warning alert may follow a HTAWS caution unless the aircraft’s path towards the terrain or obstacle is changed. NOTE: Display of terrain and obstacles on the display is supplemental data only. Maneuvering solely by reference to the terrain and obstacle data is not recommended or authorized. Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL Direct-To Proc Charts Wpt Info Map Traffic Terrain Weather Nearest Services/ Music Utilities System Messages Symbols Appendix 190-01007-03 Rev. J 190-01007-03-Final.indb 39 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 11-39 Index 7/9/2015 2:07:53 PM Foreword Getting Started 11.6 TAWS-A (Optional) 11.6.1 Introduction NOTE: TERRAIN, TAWS-A, TAWS-B, HTAWS, or HTERRAIN PROXIMITY functionality will be available via the Terrain page, depending on the installed hardware and configuration. HTAWS or HTERRAIN PROXIMITY are available in software version 4.00, or later. TAWS-A is available in software version 5.00, or later. Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL NOTE: The data contained in the TAWS databases comes from government agencies. Garmin accurately processes and cross-validates the data but cannot guarantee the accuracy and completeness of the data. Direct-To Proc Charts Wpt Info TAWS-A (Terrain Awareness and Warning System - Class A) is an optional feature to increase situational awareness and aid in reducing controlled flight into terrain (CFIT). TAWS-A provides visual and aural annunciations when terrain and obstacles are within the given altitude threshold from the aircraft. Map TAWS-A satisfies TSO-C151c Class A and TSO-92c requirements for certification. Traffic Class A TAWS requires the following components and will not work properly without them: Terrain Weather • A valid terrain/obstacle/airport terrain database • A valid 3-D GPS position solution • Valid flap and landing gear status inputs Nearest Services/ Music Utilities System Messages Symbols Appendix Index • A valid radar altimeter TAWS-A uses terrain and obstacle information supplied by government sources. Terrain information is based on terrain elevation information in a database that may contain inaccuracies. Individual obstructions may be shown if available in the database. The data undergoes verification by Garmin to confirm accuracy of the content, per TSO-C151c. However, the displayed information should never be understood as being all-inclusive and data may be inaccurate. TAWS-A uses information from the GPS receiver to provide a horizontal position and altitude, along with additional altitude input from the radar altimeter. GPS altitude is derived from satellite measurements. GPS altitude is then converted to a height above geodetic sea level (GSL), which is the height above mean sea level (MSL) calculated geometrically. GSL altitude accuracy is 11-40 190-01007-03-Final.indb 40 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 190-01007-03 Rev. J 7/9/2015 2:07:53 PM affected by factors such as satellite geometry, but it is not subject to variations in pressure and temperature that normally affect pressure altitude devices. GSL altitude does not require local altimeter settings to determine MSL altitude. Therefore, GSL altitude provides a highly accurate and reliable MSL altitude source to calculate terrain and obstacle alerts. The terrain and obstacle databases used by TAWS-A are referenced to mean sea level (MSL). Using the GPS position and GSL altitude, TAWS-A displays a 2-D picture of the surrounding terrain and obstacles relative to the position and altitude of the aircraft. Furthermore, the GPS position and GSL altitude are used to calculate and “predict” the aircraft’s flight path in relation to the surrounding terrain and obstacles. In this manner, TAWS-A can provide advanced alerts of predicted dangerous terrain conditions. Class A TAWS incorporates radar altimeter input with the GSL altitude to provide a more accurate position reference when at lower altitudes for certain alert types, and to retain a level of ground proximity warning capability in the unlikely event of an airport, terrain or obstacle database failure. Baro-corrected altitude (or indicated altitude) is derived by adjusting the altimeter setting for local atmospheric conditions. The most accurate barocorrected altitude can be achieved by frequently updating the altimeter setting to the nearest reporting station along the flight path. However, because actual atmospheric conditions seldom match the standard conditions defined by the International Standard Atmosphere (ISA) model (where pressure, temperature, and lapse rates have fixed values), it is common for the baro-corrected altitude (as read from the altimeter) to differ from the GPS-MSL altitude. This variation results in the aircraft’s true altitude differing from the baro-corrected altitude. TAWS-A provides the following alert types: • Forward Looking Terrain Avoidance (FLTA) Alerting, which consists of: - Required Terrain Clearance (RTC) / Required Line Clearance (RLC) / Required Obstacle Clearance (ROC) Alerting - Imminent Terrain Impact (ITI) / Imminent Line Impact (ILI) / Imminent Obstacle Impact (IOI) Alerting • Premature Descent Alerting (PDA) • Ground Proximity Warning System (GPWS) Alerting, which consists of: - Excessive Descent Rate (EDR) Alerting 190-01007-03 Rev. J 190-01007-03-Final.indb 41 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL Direct-To Proc Charts Wpt Info Map Traffic Terrain Weather Nearest Services/ Music Utilities System Messages Symbols Appendix 11-41 Index 7/9/2015 2:07:53 PM - Excessive Closure Rate (ECR) to Terrain Alerting Foreword - Flight Into Terrain (FIT) Alerting Getting Started - Negative Climb Rate (NCR) after takeoff Alerting - Excessive below Glideslope/Glidepath Deviation (GSD) Alerting Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL Direct-To Proc - Altitude Voice Call Out (VCO) Alerting 11.6.1.1 Displaying TAWS-A Data TAWS-A uses yellow (caution) and red (warning) to depict terrain and obstacle (with a height greater than 200 feet above ground level, AGL) alerts relative to aircraft altitude. Depictions of obstacles more than 200 feet below the aircraft are removed. Colors are adjusted automatically as the aircraft altitude changes. The colors and symbols in Figure 11-28 and Tables 11-11 and 11-12 are used to represent terrain, obstacles, and threat locations. Charts Threat Location Terrain above or within 100 ft below the aircraft altitude (Red) Projected Flight Path 100 ft Threshold Wpt Info Unlighted Obstacle 1000 ft Map Terrain between 100 ft and 1000 ft below the aircraft altitude (Yellow) Traffic Terrain more than 1000 ft below the aircraft altitude (Black) Terrain Figure 11-27 Terrain Altitude/Color Correlation for TAWS-A Weather Alert Level Annunciator Text Nearest Warning White text on red background Services/ Music Caution Black text on yellow background Utilities Informational System Tower Messages Threat Location Indicator Example Visual Annunciation Black text on white Not Applicable background Table 11-14 TAWS-A Alert Colors and Symbology Windmill Windmill in Group Power Line Symbols Appendix Index Table 11-15 Obstacle Icon Types 11-42 190-01007-03-Final.indb 42 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 190-01007-03 Rev. J 7/9/2015 2:07:53 PM Grouped obstacles are shown with an asterisk (as shown in the Windmill in Group example above). The color of the asterisks is tied to the relative altitude of the highest obstacle in the group, not other obstacles within that group. Obstacles are grouped when they would otherwise overlap. Unlighted Obstacle Threat Location Terrain < 1000 ft > 1000 ft < 1000 ft > 1000 ft Indicator Color AGL AGL AGL AGL Obstacle Symbol Yellow 11.6.2 Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Lighted Obstacle Red Foreword Terrain/ Obstacle Location Alert Level Terrain/ Obstacle above or WARNING within 100 ft (Red) below current aircraft altitude Terrain/ Obstacle between 100 ft and 1000 ft below current aircraft altitude Com/Nav FPL Direct-To Proc Charts Wpt Info CAUTION (Yellow) Map Traffic Table 11-16 TAWS-A Terrain/Obstacle Colors and Symbology Terrain TAWS-A Display Weather The TAWS-A Page shows terrain, obstacle, and threat location data in relation to the aircraft’s current altitude, without clutter from the basemap. Aviation data (airports, VORs, and other NAVAIDs) can be displayed for reference. If an obstacle and the projected flight path of the aircraft intersect, the display automatically zooms in to the closest potential point of impact on the TAWS-A Page. Aircraft orientation on this map is always heading up unless there is no valid heading. Two views are available relative to the position of the aircraft: the 360° default display and the radar-like ARC (120°) display. Map range is adjustable with the In and Out keys from 1 to 200 NM, as indicated by the map range rings (or arcs). Nearest Services/ Music Utilities System Messages Symbols Appendix 190-01007-03 Rev. J 190-01007-03-Final.indb 43 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 11-43 Index 7/9/2015 2:07:53 PM Terrain Page Title Track Annunciation Foreword Getting Started Aircraft GSL Value (GPS Derived) Red Terrain Is Above Or Within 100 ft Below The Aircraft Altitude Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav Range Arc Yellow Terrain Is Between 100 ft and 1000 ft Below The Aircraft Altitude FPL Direct-To Ownship Position Proc Terrain Legend Charts Ostacle Legend (software version 6.00, or later) Terrain Type Figure 11-28 TAWS-A Page with Arc View Wpt Info Terrain Page Title Heading Annunciation Map Traffic Aircraft GSL Value (GPS Derived) Red Terrain Is Above Or Within 100 ft Below The Aircraft Altitude Lighted Tower Obstacle Terrain Ownship Position Weather Nearest Services/ Music Utilities An Asterisk Indicates Grouped Obstacles Yellow Terrain Is Between 100 ft and 1000 ft Below The Aircraft Altitude TAWS Annunciations (all annunciations shown on Terrain page) Lighted Windmill Obstacle TAWS Annunciations (shown on all displays) (+ indicates there are Range Arcs more annunciations and will show each one for five seconds) System Messages Symbols Terrain Type Figure 11-29 TAWS-A Page with 360° View Appendix Index 11-44 190-01007-03-Final.indb 44 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 190-01007-03 Rev. J 7/9/2015 2:07:53 PM 1. While viewing the Terrain page, touch the Menu key. Foreword 2. Selections are grouped by function: View, Layers, and TAWS. Selected View Flight Plan Selected To Show Terrain and Obstacle Legend Selected To Show Test TAWS - Only Available on Ground Flap Override Selection Glideslope Alert Ground Proximity TAWS Alerts Warning System Inhibit Inhibit Inhibit Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL Direct-To Proc Figure 11-30 TAWS-A Menu Charts Wpt Info Map Traffic Terrain View 360 Arc Layers Flight Plan Legend TAWS Flap Override G/S Inhibit GPWS Inhibit TAWS Inhibit Test TAWS Weather Nearest Services/ Music Utilities System Figure 11-31 TAWS-A Page Functional Diagram Messages Symbols Appendix 190-01007-03 Rev. J 190-01007-03-Final.indb 45 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 11-45 Index 7/9/2015 2:07:54 PM Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL 11.6.3 TAWS-A Alerts Alerts are issued when flight conditions meet parameters that are set within TAWS-A software algorithms. TAWS-A alerts employ a CAUTION or a WARNING alert severity level. When an alert is issued, visual annunciations are displayed and aural alerts are simultaneously issued. TAWS-A alert types with corresponding annunciations and aural messages are shown in Table 11-13. When an alert is issued, annunciations appear on the display. The TAWS-A Alert Annunciation is shown on the lower left part of the display. If the TAWS-A Page is not already displayed, a pop-up alert appears while an alert is active. Direct-To Proc Terrain Warning Charts Blinking Alert Wpt Info Map Traffic Touch To Remove Pop-Up And Remain On Current Page TAWS Annunciation Figure 11-32 Terrain Alert Pop-Up Terrain Weather Touch To Display Terrain Page To acknowledge the pop-up alert: Touch the Close key (returns to the currently viewed page), or Nearest Touch the Go to Terrain key (accesses the TAWS-A Page) Services/ Music Utilities System Messages Symbols Appendix Index 11-46 190-01007-03-Final.indb 46 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 190-01007-03 Rev. J 7/9/2015 2:07:54 PM 11.6.3.1 TAWS-A Alerts Summary Alert Type Reduced Required Terrain Clearance Warning (RTC) Imminent Terrain Impact Warning (ITI) Reduced Required Obstacle Clearance Warning (ROC) Imminent Obstacle Impact Warning (IOI) Alert Annunciation Foreword Pop-Up Alert (Except TAWS-A Page) or or or or Aural Message “Terrain, Terrain; Pull Up, Pull Up” * or “Terrain Ahead, Pull Up; Terrain Ahead, Pull Up” “Terrain, Terrain; Pull Up, Pull Up”* or "Terrain Ahead, Pull Up; Terrain Ahead, Pull Up” “Obstacle, Obstacle; Pull Up, Pull Up”* or “Obstacle Ahead, Pull Up; Obstacle Ahead, Pull Up” “Obstacle, Obstacle; Pull Up, Pull Up”* or “Obstacle Ahead, Pull Up; Obstacle Ahead, Pull Up” Excessive Descent Rate Warning (EDR) “Pull Up” Excessive Closure Rate Warning (ECR) “ Pull Up” Imminent Line Impact Warning (ILI) "Wire Ahead, Pull Up; Wire Ahead, Pull Up" or "Wire, Wire; Pull Up, Pull Up" Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL Direct-To Proc Charts Wpt Info Map Traffic Terrain Weather Nearest Services/ Music Utilities System Messages Symbols Appendix 190-01007-03 Rev. J 190-01007-03-Final.indb 47 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 11-47 Index 7/9/2015 2:07:54 PM Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Alert Type Alert Annunciation Pop-Up Alert (Except TAWS-A Page) Reduced Line Clearance Warning (RLC) "Wire Ahead, Pull Up; Wire Ahead, Pull Up" or "Wire, Wire; Pull Up, Pull Up" Com/Nav FPL Direct-To Proc Reduced Required Terrain Clearance Caution (RTC) Imminent Terrain Impact Caution (ITI) or or “Caution, Terrain; Caution, Terrain”* or “Terrain Ahead; Terrain Ahead” “Caution, Terrain; Caution, Terrain” or “Terrain Ahead; Terrain Ahead” Charts Wpt Info Map Traffic Reduced Required Obstacle Clearance Caution (ROC) or Terrain Weather Imminent Obstacle Impact Caution (IOI) or Nearest Services/ Music Messages Symbols “Caution, Obstacle; Caution, Obstacle”* or “Obstacle Ahead; Obstacle Ahead” “Obstacle Ahead; Obstacle Ahead”* or “Caution, Obstacle; Caution, Obstacle” Imminent Line Impact Caution (ILI) "Wire Ahead; Wire Ahead"* or "Caution, Wire; Caution, Wire" Reduced Line Clearance Caution (RLC) "Wire Ahead; Wire Ahead"* or "Caution, Wire; Caution, Wire" Utilities System Aural Message Premature Descent Alert Caution (PDA) “Too Low, Terrain” Appendix Index 11-48 190-01007-03-Final.indb 48 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 190-01007-03 Rev. J 7/9/2015 2:07:54 PM Alert Type Alert Annunciation Pop-Up Alert (Except TAWS-A Page) Aural Message Foreword Excessive Descent Rate Caution (EDR) “Sink Rate” Getting Started Excessive Closure Rate Caution (ECR) “Terrain, Terrain” Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Negative Climb Rate Caution (NCR) or “Don’t Sink”* or “Too Low, Terrain” Com/Nav FPL Flight Into Terrain High Speed Caution (FIT) “Too Low, Terrain” Flight Into Terrain Gear Caution (FIT) “Too Low, Gear” Proc Flight Into Terrain Flaps Caution (FIT) “Too Low, Flaps” Charts Flight Into Terrain Takeoff Caution (FIT) “Too Low, Terrain” Wpt Info Direct-To Map Glide Slope Deviation Caution (GSD) “Glideslope” Altitude Voice Call Out (VCO) None “Five-Hundred”, “Four-Hundred”*, “Three-Hundred”*, “Two-Hundred”*, “One-Hundred”* TAWS Available None Traffic None Terrain Weather “TAWS Available” Nearest None Services/ Music N/A “TAWS System Test OK” Utilities TAWS N/A N/A TAWS Not Available System TAWS Alerting is Disabled N/A None Messages TAWS System Test Fail N/A “TAWS System Failure” Symbols TAWS System Test in Progress TAWS System Test Pass N/A N/A None Appendix 190-01007-03 Rev. J 190-01007-03-Final.indb 49 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 11-49 Index 7/9/2015 2:07:55 PM Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav Alert Type Alert Annunciation Incorrect TAWS configuration, invalid/missing terrain, airport, or obstacle database, or TAWS audio fault. Pop-Up Alert (Except TAWS-A Page) “TAWS System Failure” ** N/A FPL No GPS position Direct-To Proc Charts Wpt Info Map Traffic Terrain Weather N/A GPS position unavailable/ degraded, outside of terrain database coverage Sufficient GPS signal reception restored Incorrect TAWS configuration, radar altimeter unavailable, GPS position unavailable/ degraded, TAWS audio fault GPWS Inhibit Utilities System Messages Symbols GPWS Not Available. Incorrect TAWS configuration, radar altimeter unavailable, GPS position unavailable/ degraded, TAWS audio fault. “TAWS Not Available” “TAWS Not Available” N/A None N/A “TAWS Available” (aural message only in flight) “GPWS System Failure” N/A N/A “GPWS System Failure” N/A None Nearest Services/ Music Aural Message Appendix Index 11-50 190-01007-03-Final.indb 50 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 190-01007-03 Rev. J 7/9/2015 2:07:55 PM Pop-Up Alert (Except TAWS-A Page) Alert Annunciation Alert Type Aural Message Glideslope Inhibit N/A None FLAP Override N/A None Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav * Alerts with multiple messages are configurable. Alerts for the default configuration are indicated with asterisks. ** VCO alerts are not issued if both TAWS and GPWS systems have failed or are not available † GSD alert will be available if a valid ILS is being used for navigation, even in no valid GPS signal is being received. Table 11-17 TAWS-A Alerts Summary FPL Direct-To Proc 11.6.3.2 Excessive Descent Rate Alert The purpose of the Excessive Descent Rate (EDR) alert is to provide notification when the aircraft is determined to be descending upon terrain at an excessive rate. The parameters for the alert as defined by TSO-C151c are shown below. Charts Wpt Info Map Traffic Height Above Terrain (Feet) Terrain AT KR Weather SIN Nearest Services/ Music Utilities "PULL UP" System Messages $ESCENT 2ATE Symbols Figure 11-33 Excessive Descent Rate Alert Criteria Appendix 190-01007-03 Rev. J 190-01007-03-Final.indb 51 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 11-51 Index 7/9/2015 2:07:55 PM Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL Direct-To Proc 11.6.3.3 Forward Looking Terrain Avoidance Reduced Required Terrain Clearance (RTC), Reduced Required Line Clearance (RLC), and Reduced Required Obstacle Clearance (ROC) alerts are issued when the aircraft flight path is above terrain, yet is projected to come within the minimum clearance values in the FLTA Alert Minimum Terrain and Obstacle Clearance Values table. When an RTC, RLC, and/or a ROC alert is issued, a threat location indicator is displayed on the TAWS Page. Imminent Terrain Impact (ITI), Imminent Line Impact (ILI), and Imminent Obstacle Impact (IOI) alerts are issued when the aircraft is below the elevation of a terrain or obstacle cell in the aircraft’s projected path. ITI, ILI, and IOI alerts are accompanied by a threat location indicator displayed on the TAWS Page. The alert is annunciated when the projected vertical flight path is calculated to come within minimum clearance altitudes in the following table. Charts Flight Phase Wpt Info En Route Terminal Approach Departure Map Traffic Minimum Clearance Altitude (feet) Level Flight Descending 700 500 350 300 150 100 100 100 Terrain Table 11-18 FLTA Alert Minimum Terrain and Obstacle Clearance Values Weather Nearest Services/ Music Utilities System Messages Symbols During final approach, FLTA alerts are automatically inhibited when the aircraft is below 200 feet AGL while within 0.5 NM of the approach runway or below 125 feet AGL while within 1.0 NM of the runway threshold. 11.6.3.4 Premature Descent Alerting A Premature Descent Alert (PDA) is issued when the system detects that the aircraft is significantly below the normal approach path to a runway. PDA alerting begins when the aircraft is within 15 NM of the destination airport and ends when the aircraft is either 0.5 NM from the runway threshold or is at an altitude of 125 feet AGL while within 1.0 NM of the threshold. During the final descent, algorithms set a threshold for alerting based on speed, distance, and other parameters. Appendix Index 11-52 190-01007-03-Final.indb 52 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 190-01007-03 Rev. J 7/9/2015 2:07:55 PM (EIGHT !BOVE 4ERRAIN &EET Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl 0$! !LERTING !REA Com/Nav 2UNWAY 4HRESHOLD FPL $ISTANCE &ROM $ESTINATION !IRPORT NM Direct-To Figure 11-34 PDA Alerting Threshold PDA and FLTA aural and visual alerts can be manually inhibited. Discretion should be used when inhibiting TAWS and the system should be enabled when appropriate. When TAWS is inhibited, the alert annunciation “TER INHB” is shown. Proc Charts Wpt Info 11.6.3.5 Inhibiting/Enabling TAWS-A PDA/FLTA Alerting TAWS-A also has an inhibit mode that deactivates the PDA/FLTA aural and visual alerts. Pilots should use discretion when inhibiting TAWS-A and always remember to enable the system when appropriate. Only the PDA and FLTA alerts are disabled in the inhibit mode. After cycling power, TAWS-A will no longer be inhibited. Map Traffic Terrain Weather Nearest Touch To Toggle TAWS Inhibit. TAWS Inhibited shown. Services/ Music Terrain (TAWS) Inhibited Annunciation Utilities Figure 11-35 TAWS-A Alerting Disabled (TAWS Inhibited) Annunciation System 1. While viewing the Terrain page, touch the Menu key. Messages 2. Touch the TAWS Inhibit key to inhibit or enable TAWS (choice is dependent on current state). A green bar in the key indicates the TAWS is inhibited. 190-01007-03 Rev. J 190-01007-03-Final.indb 53 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 11-53 Symbols Appendix Index 7/9/2015 2:07:55 PM Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL Direct-To 11.6.3.6 Excessive Closure Rate Alert The Excessive Closure Rate (ECR) alert provides suitable notification when the aircraft is determined to be closing upon terrain at an excessive speed for a given aircraft gear and flap configuration. The following figures show the ECR alerting criteria for flaps in the landing configuration and for all other flight phases respectively. ECR alerts are automatically inhibited when the aircraft is 5 NM from the nearest airport, except when FLTA is not available (causing the TAWS N/A or TAWS FAIL annunciation to be displayed), in which case ECR alerting will remain active until landing. Proc Wpt Info Map Traffic Terrain Height Above Terrain (Feet) Charts Weather Nearest Services/ Music Closure Rate (FPM) Figure 11-36 Excessive Closure Rate Alert Criteria (Flaps Up or Takeoff Configuration) Utilities System Messages Symbols Appendix Index 11-54 190-01007-03-Final.indb 54 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 190-01007-03 Rev. J 7/9/2015 2:07:56 PM Foreword Height Above Terrain (Feet) Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL Direct-To Proc Closure Rate (FPM) Charts Figure 11-37 Excessive Closure Rate Alert Criteria (Flaps in Landing Configuration) Wpt Info Map Traffic Terrain Weather Nearest Services/ Music Utilities System Messages Symbols Appendix 190-01007-03 Rev. J 190-01007-03-Final.indb 55 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 11-55 Index 7/9/2015 2:07:57 PM Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl 11.6.3.7 Flight Into Terrain Alert Flight Into Terrain (FIT) alerts occur when the aircraft is too low with respect to terrain based on landing gear status, flap position, and groundspeed. FIT caution alerts are issued when flight conditions meet the criteria shown below. FPL Direct-To Proc Charts Wpt Info Height Above Terrain (Feet) Com/Nav Map Altitude Change Rate (FPM) Traffic * Flap position will not trigger alert if Flap Override option is enabled; see discussion below. Terrain Figure 11-38 Flight Into Terrain Caution Alert Criteria Weather Nearest To reduce nuisance FIT alerts on approaches where flap extension is not desired (or is intentionally delayed), the pilot may override FIT alerting based on the flap position, while all other FIT alerting remains in effect. Services/ Music Utilities Flap Override Selection System Messages Flap Override Annunciation Symbols Figure 11-39 TAWS-A Page Menu and FIT Flap Override Annunciation Appendix Index 11-56 190-01007-03-Final.indb 56 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 190-01007-03 Rev. J 7/9/2015 2:07:58 PM 11.6.3.7.1 Overriding Flaps-based FIT alerting 1. While viewing the TAWS-A Page, touch the MENU key. Foreword Getting Started 2. Touch the Flap Override key to toggle the override state. Audio & Xpdr Ctrl When the Flaps Override option is enabled, the annunciation “FLAP O/R” is annunciated on the TAWS-A Page. If GPWS alerts are also inhibited (which include FIT), the “FLAP O/R” annunciation is not shown. Com/Nav NOTE: The FLAP O/R (Flap Override) should be activated when an approach without flaps is going to be performed. Direct-To FIT alerts also occur during takeoff or go-around if the aircraft’s height above ground level (as determined by the radar altimeter) is too close to rising terrain. TAWS-A will issue the aural message “Too Low - Terrain” and visual annunciations when conditions enter the caution alert area. FPL Proc Charts Wpt Info Map Height Above Terrain (Feet) Traffic Terrain Weather Nearest “TOO LOW, TERRAIN” Services/ Music Utilities System Radio Altitude Loss (Feet) Messages Figure 11-40 FIT Alerting After Takeoff Symbols Appendix 190-01007-03 Rev. J 190-01007-03-Final.indb 57 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 11-57 Index 7/9/2015 2:07:59 PM Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL 11.6.3.8 Negative Climb Rate After Take-Off Alert (NCR) The Negative Climb Rate (NCR) After Take-Off alert (also referred to as “Altitude Loss After Take-Off”) provides alerts when the system determines the aircraft is losing altitude (closing upon terrain) after takeoff. The aural message “Don’t Sink” is given for NCR alerts, accompanied by an annunciation and a pop-up terrain alert on the display. NCR alerting is only active when departing from an airport and when the following conditions are met: • Height above the terrain is less than 700 feet • Distance from the departure airport is 2 NM or less Direct-To Proc • Heading change from the departure heading is less than 110º The NCR alerting parameters as defined by TSO-C151c are shown below. Height Above Terrain (Feet) Charts Wpt Info Map Traffic Terrain “DON’T SINK” or “TOO LOW, TERRAIN” Weather Nearest Altitude Loss (Feet) Services/ Music Figure 11-41 Negative Climb Rate (NCR) Altitude Loss Utilities System Messages Symbols Appendix Index 11-58 190-01007-03-Final.indb 58 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 190-01007-03 Rev. J 7/9/2015 2:07:59 PM Foreword Height Above Terrain (Feet) Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl “DON’T SINK” or “TOO LOW, TERRAIN” Com/Nav FPL Direct-To Proc Sink Rate (FPM) Charts Figure 11-42 Negative Climb Rate (NCR) Sink Rate Wpt Info 11.6.3.9 Excessive Below Glideslope/Glidepath Deviation Alert A Glideslope Deviation or Glidepath Deviation (GSD) caution alert is issued when the system detects that the aircraft is significantly below the glidepath for the selected approach. Map Traffic Terrain Weather Radio Altitude (Feet) Nearest Services/ Music “GLIDESLOPE” Utilities System Messages Number of Dots Below Glideslope/Glidepath (4 Dot CDI Example) Symbols Figure 11-43 Excessive Below Glideslope/Glidepath Deviation Alert Criteria Appendix 190-01007-03 Rev. J 190-01007-03-Final.indb 59 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 11-59 Index 7/9/2015 2:08:00 PM Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL GSD alerting is only active after departure and the following conditions are met: • An ILS, LPV, LNAV/VNAV, or LNAV+V approach is active and vertical navigation indications are being displayed. • Aircraft is below 1000 feet AGL. • Gear is configured for landing. When a GSD caution alert occurs, the aural and visual annunciation “GLIDESLOPE” is issued. If a GSD caution alert occurs on an LPV, LNAV/VNAV, or LNAV+V approach, the aural and visual annunciation “GLIDESLOPE” is issued. Direct-To 11.6.3.9.1 Inhibiting Glideslope Deviation (GSD) Alerts Proc NOTE: The Glideslope (G/S) Inhibit function should be activated when flying a localizer backcourse approach to prevents nuisance GSD alerts. GSD alerts are inhibited independent from all other FLTA, PDA, and GPWS alerts. Charts Wpt Info 1. While viewing the TAWS-A Page, touch the MENU key. Map 2. Touch the G/S Inhibit key to inhibit or enable glideslope or glidepath alerts (choice dependent on current state). Traffic Terrain NOTE: The G/S Inhibit function will only be active for a single approach and the inhibit function will not remain active for subsequent approaches. When G/S alerts are inhibited, they are only inhibited for a single approach. To inhibit G/S alerts on the next approach, the G/S Inhibit function must be activated again between the first and second approaches. Weather Nearest Services/ Music NOTE: Glideslope Deviation alerts will not be available if the G/S INHB function is activated. Utilities System Messages Symbols Appendix Index 11-60 190-01007-03-Final.indb 60 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 190-01007-03 Rev. J 7/9/2015 2:08:00 PM 11.6.3.10 Inhibiting GPWS Alerts (EDR, ECR, FIT, and NCR) Foreword NOTE: The "Inhibit GPWS" function only affects GPWS alerts (EDR, ECR, NCR, and FIT). Alerting for FLTA, PDA, and GSD is controlled independently from the GPWS alerts listed below. EDR, ECR, FIT, and NCR aural and visual alerts can be manually inhibited as a group. Discretion should be used when inhibiting alerts and the GPWS system should be enabled when appropriate. When these alerts are inhibited, the alert annunciation “GPWS INH” is shown on the TAWS-A Page annunciation window. 1. While viewing the TAWS-A Page, touch the MENU key. Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL Direct-To 2. Touch the GPWS Inhibit key to inhibit or enable GPWS alerts (choice dependent on current state). Proc Charts Wpt Info GPWS Inhibit Selection Map Traffic GPWS Inhibit Annunciation Terrain Figure 11-44 GPWS Inhibit Annunciation 11.6.4 Weather Altitude Voice Call Out (VCO) TAWS-A provides aural advisory alerts as the aircraft descends, beginning at 500 feet above the terrain, as determined by the radar altimeter (if greater than 5 NM from the nearest airport) or 500 feet above the nearest runway threshold elevation (if less than 5 NM from the nearest airport). Upon descent to this altitude, TAWS-A issues the aural alert message “Five-hundred”. Nearest Services/ Music Utilities System Messages Symbols Appendix 190-01007-03 Rev. J 190-01007-03-Final.indb 61 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 11-61 Index 7/9/2015 2:08:01 PM Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL Direct-To Proc Charts Wpt Info Map Traffic Terrain Weather Nearest Services/ Music Utilities System Messages 11.6.5 TAWS-A System Status During power-up, TAWS-A conducts a self-test of its aural and visual annunciations. The system test can also be manually initiated. An aural alert is issued at test completion. TAWS-A System Testing is disabled when ground speed exceeds 30 knots. 11.6.6 TAWS-A Abnormal Operations TAWS-A continually monitors several system-critical items such as database validity, flap and landing gear position, radar altimeter input, and GPS status. If the GTN does not contain Terrain, Airport Terrain, and Obstacle databases (or the databases are invalid), the aural message “TAWS System Failure” is generated along with the “TAWS FAIL” alert annunciation. TAWS-A requires a 3-D GPS navigation solution along with specific vertical accuracy minimums. Should the navigation solution become degraded or if the aircraft is out of the database coverage area, the annunciation “TAWS N/A” is generated in the annunciation window and on the TAWS-A page, the aural message “TAWS Not Available” is generated if airborne, some TAWS-A terrain alerts will not be issued, and GPWS alerting (which are not dependent on GPS position) will continue to operate. When the GPS signal is re-established and the aircraft is within the database coverage area, the aural message “TAWS Available” is generated. TAWS-A also requires radar altimeter input. Should the radar altimeter input fail or become degraded, the annunciation “GPWS FAIL” is generated in the annunciation window and on the TAWS-A Page. The aural message “GPWS System Failure” is also generated. The “GPWS FAIL” annunciation will also occur if both GPS altitude and barometric altitude are unavailable. If only the GPWS system has failed, GPWS-based alerts will not be available, while other TAWS-A alerting remains unaffected. Multiple TAWS or GPWS annunciations cannot be displayed at the same time. When multiple annunciations exist, an asterisk will be present next to the annunciation. The display of each annunciation will alternate with each being displayed for approximately five seconds. Symbols Appendix Index 11-62 190-01007-03-Final.indb 62 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 190-01007-03 Rev. J 7/9/2015 2:08:01 PM 12 WEATHER Foreword Weather data are displayed by the Weather function when an optional weather source is installed. The Wx Weather pages may be oriented to Track Up, Heading Up, or North Up. When more weather products are installed, a key for each product will be shown. Touch the key for the desired weather product. When a single weather product is installed, touching the Weather key will go directly to the Weather page. Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL Direct-To Touch To Use FIS-B Weather Touch To Use SiriusXM Weather Proc Touch To Use Connext Weather Touch To Use Stormscope Weather Touch To Use Weather Radar Charts Wpt Info Map Traffic Terrain Figure 12-1 Weather Product Selection Weather Nearest Services/ Music Utilities System Figure 12-2 Weather Page Functional Diagram NOTE: In data link weather, Temporary Flight Restrictions (TFRs) and Notices to Airmen (NOTAMs) that do not have geographical locations cannot be viewed on the GTN. Messages NOTE: Stormscope and XM Lightning are mutually exclusive. Appendix 190-01007-03 Rev. J 190-01007-03-Final.indb 1 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 12-1 Symbols Index 7/9/2015 2:08:01 PM WARNING: Do not use data link weather information for maneuvering in, near, or around areas of hazardous weather. Information contained within data link weather products may not accurately depict current weather conditions. Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl NOTE: Do not rely solely upon data link services to provide Temporary Flight Restriction (TFR) information. Always confirm TFR information through official sources such as Flight Service Stations or Air Traffic Control. Com/Nav FPL 12.1 SiriusXM Weather Products (Optional) Direct-To Proc Charts NEXRAD Wpt Info Off US Canada WX Forecast Map Current 12 Hour 24 Hour 36 Hour 48 Hour Traffic Lightning Echo Tops Cloud Tops METAR Cell Movement AIREP/PIREP County Warnings Winds Aloft Terrain Weather Nearest Services/ Music Surface SIGMET/AIRMET Freezing Level Icing Turbulence Cyclone Orientation Utilities System Messages Track Up Symbols Heading Up North Up Legend Appendix Index 3000 ft ... 45,000 ft Figure 12-3 SiriusXM Weather Functional Diagram 12-2 190-01007-03-Final.indb 2 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 190-01007-03 Rev. J 7/9/2015 2:08:01 PM 12.1.1 Displaying SiriusXM Weather Foreword To display SiriusXM Weather touch the Weather key on the Home page. 1. Touch the Weather key on the Home page and then touch the SiriusXM key. NEXRAD Weather Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav Age Of Selected Weather Products FPL Weather Product Legends Direct-To Proc Charts Out Of Coverage Area Selected Altitude Touch + or - To Select Altitude Wpt Info Map Figure 12-4 SiriusXM Weather Page 2. While viewing the Data Link weather page, touch the Menu key to configure the Data Link Weather page. Touch NEXRAD Key To Select Off, US, or Canada NEXRAD Touch Keys To Select Weather Product. Green Bar Indicates Selected Product. Traffic Terrain Weather Nearest Services/ Music Touch Legend Key To Display Legend Weather Overlay Map Orientation Utilities System Figure 12-5 SiriusXM Weather Menu Messages 3. Once you selected what items you want to display, touch BACK to return to the Data Link Weather page. Symbols Appendix 190-01007-03 Rev. J 190-01007-03-Final.indb 3 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 12-3 Index 7/9/2015 2:08:02 PM Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl 12.1.2 Weather Legend The Legend key displays a pop-up legend of the currently displayed weather products. 1. While viewing the Data Link Weather menu, touch the Legend key. Com/Nav FPL Legend Of Selected Weather Products Direct-To Proc Charts Wpt Info Map Touch Legend And Slide Finger Up And Down To Scroll Legend Traffic Terrain Weather Nearest Figure 12-6 Weather Legend Display Services/ Music 2. Touch the Legend area of the display and while maintaining light pressure against the display, drag your finger up or down to scroll through the legend display for the selected weather products, or use the Up/Down keys. Utilities System 3. Touch the Legend key again to remove the Legend. Messages Symbols Appendix Index 12-4 190-01007-03-Final.indb 4 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 190-01007-03 Rev. J 7/9/2015 2:08:02 PM Cloud Tops Surface-Fronts Freezing Levels METAR Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav City Forecast SIGMET/AIRMET NEXRAD Echo Tops FPL Direct-To Proc Charts Wpt Info Map Icing Potential Winds Aloft County Warnings Turbulence Traffic Terrain Weather Cell Movement Cyclone AIREPS PIREPS Lightning Nearest Services/ Music TFR Utilities System Figure 12-7 Available Weather Legends 12.1.3 Weather Map Orientation Messages 1. While viewing the Weather Data Link function, touch the Menu key. Symbols 2. Touch the Orientation key to toggle the map view orientation choices of North Up, Track Up, and Heading Up. 190-01007-03 Rev. J 190-01007-03-Final.indb 5 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 12-5 Appendix Index 7/9/2015 2:08:03 PM Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL Direct-To Proc Charts Wpt Info 12.1.4 SiriusXM Weather Symbols and Product Age When a weather product is active on the Map function or the Weather Data Link function is selected, the age of the data is displayed on the screen. The age of the data may not indicate the time between the current GPS time and the time when the data is assembled, but rather a general indication of the time elapsed from when the data is received by the GTN. Updated weather data may or may not contain new weather data. Weather data is refreshed at intervals that are defined and controlled by SiriusXM Satellite Radio and its data vendors. If for any reason, a weather product is not refreshed within the designated intervals, the data is considered expired and is removed from the display. This ensures that the displayed data is consistent with what is currently being broadcast by SiriusXM Satellite Radio services. If more than half of the designated time has elapsed from the time the data is received, the color of the product age displayed changes to yellow. WARNING: Do not use the indicated data link weather product age to determine the age of the weather information shown by the data link weather product. Due to time delays inherent in gathering and processing weather data for data link transmission, the weather information shown by the data link weather product may be significantly older than the indicated weather product age. Map Traffic Terrain The following table contains the expiration time and XM broadcast interval. Weather Nearest Services/ Music Utilities System Messages The expiration time is an elapsed time after which the data is considered expired and is removed from the display. This ensures that the displayed data is consistent with what is currently being broadcast by SiriusXM Satellite Radio services. If more than half of the expiration time has elapsed from the time the data is received, the color of the product age displayed changes to yellow. The SiriusXM Weather broadcast interval is the time interval when SiriusXM Satellite Radio broadcasts new signals that may or may not contain new weather data. Weather data is broadcast at intervals that are defined and controlled by SiriusXM Satellite Radio. NOTE: SiriusXM Weather does not provide a timestamp for AIRMETs, SIGMETs, City Forecasts, County Warnings, Cell Movement and TFR products. Therefore, the unit does not display a product age indication for these products. Symbols Appendix Index 12-6 190-01007-03-Final.indb 6 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 190-01007-03 Rev. J 7/9/2015 2:08:03 PM NOTE: The unit displays valid times on the weather map in lieu of product age indications for SiriusXM Weather Icing Potential, Winds Aloft, and Turbulence weather products. NOTE: The unit displays product age for SiriusXM Weather Freezing Level and Canada Winds Aloft weather products. The product age indication represents the number of minutes that have elapsed since the weather product was created by SiriusXM Weather. The unit does not display the valid times assigned to the information within these products. Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL Weather Product Expiration Time (Minutes) Broadcast Rate (Minutes) 30 5 (U.S.) 10 (Canada) 7.5 NEXRAD (NEXRAD and Echo Top are Mutually Exclusive) Echo Top (Cloud Top and Echo Top Mutually Exclusive) (NEXRAD and Echo Top Mutually Exclusive) Cloud Top (Cloud Top and Echo Top Mutually Exclusive) SiriusXM Lightning Cell Movement SIGMETs / AIRMETs METARs WX Forecast Freezing Levels Winds Aloft City Forecast County Warnings Cyclone Warnings Icing Potential (Icing) 60 15 30 30 60 90 60 120 90 90 60 60 90 1.25 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 22 (SLD) Pilot Weather Report (PIREP) 90 12 30 190-01007-03-Final.indb 7 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide Proc Charts Wpt Info Map Traffic Terrain Weather Nearest Services/ Music Utilities System Messages Symbols (Blue - Regular, Yellow - Urgent) 190-01007-03 Rev. J Direct-To Appendix 12-7 Index 7/9/2015 2:08:03 PM Weather Product Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL Expiration Time (Minutes) Broadcast Rate (Minutes) 90 180 30 60 60 12 12 12 12 Air Report (AIREP) Turbulence Radar Coverage Temporary Flight Restriction (TFR) Terminal Aerodrome Forecast (TAF) Table 12-1 SiriusXM Weather Products and Data Timing Direct-To Proc Symbol Description Flood Charts Severe Thunderstorm Wpt Info Map Tornado Traffic Sunny Part Sun Terrain Cloudy Weather Rainy Nearest T-Storm Services/ Music Snow Utilities Windy Foggy System Haze Messages High/Low Temp Symbols Table 12-2 Weather Symbols Appendix Index 12-8 190-01007-03-Final.indb 8 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 190-01007-03 Rev. J 7/9/2015 2:08:03 PM 12.1.5 NEXRAD WSR-88D, or NEXRAD (NEXt-generation RADar), is a network of 158 highresolution Doppler radar systems that are operated by the National Weather Service (NWS). NEXRAD data provides centralized meteorological information for the continental United States and selected overseas locations. The maximum range of a single NEXRAD radar site is 250 NM. The NEXRAD network provides important information about severe weather for air traffic safety. NEXRAD data is not real-time. The lapsed time between collection, processing, and dissemination of NEXRAD images can be significant and may not reflect the current radar synopsis. Due to the inherent delays and the relative age of the data, it should be used for long-range planning purposes only. Never use NEXRAD data for maneuvering in, near, or around areas of hazardous weather. Instead, use it in an early-warning capacity of pre-departure and en route evaluation. Composite data from all the NEXRAD radar sites in the United States is shown. This data is composed of the maximum reflectivity from the individual radar sweeps. The display of the information is color-coded to indicate the weather severity level. NOTE: Due to similarities in color schemes, the display of Echo Tops cannot be shown with Cloud Tops and NEXRAD. Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL Direct-To Proc Charts Wpt Info Map Traffic Terrain 1. While viewing the SiriusXM Weather menu, touch the NEXRAD key to display the NEXRAD selections. Weather Nearest Services/ Music Utilities System Messages Figure 12-8 SiriusXM NEXRAD Weather Selection Symbols Appendix 190-01007-03 Rev. J 190-01007-03-Final.indb 9 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 12-9 Index 7/9/2015 2:08:03 PM 2. Touch the desired NEXRAD source selection and then the Back key to view the weather information. Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl NEXRAD Source Age Of Selected Weather Products Com/Nav NEXRAD Weather Present Position FPL Direct-To Proc Charts Figure 12-9 SiriusXM NEXRAD Weather Wpt Info Map Traffic Terrain Weather Nearest Services/ Music Figure 12-10 NEXRAD Weather Legend Utilities System Messages Symbols Appendix Index 12.1.5.1 Reflectivity Reflectivity is the amount of transmitted power returned to the radar receiver. Colors on the NEXRAD display directly correlate to the level of detected reflectivity. Reflectivity as it relates to hazardous weather can be very complex. The role of radar is essentially to detect moisture in the atmosphere. Simply put, certain types of weather reflect radar better than others. The intensity of a 12-10 190-01007-03-Final.indb 10 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 190-01007-03 Rev. J 7/9/2015 2:08:04 PM radar reflection is not necessarily an indication of the weather hazard level. For instance, wet hail returns a strong radar reflection, while dry hail does not. Both wet and dry hail can be extremely hazardous. The different NEXRAD echo intensities are measured in decibels (dB) relative to reflectivity (Z). NEXRAD measures the radar reflectivity ratio, or the energy reflected back to the radar receiver (designated by the letter Z). The value of Z increases as the returned signal strength increases. 12.1.5.2 NEXRAD Limitations Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL NEXRAD radar images may have certain limitations: Direct-To • NEXRAD base reflectivity does not provide sufficient information to determine cloud layers or precipitation characteristics. For example, it is not possible to distinguish between wet snow, wet hail, and rain. • NEXRAD base reflectivity is sampled at the minimum antenna elevation angle. An individual NEXRAD site cannot depict high altitude storms at close ranges. It has no information about storms directly over the site. • In the Cell Movement function, “Base” height is actually the height of maximum radar reflection and that the “Base” and “Top” heights are based on radar height and not MSL or AGL. • Each square block on the display represents an area of four square kilometers (2.15 NM). The intensity level reflected by each square represents the highest level of NEXRAD data sampled within the area. Proc Charts Wpt Info Map Traffic Terrain Weather Nearest Services/ Music Block Area Is 4 km2 (2.15 NM2) Utilities System Block Area Is 4 km2 (2.15 NM2) Messages Symbols Figure 12-11 NEXRAD Data Blocks Appendix 190-01007-03 Rev. J 190-01007-03-Final.indb 11 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 12-11 Index 7/9/2015 2:08:04 PM Foreword The following may cause abnormalities in displayed NEXRAD radar images: • Ground clutter Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl • Strobes and spurious radar data • Sun strobes (when the radar antenna points directly at the sun) • Interference from buildings or mountains, which may cause shadows Com/Nav FPL • Metallic dust from military aircraft, which can cause alterations in radar scans NEXRAD Limitations (Canada) Direct-To Proc • Radar coverage extends to 55ºN. • Any precipitation displayed between 52ºN and 55ºN is displayed as mixed because it is unknown. Charts Wpt Info Precipitation Above 52°N Map Traffic Out Of Coverage Area Terrain Figure 12-12 NEXRAD Data - Canada Weather Nearest 12.1.5.3 NOTE: Animated NEXRAD functionality is available in software version 6.00 and later. Services/ Music Utilities System Messages Symbols Animating NEXRAD When US or Canada NEXRAD is enabled for display and more than two NEXRAD images have been received by the GTN, the NEXRAD display can be animated on the SiriusXM Weather page. As new NEXRAD images are received, the GTN will automatically store them for future animation. The GTN can animate up to six NEXRAD images from oldest to newest, showing each for one second and the newest for two seconds. Appendix Index 12-12 190-01007-03-Final.indb 12 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 190-01007-03 Rev. J 7/9/2015 2:08:04 PM Touch To Start NEXRAD Animation Foreword Product Age Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL Direct-To Proc Figure 12-13 Start NEXRAD Animation 1. While viewing the SiriusXM Weather page with NEXRAD enabled for display, touch the NXRD key to start the NEXRAD animation. NOTE: Weather Forecast, Cloud Tops, and Cell Movement will automatically be turned off while NEXRAD is animating. 2. Touch the NXRD key to stop the NEXRAD animation. The animation will also stop when leaving the page or turning off NEXRAD on the SiriusXM weather page. Touch To Stop NEXRAD Animation Charts Wpt Info Map Traffic Terrain Weather Nearest Services/ Music Utilities System Messages Figure 12-14 Start NEXRAD Animation Symbols Appendix 190-01007-03 Rev. J 190-01007-03-Final.indb 13 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 12-13 Index 7/9/2015 2:08:04 PM Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl 12.1.6 Echo Tops Echo Tops data shows the location, elevation, and direction of the highest radar echo. The highest radar echo does not indicate the top of a storm or clouds; rather it indicates the highest altitude at which precipitation is detected. This information is determined from NEXRAD data. NOTE: Due to similarities in color schemes, the display of Echo Tops cannot be shown with Cloud Tops and NEXRAD. Com/Nav 1. While viewing the Data Link Weather menu, touch the Echo Tops key. FPL Direct-To Product Age Proc Charts Present Position Wpt Info Echo Tops Map Traffic Terrain Figure 12-15 Echo Tops Weather 2. Touch the Echo Tops key again to turn it off. Nearest Services/ Music Utilities System Messages Symbols Figure 12-16 Echo Tops Legend Appendix Index 12-14 190-01007-03-Final.indb 14 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 190-01007-03 Rev. J 7/9/2015 2:08:04 PM 12.1.7 Cloud Tops Foreword NOTE: Due to similarities in color schemes, it is not possible to display Echo Tops and Cloud Tops at the same time. Cloud tops data depicts cloud top altitudes as determined from satellite imagery. Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav 1. While viewing the Data Link Weather menu, touch the Cloud Tops key. Product Age FPL Direct-To Proc Cloud Tops Charts Present Position Wpt Info Map Traffic Terrain Figure 12-17 Cloud Tops Weather 2. Touch the Cloud Tops key again to turn it off. Nearest Services/ Music Utilities System Messages Symbols Figure 12-18 Cloud Tops Legend 190-01007-03 Rev. J 190-01007-03-Final.indb 15 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide Appendix 12-15 Index 7/9/2015 2:08:05 PM Foreword Getting Started 12.1.8 Cell Movement Cell Movement data shows the location and movement of storm cells as identified by a ground-based system. Cells are represented by yellow squares, with direction of movement indicated with short, orange arrows. Audio & Xpdr Ctrl NOTE: In the Cell Movement function, “Base” height is actually the height Com/Nav of maximum radar reflection and that the “Base” and “Top” heights are based on radar height and not MSL or AGL. 1. While viewing the Data Link Weather menu, touch the Cell Movement key. FPL Direct-To Product Age Proc Cell Movement (Position And Direction Of Movement) Charts Present Position Wpt Info Map Traffic Terrain Figure 12-19 Cell Movement Weather 2. Touch a Cell Movement icon to view cell details. Nearest Services/ Music Utilities Top Height Reported as Maximum Altitude of Reflected Precip. Base Height Reported as Altitude of Maximum Reflectivity System Cell Speed and Direction Figure 12-20 Cell Movement Detail 3. In the Menu, Touch the Cell Movement key again to turn it off. Messages Symbols Appendix Index Figure 12-21 Cell Movement Legend 12-16 190-01007-03-Final.indb 16 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 190-01007-03 Rev. J 7/9/2015 2:08:05 PM 12.1.9 SIGMETs and AIRMETs Foreword SIGMETs (SIGnificant METerological Information) and AIRMETs (AIRmen's METerological Information) are broadcast for potentially hazardous weather considered of importance to aircraft. 1. While viewing the Data Link Weather menu, touch the SIGMET/AIRMET key. IFR Line Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL SIGMET Line Turbulence Line Direct-To Proc Present Position Charts Wpt Info Map Traffic Figure 12-22 SIGMETs and AIRMETs 2. Touch the SIGMET/AIRMET key again to turn it off. Terrain Weather Nearest Services/ Music Utilities System Messages Figure 12-23 SIGMET/AIRMET Legend Symbols Appendix 190-01007-03 Rev. J 190-01007-03-Final.indb 17 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 12-17 Index 7/9/2015 2:08:05 PM Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl 12.1.10 County Warnings County Warnings data provides specific public awareness and protection weather warnings from the National Weather Service. This can include information on fires, tornadoes, severe thunderstorms, flood conditions, and other natural disasters. 1. While viewing the Data Link Weather menu, touch the County Warnings key. Touch the County Warnings symbol for detailed information. Com/Nav FPL Direct-To Proc County Warning Detail Charts County Warning Symbol - Touch To Display Detail Wpt Info Map Traffic Terrain Figure 12-24 County Warnings Data 2. Touch the County Warnings key again to turn it off. Weather Nearest Services/ Music Utilities System Figure 12-25 County Warnings Legend Messages Symbols Appendix Index 12-18 190-01007-03-Final.indb 18 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 190-01007-03 Rev. J 7/9/2015 2:08:05 PM 12.1.11 Freezing Level Foreword Freezing Level data shows the color-coded contour lines for the altitude and location at which the Freezing Level is found. When no data is displayed for a given altitude, the data for that altitude has not been received, or is out of date and has been removed from the display. New data appears on the next update. 1. While viewing the Data Link Weather menu, touch the Freezing Level key. Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL Product Age Direct-To Freezing Level Line Proc Freezing Level Line Present Position Charts Wpt Info Map Traffic Figure 12-26 Freezing Level Terrain 2. Touch the Freezing Level key again to turn it off. Weather Nearest Services/ Music Utilities System Messages Figure 12-27 Freezing Level Legend Symbols Appendix 190-01007-03 Rev. J 190-01007-03-Final.indb 19 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 12-19 Index 7/9/2015 2:08:06 PM Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL 12.1.12 METARs METAR (METeorological Aerodrome Report), known as an Aviation Routine Weather Report, is the standard format for current weather observations. METARs are updated hourly and are considered current. METARs typically contain information about the temperature, dew point, wind, precipitation, cloud cover, cloud heights, visibility, and barometric pressure. They can also contain information on precipitation amounts, lightning, and other critical data. METARs are shown as colored flags at airports that provide them. 1. While viewing the Data Link Weather menu, touch the METAR key. Touch an airport symbol for more METAR detail. Direct-To Product Age Proc METAR Detail Charts Wpt Info METAR Flags Touch Airport For METAR Detail Map Traffic Terrain Figure 12-28 METARs Weather 2. Touch the METAR key in the Menu again to turn it off. Nearest METAR Symbol Services/ Music VFR (ceiling greater than 3000 ft. AGL and visibility greater than five miles) Marginal VFR (ceiling 1000–3000 ft. AGL and/or visibility three to five miles) IFR (ceiling 500 to below 1000 ft. AGL and/or visibility one mile to less than three miles) Low IFR (ceiling below 500 ft. AGL or visibility less than one mile) Unknown Utilities System Messages Symbols Appendix Index Description Table 12-3 METAR Symbols 12-20 190-01007-03-Final.indb 20 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 190-01007-03 Rev. J 7/9/2015 2:08:06 PM 12.1.13 Cyclone Foreword The current location of the cyclone is shown along with its projected path with the date and time. 1. While viewing the Data Link Weather menu, touch the Cyclone key. Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL Direct-To Proc Projected Path With Date And Time Charts Current Position Of Cyclone Wpt Info Map Figure 12-29 Cyclone Traffic 2. Touch the Cyclone key again to turn it off. Terrain Weather Nearest Figure 12-30 Cyclone Legend Services/ Music Utilities System Messages Symbols Appendix 190-01007-03 Rev. J 190-01007-03-Final.indb 21 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 12-21 Index 7/9/2015 2:08:06 PM Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl 12.1.14 Lightning Lightning data shows the approximate location of cloud-to-ground lightning strikes. A yellow cross icon represents a strike that has occurred within a 2 kilometer (approx. 1 NM) region. The exact location of the lightning is not displayed. 1. While viewing the Data Link Weather menu, touch the Lightning key. Com/Nav FPL Product Age Direct-To Lightning Strikes Proc Present Position Charts Wpt Info Map Traffic Figure 12-31 Lightning Terrain 2. Touch the Lightning key again to turn it off. Weather Nearest Services/ Music Figure 12-32 Lightning Legend Utilities System Messages Symbols Appendix Index 12-22 190-01007-03-Final.indb 22 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 190-01007-03 Rev. J 7/9/2015 2:08:07 PM 12.1.15 Weather Forecast The Weather Forecast data provides Surface Analysis and City Forecast information for current and forecast weather conditions. The Surface Analysis forecast shows frontal lines indicating weather fronts and the direction they are moving. High and Low pressure centers are noted with a large H or L. A Cold Front is a front where cold air replaces warm air. A blue line with blue triangles will point in the direction of cold air flow. A Warm Front is where warm air replaces cold air. A red line with red half moons will point in the direction of the warm air flow. 1. While viewing the Data Link Weather menu, touch the WX Forecast key. Touch a Wx Forecast symbol for more detail. Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL Direct-To Proc Wx Forecast Symbol Charts Wpt Info Wx Forecast Detail Map Weather Front Surface Analysis Traffic Terrain Weather Figure 12-33 Surface 2. Touch the desired time increment for the forecast period. Nearest Services/ Music Utilities System Messages Symbols Figure 12-34 Select Surface Forecast Time Period Appendix 190-01007-03 Rev. J 190-01007-03-Final.indb 23 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 12-23 Index 7/9/2015 2:08:07 PM Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL Direct-To Proc Charts Wpt Info City Forecast Fronts Figure 12-35 Surface Legends Map Traffic Terrain Weather Nearest Services/ Music Utilities System Messages Symbols Appendix Index 12-24 190-01007-03-Final.indb 24 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 190-01007-03 Rev. J 7/9/2015 2:08:07 PM 12.1.16 Winds Aloft Foreword Winds Aloft data shows the forecast wind speed and direction at the surface and at selected altitudes. Altitudes can be selected in 3000 foot increments from the surface up to 45,000 feet. 1. While viewing the Data Link Weather menu, touch the Winds Aloft key. Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL Direct-To Proc Wind Symbols Charts Wpt Info Selected Wind Altitude Map Touch To Select Wind Altitude Traffic Figure 12-36 Winds Aloft 2. Touch the WX Aloft ALT – or + keys to increase or decrease the reporting altitude of the winds aloft in 3,000 foot increments. The selected altitude is shown in a window above the altitude keys. 3. Touch the Winds Aloft key again to turn it off. Terrain Weather Nearest Services/ Music Utilities System Messages Symbols Figure 12-37 Winds Aloft Legend Appendix 190-01007-03 Rev. J 190-01007-03-Final.indb 25 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 12-25 Index 7/9/2015 2:08:07 PM Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL 12.1.17 Icing The Icing product shows a graphic view of the current icing environment in four categories: light, moderate, severe, and extreme (not specific to aircraft type). The Icing product is not a forecast, but a presentation of the current conditions at the time of the analysis. Supercooled Large Droplet (SLD) icing conditions are characterized by the presence of relatively large, super cooled water droplets indicative of freezing drizzle and freezing rain aloft. SLD threat areas are depicted as black and red blocks over the Icing colors. Icing and SLD data are shown between 1,000 feet and 30,000 feet in 3,000 foot increments. 1. While viewing the Data Link Weather menu, touch the Icing key. Direct-To Proc SLD Threat Charts Icing Potential Shading Wpt Info Present Position Map Traffic Selected Icing Altitude Terrain Touch To Select Icing Altitude Weather Figure 12-38 Icing and SLD 2. Touch the WX Aloft ALT – or + keys to increase or decrease the reporting altitude of icing in 3,000 foot increments. The selected altitude is shown in a window above the altitude keys. 3. Touch the Icing key again to turn it off. Nearest Services/ Music Utilities System Messages Symbols Appendix Index Figure 12-39 Icing Legend 12-26 190-01007-03-Final.indb 26 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 190-01007-03 Rev. J 7/9/2015 2:08:07 PM 12.1.18 Turbulence Foreword Turbulence data identifies the potential for erratic movement of high-altitude air mass associated winds. Turbulence is classified as light, moderate, severe or extreme, at altitudes between 21,000 and 45,000 feet. Turbulence data is intended to supplement AIRMETs and SIGMETs. 1. While viewing the Weather Data Link menu, touch the Turbulence key. Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL Direct-To Turbulence Shading Proc Charts Wpt Info Map Selected Turbulence Altitude Traffic Figure 12-40 Turbulence Terrain 2. Touch the WX Aloft ALT – or + keys to increase or decrease the reporting altitude for turbulence in 3,000 foot increments. The selected altitude is shown in a window above the altitude keys. 3. Touch the Turbulence key again to turn it off. Weather Nearest Services/ Music Utilities System Messages Symbols Figure 12-41 Turbulence Legend Appendix 190-01007-03 Rev. J 190-01007-03-Final.indb 27 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 12-27 Index 7/9/2015 2:08:08 PM Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav 12.1.19 AIREP/PIREP Pilot Weather Reports (PIREPs) provide timely weather information for a particular route of flight. When significant weather conditions are reported or forecast, Air Traffic Control (ATC) facilities are required to solicit PIREPs. A PIREP may contain non-forecast adverse weather conditions, such as low inflight visibility, icing conditions, wind shear, and turbulence. PIREPs are issued as either Routine (UA) or Urgent (UUA). 1. While viewing the Data Link Weather menu, touch the AIREP/ PREP key. FPL Direct-To Proc Charts Urgent PIREP Symbol (Yellow). Touch For Details. AIREP Symbol (Green). Touch For Details. Wpt Info Routine PIREP Symbol (Blue). Touch For Details. Map Traffic Figure 12-42 Weather Display With AIREP/PIREP Information Active Terrain 2. Touch a weather information symbol to view details for that item. Weather Nearest Services/ Music AIREP Details Utilities System Messages Touch An AIREP/PIREP Symbol For Detail Symbols Appendix Index Figure 12-43 AIREP/PIREP Information Detail 12-28 190-01007-03-Final.indb 28 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 190-01007-03 Rev. J 7/9/2015 2:08:08 PM 3. Touch the Back key to remove the detailed information. Foreword 4. Touch the AIREP/PREP key again to turn it off. Getting Started 12.2 StormScope® Weather Audio & Xpdr Ctrl 12.2.1 StormScope® (Optional) Com/Nav NOTE: Refer to the WX-500 Pilot’s Guide for a detailed description of the WX-500 StormScope. The WX-500 StormScope Weather Mapping Sensor is a passive weather avoidance system that detects electrical discharges associated with thunderstorms within a 200 NM radius of the aircraft. The StormScope measures relative bearing and distance of thunderstorm-related electrical activity and reports the information to the display. Interfaces are currently only available for the WX500 StormScope System. For lightning display interpretation, study the examples in the WX-500 Pilot's Guide that are designed to help you relate the cell or strike patterns shown on the display to the size and location of thunderstorms that may be near your aircraft. Symbol Time Since Strike (Seconds) FPL Direct-To Proc Charts Wpt Info Map Traffic Terrain Weather 60 Nearest Services/ Music 120 Utilities 180 System Table 12-4 Stormscope Symbols 1. From the Home page, touch the Weather key (and then the StormScope key if present) to reach the StormScope function. Messages Symbols Appendix 190-01007-03 Rev. J 190-01007-03-Final.indb 29 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 12-29 Index 7/9/2015 2:08:08 PM Orientation Annunciation. HDG N/A - Heading Is Not Available. Foreword Getting Started Range Ring Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Lightning Strikes Com/Nav FPL Direct-To Lightning Display Mode (Cell or Strike) Touch To Clear Lightning Strikes Proc Lightning Strike Rate Figure 12-44 StormScope Display (360º Display View Shown) 2. Touch the Menu key to setup the StormScope display. Charts Wpt Info Map Lightning Display Mode - Strike Selected Arc View Selected Traffic Figure 12-45 StormScope Menu Terrain 3. Touch the 360° or Arc to select the display view. Weather Nearest Services/ Music Utilities System View Messages 360 Arc Cell Strike Mode Symbols Appendix Index Figure 12-46 StormScope Functional Diagram 12-30 190-01007-03-Final.indb 30 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 190-01007-03 Rev. J 7/9/2015 2:08:08 PM 12.2.2 Clearing the StormScope® Page Foreword Routinely clearing the StormScope Page of all discharge points is a good way to determine if a storm is building or dissipating. In a building storm discharge points reappear faster and in larger numbers. In a dissipating storm discharge points appear slower and in smaller numbers. Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl 1. While viewing the Weather StormScope page, touch the Clear Strikes key to clear lightning strikes. Com/Nav 2. Lightning strikes will be cleared from the display and the Rate value will be reset. FPL Direct-To NOTE: When Heading is not available (N/A), the pilot must clear the strikes after each turn. 12.2.3 Changing the StormScope® Display View Proc Charts The Lightning Page displays either a 360° or a 120° viewing angle. 1. While viewing the Weather StormScope page, touch MENU. Wpt Info Map 2. Touch the 360° or Arc to select the display view. Traffic Terrain Weather Nearest Services/ Music Utilities System Figure 12-47 StormScope 360º and Arc Display Views 12.2.4 Messages Changing the Storm Data Display Range Symbols Storm data can be displayed on the Map page 2000 NM zoom scale, but the data only goes out as far as the StormScope can report (200 NM). The 190-01007-03 Rev. J 190-01007-03-Final.indb 31 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 12-31 Appendix Index 7/9/2015 2:08:09 PM Foreword Getting Started 500 NM zoom scale will display all lightning data. Scales greater than 500 NM do not display any additional StormScope data. While viewing the StormScope page touch the In and Out keys to display a larger or smaller area. Audio & Xpdr Ctrl NOTE: Cell mode uses a clustering program to identify clusters of electrical activity that indicate cells. Cell mode is most useful during periods of heavy storm activity. Displaying cell data during these periods frees the user from sifting through a screen full of discharge points and helps to better determine where the storm cells are located. Com/Nav FPL Direct-To 12.2.5 Proc Charts Wpt Info Displaying StormScope® Data on the Map Page The Map Page displays cell or strike information using yellow lightning strike symbology overlaid on a moving map. This added capability improves situational awareness, which in turn makes it much easier for the pilot to relate storm activity to airports, NAVAIDs, obstacles and other ground references. 1. On the Home page, touch the Map key. Map Traffic 2. Touch the Menu key. Terrain 3. Touch the StormScope key to enable StormScope lightning display on the Map page. Repeated touches toggle between Off, Cell, and Strike. Weather Nearest Services/ Music NOTE: The selected lightning display type, cell or strike, will be shown the same on both the StormScope and the Map pages. Utilities NOTE: StormScope data is displayed on the Map Page only if aircraft heading is available. System Messages NOTE: The GTN will display StormScope data with or without a heading source. If no heading source is available, the display will indicate this by placing “HDG N/A” in the upper right portion of the display. If no heading is available, the pilot must clear the strikes after each heading change. Symbols Appendix Index 12-32 190-01007-03-Final.indb 32 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 190-01007-03 Rev. J 7/9/2015 2:08:09 PM 12.3 Weather Radar Foreword The GTN 7XX can display weather radar from a Garmin GWX system or from selected 3rd party radars. Only one weather radar system may be interfaced to the system. For detailed information on the operation of 3rd party radars, refer to their specific documentation. Audio & Xpdr Ctrl 12.3.1 Com/Nav Garmin GWX Radar Description The Garmin GWX 68 and GWX 70 Airborne Color Weather Radars combine excellent range and adjustable scanning profiles with a high-definition target display. To focus radar scanning on specific areas, Sector Scanning offers pilotadjustable horizontal scan angles of 20º, 40º, 60º, or 90º (up to 120º with the GWX 70). A vertical scanning function helps to analyze storm tops, gradients, and cell buildup activity at various altitudes. See the documentation of each radar for specific features. 12.3.1.1 Radar detection is a two-way process that requires 12.36 micro-seconds for the transmitted microwave pulses to travel out and back for each nautical mile of target range. It takes 123.6 micro-seconds for a transmitted pulse to make the round trip if a target is 10 NM away. The GWX weather radar should be used to avoid severe weather, not for penetrating severe weather. The decision to fly into an area of radar targets depends on target intensity, spacing between the targets, aircraft capabilities and pilot experience. Pulse type weather radar detects only precipitation, not clouds or turbulence. The display may indicate clear areas between intense returns, but this does not necessarily mean it is safe to fly between them. Only Doppler radar can detect turbulence. 190-01007-03-Final.indb 33 Direct-To Proc Charts Map The term RADAR is an acronym for RAdio Detecting and Ranging. Pulsed radar locates targets by transmitting a microwave pulse beam that, upon encountering a target, is then reflected back to the radar receiver as a return “echo.” The microwave pulses are focused and radiated by the antenna, with the most intense energy in the center of the beam and decreasing intensity near the edge. The same antenna is used for both transmitting and receiving. The returned signal is then processed and displayed on the GTN 7XX. Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide FPL Wpt Info Principles of Pulsed Airborne Weather Radar 190-01007-03 Rev. J Getting Started 12-33 Traffic Terrain Weather Nearest Services/ Music Utilities System Messages Symbols Appendix Index 7/9/2015 2:08:09 PM Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL Airborne weather radar has other capabilities beyond weather detection. It also has the ability to detect and provide distance to objects on the ground, such as, cities, mountains, coastlines, rivers, lakes, and oceans. 12.3.1.2 Antenna Beam Illumination It is important to understand the concept of the antenna beam illumination. The radar beam is much like the beam of a spotlight. The farther the beam travels, the wider it gets. The radar is only capable of “seeing” what is inside the boundaries of the beam. Direct-To Proc Charts Wpt Info Map Traffic Terrain Weather Nearest Figure 12-48 Radar Beam from 12 inch Antenna The vertical dimensions of the radar beam are shown in the figure above and the same holds true for the horizontal dimensions. In other words, the beam will be as wide as it is tall. Note that it is possible not to see areas of precipitation on the radar display because of the antenna tilt setting. With the antenna tilt set to zero in this illustration, the beam overshoots the precipitation at 15 NM. The curvature of the earth can also be a factor, especially at range settings of 150 NM or more. Services/ Music Utilities NM System Messages Figure 12-49 Radar Beam in Relation to the Curvature of the Earth Symbols Appendix Index 12-34 190-01007-03-Final.indb 34 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 190-01007-03 Rev. J 7/9/2015 2:08:10 PM 12.3.1.3 Radar Signal Attenuation Foreword The phenomena of weather attenuation needs to be kept in mind whenever operating the weather radar. When the radar signal is transmitted, it is progressively absorbed and scattered, making the signal weaker. This weakening, or attenuation, is caused by two primary sources, distance and precipitation. Attenuation because of distance is due to the fact that the amount of radar energy at a distance from the antenna is inversely proportional to the square of the distance. The reflected radar energy from a target 40 miles away that fills the radar beam will be one fourth the energy reflected from an equivalent target 20 miles away. This would appear to the operator that the storm is gaining intensity as the aircraft gets closer. Internal circuitry within the GWX system compensates for much of this distance attenuation. Attenuation due to precipitation is not as predictable as distance attenuation. It is also more intense. As the radar signal passes through moisture, a portion of the radar energy is reflected back to the antenna. However, much of the energy is absorbed. If precipitation is very heavy, or covers a large area, the signal may not reach completely through the area of precipitation. The weather radar system cannot distinguish between an attenuated signal and area of no precipitation. If the signal has been fully attenuated, the radar will display a “radar shadow.” This appears as an end to the precipitation when, in fact, the heavy rain may extend much further. A cell containing heavy precipitation may block another cell located behind the first, preventing it from being displayed on the radar. Never fly into these shadowed areas and never assume that all of the heavy precipitation is being displayed unless another cell or a ground target can be seen beyond the heavy cell. The WATCH™ feature of the GWX Weather Radar system can help in identifying these shadowed areas. Areas in question will appear as “shadowed” or gray area on the radar display. Proper use of the antenna tilt control can also help detect radar shadows. Attenuation can also be due to poor maintenance or degradation of the radome. Even the smallest amount of wear and tear, pitting, and pinholes on the radome surface can cause damage and system inefficiency. Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL Direct-To Proc Charts Wpt Info Map Traffic Terrain Weather Nearest Services/ Music Utilities System Messages Symbols Appendix 190-01007-03 Rev. J 190-01007-03-Final.indb 35 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 12-35 Index 7/9/2015 2:08:10 PM Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL Direct-To Proc Charts 12.3.2 Radar Signal Reflectivity 12.3.2.1 Precipitation Precipitation or objects more dense than water, such as earth or solid structures, will be detected by the weather radar. The weather radar will not detect clouds, thunderstorms or turbulence directly. It detects precipitation associated with clouds, thunderstorms, and turbulence. The best radar signal reflectors are raindrops, wet snow or wet hail. The larger the raindrop the better it reflects. The size of the precipitation droplet is the most important factor in radar reflectivity. Because large drops in a small concentrated area are characteristic of a severe thunderstorm, the radar displays the storm as a strong return. Ice, dry snow, and dry hail have low reflective levels and often will not be displayed by the radar. A cloud that contains only small raindrops, such as fog or drizzle, will not reflect enough radar energy to produce a measurable target return. Wpt Info Map Traffic Terrain Weather Nearest Services/ Music Figure 12-50 Precipitation Type and Reflectivity Utilities System Messages Symbols Appendix Index 12-36 190-01007-03-Final.indb 36 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 190-01007-03 Rev. J 7/9/2015 2:08:10 PM 12.3.2.2 Ground Returns Foreword The intensity of ground target returns depends upon the angle at which the radar beam strikes the ground target (Angle of Incidence) and the reflective properties of that target. The gain can be adjusted so shorelines, rivers, lakes, and cities are well defined. Increasing gain too much causes the display to fill in between targets, thus obscuring some landmarks. Cities normally provide a strong return signal. While large buildings and structures provide good returns, small buildings can be shadowed from the radar beam by the taller buildings. As the aircraft approaches, and shorter ranges are selected, details become more noticeable as the highly reflective regular lines and edges of the city become more defined. Bodies of water such as lakes, rivers, and oceans are not good reflectors, and normally do not provide good returns. The energy is reflected in a forward scatter angle with inadequate energy being returned. They can appear as dark areas on the display. However, rough or choppy water is a better reflector and will provide stronger returns from the downwind sides of the waves. Mountains also provide strong return signals to the antenna, but also block the areas behind. However, over mountainous terrain, the radar beam can be reflected back and forth in the mountain passes or off canyon walls using up all or most of the radar energy. In this case, no return signal is received from this area causing the display to show a dark spot which could indicate a pass where no pass exists. 12.3.2.3 Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL Direct-To Proc Charts Wpt Info Map Traffic Terrain Weather Angle of Incidence The angle at which the radar beam strikes the target is called the Angle of Incidence. Incident angle (“A”) is illustrated below. This directly affects the detectable range, the area of illumination, and the intensity of the displayed target returns. A large incident angle gives the radar system a smaller detectable range and lower display intensity due to minimized reflection of the radar energy. Nearest Services/ Music Utilities System Messages Symbols Appendix 190-01007-03 Rev. J 190-01007-03-Final.indb 37 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 12-37 Index 7/9/2015 2:08:10 PM Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL Direct-To Figure 12-51 Angle of Incidence Proc Charts Wpt Info Map Traffic Terrain Weather A smaller incident angle gives the radar a larger detectable range of operation and the target display will show a higher intensity. Since more radar energy is reflected back to the antenna with a low incident angle, the resulting detectable range is increased for mountainous terrain. 12.3.3 The following information establishes a minimum safe distance from the antenna for personnel near an operating airborne weather radar. The minimum safe distance is based upon the FCC’s exposure limit at 9.3 to 9.5 GHz for general population/uncontrolled environments which is 1 mW/cm2. See Advisory Circular 20-68B for more information on safe distance determination. 12.3.3.1 Nearest Services/ Music Utilities System Operating Distance Maximum Permissible Exposure Level (MPEL) (GWX 68) The zone in which the radiation level exceeds the US Government standard of 1 mW/cm2, is the semicircular area of at least 11 feet from the 12 inch antenna as indicated in the illustration below. All personnel must remain outside of this zone. With a scanning or rotating beam, the averaged power density at the MPEL boundary is significantly reduced. 12.3.3.2 Messages Maximum Permissible Exposure Level (MPEL) (Other Radars) See the appropriate documentation for MPEL. Symbols Appendix Index 12-38 190-01007-03-Final.indb 38 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 190-01007-03 Rev. J 7/9/2015 2:08:11 PM Foreword MPEL Boundary Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl 11’ for 12” antenna Com/Nav FPL Direct-To Proc Figure 12-52 MPEL Boundary 12.3.4 Basic Antenna Tilt Setup Charts The following discussion is a simple method for setting up the weather radar antenna tilt for most situations. It is not to be considered an all encompassing setup that will work in all situations, but this method does provide good overall parameters for the monitoring of threats. Ultimately, it is desired to have the antenna tilted so that the bottom of the radar beam is four degrees below parallel with the ground. The following discussion explains one way of achieving this. With the aircraft flying level, adjust the antenna tilt so ground returns are displayed at a distance that equals the aircraft’s current altitude (AGL) divided by 1,000. For example, if the aircraft is at 14,000 feet, adjust the tilt so the front edge of ground returns are displayed at 14 NM. Note this antenna tilt angle setting. Now, raise the antenna tilt 6º above this setting. The bottom of the radar beam is now angled down 4º from parallel with the ground. Practical Application Using the Basic Tilt Setup 190-01007-03-Final.indb 39 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide Map Traffic Terrain Weather Nearest Services/ Music Utilities At this point, when flying at altitudes between 2,000 and 30,000 feet AGL, any displayed target return should scrutinized. If the displayed target advances on the screen to 5 NM of the aircraft, avoid it. This may be either weather or ground returns that are 2,000 feet or less below the aircraft. Raising the antenna tilt 4º can help separate ground returns from weather returns in relatively flat terrain. This will place the bottom of the radar beam level with the ground. Return the antenna tilt to the previous setting after a few sweeps. 190-01007-03 Rev. J Wpt Info 12-39 System Messages Symbols Appendix Index 7/9/2015 2:08:11 PM Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL If the aircraft is above 29,000 feet, be cautious of any target return that gets to 30 NM or closer. This is likely a thunderstorm that has a top high enough that the aircraft cannot fly over it safely. If the aircraft altitude is 15,000 feet or lower, set the displayed range to 60 NM. Closely monitor anything that enters the display. Also, after setting up the antenna tilt angle as described previously, ground returns can be monitored for possible threats. The relationship between antenna tilt angle, altitude, and distance is one degree of tilt equals 100 feet of altitude for every one nautical mile. Direct-To 4000 3000 Change in Antenna Tilt Proc 2000 +4° +3° +2° +1° 0° -1° -2° -3° -4° Charts Wpt Info 1000 1000 2000 3000 4000 Map 10 nm Traffic Terrain Weather Nearest Services/ Music Utilities System Messages Symbols Appendix Index Vertical Change of Radar Beam (feet) Foreword Figure 12-53 Vertical Change in Radar Beam per Nautical Mile Therefore, with the antenna tilt set so that the bottom of the beam is four degrees below parallel with the ground, a target return at 10 NM is approximately 4,000 feet below the aircraft; at 20 NM, 8,000 feet; at 50 NM, 20,000 feet. In other words, at this tilt setting, a ground return (such as a mountain peak) being displayed at 10 NM would have a maximum distance below the aircraft of 4,000 feet. If that ground target return moves to 5 NM, maximum distance below the aircraft will be 2,000 feet. This setup will provide a good starting point for practical use of the GWX radar. There are many other factors to consider in order to become proficient at using weather radar in all situations. 12.3.5 Weather Mapping and Interpretation 12.3.5.1 Weather display Interpretation When evaluating various target returns on the weather radar display, the colors denote approximate rainfall intensity and rates as shown in the table below. 12-40 190-01007-03-Final.indb 40 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 190-01007-03 Rev. J 7/9/2015 2:08:11 PM GWX 68 Radars Weather Mode Color Approximate Intensity Approximate Rainfall Rate (in/hr) GWX 70 Radars Approximate Intensity 3rd Party Radars Radar Return Level (see radar documentation for details) BLACK < 23 dBZ < .01 < 23 dBZ GREEN 23 dBZ to < 33 dBZ .01 - 0.1 23 dBZ to < 33 dBZ YELLOW 33 dBZ to < 41 dBZ 0.1 - 0.5 33 dBZ to < 41 dBZ RED 41 dBZ to < 50 dBZ 0.5 - 2 > 41 dBZ MAGENTA 50 dBZ and greater >2 Turbulence Detection Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL Direct-To Proc Table 12-5 Precipitation Intensity Levels Charts 12.3.5.2 Thunderstorms Updrafts and downdrafts in thunderstorms carry water through the cloud. The more severe the drafts, the greater the number and size of the precipitation droplets. With this in mind, the following interpretations can be made from what is displayed on the weather radar. Avoid these areas by an extra wide margin. Wpt Info Map Traffic • In areas where the displayed target intensity is red or magenta (indicating large amounts of precipitation), the turbulence is considered severe. Terrain • Areas that show steep color gradients (intense color changes) over thin bands or short distances suggest irregular rainfall rate and strong turbulence. Weather • Areas that show red or magenta are associated with hail or turbulence, as well as heavy precipitation. Vertical scanning and antenna tilt management may be necessary to identify areas of maximum intensity. Along squall lines (multiple cells or clusters of cells in a line), individual cells may be in different stages of development. Areas between closely spaced, intense targets may contain developing clouds not having enough moisture to produce a return. However, these areas could have strong updrafts or downdrafts. Targets showing wide areas of green are generally precipitation without severe turbulence. Irregularities in the target return may also indicate turbulence, appearing as “hooks,” “fingers,” or “scalloped” edges. These irregularities may be present in green areas with no yellow, red, or magenta areas and should be treated as highly dangerous areas. Avoid these areas as if they were red or magenta areas. 190-01007-03 Rev. J 190-01007-03-Final.indb 41 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 12-41 Nearest Services/ Music Utilities System Messages Symbols Appendix Index 7/9/2015 2:08:11 PM Squall Line Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL Steep Gradient Charts Wpt Info Scalloped Edge Figure 12-54 Cell Irregularities Direct-To Proc Hook or Finger Thunderstorm development is rapid. A course may become blocked within a short time. When displaying shorter ranges, periodically select a longer range to see if problems are developing further out. That can help prevent getting trapped in a “blind alley” or an area that is closed at one end by convective weather. Map Traffic Terrain Weather Nearest Services/ Music Utilities Figure 12-55 The “Blind Alley” Overhead View In areas of multiple heavy cells, use the Vertical Scan feature along with antenna tilt management to examine the areas. Remember to avoid shadowed areas behind targets. System Messages Symbols Appendix Index Figure 12-56 The “Blind Alley” Vertical Scan 12-42 190-01007-03-Final.indb 42 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 190-01007-03 Rev. J 7/9/2015 2:08:12 PM 12.3.5.3 Tornadoes There is no conclusive radar target return characteristics which will identify a tornado, however, tornadoes may be present if the following characteristics are observed: • A narrow, finger-like portion, as shown on the previous page, extends and, in a short time, curls into a hook and closes on itself. • A “hook” which may be in the general shape of the numeral “6,” especially if bright and projecting from the southwest quadrant (northeast quadrant in the southern hemisphere) of a major thunderstorm. • V- shaped notches. • Doughnut shapes. These shapes do not always indicate tornadoes, nor are tornado returns limited to these characteristics. Confirmed radar observations of tornadoes most often have not shown shapes different from those of a normal thunderstorm display. 12.3.5.4 Hail Hail results from updrafts carrying water high enough to freeze. Therefore, the higher the top of a thunderstorm, the greater the probability that it contains hail. Vertically scanning the target return can give the radar top of a thunderstorm that contains hail. Radar top is the top of a storm cell as detected by radar. It is not the actual top, or true top of the storm. The actual top of a storm cell is seen with the eyes in clear air and may be much higher than the radar top. The actual top does not indicate the top of the hazardous area. Hail can fall below the minimum reflectivity threshold for radar detection. It can have a film of water on its surface, making its reflective characteristics similar to a very large water droplet. Because of this film of water, and because hail stones usually are larger than water droplets, thunderstorms with large amounts of wet hail return stronger signals than those with rain. Some hail shafts are extremely narrow (100 yards or less) and make poor radar targets. In the upper regions of a cell where ice particles are “dry” (no liquid coating), target returns are less intense. Hail shafts are associated with the same radar target return characteristics as tornados. U-shaped cloud edges 3 to 7 miles across can also indicate hail. These target returns appear quite suddenly along any edge of the cell outline. They also change in intensity and shape in a matter of seconds, making vigilant monitoring essential. 190-01007-03 Rev. J 190-01007-03-Final.indb 43 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 12-43 Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL Direct-To Proc Charts Wpt Info Map Traffic Terrain Weather Nearest Services/ Music Utilities System Messages Symbols Appendix Index 7/9/2015 2:08:12 PM Foreword 12.4 WARNING: Begin transmitting only when it is safe to do so. When transmitting while the aircraft is on the ground, no personnel or objects should be within 11 feet of the antenna. Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl CAUTION: In Standby mode, the antenna is parked at the center line. It is always a good idea to put the radar in Standby mode before taxiing the aircraft to prevent the antenna from bouncing on the bottom stop and possibly causing damage to the radar assembly. Com/Nav FPL Direct-To Proc GWX Radar Operation in Weather Mode When the weather radar system is in the Weather or Ground Map mode, the system automatically switches to Standby mode on landing. Charts Wpt Info Tilt Show Bearing Map Bearing Traffic Turbulence Detection (GWX 70) GCS (GWX 70) ACT (GWX 70) Watch Shading Weather Alert Stabilize Terrain Weather Nearest Mode Off Weather Ground Test Scan Horizontal Vertical Sector Scan 20 Services/ Music Standby 40 60 90 (GWX 70) Full Gain Utilities Figure 12-57 Weather Radar Functional Diagram System Messages Symbols Appendix Index 12-44 190-01007-03-Final.indb 44 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 190-01007-03 Rev. J 7/9/2015 2:08:12 PM 12.4.1 Viewing Weather on the Weather Radar Page 1. From the Home page, touch the Weather key on the Home page and then touch the Radar key (if necessary). Antenna Stabilization Orientation Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav Bearing Line Scan Line Range Scale Precipitation Scale Bearing Line Display Bearing Line Adjustment Tilt Adjustment Gain Calibration Setting Operating Mode FPL Direct-To Proc Charts Wpt Info Scan Direction Sector Scan Selection Map Figure 12-58 Weather Radar Page (Horizontal Scan) Traffic 2. Touch the MODE key and then touch the function desired. 3. The color-coded precipitation scale is shown on the left side of the display. A table describing the precipitation intensity levels is in section 12.3.5.1. Terrain Weather Nearest Services/ Music Precipitation Color Values Utilities System GWX 68 GWX 70 Messages Figure 12-59 Weather Radar Precipitation Scale 4. Touch the IN and OUT keys to select the desired range. Touch the desired keys to set any required values as described below. 190-01007-03 Rev. J 190-01007-03-Final.indb 45 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 12-45 Symbols Appendix Index 7/9/2015 2:08:12 PM Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav 12.4.2 Configuring Weather Radar Page To configure the WX Radar page, the Radar Mode must be in Ground, Weather, or Test mode. When one of these modes is selected, a warm-up period is initiated (countdown is displayed on the screen). After the warm-up is complete, the selected mode will be available. 1. While on the ground, touch MODE. 2. In the Weather Radar Mode window, touch STANDBY. FPL Direct-To Touch the Desired Mode Proc Charts Wpt Info Map Figure 12-60 Weather Radar Mode Selection Traffic 3. Terrain Touch MODE and select Weather, Ground, or Test. A caution window is displayed. Weather Nearest Services/ Music Utilities Figure 12-61 Caution for Radar Activation Confirmation 4. Touch OK to acknowledge the selected mode will be activated. System If Weather or Ground is selected, a warm-up period is initiated (countdown is displayed on the screen). After the warm-up is complete, the radar begins transmitting. Messages Symbols Appendix Index 12-46 190-01007-03-Final.indb 46 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 190-01007-03 Rev. J 7/9/2015 2:08:13 PM 12.4.3 Vertically Scanning a Storm Cell Foreword When vertically scanning with stabilization ON, the actual physical area that the radar is sweeping may not match the vertical scan display. This occurs whenever the aircraft pitch is not at 0 degrees. To compensate for this, the vertical display will “erase” the portion of the vertical display that is no longer being scanned. It will appear that the vertical sweep “wraps around” when reaching the end of the GTN vertical display. The radar is simply “erasing” the portion of the vertical display that is not currently being scanned. NOTE: Vertical scanning of a storm cell should be done with the aircraft wings level to avoid constant adjustment of the Bearing Line. Antenna Stabilization Scan Line Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL Direct-To Proc Charts Tilt Line Wpt Info Precipitation Scale Map Range Scale Tilt Adjustment Gain Calibration Setting Operating Mode Traffic Terrain Weather Scan Direction Show Tilt Selection Nearest Figure 12-62 Weather Radar Page (Vertical Scan) Services/ Music Utilities System Messages Symbols Appendix 190-01007-03 Rev. J 190-01007-03-Final.indb 47 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 12-47 Index 7/9/2015 2:08:13 PM Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL Direct-To 12.4.4 Adjusting the Antenna Tilt Angle In order to make an accurate interpretation of a storm cell, the radar beam should be pointed at the wet part of the weather cell to record the proper rainfall intensity (color level). The ideal aiming point is just below the freezing level of the storm. The best way to find this point is to use the Vertical Scan feature. The antenna tilt angle can be centered on the strongest return area in the vertical scan to get a more accurate view of the coverage and intensity of the target in the horizontal scan. 1. While viewing the WX Radar page touch the TILT key. An adjustment window will be displayed. Proc Charts Numeric Adjusted Tilt Angle Wpt Info Touch To Adjust Tilt Angle Map Traffic Figure 12-63 Adjusting Tilt Terrain 2. Touch the Up and Down Arrow keys to adjust the Tilt. The range is DN 15° to UP 15°. Weather 3. Touch Back to save the values and return to the Radar display. Nearest Services/ Music Utilities System Messages Symbols Appendix Index 12-48 190-01007-03-Final.indb 48 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 190-01007-03 Rev. J 7/9/2015 2:08:13 PM 12.4.5 Adjusting the Bearing Line Foreword 1. Touch the SHOW BRG key. This displays the Bearing Line in Horizontal Scanning mode. 2. To adjust the Bearing Line, touch the BEARING key. An adjustment window will be displayed. Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Touch To Adjust Bearing Com/Nav FPL Direct-To Numeric Adjusted Bearing Value And Direction Proc Figure 12-64 Bearing Line Adjustment Charts 3. Touch the Gain Adjustment arrow keys to change the gain. Wpt Info 4. Touch Back to save the values and return to the Radar display. Map Traffic Terrain Weather Nearest Services/ Music Utilities System Messages Symbols Appendix 190-01007-03 Rev. J 190-01007-03-Final.indb 49 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 12-49 Index 7/9/2015 2:08:13 PM Foreword Getting Started 12.4.6 Adjusting Gain Gain is used to adjust the sensitivity of the radar receiver. It can be used to adjust the characteristics of the returns from the surface. WARNING: Changing the gain in weather mode will cause precipitation intensity to be displayed as a color not representative of the true intensity. Remember to return the gain setting to : “Calibrated” for viewing the actual intensity of precipitation. Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav 1. While viewing the WX Radar page touch the GAIN key. The Gain Adjustment Bar will be displayed. FPL Direct-To Numeric Adjusted Gain Value Relative Adjusted Gain Value Touch to Return to Calibrated Gain Proc Charts Wpt Info Touch To Adjust Gain Map Figure 12-65 Gain Adjustment 2. Touch the Gain Adjustment arrow keys to change the gain. Traffic Terrain 3. Touch Back to save the values and return to the Radar display. Weather Nearest Restore Calibrated Gain Services/ Music 1. While viewing the WX Radar page touch GAIN to display the Gain adjustment window. Utilities 2. Touch the SET TO CALIBRATED key. This will restore the calibrated gain. System Messages Symbols Appendix Index 12-50 190-01007-03-Final.indb 50 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 190-01007-03 Rev. J 7/9/2015 2:08:13 PM 12.4.7 Sector Scan Foreword Adjusting the Sector Scan reduces the scan angle from Full in increments of ±20°, ±40°, and ±60° in horizontal or vertical scanning. 1. While viewing the WX Radar page, touch Sector Scan to display the Sector Scan Mode window. Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL Direct-To Touch the Desired Sector Size Proc GWX 68 GWX 70 Charts Figure 12-66 Sector Scan Mode Wpt Info 2. Touch the desired mode. After selection, you are returned to the Weather Radar Menu screen. 3. Touch Back again to return to the Weather Radar screen. Map Traffic Terrain Selected Sector Scan Range Weather Nearest Scan Line Services/ Music Utilities Sector Scan Selection Key System Messages Figure 12-67 Selected Sector Scan Range Symbols Appendix 190-01007-03 Rev. J 190-01007-03-Final.indb 51 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 12-51 Index 7/9/2015 2:08:14 PM Foreword 12.4.8 Weather Radar Menu Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL Touch Menu to view the Weather Radar Menu. Touch To Enable Ground Clutter Suppression Touch To Enable Altitude Compensated Tilt Touch To Enable Turbulence Detection GWX 70 Direct-To Touch To Enable WATCH Shading Proc Touch To Enable Weather Alerts Touch To Enable Antenna Stabilization Charts GWX 68 Wpt Info Figure 12-68 Weather Radar Menu Selections Map NOTE: Ground Clutter Suppression (GCS) and Turbulence Detection is only supported for 12” or larger RADAR antennas. Turbulence Detection is only supported out to a range of 40 NM and is disabled at display ranges greater than 160 NM. Traffic Terrain Weather Nearest Services/ Music Utilities System Messages Symbols Appendix Index 12.4.8.1 Weather Attenuated Color Highlight (WATCH™) While in horizontal scan mode, this feature can be used as a tool to determine areas of possible inaccuracies in displayed intensity due to weakening of the radar energy. This weakening is known as “attenuation.” The radar energy weakens as it passes through areas of intense precipitation, large areas of lesser precipitation, and distance. Issues with the radome will also attenuate the radar energy. All these factors have an effect on the return intensity. The more energy that dissipates, the lesser the displayed intensity of the return. Accuracy of the displayed intensity of returns located in the shaded areas are suspect. Make maneuvering decisions with this information in mind. Proper antenna tilt management should still be employed to determine the extent of attenuation in a shaded area. 1. While viewing the Weather Radar Menu, touch WATCH Shading to toggle WATCH Shading. 12-52 190-01007-03-Final.indb 52 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 190-01007-03 Rev. J 7/9/2015 2:08:14 PM 2. To deactivate Watch Mode, repeat sequence. Foreword Watch Shaded Area Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL Direct-To Proc Figure 12-69 Horizontal Scan with WATCH 12.4.8.2 Weather Alert The Weather Alert feature may be used to indicate the presence of heavy precipitation beyond the currently displayed range and 80 to 320 NM from the aircraft’s present position. Weather Alert targets appear as red bands along the outer range ring at the approximate azimuth of the detected returns. If a Weather Alert is detected within ±10° of the aircraft heading, a message will be displayed in the Messages page. Touch the MSG key to view messages. Weather Alerts Charts Wpt Info Map Traffic Terrain Weather Nearest Services/ Music Utilities System Messages Figure 12-70 Weather Alert Display If the antenna tilt is adjusted too low, a weather alert can be generated by ground returns. To avoid this issue, set the display range to less than 80 NM in the terminal area. Weather alerts can also be deactivated in the terminal area. 190-01007-03 Rev. J 190-01007-03-Final.indb 53 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 12-53 Symbols Appendix Index 7/9/2015 2:08:14 PM Foreword 1. While viewing the Weather Radar Menu, touch Weather Alert to toggle Weather Alerts. Getting Started 2. To deactivate Weather Alerts, repeat sequence. Audio & Xpdr Ctrl 12.4.8.3 Com/Nav FPL Direct-To Proc Charts Wpt Info Map Traffic Terrain Weather Antenna Stabilization 1. While viewing the Weather Radar Menu, touch Stabilize to toggle Antenna Stabilization. 2. To deactivate Antenna Stabilization, repeat sequence. The current stabilization condition is shown in the top right of the weather radar display. 12.4.8.4 Altitude Compensated Tilt (ACT) - GWX 70 only Altitude Compensated Tilt (ACT) automatically adjusts the tilt to compensate for altitude changes as you climb or descend. 1. While viewing the Weather Radar Menu, touch ACT to toggle ACT. 2. To deactivate ACT, repeat sequence. 12.4.8.5 Turbulence Detection - GWX 70 only Turbulence Detection activates a feature that detects and displays severe turbulence. Turbulence Detection is inactive at ranges greater that 160 NM. If Turbulence Detection is enabled and available, Turbulence Detection will be reported as Inactive in any of the following conditions: • Scan orientation is not Horizontal • Scan range is greater than 160 NM Nearest Services/ Music Utilities System Messages Symbols Appendix Index • Radar mode is not Weather 1. While viewing the Weather Radar Menu, touch Turbulence Detection to toggle Turbulence Detection. 2. To deactivate Turbulence Detection, repeat sequence. 12.4.8.6 Ground Clutter Suppression (GCS) - GWX 70 only Ground Clutter Suppression reduces the amount of returns as a result of highly reflective objects on the ground, such as buildings or cities, while maintaining the intensity and size of weather returns. 1. While viewing the Weather Radar Menu, touch GCS to toggle Ground Clutter Suppression. 2. To deactivate Ground Clutter Suppression, repeat sequence. 12-54 190-01007-03-Final.indb 54 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 190-01007-03 Rev. J 7/9/2015 2:08:14 PM 12.5 Connext Weather Connext Weather is an optional feature available with the Iridium® satellite system that is interfaced through the optional Garmin GSR 56. Connext Weather may be viewed in the Weather and Map functions. The Weather pages may be oriented to either Track Up, Heading, or North Up. Both Connext and XM Weather may be installed and selected individually. Connext Weather coverage is available throughout most of Europe, Canada and the U.S. Additional radar coverage areas are being added continuously. Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL Direct-To Proc Charts PRECIP Lightning IR Satellite METAR PIREP Winds Aloft Surface Wpt Info Map Traffic 3000 ft ... 45,000 ft Terrain SIGMET/AIRMET Connext Settings Coverage Region Present Position Destination Flight Plan Distance Waypoint Waypoint Ident Weather Nearest Services/ Music Data Request Request Data Auto Request Cov Diameter Datalink Status Utilities System Messages Orientation Legend Symbols Figure 12-71 Connext Weather Functional Diagram 190-01007-03 Rev. J 190-01007-03-Final.indb 55 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide Appendix 12-55 Index 7/9/2015 2:08:14 PM Foreword More detail on Connext weather products and coverage can be found at: http://fly.garmin.com/fly-garmin/gfds-weather/ Getting Started NOTE: A system can be configured for multiple weather products, but only one may be selected for viewing in the Weather or map pages at a given time. Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav 1. While viewing the Connext Weather page, press the MENU key to display the Connext Weather Menu. FPL Direct-To Proc Charts Wpt Info Figure 12-72 Select Connext Weather Map 2. Touch the desired key to access the settings. The settings will affect the display on both the Weather and Map pages. Traffic Terrain Weather Nearest Services/ Music Utilities System Messages Symbols Appendix Index 12-56 190-01007-03-Final.indb 56 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 190-01007-03 Rev. J 7/9/2015 2:08:15 PM 12.5.1 Using Connext Satellite Weather Products Foreword When a weather product is active on the Weather Data Link Page or the Navigation Map Page, the age of the data is displayed on the screen. The age of the product is based on the time difference between when the data was assembled on the ground and the current GPS time. Weather products are refreshed at selectable intervals. Weather products expire at intervals based on each product. When the data expires, it is removed from the display. This ensures that the displayed data is consistent with what is currently being broadcast by Connext Satellite Radio services. If more than half of the expiration time has elapsed from the time the data is received, the color of the product age displayed changes to yellow. 12.5.2 Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL Direct-To Proc Connext Weather Menu The Connext Weather page is customized by selecting options from the Connext Weather and the Connext Settings Menus. The Connext Weather Menu options include choices for Weather Setup and displaying selected weather products. The Connext Settings Menu makes settings for the Coverage Region and Data Request frequency. 1. While viewing the Connext Weather page, touch the MENU key to display the Connext Weather Menu. Touch the desired keys to toggle the weather product. Charts Wpt Info Map Traffic Terrain Weather Nearest Services/ Music Utilities Figure 12-73 Connext Weather Menu 2. Touch the Connext Settings key to make detailed settings for the Connext Weather display. System Messages Symbols Appendix 190-01007-03 Rev. J 190-01007-03-Final.indb 57 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 12-57 Index 7/9/2015 2:08:15 PM Foreword 12.5.3 Connext Settings Getting Started Touch To Manually Request Data Auto Request Setting Time To Next Data Request Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav Coverage Region Settings FPL Datalink Status Direct-To Proc Charts Wpt Info Map Figure 12-74 Connext Settings Menu 12.5.3.1 Connext Data Request It is necessary to request the downloading of weather products. Requests can be sent manually or set to automatically update at a selected rate. The Connext weather data may be updated at any time regardless of the automatic update timing by selecting a Manual Request. When multiple requests are made, some products are merged with the old data (SIGMETs/AIRMETs, TAFs, TFRs, and METARs), but the old data of other products is discarded. Traffic 1. While viewing the Connext Settings Menu, touch the Request Data key to manually request data. Terrain 2. Touch the Auto Request key to set the Auto Request Period. Weather Nearest Services/ Music Touch To Select Request Period Utilities System Messages Symbols Figure 12-75 Select Auto Request Period Appendix Index 12-58 190-01007-03-Final.indb 58 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 190-01007-03 Rev. J 7/9/2015 2:08:15 PM 3. Touch the Cancel Request key to cancel a request in progress. Getting Started Touch To Select Request Period Touch To Cancel Request Foreword Time Remaining Until Next Request Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav Figure 12-76 Cancelling A Request 12.5.3.2 FPL Connext Data Request Coverage Region Direct-To Present Position Data Request Touch the Present Position key to request that weather information will be shown around your present position. Charts Destination Connext Data Request Touch the Destination key to request that weather information will be shown around the destination waypoint in the flight plan. Flight Plan Data Request Touch the Flight Plan key to request that weather information will be shown around the active flight plan. Flight Plan Distance Data Request Touch the Distance key to request that weather information will be shown for the selected distance along the active flight plan. Wpt Info Map Traffic Terrain Weather Nearest Services/ Music Waypoint Connext Data Request 1. Proc Touch the Waypoint key to request that weather information will be shown around the selected waypoint. 2. Select the waypoint and then press ENT. Utilities System Messages Diameter/Route Width Connext Data Request After selecting a coverage option in the previous section, select the desired Diameter and then press ENT. Symbols Appendix 190-01007-03 Rev. J 190-01007-03-Final.indb 59 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 12-59 Index 7/9/2015 2:08:15 PM Foreword 12.5.3.3 Connext Weather Map Orientation 1. While viewing the Connext Weather Menu, touch the Orientation key. Getting Started 2. Touch the orientation choices of North Up, Track Up, and Heading Up and to accept the displayed value and return to the Connext Weather Menu. Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL Touch To Select Map Orientation Direct-To Proc Charts Wpt Info Figure 12-77 Connext Weather Map Orientation Map Traffic Terrain Weather Nearest Services/ Music Utilities System Messages Symbols Appendix Index 12-60 190-01007-03-Final.indb 60 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 190-01007-03 Rev. J 7/9/2015 2:08:16 PM 12.5.4 Register With Connext It is necessary to register the GTN with Connext to utilize the weather products. 1. Call Garmin Customer Service to create a Connext account. Provide the GTN System ID and airframe info (model, tail number, etc). 2. Customer Service will issue an access code to enter on the Connext Registration page. 3. While viewing Connext Settings Menu, touch the Datalink Status key. Iridium Signal Level Current Registration Info Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL Direct-To Proc Charts Wpt Info Phone and Datalink Status Map Touch To Register Traffic Terrain Weather Figure 12-78 GSR 56 Status 4. Touch the Connext Registration key to display the Connext Registration display. Nearest Services/ Music Touch To Register Touch To Enter Access Code Utilities System Current Registration Info Messages Symbols Appendix Figure 12-79 Connext Registration Page 190-01007-03 Rev. J 190-01007-03-Final.indb 61 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 12-61 Index 7/9/2015 2:08:16 PM 5. Touch the Access Code key to enter the appropriate code and then touch the Enter key. Foreword 6. Touch the Register key to complete the process. The GTN will contact the Connext servers using the GSR 56 transceiver. If the access code and system ID are correct, it will download and display the airframe info. Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL Direct-To Proc Charts Wpt Info Map Traffic Terrain Deactivate Unit Registration With Connext Registration of the GTN unit with Connext can be deactivated so that the unit can no longer make requests to Connext. This does not cancel the subscription. 1. While viewing the Connext Registration display, touch the Access Code field and enter an invalid access code to deactivate the Connext registration. 2. Any weather requests will now fail and the system will no longer be linked to the Connext account. 12.5.5 Connext Weather Product Age The weather product expiration time and the refresh rate are shown in the following table. The refresh rate represents the interval at which Connext Satellites broadcast new signals that may or may not contain new weather data. It does not represent the rate at which weather data is updated or new content is received by the Data Link Receiver. Weather data is refreshed at intervals that are defined and controlled by Connext and its data vendors. Weather Product Weather PRECIP Lightning IR Satellite SIGMETs / AIRMETs METARs Winds Aloft Pilot Weather Report (PIREP) (Blue - Regular, Yellow - Urgent) Temporary Flight Restriction (TFR) Nearest Services/ Music Utilities System Messages Symbols Expiration Time (Minutes) 30 30 60 60 90 90 90 60 Table 12-6 Connext Weather Products and Aging Times Appendix Index 12-62 190-01007-03-Final.indb 62 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 190-01007-03 Rev. J 7/9/2015 2:08:16 PM WARNING: Do not use the indicated data link weather product age to determine the age of the weather information shown by the data link weather product. Due to time delays inherent in gathering and processing weather data for data link transmission, the weather information shown by the data link weather product may be significantly older than the indicated weather product age. 12.5.6 Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav TFRs Temporary Flight Restrictions (TFRs) provide detailed information for local short term restrictions. FPL Direct-To Proc Figure 12-80 Connext TFR Legend 1. Touch a TFR symbol on the Weather page to view details. Charts Wpt Info TFR Detail Map Touch TFR Symbol To View Details Traffic Terrain Weather Nearest Services/ Music Figure 12-81 Connext TFR Detail Utilities 2. Touch the Back key to return to the Weather display. System Messages Symbols Appendix 190-01007-03 Rev. J 190-01007-03-Final.indb 63 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 12-63 Index 7/9/2015 2:08:16 PM Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl 12.5.7 Precipitation (PRECIP) Data Graphical data is overlaid on the map indicating the rainfall detected by ground based radar for a specific area. The colors indicating increasing levels of rainfall progresses from light green for light rainfall to red for heavy rainfall. Review the Limitations section in the front of this guide for the limitations that apply to the Connext data. Rainfall data is color coded as follows: Com/Nav FPL Direct-To Proc Charts Wpt Info Map Figure 12-82 Connext PRECIP Weather Map Display and Legend Traffic Terrain Weather Nearest Services/ Music Utilities The "No Coverage" color indicates that no data is available for that area, and rainfall in that area is unknown. When weather data is received, the airborne system will display that data for 20 minutes. If no new data has been received for a given area, the rainfall will be removed after 20 minutes and the area will revert back to the "No Coverage" color. The Connext Weather Function is based on a ground-to-air data link and requires that the appropriate ground systems are broadcasting weather data and the aircraft is within reception range of the Ground Broadcast Transceiver (GBT). 12.5.7.1 Animating Precipitation Data System NOTE: Animated Precipitation functionality is available in software version 6.00 and later. Messages Symbols Appendix Index When Precipitation Data is enabled for display and more than two Precipitation images have been received by the GTN, the Precipitation display can be animated on the Connext Weather page. As new Precipitation images are 12-64 190-01007-03-Final.indb 64 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 190-01007-03 Rev. J 7/9/2015 2:08:16 PM
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