Huawei Technologies RU3832 Remote Radio Unit User Manual IV

Huawei Technologies Co.,Ltd Remote Radio Unit IV

User manual IV

Compliance and Safety ManualRU3832Issue 01Date 2014-9-1HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.
Issue (01) HuaweiProprietary and ConfidentialCopyright © Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. iCopyright © Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. 2010. All rights reserved.No part of this document may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means without priorwritten consent of Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.Trademarks and Permissions and other Huawei trademarks are trademarks of Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.All other trademarks and trade names mentioned in this document are the property of their respectiveholders.NoticeThe purchased products, services and features are stipulated by the contract made between Huawei andthe customer. All or part of the products, services and features described in this document may not bewithin the purchase scope or the usage scope. Unless otherwise specified in the contract, all statements,information, and recommendations in this document are provided "AS IS" without warranties, guarantees orrepresentations of any kind, either express or implied.The information in this document is subject to change without notice. Every effort has been made in thepreparation of this document to ensure accuracy of the contents, but all statements, information, andrecommendations in this document do not constitute the warranty of any kind, express or implied.Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.Address: Huawei Industrial BaseBantian, LonggangShenzhen 518129People's Republic of ChinaWebsite: http://www.huawei.comEmail: support@huawei.com
1 SafetyIssue (01) HuaweiProprietary and ConfidentialCopyright © Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. 1-11SafetyAbout This Chapter1.1 Health and Safety1.2 Equipment Safety1.3 Electromagnetic Field Exposure1.1 Health and Safety1.1.1 Overview1.1.2 Electrical Safety1.1.3 Inflammable Environment1.1.4 Radiation1.1.5 Working at Heights1.1.6 Mechanical Safety1.1.7 Bundling Signal Cables1.1.1 OverviewIntroductionThis section describes the safety precautions you must take before installing or maintainingHuawei equipment.To ensure safety of humans and the equipment, pay attention to the safety symbols on theequipment and all the safety instructions in this document.The "NOTE", "CAUTION", and "WARNING" marks in other documents do notrepresent all the safety instructions. They are only supplements to the safety instructions.Installation and maintenance personnel must understand basic safety precautions to avoidhazards.When operating Huawei equipment, in addition to following the general precautions inthis document, follow the specific safety instructions given by Huawei.
1 Safety1-2 HuaweiProprietary and ConfidentialCopyright © Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. Issue (01)Only trained and qualified personnel are allowed to install, operate, and maintain Huaweiequipment.To assure continued compliance, any changes or modifications not expressly approvedby the party responsible for compliance could void the user's authority to operate thisequipment.Local Safety RegulationsWhen operating Huawei equipment, you must follow the local laws and regulations. Thesafety instructions in this document are only supplements to the local laws and regulations.General RequirementsTo minimize risk of personal injury and damage to equipment, read and follow all theprecautions in this document before performing any installation or maintenance.Ensure that the instructions provided in this document are followed completely. This sectionalso provides guidelines for selecting the measuring and testing devices.InstallationThe device (or system) must be installed in an access-controlled location.Tighten the thumbscrews by using a tool after initial installation and subsequent accessto the panel.GroundDo not damage the ground conductor or operate the device in the absence of a properlyinstalled ground conductor. Conduct the electrical inspection carefully.The device (or system) must be connected permanently to the protection ground beforean operation. The cross-sectional area of the protective ground conductor must be at least16mm2.The device must be fixed securely on the floor or other reliable objects, such as the wallsand the mounting racks before operation.When installing the unit, always make the ground connection first and disconnect it lastPower SupplyFor DC-supplied model: The device applies to DC power source that complies with theSafety Extra-Low Voltage (SELV) requirements in IEC 60950-1 based safety standards.Prepared conductors are connected to the terminal block, and only the appropriateAWG/Type of wire is secured with the lug terminals.This device relies on the building’s installation for short-circuit (overcurrent) protection.Ensure that a fuse or circuit breaker no larger than 80 VDC, 30A for DC supplied modelis used on the phase conductors (all current-carrying conductors).For this device, a readily accessible disconnect device shall be incorporated external tothe equipment
1 SafetyIssue (01) HuaweiProprietary and ConfidentialCopyright © Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. 1-3To minimize the risk of fire, use only No. 26 AWG or larger telecommunication linecord.Human SafetyDo not operate the device or cables during lightning strikes.To avoid electric shock, do not connect safety extra-low voltage (SELV) circuits totelecommunication network voltage (TNV) circuits.Move or lift the chassis by holding its lower edge. Do not hold the handles on certainmodules such as power supply, fans, and boards because they cannot support the weightof the device.Do not look into the optical port without eye protection.Do not wear jewelry or watches when you operate the device.Reinforced insulation or double insulation must be provided to isolate DC source fromAC mains supply.OperatorOnly qualified professional personnel are allowed to install, configure, operate, anddisassemble the device.Only the personnel authenticated or authorized by Huawei are allowed to replace orchange the device of the parts of the device (including the software).Any fault or error that might cause safety problems must be reported immediately to asupervisor.Only qualified personnel are allowed to remove or disable the safety facilities and totroubleshoot and maintain the device.Ensure that the instructions provided in this document are followed completely. Thedocument also provides guidelines in selecting the measuring and testing device.1.1.2 Electrical SafetyHigh VoltageThe high voltage power supply provides power for the device operation. Direct or indirectcontact (through damp objects) with high voltage and AC mains supply may result in fataldanger.During the installation of the AC power supply facility, follow the local safetyregulations. The personnel who install the AC facility must be qualified to perform highvoltage and AC operations.Do not wear conductive articles, such as watches, hand chains, bracelets, and ringsduring the operation.When water is found in the rack or the rack is damp, switch off the power supplyimmediately.When the operation is performed in a damp environment, make sure that the device isdr y.
1 Safety1-4 HuaweiProprietary and ConfidentialCopyright © Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. Issue (01)Non-standard and improper high voltage operations may result in fire and electric shock.Therefore, you must abide by the local rules and regulations when bridging and wiring ACcables. Only qualified personnel are allowed to perform high voltage and AC operations.Before powering on a device, ground the device. Otherwise, personal injury or device damagemay be caused by high leakage current.ThunderstormDo not perform any operation, including high voltage and AC operations, on a steel tower ormast during a thunderstorm.ToolsDedicated tools must be used during high voltage and AC operations. Avoid using ordinarytools.High Electrical LeakageGround the device before powering it on. Otherwise, personal injury or device damage maybe caused by high leakage current.If a "high electrical leakage" tag is present on the power terminal of the device, you mustground the device before powering it on.Power Cable
1 SafetyIssue (01) HuaweiProprietary and ConfidentialCopyright © Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. 1-5Do not install or remove power cables when the device is on. Transient contact between thecore of the power cable and the conductor may generate electric arcs or sparks, which maycause fire or hurt human eyes.Before installing or removing the power cable, turn off the power switch.Before connecting a power cable, check that the label on the power cable is correct.If the device is connected with the DC power supply, use 1 mm² or 16 AWG minimumpower supply cord.Use type H03VV-F or light PVC-sheathed flexible cord according to IEC 60227.1.1.3 Inflammable EnvironmentOperating the electrical device in an inflammable environment can be fatal.Do not place the device in an environment that has inflammable and explosive air or gas. Donot perform any operation in this environment.1.1.4 RadiationElectromagnetic Field ExposureRadio-frequency signals with high intensity are harmful to human body.Before installing or maintaining an antenna on a steel tower or a mast with a large number oftransmitter antennas, coordinate with the parties concerned to shut down the transmitterantennas.LaserThe laser hazard level of this device is Class 1.
1 Safety1-6 HuaweiProprietary and ConfidentialCopyright © Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. Issue (01)When handling optical fibers, do not stand close to or look at the optical fiber outlet directlywith unprotected eyes.General Laser InformationLaser transceivers or transmitters are used in optical transmission systems and associated testtools. The wavelength of the laser is between 780 nm and 1600 nm. The laser transmittedthrough optical fibers has very high power density and is invisible to human eyes. A beam oflight causes damage to the retina.Laser of wavelengths used in telecommunications causes thermal damage to the retina.Lasers used in lightwave systems have a larger beam divergence, typically 10 to 20 degrees.Looking at an un-terminated fiber or damaged fiber with unprotected eyes at a distancegreater than 150 mm (6 inches) does not cause eye injury. Eye injury, however, may be causedif an optical tool such as a microscope, magnifying glass, or eye loupe is used to view theenergized fiber end.A lightwave system in normal operating mode is totally enclosed and presents no risk of eyeinjury. The automatic laser shutdown (ALS) feature of the lightwave system also ensuressafety. The ALS, however, can be applied to bi-directional transmission only. If the receiverside does not detect the laser from the transmitter side, it sends the transmitter side a signal.Upon receiving the signal, the ALS shuts down the laser emission within 100 ms.Safety GuidelinesFollow the following guidelines to avoid laser radiation:Read the instructions before installing, operating, and maintaining the device. Ignoringthe instructions can cause exposure to dangerous laser radiation.Wear a pair of eye-protective glasses when you are handling lasers or fibers.Only qualified personnel are allowed to perform laser-related operations.Make sure that the optical source is switched off before disconnecting optical fiberconnectors.Before opening the front door of an optical transmission system, make sure that you arenot exposed to laser radiation.Do not look at the end of an exposed fiber or an open connector when you are not surewhether the optical source is switched off or not.Use an optical power meter to check that the optical source is switched off and verifythat it is off by measuring the optical power.Do not use an optical tool such as a microscope, a magnifying glass, or an eye loupe toview the optical connector or fiber.Handling FibersRead the instructions before handling fibers:Only trained and qualified personnel can cut or splice fibers.
1 SafetyIssue (01) HuaweiProprietary and ConfidentialCopyright © Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. 1-7Before cutting or splicing a fiber, ensure that the fiber is disconnected from the opticalsource. After disconnecting the fiber, use protecting caps to protect all the opticalconnectors.1.1.5 Working at HeightsAvoid object falling when you work at heights.When working at heights, fulfill the following requirements:Only trained personnel can work at heights.Prevent the devices and tools that you carry from falling down.Take safety and protection measures, for example, wear a helm and safety belt.Wear warm clothes when working at heights in a cold region.Before working at heights, check that all the lifting facilities are in good condition.Hoisting Heavy ObjectsDo not walk below the cantilever or hoisted objects when heavy objects are being hoisted.Only trained and qualified personnel can perform hoisting operations.Before hoisting heavy objects, check that the hoisting tools are complete and in goodcondition.Before hoisting heavy objects, ensure that the hoisting tools are fixed to a secure objector wall with good weight capacity.Issue orders with short and explicit words to avoid misoperations.Ensure that the angle formed by two cables is not larger than 90 degrees. See Figure 1-1.
1 Safety1-8 HuaweiProprietary and ConfidentialCopyright © Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. Issue (01)Figure 1-1 Hoisting heavy objectsUsing LaddersChecking a LadderBefore using a ladder, check whether the ladder is damaged. Only the ladder in goodcondition can be used.Before using a ladder, you should know the maximum weight capacity of the ladder.Avoid overweighing the ladder.Placing a LadderThe recommended gradient of ladders is 75 degrees. You can measure the gradient of theladder with an angle square or your arms. When using a ladder, ensure that the wider feet ofthe ladder are downward, or take protection measures for the ladder feet to prevent the ladderfrom sliding. Ensure that the ladder is placed securely.Climbing Up a LadderWhen climbing up a ladder, note the following:Ensure that the center of gravity of your body does not deviate from the edges of the twolong sides.To minimize the risk of falling, hold your balance on the ladder before any operation.
1 SafetyIssue (01) HuaweiProprietary and ConfidentialCopyright © Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. 1-9Do not climb higher than the fourth rung of the ladder (counted from up to down).If you want to climb up a roof, ensure that the ladder top is at least one meter higher thanthe roof.1.1.6 Mechanical SafetyDrilling HolesDo not drill the cabinet at will. Drilling holes without complying with the requirements affectsthe electromagnetic shielding performance of the cabinet and damages the cables inside thecabinet. In addition, if the scraps caused by drilling enter the cabinet, the printed circuitboards (PCBs) may be short circuited.Before you drill a hole in the cabinet, wear insulated gloves and remove the internalcables from the cabinet.Wear an eye protector when drilling holes. This is to prevent your eyes from beinginjured by the splashing metal scraps.Ensure that the scraps caused by drilling do not enter the cabinet.Drilling holes without complying with the requirements affects the electromagneticshielding performance of the cabinet.After drilling, clean the metal scraps immediately.Sharp ObjectsBefore you hold or carry a device, wear protective gloves to avoid getting injured by sharpedges of the device.Lifting Heavy ObjectsWhen heavy objects are being lifted, do not stand or walk under the cantilever or the liftedobject.1.1.7 Bundling Signal Cables
1 Safety1-10 HuaweiProprietary and ConfidentialCopyright © Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. Issue (01)Do not bundle signal cables with high current cables or high voltage cables.Maintain a minimum space of 150 mm between adjacent ties.1.2 Equipment Safety1.2.1 Electricity Safety1.2.2 Electrostatic Discharge1.2.3 Installing and Removing a Board1.2.4 Laying Cables1.2.1 Electricity SafetyThunderstormDuring thunderstorms, the electromagnetic field generated in the thunderstorm area maydamage the electronic parts. To prevent damage to the device during lightning, ground thedevice properly.High Electrical LeakageIf the "high electrical leakage" tag is present on the power terminal of the device, you mustground the device before powering it on.FuseIf a fuse is to be replaced, the new fuse must be of the same type and specifications.
1 SafetyIssue (01) HuaweiProprietary and ConfidentialCopyright © Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. 1-111.2.2 Electrostatic DischargeThe static electricity generated by human bodies may damage the electrostatic-sensitivecomponents on boards, for example, the large-scale integrated (LSI) circuits.Human body movement, friction between human bodies and clothes, friction between shoesand floors, or handling of plastic articles causes static electromagnetic fields on human bodies.These static electromagnetic fields cannot be eliminated until the static is discharged.To prevent electrostatic-sensitive components from being damaged by the static on humanbodies, you must wear a well-grounded ESD wrist strap when touching the device or handlingboards or application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs).Figure 1-2 shows how to wear an ESD wrist strap.Figure 1-2 Wearing an ESD wrist strap1.2.3 Installing and Removing a BoardWhen installing a board, use proper force to prevent the pins on the backplane from beingleaned.When installing or removing a board, note the following:Insert the board along the guide rails.Prevent the surface of a board from contacting the surface of another board. This is toprevent the boards from being short-circuited or scratched.
1 Safety1-12 HuaweiProprietary and ConfidentialCopyright © Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. Issue (01)To prevent electrostatic-sensitive devices from being damaged by the ESD, do not touchthe circuits, components, connectors, or connection slots on boards.1.2.4 Laying CablesWhen the temperature is very low, violent strike or vibration may damage the cable sheathing.To ensure safety, comply with the following requirements:Cables can be laid or installed only when the temperature is higher than 0 .Before laying cables which have been stored in a temperature lower than 0 , move thecables to an environment of the ambient temperature and store them at the ambienttemperature for at least 24 hours.Handle cables with caution, especially at a low temperature. Do not drop the cablesdirectly from the vehicle.1.3 Electromagnetic Field ExposureIntroductionThe Base Transceiver Station (BTS) emits Radio Frequency (RF) radiation. Follow the localsafety regulations when installing and operating the BTS to avoid radiation hazard.Guidelines on Limiting Exposure to Electromagnetic FieldsThere are a number of international regulations, standards, and guidelines for exposure toelectromagnetic fields. Some European countries have adopted the recommendation of thecouncil of the European Union (1999/519/EC), released on July 12, 1999, focusing on thehazards of exposure to electromagnetic fields. The recommendation is based on the guidelinepublished by the International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP).Location of Base Station AntennasBase station antennas, the source of the radiation, are usually mounted:On freestanding towers, with a height up to 30 mOn a tower on the top of buildingsTo the side of buildings, on rare occasionsGenerally, the antenna cannot be located in a position lower than 10 m. The energy usuallyforms a horizontal main beam and is slightly tilted downwards. The remaining energy formsinto weaker beams on both sides of the main beam. The main beam, however, does not reachthe ground if the antenna is around 50–200 m away from the ground.The highest level of emission would be expected in close vicinity of the antenna and in line ofsight to the antenna.Exclusion ZonesThe requirements for exclusion zones are as follows:The antenna should be properly located to prevent the public from accessing the areawhere the RF radiation exceeds the previously mentioned limits.
1 SafetyIssue (01) HuaweiProprietary and ConfidentialCopyright © Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. 1-13If areas with excessive RF radiation are accessible to the operation and maintenance(O&M) personnel, ensure that they know the source of radiation and can power off orshut down the transmitters before entering high radiation areas. In addition, such areasmust be confined within a distance of 10 m from the antennas.Each exclusion zone should be defined by a physical barrier and by a recognizable signwarning the public or O&M personnel.Guidelines on Choosing Antenna SitesThe guidelines on choosing the antenna sites are as follows:For roof-mounted antennas, raise the antennas above the height of the personnel whomay have to work on the rooftop.For roof-mounted antennas, keep the transmitter antennas away from the areas accessibleto the public, such as roof access points, telephone service points, and HVAC devices.For roof-mounted directional antennas, place the antennas near the periphery, and do notmake the antennas face the building.Consider the trade-off between large aperture antennas (lower maximum RF) and smallaperture antennas (lower visual impact).Keep higher-power antennas away from accessible areas.Keep the antennas in a site that is far away from urban areas, though this may contradictthe coverage area requirements.Exercise extra caution when designing co-location sites, that is, antennas owned bydifferent companies are located in the same site or are co-sited. This applies particularlyto sites that include high-power broadcast (FM/TV) antennas. Local zone often favorsco-location, but co-location may cause safety problems.Take special precautions for antenna sites near hospital and schools.Location of BTSThe BTS is shielded from RF radiation hazards. The device has been tested to comply withthe radioactive spurious emission requirements of international standards or local regulations.Therefore, the BTS under normal operating conditions does not cause danger to the public andO&M engineers. However, the limits for RF radiation might be exceeded due to faultyantenna cables or for other causes.BTS sites shall not be accessible to the public. Only authorized and trained personnel canaccess BTS sites or equipment rooms.A sign of excessive RF radiation must be present on the doors of the sites or equipmentrooms to warn the personnel inside the site or equipment room of excessive RF radiation.BTS sites must be regularly monitored and inspected after installation.Prediction of the Exposure to Electromagnetic FieldsThis section provides a theoretical approach to calculate possible exposure to electromagneticradiation around a BTS antenna. Precise statements are possible either with measurements orcomplex calculations considering the complexity of the environment, such as soil conditions,nearby buildings and other obstacles. The complexity may cause reflection, deflection, andscattering of electromagnetic fields.The maximum output power (given in EIRP) of a BTS is usually limited by license conditionsof the network operator.
1 Safety1-14 HuaweiProprietary and ConfidentialCopyright © Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. Issue (01)A rough estimation of the expected exposure in power flux density on a given point can bemade with the following equation:S = (P(W) x Gnumeric)/(4 x r²(m) x )Where,P = Maximum output power at antenna port of the BTS in WGnumeric = Numeric gain (see below)r = Distance between the antenna and the point of exposure in metersFor the calculation of the Gnumeric,Gnumeric = 10GdB/10GdB = Gantenna(dB) – Bcable(dB) – Bvertical-attenutation(dB) – Bhorizontal-attenuation(dB)B = attenuation in dB

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