Jotron Electronics A S TRON40S (See comments below) User Manual Technical Handbook

Jotron Electronics A/S (See comments below) Technical Handbook

Contents

Technical Handbook

Technical HandbookTron 40SUS version406 MHz EPIRBJOTRON electronics a.s3280 TJODALYNG, NORWAY
The information in this book has been carefully checked and is believed to be accurate.However, no responsibility is assumed for inaccuracies.ATTENTION !This equipment contains CMOS integrated circuits. Observe handling precautions to avoidstatic discharges which may damage these devices.CAUTION !Some RF semiconductor devices used in this equipment may contain Beryllium Oxide. Ifinhaled, dust from this oxide can be toxic.No danger will arise from normal handling but no attempt should be made to tamper withthese devices. On no account must these transistors be destroyed or discarded with industrialor domestic waste, but should be returned to the manufacturers for subsequent disposal.JOTRON electronics a.s reserves the right to make changes without further noticeto any products or modules described herein to improve reliability, function or design. JOTRON electronic a.s does not assume any liability arising out of the application or use of the described product.
REVISION HISTORYRevision Page VersionDateFirst edition A2000.04.03
Contents1. TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION................................................................................................................ 1-11.1 GENERAL........................................................................................................................................................1-11.2 406 MHZ TRANSMITTER .................................................................................................................................1-11.3 HOMING TRANSMITTER ...................................................................................................................................1-11.4 FB4 ................................................................................................................................................................1-22. DESCRIPTION............................................................................................................................................. 2-12.1 SYSTEM DESCRIPTION .....................................................................................................................................2-12.2 SIGNAL DETECTION .........................................................................................................................................2-12.3 DISTRESS LOCATION DETERMINATION............................................................................................................2-22.4 TRON 40S .......................................................................................................................................................2-23. GENERAL DESCRIPTION ........................................................................................................................ 3-13.1 ELECTRONIC UNIT WITH ANTENNA..................................................................................................................3-13.2 BATTERY UNIT................................................................................................................................................3-13.3 EQUATOR RING WITH GASKET. ........................................................................................................................3-14. OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS. ................................................................................................................ 4-14.1 MANUAL OPERATION ......................................................................................................................................4-14.2 AUTOMATIC OPERATION. ................................................................................................................................4-14.3 TESTING TRON 40S.........................................................................................................................................4-14.4 ERROR MESSAGES...........................................................................................................................................4-25. CHANGE OF BATTERY ............................................................................................................................ 5-16. TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION.................................................................................................................... 6-16.1 MAIN BOARD ..................................................................................................................................................6-16.2 406 MHZ SECTION..........................................................................................................................................6-16.3 121.5 MHZ SECTION.......................................................................................................................................6-16.4 MICROCONTROLLER SECTION .........................................................................................................................6-16.5 POWER SUPPLY SECTION .................................................................................................................................6-26.6 ANTENNA SECTION .........................................................................................................................................6-27. AUTOMATIC RELEASE MECHANISM ................................................................................................. 7-17.1 FLOAT FREE BRACKET FB4/FBH4 .................................................................................................................7-17.2 MOUNTING THE FB4/FBH4 ............................................................................................................................7-17.3 MOUNTING OF TRON40S IN THE FB4/FBH4...................................................................................................7-17.4 REPLACEMENT AND MOUNTING OF THE HYDROSTATIC RELEASE MECHANISM ...............................................7-18. DRAWINGS.................................................................................................................................................. 8-1
18.04.00 JOTRON electronics a.s 1-11. Technical specification1.1 GeneralDimensions: Height : 38cmMax diameter :18cmWeight : app. 2.0 kgAntenna : Built in, vertical polarisation, omnidirectional.Visual indication : Built in Xenon flash and Test LED.Operating temperature : -20ºC to +55ºC. Class2.-40ºC to +55ºC. Class1.Battery: JOTRON type number X-97780.Lithium, 4 years service life.4 pcs. SAFT LSH20 Lithium- Thionyl chloride (Li-SOCL2)Connected in series, fuses in each cell.Operating Life More than 48 hours at -20ºC.Material housing: Polycarbonate with 10% glassfibre.1.2 406 MHz transmitterFrequency: 406.025 MHz ±2ppmOutput power : 5W ± 2dBDigital Message All protocols available.Modulation : Phase modulation 1.1 ± 0.1 radData encoding : Bi Phase L.Stability : Short term : < 10 -9Medium term : <10-9Residual noise : < 3x10-9Bitrate : 400 b/s1.3 Homing transmitterFrequency : 121.500 MHz ±10ppmOutput power: 50mW ±3 dBModulation: A9 AM, sweep tone from min 300 Hz to max 1600Hz.Sweep range 700Hz.Sweep rate 2-3 Hz.
18.04.00 JOTRON electronics a.s 1-21.4 FB4/FBH4Dimensions: Height : 42cmWidth : 21cmDepth : 20cm (including beacon)Weight : app. 1.6 kg / app. 2.9kgMaterial : LURAN SHydrostatick release : Hammar H20
18.04.00 JOTRON electronics a.s 2-12. Description2.1 System descriptionThe COSPAS/SARSAT system was introduced in 1982 as a worldwide search and rescuesystem with the help of satellites covering the earth’s surface. Since the introduction of thesystem more than 3000 people have been rescued by the COSPAS/SARSAT system.Currently the system consists of 6 different satellites in a polar orbit constellation, these satellitescover the entire earth’s surface and receive the emergency signal from the 406 MHz transmitterwithin the Tron40S, more polar orbit satellites will be available in the future, giving a fasterlocation and rescue time.In addition there is currently 1 geostationary satellite which is equipped with a 406 MHztransponder, this satellite is not able to locate the Tron40S but will give an early warning to therescue forces, minimizing the time from an emergency occurs until the rescue forces are at thesite.The COSPAS/SARSAT organization will launch more geostationary satellites that cover theearth’s surface (except polar areas) in the near future (1995-2000).Each emergency beacon in the system is programmed with its own unique code, therefore it isvital that the ships data given to the dealer you obtained your Tron40S from, is correct. It is alsoimportant that the beacon is registered in the database for each country. This database isnormally located in the same country that the ship is registered.2.2 Signal detectionWhen the Tron40S is activated (manually or automatically) it transmits on the frequencies 121.5MHz and 406.025 MHz. An analog signal is emitted on 121.5 MHz and a digital signal istransmitted on 406.025 MHz.After the Tron40S is activated, the next passing satellite will detect the transmitted signal andrelay it to an antenna at a ground station, called a LUT.For the 121.5 MHz signal the satellite must be within line of sight of the Tron40S and a groundstation. The ground station or LUT has a 2500 km satellite reception radius centered at the LUT.In areas without LUT coverage (mostly southern hemisphere), signals from the 121.5 MHztransmitter will not be detected. However, this is not the case with the 406 MHz transmitter asthe satellites have a memory unit which stores the signals for relay to the next available LUTgiving it a truly global coverage.Once the signal is received by the LUT, it is processed for location and sent to a Mission ControlCenter (MCC). The MCC sorts the alert data according to geographic search and rescue regionsand distributes the information to the appropriate Rescue Coordination Center (RCC), or ifoutside the national search and rescue area, to the appropriate MCC that covers the area that thedistress signal was detected. The RCC in turn takes the necessary action to initiate search andrescue activities.
18.04.00 JOTRON electronics a.s 2-22.3 Distress Location DeterminationThe location of the distress signal is determined by taking measurements of the Doppler shift inthe beacon signal frequency received by the satellite as it approaches and then passes by theTron40S. The actual frequency is heard at the time of closest approach (TCA). Knowing theposition of the satellite and using the received Doppler signal information, it is possible todetermine the location of the Tron40S from the satellite at the TCA. At the LUT, actually twopositions are calculated. One is the actual position (A) and the other is the mirror image (B)position. A second satellite pass confirms the correct location (A). With the 406 system the realsolution can be determined on the first pass with a reliability of nearly 90% and down to anaccuracy of less than 5 km (3.1 miles).2.4 Tron 40STron40S is a float free emergency beacon intended for use with the COSPAS-SARSATsatellite system. Tron40S transmits on the frequencies 406.025 MHz and 121.5 MHz.Tron 40S can be activated automatically or manually.For automatic activation, put the beacon in the upright position into the water, and thetransmission starts when the sea water completes the circuit between the two externalelectrodes (sea water contacts).When the beacon is mounted in the automatic release mechanism, there is a safety switch inthe battery compartment that disables the seawater contacts.If submerged in water the hydrostatic release mechanism will release the beacon at a depth of2-4 meters. The transmission will start when the circuit between the seawater contacts areclosed and the beacon is out of the bracket.Tron 40S is manually activated with the main switch, and is then independent of seawatercontacts.Tron 40S may easily be released from the mounting bracket manually.
18.04.00 JOTRON electronics a.s 3-13. General descriptionTron 40S may be split into the following main parts:1. Electronic unit with antenna2. Battery unit3. Equator ring with gasket.3.1 Electronic unit with antenna.The electronic unit consists of two printed circuit boards which are mounted in the upperhousing. One is the main board and the other is the antenna board.On top of the antenna board the Xenon flash and an indicator LED is placed.The main switch is also located on the main board.The housing is made of polycarbonate.3.2 Battery unit.The housing is made of polycarbonate. In the lower part of the housing there is one reed relaywhich is activated by a magnet in the release mechanism. This is the safety switch whichprevent the seawater contacts to activate the beacon while placed in the release mechanism.There is a brass weight which gives stability while floating.The seawater contacts is also mounted in the battery unit, and is connected to the electronicunit via the battery connector.The batteries is mounted in with a plastic battery holder, and is also moulded with silicon.3.3 Equator ring with gasket.The two parts of the housing are held together by the equator ring, and is locked with a U-shaped bolt of stainless steel and a split pin. Between the two halves of the housing there is agasket made of neoprene.
18.04.00 JOTRON electronics a.s 4-14. Operating instructions.4.1 Manual operationRemove the beacon from the release mechanism.Break the seal on the main switch and pull the locking pin. Push in the tab on the main switch,and the switch will go to the Emergency (ON) position.The red indicator lamp and the Xenon flash on top of the beacon will start operating,indicating that the beacon is active.NOTE!The beacon performs a complete selftest before any emergency signals are transmitted. TheTransmitters will start after approx. 70 seconds.The transmission can be stopped by turning the switch back to the READY position, andreplacing the locking pin. Make sure the battery compartment is dry, to prevent activation ofthe seawater contacts.4.2 Automatic operation.When the beacon is removed from the release mechanism and placed into water it willautomatically activate due to the seawater contacts. Transmission will stop when the beacon islifted out of the water, and if necessary dried off.When placed in the automatic release mechanism the seawater contacts is disabled.When the mechanism is reaching a depth of 2-4 meters , the beacon will be released andtransmission will start automatically.Note! There is a time delay of approx. 10 seconds of activation/deactivation with theseawater contacts.4.3 Testing Tron 40STo perform the selftest the beacon has to be removed from the release mechanism.Turn the switch to the «TEST» position. The red indicator will start flashing for approx. 15sec. This is to allow the internal OCXO (Oven Controlled Reference Oscillator) to warmup.Then the output power of both transmitters are checked, the battery voltage and the PLL of the406 transmitter.A complete message on the 406 frequency is transmitted, with inverted frame sync.If all tests are passed there will be one flash in the Xenon bulb, and the red indicator light willturn on and stay on until the switch is released.
18.04.00 JOTRON electronics a.s 4-2A successful test will then consist of a series of rapid flashes in the test indicator , followed byone Xenon flash and continuos light in the test indicator.Any other behaviour indicates a fault in the beacon.4.4 Error messagesIf the selftest detects a fault in the beacon on or more of the following indications are shown :1. Flashing LED for 15 sec. followed by one (1) flash , no Xenon flash : Low power on 406 MHz transmitter 2. Flashing LED for 15 sec. followed by two (2) flashes, no Xenon flash : Low battery voltage. 3. Flashing LED for 15 sec. followed by three (3) flashes , no Xenon flash : Low power on 121.5 MHz transmitter 4. Flashing LED for 15 sec. followed by four (4) flash , no Xenon flash : PLL on 406 transmitter out of lock. 5. Five (5) flashes , no Xenon flash:Beacon not programmed or programming not complete.
18.04.00 JOTRON electronics a.s 5-15. Change of batteryThe lower part of the beacon of the housing is replaced with a new one.1. Remove split pin and pull the U-shaped bolt from the equator ring.2. Remove the equator belt by pressing it out from the housing.3. Separate the two parts of the housing.4. Unplug the battery connector.5. Check that the new battery is marked with date of expiration.6. Place the new gasket on the battery housing.7. Connect the battery connector.8. Replace the upper part, taking care that the gasket is correctly fitted and taking note of theorientation marks on the two housings.9. Replace the equator ring, U-shaped bolt and split pin.10. Perform a Selftest.
18.04.00 JOTRON electronics a.s 6-16. Technical description6.1 Main boardThe main board can be divided into the following groups :1. 406 MHz section2. 121.5MHz section3. Microcontroller section4. Powersupply section5. Antenna section6.2 406 MHz section.The 406 transmitter consists of VCO (Q101), buffer amplifier (Q102) and power amplifier(Q103). The output power is 5W. The supply voltage is regulated and switched in the powersupply section.The output frequency is controlled by a PLL circuit (IC203), prescaler (IC204) and referenceoscillator (IC205).Modulation is applied to the reference signal by pulling the reference signals phase.6.3 121.5 MHz section.The 121.5MHz transmitter is Xtal controlled. The output power is approx. 200mW PEP. Theoutput power is controlled by IC301 which senses the current in the output stage. The outputsignal is fed into the antenna via the matching network consisting of L308 and L307. 406MHz signal is fed directly to the same antenna via pin diode D809. This diode is reversebiased when transmitting on 121.5MHz., by rectifying and inverting the modulationsignal(D306).6.4 Microcontroller sectionThis section consists of a microcontroller (IC401), EEPROM (IC402) for storing ofprogramming data, a DIL switch, and an I/R interface for programming.The DIL switch has the following function :1. VHF modulation on/off2. UHF repetition rate normal/fast3. UHF on/off4. VHF on/off
18.04.00 JOTRON electronics a.s 6-26.5 Power supply sectionThe main switch controls Q503 via reed relays Rel501, Rel502 and Rel503. The seawatercircuit (IC503) is supplied from a separate reed in the battery compartment, to prevent it fromworking when placed in the bracket.IC502 is the 5V main voltage regulator for the microcontroller. It is also reference voltage forthe 406 supply witch/regulator.The circuit to prevent continuos transmission on 406MHz consist of R512, C503, IC501B andQ504. If the transmission length exceeds a few seconds, Q504 is biased and the fuse F501 willbe blown.6.6 Antenna sectionThe antenna board is the actual antenna. It behaves as a quarter wave on 406 MHz. It ismatched to 121.5 MHz as described in 121.5 MHz section.The high voltage converter to the Xenon flash is also located on the antenna board. TheXenon bulb and test indicator (LED) is placed at the upper end of the antenna board.
18.04.00 JOTRON electronics a.s 7-17. Automatic Release Mechanism7.1 Float Free Bracket FB4/FBH4When the Tron40S is mounted in the FB4/FBH4 release mechanism, it operates as a float freeautomatic unit.Therefore it is important that the bracket is mounted in a place where there are no obstructionsthat can endanger the automatic release of the beacon.The location where the bracket is mounted should be as high as possible on the vessel,protected from environmental conditions such as direct sea spray, chemicals, oil, exhaust andvibrations. The location must also be easily accessible for testing and maintenance.7.2 Mounting the FB4/FBH4Bolt the unit to the vessel using the mounting holes.The Float Free Bracket FBH4 must be connected to the fixed installation (230V AC, 10A)through the termostate connection box according to the connection diagram.CONNECTION DIAGRAM230 V AC, 10 AHEATING ELEMENTThermostat7.3 Mounting of Tron40S in the FB4/FBH4Place the lower part of Tron40S on the grip in the bracket. Then push the beacon into thebracket and fold the clamp over the upper part. Place the retaining rod into the correspondingholes in the clamp and the plastic bolt.Replace the locking pin.7.4 Replacement and mounting of the Hydrostatic Release Mechanism• While holding the Tron 40S in its place, pull out the locking pin on clamp on the top of thebracket.• Fold the clamp away.• Lift the Tron 40S out of the bracket.• Now the H20 unit is accessible. Unscrew the plastic bolt and remove the unit.• Replace the old unit with a new one . Screw the new plastic bolt on. Make sure the distancepiece is in place on the plastic bolt.• Mount the Tron 40S as described earlier.
18.04.00 JOTRON electronics a.s 8-18. DrawingsMain Board :Circuit diagrams: E-92716-1E-92716-2E-92716-3E-92716-4E-92716-5Component Layout KP-92716-1KP-92716-2Antenna Board :Circuit diagrams: E-92718Component layout KP-92718-1KP-92718-2Battery unit: E-97780Outline drawing: Tron40S in FB4
18.04.00 JOTRON electronics a.s 8-2Outline drawings FB4/FBH4
18.04.00 JOTRON electronics a.s 8-3

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