L3 Fuzing and Ordnance Systems 25STW4100-029 2.4GHz Wifi Module User Manual 72126853 Manual Coverx
L-3 Communications CyTerra Corporation 2.4GHz Wifi Module 72126853 Manual Coverx
Manual
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| Document ID | 3604263 |
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| Document Description | Manual |
| Short Term Confidential | No |
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| Document Type | User Manual |
| Display Format | Adobe Acrobat PDF - pdf |
| Filesize | 468.12kB (5851467 bits) |
| Date Submitted | 2017-10-13 00:00:00 |
| Date Available | 2017-10-13 00:00:00 |
| Creation Date | 2017-10-09 14:08:17 |
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| Document Lastmod | 2017-10-09 14:11:34 |
| Document Title | Microsoft Word - 72126853 - Manual Cover.docx |
| Document Creator | Microsoft Word - 72126853 - Manual Cover.docx |
| Document Author: | geris-je |
Certification Exhibit FCC ID: YKD-25STW4100-029 FCC Rule Part: 15.247 TÜV SÜD Project Number: 72126853 Manufacturer: L3 Communications, CyTerra Division Model: HF-A11-SMT-0 Manual 3998 FAU Blvd., Suite 310, Boca Raton, FL 33431 Phone: (561) 961-5585 RANGE-R2D OPERATION &TRAINING MANUAL CyTerra 10/9/2017 Approved for Public Release 20 October 2015 by U.S. Army Project Manager I2WD FCC Required Information • Warning: Changes or modifications to this device not expressly approved by L-3 CyTerra could void the user’s authority to operate the equipment • NOTE: This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential installation. This equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. However, there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation. If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or television reception, which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on, the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures: – – – – • Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna. Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver. Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is connected. Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for help. This equipment complies with radiation exposure limits set forth for an uncontrolled environment. This equipment is in direct contact with the body of the user under normal operating conditions. This transmitter must not be co-located or operating in conjunction with any other antenna or transmitter. CyTerra 10/9/2017 Approved for Public Release 20 October 2015 by U.S. Army Project Manager I2WD LESSON 1 Description and Capabilities CyTerra 10/9/2017 Approved for Public Release 20 October 2015 by U.S. Army Project Manager I2WD INSTRUCTION POINTS • The RANGE-R2D system is a portable, handheld, battery-operated system designed to detect moving and near-stationary targets through walls constructed of common building materials. • The system is comprised of a stepped-frequency, continuous-wave radar transceiver, digital signal processor, display and power supply electronics enclosed in a rugged, water-resistant, lightweight plastic housing. • The operator controls consist solely of the two momentary push-button switches located on the sides of the system. • The graphics display on the front of the system presents target detection information and system status. • The display is easy to use, alerts are simple to interpret, and detection is nearly immediate. CyTerra 10/9/2017 Approved for Public Release 20 October 2015 by U.S. Army Project Manager I2WD GENERAL The RANGE-R2D is lightweight and compact. It is designed to detect moving and near stationary objects through walls constructed of common building materials. CyTerra 10/9/2017 Approved for Public Release 20 October 2015 by U.S. Army Project Manager I2WD MECHANICAL DATA Item Weight RANGE-R2D Unit 3 lbs (1.36 kg) Storage Container 6.1 lbs (2.77 kg) 11” 4” Item Dimensions RANGER2D Unit 10”x3.6”x3.9” (25.4cm x 9.14cm x 9.91cm) Storage Container 16.3”x12.8”x6.8” (41.4cm x 32.51cm x 17.27cm) 4” CyTerra 10/9/2017 Approved for Public Release 20 October 2015 by U.S. Army Project Manager I2WD INSTRUCTION POINTS • The major components are as follows: • Rotational View LCD– displays target information. The display will rotate to match the long axis of system orientation. THIS WILL NOT WORK WITH THE SYSTEM WITH THE LONG AXIS ORIENTED VERTICALLY. • Scan Buttons (X2) – to perform all system operations. Scan Buttons will also rotate to match the LCD screen. • Battery Lid – secures the battery compartment, keeps moisture away from the batteries. • Rearward Antenna – helps reduce false alarm rate, The Operator should NEVER cover this antenna. • Receive Antenna – receives radar waves sent from the transmit antenna • Transmit Antenna – transmits radar waves to locate targets. CyTerra 10/9/2017 Approved for Public Release 20 October 2015 by U.S. Army Project Manager I2WD MAJOR COMPONENTS Rearward Looking Receive Antenna Receive Antenna Rotational View LCD Scan Button Scan Button Transmit Antenna Scan Button Battery Lid Top Left View 10/9/2017 Bumpers removed for Clarity Scan Button Bottom Right View CyTerra Approved for Public Release 20 October 2015 by U.S. Army Project Manager I2WD INSTRUCTION POINTS • The rearward looking antenna faces the operator and helps reduce the influence of the operator and other “friendly” movers that could otherwise appear as targets on the readout display. • The rearward antenna should never be blocked during operation. • Avoid blocking the rearward antenna when stabilizing the system. • For both left- and right-handed use, the operator’s hand will cover the battery compartment. • If possible the operator should hold the sensor in the prone position without blocking the line of site for the rear antenna. Stabilize the sensor at eye level for best results. • Keep operator movement to a minimum. CyTerra 10/9/2017 Approved for Public Release 20 October 2015 by U.S. Army Project Manager I2WD REARWARD LOOKING ANTENNA Used to help reduce false alarms caused by the operator and or people around the operator. DO NOT BLOCK the rearward looking antenna with your non-operating hand when trying to stabilize the system. Hold the system at eye level when operating. Operating hand will cover the battery compartment. CyTerra 10/9/2017 Approved for Public Release 20 October 2015 by U.S. Army Project Manager I2WD 10 INSTRUCTION POINTS • • • • • • • • • • Battery Indicator: Represents battery life of the system Target Indicator: The red square indicates one target. The red square will also indicate more than one target in an area if they are close to each other. Track Indicator: Represents a detected target’s last position Over-temp Indicator: System has reached an internal temperature of 80 degrees Celsius and will shut off at 85 degrees Celsius. Operator Movement Indicator: Informs the operator that excessive movement of the system could be affecting the systems performance. Excessive Backside Movement Indicator: Lets the operator know there is too much movement behind the system for it to work properly. Target Display Grid: Displays all target information (in meters) Horizontal Red Lines on the Display: The first two walls detected by the system. Only 2 can be shown at a time. Number of Targets Indicator: Displays the total number of targets detected as a numeric value. Field of view lines: Displays the area of detection the system is currently scanning in. NOTE: FOV off if wall coupled, FOV on if standoff. CyTerra 10/9/2017 Approved for Public Release 20 October 2015 by U.S. Army Project Manager I2WD 11 LCD SCREEN LAYOUT – Indoor/Against Wall Use Target indicators Battery indicator Target display grid 25 Target 20 Multitarget Field of view indicators Track 15 ### 10 Wall as seen by the system BACK MOTION Display Is in Meters 10 10 Track indicator Brightness level/ Over-temp Mover & Breather Processing Status Number of detected targets Operator movement indicator/ Excessive backside motion CyTerra 10/9/2017 Approved for Public Release 20 October 2015 by U.S. Army Project Manager I2WD 12 INSTRUCTION POINTS • The system transmits radar waves into the target area. • All solid objects in that area reflect the waves. • The system receives these reflected waves, processes the return, and analyzes the data using principles of Doppler radar to detect moving objects and identify possible targets. CyTerra 10/9/2017 Approved for Public Release 20 October 2015 by U.S. Army Project Manager I2WD 13 THEORY OF OPERATION Radar waves are transmitted into the target area. The radar waves are then reflected by solid objects. The system detects these reflected waves, analyzes them, and interprets them on the LCD. The sensor can be placed against the wall or from standoff. 25 meters 10/9/2017 Approved for Public Release 20 October 2015 by U.S. Army Project Manager I2WD CyTerra 14 INSTRUCTION POINTS • Relative motion is the changing distance between two objects. In other words, it is the relative speed between these objects. • A radar signal reflected off a stationary object (no relative motion) would return at the same frequency as it was transmitted. • When the target is approaching or moving towards the transmitter, the radar signal reflected off the object will be compressed and the returned frequency will be higher than the frequency that was transmitted. • Conversely, a radar signal reflected off an object moving away from the transmitter/receiver will be stretched. • The reflected (returned) signal will be of a lower frequency than the transmitted signal. CyTerra 10/9/2017 Approved for Public Release 20 October 2015 by U.S. Army Project Manager I2WD 15 DOPPLER EFFECT Radar waves reflected from a stationary target will remain constant. Radar waves reflected from a moving object will be compressed if the object is approaching or stretched if the object is receding. CyTerra 10/9/2017 Approved for Public Release 20 October 2015 by U.S. Army Project Manager I2WD 16 DOPPLER EFFECT Each movement from the target will have an effect on the Doppler. These movements will be detected by the system and displayed on the LCD. •Breathing •Limb Movement • Unintentional MicroMovements CyTerra 10/9/2017 Approved for Public Release 20 October 2015 by U.S. Army Project Manager I2WD 17 INSTRUCTION POINTS • The RANGE-R2D detects targets up to a range of 25 m from the sensor. • The RANGE-R2D senses motion through non-metallic walls and barriers of different materials such as drywall, adobe, cinderblock, and rebar reinforced concrete. It has been tested through walls up to 12” thick, but may not be limited to this material depth dependent upon composition and density. • The system is water resistant up to 4 feet for 30 minutes. The system would have to be held underwater to stay submerged, otherwise it would float. CyTerra 10/9/2017 Approved for Public Release 20 October 2015 by U.S. Army Project Manager I2WD 18 CAPABILITIES Function Performance Max effective range 25 meters (from sensor) Minimum mobile target acquisition time 5 seconds Minimum stationary target* acquisition time 30 seconds Accuracy 2 meters in range or cross range Field of View +/-80° from center (open air) Water resistant 4 feet for 30 minutes * A target that exhibits activity but does not change position CyTerra 10/9/2017 Approved for Public Release 20 October 2015 by U.S. Army Project Manager I2WD 19 CAPABILITIES Standing (min move) Detect Time ≈ 30 Sec Prone Detect Time ≈ 30 Sec Detect Time ≈ 15 Sec Seated (min move) Detect Time ≈ 5 Sec Seated (moving) Moving CyTerra 10/9/2017 Approved for Public Release 20 October 2015 by U.S. Army Project Manager I2WD 20 LESSON 2 Operation CyTerra 10/9/2017 Approved for Public Release 20 October 2015 by U.S. Army Project Manager I2WD 21 INSTRUCTION POINTS • • • • • • • Prior to operation, batteries need to be installed into the RANGE-R2D system. The RANGE-R2D is designed to operate on eight standard “AA” sized 1.5v lithium batteries. Alkaline AA, and 1.5v Nickel Metal Hydride AA batteries can be used in the system, but will not give you maximum performance from the system. Failure to install the batteries properly will cause the system to malfunction. To install the batteries, remove the battery door by unscrewing the thumbscrew located at the top of the unit. Insert all batteries as the diagram inside the case states. Replace the battery cover and secure it by hand tightening the thumbscrews. Do not mix the types of batteries that are in the system at one time. CyTerra 10/9/2017 Approved for Public Release 20 October 2015 by U.S. Army Project Manager I2WD 22 BATTERY INSTALLATION Functional Batteries (in order of performance) 1.5v Lithium (L-91) 1.5v Nickel Metal Hydride Alkaline WARNING Installing the batteries incorrectly will cause the system to malfunction. DO NOT MIX BATTERY TYPES!! Note: Bumpers removed for clarity CyTerra 10/9/2017 Approved for Public Release 20 October 2015 by U.S. Army Project Manager I2WD 23 BATTERY COMPATIBILTY/PERFORMANCE Battery Type (“AA” Size x 8) Operational Condition (On/Off Cycle) Battery Life vs. Temp -20°C (-4°F) 25°C (77°F) 50°C (122°F) Lithium 30 sec/3 min 9.1 hrs 11.7 hrs 12.75 hrs NiMH 30 sec/3 min 6.5 hrs 6.6 hrs 8.3 hrs Alkaline 30 sec/3 min 0.25 hrs 3.1 hrs 5.8 hrs Lithium 1 min/6 min 9 hrs 11.6 hrs 13 hrs NiMH 1 min/6 min 8.25 hrs 8.5 hrs 8.75 hrs Alkaline 1 min/6 min 0.33 hrs 2.8 hrs 5.5 hrs Lithium Continuous 1.2 hrs 1.5 hrs 1.4 hrs NiMH Continuous 0.9 hrs 1.25 hrs 1.25 hrs Alkaline Continuous 1 min 24 min 37 min CyTerra 10/9/2017 Approved for Public Release 20 October 2015 by U.S. Army Project Manager I2WD 24 INSTRUCTION POINTS • Operator controls consist solely of the two momentary push button switches referred to as scan buttons located on the sides of the system. • These two buttons perform the several functions: they power on the system, power off the system, adjust the brightness, and navigate the user interface. • The sensor contains an inertial measurement unit that automatically detects the orientation of the sensor for single button specific functions. CyTerra 10/9/2017 Approved for Public Release 20 October 2015 by U.S. Army Project Manager I2WD 25 CONTROL SEQUENCE Function Sequence Power-On Press and release both Scan Buttons. Sensor will boot to Menu Mode. Power-Off Press and hold both Scan Buttons for 3 seconds. Brightness Control In the Main Menu select brightness and press either up or down to brighten or dim the display. Zoom Selection In Scan Mode, press the bottom Scan button to zoom in. Main Menu Press and release both Scan Buttons while in Scan Mode. Cycle Menu Options Press the bottom Scan Button while in Menu Mode. Select Menu Option Press the top Scan Button while the selection is highlighted. Scan Mode Press and release both Scan Buttons from any other mode or menu. CyTerra 10/9/2017 Approved for Public Release 20 October 2015 by U.S. Army Project Manager I2WD 26 INSTRUCTION POINTS • With batteries installed, aim the system in the desired direction (either against a wall or in stand off) and press and release the two scan buttons. • Tracking of moving targets will start in a minimum of three seconds. CyTerra 10/9/2017 Approved for Public Release 20 October 2015 by U.S. Army Project Manager I2WD 27 HOLDING THE SYSTEM Wall Coupled Use: • Select Wall Mode • Thumb and index finger operating scan buttons • Palm covering battery compartment • Hold at eye level • DO NOT COVER OR BLOCK REARWARD LOOKING ANTENNA! • DO NOT COVER OR BLOCK FORWARD LOOKING ANTENNAS! Stand Off Use: •Mount sensor on tripod or monopod •Select Standoff Mode •DO NOT COVER OR BLOCK REARWARD LOOKING ANTENNA! • DO NOT COVER OR BLOCK FORWARD LOOKING ANTENNAS! CyTerra 10/9/2017 Approved for Public Release 20 October 2015 by U.S. Army Project Manager I2WD 28 SYSTEM INITIALIZATION WARNING Do not block rearward antenna while scanning. Once the system is in the desired position (flush to the wall or aimed at the target structure), depress and release the Scan Buttons Note: Bumpers removed for clarity WALL COUPLING Wall Mode is selected in the menu screen and utilizes a 180 degree FOV. The first wall always appears at the “0 line” when the system is set to Wall mode, whether the system is against a wall or not. CyTerra 10/9/2017 Approved for Public Release 20 October 2015 by U.S. Army Project Manager I2WD 30 SCAN TIMES Factors to Consider When Gauging Scan Time •The minimum amount of time to detect a stationary target (standing person) is six seconds. • There is a 2.5 second delay between the real movement and the displayed results. The object is displayed where it was 2.5 seconds ago. • Objects must be separated by at least 2 meters to be displayed as separate targets. A 30 second scan time is recommended before moving to a new scanning position. CyTerra 10/9/2017 Approved for Public Release 20 October 2015 by U.S. Army Project Manager I2WD 31 CAPABILITIES Standing (min move) Detect Time ≈ 30 Sec Prone Detect Time ≈ 30 Sec Detect Time ≈ 15 Sec Seated (min move) Detect Time ≈ 5 Sec Seated (moving) Moving CyTerra 10/9/2017 Approved for Public Release 20 October 2015 by U.S. Army Project Manager I2WD 32 INSTRUCTION POINTS Brightness Adjustment • The brightness level of the display is adjustable via a menu selection. • To increase the brightness, select up and press the top scan button. • To decrease the brightness, select down and press the top scan button. • Orientation of the system does not affect the button use. Zoom Feature and Adjustment • The Zoom feature can only be accessed while in the Scan Mode. The top and bottom scan buttons also control this function. • The scan buttons allow the operator to zoom in or zoom out. • Warning: The unit must settle for approximately 3-5 seconds after scanning has started for the Zoom feature to work. CyTerra 10/9/2017 Approved for Public Release 20 October 2015 by U.S. Army Project Manager I2WD 33 ADJUSTING SCREEN BRIGHTNESS The brightness level is adjusted on the menu screen. The operator Selects “up” or “down” to adjust the brightness of the screen. CyTerra 10/9/2017 Approved for Public Release 20 October 2015 by U.S. Army Project Manager I2WD 34 INSTRUCTION POINTS • By using the correct button sequence, the operator can navigate through the four different menus . This allows the operator to customize the use of the system. Once again, the Scan Buttons are used to navigate the menus and make selections. The menus include the Main Menu, Standoff, Wifi, Shutdown Timeout, Target Limit Select, Brightness and Status. • Main Menu- allows operator to choose the other menu screens – Note: Selection of Wall Mode or Standoff Mode is made on the Main Menu page. Field of View (FOV) automatically changes to 180 (Wall Mode) or 90 (Standoff) with this mode selection. Wifi on or off it the unit is a Range-R2D Link • Target Limit Select- allows operator to limit the number of targets to be displayed. Choices are 1, 2, 3, no limit. • Shutdown Timeout- allows operator to select the time the system will stay on without further button actuation • Brightness – allows the operator to brighten or dim the display • Status- shows system information CyTerra 10/9/2017 Approved for Public Release 20 October 2015 by U.S. Army Project Manager I2WD 35 MENU NAVIGATION • Press and release Scan Buttons to enter menu mode. • Press and release the lower button to scroll through menu choices. • Press and release the top button to make the selection. • Currently selected options are noted by the * • The example below shows selection of Shutdown Timeout MAIN MENU ---------------WALL WALL MODE MODE 180 FOV 90 TARGET LIMIT SHUTDOWN SHUTDOWN TIMEOUT TIMEOUT BRIGHTNESS STATUS SHUTDOWN TIMEOUT ---------------BACK BACK NO NO TIMEOUT TIMEOUT MINUTES* 55 MINUTES* 10 10 MINUTES MINUTES This selection controls how long the system will scan before returning to standby mode. CyTerra 10/9/2017 Approved for Public Release 20 October 2015 by U.S. Army Project Manager I2WD 36 DISPLAY ZOOM • The system allows changing the display to focus on an area smaller than the default 25m range and azimuth. Momentarily depressing the bottom button while in scan mode changes to the 10m x 10m display, pressing it again gives a 5m x 5m display. • Depressing the upper button changes back to 10m x 10m, and again changes back to the default display. • Switching from scan back to standby restores the default display. • When in zoom mode, the display background changes to yellow to alert the operator, and red arrows along the border of the display indicate targets that are within the range of the sensor, but beyond the selected display range. CyTerra 10/9/2017 Approved for Public Release 20 October 2015 by U.S. Army Project Manager I2WD 37 10m x 10m DISPLAY ZOOM Off Display Target Indicator 10 Target Off Display Target Indicator Track ### CyTerra 10/9/2017 Approved for Public Release 20 October 2015 by U.S. Army Project Manager I2WD 38 5m x 5m DISPLAY ZOOM Off Display Target Indicator Target Off Display Target Indicator Track ### CyTerra 10/9/2017 Approved for Public Release 20 October 2015 by U.S. Army Project Manager I2WD 39 INSTRUCTION POINTS • Whenever the system is not functioning properly, yet is still able to boot up, the message “RETURN TO DEPOT” will appear. • If this happens, shutdown the system, wait 10 seconds, and restart the system. • Ensure the batteries are fully charged and installed properly. • If the “RETURN TO DEPOT” message occurs again, the operator should have the system serviced as soon as possible. CyTerra 10/9/2017 Approved for Public Release 20 October 2015 by U.S. Army Project Manager I2WD 40 SYSTEM FAULT RETURN TO DEPOT •Shut down the sensor •Power on the sensor •If problem continues send for maintenance CyTerra 10/9/2017 Approved for Public Release 20 October 2015 by U.S. Army Project Manager I2WD 41 INSTRUCTION POINTS • • • • • Wall blockage occurs when a large reflective object obscures the view of the target area. The reflective abject may be within the wall itself or in close proximity to the wall. The RANGE-R2D sensor alerts the operator if such a condition exists. Since it is possible that the transmit signal is being blocked and not reaching potential targets, target detection is not possible when blockage is detected. While operating in Scan Mode and with blockage detected, the word “Blocked” will be displayed. If this occurs, the operator should move to a different spot on the wall and try again. In some situations, a blockage alert indication may not occur even though the signal is blocked. One such blockage could manifest if the system is held up directly against a metal door or wall. In this situation, the transmit signal is completely blocked and little to no energy reaches the receive antenna. Because the power threshold for a blockage signal will not be exceeded, no alert is generated. Another scenario occurs when the wall material is highly absorptive. Here, signal returns from the obscuring object are greatly reduced by losses in the wall. The power threshold for a blockage signal is not exceeded and no alert is generated. CyTerra 10/9/2017 Approved for Public Release 20 October 2015 by U.S. Army Project Manager I2WD 42 FRONT BLOCKED FRONT BLOCKED •Attempt to scan in a different area •Consider construction materials •Saturated, porous materials •Metal CyTerra 10/9/2017 Approved for Public Release 20 October 2015 by U.S. Army Project Manager I2WD 43 INSTRUCTION POINTS • There may also be cases where the system is receiving outside interference causing it not to function as intended. In this case, the message “JAMMED” will appear on the screen letting the operator know there is a problem. • While operating in Scan Mode and with strong interference detected, the display will show the message “JAMMED”. Move to a different spot on the wall where the interference may be lower. If the “JAMMED” indication persists, the system cannot be used until the interference source ceases operation. • Multiple systems working in close proximity may cause the system to display the “JAMMED” message. CyTerra 10/9/2017 Approved for Public Release 20 October 2015 by U.S. Army Project Manager I2WD 44 JAMMED JAMMED •Outside interference is preventing scanning •Consider other equipment being used by your unit •Consider equipment being used by adjacent units •Consider enemy/local capabilities •Multiple systems working near each other 10/9/2017 Approved for Public Release 20 October 2015 by U.S. Army Project Manager I2WD CyTerra 45 INSTRUCTION POINTS • Describe the different Battery Status Indicators • FULL BATTERY – The battery voltage is sufficient to provide full operational performance. • LOW BATTERY CAUTION – The battery voltage is beginning to get low, but will continue to function normally. The operator should consider replacing the batteries when only 2 bars are illuminated. • LOW BATTERY WARNING (Flashing) – The battery voltage is too low to continue operation. The operator must replace the batteries. The sensor will shut down 30 seconds after the flashing starts. CyTerra 10/9/2017 Approved for Public Release 20 October 2015 by U.S. Army Project Manager I2WD 46 BATTERY STATUS INDICATORS FULL BATTERY – The battery voltage is sufficient to provide full operational performance. LOW BATTERY CAUTION – The battery voltage is beginning to get low, but will continue to function normally. The operator should consider replacing the batteries when only 2 bars are illuminated. LOW BATTERY WARNING) – The battery voltage is too low to continue operation. The operator must replace the batteries. Icon goes red with 30 minutes of battery life, flashed at 30 seconds of life. The system will shut down after 30 seconds. CyTerra 10/9/2017 Approved for Public Release 20 October 2015 by U.S. Army Project Manager I2WD 47 LESSON 3 Factors Affecting Detection CyTerra 10/9/2017 Approved for Public Release 20 October 2015 by U.S. Army Project Manager I2WD 48 USING A MOTION DETECTOR The purpose of this section is to make the user aware of phenomena that can affect the performance of radar based sensors in general, and phenomena that can affect the RANGE-R2D specifically. These phenomena do not affect every usage of the sensor or every venue where it may be used, but they are factors the operator needs to be aware of to maximize the effectiveness of the system. CyTerra 10/9/2017 Approved for Public Release 20 October 2015 by U.S. Army Project Manager I2WD 49 USING A MOTION DETECTOR Factors that can cause unwanted detections (False Alerts) This is a motion detector. It will pick up the movement of any object. This includes but is not limited to: •Animals •Friendly personnel (in front or behind the operator) The system target acquisition algorithm is designed to negate the following, but these items may still appear as targets: •The movement of trees and foliage caused by the wind •Oscillating fans (inconsistent circular patterns) •Vibrating equipment (duct work, compressors, etc) Any of these moving objects, and others, may appear as targets on the display. There is no way for the operator to determine this “clutter” from an actual target. CyTerra 10/9/2017 Approved for Public Release 20 October 2015 by U.S. Army Project Manager I2WD 50 USING A MOTION DETECTOR Factors that can cause missed detections Environmental factors can create a “noisy” Doppler environment and can make it more difficult for the sensor to detect the targets of interest: •Ceiling fans can create a Doppler signal in their immediate vicinity of greater strength than that of a stationary target, potentially causing the target of interest in the same immediate vicinity to not be detected. • RANGE-R2D looks for the unique ceiling fan signature and alerts the operator that it’s present, indicates its location, and shows the estimated area where detection may be affected as a shadowed area on the display. • Fluorescent lighting also creates a strong Doppler signature that can have an effect more so on moving targets, if their movement speed aligns with a Doppler frequency given off by the lights. • RANGE-R2D looks for the signature emitted, and alerts the operator to ensure they are aware reduced detection performance may occur. CyTerra 10/9/2017 Approved for Public Release 20 October 2015 by U.S. Army Project Manager I2WD 51 INSTRUCTION POINTS • Radar will not penetrate metallic surfaces. Should you try to scan over a metallic surface the “Blocked” screen appears. In this instance you should attempt to rescan in an attempt to find a less metallic area. • Metal plate is the most likely to give you problems. • The sensor will be able to “see” through rebar reinforced concrete. CyTerra 10/9/2017 Approved for Public Release 20 October 2015 by U.S. Army Project Manager I2WD 52 BUILDING MATERIALS FRONT BLOCKED Metallic Surfaces and Objects • Sensor can not penetrate metal surfaces • Move sensor and attempt to rescan • Metallic surfaces behind nonmetallic surfaces could also block the system (refrigerator, file cabinet). CyTerra 10/9/2017 Approved for Public Release 20 October 2015 by U.S. Army Project Manager I2WD 53 UNDETECTED FRONT BLOCK Refrigerator/filing cabinets Unseen obstructions • Metal objects behind the wall can block the signal from the radar. • Because there is space between the system and the metal, the blocked warning may not be detected. CyTerra 10/9/2017 Approved for Public Release 20 October 2015 by U.S. Army Project Manager I2WD 54 BUILDING MATERIALS Concrete Block The spaces in concrete block walls can cause some reduction in detection ability Scanning with the system between two blocks may reduce the effectiveness of the system. Attempt to scan with the system over one block only. CyTerra 10/9/2017 Approved for Public Release 20 October 2015 by U.S. Army Project Manager I2WD 55 BUILDING MATERIALS Moisture content of the structure being scanned will affect the systems ability to “see” through the walls. If the surface is saturated, the system may not be able to detect targets at all. The amount of moisture will affect the systems detection capability. The more moisture present, the less detection capability is available. CyTerra 10/9/2017 Approved for Public Release 20 October 2015 by U.S. Army Project Manager I2WD 56 OPERATOR INDUCED ERRORS When scanning against the wall, ensure that system is flush to the surface being scanned and being held to eye level. Begin scanning only after you have set the system in place. CyTerra 10/9/2017 Approved for Public Release 20 October 2015 by U.S. Army Project Manager I2WD 57 OPERATOR INDUCED ERRORS As the operator you can diminish the systems ability to detect objects. The system should be held so the operator’s hands do not interfere with any of the system’s antennas. RANGE-R2D Bumpers removed for clarity Do not block the rearward looking antenna. Do not block the front looking antennas. CyTerra 10/9/2017 Approved for Public Release 20 October 2015 by U.S. Army Project Manager I2WD 58 INSTRUCTION POINTS • Movement from the operator, teammates, and the operator moving the sensor itself can all affect what is/isn’t detected by the system. The movement indicator on the bottom right corner of the LCD lets the operator know if he/she is moving the sensor enough to affect detection. • The sensor should be kept as still as possible when scanning. • As mentioned earlier DO NOT BLOCK THE REARWARD FACING ANTENNA when trying to stabilize the system. CyTerra 10/9/2017 Approved for Public Release 20 October 2015 by U.S. Army Project Manager I2WD 59 INSTRUCTION POINTS • The sensor will also indicate areas of possible reduced detection by showing those areas as shaded on the display. Area of Reduced Detection CyTerra 10/9/2017 Approved for Public Release 20 October 2015 by U.S. Army Project Manager I2WD 60 INSTRUCTION POINTS • The movement from ceiling fans can cause the noise level the radar sees to be too high for stationary target detection in the area under and adjacent to the fan. The RANGE-R2D can detect the unique signature of a ceiling fan and will show the operator where it’s located so they can be aware of the area of reduced detection. Area of Reduced Detection CyTerra 10/9/2017 Approved for Public Release 20 October 2015 by U.S. Army Project Manager I2WD 61 INSTRUCTION POINTS • The movement from ceiling fans can cause the noise level the radar sees to be too high for stationary target detection in the area under and adjacent to the fan. The RANGE-R2D can detect the unique signature of a ceiling fan and will show the operator where it’s located so they can be aware of the area of reduced detection. 25 Target 20 Track 15 Area of Reduced Detection ### 10 10 10/9/2017 10 Approved for Public Release 20 October 2015 by U.S. Army Project Manager I2WD CyTerra 62 INSTRUCTION POINTS • The electronic signature emitted by fluorescent lighting can cause areas of reduced detection. The RANGE-R2D can detect the unique signature of fluorescent lights and it alerts the operator that it’s present and detection may be reduced. 25 Target 20 Track 15 ### 10 FLUOR 10 10/9/2017 10 Approved for Public Release 20 October 2015 by U.S. Army Project Manager I2WD CyTerra 63 OPERATOR INDUCED ERRORS Operators Effect on the System: The operator should remain as still as possible. This is especially important when the sensor is being used in standoff from a wall. The system will display no new information while the Operator Movement Indicator is displayed. If the Operator Movement Indicator appears, first attempt to stabilize the system. If the indicator persists, attempt to rescan. Operator Movement Indicator CyTerra 10/9/2017 Approved for Public Release 20 October 2015 by U.S. Army Project Manager I2WD 64 INSTRUCTION POINTS • Part of the radar energy emitted by the sensor penetrates the building and part reflects off the building back in the direction of the sensor. • The energy reflected off the building can reflect off moving objects behind the sensor and back to the sensor in a path makes movement behind the sensor look like it is actually in front of it. • If the movement behind the sensor is at the same range as the target inside the building is from the first wall of the building, this energy competes with the energy of the target. • The more closely grouped personnel are to the sensor, the smaller the area affected by their movement. • The sensor has a rear looking antenna and software algorithms that detect movement behind the sensor and remove the unwanted energy, but if the backside energy is much greater than the target energy, the target may be cancelled also. • The operator and any personnel behind the sensor should remain still during scanning. CyTerra 10/9/2017 Approved for Public Release 20 October 2015 by U.S. Army Project Manager I2WD 65 BACKSIDE TARGETS WARNING The energy from personnel moving behind the sensor may prevent detection of targets 5m To help prevent this, the system will warn you that there is too much motion being detected on the operator’s side of the system by displaying the Excessive Backside Motion Icon. 10m 0m BACK MOTION In some cases the Backside Motion Indicator will not appear and backside targets could appear as targets in your target area. 5m CyTerra 10/9/2017 Approved for Public Release 20 October 2015 by U.S. Army Project Manager I2WD 66 REDUCED BACKSIDE DETECTION The operator may reduce the effectiveness of the rearward looking antenna’s ability to reduce backside motion if the antenna is blocked by the operators body This reduced area will move based on how the system is held by the operator No reduction No reduction Reduced due to operator interference. Operator CyTerra 10/9/2017 Approved for Public Release 20 October 2015 by U.S. Army Project Manager I2WD 67 INSTRUCTION POINTS • Part of the radar energy emitted by the sensor penetrates the building and part reflects off the building back in the direction of the sensor. • The energy reflected off the building can reflect off moving objects behind the sensor and back to the sensor in a path makes movement behind the sensor look like it is actually in front of it. • If the movement behind the sensor is at the same range as the target inside the building is from the first wall of the building, this energy competes with the energy of the target. • The more closely grouped personnel are to the sensor, the smaller the area affected by their movement. • The sensor has a rear looking antenna and software algorithms that detect movement behind the sensor and remove the unwanted energy, but if the backside energy is much greater than the target energy, the target may be cancelled also. • The operator and any personnel behind the sensor should remain still during scanning. CyTerra 10/9/2017 Approved for Public Release 20 October 2015 by U.S. Army Project Manager I2WD 68 ENVIRONMENTAL TARGET MASKING 18m • The sensor detects backside motion and indicates the area in the field of view that may be impacted by shading that area on the display. CyTerra 10/9/2017 Approved for Public Release 20 October 2015 by U.S. Army Project Manager I2WD 69 MULTIPLE TARGETS Targets may be too close to be represented by individual target icons. The multi target icon (red square) is used in these situations. 20 15 10 10 10/9/2017 Approved for Public Release 20 October 2015 by U.S. Army Project Manager I2WD 10 CyTerra 70 LARGE TARGETS Larger targets may appear to travel in an arc when they pass in front of the system. This is because of their large radar cross section. CyTerra 10/9/2017 Approved for Public Release 20 October 2015 by U.S. Army Project Manager I2WD 71 INSTRUCTION POINTS • The best detection performance occurs directly in front of the unit, and extends out ±60 degrees in a conical pattern. • The detection performance rapidly falls off to a minimum at ±90 degrees, creating blind spots. Detection is possible within these blind spots, but will be greatly reduced. • The optimal detection distance is a maximum of 25 meters but this may vary based on the type of wall construction. • Detection through multiple walls or even an entire building is possible depending on the construction materials of the wall within the structure, however detection performance is diminished when traveling through additional walls such as interior cinder block or concrete walls. • Stationary targets detection will diminish more rapidly than moving target detection. • The sensor always assumes it is against the wall of the structure and shows the first wall at zero range. The 2nd wall is shown at the distance estimated by the sensor. CyTerra 10/9/2017 Approved for Public Release 20 October 2015 by U.S. Army Project Manager I2WD 72 FACTORS EFFECTING DETECTION Areas of Reduced Accuracy in the Field of View. The best detection performance occurs directly in front of the unit, and extends out ±60 degrees in a conical pattern. Detection performance rapidly falls off to a minimum at ±90 120° degrees, creating blind spots. Detection performance may be diminished because of construction material and the number of walls in the detection range. More Likely Probability of Detection 10/9/2017 Approved for Public Release 20 October 2015 by U.S. Army Project Manager I2WD 25 meters CyTerra 73 INSTRUCTION POINTS • Multiple scans performed at set intervals along the wall or adjacent walls of the same room will increase area coverage and increase your probability of detecting targets. • By performing these extra scans, the amount of area with diminished detection performance is drastically reduced. • The number and amount of times scanned will be determined by the operator. CyTerra 10/9/2017 Approved for Public Release 20 October 2015 by U.S. Army Project Manager I2WD 74 WALL DETECTION • Walls less than one meter apart will not be counted as two walls. • If the second wall is greater than 10 meters away it will not be displayed on the readout 18 m CyTerra 10/9/2017 Approved for Public Release 20 October 2015 by U.S. Army Project Manager I2WD 75 FACTORS AFFECTING DETECTION Area Coverage. Multiple scans performed at set intervals along the wall or adjacent walls of the same room will increase area coverage and increase your probability of detecting targets. More Likely Probability of Detection CyTerra 10/9/2017 Approved for Public Release 20 October 2015 by U.S. Army Project Manager I2WD 76 INSTRUCTION POINTS • The RANGE-R2D is also capable of detecting targets on different floors within a building if the targets falls within the field of view of the system. • Operators will not be able to determine precisely which floor is producing the alert. • Detection performance may diminish when travelling through the ceiling or the floor of the structure based upon types of material encountered. CyTerra 10/9/2017 Approved for Public Release 20 October 2015 by U.S. Army Project Manager I2WD 77 FACTORS EFFECTING DETECTION Multi-level Structures. When scanning a multiple level structure, personnel on different levels may be detected if the target is within the field of view of the system. More Likely Two Story Building Probability of Detection CyTerra 10/9/2017 Approved for Public Release 20 October 2015 by U.S. Army Project Manager I2WD 78 ENVIRONMENTAL TARGET MASKING • Breathers could be masked by environmental factors. • The sensor detects this and indicates the area in the field of view that may be impacted by shading that area on the display. 18m 18m CyTerra 10/9/2017 Approved for Public Release 20 October 2015 by U.S. Army Project Manager I2WD 79 INSTRUCTION POINTS • If necessary or desired, the system can be used in standoff away from a wall. The system will still display the first two walls within detection range. Keep in mind that the systems range is still 25 meters. If the system is held 10 meters from a wall you will only be able to detect 15 meters past that wall. • Using the system from a standoff position will be more difficult than operating the system against the wall. The operator must do his best to keep the system steady. The system must be mounted to a tripod for best results. A monopod may be used, but stationary target detection sensitivity may be reduced. If the system is moving too much, the “shaky hand” movement indicator will be displayed on the bottom right hand of the display. • The sights on the outside of the system above the display (in either left or right handed use) can be used to aim at specific points. The sights are off set from the display opening to ensure that they line up with the center of the actual radar display. CyTerra 10/9/2017 Approved for Public Release 20 October 2015 by U.S. Army Project Manager I2WD 80 SCANNING WITH STANDOFF It is possible for the system to be used away from walls or surfaces to detect targets. Ensure the distance from the first wall is greater than ½ meter. Detection of the first wall is critical to operation of the sensor. If the first wall is not shown at correct approximate location, move the sensor enough to bring up the motion indicator. This will reinitiate wall detection. CyTerra 10/9/2017 Approved for Public Release 20 October 2015 by U.S. Army Project Manager I2WD 81 NARROWED FIELD OF VIEW To help reduce the risk of false positives when set to Standoff mode, the system will adjust it’s field of view to 90 degrees. (Field of view is 180 degrees when set to Wall mode.) 10/9/2017 90° 90° 15m 10m Approved for Public Release 20 October 2015 by U.S. Army Project Manager I2WD 90° 5m 180° 0m CyTerra 82 SCANNING WITH STANDOFF Aim the system at the structure you intend to scan. Just keeping the system “level” can result in the ground being interpreted as a wall by the system. 12 meters 10/9/2017 meters CyTerra Approved for Public Release 20 October 2015 by U.S. Army Project Manager I2WD 83 SCANNING WITH STANDOFF When scanning in standoff mode it is important to be center the system to the structure you are scanning. If you are not centered on the structure when scanning, the first wall may not be detected giving you inaccurate readings while scanning Scanning from the corners or off angles can reduce the effectiveness of the system. CyTerra 10/9/2017 Approved for Public Release 20 October 2015 by U.S. Army Project Manager I2WD 84 INSTRUCTION POINTS • • While not the ideal method of operation, the system can be used +/- 10° from parallel of the wall being scanned. Using the sensor at a greater angle than 10˚ from the wall may cause degradation of detection of walls and negatively affect detection of targets. CyTerra 10/9/2017 Approved for Public Release 20 October 2015 by U.S. Army Project Manager I2WD 85 SCANNING WITH STANDOFF Off-Angle Use Not the ideal method of operation. Operating the system this way will reduce the effectiveness of the scan. ±10° CyTerra 10/9/2017 Approved for Public Release 20 October 2015 by U.S. Army Project Manager I2WD 86 RANGE-R2D LINK ADDENDUM TO RANGE-R2D OPERATION &TRAINING MANUAL CyTerra Approved for Public Release 20 October 2015 by U.S. Army Project Manager I2WD FCC Required Information • Warning: Changes or modifications to this device not expressly approved by L-3 CyTerra could void the user’s authority to operate the equipment • NOTE: This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential installation. This equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. However, there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation. If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or television reception, which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on, the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures: – – – – • Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna. Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver. Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is connected. Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for help. This equipment complies with radiation exposure limits set forth for an uncontrolled environment. This equipment is in direct contact with the body of the user under normal operating conditions. This transmitter must not be co-located or operating in conjunction with any other antenna or transmitter. CyTerra Approved for Public Release 20 October 2015 by U.S. Army Project Manager I2WD LESSON 1 Description and Capabilities CyTerra Approved for Public Release 20 October 2015 by U.S. Army Project Manager I2WD INSTRUCTION POINTS • The RANGE-R2D LINK system is RANGE-R2D with secure WiFi capability added that allows remote monitoring and control of the system from a distance of 100 meters or greater (Line of Sight). • The 2D LINK system can also operate from AC power with the provided power supply. • Components of the RANGE-R2D LINK System – RANGE-R2D LINK sensor with built in WiFi module and tripod mount. – HP Stream 7 (or equivalent) Windows Tablet ( Do Not cover upper left corner, this is where the antennae is located) – AC power supply and cord (used for either the sensor or the battery charger). – Qty. 16 nickel metal hydride rechargeable batteries – 8 cell battery charger. CyTerra Approved for Public Release 20 October 2015 by U.S. Army Project Manager I2WD MAJOR COMPONENTS RANGE-R2D LINK REMOTE DEVICE WiFi Module WIFI ANTENNAS! Keep hands away from this edge for best results. Tripod Mount BATTERY CHARGER Note: Do not cover Remote Device Antennae POWER SUPPLY CyTerra Approved for Public Release 20 October 2015 by U.S. Army Project Manager I2WD MECHANICAL DATA Item Weight RANGE-R2D Link Unit 3.5 lbs (1.36 kg) Storage Container 6.1 lbs (2.77 kg) Soft Case 0.5 lbs (0.23 kg) 11” 4” Item Dimensions RANGE-R2D Link Unit 12”x3.6”x3.9” (25.4cm x 9.14cm x 9.91cm) Storage Container 16.3”x12.8”x6.8” (41.4cm x 32.51cm x 17.27cm) 4” CyTerra Approved for Public Release 20 October 2015 by U.S. Army Project Manager I2WD LESSON 2 Operation CyTerra Approved for Public Release 20 October 2015 by U.S. Army Project Manager I2WD POWERING THE SYSTEM • The RANGE-R2D LINK can operate from either Lithium Energizer L91 primary batteries, rechargeable nickel metal hydride batteries, or external AC power supply. – Install the desired batteries or connect the external power supply to the external power connector. – CAUTION! DO NOT INSTALL BATTERIES AND CONNECT THE EXTERNAL POWER SUPPLY SIMUTANEOUSLY AS THE POWER SUPPLY WILL BE SUPPLYING UNREGULATED CURRENT TO THE BATTERIES AND DAMAGE TO THE BATTERIES, POWER SUPPLY AND/OR RANGER2D LINK SENSOR MAY OCCUR! External Power Connector RANGE-R2D LINK WiFi Module CyTerra Approved for Public Release 20 October 2015 by U.S. Army Project Manager I2WD POWERING THE SYSTEM • The WiFi module is in the OFF setting when the sensor is initially powered on. • To enable WiFi, select WiFi from the main menu and it will toggle to the on state. – Note: Once enabled, WiFi remains on until power on the sensor is cycled off and then on again. This implementation prevents accidental turning off WiFi from the remote device and losing communication with the sensor. • Remove the batteries when use of the system is completed to prevent draining of the batteries. RANGE-R2D LINK WiFi Enable WiFi Module CyTerra Approved for Public Release 20 October 2015 by U.S. Army Project Manager I2WD POWERING THE SYSTEM • Power on the remote device, allow Microsoft Windows 10 to start, and navigate to the RANGE-R2D Link App on the Windows Desktop WIFI ANTENNAS! Keep hands away from this edge for best results. CyTerra Approved for Public Release 20 October 2015 by U.S. Army Project Manager I2WD Using The Windows Application • Double tap on the RANGE-R2D Link icon to start the application. • Application will connect to sensor • Sensor will go into SCAN mode CyTerra Approved for Public Release 20 October 2015 by U.S. Army Project Manager I2WD POWERING THE SYSTEM • The app will open and the remote device will indicate it’s connecting to the sensor. TOGGLE SELECT NEXT RECORD Signal Quality Note: Do not cover the remote display antennae Approved for Public Release 20 October 2015 by U.S. Army Project Manager I2WD CyTerra POWERING THE SYSTEM • When the remote device has completed connection to the sensor the Main Menu display shown on the sensor display will show on the remote device. Press the Toggle button To switch between the Main Menu and Scanning TOGGLE Press the Select button To make a Menu selection SELECT Press the Next button To navigate the Menu Selections NEXT Press the Record button To record the display to The media card. RECORD CyTerra Approved for Public Release 20 October 2015 by U.S. Army Project Manager I2WD POWERING THE SYSTEM • When in scan mode, the display on the sensor is duplicated on the remote device and the RANGE-R2D LINK operates as if the user were holding it. Follow RANGE-R2D Operating Instructions for use. TOGGLE SELECT NEXT RECORD CyTerra Approved for Public Release 20 October 2015 by U.S. Army Project Manager I2WD TURNING THE SYSTEM OFF • Close the RANGE-R2D LINK application by tapping on the “X” in the red box in the upper right hand corner of the display. • Power the remote device off using the standard Windows 8.1 method. • Squeeze and hold the two control buttons on the sensor until the RANGE-R2D Link power off. • Remove the batteries or disconnect external power from the RANGE-R2D LINK. CyTerra Approved for Public Release 20 October 2015 by U.S. Army Project Manager I2WD
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