No Wires Needed 10310308 User Manual 110
No Wires Needed 110
Contents
Parrot User Manual
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| Document ID | 48264 |
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| Document Description | Parrot User Manual |
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| Document Type | User Manual |
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| Filesize | 22.26kB (278202 bits) |
| Date Submitted | 1999-07-15 00:00:00 |
| Date Available | 1999-11-05 00:00:00 |
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| Document Title | 110.PDF |
| Document Creator | Microsoft Word |
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No Wires Needed Parrot 1100 Access Point User Manual Version 2.1.0 – July 1999 User manual Parrot 1100 Access Point No Wires Needed Jan Steenlaan 3-5 3723 BS Bilthoven The Netherlands www.nwn.com Version 2.1.0 – July 1999 Trade marks Copyright © No Wires Needed The publisher reserves the right to revise this publication and to make changes to any or all parts of this manual at any time, without obligation to notify any person or entity of such revisions or changes. Swallow, Parrot, Pelican, AirLock, APCenter, ASBF and Connect are trademarks of No Wires Needed. Other product and company names are registered trademarks or trademarks of their respective holders. Copyright statement No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, whether electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise without the prior writing of the publisher. Printed in Amsterdam, July 1999 Warranty NWN undertakes a Product Warranty of 12 months from the date of Invoice. Within the warranty period NWN repairs a faulty device free of charge or replaces it in case of irreparable damage. Excluded from the warranty are malfunctions caused by operation outside the intended usage; by misuse or abuse; by service modifications or repairs performed by unauthorised persons or by other conditions not arising from defects in Product materials or workmanship. The costs associated with physically replacing the defective part and reinstalling are to be borne by the Buyer. Statement of Year 2000 Compliance Detailed information about our statement is published on our website. http://www.nwn.com FCC Radiation Exposure Statement This equipment complies with FCC radiation exposure limits set forth for an uncontrolled environment. This equipment should be installed and operated with the minimum distance between your body and the antenna as shown in the table below: Low gain indoor antennas (≤6dBi) High gain outdoor antennas (>6dBi) 4.5cm (1.8 inches) 30cm (12 inches) Note: Detached antennas, whether installed indoors or out, should be installed ONLY by experienced antenna installation professionals who are familiar with local building and safety codes and, wherever applicable, are licensed by the appropriate government regulatory authorities. Failure to do so may void the No Wires Needed Product Warranty and may expose the end user to legal and financial liabilities. No Wires Needed and its resellers or distributors are not liable for injury, damage or violation of government regulations associated with the installation of detached antennas. 1 Contents Contents ..............................................................................................8 Introduction ..........................................................................................9 Installation..........................................................................................10 APCenter™ Features .........................................................................12 4.1 APCenter™ Main Window...........................................................13 4.2 Quick Start to Wireless Networking..............................................15 4.3 Managing WLANs.......................................................................16 4.4 Managing Access Points.............................................................17 4.4.1 Network Settings Dialog ......................................................19 4.4.2 Searching for Access Points ................................................20 4.4.3 Manually programming IP addresses ...................................21 4.5 Managing Security ......................................................................22 4.5.1 Access Control....................................................................23 4.6 Updating Access Point Settings...................................................25 4.7 IEEE 802.11 WEP Security .........................................................26 4.8 AirLock™ Security Architecture ...................................................26 4.9 More about Cells ........................................................................26 4.10 Compatibility...............................................................................27 Glossary ............................................................................................28 Technical specifications Parrot 1100 ...................................................29 6.1 Standards supported...................................................................29 6.2 Environmental ............................................................................29 6.3 Power specifications ...................................................................29 6.4 Radio specifications....................................................................30 6.5 Specific features .........................................................................30 6.6 Physical Dimensions...................................................................30 2 Introduction Thank you for purchasing your No Wires Needed Parrot 1100 Access Point. This manual will assist you with the installation procedure. The package you have received should contain the following items: • • • • User manual Parrot 1100 Access Point Power adapter Diskette containing APCenter™ Software Note: if anything is missing, please contact your vendor A wireless LAN is normally used in a predefined environment. In such a network, Access Points are mounted at assigned places, each covering its own area in which wireless nodes can operate. These Access Points are connected to a wired network to communicate with each other and with servers and clients on that network. The Parrot 1100 Access Point can be connected to a 10 Mbps Ethernet network through a RJ45 (UTP) connector. 3 Installation 1. Mount the Access Point firmly to the wall on the position that is determined during the site survey. A drill model is supplied as a separate sheet with this manual. 2. Make sure the antennas are in a vertical position (if not, rotate over 90 degrees). 3. Insert the power connector. 4. Attach the UTP Ethernet cable to the Access Point. 5. Switch on the Access Point. At the front of the Access Point you will see three LEDs. If all goes well, the rightmost LED (power) is green and the leftmost (WLAN) and middle (wired network) LEDs flash whenever there is traffic on the respective networks which is at least ten times per second for the wireless LAN because of so-called ‘beacons’. The Access Point automatically selects the medium attached. When no cable network is detected, the network LED will turn red. When the supplied power is too low or unstable the power LED will turn red. The power LED will also turn red when the firmware of the Access Point has a fault condition. You can reset the Access Point’s settings to factory defaults by pushing a paperclip in the little hole next to the power switch while switching the Access Point on. When you push a paperclip in the reset hole while the Access Point is switched on, only the lock set by APCenter™ (Par 4.5) is deactivated. 4 APCenter™ Features APCenter™ provides a consistent view of the Wireless network. The systems administrator can use APCenter™ to control a large number of Parrot 1100 Access Points from a single location. The Access Points are remotely updated via the SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol). Among the supported features are: • Adding and removing Access Points • Restricting access to the Wireless network • Managing data protection options such as IEEE 802.11 WEP and AirLock™ Security. • Assigning radio channels for optimal cell management • Grouping the wireless network into multiple WLANs with individual access control and security options • Programming an Access Point with a specified IP address • Setting the SNMP Write Community string • Storing the Access Point configurations on disk • Printing a summary of your configuration • Verifying the status of all Access Points in the network 4.1 APCenter™ Main Window The Main Window of APCenter™ may look like this. Before going into detail it is good to have an idea of what kind of information to expect. You may wish to skip to Quick Start to Wireless Networking. The tree structure on the left of the window shows a list of WLANs (Wireless LANs) and the Access Points that are part of each WLAN. The sample image above shows a single Access Point with hardware address 00:10:91:00:00:84 that is assigned to the WLAN named “NWN OfficeNet”. The icons indicate the status of the WLANs and their associated Access Points. You can use clicking, double clicking, dragging etc. to view Access Point properties or move an Access Point to another WLAN etc. See Managing WLANs. The name (or ESSID) of the WLAN is used for identifying the WLAN. Client stations can roam freely over Access Points that have the same ESSID. Therefore the security options for all Access Points with the same ESSID are identical. Security options can be managed through the WLAN Security property sheet. See the section on Managing Security. The Access Point property sheet will mainly be used to select a radio channel for each Access Point. See Managing Access Points below. 4.2 Quick Start to Wireless Networking Configuring a Wireless Network for the very first time, involves the following seven steps: 1. Physically connect the Access Points to the Ethernet LAN. Make sure they are switched on. The No Wires Needed wireless network will be up and running immediately. If you are content with the default settings of the Access Points, you can stop right here. It is more likely however, that you want to assign different radio frequencies to each Access Point, or impose some restrictions on the use of your wireless network. 2. To be able to manage the Access Points via SNMP, every Access Point needs a unique IP address. If you provide a DHCP or BOOTP service on your LAN (and have sufficient free IP addresses available) this will be taken care of automatically. If not, please read the section Manually programming IP addresses. 3. Fire up APCenter™ and configure the Network Settings to reflect your situation (Use the Edit/Network Settings… menu item). See the section Network Settings Dialog for details. 4. Create at least one WLAN (Edit/Insert Wireless LAN) and select the desired security configuration options. 5. Apply the built-in scanning function under Edit/Search Access Points to collect information about the Access Points. See the section Searching for Access Points for more information about the scanning function. Drag the new Access Points to the WLAN of your choice. 6. Select the radio channels of the Access Points according to your cell plan. See also More about Cells. Add descriptive information about each Access Point for later reference. 7. Save the configuration information to disk, and commit the new settings to the Access Points in your network. Using this button. Note that the actual settings of the Access Points will not be affected until the Commit to Network function is executed. If you quit APCenter™, you will be asked to both save and commit. See Updating Access Point Settings. You can open the saved configuration file anytime you to make changes to the network. 4.3 Managing WLANs A WLAN or “Wireless Local Area Network” consists of a number of Access Points that together provide seamless access to any wireless stations that are in reach of any of the Access Points. Create a WLAN Select the Edit/Insert Wireless LAN menu item to insert a new WLAN into the list. Type the name (ESSID) of the new WLAN. Destroy a WLAN Remove an empty WLAN by pressing Delete or selecting the Edit/Clear menu item. Rename a WLAN Click on the label of the WLAN to change its name (ESSID). Note that client stations use the name to identify the WLAN. You can move an Access Point from one WLAN to another by dragging it with the mouse or by selecting Edit/Cut followed by Edit/Paste. There are two WLANs that have a special meaning in APCenter™. These are the Unused Access Points and Disabled Access Points special WLAN’s. Unused Access Points APCenter™ does not manage the Unused Access Points within the context of the current document. In other words, these Access Points are ignored. You can view some information about them (e.g. radio channel), but not modify any of their properties. APCenter™ does not change the settings of these Access Points when File/Commit to Network is selected. This is useful when different people manage different sets of Access Points. Disabled Access Points Access Points that are moved to this folder will be made inaccessible for any client station as soon as they are updated. 4.4 Managing Access Points Individual Access Points are identified by their hardware address (or MAC address). To insert a new Access Point into the APCenter™ document by hand, its hardware address must be known. You can search for Access Points in your network automatically; see Searching for Access Points. Insert an Access Point Select the Edit/Insert Access Point menu item to insert a new Access Point into the selected WLAN. APCenter™ will ask for the hardware address of the Access Point. Disable an Access Point Move an Access Point to the “Disabled” special WLAN by pressing Delete or selecting the Edit/Clear menu item. Access Points in this special WLAN will not be accessible for any client station. See Managing WLANs. The Access Points are shown with one of the following icons. On-line The Access Point is accessible on-line. Off-line The Access Point is currently not accessible, or the IP address is not known or incorrect. Locked The Access Point is permanently locked. Its properties cannot be changed. Select the Access Point property sheet to view or modify the settings of the selected Access Point. The main function is to be able to program the Access Point’s radio channel to match the cell plan. See the section “More about Cells” for details. Read-only features shown include hardware address, brand and version, and the regulatory domain. Hardware address (MAC address) Brand, type, information. and version The regulatory domain for which the Access Point has been configured (factory setting). Note that it is illegal to use the Access Point outside the designated domain. See Regulatory Domains for details. The IP address and the hostname of the Access Point. The radio channel number. The permissible channels depend on the Regulatory Domain. An optional description field for easy reference. 4.4.1 Network Settings Dialog Selecting the Edit/Network Settings… menu item (or clicking the corresponding toolbar button) pops up the Network Settings dialog. Use this dialog to inform APCenter™ about your network configuration. APCenter™ needs this information to be able to scan for Access Points. Add your network addresses (subnets) by entering the correct information in the Network address, mask and default gateway fields in the dialog, and clicking the Set button for each network/subnet. To view the details of a particular network, click on the Address field in the list. Click the Remove button to delete a network from the list. If the computer on which APCenter™ is running is connected to all your networks directly, you can try Auto Add Local Networks to insert them in the list. Note: if subnetting is used, the network addresses and masks generated by this function may not be correct and should be adjusted manually. 4.4.2 Searching for Access Points APCenter™ has an easy-to-use Access Point discovery function that simplifies the administration of the Access Points in your network. You normally apply the Search function in one of the following situations: • New Access Points have been added to the network • The IP address of one or more Access Points is no longer valid or known, possibly because the DHCP or BOOTP server has assigned it a different IP address. You may be informed of this fact because the Access Points will be reported off-line by APCenter™. Invoke the Search function by selecting the menu command Edit/Search Access Points, or pressing the associated toolbar button. While APCenter™ is scanning the network, you may continue work on the document. If necessary you can abort a scan by clicking on the Abort Search button. A progress indicator will be shown in the status bar. 4.4.3 Manually programming IP addresses The preferred method of providing IP addresses for your Access Points is applying a DHCP or BOOTP server in your network. If you do, the Access Points will acquire an IP address automatically from this server. If you do not have a DHCP server it is possible to set the IP address of your Access Points from APCenter™. 1. Physically connect the Access Points and the computer on which you run APCenter™ to the same Ethernet segment. 2. Make sure there is no DHCP or BOOTP server running. 3. Switch the Access Points on. The network LED should light up in red. 4. Configure the network you want your Access Points to be part of. See Network Settings Dialog for details. 5. Enter the hardware addresses of the Access Points by hand using the Edit/Insert Access Point menu command or clicking the appropriate toolbar button. 6. For each Access Point select Edit/Set IP Address menu command and enter the required IP address manually. As soon as you press apply, the Access Point should acquire the designated IP address. Within a few seconds the network LED on the Access Point should light up green. Note that you may or may not be able to communicate with the Access Point, depending on the validity of the IP address in the current Ethernet segment. 4.5 Managing Security Maintaining security in a wireless LAN environment is somewhat different from a wired network, because the radio waves do not stop at your office walls. Eavesdropping or unauthorised access from outside your building can be a serious threat. There are three types of actions involved: • Protecting your data while it is transferred from one station to another. Encryption techniques will be necessary in most environments (Data Privacy). • Control who can make use of the wireless network (Access Control). • Protecting your network configuration against tampering from both inside and outside your organisation (Secure Management). Data Privacy A Parrot 1100 Access Point supports three different data privacy algorithms: unencrypted data; standardised IEEE 802.11 WEP (based on a 40 bit shared key), and No Wires Needed AirLock™ (based on automatically generated 128 bit session keys). Access Control The IEEE 802.11 standard allows for Access Control rules based on the client station’s hardware address, and is fully implemented by the Parrot 1100. If AirLock™ is enabled, the hardware address is also verified using cryptographic techniques. See the section on AirLock™ Security Architecture. Secure Management The primary protection against tampering for any SNMP agent is the Write Community String (WCS), which functions as a password for network management commands. The WCS is sent over your network in plain text, making it vulnerable to eavesdropping from within your organisation. The WCS is never sent over the radio,however. If you want you can lock your Access Points. After being locked they can no longer be managed via SNMP. Press the pinhole Reset switch on the backpanel of the Access Point to unlock the Access Point. Select the required security options in the WLAN Security property sheet. Edit the Community String field to modify the SNMP Write Community String for all Access Points in the selected WLAN. Select the data privacy algorithm(s) you want to support in the Access Points. If AirLock™ is selected, client stations not supporting AirLock™ may still communicate with the Access Points through the ASBF™ mechanism. In some situations it may be advisable to enforce AirLock™ as the only available mechanism. Use this button to lock the settings of the Access Points (almost) permanently See the section Control for details. Access 4.5.1 Access Control Within the IEEE 802.11 framework, Access Control is based on the hardware address of the client stations. Per client you can select whether or not it will be allowed access to your wireless network infrastructure. On the WLAN Security tab, check the Use Access Control box to enable Access Control. If this box is not checked, any client station can associate with your network. Click the Access Control Settings… button on the WLAN Security tab to pop up the Access Control Dialog. Press Add… to enter the client stations you want to grant access. A default rule determines whether unregistered stations can join. You can move clients between Access Granted and Access Denied lists by clicking the >> and << buttons or pressing the left and right arrow keys. Press Apply to confirm your changes and close the dialog. 4.6 Updating Access Point Settings After modifying the open APCenter™ document you should update the Access Points in your network with the new settings. This is done for all Access Points simultaneously by selecting the File/Commit to Network menu command. Or clicking the associated toolbar button. During the update the following Dialog is displayed: Access Point that is currently being processed. Progress indicator Update result counters. The ‘Skipped’ count refers to Access Points in the ‘Unused’ special WLAN. Specific messages. error Within 10 seconds after the Access Point has been successfully updated it will disconnect all client stations that are joined with it, and restart with the new settings. While restarting it will show red LEDs for a short period of time. 4.7 IEEE 802.11 WEP Security The IEEE 802.11 standard includes a Shared Key data privacy mechanism, called ‘Wired Equivalent Privacy’. Features of WEP are: • Data encryption using a 40 bit shared key • No key distribution mechanism. The shared key (password) must be distributed manually to all personnel and either be remembered or stored somewhere on the hard disk. • Simple authentication of clients based on hardware address. 4.8 AirLock™ Security Architecture The No Wires Needed AirLock™ Security architecture provides superior protection of your data combined with improved ease of use through secure automated key management, while maintaining full compatibility with the IEEE 802.11 standard. Some features of AirLock™ Security are: • Data encryption using 128 bit random session keys • Key management using a public / private key scheme. Keys are never transmitted as plain text • Strong authentication of the client stations based on challenge / response. • Automatic scale back function (ASBF™) maintains compliance to IEEE 802.11 shared key security for client stations that do not support AirLock™ Security. 4.9 More about Cells Each Access Point in the network forms the centre of a cell, or BSS. The Cells should overlap slightly to guarantee seamless wireless connectivity everywhere. Nearby Access Points should preferably send and receive on different channels for maximum throughput. Creating a cell plan for your site can be complicated, and is usually done by experts employing special measuring equipment. Furthermore, the radio channels you may use depend on both the capabilities of the PC-Cards you are deploying, as well as the regulations in your area. The following table may be of help: Regulatory Domain Area Permissible Channels FCC DOC ETSI United States Canada Europe except Spain and France Spain France Japan 1 – 11 1 – 11 1 – 13 Swallow 1100 predefined channels 1, 6, 11 1, 6, 11 1, 7, 13 10 10 14 10 10 14 SPAIN FRANCE MKK 4.10 Compatibility The APCenter™ utility version 1.1.0 is compatible with the No Wires Needed Parrot 1100 Access Points only. 5 Glossary AirLock™ Security BSS Cell ESS No Wires Needed BV Parrot 1100 Access Point Shared Key Algorithm SNMP Swallow 1100 PC Card WLAN Write Community String WEP No Wires Needed BV proprietary security architecture. AirLock™ Security provides the following functionality: • 128 bit data encryption • secure Access Control based on a private/public key algorithm • Integrated automated key distribution algorithm See the AirLock™ Security white-paper for detailed information. “Basic Service Set”. De facto an alias for Access Point. Area in which the radio signal of an Access Point is sufficiently good to join with it. “Extended Service Set”. A group of Access Points with identical settings among which a client system can roam. An ESS forms the heart of a WLAN. http://www.nwn.com 11/5.5/2.0/1.0 Mbps IEEE 802.11 Access Point by No Wires Needed BV. Encryption scheme for which both sender and receiver need to know the (same) encryption key. “Simple Network Management Protocol” 11/5.5/2.0/1.0 Mbps IEEE 802.11 Wireless PC Card by No Wires Needed BV. “Wireless LAN” The set of Access Points and Wireless Clients that form a local area network. SNMP password “Wired Equivalent Protection” Data privacy mechanism based on a 40 bit shared key algorithm, as described in the IEEE 802.11 standard 6 Technical specifications Parrot 1100 6.1 Standards supported − Compliant with ETS 300 328 and ETS 300 826 (CE marked) − IEEE 802.11 standard for Wireless LAN − All major networking standards (including IP, IPX) 6.2 Environmental Operating temperature (ambient): − 0°C to 40°C (32°F to 104°F) Humidity: − 95% 6.3 Power specifications DC power supply − In 230 VAC 50 Hz 150 mA − Out 9 VDC 1.3 A Parrot Access Point − In 9 VDC 1 A 6.4 Radio specifications Range: per cell indoors approx. 50 meters (150 ft) or more per cell outdoors up to 300 meters (1000 ft) Transmit power: − +18 dBm Frequency range: − 2.4-2.4835 GHz, direct sequence spread spectrum Number of Channels: − Europe: 13 (3 non-overlapping) − US: 11 (3 non-overlapping) − France: 4 (1 non-overlapping) Antenna system: − Dual antenna diversity system; 2dB gain − − 6.5 Specific features Supported bit rates: 11 Mbps 5.5 Mbps 1 Mbps (IEEE 802.11 DSSS compliant devices, using ASBF™ ) 2 Mbps (IEEE 802.11 DSSS compliant devices, using ASBF™ ) Data encryption: − AirLock™ security, 128-bit key length Utility Software: − APCenter™ management tool Key Management: − Automatic Dynamic Key Allocation (ADKA) through public key − − − − 6.6 Physical Dimensions 180 x 220 x 40 mm
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