Nortel Networks BTRCTR380002-N 38GHz Microwave Transceiver (variant 2) User Manual

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Date Submitted	1999-04-29 00:00:00
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411-1333-204
Reunion
BTR 38 GHz
Sub-Band 38-02P
Outdoor Microwave Transceiver
Installation Guide
Release 1.2
March 1999
Reunion
BTR 38 GHz
Outdoor Microwave Transceiver
Installation Guide
Document number: 411-1333- 204.01.02
Product release: Release 1.2
Document version: Preliminary
Date: March 1999
Copyright Country of printing Confidentiality Legal statements Trademarks
 1999 Northern Telecom
Northern Telecom Ltd., all rights reserved
Printed in Canada
NORTHERN TELECOM CONFIDENTIAL: The information contained in this document is the property of Northern
Telecom. Except as specifically authorized in writing by Northern Telecom, the holder of this document shall keep the information
contained herein confidential and shall protect same in whole or in part from disclosure and dissemination to third parties and use
same for evaluation, operation, and maintenance purposes only.
Information is subject to change without notice.
v
Publication history
December 1998
•
•
Draft release of the document
Information subject to change without notice
•
•
Preliminary release of the document
Information subject to change without notice
March 1999
BTR 38 GHz Installation Guide
vi Publication history
411-1333-204.01.02 Preliminary March 1999
vii
About this guide
Purpose
This guide provides the information required to install and operate the
BTR 38 GHz outdoor microwave transceiver.
The BTR 38 GHz is a key microwave component in the Nortel Reunion base
station providing transmission facility for two-way digital wireless voice, data
and video communications.
The BTR 38 GHz is one of the RF (Radio Frequency) products that constitute
a Nortel Reunion product line. The associated products include the following
types of cell site equipment:
• broadband transmitters
• broadband receivers
• broadband repeaters
• broadband transceivers
Audience
The audience for this document are those who install and operate the
BTR 38 GHz. To take full advantage of this guide, you should have a basic
understanding of microwave fundamentals and know how to use microwave
test equipment.
BTR 38 GHz Installation Guide
viii
Organization
1. This Guide is divided into eight sections:
• Product Overview describes the BTR’s components and theory of
operation.
• Pre-Installation describes the basics of handling the equipment upon
arrival.
• Reunion Safety Standards provide a quick review of general safety
guidelines.
• Installing the BTR 38 Ghz explains how to physically install the
transceiver.
• BTR 38 GHz Maintenance describes basic maintenance procedures to
ensure that the transceiver is operating correctly.
• BTR 3800 Diagnostic Reference Chart provides a quick troubleshooting
guide.
• Grounding and Surge Protection explains basic grounding and lightening
protections requirements and methods for the Reunion equipment.
• List of terms provides a quick reference to terms and acronyms found in
the guide.
411-1333-204.01.02 Preliminary March 1999
ix
Documentation Suite
This Reunion Release has a suite of fifteen documents:
Reunion System Overview, 411- 1343 - 010
Reunion Network Node Equipment Installation Guide, 411- 1313 - 200
Reunion NIU 6054 Network Interface Unit Installation Guide,
Release 1.2, 411- 1323 - 201
Reunion NIU 6154 Network Interface Unit Installation Guide,
Release 1.2, 411- 1323 - 202
Reunion NIU 5008 Network Interface Unit Installation Guide,
Release 1.2, 411- 1323 - 203
Reunion BTR 28 GHz Outdoor Microwave Transceiver Installation Guide,
Release 1.2, 411- 1333 - 202
Reunion CTR 28 GHz Outdoor Microwave Transceiver Installation Guide,
Release 1.2, 411- 1333 - 203
Reunion BTR 38 GHz Outdoor Microwave Transceiver Installation Guide,
Release 1.2, 411- 1333 - 204
Reunion CTR 38 GHz Outdoor Microwave Transceiver Installation Guide,
Release 1.2, 411- 1333 - 205
Reunion Redundancy Switching Matrix Installation Guide, Release 1.2,
411- 1313 - 201
Reunion Procedures Reference Manual, 411-1343-400
DSS for the NNE User Guide, 411-1343-501
Reunion DSS 1000 for the NIU 6054 User Guide, 411-1343-502
Reunion DSS 1000 for the NIU 6154 User Guide, 411-1343-503
Reunion DSS 1000 for the NIU 5008 User Guide, 411-1343-504
BTR 38 GHz Installation Guide Release 1.2
x
Customer Support
In addition, Nortel Networks Broadband Wireless Access (BWA) provides
24-hour customer service and technical support to ensure your service operation
is trouble-free. If you have questions or need technical support, contact Nortel
Networks Broadband Wireless Access at the following telephone numbers:
• In the USA and Canada, call 972-BWA-ETAS/972-292-3827
• Fax (204) 631-2475
Write Nortel Networks at:
• Nortel Networks
Broadband Wireless Access
14 Fultz Blvd.
Winnipeg, Manitoba R3Y 1V3
Canada
411-1333-204.01.02 Preliminary March 1999
xi
Contents
Publication history
About this guide vii
Purpose vii
Audience vii
Organization viii
Documentation Suite viii
Customer Support ix
Contents xi
BTR 38 GHz Release 1.2
1-1
Product Overview 1-1
How the BTR 38 GHz Works 1-2
BTR 38 GHz Specification 1-4
BTR 38 GHz Component Descriptions 1-6
Diplexer / Power Supply 1-6
Mixer 1-6
Dielectric Resonance Oscillator (DRO) 1-6
Isolator 1-6
Bandpass Filter 1-6
Low Noise Amplifier 1-7
IF Amplifier 1-7
Power Amplifier 1-7
Remote Monitor 1-7
Antenna 1-7
Pre-Installation 1-8
Prevention of Access 1-8
Unpacking Shipment 1-8
Reunion Safety Standards 1-9
Safety Disclaimer 1-9
General Safety 1-9
Electrical Safety 1-9
Installing the BTR 38 GHz 1-10
Attaching the Antenna 1-10
Installing the Tower Equipment 1-11
Dual Mount Bracket 1-12
Installing the Dual Mount Bracket 1-13
Installing Indoor Equipment 1-18
BTR 38 GHz Maintenance 1-28
BTR 38 GHz Installation Guide
xii
Mechanical Checks 1-28
BTR 38 GHz Diagnostic Reference Chart 1-29
Grounding and Surge Protection
2-1
Grounding/Lightning Protection 2-1
Scope 2-1
Grounding Methods/Indoor Equipment 2-1
Wire Gauge Guidelines 2-2
Outdoor Equipment: the need for surge (lightning) protection 2-3
Ground connections to outdoor equipment 2-7
Regulatory Considerations 2-10
List of terms
411-1333-204.01.02 Preliminary March 1999
3-1
1-1
BTR 38 GHz Release 1.2
Product Overview
The BTR 38 GHz outdoor transceiver is a state-of-the-art broadband
microwave transceiver designed to operate in the 39.45 to 39.65 GHz
frequency band downstream and the 38.75 to 38.95 GHz frequency band
upstream. It is a combined broadband transmitter and receiver deployed in
Reunion’s point-to-multipoint system. It is compatible with Reunion’s
Release 1.2 equipment.
The BTR 38 GHz transceiver is mounted on a pole or a building. It features a
small size and low noise characteristics. The combination of digital
modulation and low-loss mounting results in an efficient and low-cost
installation. It has a high-stability reference oscillator.
The BTR 38 GHz features the following attributes:
• light-weight and compact packaging designed for mounting outdoors
• solid-state upconverter and downconverter designs
• high frequency stability over a wide temperature range
• ±48 VDC input for use around the world
The transceiver comprises the following components:
• diplexer
• power supply
• mixers
• local oscillator
• isolators
• bandpass filters
• low noise amplifier (LNA)
• power amplifier
• antenna
• remote monitor unit
• IF amplifier
BTR 38 GHz Installation Guide
1-2 BTR 38 GHz Release 1.2
Figure 1-1
BTR 38 GHz Block Diagram
Diplexer
IF/PS Input
RF Test
Dectector
Power Supply
TX Filter
P. Amp
Antenna
12 VDC
DRO
Mixer
LO Test Port
Mixer
LNA
Alarm ÕV GND 12V
IF Test Port
IF Output
RX Filter
IF AMP
Modem/Monitor
To RSM 9016
How the BTR 38 GHz Works
This section provides an overview of the theory of operation for the BTR 38
GHz outdoor transceiver.
Its installation on a pole or building enhances transmitting and receiving
capabilities by avoiding the need for long expensive waveguide runs. This
technique minimizes the power loss from waveguide attenuation, which
results in a highly efficient, compact and cost-effective installation.
The high-stability reference oscillator ensures that the transmitter and
receiver remain on frequency over a wide operating range, which results in a
highly efficient, compact and cost-effective installation.
The radio uses a common input cable to carry the 48 VDC and transmit
intermediate frequency (IF). The power supply and the IF signals are
separated by the diplexer in the radio. The radio uses a sector antenna for both
the transmit and receive microwave signals.
411-1333-204.01.02 Preliminary March 1999
BTR 38 GHz Release 1.2 1-3
1. The BTR transceiver’s input coaxial cable carries the IF signals and the
power supply to the diplexer. The diplexer distributes the power to the
power supply unit and interfaces with the mixer for the IF signals.
2. The 450-650 MHz transmit IF signals enter the mixer which upconverts
the signals to the 39.45 to 39.65 GHz band for the transmit path. The
received RF band is downconverted to a receive signal in the 50-250 MHz
range.
3. The local oscillator (LO) provides local oscillator signal to the mixer. The
LO uses a phase-locked dielectric resonance oscillator (DRO) with an
oven controlled crystal oscillator (OCXO).
4. The bandpass filters remove the undesired sideband signals, in both the
transmit and receive paths.
5. The upconverted signal is fed into the power amplifier which provides the
required gain to the microwave signals. The power amplifier output is
connected to the antenna through the antenna mounting flange.
6. The received RF simultaneously passes through the antenna mounting
flange, where the pass band is filtered and amplified by the Low Noise
Amplifier (LNA). The signal is fed into the mixer path.
7. The downconverted signal is fed into the IF amplifier which provides the
required gain to the IF signals. The IF amplifier’s output is connected to
the IF (RX) output port.
8. The remote monitor unit is monitoring the BTR 38 GHz working status,
(temperature, RF output power, power supply voltage and local oscillator
status).
There are five connectors on the outside of the transceiver case:
• The IF (TX) power supply input uses a Type N female jack
• The IF (RX) output uses a Type N female jack
• Telemetry connector uses a 6 pin military style connector
• Test Port (2) use female SMA jack
BTR 38 GHz Installation Guide
1-4 BTR 38 GHz Release 1.2
BTR 38 GHz Specification
Table 1: BTR 38 GHz Technical Specifications
TX
IF Input
RF Output
Frequency Range
450-650 MHz
39.450-39.650 GHz
>+27 dBm, -40° to +30° C
Output Level (P1 dB)
>+26.7 dBm, +30° to +50° C
> +26.2 dBm, +50° to +55° C
35 dBm, -40° to +30° C
Output Level (IP3)
34.7 dBm, +30° to +50° C
34.2 dBm, +50° to +55° C
Input Impedance
50 Ohms
Input/Output Connector
N-Type Female
WR-28
Input/Output VSWR
1.8:1, maximum
1:6:1, maximum
Gain (not including antenna)
35±5 dBm, minimum
Gain vs. Temperature
±2.0 dB, (-40° to +55° C)
Gain Flatness
±1.5 dB over 200 MHz BW
Out-band Spurious Emission
<-30 dBm
Frequency Stability
±2 ppm, max, (-40° to +55° C)
RX
RF Input
IF Output
Frequency Range
38.75-38.95 GHz
50-250 MHz
Nominal Input Level
- 50 dBm
Input/Output Connector
WR-28 Cover Flange
Input P1 dB
-26 dBm
50 Ohms
Output Impedance
Input/Output VSWR
N-Type Female
1.6:1, maximum
1.8:1, maximum
Gain (not including antenna)
39±5 dB, minimum
Gain Flatness
±1.5 dB over bandwidth
Frequency Stability
<±2 ppm, (-40° to +55° C)
Noise Figure SSB
< 7.5 dB, -40°to +30° C
< 7.8 dB, +30° to +50° C
< 8.3 dB, +50° to +55° C
Test Port
411-1333-204.01.02 Preliminary March 1999
- 30 dBc, SMA (F)
BTR 38 GHz Release 1.2 1-5
Antenna
BTR
Frequency
38.6-40 GHz
Gain
15 dBi, 90° Horn
Input/output microwave connector
for the antenna
WR-28
Mounted on transceiver housing
WR-28 flange
Size (Height x Weight x Depth)
6" x 3" x 12"
TX / RX wave polarity
linear, single pole
Sectorized Angle Available
15°, 30°, 45°, 60° and 90°
Power Supply
BTR
Input Voltage
±48 VDC
Input Current
<2 Amp
Input Power
100 Watts, maximum
Environmental
BTR
Humidity
100% condensing
Altitude
10,000 feet
Operating Temperature
-40° to +55°C
Storage Temperature Range
-60° to +75°C
Mechanical
BTR
Size (Height x Width x Depth)
19.2" x 10.3" x 6.7" (49 x 26 x 17 cm
Weight without brackets
35 lbs. (16KG)
Note: Use the following formula to calculate the converted frequency:
TX: ƒRF OUT (GHz) = 39.0 + ƒIF IN (GHz)
RX: ƒIF OUT (GHz) = 39.0 - ƒRF IN (GHz)
BTR 38 GHz Installation Guide
1-6 BTR 38 GHz Release 1.2
BTR 38 GHz Component Descriptions
Diplexer / Power Supply
The diplexer separates the IF input signals and the DC power supply. The
isolation between the IF path and the power supply path is more than 35 dB.
There is also a transient voltage protector on the board to protect the
transceiver from possible lightning damage.
The 48 VDC power from the diplexer is first regulated to 12 VDC, and then
sent to all the modules.
Mixer
The BTR 38 GHz uses a third harmonic mixer. The mixer uses a 13.0 GHz
local oscillator (LO) signal to convert the IF input signals to the 39.45039.650 GHz microwave frequency band. The same LO is used to
downconvert the incoming microwave signals to the receive IF frequency
band.
Dielectric Resonance Oscillator (DRO)
The Dielectric Resonance Oscillator is equipped with a OCXO reference
oscillator. When the DRO is phase-locked, it provides a 13.0 GHz microwave
frequency with the same frequency stability as the reference crystal.
When the DRO is phase-locked, the phase-locked voltage at the test port on
the DRO can vary from 3 VDC to 10 VDC depending on the chassis
temperature and the input reference frequency. The voltage at the alarm test
port is approximately 5 VDC.
When the DRO is unlocked, the phase-locked voltage becomes an oscillating
ramp wave. The voltage at the alarm test port goes down to 0 VDC.
Isolator
Three isolators provide adequate return loss in the BTR 38 GHz. Each
isolator’s maximum forward insertion loss is 0.5 dB, and its return loss is
greater than 18 dB.
Bandpass Filter
The bandpass filter removes the undesired sideband elements and LO
leakage, and passes the required sideband signals.
411-1333-204.01.02 Preliminary March 1999
BTR 38 GHz Release 1.2 1-7
Low Noise Amplifier
The low noise amplifier (LNA) provides gain in the receive path and
amplifies the received microwave signals to the mixer. The gain and noise
figure of the LNA are chosen to maximize the overall dynamic range and
noise performance of the BTR 38 GHz receiver section.
IF Amplifier
The IF amplifier provides gain in the downconverted received signals to the
required level. It uses a VHF amplifier with 50 Ohms input and output
impedance.
Power Amplifier
The power amplifier provides gain in the transmit path. It boosts the signals in
the 39.45-39.65 GHz frequency range to the required level. The amplifier is a
solid state amplifier that has high linearity within a high output power range.
Remote Monitor
The remote monitor unit provides an interface for remotely monitoring the
BTR 38 GHz. The unit communicates with the RSM 9016 by way of a
shielded twisted pair wire cable. An operator can remotely measure and
monitor RF output power (0 to 27 dBm), DRO phase voltage (0 to 10 volts),
DRO phase lock alarm (0, 1), internal temperature (-40 to +80°C) and power
supply voltage (12 volts). Refer the Reunion Redundancy Switching Matrix
Installation Guide, 411-1313-201, the Reunion DSS 1000 (Digital System
Supervisor) User Manual, 411-1343-500, and the Reunion DSS 1000 for the
NIU 6054 User Guide, 411-1343-502.
Antenna
The BTR 38 GHz uses a sector antenna for transmitting and receiving RF
signals. Physically, an antenna unit, which interfaces to the radio, contains
two sector antennas (one for transmit and one for receive). The antenna unit is
either horizontally or vertically polarized. One antenna port is connected to
the transmit side and the other one is connected to the receiver RF input.
The antenna is shipped either vertical-vertical (Tx-Rx) or horizontalhorizontal.
Note: Lightening arrestors are not supplied with the BTR transceiver.
BTR 38 GHz Installation Guide
1-8 BTR 38 GHz Release 1.2
Pre-Installation
Prevention of Access
Allow only authorized personnel to access the equipment. Install the
equipment in a restricted-access location or similar environment. Failure to
prevent unauthorized user access invalidates the equipment warranty.
Unpacking Shipment
Use the following steps to unpack and inspect the shipment of Nortel Broadband
Wireless Access equipment:
1. Copy adequate inventory forms
2. Check each package against the order form and packing slip to ensure that
all components are received
3. Check each package for signs of damage
4. Open the package and closely inspect all components for obvious signs of
damage
5. Know exactly where you are going to place the equipment, before
removing them from the package
6. Carefully remove the equipment from the packaging
7. Save packing material for future use
8. Be aware of electrostatic discharge devices (ESD) requirements when
handling BWA equipment
Note: For more information, refer to the Electronic Industries
Association (EIA) standard, Requirements for Handling ElectrostaticDischarge-Sensitive Devices (ESDS), EIA-625, as well as local and
national standards.
411-1333-204.01.02 Preliminary March 1999
BTR 38 GHz Release 1.2 1-9
Reunion Safety Standards
Safety and safety considerations are important while using Nortel Broadband
Wireless Access equipment.
Safety Disclaimer
The safety standards discussed in this guide cannot address all safety
problems associated with their use or all applicable regulatory requirements.
The customers are responsible for establishing appropriate safety and health
practices and for determining the applicability of regulatory limitations before
their use.
General Safety
Ensure that installation personnel are trained on CPR (Cardio Pulmonary
Resuscitation), as well as on local, regional and national safety standards.
When working on Nortel Broadband Wireless Access equipment, follow these
guidelines:
• Keep your work site clean and free of clutter.
• Wear close fitting clothing.
• Remove jewelry such as rings, bracelets, or watches.
• Where it is possible to dislodge small pieces, wear eye protection.
• Place equipment or cabinets on level surfaces.
• Wear a safety belt when climbing a tower and installing equipment on a
tower.
• Work in pairs so that you have someone to help in case of an emergency.
Electrical Safety
Locate the main power shut-off switch controlling the equipment you are
working on. This is important in the event of an accident, so you can quickly
cut the power.
Disconnect all power when working on power supplies.
In an emergency (electrocution):
• shut the power off
• have someone call for emergency medical assistance
• start CPR
Warning
Do not move in front of the antenna, nor look
directly into the face of the antenna when the BTR
38 GHz is running.
BTR 38 GHz Installation Guide
1-10 BTR 38 GHz Release 1.2
Installing the BTR 38 GHz
Installation is performed in three separate operations:
• attaching the antenna
• installing the tower equipment
• installing the indoor equipment
Attaching the Antenna
Attach the antenna to the BTR as follows:
Ensure that you attach the antenna to the BTR radio at the base station
prior to mounting the BTR 38 GHz to the pole.
1. Align the antenna with the two dowel pins that act as an index.
2. Place the flat washer against the antenna flange, followed by the lock
washer and then the screw.
3. Use an Allen wrench # 8 to hard tighten the socket head cap screw to a
maximum of 28 inch-pounds torque.
4. Complete steps 4 and 5 for all eight socket head cap screws.
5. Ensure that the screw is inserted at the top of the antenna to prevent water
entering the antenna. However, loosen it halfway. The bottom screw is
removed to allow condensation to drain from the antenna.
See Figures 1- 10 and 1- 11.
Note: This is a redundant radio system and two BTRs need to be
mounted close to each other. One radio is active and the other one is a
stand-by. When the BTRs are mounted side by side, ensure that the
spacing between the antennas is a minimum 6 inches (for 15, 30, 45, 60,
and 90 sectors). When the BTRs are mounted one on top of the other,
ensure that the spacing between the antennas is a minimum 1 inch (this is
applicable to a 9 elevation beam width.
411-1333-204.01.02 Preliminary March 1999
BTR 38 GHz Release 1.2 1-11
Installing the Tower Equipment
Install the BTR 38 GHz microwave transceiver as follows:
The radio mounting saddle has no paint on the inside surface in order to
provide a grounding.
1. Ensure that the radio mounting surface on the pole is free of paint to
provide a grounding.
2. Mount the BTR 38 GHz to a stable pole using the supplied mounting
brackets. The mounting brackets accommodate poles with outside
diameters from 2.5" to 4.5". See Figures 1-11, 1-12, 1-15, 1-16, and 1-21.
3. There are four 1/2” 13 UNC threaded rods, along with four hex head nuts
and flat and lock washers. Thread the rod into the saddle bracket, then
tighten with the nut. The flat washer is against the exterior of the bracket,
followed by the lock washer and then the nut.
4. Ensure connectors are facing down.
5. Install the BTR 38 GHz so that the fin array (heat sink) is positioned away
from external barriers to allow heat dissipation through natural convection
and radiation. See Figures 1-11, 1-17, 1-18, and 1-21.
The BTR 38 GHz requires 48 VDC power supply unit.
6. Connect the TX/power coaxial cable from the RPE 9000’s TX female NType connector to the BTR’s N-type IF and PS IN port.
7. Connect the RF coaxial cable from the RPE 9000’s RX female N-Type
connector to the BTR’s N-type IF OUT port.
8. Connect the telemetry cable from the BTR 38 GHz to the RPE 9000’s
telemetry connector. There is a 300 baud modem connection between the
BTR 38 GHz, the RPE 9000 and the RSM 9016.
See Figures 1-11 and 1-17.
9. Seal all connections using Coax-Seal®, cold shrink or hot shrink
tubing.
10. Ground all RF cables at the recommended spacing intervals. (Refer to
tower and cable manufacturers’ specifications).
11. Ensure that all feed lines are securely attached to the support structure.
Plan for drip (service) loops on all cables.
12. The BTR 38 GHz has a vertical range of motion of +7° over and -23°
under the horizon, as shown in Figures 1-13 and 1-14.
13. Refer to Outline and Installation Drawing # PO 883482 and the Reunion
Redundancy Switching Matrix Installation Guide, 411-1313-201.
Caution
Do not turn on the power supply until the installation is
complete.
After you install the equipment, check the cable connections.
BTR 38 GHz Installation Guide
1-12 BTR 38 GHz Release 1.2
Dual Mount Bracket
The dual mount bracket provides a single mounting facility for both the
primary and the redundant microwave transceivers, and the RPE 9000. In
turn, it is mounted on the single pole facility supplied by the network
operator.
The installer can adjust the elevation of either the individual transceiver or
both transceivers in unison. The installer can adjust the lateral angle of the
entire radio assembly. A stabilizing collar facilitates the operation of
adjusting the lateral angle of the radio as well as secures the unit to the pole.
The stabilizing collar consists of a saddle bracket and clamp that are bolted
onto the mounting pole. The dual mount bracket sits on the stabilizing collar.
Figure 1-2
Installed Dual Mount Bracket with Transceivers
Saddle Bracket
Dual Mount Bracket
BTR
Stabilizing Collar
411-1333-204.01.02 Preliminary March 1999
BTR 38 GHz Release 1.2 1-13
Installing the Dual Mount Bracket
Installation involves five separate operations:
•
•
•
•
•
installing the stabilizing collar
mounting the RPE to the dual mount bracket
mounting the dual mount bracket to the mounting pole
mounting radios to the bracket
mounting the adjustment arm to the dual mount bracket
Installing the Stabilizing Collar
Bolt the saddle bracket and clamp to the mounting pole. Refer to Figure 1-2.
Mount the stabilizing collar first to provide support for the dual mount
bracket.
Installing the RPE
Mount the RPE 9000 between the two transceivers. The front plate faces
frontward and the back plate faces backward. Refer to Figures 1-3 and 1-4.
Place the RPE flush against the inside back panel of the dual mount bracket.
Align the holes.
Insert the screws into the holes and secure the RPE to the dual mount bracket.
Use four 1/4" by 1" long bolts, as well as four hex nuts, four lock washers and
four flat washers.
Installing Dual Mount Bracket
Mount the dual mount bracket (base assembly A0765861) to the mounting
pole using the supplied clamps and bolts.
Attach the two clamps (P0887173) onto the base assembly/dual mount
bracket using four 1/2" bolts, four 1/2" lock washers and four 1/2" flat
washers.
Screw two 1/2" by 6 1/4" long threaded rods into each clamp.
Position the clamps close to the mounting pole, with the rods straddling the
pole.
Place the saddle supports (P0890191) on the opposite side of pole and screw
the threaded rods through them. Secure them with flat and lock washers and
hex nuts.
Sit dual mount bracket onto stabilizing collar for support.
BTR 38 GHz Installation Guide
1-14 BTR 38 GHz Release 1.2
Installing the Radios
Install the primary transceiver on the left exterior side of the dual mount
bracket (front view). Refer to Figure 1-3.
Insert the compression lug, adjacent to the unpainted area of the bracket unit,
and secure with 3/8" screw and flat and spring washers. Crimp a number 6
AWG ground wire to the lug.
Insert the top two 3/8" screws and secure with flat and spring washers.
Position the back-up transceiver on the right interior side of the bracket (front
view).
Secure it the same way as the primary transceiver.
Note: The dual mount bracket with the RPE and two transceivers weighs
approximately 100 lbs.
Installing the Adjustment Arm
Mount the adjustment arm/handle assembly (P0888357) to the bottom of the
dual mount bracket. Refer to Figure 1-3.
Position the left side of the handle on the left interior side and the right side of
the handle on the right exterior side of the dual mount bracket assembly.
Screw four 3/8" by 7/8" long bolts through the mount to each transceiver, two
bolts per side. Secure with flat and spring washers.
The adjustment arm with the transceivers attached can be adjusted up and
down vertically. It can be adjusted 23° down and 7° up, that is angled down or
up. Refer to Figures 1-7 and 1-8.
The polarity of the transmit and receive signals at the transceivers’ antennas
are separated by 90°. Horizontal and vertical polarity is marked on the
antennas.
Note: The bracket can accommodate a range in pole diameter between
2.5" and 4.5" (outside diameter).
Wind loading spec: maximum 45 pounds lateral force in any direction
during a 100 MPH wind
411-1333-204.01.02 Preliminary March 1999
BTR 38 GHz Release 1.2 1-15
Figure 1-3
Dual Mount Bracket-Front View
RPE unit
Primary Transceiver
Back-up Transceiver
Antenna
Adjustment Arm/Handle Assembly
Figure 1-4
Dual Mount Bracket-Bottom View
Saddle Bracket
Mounting Pole
Heat Sink
BTR Transceiver
RPE unit
Adjustment Arm
Antenna
BTR 38 GHz Installation Guide
1-16 BTR 38 GHz Release 1.2
Figure 1-5
Dual Mount Bracket-Top View
Figure 1-6
Dual Mount Bracket-Side View
411-1333-204.01.02 Preliminary March 1999
BTR 38 GHz Release 1.2 1-17
Figure 1-7
Dual Mount Bracket-Adjustment Above Horizon
7°
Figure 1-8
Dual Mount Bracket-Adjustment Below Horizon
23°
BTR 38 GHz Installation Guide
1-18 BTR 38 GHz Release 1.2
Installing Indoor Equipment
Both the primary and the redundant BTR 38 GHzs are connected to and
switched by the RPE 9000. The RPE 9000 is connected to both the RSM 9016
and the RSM 9116. The RSM 9016 is connected to the SMMs, while the
RSM 9116 is connected to the SDMs. The RSM 9016, RSM 9116, SMMs
(Signal Modulator Module) and SDMs (Signal Demodulator Module) are
installed in the NNE (Network Node Equipment unit). The SMMs modulate
ATM cells for wireless transport, while the SDMs interface RF to digital at
the base station and demodulates the QAM signal.
Install the indoor equipment associated with the BTR 38 GHz microwave
transceiver as follows:
1. Connect the telemetry cable from the RPE 9000’s telemetry connector to
the RSM 9016.
2. Connect the TX/PS coaxial cable from the RPE 9000 to the RSM 9016.
3. Connect the RX coaxial cable from the RPE 9000 to the RSM 9116.
4. Refer to the Reunion Redundancy Switching Matrix Installation Guide,
411-1313-201.
5. Refer to site specific documentation for detailed information, such as the
supplied engineer’s documentation.
Figure 1-9
Block Diagram showing BTR 38 GHz indoor set-up
BTR 38 GHz
BTR 38 GHz
TX/PS
RX
TX/PS
RX
RPE 9000
Telemetry
Telemetry
TX/PS
RX
Telemetry
-48 DC
RSM 9016
.......
SMMs
411-1333-204.01.02 Preliminary March 1999
RSM 9116
......
SDMs
BTR 38 GHz Release 1.2 1-19
Figure 1-10
BTR 38 GHz Side View
Antenna Flange
Screw
Scews to hold lens
Lens
Antenna
Center of Gravity
Remove bottom
screw for drainage
Connectors
BTR 38 GHz Installation Guide
1-20 BTR 38 GHz Release 1.2
Figure 1-11
The BTR 38 GHz Bottom View
Antenna Flange
Fin Array/Heat Sink
Screws to hold lens
Antenna
Center of Gravity
VHF Test Port
TX/PS Input
connect to N Type
Remove bottom
screw for drainage
DRO Test Port
Telemetry Connector
RX IF cable
connect to N Type
Mount Pole
Threaded Rod
Saddle Bracket
Hex Head Nut
411-1333-204.01.02 Preliminary March 1999
BTR 38 GHz Release 1.2 1-21
Figure 1-12
BTR 38 GHz Mounted to a Pole
Center of Gravity
Screw
Brackets
Antenna
BTR 38 GHz
Mount Pole
Connectors
BTR 38 GHz Installation Guide
1-22 BTR 38 GHz Release 1.2
Figure 1-13
BTR 38 GHz-Adjustment Above Horizon
Antenna
7°
Mount Pole
Figure 1-14
BTR 38 GHz-Adjustment Below Horizon
Antenna
23°
Mount Pole
411-1333-204.01.02 Preliminary March 1999
BTR 38 GHz Release 1.2 1-23
Figure 1-15
BTR 38 GHz-Bracket Components
Figure 1-16
BTR 38 GHz Brackets
Brackets
attached to
BTR 38 GHz
BTR 38 GHz Installation Guide
1-24 BTR 38 GHz Release 1.2
Figure 1-17
BTR 38 GHz Connectors -Bottom View
Fin Array
TX/PS Input
VHF Test Port
DRO Test Port
RX IF Output
Saddle Bracket
Telemetry Connector
Figure 1-18
BTR 38 GHz Fin Array
Fin array (heat sink)
411-1333-204.01.02 Preliminary March 1999
Connectors
BTR 38 GHz Release 1.2 1-25
Figure 1-19
BTR 38 GHz Antenna Flange
Fin array (heat sink)
Flange
Dowel Pin Hole
Dowel Pin Hole
Connectors
Antenna
Mounting Hole
Pole Bracket
Figure 1-20
BTR 38 GHz Radio
Flange
Fin array (heat sink)
Antenna
Mounting Hole
Connectors
Pole Bracket
BTR 38 GHz Installation Guide
1-26 BTR 38 GHz Release 1.2
Figure 1-21
BTR Mounted on a Pole
Fin Array
Dowel Pin Hole
Pole Bracket
Antenna Mounting Hole
Flange
Figure 1-22
BTR Antenna
Screws
Lens Antenna
Waveguide Opening
Locating pins
Gasket
411-1333-204.01.02 Preliminary March 1999
Support Boss
Antenna Flange
BTR 38 GHz Release 1.2 1-27
Figure 1-23
BTR prototype showing antenna
Fin Array
Antenna Flange
Support Boss
Connectors
Antenna
BTR 38 GHz Installation Guide
1-28 BTR 38 GHz Release 1.2
BTR 38 GHz Maintenance
Establish a regular check procedure. This quickly identifies any problem
which might develop. There are no repairable internal components in the BTR
38 GHz. Therefore, the checks focus on the exterior features of the
transceiver unit.
Mechanical Checks
Check the following mechanical areas to prevent problems:
1. Check the bolts and fasteners which hold the transceiver, waveguides, and
antenna. Vibrations due to wind can cause bolts and fasteners to loosen.
Verify that equipment is secure and properly mounted. If the bolts or
fasteners are loose, tighten them carefully. Use lock and spring washers.
2. Check to ensure that all connections between the transceiver and antenna
remain watertight. If water enters the waveguide or coaxial connections, it
can cause attenuation of the microwave signals. If water is detected, call
Nortel Networks Broadband Wireless Access.
3. Visually inspect all equipment for signs of external damage. If signs of
damage are detected, call Nortel Broadband Wireless Access.
Note: If you detect an unsolvable problem during the electrical and
mechanical inspections, contact Nortel Networks Broadband Wireless
Access so that action can be taken to rectify the problem.
411-1333-204.01.02 Preliminary March 1999
BTR 38 GHz Release 1.2 1-29
BTR 38 GHz Diagnostic Reference Chart
Symptom
Possible Cause
Check Procedure
Output power low
1. VHF input signal level low.
a. Check VHF signal level.
b. Check coaxial cable.
c. Check cable connectors.
d. Check blockage (for example guano)
No power
a. Check main fuse power
b. Check cable connections
If you detect any problem during the electrical and mechanical checks, contact Nortel
Networks Broadband Wireless Access so that action can be taken to rectify the problem.
Caution
Warranty void if seal is opened. This means do not
attempt to remove cover.
Caution
Warranty void if BTR is not equipped with
lightening arrestor.
BTR 38 GHz Installation Guide
1-30 BTR 38 GHz Release 1.2
411-1333-204.01.02 Preliminary March 1999
2-1
Grounding and Surge Protection
Grounding/Lightning Protection
Scope
This chapter presents guidelines for the grounding and electrical protection of
Reunion equipment in typical buildings, assuming
1. indoor equipment is installed in an appropriate equipment room and
2. outdoor equipment is installed on rooftops using a pole mount.
Further, Nortel Networks assumes building electrical systems comply with
the appropriate national and local regulations.
Grounding Methods/Indoor Equipment
Components of a communications system can be grounded together using an
isolated bonding network (IBN). The IBN can be configured in several different
ways:
1. Mesh
2. Mesh – IBN with bonding mat
3. Star or sparse-mesh
In turn, the IBN is bonded at a single point to the Common Bonding Network
(CBN) that forms the principal bonding network in a building. Figure 2-1
shows a typical installation:
BTR 38 GHz Installation Guide
2-2 Grounding and Surge Protection
Figure 2-1
Typical Grounding configuration for Indoor Equipment
Collector Cable
Cabinet 1
Cabinet 2
Cabinet 3
Cabinet N
Mesh Connection
SPG
The single point ground (SPG) represents the connection of IBN to the
building grounding system.
Wire Gauge Guidelines
Main bonding conductors
All main bonding conductors in the equipment room shall be No. 2 AWG or
larger copper wires.
Other bonding conductors
All other bonding conductors in the room, including
• bonding individual frames/cabinets to the collector cable, supplementary
conductor or BPG
• bonding conductors of other metallic objects such as cable trays and
building utility equipment
are No. 6 AWG or larger insulated copper conductors.
411-1333-204.01.02 Preliminary March 1999
Grounding and Surge Protection 2-3
Outdoor Equipment: the need for surge (lightning) protection
Apart from the need to provide good grounding for safety, outdoor equipment
is subject to more environmental hazards than is indoor equipment. Radio
communication equipment, with antennas mounted well above ground level,
have conductive parts exposed to lightning.
Safety needs are met by grounding practices and protection needs are met by a
combination of grounding and protective devices. Many protective devices are
available:
• air terminals,
• solid state OVPs,
• filters,
• zeners,
• MoVs,
• isolators
• capacitors,
• resistors,
• QWS and more.
The application of these devices is beyond the scope of this document. The
equipment designer needs to consider both the protection requirements and
the geographic region where the equipment is installed.
Grounding and Lightning Protection
In general, all exposed metallic equipment must be grounded. Besides the
need for lightning protection, it is desirable to conduct induced current to
ground through as low a resistance as possible, along as short a path as
possible.
In practice this means multiple ground connections and multiple conductors.
Figure 2-2 shows a typical rooftop installation of Reunion customer premise
equipment. Figure 2-3 shows a typical rooftop installation of Reunion base
station transceiver (BTR).
The radio equipment should, where possible, be grounded through the ground
lug using a 6AWG bonding wire to the building common bonding network.
Alternatively, the equipment can be grounded through the mounting bracket.
Provision must be made to prevent corrosion on the metallic contact surfaces.
Similarly, the installer shall ensure that there is a good metallic connection to
the building CBN.
If a common mounting plate is used for the two redundant BTRs and the radio
power extractor (RPE), the installer shall insure that ground continuity to the
CBN is maintained and corrosion protection is applied. The common
BTR 38 GHz Installation Guide
2-4 Grounding and Surge Protection
mounting plate should be considered as an alternative bonding to the
preferred technique of separately bonding each BTR and RPE. The size of the
bonding wire should be #6 AWG.
The coaxial cable shall be bonded at least at the RPE/BTR/CTR and at the
building entry. For a tower higher than 30 meters (98 ft), the cable shall be
bonded at 30 meter intervals. The size of the bonding conductor shall be #6
AWG or larger.
Mount the radio in an area protected from lightning strikes. If local conditions
require an air terminal, install it in accordance with ANSI/NFPA 780. The air
terminals are shown schematically in Figures 1-2 and 1-3. The air terminal
(lightning rod) if used, is at least 1 meter (3.3 ft) above the highest object
being protected and within 2 meters (6.6 ft) ± 30 cm (1.0 ft) of the object.
Caution
Do not install Reunion equipment on lightning
protection air terminals.
411-1333-204.01.02 Preliminary March 1999
Grounding and Surge Protection 2-5
Figure 2-2
Rooftop Installation of Reunion Base Radio Equipment
NOTE
Lightning
rod
The outer coaxial cable conductor is
bonded (grounded) at the building
entrance and at the customer
premise transceiver (CTR).
Steel pipe
mount
6.4 cm
(2.5 in.)
1 m
3.3 ft
CTR
Building
entrance
Grounding
plate
to common
bonding network
Surge
arrestors
2 m ± 30 cm
6.6 ± 1.0 ft
to common
bonding network
BTR 38 GHz Installation Guide
2-6 Grounding and Surge Protection
Figure 2-3
Rooftop Installation of Reunion Base Radio Equipment
Lightning
rod
NOTE
The outer conductor of the coaxial
cable is grounded at the building
ground’s entrance and at the BTR.
On the building side, the RPE
comes equipped with surge
arrestors.
1 m
3.3 ft
Steel pipe
mount
6.4 cm
(2.5 in.)
BTR
Redundant
radios
BTR
Surge
arrestors
Building
entrance
RPE
Grounding
plate
Surge
arrestors
to common
bonding network
411-1333-204.01.02 Preliminary March 1999
2 m ± 30 cm
6.6 ± 1.0 ft
to common
bonding network
Grounding and Surge Protection 2-7
Ground connections to outdoor equipment
The grounding lug is supplied with all current releases of outdoor brackets. In
addition, a 6 AWG braided ground wire connected to the common bonding
network is required to complete the ground connection for all microwave
products.
Note: There is no grounding lug supplied with previously-released
microwave products. To retrofit these installations, order one retrofit kit
for each sector and use the following procedures.
Retrofit procedure for grounding the base station equipment
(BTR and RPE)
You will need an NTVG15BA BTR and RPE grounding retrofit kit for every
base station sector to be retrofitted, containing the following parts:
Item
Qty
Vendor part no.
Description
CPC no.
LCA6-38
6 AWG, 3/8” compression terminal (Panduit) for BTR
A0297956
LCA6-14
6 AWG, 1/4” compression terminal (Panduit) for RPE
A0315080
W-2064
1/4” Stainless steel internal tooth lock washer (Spaenaur) for RPE
TBD
W-2069
3/8” Stainless steel internal tooth lock washer (Spaenaur) for BTR
TBD
Use the following method to install the kit on the BTR, referring to Figure 2-4:
Remove the 3/8” mounting bolt, two flat washers and the mounting
washer from the BTR. Discard one flat washer and the locking washer.
Crimp the 3/8 terminal (A0297956) onto the grounding wire.
Install the existing bolt, flat washer, new internal tooth washer, and the
complete ground cable as shown in Figure 2-4.
Use the following method to install the kit on the RPE, referring to Figure 2-4:
Remove the 1/4” mounting bolt and split lock washer as shown in Figure
2-4.
Crimp the 1/4 terminal (A0315080) onto the grounding wire.
Install the ¼” original mounting bolt and a stainless steel internal tooth
washer.
Repeatedly tighten and loosen the fastener assembly, rotating the
internal tooth lock washer, until the powder coating is scraped off and
the bare metal is exposed. Repeat this procedure if required.
Discard the internal tooth washer used to remove the powder coating.
Using new stainless steel internal tooth washers, assemble the complete
ground cable connection, as per Figure 2-4.
BTR 38 GHz Installation Guide
2-8 Grounding and Surge Protection
Figure 2-4
Grounding the BTR and RPE
BTR
Internal tooth lock
washer
Existing
socket head
capscrew
Existing split
lock washer
Internal tooth
lock washer
Cable (not
provided)
RPE
Existing
flat washer
Existing
Hex head
capscrew
Cable (not
provided)
Retrofit procedure for grounding the customer premise
equipment (CTR)
You will need an NTVG15CA CTR grounding retrofit kit for every CTR to be
retrofitted, containing the following parts:
Item
Qty
Vendor part no.
Description
CPC no.
LCA6-38
1/4” Stainless steel internal tooth lock washer (Spaenaur)
TBD
LCA6-14
6 AWG, 1/4” compression terminal (Burndy) for CTR
A0315080
1/4” stainless steel flat washer
P0883797
1/4” x 1” Stainless steel hex head bolt
P0888501
1/4” Stainless steel nut
P0860421
MS35649-2254
411-1333-204.01.02 Preliminary March 1999
Grounding and Surge Protection 2-9
Use the following method to install the kit on the CTR, referring to Figure 2-5:
Install the ¼” stainless steel hex bolt, stainless steel flat washer and the
stainless steel internal tooth washer through one of the four holes in the
CTR. (Refer to Figure 2-5 for the hole location.)
Install a stainless steel internal tooth washer, stainless steel flatwasher
and the 1/4” nut onto the assembly installed in Step 1.
Repeatedly tighten and loosen the fastener assembly, rotating the
internal tooth lock washer, until the powder coating is scraped off and
the bare metal is exposed. Repeat this procedure if required.
Discard the internal tooth washer used to remove the powder coating.
Using new stainless steel internal tooth washers, assemble the complete
ground cable connection, as per Figure 2-5.
Figure 2-5
Grounding the CTR
CTR
Hex head
capscrew
Flat washer
Internal tooth
Lock washer
Hex nut
Cable (not provided)
BTR 38 GHz Installation Guide
2-10 Grounding and Surge Protection
Regulatory Considerations
Electrical
1. UL1950/IEC950
Lightning protection
1. UL1492
2. IEC 65
3. IEEE/ANSI C62.41
4. Bellcore GR-1089-CORE
5. ANSI/NFPA 780 Lightning Protection Code
Grounding
1. CCITT Rec K.27
2. Corporate Standard 4122, Grounding of Communication Systems
It is assumed that building construction complies with NEC Article 250 (US)
or CEC Section 10 (Canada). In the US the recommended ground resistance
is 5 ohms and the maximum for a single electrode is 25 ohms.
411-1333-204.01.02 Preliminary March 1999
3-1
List of terms
AC
Alternating Current
AWG
American Wire Gauge
DBMS
Digital Broadband Microwave System
DC
Direct Current
DRO
Dielectric Resonance Oscillator
EIA
Electronic Industries Association
ESD
Electrostatic Discharge
FCC
Federal Communications Commission
IC
Industry Canada
IF
Intermediate Frequency
kHz
kilohertz, one thousand hertz or cycles per second
BTR 38 GHz Installation Guide
3-2 List of terms
LO
Local Oscillator
LNA
Low Noise Amplifier
LNB
Low Noise Block Downconverter
MHz
MegaHertz, one million hertz or cycles per second
NIU
Network Interface Unit
OCXO
Oven-Controlled Crystal Oscillator
PA
Power Amplifier
PS
Power Supply
QAM
Quadrature Amplitude Modulation, which entails modulating frequency
RF
Radio Frequency
RPE
Radio Power Extractor
RSM
Redundancy Switching Matrix
RSM 9016/9116
Redundancy System Monitor
SDM
Signal Demodulator Module
SMM
Signal Modulator Module
411-1333-204.01.02 Preliminary March 1999
List of terms 3-3
VAC
Voltage Alternating Current
VDC
Voltage Direct Current (Volts Direct Current)
VHF
Very High Frequency
BTR 38 GHz Installation Guide
3-4 List of terms
411-1333-204.01.02 Preliminary March 1999
Family Product Manual Contacts Copyright Confidentiality Legal statements DocInfo
Reunion
BTR 38 GHz
Installation Guide
Nortel Broadband Wireless Access
14 Fultz Blvd.
Winnipeg, Manitoba R3Y 1V3
Phone: 972-BWA-ETAS/972-292-3827; Fax: 204-631-2475
1-800-4-NORTEL (1-800-466-7835)
http://www.nortel.com
 1999 Northern Telecom
Northern Telecom Ltd., all rights reserved
NORTHERN TELECOM CONFIDENTIAL:
The information contained in this document is the property of
Northern Telecom. Except as specifically authorized in writing by
Northern Telecom, the holder of this document shall keep the
information contained herein confidential and shall protect same
in whole or in part from disclosure and dissemination to third
parties and use same for evaluation, operation, and
maintenance purposes only.
Information is subject to change without notice.
Publication number: 411-1333- 204.01.02
Product release : Release 1.2
Document version: Preliminary
Date: March 1999
Printed in Canada

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