Nortel Networks BTRCTR380002-N 38GHz Microwave Transceiver (variant 2) User Manual
Nortel Networks Inc. 38GHz Microwave Transceiver (variant 2)
Contents
- 1. BTR User Manual
- 2. CTR User Manual
BTR User Manual
411-1333-204 Reunion BTR 38 GHz Sub-Band 38-02P Outdoor Microwave Transceiver Installation Guide Release 1.2 March 1999 Reunion BTR 38 GHz Outdoor Microwave Transceiver Installation Guide Document number: 411-1333- 204.01.02 Product release: Release 1.2 Document version: Preliminary Date: March 1999 Copyright Country of printing Confidentiality Legal statements Trademarks 1999 Northern Telecom Northern Telecom Ltd., all rights reserved Printed in Canada NORTHERN TELECOM CONFIDENTIAL: The information contained in this document is the property of Northern Telecom. Except as specifically authorized in writing by Northern Telecom, the holder of this document shall keep the information contained herein confidential and shall protect same in whole or in part from disclosure and dissemination to third parties and use same for evaluation, operation, and maintenance purposes only. Information is subject to change without notice. v Publication history December 1998 • • Draft release of the document Information subject to change without notice • • Preliminary release of the document Information subject to change without notice March 1999 BTR 38 GHz Installation Guide vi Publication history 411-1333-204.01.02 Preliminary March 1999 vii About this guide Purpose This guide provides the information required to install and operate the BTR 38 GHz outdoor microwave transceiver. The BTR 38 GHz is a key microwave component in the Nortel Reunion base station providing transmission facility for two-way digital wireless voice, data and video communications. The BTR 38 GHz is one of the RF (Radio Frequency) products that constitute a Nortel Reunion product line. The associated products include the following types of cell site equipment: • broadband transmitters • broadband receivers • broadband repeaters • broadband transceivers Audience The audience for this document are those who install and operate the BTR 38 GHz. To take full advantage of this guide, you should have a basic understanding of microwave fundamentals and know how to use microwave test equipment. BTR 38 GHz Installation Guide viii Organization 1. This Guide is divided into eight sections: • Product Overview describes the BTR’s components and theory of operation. • Pre-Installation describes the basics of handling the equipment upon arrival. • Reunion Safety Standards provide a quick review of general safety guidelines. • Installing the BTR 38 Ghz explains how to physically install the transceiver. • BTR 38 GHz Maintenance describes basic maintenance procedures to ensure that the transceiver is operating correctly. • BTR 3800 Diagnostic Reference Chart provides a quick troubleshooting guide. • Grounding and Surge Protection explains basic grounding and lightening protections requirements and methods for the Reunion equipment. • List of terms provides a quick reference to terms and acronyms found in the guide. 411-1333-204.01.02 Preliminary March 1999 ix Documentation Suite This Reunion Release has a suite of fifteen documents: Reunion System Overview, 411- 1343 - 010 Reunion Network Node Equipment Installation Guide, 411- 1313 - 200 Reunion NIU 6054 Network Interface Unit Installation Guide, Release 1.2, 411- 1323 - 201 Reunion NIU 6154 Network Interface Unit Installation Guide, Release 1.2, 411- 1323 - 202 Reunion NIU 5008 Network Interface Unit Installation Guide, Release 1.2, 411- 1323 - 203 Reunion BTR 28 GHz Outdoor Microwave Transceiver Installation Guide, Release 1.2, 411- 1333 - 202 Reunion CTR 28 GHz Outdoor Microwave Transceiver Installation Guide, Release 1.2, 411- 1333 - 203 Reunion BTR 38 GHz Outdoor Microwave Transceiver Installation Guide, Release 1.2, 411- 1333 - 204 Reunion CTR 38 GHz Outdoor Microwave Transceiver Installation Guide, Release 1.2, 411- 1333 - 205 Reunion Redundancy Switching Matrix Installation Guide, Release 1.2, 411- 1313 - 201 Reunion Procedures Reference Manual, 411-1343-400 DSS for the NNE User Guide, 411-1343-501 Reunion DSS 1000 for the NIU 6054 User Guide, 411-1343-502 Reunion DSS 1000 for the NIU 6154 User Guide, 411-1343-503 Reunion DSS 1000 for the NIU 5008 User Guide, 411-1343-504 BTR 38 GHz Installation Guide Release 1.2 x Customer Support In addition, Nortel Networks Broadband Wireless Access (BWA) provides 24-hour customer service and technical support to ensure your service operation is trouble-free. If you have questions or need technical support, contact Nortel Networks Broadband Wireless Access at the following telephone numbers: • In the USA and Canada, call 972-BWA-ETAS/972-292-3827 • Fax (204) 631-2475 Write Nortel Networks at: • Nortel Networks Broadband Wireless Access 14 Fultz Blvd. Winnipeg, Manitoba R3Y 1V3 Canada 411-1333-204.01.02 Preliminary March 1999 xi Contents Publication history About this guide vii Purpose vii Audience vii Organization viii Documentation Suite viii Customer Support ix Contents xi BTR 38 GHz Release 1.2 1-1 Product Overview 1-1 How the BTR 38 GHz Works 1-2 BTR 38 GHz Specification 1-4 BTR 38 GHz Component Descriptions 1-6 Diplexer / Power Supply 1-6 Mixer 1-6 Dielectric Resonance Oscillator (DRO) 1-6 Isolator 1-6 Bandpass Filter 1-6 Low Noise Amplifier 1-7 IF Amplifier 1-7 Power Amplifier 1-7 Remote Monitor 1-7 Antenna 1-7 Pre-Installation 1-8 Prevention of Access 1-8 Unpacking Shipment 1-8 Reunion Safety Standards 1-9 Safety Disclaimer 1-9 General Safety 1-9 Electrical Safety 1-9 Installing the BTR 38 GHz 1-10 Attaching the Antenna 1-10 Installing the Tower Equipment 1-11 Dual Mount Bracket 1-12 Installing the Dual Mount Bracket 1-13 Installing Indoor Equipment 1-18 BTR 38 GHz Maintenance 1-28 BTR 38 GHz Installation Guide xii Mechanical Checks 1-28 BTR 38 GHz Diagnostic Reference Chart 1-29 Grounding and Surge Protection 2-1 Grounding/Lightning Protection 2-1 Scope 2-1 Grounding Methods/Indoor Equipment 2-1 Wire Gauge Guidelines 2-2 Outdoor Equipment: the need for surge (lightning) protection 2-3 Ground connections to outdoor equipment 2-7 Regulatory Considerations 2-10 List of terms 411-1333-204.01.02 Preliminary March 1999 3-1 1-1 BTR 38 GHz Release 1.2 Product Overview The BTR 38 GHz outdoor transceiver is a state-of-the-art broadband microwave transceiver designed to operate in the 39.45 to 39.65 GHz frequency band downstream and the 38.75 to 38.95 GHz frequency band upstream. It is a combined broadband transmitter and receiver deployed in Reunion’s point-to-multipoint system. It is compatible with Reunion’s Release 1.2 equipment. The BTR 38 GHz transceiver is mounted on a pole or a building. It features a small size and low noise characteristics. The combination of digital modulation and low-loss mounting results in an efficient and low-cost installation. It has a high-stability reference oscillator. The BTR 38 GHz features the following attributes: • light-weight and compact packaging designed for mounting outdoors • solid-state upconverter and downconverter designs • high frequency stability over a wide temperature range • ±48 VDC input for use around the world The transceiver comprises the following components: • diplexer • power supply • mixers • local oscillator • isolators • bandpass filters • low noise amplifier (LNA) • power amplifier • antenna • remote monitor unit • IF amplifier BTR 38 GHz Installation Guide 1-2 BTR 38 GHz Release 1.2 Figure 1-1 BTR 38 GHz Block Diagram Diplexer IF/PS Input RF Test Dectector Power Supply TX Filter P. Amp Antenna 12 VDC DRO Mixer LO Test Port Mixer LNA Alarm ÕV GND 12V IF Test Port IF Output RX Filter IF AMP Modem/Monitor To RSM 9016 How the BTR 38 GHz Works This section provides an overview of the theory of operation for the BTR 38 GHz outdoor transceiver. Its installation on a pole or building enhances transmitting and receiving capabilities by avoiding the need for long expensive waveguide runs. This technique minimizes the power loss from waveguide attenuation, which results in a highly efficient, compact and cost-effective installation. The high-stability reference oscillator ensures that the transmitter and receiver remain on frequency over a wide operating range, which results in a highly efficient, compact and cost-effective installation. The radio uses a common input cable to carry the 48 VDC and transmit intermediate frequency (IF). The power supply and the IF signals are separated by the diplexer in the radio. The radio uses a sector antenna for both the transmit and receive microwave signals. 411-1333-204.01.02 Preliminary March 1999 BTR 38 GHz Release 1.2 1-3 1. The BTR transceiver’s input coaxial cable carries the IF signals and the power supply to the diplexer. The diplexer distributes the power to the power supply unit and interfaces with the mixer for the IF signals. 2. The 450-650 MHz transmit IF signals enter the mixer which upconverts the signals to the 39.45 to 39.65 GHz band for the transmit path. The received RF band is downconverted to a receive signal in the 50-250 MHz range. 3. The local oscillator (LO) provides local oscillator signal to the mixer. The LO uses a phase-locked dielectric resonance oscillator (DRO) with an oven controlled crystal oscillator (OCXO). 4. The bandpass filters remove the undesired sideband signals, in both the transmit and receive paths. 5. The upconverted signal is fed into the power amplifier which provides the required gain to the microwave signals. The power amplifier output is connected to the antenna through the antenna mounting flange. 6. The received RF simultaneously passes through the antenna mounting flange, where the pass band is filtered and amplified by the Low Noise Amplifier (LNA). The signal is fed into the mixer path. 7. The downconverted signal is fed into the IF amplifier which provides the required gain to the IF signals. The IF amplifier’s output is connected to the IF (RX) output port. 8. The remote monitor unit is monitoring the BTR 38 GHz working status, (temperature, RF output power, power supply voltage and local oscillator status). There are five connectors on the outside of the transceiver case: • The IF (TX) power supply input uses a Type N female jack • The IF (RX) output uses a Type N female jack • Telemetry connector uses a 6 pin military style connector • Test Port (2) use female SMA jack BTR 38 GHz Installation Guide 1-4 BTR 38 GHz Release 1.2 BTR 38 GHz Specification Table 1: BTR 38 GHz Technical Specifications TX IF Input RF Output Frequency Range 450-650 MHz 39.450-39.650 GHz >+27 dBm, -40° to +30° C Output Level (P1 dB) >+26.7 dBm, +30° to +50° C > +26.2 dBm, +50° to +55° C 35 dBm, -40° to +30° C Output Level (IP3) 34.7 dBm, +30° to +50° C 34.2 dBm, +50° to +55° C Input Impedance 50 Ohms Input/Output Connector N-Type Female WR-28 Input/Output VSWR 1.8:1, maximum 1:6:1, maximum Gain (not including antenna) 35±5 dBm, minimum Gain vs. Temperature ±2.0 dB, (-40° to +55° C) Gain Flatness ±1.5 dB over 200 MHz BW Out-band Spurious Emission <-30 dBm Frequency Stability ±2 ppm, max, (-40° to +55° C) RX RF Input IF Output Frequency Range 38.75-38.95 GHz 50-250 MHz Nominal Input Level - 50 dBm Input/Output Connector WR-28 Cover Flange Input P1 dB -26 dBm 50 Ohms Output Impedance Input/Output VSWR N-Type Female 1.6:1, maximum 1.8:1, maximum Gain (not including antenna) 39±5 dB, minimum Gain Flatness ±1.5 dB over bandwidth Frequency Stability <±2 ppm, (-40° to +55° C) Noise Figure SSB < 7.5 dB, -40°to +30° C < 7.8 dB, +30° to +50° C < 8.3 dB, +50° to +55° C Test Port 411-1333-204.01.02 Preliminary March 1999 - 30 dBc, SMA (F) BTR 38 GHz Release 1.2 1-5 Antenna BTR Frequency 38.6-40 GHz Gain 15 dBi, 90° Horn Input/output microwave connector for the antenna WR-28 Mounted on transceiver housing WR-28 flange Size (Height x Weight x Depth) 6" x 3" x 12" TX / RX wave polarity linear, single pole Sectorized Angle Available 15°, 30°, 45°, 60° and 90° Power Supply BTR Input Voltage ±48 VDC Input Current <2 Amp Input Power 100 Watts, maximum Environmental BTR Humidity 100% condensing Altitude 10,000 feet Operating Temperature -40° to +55°C Storage Temperature Range -60° to +75°C Mechanical BTR Size (Height x Width x Depth) 19.2" x 10.3" x 6.7" (49 x 26 x 17 cm Weight without brackets 35 lbs. (16KG) Note: Use the following formula to calculate the converted frequency: TX: ƒRF OUT (GHz) = 39.0 + ƒIF IN (GHz) RX: ƒIF OUT (GHz) = 39.0 - ƒRF IN (GHz) BTR 38 GHz Installation Guide 1-6 BTR 38 GHz Release 1.2 BTR 38 GHz Component Descriptions Diplexer / Power Supply The diplexer separates the IF input signals and the DC power supply. The isolation between the IF path and the power supply path is more than 35 dB. There is also a transient voltage protector on the board to protect the transceiver from possible lightning damage. The 48 VDC power from the diplexer is first regulated to 12 VDC, and then sent to all the modules. Mixer The BTR 38 GHz uses a third harmonic mixer. The mixer uses a 13.0 GHz local oscillator (LO) signal to convert the IF input signals to the 39.45039.650 GHz microwave frequency band. The same LO is used to downconvert the incoming microwave signals to the receive IF frequency band. Dielectric Resonance Oscillator (DRO) The Dielectric Resonance Oscillator is equipped with a OCXO reference oscillator. When the DRO is phase-locked, it provides a 13.0 GHz microwave frequency with the same frequency stability as the reference crystal. When the DRO is phase-locked, the phase-locked voltage at the test port on the DRO can vary from 3 VDC to 10 VDC depending on the chassis temperature and the input reference frequency. The voltage at the alarm test port is approximately 5 VDC. When the DRO is unlocked, the phase-locked voltage becomes an oscillating ramp wave. The voltage at the alarm test port goes down to 0 VDC. Isolator Three isolators provide adequate return loss in the BTR 38 GHz. Each isolator’s maximum forward insertion loss is 0.5 dB, and its return loss is greater than 18 dB. Bandpass Filter The bandpass filter removes the undesired sideband elements and LO leakage, and passes the required sideband signals. 411-1333-204.01.02 Preliminary March 1999 BTR 38 GHz Release 1.2 1-7 Low Noise Amplifier The low noise amplifier (LNA) provides gain in the receive path and amplifies the received microwave signals to the mixer. The gain and noise figure of the LNA are chosen to maximize the overall dynamic range and noise performance of the BTR 38 GHz receiver section. IF Amplifier The IF amplifier provides gain in the downconverted received signals to the required level. It uses a VHF amplifier with 50 Ohms input and output impedance. Power Amplifier The power amplifier provides gain in the transmit path. It boosts the signals in the 39.45-39.65 GHz frequency range to the required level. The amplifier is a solid state amplifier that has high linearity within a high output power range. Remote Monitor The remote monitor unit provides an interface for remotely monitoring the BTR 38 GHz. The unit communicates with the RSM 9016 by way of a shielded twisted pair wire cable. An operator can remotely measure and monitor RF output power (0 to 27 dBm), DRO phase voltage (0 to 10 volts), DRO phase lock alarm (0, 1), internal temperature (-40 to +80°C) and power supply voltage (12 volts). Refer the Reunion Redundancy Switching Matrix Installation Guide, 411-1313-201, the Reunion DSS 1000 (Digital System Supervisor) User Manual, 411-1343-500, and the Reunion DSS 1000 for the NIU 6054 User Guide, 411-1343-502. Antenna The BTR 38 GHz uses a sector antenna for transmitting and receiving RF signals. Physically, an antenna unit, which interfaces to the radio, contains two sector antennas (one for transmit and one for receive). The antenna unit is either horizontally or vertically polarized. One antenna port is connected to the transmit side and the other one is connected to the receiver RF input. The antenna is shipped either vertical-vertical (Tx-Rx) or horizontalhorizontal. Note: Lightening arrestors are not supplied with the BTR transceiver. BTR 38 GHz Installation Guide 1-8 BTR 38 GHz Release 1.2 Pre-Installation Prevention of Access Allow only authorized personnel to access the equipment. Install the equipment in a restricted-access location or similar environment. Failure to prevent unauthorized user access invalidates the equipment warranty. Unpacking Shipment Use the following steps to unpack and inspect the shipment of Nortel Broadband Wireless Access equipment: 1. Copy adequate inventory forms 2. Check each package against the order form and packing slip to ensure that all components are received 3. Check each package for signs of damage 4. Open the package and closely inspect all components for obvious signs of damage 5. Know exactly where you are going to place the equipment, before removing them from the package 6. Carefully remove the equipment from the packaging 7. Save packing material for future use 8. Be aware of electrostatic discharge devices (ESD) requirements when handling BWA equipment Note: For more information, refer to the Electronic Industries Association (EIA) standard, Requirements for Handling ElectrostaticDischarge-Sensitive Devices (ESDS), EIA-625, as well as local and national standards. 411-1333-204.01.02 Preliminary March 1999 BTR 38 GHz Release 1.2 1-9 Reunion Safety Standards Safety and safety considerations are important while using Nortel Broadband Wireless Access equipment. Safety Disclaimer The safety standards discussed in this guide cannot address all safety problems associated with their use or all applicable regulatory requirements. The customers are responsible for establishing appropriate safety and health practices and for determining the applicability of regulatory limitations before their use. General Safety Ensure that installation personnel are trained on CPR (Cardio Pulmonary Resuscitation), as well as on local, regional and national safety standards. When working on Nortel Broadband Wireless Access equipment, follow these guidelines: • Keep your work site clean and free of clutter. • Wear close fitting clothing. • Remove jewelry such as rings, bracelets, or watches. • Where it is possible to dislodge small pieces, wear eye protection. • Place equipment or cabinets on level surfaces. • Wear a safety belt when climbing a tower and installing equipment on a tower. • Work in pairs so that you have someone to help in case of an emergency. Electrical Safety Locate the main power shut-off switch controlling the equipment you are working on. This is important in the event of an accident, so you can quickly cut the power. Disconnect all power when working on power supplies. In an emergency (electrocution): • shut the power off • have someone call for emergency medical assistance • start CPR Warning Do not move in front of the antenna, nor look directly into the face of the antenna when the BTR 38 GHz is running. BTR 38 GHz Installation Guide 1-10 BTR 38 GHz Release 1.2 Installing the BTR 38 GHz Installation is performed in three separate operations: • attaching the antenna • installing the tower equipment • installing the indoor equipment Attaching the Antenna Attach the antenna to the BTR as follows: Ensure that you attach the antenna to the BTR radio at the base station prior to mounting the BTR 38 GHz to the pole. 1. Align the antenna with the two dowel pins that act as an index. 2. Place the flat washer against the antenna flange, followed by the lock washer and then the screw. 3. Use an Allen wrench # 8 to hard tighten the socket head cap screw to a maximum of 28 inch-pounds torque. 4. Complete steps 4 and 5 for all eight socket head cap screws. 5. Ensure that the screw is inserted at the top of the antenna to prevent water entering the antenna. However, loosen it halfway. The bottom screw is removed to allow condensation to drain from the antenna. See Figures 1- 10 and 1- 11. Note: This is a redundant radio system and two BTRs need to be mounted close to each other. One radio is active and the other one is a stand-by. When the BTRs are mounted side by side, ensure that the spacing between the antennas is a minimum 6 inches (for 15, 30, 45, 60, and 90 sectors). When the BTRs are mounted one on top of the other, ensure that the spacing between the antennas is a minimum 1 inch (this is applicable to a 9 elevation beam width. 411-1333-204.01.02 Preliminary March 1999 BTR 38 GHz Release 1.2 1-11 Installing the Tower Equipment Install the BTR 38 GHz microwave transceiver as follows: The radio mounting saddle has no paint on the inside surface in order to provide a grounding. 1. Ensure that the radio mounting surface on the pole is free of paint to provide a grounding. 2. Mount the BTR 38 GHz to a stable pole using the supplied mounting brackets. The mounting brackets accommodate poles with outside diameters from 2.5" to 4.5". See Figures 1-11, 1-12, 1-15, 1-16, and 1-21. 3. There are four 1/2” 13 UNC threaded rods, along with four hex head nuts and flat and lock washers. Thread the rod into the saddle bracket, then tighten with the nut. The flat washer is against the exterior of the bracket, followed by the lock washer and then the nut. 4. Ensure connectors are facing down. 5. Install the BTR 38 GHz so that the fin array (heat sink) is positioned away from external barriers to allow heat dissipation through natural convection and radiation. See Figures 1-11, 1-17, 1-18, and 1-21. The BTR 38 GHz requires 48 VDC power supply unit. 6. Connect the TX/power coaxial cable from the RPE 9000’s TX female NType connector to the BTR’s N-type IF and PS IN port. 7. Connect the RF coaxial cable from the RPE 9000’s RX female N-Type connector to the BTR’s N-type IF OUT port. 8. Connect the telemetry cable from the BTR 38 GHz to the RPE 9000’s telemetry connector. There is a 300 baud modem connection between the BTR 38 GHz, the RPE 9000 and the RSM 9016. See Figures 1-11 and 1-17. 9. Seal all connections using Coax-Seal®, cold shrink or hot shrink tubing. 10. Ground all RF cables at the recommended spacing intervals. (Refer to tower and cable manufacturers’ specifications). 11. Ensure that all feed lines are securely attached to the support structure. Plan for drip (service) loops on all cables. 12. The BTR 38 GHz has a vertical range of motion of +7° over and -23° under the horizon, as shown in Figures 1-13 and 1-14. 13. Refer to Outline and Installation Drawing # PO 883482 and the Reunion Redundancy Switching Matrix Installation Guide, 411-1313-201. Caution Do not turn on the power supply until the installation is complete. After you install the equipment, check the cable connections. BTR 38 GHz Installation Guide 1-12 BTR 38 GHz Release 1.2 Dual Mount Bracket The dual mount bracket provides a single mounting facility for both the primary and the redundant microwave transceivers, and the RPE 9000. In turn, it is mounted on the single pole facility supplied by the network operator. The installer can adjust the elevation of either the individual transceiver or both transceivers in unison. The installer can adjust the lateral angle of the entire radio assembly. A stabilizing collar facilitates the operation of adjusting the lateral angle of the radio as well as secures the unit to the pole. The stabilizing collar consists of a saddle bracket and clamp that are bolted onto the mounting pole. The dual mount bracket sits on the stabilizing collar. Figure 1-2 Installed Dual Mount Bracket with Transceivers Saddle Bracket Dual Mount Bracket BTR Stabilizing Collar 411-1333-204.01.02 Preliminary March 1999 BTR 38 GHz Release 1.2 1-13 Installing the Dual Mount Bracket Installation involves five separate operations: • • • • • installing the stabilizing collar mounting the RPE to the dual mount bracket mounting the dual mount bracket to the mounting pole mounting radios to the bracket mounting the adjustment arm to the dual mount bracket Installing the Stabilizing Collar Bolt the saddle bracket and clamp to the mounting pole. Refer to Figure 1-2. Mount the stabilizing collar first to provide support for the dual mount bracket. Installing the RPE Mount the RPE 9000 between the two transceivers. The front plate faces frontward and the back plate faces backward. Refer to Figures 1-3 and 1-4. Place the RPE flush against the inside back panel of the dual mount bracket. Align the holes. Insert the screws into the holes and secure the RPE to the dual mount bracket. Use four 1/4" by 1" long bolts, as well as four hex nuts, four lock washers and four flat washers. Installing Dual Mount Bracket Mount the dual mount bracket (base assembly A0765861) to the mounting pole using the supplied clamps and bolts. Attach the two clamps (P0887173) onto the base assembly/dual mount bracket using four 1/2" bolts, four 1/2" lock washers and four 1/2" flat washers. Screw two 1/2" by 6 1/4" long threaded rods into each clamp. Position the clamps close to the mounting pole, with the rods straddling the pole. Place the saddle supports (P0890191) on the opposite side of pole and screw the threaded rods through them. Secure them with flat and lock washers and hex nuts. Sit dual mount bracket onto stabilizing collar for support. BTR 38 GHz Installation Guide 1-14 BTR 38 GHz Release 1.2 Installing the Radios Install the primary transceiver on the left exterior side of the dual mount bracket (front view). Refer to Figure 1-3. Insert the compression lug, adjacent to the unpainted area of the bracket unit, and secure with 3/8" screw and flat and spring washers. Crimp a number 6 AWG ground wire to the lug. Insert the top two 3/8" screws and secure with flat and spring washers. Position the back-up transceiver on the right interior side of the bracket (front view). Secure it the same way as the primary transceiver. Note: The dual mount bracket with the RPE and two transceivers weighs approximately 100 lbs. Installing the Adjustment Arm Mount the adjustment arm/handle assembly (P0888357) to the bottom of the dual mount bracket. Refer to Figure 1-3. Position the left side of the handle on the left interior side and the right side of the handle on the right exterior side of the dual mount bracket assembly. Screw four 3/8" by 7/8" long bolts through the mount to each transceiver, two bolts per side. Secure with flat and spring washers. The adjustment arm with the transceivers attached can be adjusted up and down vertically. It can be adjusted 23° down and 7° up, that is angled down or up. Refer to Figures 1-7 and 1-8. The polarity of the transmit and receive signals at the transceivers’ antennas are separated by 90°. Horizontal and vertical polarity is marked on the antennas. Note: The bracket can accommodate a range in pole diameter between 2.5" and 4.5" (outside diameter). Wind loading spec: maximum 45 pounds lateral force in any direction during a 100 MPH wind 411-1333-204.01.02 Preliminary March 1999 BTR 38 GHz Release 1.2 1-15 Figure 1-3 Dual Mount Bracket-Front View RPE unit Primary Transceiver Back-up Transceiver Antenna Adjustment Arm/Handle Assembly Figure 1-4 Dual Mount Bracket-Bottom View Saddle Bracket Mounting Pole Heat Sink BTR Transceiver RPE unit Adjustment Arm Antenna BTR 38 GHz Installation Guide 1-16 BTR 38 GHz Release 1.2 Figure 1-5 Dual Mount Bracket-Top View Figure 1-6 Dual Mount Bracket-Side View 411-1333-204.01.02 Preliminary March 1999 BTR 38 GHz Release 1.2 1-17 Figure 1-7 Dual Mount Bracket-Adjustment Above Horizon 7° Figure 1-8 Dual Mount Bracket-Adjustment Below Horizon 23° BTR 38 GHz Installation Guide 1-18 BTR 38 GHz Release 1.2 Installing Indoor Equipment Both the primary and the redundant BTR 38 GHzs are connected to and switched by the RPE 9000. The RPE 9000 is connected to both the RSM 9016 and the RSM 9116. The RSM 9016 is connected to the SMMs, while the RSM 9116 is connected to the SDMs. The RSM 9016, RSM 9116, SMMs (Signal Modulator Module) and SDMs (Signal Demodulator Module) are installed in the NNE (Network Node Equipment unit). The SMMs modulate ATM cells for wireless transport, while the SDMs interface RF to digital at the base station and demodulates the QAM signal. Install the indoor equipment associated with the BTR 38 GHz microwave transceiver as follows: 1. Connect the telemetry cable from the RPE 9000’s telemetry connector to the RSM 9016. 2. Connect the TX/PS coaxial cable from the RPE 9000 to the RSM 9016. 3. Connect the RX coaxial cable from the RPE 9000 to the RSM 9116. 4. Refer to the Reunion Redundancy Switching Matrix Installation Guide, 411-1313-201. 5. Refer to site specific documentation for detailed information, such as the supplied engineer’s documentation. Figure 1-9 Block Diagram showing BTR 38 GHz indoor set-up BTR 38 GHz BTR 38 GHz TX/PS RX TX/PS RX RPE 9000 Telemetry Telemetry TX/PS RX Telemetry -48 DC RSM 9016 ....... SMMs 411-1333-204.01.02 Preliminary March 1999 RSM 9116 ...... SDMs BTR 38 GHz Release 1.2 1-19 Figure 1-10 BTR 38 GHz Side View Antenna Flange Screw Scews to hold lens Lens Antenna Center of Gravity Remove bottom screw for drainage Connectors BTR 38 GHz Installation Guide 1-20 BTR 38 GHz Release 1.2 Figure 1-11 The BTR 38 GHz Bottom View Antenna Flange Fin Array/Heat Sink Screws to hold lens Antenna Center of Gravity VHF Test Port TX/PS Input connect to N Type Remove bottom screw for drainage DRO Test Port Telemetry Connector RX IF cable connect to N Type Mount Pole Threaded Rod Saddle Bracket Hex Head Nut 411-1333-204.01.02 Preliminary March 1999 BTR 38 GHz Release 1.2 1-21 Figure 1-12 BTR 38 GHz Mounted to a Pole Center of Gravity Screw Brackets Antenna BTR 38 GHz Mount Pole Connectors BTR 38 GHz Installation Guide 1-22 BTR 38 GHz Release 1.2 Figure 1-13 BTR 38 GHz-Adjustment Above Horizon Antenna 7° Mount Pole Figure 1-14 BTR 38 GHz-Adjustment Below Horizon Antenna 23° Mount Pole 411-1333-204.01.02 Preliminary March 1999 BTR 38 GHz Release 1.2 1-23 Figure 1-15 BTR 38 GHz-Bracket Components Figure 1-16 BTR 38 GHz Brackets Brackets attached to BTR 38 GHz BTR 38 GHz Installation Guide 1-24 BTR 38 GHz Release 1.2 Figure 1-17 BTR 38 GHz Connectors -Bottom View Fin Array TX/PS Input VHF Test Port DRO Test Port RX IF Output Saddle Bracket Telemetry Connector Figure 1-18 BTR 38 GHz Fin Array Fin array (heat sink) 411-1333-204.01.02 Preliminary March 1999 Connectors BTR 38 GHz Release 1.2 1-25 Figure 1-19 BTR 38 GHz Antenna Flange Fin array (heat sink) Flange Dowel Pin Hole Dowel Pin Hole Connectors Antenna Mounting Hole Pole Bracket Figure 1-20 BTR 38 GHz Radio Flange Fin array (heat sink) Antenna Mounting Hole Connectors Pole Bracket BTR 38 GHz Installation Guide 1-26 BTR 38 GHz Release 1.2 Figure 1-21 BTR Mounted on a Pole Fin Array Dowel Pin Hole Pole Bracket Antenna Mounting Hole Flange Figure 1-22 BTR Antenna Screws Lens Antenna Waveguide Opening Locating pins Gasket 411-1333-204.01.02 Preliminary March 1999 Support Boss Antenna Flange BTR 38 GHz Release 1.2 1-27 Figure 1-23 BTR prototype showing antenna Fin Array Antenna Flange Support Boss Connectors Antenna BTR 38 GHz Installation Guide 1-28 BTR 38 GHz Release 1.2 BTR 38 GHz Maintenance Establish a regular check procedure. This quickly identifies any problem which might develop. There are no repairable internal components in the BTR 38 GHz. Therefore, the checks focus on the exterior features of the transceiver unit. Mechanical Checks Check the following mechanical areas to prevent problems: 1. Check the bolts and fasteners which hold the transceiver, waveguides, and antenna. Vibrations due to wind can cause bolts and fasteners to loosen. Verify that equipment is secure and properly mounted. If the bolts or fasteners are loose, tighten them carefully. Use lock and spring washers. 2. Check to ensure that all connections between the transceiver and antenna remain watertight. If water enters the waveguide or coaxial connections, it can cause attenuation of the microwave signals. If water is detected, call Nortel Networks Broadband Wireless Access. 3. Visually inspect all equipment for signs of external damage. If signs of damage are detected, call Nortel Broadband Wireless Access. Note: If you detect an unsolvable problem during the electrical and mechanical inspections, contact Nortel Networks Broadband Wireless Access so that action can be taken to rectify the problem. 411-1333-204.01.02 Preliminary March 1999 BTR 38 GHz Release 1.2 1-29 BTR 38 GHz Diagnostic Reference Chart Symptom Possible Cause Check Procedure Output power low 1. VHF input signal level low. a. Check VHF signal level. b. Check coaxial cable. c. Check cable connectors. d. Check blockage (for example guano) No power a. Check main fuse power b. Check cable connections If you detect any problem during the electrical and mechanical checks, contact Nortel Networks Broadband Wireless Access so that action can be taken to rectify the problem. Caution Warranty void if seal is opened. This means do not attempt to remove cover. Caution Warranty void if BTR is not equipped with lightening arrestor. BTR 38 GHz Installation Guide 1-30 BTR 38 GHz Release 1.2 411-1333-204.01.02 Preliminary March 1999 2-1 Grounding and Surge Protection Grounding/Lightning Protection Scope This chapter presents guidelines for the grounding and electrical protection of Reunion equipment in typical buildings, assuming 1. indoor equipment is installed in an appropriate equipment room and 2. outdoor equipment is installed on rooftops using a pole mount. Further, Nortel Networks assumes building electrical systems comply with the appropriate national and local regulations. Grounding Methods/Indoor Equipment Components of a communications system can be grounded together using an isolated bonding network (IBN). The IBN can be configured in several different ways: 1. Mesh 2. Mesh – IBN with bonding mat 3. Star or sparse-mesh In turn, the IBN is bonded at a single point to the Common Bonding Network (CBN) that forms the principal bonding network in a building. Figure 2-1 shows a typical installation: BTR 38 GHz Installation Guide 2-2 Grounding and Surge Protection Figure 2-1 Typical Grounding configuration for Indoor Equipment Collector Cable Cabinet 1 Cabinet 2 Cabinet 3 Cabinet N Mesh Connection SPG The single point ground (SPG) represents the connection of IBN to the building grounding system. Wire Gauge Guidelines Main bonding conductors All main bonding conductors in the equipment room shall be No. 2 AWG or larger copper wires. Other bonding conductors All other bonding conductors in the room, including • bonding individual frames/cabinets to the collector cable, supplementary conductor or BPG • bonding conductors of other metallic objects such as cable trays and building utility equipment are No. 6 AWG or larger insulated copper conductors. 411-1333-204.01.02 Preliminary March 1999 Grounding and Surge Protection 2-3 Outdoor Equipment: the need for surge (lightning) protection Apart from the need to provide good grounding for safety, outdoor equipment is subject to more environmental hazards than is indoor equipment. Radio communication equipment, with antennas mounted well above ground level, have conductive parts exposed to lightning. Safety needs are met by grounding practices and protection needs are met by a combination of grounding and protective devices. Many protective devices are available: • air terminals, • solid state OVPs, • filters, • zeners, • MoVs, • isolators • capacitors, • resistors, • QWS and more. The application of these devices is beyond the scope of this document. The equipment designer needs to consider both the protection requirements and the geographic region where the equipment is installed. Grounding and Lightning Protection In general, all exposed metallic equipment must be grounded. Besides the need for lightning protection, it is desirable to conduct induced current to ground through as low a resistance as possible, along as short a path as possible. In practice this means multiple ground connections and multiple conductors. Figure 2-2 shows a typical rooftop installation of Reunion customer premise equipment. Figure 2-3 shows a typical rooftop installation of Reunion base station transceiver (BTR). The radio equipment should, where possible, be grounded through the ground lug using a 6AWG bonding wire to the building common bonding network. Alternatively, the equipment can be grounded through the mounting bracket. Provision must be made to prevent corrosion on the metallic contact surfaces. Similarly, the installer shall ensure that there is a good metallic connection to the building CBN. If a common mounting plate is used for the two redundant BTRs and the radio power extractor (RPE), the installer shall insure that ground continuity to the CBN is maintained and corrosion protection is applied. The common BTR 38 GHz Installation Guide 2-4 Grounding and Surge Protection mounting plate should be considered as an alternative bonding to the preferred technique of separately bonding each BTR and RPE. The size of the bonding wire should be #6 AWG. The coaxial cable shall be bonded at least at the RPE/BTR/CTR and at the building entry. For a tower higher than 30 meters (98 ft), the cable shall be bonded at 30 meter intervals. The size of the bonding conductor shall be #6 AWG or larger. Mount the radio in an area protected from lightning strikes. If local conditions require an air terminal, install it in accordance with ANSI/NFPA 780. The air terminals are shown schematically in Figures 1-2 and 1-3. The air terminal (lightning rod) if used, is at least 1 meter (3.3 ft) above the highest object being protected and within 2 meters (6.6 ft) ± 30 cm (1.0 ft) of the object. Caution Do not install Reunion equipment on lightning protection air terminals. 411-1333-204.01.02 Preliminary March 1999 Grounding and Surge Protection 2-5 Figure 2-2 Rooftop Installation of Reunion Base Radio Equipment NOTE Lightning rod The outer coaxial cable conductor is bonded (grounded) at the building entrance and at the customer premise transceiver (CTR). Steel pipe mount 6.4 cm (2.5 in.) 1 m 3.3 ft CTR Building entrance Grounding plate to common bonding network Surge arrestors 2 m ± 30 cm 6.6 ± 1.0 ft to common bonding network BTR 38 GHz Installation Guide 2-6 Grounding and Surge Protection Figure 2-3 Rooftop Installation of Reunion Base Radio Equipment Lightning rod NOTE The outer conductor of the coaxial cable is grounded at the building ground’s entrance and at the BTR. On the building side, the RPE comes equipped with surge arrestors. 1 m 3.3 ft Steel pipe mount 6.4 cm (2.5 in.) BTR Redundant radios BTR Surge arrestors Building entrance RPE Grounding plate Surge arrestors to common bonding network 411-1333-204.01.02 Preliminary March 1999 2 m ± 30 cm 6.6 ± 1.0 ft to common bonding network Grounding and Surge Protection 2-7 Ground connections to outdoor equipment The grounding lug is supplied with all current releases of outdoor brackets. In addition, a 6 AWG braided ground wire connected to the common bonding network is required to complete the ground connection for all microwave products. Note: There is no grounding lug supplied with previously-released microwave products. To retrofit these installations, order one retrofit kit for each sector and use the following procedures. Retrofit procedure for grounding the base station equipment (BTR and RPE) You will need an NTVG15BA BTR and RPE grounding retrofit kit for every base station sector to be retrofitted, containing the following parts: Item Qty Vendor part no. Description CPC no. LCA6-38 6 AWG, 3/8” compression terminal (Panduit) for BTR A0297956 LCA6-14 6 AWG, 1/4” compression terminal (Panduit) for RPE A0315080 W-2064 1/4” Stainless steel internal tooth lock washer (Spaenaur) for RPE TBD W-2069 3/8” Stainless steel internal tooth lock washer (Spaenaur) for BTR TBD Use the following method to install the kit on the BTR, referring to Figure 2-4: Remove the 3/8” mounting bolt, two flat washers and the mounting washer from the BTR. Discard one flat washer and the locking washer. Crimp the 3/8 terminal (A0297956) onto the grounding wire. Install the existing bolt, flat washer, new internal tooth washer, and the complete ground cable as shown in Figure 2-4. Use the following method to install the kit on the RPE, referring to Figure 2-4: Remove the 1/4” mounting bolt and split lock washer as shown in Figure 2-4. Crimp the 1/4 terminal (A0315080) onto the grounding wire. Install the ¼” original mounting bolt and a stainless steel internal tooth washer. Repeatedly tighten and loosen the fastener assembly, rotating the internal tooth lock washer, until the powder coating is scraped off and the bare metal is exposed. Repeat this procedure if required. Discard the internal tooth washer used to remove the powder coating. Using new stainless steel internal tooth washers, assemble the complete ground cable connection, as per Figure 2-4. BTR 38 GHz Installation Guide 2-8 Grounding and Surge Protection Figure 2-4 Grounding the BTR and RPE BTR Internal tooth lock washer Existing socket head capscrew Existing split lock washer Internal tooth lock washer Cable (not provided) RPE Existing flat washer Existing Hex head capscrew Cable (not provided) Retrofit procedure for grounding the customer premise equipment (CTR) You will need an NTVG15CA CTR grounding retrofit kit for every CTR to be retrofitted, containing the following parts: Item Qty Vendor part no. Description CPC no. LCA6-38 1/4” Stainless steel internal tooth lock washer (Spaenaur) TBD LCA6-14 6 AWG, 1/4” compression terminal (Burndy) for CTR A0315080 1/4” stainless steel flat washer P0883797 1/4” x 1” Stainless steel hex head bolt P0888501 1/4” Stainless steel nut P0860421 MS35649-2254 411-1333-204.01.02 Preliminary March 1999 Grounding and Surge Protection 2-9 Use the following method to install the kit on the CTR, referring to Figure 2-5: Install the ¼” stainless steel hex bolt, stainless steel flat washer and the stainless steel internal tooth washer through one of the four holes in the CTR. (Refer to Figure 2-5 for the hole location.) Install a stainless steel internal tooth washer, stainless steel flatwasher and the 1/4” nut onto the assembly installed in Step 1. Repeatedly tighten and loosen the fastener assembly, rotating the internal tooth lock washer, until the powder coating is scraped off and the bare metal is exposed. Repeat this procedure if required. Discard the internal tooth washer used to remove the powder coating. Using new stainless steel internal tooth washers, assemble the complete ground cable connection, as per Figure 2-5. Figure 2-5 Grounding the CTR CTR Hex head capscrew Flat washer Internal tooth Lock washer Hex nut Cable (not provided) BTR 38 GHz Installation Guide 2-10 Grounding and Surge Protection Regulatory Considerations Electrical 1. UL1950/IEC950 Lightning protection 1. UL1492 2. IEC 65 3. IEEE/ANSI C62.41 4. Bellcore GR-1089-CORE 5. ANSI/NFPA 780 Lightning Protection Code Grounding 1. CCITT Rec K.27 2. Corporate Standard 4122, Grounding of Communication Systems It is assumed that building construction complies with NEC Article 250 (US) or CEC Section 10 (Canada). In the US the recommended ground resistance is 5 ohms and the maximum for a single electrode is 25 ohms. 411-1333-204.01.02 Preliminary March 1999 3-1 List of terms AC Alternating Current AWG American Wire Gauge DBMS Digital Broadband Microwave System DC Direct Current DRO Dielectric Resonance Oscillator EIA Electronic Industries Association ESD Electrostatic Discharge FCC Federal Communications Commission IC Industry Canada IF Intermediate Frequency kHz kilohertz, one thousand hertz or cycles per second BTR 38 GHz Installation Guide 3-2 List of terms LO Local Oscillator LNA Low Noise Amplifier LNB Low Noise Block Downconverter MHz MegaHertz, one million hertz or cycles per second NIU Network Interface Unit OCXO Oven-Controlled Crystal Oscillator PA Power Amplifier PS Power Supply QAM Quadrature Amplitude Modulation, which entails modulating frequency RF Radio Frequency RPE Radio Power Extractor RSM Redundancy Switching Matrix RSM 9016/9116 Redundancy System Monitor SDM Signal Demodulator Module SMM Signal Modulator Module 411-1333-204.01.02 Preliminary March 1999 List of terms 3-3 VAC Voltage Alternating Current VDC Voltage Direct Current (Volts Direct Current) VHF Very High Frequency BTR 38 GHz Installation Guide 3-4 List of terms 411-1333-204.01.02 Preliminary March 1999 Family Product Manual Contacts Copyright Confidentiality Legal statements DocInfo Reunion BTR 38 GHz Installation Guide Nortel Broadband Wireless Access 14 Fultz Blvd. Winnipeg, Manitoba R3Y 1V3 Phone: 972-BWA-ETAS/972-292-3827; Fax: 204-631-2475 1-800-4-NORTEL (1-800-466-7835) http://www.nortel.com 1999 Northern Telecom Northern Telecom Ltd., all rights reserved NORTHERN TELECOM CONFIDENTIAL: The information contained in this document is the property of Northern Telecom. Except as specifically authorized in writing by Northern Telecom, the holder of this document shall keep the information contained herein confidential and shall protect same in whole or in part from disclosure and dissemination to third parties and use same for evaluation, operation, and maintenance purposes only. Information is subject to change without notice. Publication number: 411-1333- 204.01.02 Product release : Release 1.2 Document version: Preliminary Date: March 1999 Printed in Canada
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