Omron RFID Business Development Department V740-BA50CX2 RFID Frequency Hopping Transmitter User Manual 511361
Omron Corporation, RFID Business Development Depar RFID Frequency Hopping Transmitter 511361
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V740-series Contents RFID Reader/Writer Antenna V740 RFID Reader ................................. 1 About this Guide..............................................2 Before You Begin ............................................2 Installation Requirements .........................2 Performance Considerations ....................2 Antennas .........................................................4 Antenna Cables ........................................4 Setting the Reader RF Power...................4 Reader Installation ..........................................5 Install the Reader......................................5 Install the Antennas ..................................5 Connect the Reader..................................5 Antenna Connection Options....................6 Reader Configuration ......................................6 Reader Service................................................7 Using the Browser-Based Interface ..........7 Restarting the Reader.............................12 Using Safe Mode ....................................12 Specifications ................................................13 Operation Manual V740-BA50C02US 2 Ports - Reader/Writer V740-BA50C22- 4 Ports – Reader/Writer V740-HS02C Dual Patch Antenna US The OMRON V740 RFID Reader/Writer (herein after denoted as Reader) uses RFID (radio frequency identification) technology to read data stored on RFID tags. The Reader operates analogous to an SQL (structured query language) server, providing tag data in response to requests from another application. A separate software application may be used to direct its operation and provide a user interface. V740 RFID Reader Query Protocol ..... 14 Transport Protocol.........................................14 TCP Connection Setup and Teardown...14 Event/Query Protocol ....................................14 Client Software Requests/Functionality..15 General Observations, Commands, and Syntax .....................................................15 Extended RQL Command Structure supported by the V740............................15 Detailed Command Structure .................17 Errors ......................................................21 Protocol Specific Functionality and Parameter Settings .................................23 915 MHz EPC Class 1 ............................23 915 MHz EPC Class 0 ............................24 Examples.......................................................26 Example 1 ...............................................26 Example 2 ...............................................26 Example 3 ...............................................26 The Reader supports UHF (ultra high frequency) antennas, which are available separately. The Reader supports multiple configurations of UHF antenna ports and transfers data to a remote computer over a network connection. Declarations ......................................... 27 V740 RFID READER OPERATION MANUAL NOTE. SPECIFICATIONS SUBJECT TO CHANGE WITHOUT NOTICE. 1 of 27 REV. 1.1 © OMRON CORPORATION 2004 Performance Considerations About this Guide Reader performance may be affected by external factors including tag variables and environment. This installation and usage guide explains how to install the V740 Reader, how to use the browserbased interface, and how to control the Reader remotely. . Performance tests conducted under typical operating conditions at your site are recommended to help you optimize system performance. Use the instructions provided with the antennas to install and service the antennas. Tag Variables Note: Because customer requirements dictate the placement of Reader and antenna components, your OMRON representative will supply this information separately. There are several variables associated with tags that can affect Reader performance: • Application surface — Some materials interfere with tag performance including metal and moisture. Tags applied to items made from or containing these materials may not perform as expected. • Tag orientation — Reader performance is affected by the orientation of the tag in the antenna field. • Tag model — many tag models are available. Each model has its own performance characteristics. Before You Begin Installation Requirements • The Reader is shipped with a certified limited power source with a cable length of 1.8m (6ft). • Use only authorized antennas and cables to maintain FCC approval (see page 3). • In order to comply with FCC requirements for RF exposure safety, a separation distance of at least 21 cm (8.3 in) needs to be maintained between the radiating elements of the antenna and the bodies of nearby persons. • Provide strain relief for all Reader connections. • The minimum screw size for mounting the Reader is #12 (M5). Use suitable wall anchors when mounting to drywall or masonry. • • • Environment Reader performance may be affected by the following: • Metal surfaces such as desks, filing cabinets, bookshelves, and wastebaskets may enhance or degrade Reader performance. Mount antennas as far as possible from metal surfaces that are adversely affecting system performance. An Shielded Ethernet cable must be used to communicate with other devices. • Multiple Readers and antennas can be used in combination to enhance detection at specific locations provided the software application is able to synchronize antenna operation. Devices that operate at 900 MHz, such as cordless phones and wireless LANs, can interfere with Reader performance. These devices may degrade performance of the Reader. The Reader may also adversely affect performance of 900 MHz devices. Recommended minimum configuration for a computer running an application that interfaces with the V740 Reader: • – – – – Antennas operating in close proximity may interfere with one another, thus degrading Reader performance. • Interference from other antennas may be eliminated or reduced by using either one or both of the following strategies: Pentium® 400 MHz processor 128MB memory 10 GB hard drive Microsoft® Windows® 2000 or Windows XP operating system – Base-T-10/100 Ethernet® port – CD-ROM drive V740 RFID READER OPERATION MANUAL – Affected antennas may be synchronized by a separate user application using a timemultiplexing strategy. NOTE. SPECIFICATIONS SUBJECT TO CHANGE WITHOUT NOTICE. 2 of 27 REV. 1.1 © OMRON CORPORATION 2004 – Antenna power can be reduced by reconfiguring the RF Transmit Power setting for the Reader. V740 RFID READER OPERATION MANUAL NOTE. SPECIFICATIONS SUBJECT TO CHANGE WITHOUT NOTICE. 3 of 27 REV. 1.1 © OMRON CORPORATION 2004 Setting the Reader RF Power Authorized Antennas During initial installation, the Reader must be properly configured to use the correct RF power to comply with FCC regulations. DO NOT increase the power beyond this level. The only antennas authorized by the FCC for use with the V740 Reader/Writer are listed below. Detailed information on each antenna is available from their respective manufacturers. The maximum RF power is determined from antenna gain and antenna cable loss using the formula: IMPORTANT: No other antennas may be used with the V740 Reader/Writer without violating FCC regulations. It is the responsibility of the user to comply with this requirement. Pmax = 36 dBm - Antenna Gain + Cable Loss OMRON Dual Patch Antenna For example, if the antenna has a maximum gain of 6 dBi, and the cable has a minimum loss of 1.4 dB, the maximum RF power that may be set is (366 + 1.4) = 31.4 dBm. Model: V740-HS02C Gain: 6 dBi max. Connector: Reverse TNC The Reader RF Power is set through the Settings Page as described on Page 10. Note that in no case may the power be set higher than 32.5 dBm. Recommended Power Settings Antenna Cables Antenna Type The only cables authorized by the FCC for use with the V740 Reader/Writerare listed below: V740-HS02C Short Cable 31.4 dBm Long Cable 31.5dBm Short R-TNC/N Model: V740-A01-3.0M Length: 9.8' Insertion Loss: 1.4 dB min. Cable Type: 3D-2V Connectors: Reverse TNC to Type N Long R-TNC/N Model: V740-A01-10M Length: 32.8' Insertion Loss: 1.5 dB min. Cable Type: 5D-SFA Connectors: Reverse TNC to Type N V740 RFID READER OPERATION MANUAL NOTE. SPECIFICATIONS SUBJECT TO CHANGE WITHOUT NOTICE. 4 of 27 REV. 1.1 © OMRON CORPORATION 2004 Install the Antennas Reader Installation The antennas can be mounted directly to a variety of surfaces. Follow the installation instructions provided with the antennas. The following parts are provided with the Reader: Part Qty. Part Number V740 RFID Reader V740-BA50C**-US Power Supply Operation Manual This manual Connect the Reader IMPORTANT: Be sure the user reads the section on Declarations to maintain compliance with FCC regulations. A = RJ-45 Ethernet port Install the Reader B = Safe Mode button You can place the Reader on a shelf or mount it to a wall. C = RS232/RS485,GPIO(not available) D = DC power input One to four dual-antennas can be connected to the Reader, depending on the number of cards installed. Silk-screen markings on the Reader identify the cards installed. To mount the Reader on a wall: 1. Hold the Reader in its mounting location and mark the position of the mounting screws (2). Minimum screw size is #12 (M5). MODULE A STATUS ACTIVITY MODULE B FAULT / ERROR 1. Connect required UHF antennas to the ports on the Reader (see “Antenna Connection Option” on page 6). Mounting holes IMPORTANT: Connect antennas to the ports before applying power to the Reader. Any port not having an antenna connected to it will be disabled when the Reader is powered on. 2. Verify that all antennas are securely connected. 2. Drill holes for the screws and install wall anchors if required. 3. Connect the Reader to the network by plugging an Ethernet cable into the Ethernet port. 3. Insert the screws and tighten until almost flush with the wall. or 4. Slip the Reader over the screws and slide down to lock the screws in the keyhole openings. Connect the Reader to a PC (personal computer) by plugging a crossover Ethernet cable into the Ethernet port. 5. Tighten the screws. [If DHCP is to be used, then the network must be connected before powering up the Reader. If a DHCP server is not found the Reader will fall back to the IP address: “10.0.0.101”.] Mechanical Loading - Mounting of the equipment in the rack should be such that a hazardous condition is not achieved due to uneven mechanical loading. IMPORTANT: The Reader and the antennas are installed by only professionals at specific location and also they must be used at the separate distance of at least 21 cm (8.3in). V740 RFID READER OPERATION MANUAL NOTE. SPECIFICATIONS SUBJECT TO CHANGE WITHOUT NOTICE. 5 of 27 REV. 1.1 © OMRON CORPORATION 2004 the green light will pulse. The Reader is now ready for operation. 4. Plug the transformer provided with the Reader into the DC power input connector. Then connect the transformer to a power outlet. While the Reader is powering up, one green light will be on. After the Reader finishes its power-on self-test, approximately 30 seconds, Antenna Connection Options V740-BA50C02-US V740-BA50C22-US 2-Port UHF 4-Port UHF 1. Exit any Reader applications that are running on the network. Reader Configuration IMPORTANT: Running another Reader application while using the browser-based interface may cause a Reader error. If this happens, reboot the Reader or restart the system using the browser-based interface. In some cases, the application software may provide support for Reader configuration. If so, follow the instructions provided with the application. The following procedure describes how to configure the Reader directly from a network PC using the browser-based interface. 2. Verify that the Reader is operational. All LED’s should be out except for the green power LED which should be pulsing. The Reader is shipped to use DHCP by default but will fall back to the following static network configuration if it is does not get a DHCP lease: 3. Start a Java-enabled web browser from any network-enabled PC. This PC must be configured with an IP address and subnet mask compatible with the Reader’s settings. For example: IP Address: Subnet Mask: Gateway: 10.0.0.101 255.255.255.0 10.0.0.1 IP address 10.0.0.10 Subnet mask 255.255.255.0 You must know the IP address and subnet mask settings for the network environment in which the Reader will be running or you may use Apple’s Rendezvous™ protocol (download Rendezvous™ from Apple’s website) to browse to it. 4. Browse to… http://mercury4/ (dhcp name) or http://10.0.0.101 The V740 Reader/Writer browser-based interface to the tag Reader is displayed. V740 RFID READER OPERATION MANUAL NOTE. SPECIFICATIONS SUBJECT TO CHANGE WITHOUT NOTICE. 6 of 27 REV. 1.1 © OMRON CORPORATION 2004 5. Click the Settings link in the navigation menu. The Modify Settings page appears. Reader performance, change Reader settings, and upgrade Reader firmware. 6. These setting apply to both the LAN interface and the wireless interface. If you wish to use DHCP select the DHCP? Yes radio button; otherwise, enter the required network settings in the IP Address, Subnet Mask, and Gateway fields. The fields will turn red if the gateway is not on the same subnet as the IP address. Then, click the Save Changes button. A navigation menu provides access to the following pages: IMPORTANT: Do not disconnect power until the save process is complete. 7. Set the Reader RF power per instructions on page 4 to correspond to antenna and cable types. 8. Verify that the settings shown are correct. Then, restart the Reader by disconnecting the power cable and then reconnecting it (Restarting the Reader on page 10). It may take several seconds for the Reader to restart. If the IP address was changed, you must type the new address into the browser address field to communicate with the Reader. 9. Once the system restarts, click Save Changes. You are taken to the Settings page. Your changes will be saved and then applied. After the Reader reconfigures its network interfaces, it will automatically redirect you to its status page. There is no need to restart the Reader. • Status—Displays current operational settings. • Query—Allows the user to set frequency of operation, set antennas, set RF air interface protocols, and read tags. • Write—Allows the user to write tags; this is only applicable to tags that are writeable. • Settings—Allows the user to modify network settings. • Firmware—This page can be used to upgrade the tag Reader with new firmware images supplied by OMRON. • Restart—Allows the user to restart the Reader. • Diagnostics—This page provides the current operating settings of the Reader. • Help—This page provides information that is helpful in operating the tag Reader. The browser-based interface can be run from any PC on the network. Care must be taken to configure the PC with an IP address and subnet mask compatible with the current operational settings of the Reader. To start the browser-based interface: IMPORTANT: Do not disconnect power while the Reader is saving its new configuration. 1. Exit all Reader applications on the network. IMPORTANT: Running another Reader application while using the browser-based interface may cause a Reader error. If this happens, reboot the Reader or restart it using the browser-based interface. The Reader is now ready to receive commands from the network. 10. Use the Query page of the browser-based interface to verify antenna operation. 2. Start a Java-enabled web browser from any network-enabled PC. 11. Close the browser window. Start the Reader application on the network. 3. Type the IP address of the Reader to which you want to communicate in the Address field of the browser or use Apple’s Rendezvous™ protocol to browse to it. Reader Service Using the Browser-Based Interface The V740 Reader browser-based interface communicates directly with the RFID Reader. It includes several tools that enable you to monitor V740 RFID READER ANTENNA OPERATION MANUAL NOTE. SPECIFICATIONS SUBJECT TO CHANGE WITHOUT NOTICE. 7 of 27 REV. 1.1 © OMRON CORPORATION 2004 Note: The selected settings DO NOT affect Reader performance associated with other applications. 4. A navigation menu and the Current Operational Settings page appear in the browser. Navigation menu Operating mode pull-down list The following operating modes are available for use with the Query page: Status Page The Status page shows the current settings of the Reader. Selection Description EPC1 CC915 protocol tags using both UHF antenna ports CC915@UHF1 CC915 protocol tags using UHF port 1 CC915@UHF2 CC915 protocol tags using UHF port 2 ALL All protocols using all ports 1. Click the Query link on the navigation menu. The Query page appears. 2. Select the operating mode from the pull-down list. 3. Click the Start button to begin reading tags. Tag data is displayed. Each entry shows sequential tag number, number of times tag was read, tag data, antenna, and protocol. 1. Click the Status link in the navigation menu to display the Current Operational Settings page. 2. Close the browser window if you are finished using the browser-based interface. Query Page 4. Click Stop to stop the tag search. IMPORTANT: You MUST stop the query before exiting the browser-based interface or the Reader will continue to poll antennas. Use the Query page to monitor Reader performance. The Query page is useful for verifying performance when installation is complete and for troubleshooting performance issues. The Query page provides additional options that enable you to control the data that is gathered and how it is displayed: The Query field includes a drop-down list (at the bottom-right of the screen) that enables you to specify the operating mode. The operating mode specifies the tag protocols and antenna ports to be used in conjunction with the Query page. V740 RFID READER ANTENNA OPERATION MANUAL • Bignum checkbox (when checked) displays the total number of unique tags read. The total is displayed in large red numbers directly over the tags read list. NOTE. SPECIFICATIONS SUBJECT TO CHANGE WITHOUT NOTICE. 8 of 27 REV. 1.1 © OMRON CORPORATION 2004 Consider the following guidelines when writing to tags: • Show Raw button displays raw tag data on the Query page. Each entry shows Reader, protocol, antenna, and tag data. • Always place a tag 0.3–0.6m (1–2ft) from the antenna when writing data. The tag may be damaged if it is too close to the antenna. • Only unlocked 915 MHz tags can be used. The write function is not supported for 13.56 MHz tag protocols. • The data to be written must be exactly 16 hexadecimal characters (numerals from 0–9 and letters from A–F). • Always place only one tag in the antenna’s field when writing. If multiple tags are present, they will all be encoded with the same EPC data. • Use the antenna connected to UHF1. To write data to a tag: • Hide Raw button stops the display of raw tag data. 1. Click the Write link on the navigation menu. The Write page appears. • Clear Output button clears the data displayed. • Query Once button initiates a single search cycle after clicking Start. 2. In the top pane, type or paste the 16-character hexadecimal data to be written to the tag. 3. Highlight the hexadecimal data. 4. Click the Make Update button. A query designed to write the highlighted data to the tag appears in the center pane. Write Page Use the Write page to replace the EPC data that is encoded on a 915 MHz EPC Class 1 tag. 5. Place the tag 0.3–0.6m (1–2ft) from the antenna connected to UHF1. Verify that no other tags are in the antenna’s field. 6. Click the Submit Query button to write the data. If the write was successful, the new tag data appears in the bottom pane. To read data from a tag: 1. Display the Write page (click the Write link on the navigation menu). V740 RFID READER ANTENNA OPERATION MANUAL NOTE. SPECIFICATIONS SUBJECT TO CHANGE WITHOUT NOTICE. 9 of 27 REV. 1.1 © OMRON CORPORATION 2004 network settings can be modified. Care must be taken to use correct values or you might be unable to connect the Reader without restarting into safe mode. 2. Click the Make Select button. A query designed to read data from the antenna connected to UHF1 appears in the center pane. 3. Place the tag to be read within the detection zone of the antenna. 4. Click the Submit Query button to read tag data. Query results appear in the bottom pane. Settings Page Use the Modify Settings page to change network settings. Static network settings are ignored when in DHCP mode, and DHCP related settings are ignored when in static IP mode. Please note that your network needs to have properly configured DNS servers if you wish to connect to the Reader via its hostname. Usually when using DHCP, the DHCP server will add the hostname to the DNS server’s database. Device Settings UHF Power (dBm) Class 1 96-bit Support Hostname NTP Server Domain Name Primary DNS Server Secondary DNS Server UHF Output power in dBm. This setting must be adjusted carefully to comply with FCC regulations. Radio button that enables 96-bit tag support. To optimize the Reader keep this setting turned off unless it is needed. Name of the device Server or servers to use for network time protocol Network domain name Primary DNS server Secondary DNS server Radio button to select the default interface for network communications. Default Gateway LAN TCP/IP Settings Use DHCP? 1. Click the Settings link on the navigation menu. The Modify Settings page appears. Vendor Class Identifier Use DHCP Server supplied hostname LAN IP Address 2. Enter the required settings. 3. Click the Save button to save the new settings. IMPORTANT: Do not disconnect power until the save process is complete. LAN Gateway The new settings DO NOT take effect until the Reader is restarted by rebooting the Reader (see Restarting the Reader on page 12). LAN Netmask Radio button that sets the Reader to use DHCP. Extra DHCP parameter for integration and customization. Set this to yes to allow the DHCP server to assign the Reader a hostname. The IP address to use when not using DHCP. It is specified in dotted-quad notation. The default value is 10.0.0.101. When not using DHCP this setting specifies the default gateway to use. It is specified in dotted-quad notation. The default value is 10.0.0.1 TCP/IP netmask to use. The default value is 255.255.255.0. Instructions for Modifying the Settings Changing these parameters changes the Readers settings used on startup. Both radio settings and V740 RFID READER ANTENNA OPERATION MANUAL NOTE. SPECIFICATIONS SUBJECT TO CHANGE WITHOUT NOTICE. 10 of 27 REV. 1.1 © OMRON CORPORATION 2004 Firmware Upgrade Page Diagnostics Page The diagnostics page provides a wealth of information, including the current settings of the Reader, comprehensive version information, and current status of network interfaces. 1. Click the Firmware link on the navigation menu. The Firmware Upgrade page appears. 2. Place the cursor in the Filename field and type the complete network pathname of the firmware file or click the Browse button to locate the new firmware file. 3. Click the Upgrade button to download the new firmware to the Reader. The status frame at the bottom of the page displays the progress of the upgrade if the web browser supports automatic page reload. Click the Refresh button to update the status bar if the web browser does not support automatic page reload. Downloaded firmware IS NOT implemented until the Reader is restarted. If an error occurs during the firmware upgrade, use Safe Mode to recover. Restart Page Use the Restart page to restart the Reader. 1. Click the Restart link on the navigation menu; The Restart Reader page appears. 2. To restart the Reader, click the Restart System button. The following dialog boa appears. 3. Click OK. The following message appears and remains on the screen until the Reader restarts. Then the Status page appears. V740 RFID READER ANTENNA OPERATION MANUAL NOTE. SPECIFICATIONS SUBJECT TO CHANGE WITHOUT NOTICE. 11 of 27 REV. 1.1 © OMRON CORPORATION 2004 Although the browser-based interface pages are displayed in red when operating in Safe mode, the Reader is fully functional. In most cases, the Reader will need to be reconfigured for operation with the Reader application after starting in Safe mode. Help Page Use the Help page to view descriptions of system operations. 1. Disconnect power from the Reader. 2. Depress and hold the Safe Mode button, using a nonconductive object, while restoring power to the Reader. Keep the Safe Mode button depressed until the Reader boots completely (the green Power/Heartbeat LED blinks). Safe Mode button 3. Factory-default settings are restored. 4. Use the browser-based interface to configure the Reader for use with your system. This PC must be configured with an IP address and subnet mask compatible with the Reader default settings. For example: IP address 10.0.0.10, net mask 255.255.255.0. Restarting the Reader Use this procedure to recover from a Reader error. 1. Click the restart link on the navigation menu. 2. Click the restart button and the OK button on the confirmation dialog. Wait for at least 60 seconds for the Reader to boot up. The Power/Heartbeat LED is solid green while the Reader boots. When the LED begins blinking, the boot process is complete. 5. Click the Settings link on the navigation menu and verify the new settings. 6. Restart the Reader with the new settings. Once the restart is complete, the Reader is no longer in Safe Mode. Using Safe Mode Use the Safe Mode button on the Reader connector panel to recover from errors that disable the Reader. Safe mode operation restores factory default settings as follows: Firmware Version: .............. factory installed version UHF (915 MHz) RF Transmit Power:................. 32.5 IP Address: .....................................................DHCP Hostname: ....................................................... V740 V740 RFID READER ANTENNA OPERATION MANUAL NOTE. SPECIFICATIONS SUBJECT TO CHANGE WITHOUT NOTICE. 12 of 27 REV. 1.1 © OMRON CORPORATION 2004 Specifications Electrical Reader UHF operating frequency ................... 902–928MHz Input voltage.........................................24Vdc, 2.0A Separate Power Supply Input voltage.......... Nominal 100–240Vac, 50/60Hz AC line current...................... Nominal 0.5A at 120V Output voltage ...............Nominal 24Vdc, 2.5A peak Certified limited power source Class 2 Environmental Operating temperature: ... 0° to 40°C (32° to 104°F) Relative humidity: ........... 0 to 90% non-condensing Mechanical Reader Length............................................. 26.5cm (10.4in) Width .............................................. 26.6cm (10.4in) Width (with mounting bracket)........... 30.5cm (12in) Depth .................................................. 3.8cm (1.5in) Weight ..................................................1.4kg (3 lbs) Supported Tag Protocols 915 MHz .............................................. EPC Class 1 EPC Class 0 ISO 18000-6B V740 RFID READER ANTENNA OPERATION MANUAL NOTE. SPECIFICATIONS SUBJECT TO CHANGE WITHOUT NOTICE. 13 of 27 REV. 1.1 © OMRON CORPORATION 2004 is made by the Reader to contact the client software to establish a connection. Furthermore, if an extant connection terminates unexpectedly, the Reader will not attempt to contact the client software to re-establish a connection. All responsibility for opening, maintaining, and closing the connection during a session rests with client software. V740 RFID Reader Query Protocol The client software sets up a TCP socket connection on Reader port 8080. After connecting successfully, communication between the client software and the Reader can proceed as described below. Once the client software has determined that communication has concluded, the connection must be terminated at the TCP level. In order to prevent synchronization issues, each Reader will support only one TCP connection. Reference Guide This chapter lays the groundwork for the communication protocol between client software running on a remote computer and V740 RFID Readers. The client software can be any kind of database system, enterprise software, or user software. In this chapter, we discuss the underlying transport protocol used and present the initial communication protocol RQL. This protocol is loosely based on the SQL language with extensions for a better notion of time. This protocol was designed for rapid prototyping of applications, where a full query to the Reader can be encapsulated in a single line of ASCII text. A simple polling mechanism exists for automatically receiving tag events and for testing, a connection can be mode from a standard telnet client. Other transport protocols may be used to communicate between the client software and its subjugate Readers. The application-level protocol discussed below is neutral with respect to the transport layer. Event/Query Protocol The client software can acquire data from the Readers in two modes: (a) by requesting specific data or (b) automatically receive events in another mode. The two modes are discussed in further detail in the following subsections. Transport Protocol In the current implementation, TCP/IP is used as the transport protocol. TCP is a connectionoriented protocol that provides a reliable, in-order data transport layer with end-to-end checksums and flow control. In order to keep the protocol light but comprehensive, we specify a small set of commands that allow the client software to fully configure the Readers and exploit their capabilities. This minimal set of commands includes the ability to request reads based on several relevant criteria (for example, group reads, range reads, reads by prefix, and so on). The ability to reset the Reader database and other control capabilities are also provided for. TCP Connection Setup and Teardown A session between client software and the Reader consists of connection setup, data transactions, and connection teardown. Figure 1 Control flow of RQL At present, all connections are initiated only by the client software. If, for example, the Reader is configured to automatically forward events and/or data to the client software but the client software has not established a connection, then no attempt V740 RFID READER ANTENNA OPERATION MANUAL NOTE. SPECIFICATIONS SUBJECT TO CHANGE WITHOUT NOTICE. 14 of 27 REV. 1.1 © OMRON CORPORATION 2004 General Observations, Commands, and Syntax We note that a Reader behaves very much like database wherein each individual tag represents an entry in the database with a given set of attributes. Due to memory constraints of the Reader, the system will remove entries from the database as they are queried. The syntax for querying against this database is derived from SQL syntax. In the simplest case, the client software explicitly requests data by polling the Readers. The request protocol is implemented in such a way that the client software specifies: Client Software What information it needs. Requests/Functionality • What subset of tags the Reader should consider. The client software is able to make the following requests of a Reader: • Read IDs of all tags within range of all antennas. • Read IDs of all tags within range of a given antenna. • Read IDs of all tags within a certain subset of tag IDs within range of all antennas. • Read IDs of all tags within a certain subset of tag IDs within range of a specific antenna. • Read Individual tag IDs within range of a certain antenna or all antennas. • Read only the Ids of tags communicating a given RF communication protocol. • Return the number of times a given tag was read per query. • Read IDs from a variety of tag protocols • Write IDs to a tag from a variety protocols as they are supported. • Read data from a tag from a variety of protocols as they are supported. • Which read constraints should be applied. Example commands: • SELECT id FROM tag_id WHERE id=0xF00D123456789ABCB0DE AND antenna_id=1; Would return a tag only if its tag ID was 0xF00D123456789ABCB0DE. • SELECT id FROM tag_id WHERE antenna_id=3 OR antenna_id=4 SET time_out=1000; Would return a tag only if the antenna ID was 3 or 4 and will search for at least 1000ms. Extended RQL Command Structure supported by the V740 Extended Command Set for Data and Write, and Lock operations ID Read: Identify tags, including anti-collision. ID Write/Lock: Initialize tag ID, prevent further changes Kill, Password: Disable tag, control access to disable function Data Read/Write/Lock: Access tag data (See Table RQL-1 below) V740 RFID READER ANTENNA OPERATION MANUAL NOTE. SPECIFICATIONS SUBJECT TO CHANGE WITHOUT NOTICE. 15 of 27 REV. 1.1 © OMRON CORPORATION 2004 Table RQL-1 Parameters/Constraints RQL Query Meaning Read () SELECT id FROM tag_id Reads a tag’s id Write (new_id) UPDATE tag_id SET id=0x1234 Gives a tag a new id Lock (locked) UPDATE tag_id SET locked=1 Locks a tag Kill (id, password, killed) UPDATE tag_id SET killed=1 WHERE id=0x1234 AND password=0x1234 Kills a tag Password (new_password) UPDATE tag_id SET password=0x1234 Sets the password of a tag Read (id, blocknum) SELECT data FROM tag_data WHERE id=0x1234 AND blocknum=12 Reads raw data from a matching tag Write (id, new_value, blocknum) UPDATE tag_data SET data=0x1234 WHERE id=0x1234 AND blocknum=12 Writes data to a specific tag and memory block Lock (id, addr, blocknum) UPDATE tag_data SET locked=1 WHERE id=0x1234 AND blocknum=12 Locks a block of memory ID Data With the exception of the ‘ID Read’ command, all commands are protocol and antenna specific and can only be used with a single protocol at a time and with a single antenna at a time. Hence all queries with the exception ‘ID Read’ need to be constraint to one protocol and one antenna using, for example write targets all tag IDs) or disallow tag ID changes entirely. WHERE protocol_id=’CC915’ and antenna_id=1 A complete example of a complete ‘ID Write’ query would be UPDATE tag_id SET id=0x0123456789ABCDEF WHERE protocol_id='CC915' AND antenna_id=1. ‘ID Read’ (enumerate tags) is, by definition, a multitarget command, since it determines what the individual targets are in the first place. There are some special cases to the single-target rule. For example, ID Write is semantically tricky – what does it mean to target a tag if its target ID is going to be changing? In the current state of the art, most protocols do not support addressed ID writes (ID V740 RFID READER ANTENNA OPERATION MANUAL NOTE. SPECIFICATIONS SUBJECT TO CHANGE WITHOUT NOTICE. 16 of 27 REV. 1.1 © OMRON CORPORATION 2004 RQL Table Schema As was mentioned before, RQL is derived from the SQL language, which allows the user to define arbitrary tables. RQL has predefined tables according to the schema below. NOTE: Tag_id and Tad_data values are case-sensitive and are all lowercase only. Read/Write Tag_id Type Read/Write Tag_data Type protocol Int id Hex String antenna Int R/W blocknum Int R/W id Hex String R/W data Hex String killed Int locked Int password Hex String R/W locked Int frequency Int dspmicros Int timestamp string Read/Write Tag_id Type version String supported_p rotocols String boolean_expr can consist of any expression which evaluates to a boolean value. In many cases, this expression will be: expr binary_operator expr or unary_operator expr Read/Write Settings Type current_time String where binary_operator can be one of =, <, <=, >, >= , <>, AND, or OR, and unary_operator can be “NOT”. Parentheses may also be used to create associations of subexpressions. In the presence of a WHERE clause, SELECT will not return any rows for which the WHERE condition does not evaluate to TRUE. Detailed Command Structure A set_specification is entered as: Select, Where, Set SET expression The SELECT command is for querying the tag population of the Reader as well as static variables such as firmware version and supported protocols. The structure of a SELECT command is as follows: In the following we provide some more examples for the usage of SELECT, WHERE, SET: • SELECT select_list FROM table_expression [where_specification] [set_specification]; SELECT id FROM tag_id WHERE id=id AND antenna_id=antenna_id; SELECT id FROM tag_id WHERE id=id SET time_out=500; A where_specification is entered as: The Reader returns the tag if the tag is present followed by an empty event (‘\n’) or an empty WHERE boolean_expr V740 RFID READER ANTENNA OPERATION MANUAL To query a specific tag, given its ePC code, one can specify a specific tag with id as a hexadecimal number: NOTE. SPECIFICATIONS SUBJECT TO CHANGE WITHOUT NOTICE. 17 of 27 REV. 1.1 © OMRON CORPORATION 2004 event (‘\n’) if tags matching the WHERE clause are not present. The first version requests a read from a specific antenna, while the second does not. The second command imposes a time out constraint of 500ms; i.e., the Reader stops reading and returns all collected data after 500ms. The order in which specifying arguments are used is irrelevant. The default timeout if none is specified is 250ms. table and col entries are provided in Table 1. The WHERE clause is specified in the same manner as in the SELECT call above. In the following we provide some examples for usage of UPDATE: • UPDATE tag_data SET data=0xFEDCBA9876543210, block_number=0, lock_code=0xef, password=0xcd WHERE protocol=’CC915’ AND antenna_id=1; Any previous statement’s use of the time_out variable will change the default timeout until a RESET is asserted. It is important to always use a timeout in specifying a query to achieve optimal performance for a given application. This will be discussed later in section • The Reader returns the tag_id if the write operation was successful or “Error 128: Error encountered while attempting to process tags\n\n” in safe mode, and "Error 128: Error encountered while attempting to process tags\n\n" in single query mode otherwise. To query a specific sub class of tags, given a range of ePCs: SELECT id FROM tag_id WHERE tag_id>min_tag_id AND tag_id2s), and short time_outs should be used for conveyor belts (<100ms). SELECT id FROM tag_id SET time_out=1000; SET auto c = ON, repeat = 500; V740 RFID READER ANTENNA OPERATION MANUAL NOTE. SPECIFICATIONS SUBJECT TO CHANGE WITHOUT NOTICE. 19 of 27 REV. 1.1 © OMRON CORPORATION 2004 The constraints on the scheduler in the V740 for the time_out are shown below. Time is equally divided among the specified protocols, and then divided among the antennas. V740 will search 3 protocols for 250 ms: EPC0, EPC1, and ISO18000-6b will each get a 83.3ms slot. This will allow all 20 EPC0 tags to be read, but not all EPC1 tags. For all protocols except EPC0, the antenna arbitration algorithm is optimized for the maximizing the read rate of the tags in the field. For EPC0, at this time, each antenna will be arbitrated 112ms of search time. Thus, time division for antennas within a protocol cannot be specified. It is important in specifying a search to specify the protocols one is searching on, or else the Reader will spend time searching for protocols one is not interested in. For specifying the time to search over multiple protocols for a single query, it is important to keep in mind that the time_out parameter should be specified as the worst case of the multiple protocols. If the EPC0 tags are present only on the 4th antenna, the Reader will never arbitrate time to this antenna. A better query would be: SELECT read_count, protocol_id, antenna_id, id FROM tag_id WHERE (antenna_id = 1 OR antenna_id = 2 OR antenna_id = 4) AND (protocol_id='CC915' OR protocol_id='EPC0') SET time_out=1200 minimum time_out = max{num_epc0*epc0_time_per_tag,num_epc1*ep c1_time_per_tag,num_iso*num_iso_time_per_tag ,..}x # protocols x # antennas (ms) e.g. if 40 EPC0 tags takes 1.4 ms per tag and 10 EPC1 takes 16 ms per tag on average. With two antennas: minimum time_out = 2 x 2 x max{40*1.4,10*16} = 640 ms. As another example, if the goal is to search on EPC1 and EPC0 on antennas 1, 2, or 4 for strong 20 tags on each protocol. The query specified is 'SELECT read_count, protocol_id, antenna_id, id FROM tag_id WHERE antenna_id = 1 OR antenna_id = 2 OR antenna_id = 4' V740 RFID READER ANTENNA OPERATION MANUAL Both EPC0 and EPC1 will get 600 ms: each antenna for EPC0 will get 200 ms (above 112ms) should read all 20 EPC0 and 20 EPC1. NOTE. SPECIFICATIONS SUBJECT TO CHANGE WITHOUT NOTICE. 20 of 27 REV. 1.1 © OMRON CORPORATION 2004 SET trigger_time c1 = '2004-0214T18:54:50Z'; Use of RQL for Scheduled Reads The V740 uses the Network Time Protocol as a means to establish absolute time on the Reader. With that capability in place the Reader is enabled to execute tag operations that have been scheduled relative to absolute time. Here is how it works. To run c1 and c2 both for 10 seconds starting at 200401-20 at 15:37 in Eastern Standard Time: SET auto_time c1, c2 = '2004-0120T15:37-05:00/2004-01-20T15:37:1005:00'; First the user declares a cursor, or a set of cursors, in a way similar to how to you use cursors in auto mode. Errors To run the query once at a specific time you use a command of the form: SET trigger_time = '
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