Onset Computer ONST6 HOBO RX Wireless Sensor Network User Manual 22247 2 RXW LIB Manual

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Document Title	RXW Silicon Pyranometer Sensor (RXW-LIB-xxx) Manual
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Document Author:	Onset Computer Corporation

HOBO® RX Wireless Sensor Network
RXW Silicon Pyranometer Sensor (RXW-LIB-xxx) Manual
This sensor measures solar radiation and is designed to work with the HOBO RX Wireless Sensor
Network in which data is transmitted wirelessly from the sensor mote across the network to the
RX3000 station and then uploaded to HOBOlink® web-based software. With HOBOlink, you can
monitor sensor readings, view graphs, set up alarms, download data, and more.
Specifications
Sensor
Measurement Range
0 to 1280 W/m2
Spectral Range
300 to 1100 nm (see Plot A)
Accuracy
Typically within ±10 W/m2 or ±5%, whichever is greater in sunlight;
Additional temperature induced error ±0.38 W/m2/°C from 25°C
(0.21 W/m2/°F from 77°F)
Angular Accuracy
Cosine corrected 0 to 80 degrees from vertical (see Plot B); Azimuth Error
<±2% error at 45 degrees from vertical, 360 degree rotation
Resolution
1.25 W/m2
Drift
<±2% per year
RXW Silicon
Pyranometer Sensor
Models:
• RXW-LIB-900 (US)
• RXW-LIB-868 (Europe)
• RXW-LIB-922 (Australia/NZ)
Items Included:
• Cable ties
Accessories:
• Light sensor mounting
bracket (M-LBB)
• Light sensor level (M-LLA)
Wireless Mote
Operating Temperature
Range
-25° to 60°C (-13° to 140°F) with rechargeable batteries
-40 to 70°C (-40 to 158°F) with lithium batteries
Radio Power
12.6 mW (+11 dBm) non-adjustable
Transmission Range
At least 304.8 m (1,000 ft) line of sight at 1.8 m (6 ft) from the ground,
457.2 m (1,500 ft) typical
Wireless Data Standard
IEEE 802.15.4
Radio Operating
Frequencies
RXW-LIB-900: 904–924 MHz
RXW-LIB-868: 866.5 MHz
RXW-LIB-922: 916–924 MHz
Modulation Employed
OQPSK (Offset Quadrature Phase Shift Keying)
Data Rate
Up to 250 kbps, non-adjustable
Duty Cycle
<1%
Maximum Number of
Motes
50 motes per one RX Wireless Sensor Network
Battery Type/
Power Source
Two AA 1.2V rechargeable NiMH batteries, powered by built-in solar panel
or two AA 1.5 V lithium batteries for operating conditions of -40 to 70°C (-40
to 158°F)
Battery Life
With NiMH batteries: Typical 3–5 years when operated in the temperature
range -20° to 40°C (-4°F to 104°F) and positioned toward the sun (see
Deployment and Mounting), operation outside this range will reduce the
battery service life
With lithium batteries: 1 year, typical use
Dimensions
Sensor: 4.1 cm height x 3.2 cm diameter (1.61 x 1.26 inches)
Cable length: 2 m (6.56 ft)
Mote: 16.2 x 8.59 x 4.14 cm (6.38 x 3.38 x 1.63 inches)
Weight
Sensor and cable: 109 g (3.85 oz)
Mote: 223 g (7.87 oz)
Materials
Sensor: Anodized aluminum housing with acrylic diffuser and O-ring seal
Mote: PCPBT, silicone rubber seal
Environmental Rating
Sensor and cable: Weatherproof
Mote: IP67
Compliance Marks
RXW-LIB-900: See last page
RXW-LIB-868: The CE Marking identifies this product as complying
with all relevant directives in the European Union (EU).
RXW-LIB-922: See last page
22247-2
RXW Silicon Pyranometer Sensor (RXW-LIB-xxx) Manual
USB Port: Use this port to connect to the mote to a computer
via USB cable if you need to update the firmware (see Updating
Mote Firmware).
Mote Components and Operation
Mounting
Tab
Solar Panel
Button: Push this button for 1 second to illuminate the LCD or 3
seconds for the mote to search for an RX Wireless Sensor
Network to join (see Adding the Mote to the RX Wireless Sensor
Network).
Latch
LCD Screen: The mote is equipped with an LCD screen that
displays details about the current status. This example shows all
symbols illuminated on the LCD screen followed by definitions
of each symbol in the table.
Eyelet
Ground Wire
Port
Sensor Cable
Sensor Mote Closed, Front
LED
Antenna
LCD Symbol
Description
The battery indicator shows the approximate
battery charge remaining.
LCD Screen
This is a signal strength indicator. The more bars,
the stronger the signal between motes. This icon
will blink when you press the button on the mote
to search for a network to join (see Adding the
Mote to the RX Wireless Sensor Network for
details).
Button
LED
USB Port
Battery Holder
This indicates that the mote is not part of a
network. See Adding the Mote to the RX Wireless
Sensor Network for details on how to add a mote
to the network.
Sensor Mote Opened
Mounting Tab: Use the tabs at the top and bottom of the mote
to mount it (see Deploying and Mounting).
This indicates a problem with the sensor itself (the
mote is operational). Check the sensor and make
any adjustments to it as needed. Contact Onset
Technical Support if the problem persists.
Solar Panel: Position the solar panel towards the sun to charge
the mote batteries (see Deploying and Mounting).
Sensor Cable: This is the cable that connects the mote to the
sensor.
Spectral Characteristics
This sensor uses a silicon photodiode to measure solar power
per unit area (watts per square meter). Silicon photodiodes are
not ideal for use as solar radiation sensors and the photodiode
in this silicon pyranometer is no exception (see Plot A). An ideal
pyranometer has equal spectral response from 280 to 2800 nm.
However, when calibrated properly and used correctly, the
silicon pyranometer sensor should perform well in most
situations.
Eyelet: Use this eyelet to attach a 3/16 inch padlock to the
mote for security.
Latch: Use the two latches to open and close the mote door.
Ground Wire Port: Use this port to connect a ground wire (see
Deploying and Mounting).
Antenna: This is the built-in antenna for the radio
communications across the RX Wireless Sensor Network.
Sun's Relative Intensity and the Typical Relative Response of
the Silicon Pyranometer versus Wavelength
Solar Panel Cable: This cable connects the built-in solar panel
to the mote circuitry.
1.0
LEDs: The blue LED to the left of the LCD screen blinks at 4
seconds during normal operation. It blinks more frequently
when initially joining a network. If the mote is not currently
part of a network, the blue LED will be off. If the LED is on and
not blinking, there is a problem with the mote. Contact
Technical Support at www.onsetcomp.com/support/contact.
The yellow-green LED to the upper right of the batteries only
blinks during the process of joining a network.
0.9
Sun's Relative Intensity
0.8
0.8
Silicon Pyranometer
Sunlight
0.7
0.7
0.6
0.6
0.5
0.5
0.4
0.4
0.3
0.3
0.2
0.2
0.1
0.1
0.0
250
Battery Holder: The location where the rechargeable AA
batteries are installed as shown (see Battery Information).
1-800-LOGGERS
1.0
0.9
Photodetector Relative Response
Solar Panel Cable
Sensor Mote Closed, Back
0.0
750
1250
1750
2250
Wavelength (nm)
Plot A: Silicon Pyranometer Sensor Response Curve
www.onsetcomp.com
RXW Silicon Pyranometer Sensor (RXW-LIB-xxx) Manual
2. Press the Select button once (which shows the number of
smart sensors installed) and then press it again once if the
HOBO RXW Manager is installed in the left slot (module 1)
or twice if it is installed on the right slot (module 2).
The sensor is calibrated for use in sunlight (an Eppley Precision
Spectral Pyranometer is used as reference standard).
Accordingly, if the sensor is used under natural sunlight, the
measurement errors will be small. Note that significant errors
may result from using the sensor under artificial light, within
plant canopies, in greenhouses, or any other conditions where
the spectral content differs from sunlight.
Cosine Correction
The silicon pyranometer sensor housing is designed to give an
accurate cosine response. Plot B shows a plot of relative
intensity versus angle of incidence for a typical sensor and for
the theoretical ideal response. Deviation from ideal response is
less than 5% from 0 to 70 degrees and less than 10% from 70 to
80 degrees.
Press this button to view the module
where the RXW Manager is installed
3. Press the Search button (the magnifying glass). The
magnifying glass icon will blink while the RX3000 is in search
mode.
Note that as the angle approaches 90 degrees, the ideal cosine
response approaches zero. As a result, small errors in measured
intensity will result in very large percentage errors compared to
the ideal response from 80 to 90 degrees.
Typical Cosine Response of Silicon Pyranometer
120
Percent Relative Response
100
Ideal Response
Silicon Pyranometer
80
Press this button so the station is ready
to have motes join the network
60
4. Open the mote door and install the batteries if you have not
already done so.
40
20
5. Press the button on the mote for 3 seconds. The signal
strength icon will flash and then cycle.
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Angle from Vertical (Degrees)
Plot B: Silicon Pyranometer Sensor Typical Cosine Response Curve
Adding the Mote to the RX Wireless Sensor
Network
Press this button for 3
seconds for the mote to
join the network
The mote must join an RX Wireless Sensor Network before it
can begin measuring solar radiation and transmitting data. This
requires accessing the RX3000 Station and the mote at the
same time so it is recommended that you complete these steps
before deploying the mote.
6. Watch the LCD on the mote. The signal strength icon and
the LEDs will quickly blink while the mote searches for the
wireless network. Once it has found the network, the icon
will stop blinking and the signal strength bars will slowly
cycle from left to right. As the mote completes its
registration process with the network, the “x” icon to the
right of the signal strength icon will flash and the yellowgreen LED will stop blinking. Once the registration is
complete, the signal strength bars will stop cycling and
remain solid and the channel count on the RX3000 LCD will
be updated. This process may take up to five minutes. Note:
The channel count on the LCD will increase by 2: one for
solar radiation and one for the mote battery.
Important: If you have not configured the RX3000 Station with
the RXW Manager, follow the instructions in the RX3000 Quick
Start before continuing.
To add a mote to the RX Wireless Sensor Network:
1. If the LCD is blank on the RX3000 station, press any button
to wake it up.
1-800-LOGGERS
www.onsetcomp.com
RXW Silicon Pyranometer Sensor (RXW-LIB-xxx) Manual
7. Press the Search button (the magnifying glass) on the
RX3000 Station to stop searching for motes.
wireless sensor must travel or “hop” across the wireless
network from one mote to the next until it ultimately
reaches the RXW Manager at the RX3000 station. To make
sure the data can successfully travel across the network,
the sensor mote should not be more than five hops away
from a repeater or manager.
• The RX Wireless Sensor Network can support a maximum
of 50 motes.
• Use a #4-40 screw to attach a ground wire to the port on
the back of the mote if you are deploying the mote in a
location where lightning is a concern.
Press this button again to
stop searching for motes
• Make sure the mote remains in a vertical position once it is
placed in its deployment location for optimal network
communications.
Measurements will be recorded at the logging interval specified
in HOBOlink, transmitted to the RX3000 Station, and uploaded
to HOBOlink at the next connection interval (readout). Use
HOBOlink to monitor mote status and health. If a mote is
temporarily offline, any logged data is saved until it is back
online. In addition, if a mote is offline for 30 minutes, the
RX3000 Station will automatically connect to HOBOlink and
report the mote as missing. Once the mote is back online, any
logged data will be uploaded the next time the RX3000 station
connects to HOBOlink.
Mounting the Sensor with a Bracket
It is recommended that you mount the silicon pyranometer
sensor with the light sensor bracket (M-LBB) on a pole or
tripod. Use the light sensor level (M-LLA) to make sure it is level
on the bracket. To mount the sensor using the bracket:
1. Attach the light sensor bracket to a 1¼ inch - 15/8 inch pole
with the provided U-bolts. Note: The bracket can also be
mounted on a flat, vertical surface using four screws.
See the HOBOlink Help for details on how to change the logging
and connection intervals, view data, check mote status, add the
mote to a map, and more.
2. Position the silicon pyranometer sensor on top of the
bracket with its cable running through the slot in the
bracket.
Deployment and Mounting
3. Using the two screws supplied, attach the sensor to the
bracket through the two holes on either side of the slot.
Note: Do not completely tighten the screws until you level
the sensor.
Mounting and Positioning the Mote
• Use cable ties to mount the mote via the holes on the
mounting tabs.
4. Position the bracket so it faces toward the equator,
minimizing the chance of shading.
• Avoid mounting the mote near metal, which can cause
interference with the signal.
5. Mount the bracket on the mast with the two U-bolt
assemblies, mounting it high enough on the mast to avoid
the possibility of shading the sensor. Note: If you mount the
sensor above eye level, it is recommended that you use a
step ladder or other secure platform when leveling the
sensor so that you can clearly view the light sensor level (MLLA).
• Position the mote towards the sun, making sure the solar
panel is oriented so that it receives optimal sunlight
throughout each season. It may be necessary to
periodically adjust the mote position as the path of the
sunlight changes throughout the year or if tree and leaf
growth alters the amount of sunlight reaching the solar
panel.
Mast
• Make sure the mote door is closed, with both latches fully
locked to ensure a watertight seal.
Silicon pyranometer
sensor
• Consider using a 3/16 inch padlock to restrict access to the
mote. With the mote door closed, hook a padlock through
the eyelet on the right side of the door and lock it.
Light sensor
bracket
Thumbscrew
• To maximize the communication between motes, place
the mote within 304.8–457.2 m (1,000–1,500 feet) and full
line of sight with the next mote in the network and at least
1.8 m (6 feet) from the ground.
Silicon pyranometer
sensor cable
• If there is an obstruction between two sensor motes or
between the sensor mote and the RXW Manager, then use
an RXW Repeater (RXW-RPTR-xxx) mounted higher than
the two motes. For example, if there is a hill or mountain
between the sensor mote and the RXW Manager, place a
repeater at the top of the hill between the sensor mote
and the RXW Manager.
U-bolt assembly
Silicon Pyranometer Sensor Bracket Mounting
6. Make sure the screws holding the sensor to the mounting
bracket are loose.
• There should not be more than five motes in any direction
from a repeater or the RXW Manager. Data logged by a
1-800-LOGGERS
www.onsetcomp.com
RXW Silicon Pyranometer Sensor (RXW-LIB-xxx) Manual
• Refer to the station manual and Tripod Setup Guide at
www.onsetcomp.com/support/manuals for more
information regarding setting up stations.
7. Place the light sensor level on the silicon pyranometer
sensor.
8. Adjust the height of the thumbscrews to level the sensor
(start with the thumbscrews protruding about 1/16 inch
from the bracket).
Sensor Operation
9. Once the sensor is near level, tighten the Phillips head
screws.
The silicon pyranometer sensor supports measurement
averaging at a fixed rate of once a minute. The multiple
samples are then averaged together and the average value is
recorded at the logging interval. For example, when the logging
interval is set at 10 minutes, each recorded data point will be
the average of 10 measurements (1 sample per minute for 10
minutes).
10. Check the level and repeat above steps if necessary.
11. When the sensor is level, remove the light sensor level from
the sensor.
Light sensor level
(remove for operation)
Maintenance
Silicon
pyranometer
sensor
Dust on the sensor will degrade sensor accuracy. Periodically
inspect the sensor, and if necessary, gently clean the diffuser
with a damp sponge. Do not open the sensor as there are no
user serviceable parts inside.
Warning: DO NOT use alcohol, organic solvents, abrasives,
or strong detergents to clean the diffuser element on the
silicon pyranometer sensor. The acrylic material used in the
sensor can be crazed by exposure to alcohol or organic
solvents. Clean the sensor only with water and/or a mild
detergent such as dishwashing soap if necessary. It is
recommended that you use vinegar to remove hard water
deposits from the diffuser element. Under no circumstances
should the sensor be immersed in any liquid.
Leveling the Sensor on the Light Sensor Bracket
Mounting the Sensor on a Mounting Plate
To mount the silicon pyranometer sensor using a mounting
plate of your own design:
1. Drill a 0.56 (9/16) inch hole in the middle of the plate, then
drill two #25 holes 1.063 (1-1/16) inches apart on either
side of the center hole. Cut a 0.31 (5/16) inch-wide slot in
the mounting plate. See diagram on next page. The plate
should be a thickness of 1/8 inch or less.
The mote is designed for outdoor use, but should be inspected
periodically. When inspecting the mote, do the following:
2. Slide the sensor through the 0.31 (5/16) inch-wide slot.
• Verify the mote is free of visible damage or cracks.
3. Attach the sensor using two 6-32 x 3/8 inch screws and lock
washers (not included).
• Make sure the mote is clean. Wipe off any dust or grime
with a damp cloth.
4. Shim the sensor as necessary to level it.
• Wipe off any water before opening the mote.
• Make sure the interior seal is intact and the latches are
fully locked when the mote door is closed.
Verifying Sensor Accuracy
It is recommended that you check the accuracy of the silicon
pyranometer sensor annually. The sensor cannot be calibrated.
Onset uses precision components to obtain accurate
measurements. If the sensor is not providing accurate data,
then it may be damaged.
Updating Mote Firmware
If a new firmware version is available for the mote, use
HOBOlink to download the file to your computer. Connect the
mote to the computer with a USB cable (open the mote door
and use the USB port to the right of the LCD). The mote appears
as a new storage device in the computer’s file storage manager.
Copy the downloaded firmware file to the new storage device
(the mote). After the file is copied, eject the storage device
from the computer and disconnect the cable from the mote.
The file will be installed automatically on the mote. Note to
Mac® users: A message may appear indicating the disk has not
ejected properly. The mote is operational and you can ignore
the message.
Recommended Mounting Plate Dimensions
Sensor Mounting Guidelines
• Small errors in alignment can produce significant errors.
Be certain that the sensor is mounted level.
• Mount the sensor where it will not be in a shadow. Any
obstruction should be below the plane of the sensor head.
If that is not possible, try to limit obstructions to below 5
degrees, where the effect will be minimal.
• If possible, avoid locating the sensors in dusty locations.
Dust, pollen, and salt residue that collect on the top of the
sensor can significantly degrade accuracy.
1-800-LOGGERS
www.onsetcomp.com
RXW Silicon Pyranometer Sensor (RXW-LIB-xxx) Manual
ambient temperature where the mote is deployed, the logging
interval, the number of tripped alarms, and other factors.
Estimates are not guaranteed due to uncertainties in initial
battery conditions and operating environment. When using
lithium batteries, you must disconnect the solar panel cable
because the batteries will not be recharged.
Battery Information
The mote uses two 1.2 V rechargeable NiMH batteries, charged
by the built-in solar panel. The quality and quantity of solar
light can affect whether the battery is sufficiently charged to
last through the night and cloudy periods. Make sure the mote
is placed in a location that will receive several hours of sunlight
each day. If the mote does not receive enough sunlight to
recharge the batteries, the battery life is estimated at 3–4
months. When batteries are regularly recharged, expected
battery life is estimated at 3–5 years. Battery life varies based
on the ambient temperature where the mote is deployed, the
logging interval, the number of tripped alarms, and other
factors. Deployments in extremely cold or hot temperatures
can impact battery life. Estimates are not guaranteed due to
uncertainties in initial battery conditions and operating
environment.
To install lithium batteries:
1. Open the mote door.
2. Remove any old batteries and install the new ones
observing polarity.
3. Push in the side tab of the solar panel cable connector and
pull the connector out of the cable port.
4. Place the connector in the slot on the inside of the mote
door. Make sure the solar panel cables are tucked inside the
door so that they do not interfere with the interior seal
when the mote is closed.
Mote operation will stop when battery voltage drops to 1.8 V.
Mote operation will return if the battery recharges to 2.3 V. If
the batteries are unable to be recharged, replace them with
fresh rechargeable batteries.
To replace rechargeable batteries:
1. Open the mote door.
Store the solar
panel connector
here when using
lithium batteries
2. Remove the old batteries and install the new ones
observing polarity.
3. Make sure the solar panel cable is plugged in.
Make sure
solar panel
cable is
installed
when using
rechargeable
batteries
WARNING: Do not cut open, incinerate, heat above 85°C
(185°F), or recharge the batteries. The batteries may explode if
the logger is exposed to extreme heat or conditions that could
damage or destroy the battery cases. Do not mix battery types,
either by chemistry or age; batteries may rupture or explode.
Do not dispose of the logger or batteries in fire. Do not expose
the contents of the batteries to water. Dispose of the batteries
according to local regulations.
You can use two 1.5 V lithium batteries (HWSB-LI) for operation
at the extreme ends of the mote operating range. Lithium
battery life is an estimated at 1 year, but varies based on the
1-800-LOGGERS
www.onsetcomp.com
RXW Silicon Pyranometer Sensor (RXW-LIB-xxx) Manual
Federal Communication Commission Interference Statement
This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide
reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential installation. This equipment generates uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and
used in accordance with the instructions, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. However, there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a
particular installation. If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or television reception, which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on, the user
is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one of the following measures:
• Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna
• Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver
• Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is connected
• Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for help
This device complies with Part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject to the following two conditions: (1) This device may not cause harmful interference, and (2) this device
must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired operation.
FCC Caution: Any changes or modifications not expressly approved by the party responsible for compliance could void the user's authority to operate this equipment.
Industry Canada Statements
This device complies with Industry Canada license-exempt RSS standard(s). Operation is subject to the following two conditions: (1) this device may not cause interference, and
(2) this device must accept any interference, including interference that may cause undesired operation of the device.
Avis de conformité pour l’Industrie Canada
Le présent appareil est conforme aux CNR d'Industrie Canada applicables aux appareils radio exempts de licence. L'exploitation est autorisée aux deux conditions suivantes : (1)
l'appareil ne doit pas produire de brouillage, et (2) l'appareil doit accepter tout brouillage radioélectrique subi, même si le brouillage est susceptible d'en compromettre le
fonctionnement.
To comply with FCC and Industry Canada RF radiation exposure limits for general population, the logger must be installed to provide a separation distance of at least 20cm from
all persons and must not be co-located or operating in conjunction with any other antenna or transmitter.
1-800-LOGGERS (564-4377) • 508-759-9500
www.onsetcomp.com/support/contact
© 2018 Onset Computer Corporation. All rights reserved. Onset, HOBO, and HOBOlink are registered
trademarks of Onset Computer Corporation. Mac is a registered trademark of Apple Inc. All other trademarks
are the property of their respective companies.
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