Plantower Pms5003 Manual Annotated
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ANNOTATED
2016 product data manual of PLANTOWER
Digital universal particle concentration sensor
PMS5003 series data manual
Writer
Zhou Yong
Version
V2.3
Verifier
Zheng Haoxin
Date
2016-06-01
Additions by: R.F. Smith rsmith@xs4all.nl, 2018-04-13
Main characteristics
Zero false alarm rate
Real-time response
Correct data
Minimum distinguishable particle diameter :0.3 micrometer
High anti-interference performance because of the patent structure of six
sides shielding
Optional direction of air inlet and outlet in order to adapt the different
design
page 1 of 15
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2016 product data manual of PLANTOWER
Overview
PMS5003 is a kind of digital and universal particle concentration sensor,
which can be used to obtain the number of suspended particles in the air,
i.e. the concentration of particles, and output them in the form of digital
interface. This sensor can be inserted into variable instruments related to
the concentration of suspended particles in the air or other environmental
improvement equipments to provide correct concentration data in time.
Working principle
Laser scattering principle is used for such sensor, i.e. produce scattering by
using laser to radiate suspending particles in the air, then collect scattering
light in a certain degree, and finally obtain the curve of scattering light change
with time. In the end, equivalent particle diameter and the number of particles
with different diameter per unit volume can be calculated by microprocessor
based on MIE theory. Please find the functional diagram of each part of sensor
from Figure 1 as follows.
Figure 1 Functional block diagram of sensor
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Technical Index
Parameter
Index
unit
Range of measurement
0.3~1.0 1.0~2.5 2.5~10
Counting Efficiency
50%@0.3μ m
Effective Range
0~500
PM2.5
Micrometer μ m
98%@>=0.5μ m
μ g/m
standard
Maximum Range
PM2.5
μ g/m
1000
standard *
μ g/m
Resolution
1
Maximum Consistency Error
±10%@100~500μ g/m
(PM2.5 standard data)*
±10μ g/m @0~100μ g/m
Standard Volume
0.1
Litre
L
Single Response Time
1
Second s
Total Response Time
10
Second s
DC Power Supply
Typ:5.0
Min:4.5 Max: 5.5
Volt V
Active Current
100
Milliampere mA
Standby Current
200
Microampere μ A
Interface Level
L <0.8 @3.3 H >2.7@3.3
Working Temperature Range
-10~+60
Working Humidity Range
0~99%
Storage Temperature Range
-40~+80
MTTF
Physical Size
Volt V
℃
℃
3
Year Y
50×38×21
Millimeter mm
Note 1: Maximum range means that the highest output value of the PM2.5 standard
data is not less than 1000.
Note 2:“PM2.5 standard data” is the “data2” in the appendix.
page 3 of 15
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2016 product data manual of PLANTOWER
Pin Definition
PIN1
Figure 2
Connector Definition
PIN1
VCC
Positive power 5V
PIN2
GND
Negative power
PIN3
SET
Set pin /TTL l e v e l @3.3V，high level or
suspending is normal working status, while
low level is sleeping mode.
PIN4
RX
Serial port receiving pin/TTL level@3.3V
PIN5
TX
Serial port sending pin/TTL level@3.3V
PIN6
RESET
Module reset signal /TTL level@3.3V，low
reset.
PIN7/8
NC
Usually only pins 1, 2, 4 and 5 need to be connected.
Output result
Mainly output as the quality and number of each particles with different size
per unit volume, the unit volume of particle number is 0.1L and the unit of
mass concentration is μ g/m .
There are two options for digital output: passive and active. Default mode
is active after power up. In this mode sensor would send serial data to the
host automatically .The active mode is divided into two sub-modes: stable
mode and fast mode. If the concentration change is small the sensor
would run at stable mode with the real interval of 2.3s.And if the change is
big the sensor would be changed to fast mode automatically with the
interval of 200~800ms, the higher of the concentration, the shorter of the
interval.
page 4 of 15
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2016 product data manual of PLANTOWER
Typical Circuit
Figure 3
Typical Circuit
According to “Circuit Attentions” on page 10, set and reset should not be connected when not used!
Additionally, they are supposed to have internal pull-up resistors. So why the extra pull-up resistors?
Typical Output Characteristic
Definition of axis Y: PM2.5 concentration , unit: μ g/m
Definition of axis X: number of samples, unit: time
Figure 4-1
Consistency at 20℃
page 5 of 15
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Figure 4-2
Figure 4-3
Consistency at 43℃
Consistency at -5℃
page 6 of 15
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2016 product data manual of PLANTOWER
Figure 4-4
Consistency after 30 days’ running
Relationship of Temperature and Consistency
Definition of axis Y: Maximum Error Modulus(%)
Definition of axis X: Temperature(℃)
Figure 5
Consistency Vs Temperature
page 7 of 15
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Endurance Characteristics
No
Item
Test Method
Characteristics
1
Long Running
1. 10 ㎡ closed Lab,，20~25℃，
humidity 30%~70%，particle
generator and air cleaner
2. DC 5V power supply
3. Check consistency after 720
hours’ running
1. 10 ㎡ constant temperature Lab
2. 43℃，humidity 70%，
3. particle generator and air
cleaner
4. DC 5V power supply
5. Check consistency
1. 10 ㎡ constant temperature Lab
2. -5℃，humidity 30%，
3. particle generator and air
cleaner
4. DC 5V power supply
5. Check consistency
1. 10 ㎡ closed Lab,，
20℃，humidity
50%，particle generator and air
cleaner
10 samples during
0~500μ g/m
2
High
Temperature
Operation
3
Cold
Operation
4
Vibration
5
High
Temperature
and Humidity
Storage
6
Cold Storage
7
Variation of
0~100μ g/m
Maximum Error
±15μ g/m
100~500μ g/m
Maximum Error
±15%
FAN does not
screeched
2. DC 5V power supply and check
consistency
3. Frequency 50Hz
4. acceleration 9.8/ S
5. Direction X Y Z
6. Vibration Amplitude ±2mm
7. Time X Y Z –way, Per 1 hour
1. Constant temperature cabinet
10 samples during
2. 70℃，humidity 90%~95，
0~500μ g/m
3.
Check consistency after 500
hours’ storage
0~100μ g/m
Maximum Error
1. Constant temperature cabinet
±10μ g/m
2. -30℃，humidity 90%~95，
3.
Check consistency after 500 100~500μ g/m
Maximum Error
hours’ storage
±10%
4. 10 ㎡ closed Lab,，
20℃，humidity
page 8 of 15
n
C
n=30
C=0
n=10
C=0
n=10
C=0
n=5
C=0
n=10
C=0
n=10
C=0
n=5
ANNOTATED
2016 product data manual of PLANTOWER
Power Supply
8
Power On-Off
Cycle
9
Sleep Set
On-Off
Cycle
10
Laser On-Off
Cycle
11
Salt Spray
50%，particle generator and air
cleaner
C=0
FAN does not
screeched
5. Power varies as the cycles of 4.5V
to 5.5V ,then 5.5V to 4.5V with
the pace of 0.1V/min for 2 hours.
6. Check
consistency
during
Variation
1. 10 ㎡ closed Lab,，
20℃，humidity
50%，particle generator and air
cleaner
2. DC 5V power supply，keep On-Off
frequency 0.5Hz for 72 hours and
check consistency
1. 10 ㎡ closed Lab,，
20℃，humidity
50%，particle generator and air
cleaner
2. DC 5V power supply，keep Sleep
Set Pin High-Low frequency 0.5Hz
for 72 hours and check
consistency
1. 10 ㎡ closed Lab,，
20℃，humidity
50%，particle generator and air
cleaner
2. keep laser On-Off frequency
50Hz for 240 hours and check
consistency
5% industrial salt water, hydrolysis No rust and
spray 100 hours, clean with
discoloration of
purified water and store for 48
metal parts
hours
page 9 of 15
n=10
C=0
n=10
C=0
n=10
C=0
n=1
C=0
ANNOTATED
2016 product data manual of PLANTOWER
Circuit Attentions
1) DC 5V power supply is needed because the FAN should be driven by 5V.
But the high level of data pin is 3.3V. Level conversion unit should be
used if the power of host MCU is 5V.
2) The SET and RESET pins are pulled up inside so they should not be
connected if without usage.
3) PIN7 and PIN8 should not be connected.
4) Stable data should be got at least 30 seconds after the sensor wakeup
from the sleep mode because of the fan’s performance.
Installation Attentions
1) Metal shell is connected to the GND so be careful not to let it shorted with
the other parts of circuit except GND.
2) The best way of install is making the plane of inset and outset closely to
the plane of the host. Or some shield should be placed between inset and
outset in order to prevent the air flow from inner loop.
3) The blowhole in the shell of the host should not be smaller than the inset.
4) The sensor should not be installed in the air flow way of the air cleaner or
should be shielded by some structure.
5) The sensor should be installed at least 20cm higher than the grand in
order to prevent it from blocking by the floc dust.
6) Do not break up the sensor.
7) M2 self-tapping strew should be used to fix the sensor but it should not be
deeper than 5mm into the sensor.
Other Attentions
1) Only the consistency of all the PM sensors of PLANTOWER is promised
and ensured. And the sensor should not be checked with any third party
equipment.
2) The sensor is usually used in the common indoor environment. So some
protection must be added if using in the conditions as followed:
a) The time of concentration ı300μ g/mϢ is longer than 50% of the
whole year or concentrationı500μ g/mϢ is longer than20% of the
whole year.
b) Kitchen
c) Water mist condition such as bathroom or hot spring.
d) outdoor
page 10 of 15
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Part Number Definition
page 11 of 15
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Physical Size (mm)
page 12 of 15
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Appendix I PMS5003 transport protocol-Active Mode
Default baud rate 9600bps Check bit
None
Stop bit
1 bit
unsigned short:
32 Bytes
Start character 1
0x42
(Fixed)
Start character2
0x4d
(Fixed)
Frame length high ……
8 bits
Frame length=2x13+2(data+check bytes)
0
1
Frame length low 8 ……
bits
Data 1 high 8 bits
……
Data 1 low 8 bits
……
Data2 high 8 bits
……
Data2 low 8 bits
……
Data3 high 8 bits
……
Data3 low 8 bits
……
Data4 high 8 bits
……
Data4 low 8 bits
……
Data5 high 8 bits
……
Data5 low 8 bits
……
Data6 high 8 bits
…….
Data6 low 8 bits
……
Data7 high 8 bits
……
Data7 low 8 bits
……
Data8 high 8 bits
……
Data8 low 8 bits
……
Data9 high 8 bits
……
Data9 low 8 bits
……
Data1 refers to PM1.0 concentration unit
μ g/m3 CF=1，standard particle *
2
Data2 refers to PM2.5 concentration unit
μ g/m3 CF=1，standard particle
3
Data3 refers to PM10 concentration unit
μ g/m3 CF=1，standard particle
Data4 refers to PM1.0 concentration unit *
μ g/m3 under atmospheric environment
4
5
pm1.0 is everything ≤1 µm
Data 5 refers to PM2.5 concentration unit
μ g/m3 under atmospheric environment
6
pm2.5 is everything ≤2.5 µm
Data 6 refers to concentration unit (under
atmospheric environment) μ g/m3
7
This probably is pm10. pm10 is everything ≤10 µm
Data 7 ind ica t e s t he n um b e r of
p a rt icle s wit h d iame t e r b e yo n d 0.3 um
in 0.1 L of air.
Data 8 in d ica te s t he n um be r of
p a rt icle s wit h d iame t e r b e yo n d 0.5 um
in 0.1 L of air.
Data 9 in d ica te s t he n um be r of
p a rt icle s wit h d iame t e r b e yo n d 1.0 um
in 0.1 L of air.
page 13 of 15
8
9
10
ANNOTATED
2016 product data manual of PLANTOWER
Data10 high 8 bits ……
Data10 low 8 bits
……
Data11 high 8 bits ……
Data11 low 8 bits
……
Data12 high 8 bits ……
Data12 low 8 bits
……
Data13 high 8 bits ……
Data13 low 8 bits
……
Data and check
high 8 bits
……
Data and check
low 8 bits
……
unsigned short:
11
of
Data10 ind ica te s t he n um be r
p a rt icle s wit h d iame t e r b e yo n d 2.5 um
in 0.1 L of air.
Data11 in d ica te s t he n um be r of
p a rt icle s wit h d iame t e r b e yo n d 5.0 um
in 0.1 L of air.
12
Data 12 in d icat e s the n um be r of
p a rt icle s wit h d ia me t e r be yo n d 10 um
in 0.1 L of air.
13
Data13 Reserved
14
Check code=Start character 1+ Start
character 2+……..+data 13
Low 8 bits
15
Note: CF=1 should be used in the factory environment
.
In the Python programming language (version 3), you can use the struct module to extract the
numbers from the data packet. Assuming that you have captured a complete transport packet in a
bytes object called data, you can extract the numbers simply like this:
numbers = struct.unpack('>HHHHHHHHHHHHHHHH', data)
Calculating the checksum is simply done by summation:
cksum = sum(data[0:30])
This checksum should be equal to numbers[-1].
note: The unit that I bought tends to start producing nothing but checksum errors
after several hours of active mode. Restarting the unit by dicsonnecting and reconnecting the power
fixes that. In passive mode, I have not yet seen this.
page 14 of 15
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2016 product data manual of PLANTOWER
Appendix II PMS5003 transport protocol-Passive Mode
Default baud rate 9600bps Check bit
None
Stop bit
1 bit
Host Protocol
Start Byte
1
0x42
Start Byte
2
0x4d
Command
Data 1
Data 2
CMD
DATAH
DATAL
1. Command Definition
CMD
DATAH
0xe2
X 0x00
0xe1
X 0x00
0xe4
X 0x00
Verify Byte
1
LRCH
DATAL
X 0x00
00H-passive
01H-active
00H-sleep
01H-wakeup
Verify Byte
2
LRCL
说明
Read in passive
mode
Change mode
Sleep set
Alternatively, you can pull pin 3 down to put the sensor to sleep, see page 4.
2. Answer
0xe2: 32 bytes , same as appendix I
3. Verify Bytes :
Add of all the bytes except verify bytes.
To clarify, below are the possible commands (in the form of byte strings) to send to the PMS5003:
Command
Hexadecimal byte strings
Request data in passive mode
Change to passive mode
Change to active mode
Go to sleep
Wake up
42 4D
42 4D
42 4D
42 4D
42 4D
E2 00 00
E1 00 00
E1 00 01
E4 00 00
E4 00 01
01 71
01 70
01 71
01 73
01 74
The first part of each byte string are the two start bytes. Then follows the command. The last two
bytes are the checksum. An example how to calculate the checksum of the last command in Python 3:
hex(0x42 + 0x4d + 0xe4 + 0x00 + 0x01)
This results in 0x174.
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