ProSoft Technology OS2401 Locus 802.11b MiniPCI Radio Module with Amplifier User Manual Module Users Guide

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Document Description	Users Manual
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Date Submitted	2003-06-19 00:00:00
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Creation Date	2003-06-17 15:35:32
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Locus OS2401
802.11b MiniPCI Radio Module with
Amplifier
User’s Guide
June 17, 2003
REGULATORY APPROVALS
United States FCC & Industry Canada rules
Compliance Statement
The following statements must be included in the product documentation for the end device in which the
radio module is embedded:
This device complies with Part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject to the following
two conditions: (1) this device may not cause harmful interference, and (2) this device
must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired
operation.
NOTE: This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class A digital device,
pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against
harmful interference when the equipment is operated in a commercial environment. This equipment
generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with
the instruction manual, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. Operation of this
equipment in a residential area is likely to cause harmful interference in which case the user will be
required to correct the interference at his own expense.
Product Labeling
This radio module is labeled with an FCC ID number and a Canadian Certification Number. If this
label is not visible when installed in an end-device, the outside of the device MUST also display a
label referring to the enclosed OS2401. Use wording on the label similar to the following:
"Transmitter Module FCC ID: OQ7OS2401, Canada 3656AOS2401".
OR
"This device contains Transmitter Module FCC ID: OQ7OS2401, Canada 3656AOS2401"
CAUTION: Changes or modifications to this radio module not expressly approved by its manufacturer,
Locus, Inc., may void the user’s authority to operate the equipment.
NOTES:
•
Only approved antennas and power amplifier listed in this manual may be used with the OS2401.
•
The OS2400 Radio Module does not need to be re-authorized for compliance with Part 15,C
intentional radiation (15.247 spread spectrum rules) or Part 15, B unintentional radiation. However, if
the device into which the module is inserted contains any frequency sources (oscillator, clocks, etc.) it
will have to be verified according to Part 15, B unintentional radiation to make sure that it does not
unintentionally radiate.
Page 2 of 11
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Antenna spacing requirements for user safety
It is important to keep the radio’s antenna a safe distance from the user. To meet the requirements
of FCC part 2.1091 for radio frequency radiation exposure, this radio must be used in such a way as to
guarantee at least 20 cm between the antenna and users. Greater distances are required for high-gain
antennas; for more details, see the Choosing the Antennas section. The FCC requires a minimum
distance of 1 mW *cm power density from the user (or 20 cm, whichever is greater).
The installer of this radio equipment must ensure that the antenna is located or pointed such that it does
not emit RF fields in excess of Health Canada limits for the general population; consult Safety Code 6,
obtainable from Health Canada.
To reduce potential radio interference to other users, the antenna type and its gain should be so chosen
that the equivalent isotropically radiated power (EIRP) is not more than that required for successful
communication.
Copyright
Copyright  2003 Locus Inc. All rights reserved.
Locus has taken care to ensure the accuracy of this document. However, Locus assumes no liability for
errors or omissions, and reserves the right to make changes without further notice to any products herein
to improve reliability, function, or design. Locus provides this document without warranty of any kind,
either implied or expressed, including, but not limited to, the implied warranties of merchantability and
fitness for a particular purpose. Locus may make improvements or changes in the product(s) and/or
program(s) described in this document at any time.
This document contains proprietary information that is protected by copyright. No part of this document
may be photocopied, reproduced, or translated to another language without written permission from
Locus. Additionally, no part of electronic versions of this document may be deleted, changed, added to, or
copied without written permission from Locus. Locus assumes no liability for use of this document if the
content or format has been altered in any way.
Locus reserves the right to revise this publication and to make changes in content from time to time
without obligation on the part of Locus to provide notification of such revision or change.
Page 3 of 11
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Table of Contents
REGULATORY APPROVALS ................................................................................................................................ 2
UNITED STATES FCC & INDUSTRY CANADA RULES ................................................................................................. 2
Compliance Statement .......................................................................................................................................... 2
Product Labeling .................................................................................................................................................. 2
ANTENNA SPACING REQUIREMENTS FOR USER SAFETY .............................................................................................. 3
COPYRIGHT ............................................................................................................................................................... 3
PRODUCT OVERVIEW ........................................................................................................................................... 5
MODULE INTEGRATION....................................................................................................................................... 5
MODULE PHYSICAL DIMENSIONS .............................................................................................................................. 5
MODULE CONNECTIONS ............................................................................................................................................ 6
Mini-PCI Port....................................................................................................................................................... 6
Antenna Port......................................................................................................................................................... 6
ANTENNAS AND AMPLIFIER USE ...................................................................................................................... 7
BI DIRECTIONAL AMPLIFIER...................................................................................................................................... 7
CHOOSING THE ANTENNAS ........................................................................................................................................ 8
Approved Antennas............................................................................................................................................... 8
ANTENNA DESCRIPTIONS .......................................................................................................................................... 8
Antenna pattern .................................................................................................................................................... 9
Antenna gain......................................................................................................................................................... 9
Antenna polarity ................................................................................................................................................. 10
Antenna Types..................................................................................................................................................... 10
Page 4 of 11
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Product Overview
The Locus OS2401 is an 802.11b MiniPCI radio that has been approved by the FCC for use with an
external amplifier. The MiniPCI radio can be integrated into industrial devices to provide 802.11b wireless
connectivity.
Module Integration
Module Physical Dimensions
The diagram below shows the dimensions of a MiniPCI TypeIIIA card.
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Module Connections
Mini-PCI Port
Digital connection is through Mini PCI type III defined by the Mini PCI Specification document published
by the PCI Special Interest Group. As a recommendation, the Molex 67315-0011 can be used.
Pin
Signal
Pin
Signal
Pin
Signal
Pin
Signal
TIP
RING
63
3.3V
64
FRAME#
Key
Key
8PMJ-33, 4
8PMJ-13, 4
65
CLKRUN#
66
TRDY#
3, 4
8PMJ-6
8PMJ-23, 4
67
SERR#
68
STOP#
8PMJ-73, 4
8PMJ-43, 4
69
GROUND
70
3.3V
8PMJ-83, 4
10
8PMJ-53, 4
71
PERR#
72
DEVSEL#
11
LED1_GRNP
12
LED2_YELP
73
C/BE[1]#
74
GROUND
13
LED1_GRNN 14
LED2_YELN
75
AD[14]
76
AD[15]
15
CHSGND
16
RESERVED
77
GROUND
78
AD[13]
17
INTB#
18
5V
79
AD[12]
80
AD[11]
19
3.3V
20
INTA#
81
AD[10]
82
GROUND
21
RESERVED
22
RESERVED
83
GROUND
84
AD[09]
23
GROUND
24
3.3VAUX
85
AD[08]
86
C/BE[0]#
25
CLK
26
RST#
87
AD[07]
88
3.3V
27
GROUND
28
3.3V
89
3.3V
90
AD[06]
29
REQ#
30
GNT#
91
AD[05]
92
AD[04]
31
3.3V
32
GROUND
93
RESERVED
94
AD[02]
33
AD[31]
34
PME#
95
AD[03]
96
AD[00]
35
AD[29]
36
RESERVED
97
5V
98
RESERVED_WIP5
37
GROUND
38
AD[30]
99
AD[01]
100
RESERVED_WIP5
39
AD[27]
40
3.3V
101
GROUND
102
GROUND
41
AD[25]
42
AD[28]
103
AC_SYNC
104
M66EN
43
RESERVED
44
AD[26]
105
AC_SDATA_IN
106
AC_SDATA_OUT
45
C/BE[3]#
46
AD[24]
107
AC_BIT_CLK
108
AC_CODEC_ID0#
47
AD[23]
48
IDSEL
109
AC_CODEC_ID1#
110
AC_RESET#
49
GROUND
50
GROUND
111
MOD_AUDIO_MON
112
RESERVED
51
AD[21]
52
AD[22]
113
AUDIO_GND
114
GROUND
53
AD[19]
54
AD[20]
115
SYS_AUDIO_OUT
116
SYS_AUDIO_IN
55
GROUND
56
PAR
117
SYS_AUDIO_OUT GND 118
SYS_AUDIO_IN GND
57
AD[17]
58
AD[18]
119
AUDIO_GND
120
AUDIO_GND
59
C/BE[2]#
60
AD[16]
121
RESERVED
122
MPCIACT#
61
IRDY#
62
GROUND
123
VCC5VA
124
3.3VAUX
The signal CHSGND is a chassis ground contact and is connected on the Mini PCI Card via a spring
contact clip.
Antenna Port
Two antenna port connections (for diversity) are provided. The radio uses SMT Ultra Miniature Coax
Connector, Hirose, CL331-0471-0-10 (U.FL-R-SMT). The interface board contains two of these
connectors as well.
The radio is connected to the interface board through a Hirose cable. The preferred part number is U.FL2LP-5016-A-150.
Page 6 of 11
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Antennas and Amplifier Use
Bi Directional Amplifier
A Bi-Directional Amplifier may be needed if an application requires long lengths of coaxial cable to reach
the antenna. The amplifier is designed to put maximum transmit power right at the antenna and boost the
received signal primarily to overcome the cable loss. Only the RF Linx 2400LX-0.5W approved amplifier
may be used.
Note: The RF Linx 2400LX-0.5W shall be marketed only in the system configuration with which the
amplifier is authorized and shall not be marketed as a separate product.
The amplifier is designed to operate with a coax cable loss between the radio and amplifier of 6.5dB to
20dB. Within this range, the output of the amplifier is always 1/2W regardless of the input level. The
amplifier may not be used with a cable loss of less than 6.5dB. The use of a cable less than 6.5dB will
result in violation of 47 CFR Part 15 Rules under which the equipment has been authorized. With more
than 20dB cable loss the amplifier will not turn on.
See the chart below for the minimum and maximum lengths of various cable types required when the Bidirectional amp is used.
Antenna Cable Type and lengths
Cable Type
LMR195
LMR400
LMR600
LDF4-50A
LDF5-50A
Cable loss/100'
(dB)
18.2
6.9
4.4
3.9
Minimum
length (ft)
36
94
148
167
325
Loss
(dB)
6.5
6.5
6.5
6.5
6.5
Maximum
length (ft)
109
289
454
512
1000
Loss
(dB)
20
20
20
20
20
Proper installation of the amplifier and its power supply is shown below. The DC injector should be
located by the radio, and the amplifier should be at the antenna. The Bi-directional amp is weather proof
and can be mounted outdoors. See Bi-Directional amplifier instructions for more details.
RF BI-Directional
Amp
See chart for
minimum/maximum
cable lengths
Power amp DC
injector
DC power supply
Locus
OS2400HSE
Page 7 of 11
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Choosing the Antennas
Antenna section is dependent on whether the Bi-Directional amplifier is being used or not. The
minimum distance column in the tables below dictates how far the antennas must be separated from
users for safe exposure limits according to FCC Part 2.1091.
Approved Antennas
Antennas Approved for Use without Bi-Directional Amplifier
When the module is connected directly to an antenna, the following antennas may be used:
Antenna
Type
½ Wave
½ Wave, art.
Collinear Array
Collinear Array, art.
Collinear Array
Collinear Array
Collinear Array
Patch
Patch
Patch
Patch
Yagi
Parabolic
Parabolic
Parabolic
Pattern
Omni
Omni
Omni
Omni
Omni
Omni
Omni
Directional
Directional
Directional
Directional
Directional
Directional
Directional
Directional
Locus
Part No.
Antenna
Gain
dBi
Connector
Typical
Use*
Minimum
Distance
cm
540-0003
540-0002
540-0036
540-0005
540-0006
540-0037
540-0038
540-0010
540-0011
540-0034
540-0035
540-0009
540-0017
540-0018
540-0008
12
11
13
19
13
15
19
24
SMA-RP
SMA-RP
SMA-RP
SMA-RP
N-RP
N-RP
N-RP
SMA-RP
SMA-RP
N-RP
N-RP
N-RP
N-RP
N-RP
N-RP
Mobile
Mobile
Mobile
Mobile
Mobile
Mobile
Mobile
Fixed
Fixed
Fixed
Fixed
Fixed
Fixed
Fixed
Fixed
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
34
20
21
34
61
Antennas for Use with Amplifier
When the module is used in conjunction with the Amplifier, the antennas are limited to those below:
Antenna
Type
½ Wave
½ Wave, art.
Collinear Array
Collinear Array, art.
Collinear Array
Collinear Array
Collinear Array
Patch
Patch
Patch
Yagi
Pattern
Omni
Omni
Omni
Omni
Omni
Omni
Omni
Directional
Directional
Directional
Directional
Locus
Part No.
Antenna
Gain
dBi
Connector
Typical
Use*
Minimum
Distance
cm
540-0003
540-0002
540-0036
540-0005
540-0006
540-0037
540-0038
540-0010
540-0011
540-0034
540-0009
12
11
13
13
SMA-RP
SMA-RP
SMA-RP
SMA-RP
N-RP
N-RP
N-RP
SMA-RP
SMA-RP
N-RP
N-RP
Mobile
Mobile
Mobile
Mobile
Mobile
Mobile
Fixed
Fixed
Fixed
Fixed
Fixed
20
20
20
20
20
20
23
20
21
26
26
Note: To prevent high gain antennas from being used with an amplifier, Parabolic
antennas will not be sold if the user is ordering an amplifier.
* Mobile devices are defined by the FCC as transmitters designed to be used in other than fixed
locations and to generally be used in such a way that a separation distance of at least 20cm is normally
maintained between radiating structures and the body of the user or nearby persons. In the context, the
term “fixed location” means that the device is physically secured at one location and is not able to be
easily moved to another location. For fixed locations a separation distance of at least 1m is normally
maintained between radiating structures and the body of the user or nearby persons.
Antenna Descriptions
When selecting antennas to install with the OS2400-HSE in the U.S. and Canada, you can only use
models that are specifically approved by the U.S. Federal Communications Commission (FCC) and
Industry Canada. See Approved antennas for more details.
You must also consider three important electrical characteristics when selecting antennas:
•
Antenna pattern
•
Antenna gain
•
Antenna polarity
Antenna pattern
Information between radios is transferred via electromagnetic energy radiated by one antenna and
received by the second. More power is radiated in certain directions from the antenna than others, a
phenomenon known as the antenna pattern. Each antenna should be mounted so the direction of strong
radiation intensity points toward the other antenna(s) to which it is linking.
Although complete antenna patterns are three-dimensional (3D), a two-dimensional (2D) slice of the
pattern is often shown because the antennas of interest are often located horizontally from one another,
along the ground rather than above or below each other.
A slice taken in a horizontal plane through the center (or looking down on the pattern) is called the
azimuth pattern. A vertical plane slice, which is seen from the side, is the elevation pattern.
An antenna pattern that has equal or nearly equal intensity in all directions is omnidirectional. In two
dimensions, an omnidirectional pattern is a circle. An antenna is considered omnidirectional if one of its
2D patterns is omnidirectional. (No antenna has an omnidirectional pattern in 3D.)
Beam width is an angular measurement of how strongly the power is concentrated in a particular
direction. Beam width is a 3D quantity, but it can be broken into 2D slices just like the antenna pattern.
The beam width of an omnidirectional pattern is 360°, because the power is equal in all directions.
Antenna gain
Antenna gain is a measure of how strongly an antenna radiates in its direction of maximum radiation
intensity compared to how strong the radiation would be if the same power were applied to an antenna
that radiated all of its power equally in all directions. Using the antenna pattern, the gain is the distance to
the furthest point on the pattern from the origin. For an omnidirectional pattern, the gain is 1, or
equivalently 0 dB. The higher the antenna gain is, the narrower the beam width, and vice versa.
The amount of power received by the receiving antenna is proportional to the transmitter power multiplied
by the transmit antenna gain, multiplied by the receiving antenna gain. Therefore, the antenna gains and
transmitting power can be traded off. For example, doubling one antenna gain has the same effect as
doubling the transmitting power. Doubling both antenna gains has the same effect as quadrupling the
transmitting power.
Page 9 of 11
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Antenna polarity
Antenna polarization refers to the direction in which the electromagnetic field lines point as energy
radiates away from the antenna. In general, the polarization is elliptical. The simplest and most common
form of this elliptical polarization is a straight line, or linear polarization. Of the transmitted power that
reaches the receiving antenna, only the portion that has the same polarization as the receiving antenna
polarization is actually received. For example, if the transmitting antenna polarization is pointed in the
vertical direction (vertical polarization, for short), and the receiving antenna also has vertical polarization,
the maximum amount of power possible will be received. On the other hand, if the transmit antenna has
vertical polarization and the receiving antenna has horizontal polarization, no power should be received. If
the two antennas have linear polarizations oriented at 45° to each other, half of the possible maximum
power will be received.
Antenna Types
Whip antenna
You can use a 1/2λ straight whip or 1/2λ articulating whip (2 dBi) antenna with OS2400-HSE radios. These
antennas are the most common type in use today. Such antennas are approximately 5 inches long, and are
likely to be connected to a client radio (connected directly to the radio enclosure). These antennas do not
require a ground plane. Articulating antennas and non-articulating antennas work in the same way. An
articulating antenna bends at the connection.
Collinear array antenna
A collinear array antenna (shown at left) is typically composed of several linear antennas stacked
on top of each other. The more stacked elements it has, the longer it is, and the more gain it has.
It is fed in on one end.
The antenna pattern is torroidal. Its azimuthal beam width is 360° (omnidirectional). Its vertical
beam width depends on the number of elements/length, where more elements equal narrower
beam width. The antenna gain also depends on the number of elements/length, where more
elements produce higher gain. Typical gain is 5 to 10 dBi.
The antenna polarity is linear, or parallel to the length of the antenna.
Yagi array antenna
A yagi antenna is composed of an array of linear elements, each parallel to one another and attached
perpendicular to and along the length of a metal boom. The feed is attached to only one of the elements.
Page 10 of 11
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Elements on one side of the fed element are longer and act as reflectors; elements on the other side are
shorter and act as directors. This causes the antenna pattern to radiate in a beam pointed along the
boom toward the end with the shorter elements. The pattern and beam width depend on the overall
antenna geometry, including the number of elements, element spacing, and element length, but they are
generally proportional to the length, where longer length produces a narrower beam. Sometimes the
antenna is enclosed in a protective tube that hides the actual antenna geometry.
The antenna gain also varies with antenna geometry, but generally is proportional to the length, where
longer length produces higher gain. Typical values are 6 to 15 dBi. The antenna polarity is linear (parallel
to the elements, perpendicular to the boom).
Parabolic reflector antenna
A parabolic reflector antenna consists of a parabolic shaped dish and a
feed antenna located in front of the dish. Power is radiated from the feed
antenna toward the reflector.
Due to the parabolic shape, the reflector concentrates the radiation into a
narrow pattern, resulting in a high-gain beam.
The antenna pattern is a beam pointed away from the concave side of the
dish. Beam width and antenna gain vary with the size of the reflector and
the antenna construction. Typical gain values are 15 to 30 dBi.
The antenna polarity depends on the feed antenna polarization.
Page 11 of 11
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