Proxim Wireless LYNX96 Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum Radio User Manual manual

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INSTALLATION AND

MAINTENANCE MANUAL

1xE1, 2xE1 AND 4xE1 (2.048 Mbps)

SPREAD SPRECTRUM RADIOS

(2.4 AND 5.8 GHz)

INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

LYNX.sc E1 FAMILY

SPREAD SPECTRUM RADIOS

OCTOBER 1998

Installation and Maintenance Manual

may be reproduced without prior written permission from Glenayre Western Multiplex.

The information contained in this manual is subject to change without notice. Glenayre

Western Multiplex shall not be liable for errors contained herein or for incidental or

consequential damages in connection with the furnishing, performance, or use of this

manual or equipment supplied with this manual. Glenayre Western Multiplex makes no

warranty of any kind with regard to this manual or any equipment supplied with this manual,

including, but not limited to, the implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a

particular purpose.

Heliax is a registered product of Andrews Corporation.

Fireberd is a registered product of Telecommunications Techniques Corporation.

Printed in the United States of America

Notice: Y2K (Year 2000 Issue)

All software supplied by and for Glenayre Western Multiplex products adheres to the four-

(4) digit year nomenclature as required for Year 2000 compliance.

Glenayre Western Multiplex

1196 Borregas Avenue

Sunnyvale, California

USA

Tel: +1 408 542-5200

Fax:: +1 408 542-5300

Our facility has been Registered to the International Organization for Standardization

ISO 9000 Series Standards for quality.

Issue: October 1998

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iii

Regulatory Notice

This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a class B digital device,

pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection

against harmful interference in a residential installation. This equipment generates, uses and can

radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions, may

cause harmful interference to radio communications. However, there is no guarantee that interference

will not occur in a particular installation. If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or

television reception, which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on, the user is

encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures:

* Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna.

* Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver.

* Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is

connected.

* Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for help.

Shielded cables and I/O cords must be used for this equipment to comply with the relevant FCC

regulations.

Changes or modifications not expressly approved in writing by Glenayre Western Multiplex may void

the user's authority to operate this equipment.

This device complies with RSS-210 and/or RSS-139 of Industry Canada. Operation is subject to the

following two conditions: (1) this device may not cause interference, and (2) this device must accept

any interference, including interference that may cause undesired operation of the device.

This device must be professionally installed.

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vW/CS97-1

GENERAL TERMS

1.1 All Definitions contained in Glenayre Western Multiplex's

Conditions of Sale (Glenayre Western Multiplex document number

CS96-8), apply to the Warranty.

1.2 Subject to the provisions of the Warranty, Glenayre Western

Multiplex warrants that the equipment described in Paragraph 1.3

shall conform to their specifications described in Paragraph 1.4 in

all material respects and that the equipment shall be free from

material defects in materials and workmanship.

1.3 This Warranty applies to all original purchases of Glenayre

Western Multiplex manufactured equipment and accessories

(collectively the "Equipment").

1.4 This Warranty applies to the specifications contained in the most

recent version of the manual for the model of the Equipment

purchased (the "Specifications").

1.5 This Warranty does not apply to the following items of Equipment

which are covered by the Original Equipment Manufacturer's

warranty:

(a) antenna systems, including coax cable, waveguide, connectors

flex-sections, mounts, other parts of the antenna system and

installation materials;

(b) non-Glenayre Western Multiplex manufactured rack mounted

equipment that is assembled wired and tested at Glenayre

Western Multiplex's factory or supplied as part of a system,

including orderwire items, channel banks, multiplexers,

fuse/alarm panels, remote alarm items; and

price book.

1.6 The effective period of this Warranty shall start on the date of

shipment of the Equipment and shall end:

(a) for all spread spectrum unlicensed radio products and for all

licensed digital microwave radio products, two (2) years later;

(b) for all analog microwave radio products, three (3) years later; or

"Warranty Period").

1.7 The Customer acknowledges that Glenayre Western Multiplex

does not represent or warrant that the services provided by

Glenayre Western Multiplex under this Warranty will ensure

uninterrupted or error-free operation of the Equipment.

RETURN OF EQUIPMENT UNDER WARRANTY

2.1 If an item of Equipment malfunctions or fails in normal intended

usage and maintenance within the applicable Warranty Period:

(a) the Customer shall promptly notify Glenayre Western Multiplex

of the problem and the serial number of the defective item;

(b) Glenayre Western Multiplex shall, at its sole option, either

resolve the problem over the telephone or provide the Customer

with a Returned Materials Authorization number (RMA #) and

the address of the location to which the Customer may ship the

defective item;

shall attach a label to each Returned item describing the fault

and the Customer's Return address. The Customer shall, at its

cost, properly pack the item to be Returned, prepay the

insurance and shipping charges, and ship the item to the

specified location;

(d) if the Glenayre Western Multiplex product shall prove to be

defective in material or workmanship upon examination by

Glenayre Western Multiplex, Glenayre Western Multiplex shall

either repair or replace the Returned item at its sole option. The

replacement item may be new or refurbished; if refurbished, it

shall be equivalent in operation to new Equipment. If a

Returned item is replaced by Glenayre Western Multiplex, the

Customer agrees that the Returned item shall become the

property of Glenayre Western Multiplex.

(e) Glenayre Western Multiplex shall at its cost, ship the repaired

item or replacement to any destination within the United States

of America by carrier and method of delivery chosen by

Glenayre Western Multiplex. If the Customer has requested

some other form of conveyance, such as express shipping, or is

located beyond the USA borders, then the Customer shall pay

to the cost of return shipment.

2.2 Equipment which is repaired or replaced by Glenayre Western

Multiplex under this Warranty shall be covered under all of the

provisions of this Warranty for the remainder of the applicable

Warranty Period or ninety (90) days from the date of shipment of

the repaired item or replacement, whichever period is longer.

DEFAULT AND TERMINATION

3.1 Glenayre Western Multiplex may immediately terminate this

Warranty and all of its performance under this Warranty, upon

notification to the Customer, if the Customer:

(a) makes any unauthorized modifications to the Equipment;

(b) assigns or transfers the Customer's rights or obligations under

this Warranty without the written consent of Glenayre Western

Multiplex;

(d) has not paid Glenayre Western Multiplex all amounts for the

Equipment, services, or other additional charges within thirty

(30) days of receipt of written notice from Glenayre Western

Multiplex.

3.2 If this Warranty is terminated by Glenayre Western Multiplex, the

Customer shall remain liable for all amounts due to Glenayre

Western Multiplex.

FORCE MAJEURE

4.1 "Force Majeure" has the same meaning as defined in Glenayre

Western Multiplex's Conditions of Sale (Glenayre Western

Multiplex document number CS96-8).

4.2 Glenayre Western Multiplex shall not be responsible for failure to

discharge its obligations under this Warranty due to Force

Majeure.

LIMITATIONS AND QUALIFICATIONS OF WARRANTY

5.1 This Warranty does not apply to any damage, defect or failure

caused by:

(a) any part of the Equipment having been modified, adapted,

repaired, or improperly installed, operated, maintained, transported

or relocated by any person other than Glenayre Western Multiplex

personnel or a Glenayre Western Multiplex authorized service

agent, without Glenayre Western Multiplex's prior written consent;

(b) storage or environmental conditions which do not conform to the

applicable sections of the appropriate Glenayre Western Multiplex

Equipment Manual;

Maintenance Instructions of the appropriate Glenayre Western

Multiplex Equipment Manual;

(d) external causes, including external electrical stress or lightning, or

use in conjunction with incompatible equipment, unless such use

was with Glenayre Western Multiplex's prior written consent;

(e) cosmetic damage;

(f) accidental damage, negligence, neglect, mishandling, abuse or

misuse, other than by Glenayre Western Multiplex personnel or a

Glenayre Western Multiplex authorized service agent; or

(g) Force Majeure.

Please see reverse side for additional limitations on damages.

WARRANT

INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

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W/CS97-1 vi

LIMITATIONS ON DAMAGES (North America)

6.1 THE WARRANTY STATED IN THIS DOCUMENT IS

THE CUSTOMER'S EXCLUSIVE WARRANTY FOR THE

EQUIPMENT; GLENAYRE WESTERN MULTIPLEX

SPECIFICALLY DISCLAIMS ALL OTHER

WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED,

INCLUDING ANY WARRANTIES OF FITNESS FOR A

PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND OF MERCHANTABILITY.

6.2 GLENAYRE WESTERN MULTIPLEX SHALL NOT BE

LIABLE IN TORT, INCLUDING LIABILITY IN

NEGLIGENCE OR STRICT LIABILITY, AND SHALL

HAVE NO LIABILITY AT ALL FOR INJURY TO

PERSONS OR PROPERTY. GLENAYRE WESTERN

MULTIPLEX'S LIABILITY FOR FAILURE TO FULFIL ITS

OBLIGATIONS UNDER THIS WARRANTY OR ANY

OTHER LIABILITY UNDER OR IN CONNECTION WITH

THE EQUIPMENT SHALL BE LIMITED TO THE

AMOUNT OF THE PURCHASE PRICE OF THE

EQUIPMENT. THE REMEDIES STATED IN THIS

WARRANTY ARE THE CUSTOMER'S EXCLUSIVE

REMEDIES AGAINST GLENAYRE WESTERN

MULTIPLEX REGARDING THE EQUIPMENT.

6.3 EVEN IF GLENAYRE WESTERN MULTIPLEX HAS

BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF THEM,

GLENAYRE WESTERN MULTIPLEX SHALL NOT BE

LIABLE FOR ANY INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL

OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES, INCLUDING THE

COST OF LABOR BY THE CUSTOMER'S OWN

EMPLOYEES, AGENTS OR CONTRACTORS IN

IDENTIFYING, REMOVING OR REPLACING THE

DEFECTIVE ITEM; LOST PROFITS, AND REVENUES;

FAILURE TO REALIZE EXPECTED SAVINGS; ANY

CLAIM AGAINST A CUSTOMER BY A THIRD PARTY;

OR ANY OTHER COMMERCIAL OR ECONOMIC

LOSSES OF ANY KIND.

6.4 THESE LIMITATIONS AND DISCLAIMERS ARE NOT

MADE BY GLENAYRE WESTERN MULTIPLEX WHERE

PROHIBITED BY LAW.

LIMITATIONS ON DAMAGES (International)

6.1 THE WARRANTY STATED IN THIS DOCUMENT IS

THE CUSTOMER'S EXCLUSIVE WARRANTY FOR THE

EQUIPMENT; ALL OTHER WARRANTIES OF ANY

KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING ANY

WARRANTIES OF FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR

PURPOSE AND OF MERCHANTABILITY ARE

EXCLUDED TO THE FULLEST EXTENT PERMITTED

BY LAW.

6.2 GLENAYRE WESTERN MULTIPLEX'S LIABILITY FOR

FAILURE TO FULFIL ITS OBLIGATIONS UNDER THIS

WARRANTY OR IN TORT OR AS A RESULT OF

STRICT LIABILITY OR ANY OTHER LIABILITY UNDER

OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE EQUIPMENT OR ITS

SUPPLY SHALL BE LIMITED, EXCEPT IN RESPECT

OF DEATH AND PERSONAL INJURY CAUSED BY

GLENAYRE WESTERN MULTIPLEX'S NEGLIGENCE,

TO THE AMOUNT OF THE PURCHASE PRICE OF THE

EQUIPMENT. THE REMEDIES STATED IN THIS

WARRANTY ARE THE CUSTOMER'S EXCLUSIVE

REMEDIES AGAINST GLENAYRE WESTERN

MULTIPLEX REGARDING THE EQUIPMENT.

6.3 EVEN IF GLENAYRE WESTERN MULTIPLEX HAS

BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF THEM,

GLENAYRE WESTERN MULTIPLEX SHALL NOT BE

LIABLE FOR ANY INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL

OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES, INCLUDING THE

COST OF LABOR BY THE CUSTOMER'S OWN

EMPLOYEES, AGENTS OR CONTRACTORS IN

IDENTIFYING, REMOVING OR REPLACING THE

DEFECTIVE ITEM; LOST PROFITS, AND REVENUES;

FAILURE TO REALIZE EXPECTED SAVINGS; ANY

CLAIM AGAINST A CUSTOMER BY A THIRD PARTY;

OR ANY OTHER COMMERCIAL OR ECONOMIC

LOSSES OF ANY KIND.

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vii W/CS97-1

DEFINITIONS

1.1 In these Conditions, unless there is something in the subject

matter or context necessarily inconsistent:

(a) "Glenayre Western Multiplex" means Glenayre Western Multiplex

(d.b.a. Glenayre Western Multiplex), Wilmington, MA;

(b) "Equipment" means the equipment itemized on the

Quotation/Order Acknowledgment;

America and Canada, including their territories and possessions;

(d) "North America" means any location in the United States of

America and Canada, including their territories and possessions;

(e) "Order Acknowledgment" means the sales order acknowledgment

provided by Glenayre Western Multiplex to the Customer;

(f) "Payment Instructions" means Glenayre Western Multiplex's

payment instructions, (Glenayre Western Multiplex document

P197-1);

(g) "Quotation" means the quotation signed by an authorized

representative of Glenayre Western Multiplex and provided to the

Customer;

(h) "Shipping Date" means the actual date on which the Equipment

left Glenayre Western Multiplex's factory at Wilmington, MA,

U.S.A.;

(i) "Warranty" means Glenayre Western Multiplex's warranty,

document W97-1;

(j) "Invoice" means the bill of goods prepared by Glenayre Western

Multiplex for the equipment with the shipping and any insurance

costs.

1.2 Headings have been inserted in these Conditions for convenience

of reference only and will not effect their construction.

ENTIRE AGREEMENT

2.1 The Quotation, these Conditions of Sale, the Order

Acknowledgment, the Payment Instructions and the Warranty shall

apply to all sales made by Glenayre Western Multiplex and shall

constitute the entire agreement by Glenayre Western Multiplex and

the Customer (the "Agreement ").

2.2 Any terms and/or conditions of sale, which may be included on the

Customer's purchase order form or any communication from the

Customer, that are not identical with the terms and conditions

steed in this document shall NOT become a part of the agreement

of sale unless expressly agreed to in writing in the Quotation.

2.3 Glenayre Western Multiplex's failure to object to any terms and/or

conditions of sale contained in any communication from the

Customer shall not be considered as acceptance of such terms

and/or conditions or as a waiver of the terms and conditions of sale

contained herein.

2.4 Glenayre Western Multiplex shall sell to the Customer, and the

Customer shall purchase from Glenayre Western Multiplex, the

Equipment in accordance with the Agreement. Glenayre Western

Multiplex accepts the Customer's purchase orders for Equipment

and agrees to deliver the Equipment to the Customer only on the

terms of the Agreement.

2.5 No variation of the Agreement shall be binding unless agreed to in

writing by authorized representatives of Glenayre Western

Multiplex and the Customer.

PRICING

3.1 All prices in the Quotation are exclusive of all shipping charges

and all applicable taxes including but not limited to, federal, state,

local, excise, sales and use taxes.

3.2 All prices in the Quotation unless otherwise stated:

(a) for North American customers are FOB Wilmington, MA, USA.

(New York Uniform Commercial Code); or

(b) for international customers are Ex-Works, Wilmington, MA, U.S.A.

(Incoterms 1990).

3.3 All prices in the Quotation include standard domestic packing,

unless a separate line item is provided detailing export or special

packing charges.

SHIPPING AND INSURANCE

4.1 Glenayre Western Multiplex shall arrange shipping and insurance

when requested by the Customer, and shall bill the Customer for

the Equipment with the shipping and any insurance costs as

separate items, on an invoice (the "Invoice").

4.2 Delivery dates quoted by Glenayre Western Multiplex are to be

considered estimates only. In no event will Glenayre Western

Multiplex be liable for any loss or damage resulting from its failure

to deliver products within a specified time.

TERMS OF PAYMENT

5.1 The Customer shall pay for all Equipment, including shipping and

insurance in accordance with the terms of the Invoice.

5.2 All Invoices for North American Customers are due and payable in

thirty (30) days from the date of the Invoice.

5.3 International Customers shall make payments in accordance with

Glenayre Western Multiplex's Payment Instructions by either:

(a) providing a wire transfer (telegraphic transfer) for the full amount of

the Equipment, shipping and insurance charges contained in the

Quotation or the pro-forma Invoice sent to the Customer, prior to

the Shipping Date; or

(b) establishing an acceptable Letter of Credit (LC) for the full amount

of the Equipment, shipping and insurance charges contained in the

Quotation prior to the order being booked and accepted by

Glenayre Western Multiplex.

5.4 If a Customer fails to pay an Invoice when due, Glenayre Western

Multiplex may, without prejudice to am other remedy, postpone

shipments, alter payment terms, terminate the Agreement and

charge interest on all overdue amounts the rate of 1.5% per month

compounded monthly (or if less, the maximum allowed by law).

Upon demand, the Customer shall pay all such interest charges

and all reasonable collection fees, including reasonable legal

expenses.

SECURITY FOR PAYMENT

6.1 If the Customer is located in North America, the Customer grants

to Glenayre Western Multiplex a purchase money security interest

in the Equipment to secure the payment of the purchase price of

the Equipment and all other amounts due from the Customer.

6.2 If the Customer is not located in North America:

(a) despite delivery and passing of risk in the Equipment and any

other provision of these Conditions, the title in the Equipment shall

not pass to the Customer until Glenayre Western Multiplex has

received payment in full of the purchase price of the Equipment

and all other amounts then due from the Customer, and

(b) until the title in the Equipment passes to the Customer:

(i) the Customer shall hold the equipment as Glenayre Western

Multiplex 's fiduciary agent and bailee, and shall properly store,

protect and insure the Equipment and shall identify the Equipment

as Glenayre Western Multiplex property;

(ii) if the Customer fails to pay Glenayre Western Multiplex in

accordance with the agreed payment terms, Glenayre Western

Multiplex may require the Customer to deliver up the Equipment to

Glenayre Western Multiplex, and, if the Customer does not,

Glenayre Western Multiplex may enter on the premises where the

Equipment is stored and repossess the Equipment; and

(iii) the Customer shall not pledge the Equipment by way of security for

any, indebtedness of the Customer, but if the Customer does so all

moneys owed by the Customer to Glenayre Western Multiplex

shall, without prejudice to any other remedy of Glenayre Western

Multiplex, immediately become due.

CHANGES TO PRODUCT SPECIFICATIONS

7.1 Glenayre Western Multiplex may, without notice to the Customer,

make changes to the specifications of Equipment which do not

materially affect the quality or performance of the Equipment.

EQUIPMENT CONFIGURATION AND EXPEDITING CHARGES

8.1 At the Customer's request, Glenayre Western Multiplex may, for a

fee agreed in advance:

(a) reconfigure the Equipment; or

(b) expedite the Customer's order.

NDITI

ALE

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W/CS97-1 viii

SHORTAGES

9.1 The customer shall not make any claim for shortages (which are

items that the Invoice does not show are on back-order) after

twenty-one (21) days after the date of the Invoice.

RETURNS AND EXCHANGES

10.1 The return of defective Equipment is covered by the Warranty .

10.2 The Customer may only return Equipment that is not defective if:

(a) the Equipment does not correspond with the Customer's purchase

order; or

(b) the Equipment has been ordered in error by the Customer and

Glenayre Western Multiplex has permitted the Customer to remedy

the mistake by ordering the correct equipment and resuming the

Equipment and the Customer obtains a Returned Materials

Authorization number ("RMA #") from Glenayre Western Multiplex

prior to returning any Equipment.

10.3 Glenayre Western Multiplex reserves the right to charge a fee for

returned equipment under Subparagraph 10.2(b) with the amount

of the fee being determined prior to an RMA # being given by

Glenayre Western Multiplex.

10.4 Authorized returns of equipment under Paragraph 10.2 must be in

an undamaged condition, in the original configuration, in the

original packing materials and within a time period agreed to when

the RMA # was issued.

10.5 If the Customer does not comply with the provisions of Paragraphs

10.2, 10.3, and 10.4, the Customer shall pay the full amount of the

Invoice.

10.6 The party liable for all shipping, insurance and any other expenses

incurred by the Customer in returning the Equipment under

Paragraph 10.2 and for all loss or damage to the Equipment until

received by Glenayre Western Multiplex, shall be: (a) for all items

returned under Subparagraph 10.2(a), Glenayre Western Multiplex

and (b) for all items resumed under Subparagraph 10.2(b), the

Customer.

CANCELLATION

11.1 If the Customer cancels an order before the Shipping Date,

Glenayre Western Multiplex reserves the right to charge the

Customer a cancellation charge up to 100% of the amount of the

order.

11.2 The Customer shall pay all cancellation charges within thirty (30)

days from date of the Invoice.

FORCE MAJEURE

12.1 Glenayre Western Multiplex shall not be liable if its performance of

the Agreement becomes commercially impractical due to any

contingency beyond Glenayre Western Multiplex's reasonable

control, including acts of God, fires, floods, wars, sabotage, civil

unrest, accidents, labor disputes or shortages, government laws,

rules and regulations, whether valid or invalid, inability to obtain

material, equipment or transportation, incorrect, delayed or

incomplete specifications, drawings or data supplied by the

Customer or others (collectively "Force Majeure"). In no event of

Force Majeure shall Glenayre Western Multiplex be required to

purchase goods from others to enable it to deliver the Equipment

under the Agreement.

ENGINEERING AND SYSTEM DESIGN

13.1 The Customer is solely responsible for the engineering, design,

integration and normal preventative and remedial maintenance of

the Customer's system for which Glenayre Western Multiplex

supplies Equipment.

13.2 Glenayre Western Multiplex is not responsible for the satisfactory

operation of the Equipment in conjunction with other

manufacturer's equipment, nor for any losses which may occur as

a result of a failure of the Equipment to operate in conjunction with

other manufacturer's equipment.

WARRANTY

14.1 All Equipment is covered by the Warranty.

14.2 THE WARRANTY CONTAINS LlMITATIONS ON THE

CUSTOMER'S RIGHTS AND REMEDIES AGAINST GLENAYRE

WESTERN MULTIPLEX UNDER THE AGREEMENT.

THE CUSTOMER ACKNOWLEDGES HAVING READ,

UNDERSTOOD AND AGREED TO THOSE LIMITATIONS.

DAMAGES FOR BREACH OF AGREEMENT

15.1 If either party is successful in any litigation between the parties

based on the Agreement, the successful party shall recover from

the other, in addition to direct damages, the successful party's

reasonable attorney's fees and other costs of litigation.

INSOLVENCY OF CUSTOMER, ETC.

16.1 Glenayre Western Multiplex may cancel the Agreement and

suspend any further deliveries under the Agreement without any

liability to the Customer, and, if Equipment has been delivered but

not paid for, the price shall become immediately due and payable

despite any other agreement to the contrary if:

(a) any proceedings in bankruptcy, insolvency, receivership or

liquidation are taken against the Customer;

(b) the Customer makes an assignment for the benefit of

creditors or commits an act of bankruptcy or insolvency;

ordinary course of its business, or transfers all or substantially all

of its property;

(d) the Equipment is seized under any legal process or

confiscated; or

(e) Glenayre Western Multiplex in good faith believes that the

ability of the Customer to pay or perform any provision of the

Agreement is impaired, or that any of the events mentioned above

is about to occur.

NOTICE

17.1 All requests, instructions and notices from one party to the other

must be in writing and may be given via registered post or

facsimile transmission to the address of the parties shown on the

Quotation or Order Acknowledgment.

EXPORT PROVISIONS

18.1 The Customer shall not, whether directly or indirectly (including

facilitating a third party) export or re-export the Equipment outside

the country in which the Customer has stated these items are to be

used without obtaining the licenses required under ail applicable

rules. The Customer shall indemnify Glenayre Western Multiplex

against any liability incurred by Glenayre Western Multiplex due to

any violation by the Customer of any of the provisions of this

Section, but this indemnity shall not apply if the Customer

reasonably relies on information supplied to it by Glenayre

Western Multiplex with respect to export licenses. Upon receipt of

a governmental consent to export the receiving party shall

immediately notify the other in writing.

MISCELLANEOUS

19.1 No waiver by Glenayre Western Multiplex of any breach of this

Agreement shall be considered as a waiver of any subsequent

breach of the same or any other provision.

19.2 Any provision of the Agreement which is, or is deemed to be,

unenforceable in any jurisdiction shall be severable from the

Agreement in that jurisdiction without in any way invalidating the

remaining portions of the Agreement, and that unenforceability

shall not make that provision unenforceable in any other

jurisdiction.

19.3 The rights which accrue to Glenayre Western Multiplex by virtue of

the Agreement shall inure for the benefit of and be binding upon

the successors and assigns of Glenayre Western Multiplex.

19.4 The agreement shall be governed by the laws of the State of

California including the California Uniform Commercial Code.

However Glenayre Western Multiplex may enforce the provisions

of the Agreement in accordance with the laws of the jurisdiction in

which the Equipment is situated. The United Nations Convention

on the Sale of Goods (The Vienna Convention) shall not apply to

the Agreement.

19.5 Les parties ont exigés que cette entente soit rédigée en anglais.

INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

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TOC & INTRODUCTION i

Table of Contents

1. HOW TO USE THIS MANUAL ....................................................................................................................1-1

1.1 MANUAL ORGANIZATION............................................................................................................................1-1

1.2 ICONS.......................................................................................................................................................... 1-2

2. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION ...........................................................................................................................2-1

2.1 GENERAL DESCRIPTION ............................................................................................................................ 2-1

2.2 SPECIFICATIONS ........................................................................................................................................2-2

2.2.1 Transmitter .......................................................................................................................................2-2

2.2.2 Antenna / Antenna Coupling Unit..................................................................................................2-3

2.2.3 Receiver............................................................................................................................................2-4

2.2.4 System (Single Hop Performance) ...............................................................................................2-5

2.2.5 Digital Line Interface .......................................................................................................................2-7

2.2.6 Auxiliary Connections .....................................................................................................................2-8

2.2.7 Temperature and Environment ..........................................................................................................2-9

2.2.8 Power.................................................................................................................................................2-9

2.2.9 Regulatory Information....................................................................................................................2-10

2.2.10 Mechanical.......................................................................................................................................2-10

2.3 FRONT PANEL DESCRIPTION...................................................................................................................2-11

2.3.1 General ............................................................................................................................................2-11

2.3.2 Test Points / Power Indicator.......................................................................................................2-12

2.3.3 Alarm and Status Indicators.........................................................................................................2-13

2.3.4 Controls...........................................................................................................................................2-14

2.3.5 Connections ...................................................................................................................................2-15

2.4 REAR PANEL DESCRIPTION.....................................................................................................................2-16

2.4.1 RF Connection...............................................................................................................................2-17

2.4.2 DATA Connections........................................................................................................................2-18

2.4.3 Auxiliary Data Connections..........................................................................................................2-19

2.4.4 Switches..........................................................................................................................................2-20

2.5 INSTALLATION ACCESSORIES.................................................................................................................. 2-22

3. INSTALLATION & ADJUSTMENTS............................................................................................................3-1

3.1 SHIPPING CONTAINER ............................................................................................................................... 3-1

3.2 PACKING ITEMS IDENTIFICATION ............................................................................................................... 3-2

3.3 BEFORE INSTALLATION TASK LIST............................................................................................................3-3

3.3.1 Site Selection Requirements.......................................................................................................... 3-3

3.3.2 Line-of-Sight and Path Clearance Guidelines .............................................................................3-4

3.3.3 RSL Calculation and Link Budget.................................................................................................. 3-5

3.3.4 Fade Margin Calculation................................................................................................................. 3-6

3.3.5 Availability Calculation ....................................................................................................................3-7

3.3.6 Frequency Plan Determination ......................................................................................................3-8

3.3.7 Power Supply Planning...................................................................................................................3-9

3.3.8 Antenna Planning ..........................................................................................................................3-10

3.4 TOOLS REQUIRED.................................................................................................................................... 3-11

3.5 FREQUENCY CHANNEL PLANS ................................................................................................................ 3-12

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ii TOC & INTRODUCTION

3.6 MOUNTING THE LYNX.SC ....................................................................................................................... 3-15

3.7 POWER CONNECTION AND WIRING ........................................................................................................3-16

3.7.1 DC Power Wiring...........................................................................................................................3-17

3.7.2 AC Power Connection...................................................................................................................3-19

3.8 ANTENNA CONNECTION...........................................................................................................................3-20

3.9 TRANSMISSION LINE CONNECTION .........................................................................................................3-21

3.10 ANTENNA INSTALLATION & ALIGNMENT .................................................................................................. 3-22

3.11 CEPT-1 (E1) INTERFACECONNECTION..................................................................................................... 3-25

3.12 DIP SWITCH SETTINGS ............................................................................................................................. 3-26

3.12.1 Channel Selection ......................................................................................................................... 3-26

3.12.2 Loopback Test Signal Selection..................................................................................................3-27

3.12.3 Spreading Code Selection............................................................................................................3-28

3.12.4 Input Alarm (Data Loss) Enable/Disable....................................................................................3-29

3.12.5 AIS Enable/Disable .......................................................................................................................3-30

3.13 SYSTEM TURN-UP TO SERVICE...............................................................................................................3-31

3.13.1 Output Power Adjustment ............................................................................................................3-39

3.13.2 Loopback/BER Testing.................................................................................................................3-40

3.13.3 Error LED Mode Selection............................................................................................................3-42

3.14 ADDITIONAL CONNECTIONS.....................................................................................................................3-43

3.14.1 Orderwire Connection and Address Selection ..........................................................................3-43

3.14.2 Alarm Connections........................................................................................................................3-46

3.14.3 Diagnostics Port Operation.............................................................................................................3-48

3.14.3.1 Diagnostics Port using RS-232................................................................................................3-49

3.14.3.2 Diagnostics Port using RS-422................................................................................................3-50

3.14.3.3 TBOS Protocol and Map...........................................................................................................3-51

3.14.4 AUX DATA (Digital Service Channel) Connection .........................................................................3-53

3.14.5 Protect Port Connection (Preliminary Information) ...................................................................3-56

3.14.6 Protect Port Connection (Preliminary Information) ...................................................................3-57

4. TROUBLESHOOTING...................................................................................................................................4-1

4.1 REGULAR MAINTENANCE........................................................................................................................... 4-1

4.2 CHANGING FREQUENCY PLANS...................................................................................................................4-2

4.3 USING A SPARE TERMINAL........................................................................................................................ 4-3

4.4 TECHNICAL SUPPORT................................................................................................................................4-4

4.5 REPAIR POLICY..........................................................................................................................................4-5

4.6 FRONT PANEL STATUS LEDS...................................................................................................................4-6

4.6.1 DATA LOSS Alarms........................................................................................................................ 4-7

4.6.2 BER (Bit Error Rate) Alarm ............................................................................................................4-9

4.6.3 RX SYNC (Receiver Synchronization) Alarm............................................................................4-12

4.6.4 AIS OUT (Alarm Indication Signal)..............................................................................................4-13

4.6.5 FAN Alarm......................................................................................................................................4-14

4.6.6 RADIO FAIL Alarm........................................................................................................................4-15

4.6.7 FAR END Alarm.............................................................................................................................4-16

4.7 ERRORS IN THE DATA STREAM ...............................................................................................................4-17

4.8 INTERFERENCE COUNTERMEASURES .....................................................................................................4-18

4.8.1 Use of a Spectrum Analyzer to Evaluate Potential Interference............................................. 4-20

4.9 BACK-TO-BACK TESTING......................................................................................................................... 4-21

4.10 BER (BIT ERROR RATE) TESTING.......................................................................................................... 4-23

5. APPENDICES..................................................................................................................................................5-1

APPENDIX A - DIGITAL LINE INTERFACE SPECIFICATIONS................................................................................... 5-1

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TOC & INTRODUCTION iii

1. General Characteristics.............................................................................................................................5-1

2. Specifications at the output ports...............................................................................................................5-1

APPENDIX B - REAR PANEL DIP SWITCHES ........................................................................................................ 5-3

APPENDIX C - REAR PANEL DATA CONNECTORS ................................................................................................5-9

Figures

FIGURE 2-1: FRONT PANEL, 2.4 GHZ & 5.8 GHZ 1XE1 .......................................................................................... 2-11

FIGURE 2-2: FRONT PANEL, 2.4 GHZ & 5.8 GHZ 2XE1 .......................................................................................... 2-11

FIGURE 2-3: FRONT PANEL, 2.4 GHZ & 5.8 GHZ GHZ 4XE1.................................................................................. 2-11

FIGURE 2-4: REAR PANEL, 1XE1 ..............................................................................................................................2-16

FIGURE 2-5: REAR PANEL, 2XE1 ..............................................................................................................................2-16

FIGURE 2-6: REAR PANEL, 4XE1 ..............................................................................................................................2-16

FIGURE 2-7: CEPT-1 INTERFACE GROUNDING SWITCH............................................................................................2-18

FIGURE 3-1: CHANNEL PLAN, 2.4 GHZ 1XE1 ........................................................................................................... 3-12

FIGURE 3-2: CUSTOM CHANNEL PLAN, 2.4 GHZ E1................................................................................................. 3-12

FIGURE 3-3: CHANNEL PLAN, 2.4 GHZ 2XE1 ........................................................................................................... 3-13

FIGURE 3-4: CHANNEL PLAN, 5.8 GHZ 1XE1 ........................................................................................................... 3-13

FIGURE 3-5: CHANNEL PLAN, 5.8 GHZ 2XE1 ........................................................................................................... 3-14

FIGURE 3-6: CHANNEL PLAN, 5.8 GHZ 4XE1 ........................................................................................................... 3-14

FIGURE 3-7: NEGATIVE VOLTAGE DC CONNECTION ................................................................................................3-18

FIGURE 3-8: POSITIVE VOLTAGE DC CONNECTION ..................................................................................................3-18

FIGURE 3-9: AC CONNECTION..................................................................................................................................3-19

FIGURE 3-10: TYPICAL RSL VOLTAGE VERSUS RECEIVED SIGNAL LEVEL (RSL).....................................................3-24

FIGURE 3-11: CEPT-1 INTERFACE GROUNDING SWITCH..........................................................................................3-25

FIGURE 3-12: LOOPBACK MODE SELECTION.............................................................................................................3-27

FIGURE 3-13: SPREADING CODE SELECTION............................................................................................................. 3-28

FIGURE 3-14: INPUT ALARM DISABLE SWITCH ......................................................................................................... 3-29

FIGURE 3-15: AIS SWITCH ....................................................................................................................................... 3-30

FIGURE 3-16: TYPICAL RF OUTPUT POWER VERSUS PWR VOLTAGE, 2.4 GHZ MODELS.........................................3-33

FIGURE 3-17: TYPICAL RF OUTPUT POWER VERSUS PWR VOLTAGE, 5.8 GHZ MODELS.........................................3-34

FIGURE 3-18: ERROR LED MODE SELECTION ..........................................................................................................3-42

FIGURE 3-19: RJ-11 ORDERWIRE TELEPHONE CONNECTION .................................................................................... 3-44

FIGURE 3-20: VF PORT CONNECTION....................................................................................................................... 3-45

FIGURE 3-21: PIN CONNECTIONS, ALARM INTERFACE ...........................................................................................3-46

FIGURE 3-22: DIAGNOSTIC PORT PROTOCOL SELECTION .......................................................................................... 3-48

FIGURE 3-23: RS-232 DIAGNOSTIC PORT CONNECTIONS..........................................................................................3-49

FIGURE 3-24: RS-422 DIAGNOSTIC PORT CONNECTIONS..........................................................................................3-50

FIGURE 3-25: REPEATER AND HUB TBOS RADIO NETWORK MANAGEMENT ........................................................... 3-54

FIGURE 3-26: REPEATER APPLICATION WITH SITE NETWORK MANAGEMENT........................................................... 3-54

FIGURE 3-27: AUX DATA CABLE CONNECTION FOR REPEATER/HUB .................................................................... 3-55

FIGURE 3-28: AUX DATA SELECTION ......................................................................................................................3-55

FIGURE 3-29: MHS CONFIGURATION .......................................................................................................................3-56

FIGURE 3-30: SD CONFIGURATION ...........................................................................................................................3-57

FIGURE 4-1: BACK-TO-BACK TEST CONFIGURATION ................................................................................................4-22

FIGURE 4-2: END-TO-END BER TEST CONFIGURATION............................................................................................ 4-23

FIGURE A-1: MASK OF THE E1 PULSE (CEPT-1)........................................................................................................ 5-2

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iv TOC & INTRODUCTION

FIGURE C-1: VF PORT CONNECTION ..........................................................................................................................5-9

FIGURE C-2: ALARM PORT CONNECTIONS.................................................................................................................. 5-9

FIGURE C-3: DIAGNOSTIC PORT 9-PIN D-STYLE CONNECTOR .................................................................................. 5-10

FIGURE C-4: AUX DATA PORT 9-PIN D-STYLE CONNECTOR .................................................................................5-10

Tables

TABLE 3-A: DC POWER CONNECTION FOR NEGATIVE SUPPLY.................................................................................3-16

TABLE 3-B: DC POWER CONNECTION FOR NEGATIVE SUPPLY................................................................................. 3-16

TABLE 3-C: TRANSMITTER OUTPUT POWER ADJUSTMENT, +6 DBW EIRP INSTALLATIONS....................................3-37

TABLE 3-D: TRANSMITTER OUTPUT POWER ADJUSTMENT FOR 2.4 GHZ, USA INSTALLATIONS.............................. 3-38

TABLE 3-E: ALARM INTERFACE CONNECTIONS........................................................................................................3-47

TABLE 3-F: TBOS MAP FOR THE LYNX.SC E1S......................................................................................................3-52

TABLE A-2: CEPT-1 INTERCONNECTION SPECIFICATION ........................................................................................... 5-1

TABLE B-1: LYNX.SC 2.4 GHZ 1XE1 SWITCH SETTINGS ..........................................................................................5-4

TABLE B-2: LYNX.SC 2.4 GHZ 2XE1 SWITCH SETTINGS ..........................................................................................5-5

TABLE B-3: LYNX.SC 5.8 GHZ 1XE1 SWITCH SETTINGS ..........................................................................................5-6

TABLE B-4: LYNX.SC 5.8 GHZ 2XE1 SWITCH SETTINGS..........................................................................................5-7

TABLE B-5: LYNX.SC 5.8 GHZ 4XE1 SWITCH SETTINGS ..........................................................................................5-8

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SECTION 1: HOW TO USE THIS MANUAL PAGE 1-1

1. How to Use This Manual

1.1 Manual Organization

The Installation and Maintenance Manual provides information required to install and maintain the

LYNX.sc and to use its many features to the fullest advantage. This manual is divided into the

following sections:

Section 1 Provides instructions on how to most effectively utilize the information in

this manual.

Section 2 Provides a brief description and specifications of the LYNX.sc.

Section 3 Explains the LYNX.sc installation and adjustments in detail.

Section 4 Provides maintenance, repair and troubleshooting information for the

LYNX.sc Spread Spectrum radios.

Appendices Charts and diagrams are provided for radio connections and DIP switch

settings along with other general information.

This device must be professionally installed. Instructions on

setting the transmitter RF output power are contained in

Section 3 of this Manual.

This device is to be used exclusively for fixed point-to-point

operation that employs directional antennas.

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PAGE 1-2 SECTION 1: HOW TO USE THIS MANUAL

1.2 Icons

Throughout this manual, the following icons are used to highlight areas of special interest and

importance.

Note Practical Tip Caution

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SECTION 2: PRODUCT DESCRIPTION PAGE 2-1

2. Product Description

2.1 General Description

The LYNX.sc Spread Spectrum radios provide a new level of control and convenience in a digital

communications network.

The LYNX.sc radios carries up to four E1 signals between two locations without the delay and

expense of installing cable or traditional microwave.

Because each owner controls the operation of the link, there is no reliance on any outside

services. LYNX.sc radio operators are able to operate instant links whenever needed, and to be in

control of their own network.

The LYNX.sc offers two primary benefits:

❖ CONVENIENCE Easy to install and operate with no user license

requirements or frequency coordination in the USA.

(Other countries may require a user license and/or

frequency coordination).

❖ CAPABILITY Full transparent E1 signals over any line-of-sight distance

(typically up to 50 miles, depending on terrain and

governmental regulations).

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PAGE 2-2 SECTION 2: PRODUCT DESCRIPTION

2.2 Specifications

All specifications are subject to change without notice.

2.2.1 Transmitter

All Models

Frequency Selection Rear Panel DIP switches; 7-cavity RF filter assembly

Modulation OQPSK

Coding Direct Sequence

Number of Codes 4 (Rear Panel DIP switch selectable)

2.4 GHz E1 2.4 GHz 2 x E1 (future product-contact factory)

Output Power (typ.) +30 dBm +30 dBm

Output Power (min.) +27 dBm +27 dBm

Control Range 16 dB min. 16 dB min.

Frequency Range 2410-2473 MHz 2421-2462.5 MHz

(occupies (occupies

2400- 2400-

2483.5 MHz) 2483.5 MHz)

5.8 GHz E1 5.8 GHz 2 x E1 5.8 GHz 4 xE1

Output Power (typ.) +23 dBm +23 dBm +23 dBm

Output Power (min.) +20 dBm +20 dBm +20 dBm

Control Range 20 dB min. 20 dB min. 20 dB min.

Frequency Range 5735-5840 MHz 5741-5834 MHz 5750-5825 MHz

(occupies (occupies (occupies

5725- 5725- 5725-

5850 MHz) 5850 MHz) 5850 MHz)

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SECTION 2: PRODUCT DESCRIPTION PAGE 2-3

2.2.2 Antenna / Antenna Coupling Unit

All Models

Mechanics External antenna

Antenna Connection N-type female

Impedance 50 ohms

2.4 GHz 5.8 GHz

Recommended 4, 6, or 8 foot 2, 4, 6, or 8 foot

Antenna (not included) parabolic parabolic

Gain & Beamwidth (3 dB)

2 ft Antenna N/A 29 dB / 6°

4 ft Antenna 27 dB / 7° 35 dB / 3°

6 ft Antenna 31 dB / 5° 38 dB / 2°

8 ft Antenna 33.5 dB / 3.5° 41 dB / 1.5°

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PAGE 2-4 SECTION 2: PRODUCT DESCRIPTION

2.2.3 Receiver

All Models

Nominal Receive Level -30 to -60 dBm

Maximum Receive Level 0 dBm error free, +10 dBm no damage

Frequency Selection Rear Panel DIP switches, 7-cavity RF filter assembly

Processing Gain 10 dB minimum

2.4 GHz 1 x E1 2.4 GHz 2 x E1 (future product)

Threshold Rx Level -93 dBm -85 dBm

(BER = 10-6)

Frequency Range 2400 - 2400 -

2483.5 MHz 2483.5 MHz

5.8 GHz 1 x E1 5.8 GHz 2 x E1 5.8 GHz 4 x E1

Threshold Rx Level -92 dBm -90 dBm -82 dBm

(BER = 10-6)

Frequency Range 5725 - 5725 - 5725 -

5850 MHz 5850 MHz 5850 MHz

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SECTION 2: PRODUCT DESCRIPTION PAGE 2-5

2.2.4 System (Single Hop Performance)

All Models

Error Floor 10-11

Dispersive Fade Margin 58 dB, typical

Transmission delay

(radio only) 250 µsec, maximum

(10 mile path) 300 µsec, maximum

System Gain* --USA-- -----------------------NO EIRP LIMIT ------------------------

2.4 GHz** 2.4 GHz E1 5.8 GHz 1xE1 5.8 GHz 2xE1

0.6m Antennas N/A N/A 160 dB 158 dB

1.2m Antennas 166 dB 169 dB 172 dB 170 dB

1.8m Antennas 174 dB 181 dB 184 dB 182 dB

2.4m Antennas 176 dB 181 dB 184 dB 182 dB

Typical Link Distance*** 0.6m Antennas 1.2m Antennas 1.8m Antennas 2.4m Antennas

No EIRP Limit ≤24 km ≤64 km ≤80 km >80 km

+6 dBW EIRP ≤8 km ≤16 km ≤24 km ≤32 km

* Same size antenna and 30 meter ½ inch coaxial transmission line (6.6 dB @ 5.8 GHz, 4 dB @

2.4 GHz) at each end of the link with no EIRP limits.

** (2.4 GHz EIRP limits apply in the U.S.A.)

*** Assumes 30 meter ½ inch coaxial transmission line and same size antennas at each end.

Shorter and longer link distances can be accomplished depending on transmission line quality

(and diameter), length of transmission line and other more minor factors.

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PAGE 2-6 SECTION 2: PRODUCT DESCRIPTION

System (Single Hop Performance)

Transmit Frequencies

2.4 GHz 1xE1 2.4 GHz 2xE1 5.8 GHz 1xE1 5.8 GHz 2xE1 5.8 GHz 4xE1

(future prod.)

A1 channel 2410 MHz 2421 MHz 5735 MHz 5741 MHz 5735 MHz

A2 channel 2453 MHz 2462.5 MHz 5800 MHz 5803 MHz 5800 MHz

B1 channel 2430 MHz N/A 5755 MHz 5772 MHz 5755 MHz

B2 channel 2473 MHz N/A 5820 MHz 5834 MHz 5820 MHz

---- Custom Channel Plan* ----

C1 channel 2421 MHz* N/A 5775 MHz N/A 5775 MHz

C2 channel 2462.5 MHz* N/A 5840 MHz N/A 5840 MHz

Receive Frequencies

2.4 GHz 1xE1 2.4 GHz 2xE1 5.8 GHz 1xE1 5.8 GHz 2xE1 5.8 GHz 4xE1

(future prod.)

A1 channel 2453 MHz 2462.5 MHz 5800 MHz 5803 MHz 5800 MHz

A2 channel 2410 MHz 2421 MHz 5735 MHz 5741 MHz 5735 MHz

B1 channel 2473 MHz N/A 5820 MHz 5834 MHz 5820 MHz

B2 channel 2430 MHz N/A 5755 MHz 5772 MHz 5755 MHz

---- Custom Channel Plan* ----

C1 channel 2462.5 MHz* N/A 5840 MHz N/A 5840 MHz

C2 channel 2421 MHz* N/A 5775 MHz N/A 5775 MHz

* Custom channel plan option for 2.4 GHz 1xE1 model only

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SECTION 2: PRODUCT DESCRIPTION PAGE 2-7

2.2.5 Digital Line Interface

All Models

Data Rate 2.048 Mbps

Digital Interface * CEPT-1

Connector BNC female unbalanced, 75 ohm

(optional 120 ohm balanced balun available)

Blue Code ** Alarm Indication Signal (AIS)

Remote Loopback Internal or external test signal (rear panel DIP switch selectable)

* Meets ITU-T G.703.

** Signal is selectable (on/off) and is generated only on data loss or link failure when selected.

2.4 GHz 1xE1 2.4 GHz 2xE1 (future product)

Digital Capacity 1 x E1 2 x E1

5.8 GHz 1xE1 5.8 GHz 2xE1 5.8 GHz 4xE1

Digital Capacity 1 x E1 2 x E1 4 x E1

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PAGE 2-8 SECTION 2: PRODUCT DESCRIPTION

2.2.6 Auxiliary Connections

All Models

Orderwire Interface 2-wire, 4-pin modular jack, female (RJ-11)

REN (Ringer Equivalency Number) 1.0 B

Ringing Voltage 48 VDC, typical

(use telephones with solid state ringers, NOT adequate for older style mechanical ringers)

VF Orderwire Bridge 600 ohm balanced, 4-wire, 0 dBm, DB-25, male

Diagnostic Port RS-232/ RS-422 (Craft / TBOS), DB-9, male

Aux Data (clear service channel) RS-232 / RS-422, ≤9600 baud, DB-9, female

Alarm 2 x Form C, 6 x TTL, DB-25, female

Protect Port 8-pin modular jack female

Test Points Output Power, near-end and far-end

received signal level (RSL)

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SECTION 2: PRODUCT DESCRIPTION PAGE 2-9

2.2.7 Temperature and Environment

All Models

Operating Temperature Range -30 to +65°C

Humidity 95% non-condensing

Altitude 4,500 meters, maximum

2.2.8 Power

All Models

DC Input Voltage ±20 to ±63 VDC

Power Consumption < 45 watts

AC Adapter (optional) 100-250 VAC, 50-60 Hz

Connector Barrier strip, plug-in type

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PAGE 2-10 SECTION 2: PRODUCT DESCRIPTION

2.2.9 Regulatory Information

2.4 GHz 1xE1* 2.4 GHz 2xE1 (future product)

FCC Identifier HZB-LYNX32 TBD

FCC Rule Parts 15.247 15.247

Industry Canada ID 522 102 415A TBD

IC Rule Parts RSS 210 RSS 139

ETSI ETS 300-328 and -826 (pending)

5.8 GHz 1xE1* 5.8 GHz 2xE1* 5.8 GHz 4xE1*

FCC Identifier HZB-LYNX36 HZB-LYNX46 HZB-LYNX86

FCC Rule Parts 15.247 15.247 15.247

Industry Canada ID 2028 102 237 522 102 426 522 102 826

IC Rule Parts RSS 210 RSS 210 RSS 210

ETSI (pending) (pending) (pending)

* Approved and/or Certified in many other countries (consult factory)

2.2.10 Mechanical

All Models

Width (for 19-inch EIA 437 mm (17.2") rack mounting brackets supplied

rack mounting)

Height 89 mm (3.5") (2RU)

Depth 368 mm (14.5")

Weight 5 kg. (11 lbs.)

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SECTION 2: PRODUCT DESCRIPTION PAGE 2-11

2.3 Front Panel Description

2.3.1 General

The LYNX.sc radio front panels, as shown in Figure 2-1 through 2-3, have LED indicators, test

points, controls and connections that are used for installation, maintenance, operation and

troubleshooting. Prior to installation, it is best to be familiar with the front panel of your particular

model. Sections 2.3.2 through 2.3.5 briefly describe the front panel access and lights from left to

right.

Figure 2-1: Front Panel, 2.4 GHz & 5.8 GHz 1xE1

Figure 2-2: Front Panel, 2.4 GHz & 5.8 GHz 2xE1

Figure 2-3: Front Panel, 2.4 GHz & 5.8 GHz GHz 4xE1

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PAGE 2-12 SECTION 2: PRODUCT DESCRIPTION

2.3.2 Test Points / Power Indicator

ON This is an LED indication. When lit GREEN, the LYNX.sc is powered.

The LYNX.sc radio products do not have an on/off switch.

GND This is a test point referenced to chassis ground. This is used in conjunction with the

next two test points to measure voltages related to radio performance.

RSL This is a test point which relates to the Received Signal Level (RSL). A voltage can

be measured with a voltmeter (using the GND test point for reference) which

corresponds to the actual power level of the incoming received signal. While the

DISPLAY FAR END button is pressed, this RSL voltage corresponds to the RSL of

the far-end radio. These measurements are used during installation, maintenance

and troubleshooting.

LOCAL

TX PWR This is a test point which corresponds to the output transmit power of the radio. A

voltage can be measured with a voltmeter (using the GND test point for reference)

which corresponds to the actual power level of the outgoing signal. This

measurement is used during installation, maintenance and troubleshooting

.This voltage only applies to the near-end and does not allow measurement

of the far-end output transmit power, even when the DISPLAY FAR END

button is pressed.

There is a receptacle on the front panel to the right of the LOCAL TX PWR test point

which is an installation adjustment allowing the output transmit power to be

increased or decreased within the radio's specified limits. Using a small screwdriver,

this adjustment is used to set the output power of the transmitter, in accordance to

the path planning.

The LYNX.sc systems requires professional installation. Transmitted output

power limits may apply when using this radio. Consult FCC, IC, ETSI

Glenayre Western Multiplex or other regulatory authorities for limits which

may apply. See Section 3.13.1 for details on setting output power.

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SECTION 2: PRODUCT DESCRIPTION PAGE 2-13

2.3.3 Alarm and Status Indicators

DATA

LOSS When lit RED, this is an alarm condition indicating that the LYNX.sc radio is not

receiving E1 input data on the corresponding data input channel. This alarm function

can be disabled by rear panel DIP switch setting (see Section 2.4.4). Under data

loss condition, the local transmitter injects AIS (Alarm Indication Signal).

BER This is the Bit Error Rate (BER) alarm. When lit RED, this alarm condition indicates

that the received signal bit error rate is above the error threshold of 1 x 10-

. This

alarm condition typically indicates a path problem or a problem with the far-end radio

and usually is not a problem with the near- end radio.

RX SYNC When lit RED, this is an alarm condition indicating that the intended received signal

is not being received. This alarm may indicate problems related to the path,

connections, or the near-end or far-end radio hardware. When the RX SYNC alarm

is active, AIS (Alarm Indication Signal) is injected into the E1 line transmit output

data port.

AIS OUT When lit RED, this is a status condition indicating that the radio receiver is

transmitting AIS (Alarm Indication Signal) on the E1 line transmit output data port,

due to loss of received signal. This typically indicates a path or connection problem

or a near-end or far-end radio hardware problem. This alarm function can be

disabled by rear panel DIP switch setting (see Section 3.12.5).

FAN When lit RED, this is an alarm condition indicating a failure with one or both of the

internal cooling fans. The radio is designed to operate within specification when only

one fan is operating. The two fans are provided for redundancy only.

RADIO

FAIL When lit RED, this is an alarm condition indicating a major failure with the near-end

radio hardware. It can also indicate improper connections to the CEPT-1 input port.

FAR END When lit RED, this is an alarm condition indicating that there are alarm or status

conditions present on the far-end radio. Press and hold the "Display Far End" button

on the near-end radios to indicate the alarm conditions for the far-end radio terminal.

Monitoring the far-end alarms can be helpful for radio installation and routine

maintenance.

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PAGE 2-14 SECTION 2: PRODUCT DESCRIPTION

2.3.4 Controls

Loopback is a test method used which transmits either an internal or

external E1 test signal and loops this E1 signal back at the far-end radio (re-

transmits the signal back to the near end). The near end then receives the

signal. This is very useful for testing because the test signal can be

monitored at the near-end and the quality of the entire link can be measured

using a Bit Error Rate (BER) test, or internal test features, without anyone

going to the far-end radio location.

ERROR When lit RED, this indicates that a bit error occurred while in loopback mode. If you

are not using a BER test set, this LED may be observed to determine if there are

any bit errors during loopback, for example during an overnight test.

ENABLE This is a push-button switch that executes the loopback mode for the corresponding

channel. Loopback is initiated by pressing and holding this switch for approximately

3 seconds. Once in loopback mode, the LED which is embedded in the switch is

illuminated YELLOW to indicate that Loopback is ON. The LED on the near-end

radio flashes while the far-end is solid. Loopback is disabled by pushing and

releasing the ENABLE button at either the near-end or far-end radio.

Enabling loopback will interrupt traffic. This is an out-of-service test.

CH SEL This is a push-button switch provided only one the 4xE1 version that selects the

channel for loopback mode. The channel is determined by the number of times the

switch is pressed. Press (hold for 2 seconds and release) for channel 1, press again

for channel 2, press again for channel 3 and press again for channel 4. Loopback is

initiated using the ENABLE switch; the LED in the CH SEL button flashes in a group

sequence to identify which channel is selected for loopback.

DISPLAY

FAR END This push-button provides the capability to determine alarms and status of the far-

end radio. When pressed and held, the alarm and status LEDs and the RSL test

point correspond to the far-end radio’s status and RSL value. This can be used for

installation, maintenance and troubleshooting. When the LED on this switch is

flashing, no far-end information is available. This typically indicates that there is no

link between near-end and far-end radios.

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SECTION 2: PRODUCT DESCRIPTION PAGE 2-15

2.3.5 Connections

ORDERWIRE

This connection is used to access the orderwire function. This is a facility for "telephone" style

service from one radio to another. A standard electronic telephone [one with a handset and DTMF

(push-button tone) dialing] plugs into this connector. The user can dial the orderwire address of

the far-end radio (or any radio in the LYNX.sc network) to establish telephone communication

between sites. This communication does not interrupt or interfere with the other radio

communications. The radio link must be operational to use this facility. The orderwire feature can

be very useful for installation, maintenance and troubleshooting.

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PAGE 2-16 SECTION 2: PRODUCT DESCRIPTION

2.4 Rear Panel Description

The LYNX.sc radio rear panel, as shown in Figures 2-4 through 2-6, has connections and DIP

switches that are used for installation, maintenance, operation and trouble-shooting. Prior to

installation, you should familiarize yourself with the rear panel.

Figure 2-4: Rear Panel, 1xE1

Figure 2-5: Rear Panel, 2xE1

Figure 2-6: Rear Panel, 4xE1

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SECTION 2: PRODUCT DESCRIPTION PAGE 2-17

2.4.1 RF Connection

The RF port of the LYNX.sc radio is an N-type female connector that is an integral part of the filter

assembly. The filter assembly occupies nearly the entire top half of the rear panel. The N-Type

connector is used to connect the antenna, typically using coaxial transmission line. In some

cases, waveguide may be used as the primary transmission line, in which case a waveguide-to-N

adapter is required.

For the LYNX.sc, 1/2" or 5/8” coaxial cable (LDF4-50 or

LDF4.5-50) is recommended. Coaxial cable that is 7/8” or

larger can exhibit moding at 5.8 GHz and is not recommended

for 5.8 GHz radios. For waveguide transmission line at 5.8

GHz, EW-52 waveguide is recommended. EW-63 will also

work, but may exhibit more loss.

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PAGE 2-18 SECTION 2: PRODUCT DESCRIPTION

2.4.2 DATA Connections

The connection for the CEPT-1 (E1) interface is shown in Figure 2-7 as J1 through J4 (additionally

J5 through J8 on the 4xE1 model). These connections carry the E1 signals in and out of the radio.

Multiple capacity (2xE1 and 4xE1) provide extra sets of input and output ports to connect each E1

signal.

The BNC data ports accept bipolar signals with the shield normally left open (floating) in order to

eliminate ground loop problems. If desired, the BNC shield on the data ports may be grounded

using switch settings on SW2.

For balanced E1 input, use a 120 ohm balun and BNC cables to

provide a RJ45 4-wire connection. SW2 has no effect when

using the typical balun.

Figure 2-7: CEPT-1 Interface Grounding Switch

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SECTION 2: PRODUCT DESCRIPTION PAGE 2-19

2.4.3 Auxiliary Data Connections

There are 5 auxiliary data connections for LYNX.sc as shown in Figure 2-4 through Figure 2-6.

VF This connector is used to link two LYNX.sc radios at a repeater site for Orderwire

operation. This would allow orderwire "telephone" calls to and from any point in the

LYNX.sc network.

The LYNX.sc orderwire circuit can also be connected to other existing

orderwire networks. See Section 3.14.1 for details.

ALARM This connector is used for monitoring alarms electrically. The alarm connections are

essentially the same as described for the front panel, however instead of LED

operation, alarm status is provided electrically by means of TTL and Form C relay

connections. The TTL and Form C relays can be connected to other transmission

equipment for monitoring alarm status locally or remotely.

DIAG-

NOSTICS This is a serial interface port (RS-232 or RS-422, ≤9600 baud) to the LYNX.sc radio.

This port provides maintenance information about the LYNX.sc radio(s) to a

connected computer or terminal. This port is typically used for maintenance and

troubleshooting or connection to network management systems.

AUX

DATA This is a serial interface port (RS-232 or RS-422, ≤9600 baud) which allows the user

to connect auxiliary serial data from one point in the radio network to another. This

facility can also be used for bridging the DIAGNOSTICS port for remote alarm and

status monitoring (TBOS network management) or for connecting other equipment's

serial alarm information. It can alternatively be used for separate data connection for

LANs or other serial devices.

PROTECT This is a port used to connect the LYNX.sc radio to an additional unit for Monitored

Hot Standby (MHS) or Space Diversity (SD) configuration. The MHS and SD units

can be configured to provide protection to the LYNX.sc radio by means of a "back-

up" radio which would switch-in should there be problems with the primary radio or

the radio path.

The protect feature is not available at the time of the printing

of this manual

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PAGE 2-20 SECTION 2: PRODUCT DESCRIPTION

2.4.4 Switches

There are two sets of 8-segment DIP switches (SW1 & SW3) and two rotary switches (Address

TENS and ONES), as shown in Figures 2-4 through 2-6 on the rear panel of the LYNX.sc radio.

These switches provide user configuration of several radio parameters. A brief explanation for

each function follows.

Refer to the switch setting detail in Appendix B for your

particular model.

SW1

Input

Alarm

Disable

These switch segments allow the user to “turn off” the DATA LOSS alarm for any

input channel. This can be helpful if the data channel is not in use or while

performing maintenance to temporarily turn off the alarm indication. Even when this

alarm is disabled, the LYNX.sc radio will inject AIS into the transmitted data stream

when there is a data loss condition. (see Section 3.12.4)

Loopback

Mode This switch segment allows the user to select either the internal or an external test

signal while in loopback mode. (see Section 3.12.2)

Error

Unlatch This switch segment selects an optional mode for the ERROR LED to flash for each

error occurrence (instead of latching on). This can be useful for short duration

loopback testing when the operator is located at the terminal site and watching for

errors. (see Section 3.13.3)

AIS

Disable This switch segment allows the user to select whether or not an AIS signal will be

automatically injected into the received E1 data stream at BER ≥ 1 x 10-3. This can

be useful for measuring threshold or when a E1 channel is not in use. The AIS will

be injected into the received E1 data stream if the radio loses sync (RX SYNC alarm

active), even if the AIS disable function has been selected. (see Section 3.12.5)

Diag-

nostic

Protocol

This switch segment is default set to Telemetry Bit Oriented Serial (TBOS) mode on

the diagnostics port. This is a non-proprietary network management protocol which

is common to some radio networks. The other selection is for factory use only. (see

Section 3.14.3)

Enable

Aux

Data

This switch segment allows the AUX DATA port to be optionally used as a clear

service channel for RS-232 or RS-444 (≤ 9600 baud) user data. The radio normally

“bridges” the AUX DATA port to the DIAGNOSTICS PORT for TBOS radio network

management. (see Section 3.14.4)

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SECTION 2: PRODUCT DESCRIPTION PAGE 2-21

SW2

Interface

Connec-

tion

These switch segments allow the user to have the shield of each CEPT-1 input

connection either grounded or floating. The shield is normally “floating” to eliminate

ground loop problems. (see Section 3.11)

SW3

Spread-

ing Code This set of switch segments allow the user to select the spreading code for the

spread spectrum signal. Both ends of a radio system must be set to the same code.

Users may wish to change codes for radios that are nearby other similar radios to

aid in interference rejection. (see Section 3.12.3)

Channel

Selection This set of switch segments programs the radio to match the specific RF channel

corresponding to the RF filter set which has been installed. (see Section 3.12.1)

Address There are two rotary switches which determine the radio's address (01 to 99). This

address is used for Orderwire signaling and for the DIAGNOSTICS port TBOS

address. (see Section 3.14.1)

Refer to Appendix B for Switch Settings

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PAGE 2-22 SECTION 2: PRODUCT DESCRIPTION

2.5 Installation Accessories

The LYNX.sc radio is shipped with several accessories commonly required for the radio as

described below:

AC Power

Supply If ordered as an option, this power supply provides AC to DC conversion for use

with AC powered locations.

AC Power

Cord This power cord connects the AC Power Supply, if ordered, to a standard 115V

U.S. AC outlet.

Rack Mount

Brackets Two brackets (along with required mounting screws) are provided which allow 19-

inch rack mounting of the LYNX.sc radio.

Terminal

Connector This is a 6-pin mating connector used for DC power supply.

Connector

9-pin

Two of these mating connectors are provided. One is used for the DIAGNOSTICS

port interface and another for the AUX DATA port.

Connector

25-pin

There are 2 mating connectors provided, one for the ALARM interface and the

other for the VF interface.

RF Power

Adjustment

Cover

A small plastic cap is provided which is placed over the RF output power

adjustment receptacle once output power has been set by professional installation

personnel.

Other accessories are available, such as orderwire handsets, connector adapters and special

cables. These can be ordered separately upon request.

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SECTION 2: PRODUCT DESCRIPTION PAGE 2-23

Your Notes on the LYNX.sc Radio

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SECTION 3: INSTALLATION & ADJUSTMENTS PAGE 3-1

3. Installation & Adjustments

3.1 Shipping Container

The equipment is shipped in boxes unless ordered as an integrated system and configured at the

factory, in which case the equipment may be racked and shipped in a crate. The equipment is

packaged so as to prevent damage in transit.

The boxes should be left intact and sheltered until arrival at the installation site.

If the shipping container shows signs of damage, the

transportation company should be notified immediately. Extra

care and inspection of the contents is advised immediately upon

receipt.

It is recommended that all the packaging materials be

retained. In the unlikely event that the equipment must be

returned to the factory, use the original packing materials for

return shipment. The original packaging materials are also

recommended for transporting the equipment from

location to location.

Inside the primary shipping containers, internal boxes may contain other items. These boxes

should also be saved for future use.

Also, save the LYNX.sc radio test data sheet that is provided.

The test data sheet can be placed where the LYNX.sc terminal

will be installed for future quick reference. This sheet could also

be placed in the front pocket of this manual, and the manual

kept at the radio location for future reference. All LYNX.sc units

are individually tested and the actual measured performance

recorded on the Factory Test Data Sheet. You will find this

information to be of use during installation, troubleshooting and

maintenance.

A set of quick installation instructions is also provided which can be useful for easy reference

during installation.

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PAGE 3-2 SECTION 3: INSTALLATION & ADJUSTMENTS

3.2 Packing Items Identification

The primary shipping container houses the radio and an additional box. The box contains several

related items inside including:

❖This manual

❖Installation accessory kit (see Section 2.5)

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SECTION 3: INSTALLATION & ADJUSTMENTS PAGE 3-3

3.3 Before Installation Task List

There are several tasks that should be accomplished prior to installing the LYNX.sc radio system.

This section briefly describes the following:

- Site selection

- Line-of-Sight and Path Clearance determination

- Anticipated RSL calculation

- Fade margin calculation

- Availability calculation

- Frequency plan determination

- Power supply planning

- Antenna (and accessories) purchase

Only directional antennas should be used with LYNX.sc spread

spectrum radios. These can be grid or solid parabolic antennas

(minimum 2 foot - .6 meter). Flat panel antennas are also

acceptable if the beam width is kept to a minimum.

3.3.1 Site Selection Requirements

The radio site must have:

- access to the appropriate power

- close proximity to the telephone or computer system you wish to interconnect

- line-of-sight to the other radio location with adequate clearance

- location for mounting the antenna

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PAGE 3-4 SECTION 3: INSTALLATION & ADJUSTMENTS

3.3.2 Line-of-Sight and Path Clearance Guidelines

The LYNX.sc radios will not operate properly unless they have line-of-sight between their

corresponding antennas. The LYNX.sc radio transmission will not pass through trees or other

obstacles. Factors to consider include:

- Earth curvature

- Future growth of trees

- Height of buildings

In addition to the line-of-sight requirement, a well-engineered path will also have additional path

clearance to allow for signal loss due to partial obstructions, atmospheric ducting and ground

reflections. To maximize radio reception, 0.6 times the first Fresnel zone should be calculated and

this distance added to the path clearance (in addition to trees or buildings).

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SECTION 3: INSTALLATION & ADJUSTMENTS PAGE 3-5

3.3.3 RSL Calculation and Link Budget

The received signal level (RSL) can be estimated using the following formula:

RSL (dBm) = Pout - FL1+ G1 + G2 - FL2 - Lp

where: Pout is the transmitter output power (in dBm)

FL1 is the feeder loss of the transmit side (in dB)

G1 is the gain of the transmit antenna (in dB)

G2 is the gain of the receive antenna (in dB)

FL2 is the feeder loss of the receive side (in dB)

Lp is the Path loss, defined by:

Lp (dB) = 96.6 + 20 log10F + 20 log10D

where: F = Frequency in GHz (2.4 or 5.8)

D = Distance of path in miles

This link budget is very important for determining any potential problems during installation. If you

have calculated the expected RSL, you can see if it has been achieved during installation, and

troubleshoot if necessary.

In the USA, 5.8 GHz models of the LYNX.sc may be installed

with any size directional antennas and operated at full power.

The 2.4 GHz model may require power reduction where: Pout -

FL1+ G1 is replaced by 30 - [(G1 - 6)/ 3] + FL1

In some countries effective isotropic radiated power (EIRP)

limits apply, such as +6 dBW (+36 dBm) in Canada. Output

power may need to be reduced, and the above path planning

equation changed such that: EIRP (dBm) = Pout + G1 - FL1

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PAGE 3-6 SECTION 3: INSTALLATION & ADJUSTMENTS

3.3.4 Fade Margin Calculation

The fade margin is the difference between the actual received signal and the radio’s threshold.

Using the formula provided in Section 3.3.3, the anticipated RSL can be calculated. Compare this

RSL to the specified threshold of the LYNX.sc radio, which is shown in Section 2.2, and calculate

the fade margin as the difference between the two signal levels.

Dispersive fade margin is another factor that many microwave path engineers may use to plan

their link budget. For the LYNX.sc radio, the dispersive fade margin is in excess of 55 dB and

therefore is not a determining factor in path planning. This excellent dispersive fade margin

performance is important because the spread spectrum RF signal has considerably wide

bandwidth.

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SECTION 3: INSTALLATION & ADJUSTMENTS PAGE 3-7

3.3.5 Availability Calculation

Availability of the microwave path is a measure of the percent of the time that the link will operate

without producing an excessive BER due to multipath fading. In the absence of direct interference,

availability is affected by the following:

- Path length

- Fade margin

- Frequency (2.4 GHz or 5.8 GHz in the case of the LYNX.sc radios)

- Terrain (smooth, average, mountainous)

- Climate (dry, temperate, hot/humid)

Depending on the type of traffic carried over the link, the system designer may wish to design for

a specific availability. For example, if the data or voice traffic that is carried by the radio is critical

then it may be designed for a very high availability (e.g. 99.999% or 5.3 minutes of outage per

year). To improve availability, for example, the fade margin can be increased by making the path

shorter, or by using higher gain antennas in conjunction with lower loss feeders (by using high

quality transmission line or shortening feed length).

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PAGE 3-8 SECTION 3: INSTALLATION & ADJUSTMENTS

3.3.6 Frequency Plan Determination

When configuring radios in a hub or repeater configuration, careful engineering of the LYNX.sc

radio frequency plans and antenna locations should be performed in order to minimize potential

interference between the nearby radios. As a rule of thumb, do not place identical frequency plan

radios (e.g. two “A” channel radios) at the same site. In most cases, it is desirable to use a

different frequency plan (e.g. A versus B). However, with careful engineering, placing more than

one radio of the same frequency channel plan at the same site can be accomplished. In fact, the

LYNX.sc frequency plan is designed to allow complex hub configurations that may require re-

using the same frequency plan. When designing these types of configurations, antenna size and

antenna location are critical. If identical channel plans must be used at the same site, the same

radio channel (e.g. A1 and A1) should be used at a site to minimize interference. Using alternate

channels (e.g. A1 and A2) is less likely to be successful (and therefore not recommended) due to

the high level of transmitter to receiver isolation required from the antenna system.

Sometimes it is required to locate the LYNX.sc radio nearby a transmitter that is the same as, or

close to the LYNX.sc receive or transmit frequencies. In this case, the LYNX.sc terminal that

should be placed closest to this interfering transmitter should be the specific terminal with the

receive frequency which is furthest from this unwanted transmitted frequency. This approach

minimizes the potential of interference. While interference conditions are rare when using the

LYNX.sc radios, cases of interference may be overcome by exchanging the radios from end to

end or simply reinstalling the filter unit, as described in Section 4.2 (thus swapping the frequencies

of both ends of the radio link). In some cases, changing frequency plans (e.g. from A to B) can

also help mitigate any interference.

Section 4.8 of this manual describes interference

countermeasures in further detail.

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SECTION 3: INSTALLATION & ADJUSTMENTS PAGE 3-9

3.3.7 Power Supply Planning

The LYNX.sc radio must have access to a supply of appropriate power, either DC or AC (if the AC

adapter option has been ordered). The LYNX.sc can be powered from a DC battery system, or

from a solar or generator power plant, usually with battery reserves. Typically either a positive or

negative ground 24 or 48 volt supply is used. For DC, be sure the cable is of sufficient gauge to

carry the necessary current and it is less than three (3) meters (9.75 feet) in length.

Before installing the radio, plan for the continuous power consumption needs in accordance with

the specifications given in Section 2.2 of this manual. It is also wise to plan for backup power for

critical communication circuits (including the LYNX.sc radio). Backup power allows the radios and

associated equipment to continue operation when primary power is interrupted.

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PAGE 3-10 SECTION 3: INSTALLATION & ADJUSTMENTS

3.3.8 Antenna Planning

Using the path planning tools, proper antenna size can be determined which will yield the desired

path performance. In general, the larger the antenna that is used with the LYNX.sc radio, the

better the link will perform. Larger antennas have narrower beamwidth and higher gain, which will

yield better link performance (higher fade margin, better availability) and improve immunity to

interference (due to the smaller beamwidths). However, larger antennas are more costly to

purchase and install than smaller antennas, in some cases requiring special equipment for

installation. All of these factors should be taken into consideration when selecting antennas.

In areas where transmitted output power restrictions apply, the

use of larger antennas will maintain the benefit of narrow

beamwidths and receive gain. However, output power may need

to be reduced to meet regulations. (See Section 3.13.1)

Prior to installation, the specific antenna location and mounting should be determined. This

advanced planning also yields the transmission line requirements.

Only directional antennas should be used with LYNX.sc

spread spectrum radios. These can be grid or solid parabolic

antennas (minimum 2 foot - .6 meter). Flat panel antennas are

also acceptable if the beam width is kept to a minimum.

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SECTION 3: INSTALLATION & ADJUSTMENTS PAGE 3-11

3.4 Tools Required

The following tools may be required for the installation of the LYNX.sc radios:

- Phillips (cross tip) screwdrivers (for 19-inch rack mounting and attachment of brackets)

- Small blade standard screwdriver (for power supply connector and RF output power

adjust)

- Soldering iron (if using any D-type connectors)

- Wire strippers (for removing insulation from power supply and other wiring)

- Digital Voltmeter (to measure RSL, Tx output power, Alarms)

The following tools are recommended for the installation of the LYNX.sc radios:

- RF power meter (to measure transmitter output power)

- Cellular phone or two-way radio (for talking with far-end crew and tower crew)

- Bit Error Rate test set (to test link after installation)

- Touch-tone Telephone* (to test orderwire circuits and for communication with far-end)

Additional tools will likely be needed for antenna and transmission line installation and antenna

alignment. Consult Sections 3.8 through 3.10 of this manual for more details.

*Telephone connection specifications:

REN (Ringer Equivalency Number) 1.0 B

Ringing Voltage 48 VDC, typical

(Ringing voltage is adequate for modern solid state ringers,

NOT for the older mechanical type ringers)

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PAGE 3-12 SECTION 3: INSTALLATION & ADJUSTMENTS

3.5 Frequency Channel Plans

The LYNX.sc system offers several non-overlapping channel plans for the different models of

radio. This channel plan arrangement allows users to implement LYNX.sc systems in the

proximity of other LYNX.sc radios (planned or unplanned), hub and repeater applications, and can

be used to mitigate interference. The channel plans are illustrated below in Figures 3-1 through 3-

6. Section 4.2 and 4.3 describe how to change frequency channel assignments of a LYNX.sc

radio.

Figure 3-1: Channel Plan, 2.4 GHz 1xE1

Figure 3-2: Custom Channel Plan, 2.4 GHz E1

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Figure 3-3: Channel Plan, 2.4 GHz 2xE1

Figure 3-4: Channel Plan, 5.8 GHz 1xE1

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PAGE 3-14 SECTION 3: INSTALLATION & ADJUSTMENTS

Figure 3-5: Channel Plan, 5.8 GHz 2xE1

Figure 3-6: Channel Plan, 5.8 GHz 4xE1

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SECTION 3: INSTALLATION & ADJUSTMENTS PAGE 3-15

3.6 Mounting the LYNX.sc

The LYNX.sc radio can be mounted at any height in a standard 19-inch rack. Blank rack-mounting

spaces above and below the LYNX.sc are recommended, especially if the surrounding equipment

dissipates a considerable amount of heat (over 50W).

The LYNX.sc radio may be set up for mounting with the front edge projecting from the front face

of a standard 19-inch rack using the rack mounting brackets enclosed with the screws in the

Accessory Kit (4 per bracket). The rack mounting brackets may be reversed, in order to install for

flush or cabinet mounting if preferred. Depending on rack configuration, it may be necessary to

remove the four adhesive backed rubber feet on the bottom of the unit.

The LYNX.sc radio has internal fans which intake and

exhaust on the left and right sides of the chassis. When rack

mounting, it is important to leave a small gap between the

outer edges of the radio and the inside edge of the rack.

The LYNX.sc radio may alternatively be placed on a table or shelf

attached to a wall. Because of the low weight of the LYNX.sc, any

mounting option other than rack mounting will be less secure.

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PAGE 3-16 SECTION 3: INSTALLATION & ADJUSTMENTS

3.7 Power Connection and Wiring

There is no ON/OFF switch on the LYNX.sc. As soon as

power is applied, the equipment will be operational. This

means that there can be up to 1W of RF power present at

the antenna port. The antenna port should be terminated

before power is applied.

Power is connected using the DC power plug contained in the Accessory Kit. Use Table 3-A or 3-

B along with the associated diagram of Figure 3-7 or 3-8 to connect the DC power cables. For

example, for a negative DC power input, use Table 3-A and Figure 3-7.

NEGATIVE DC POWER INPUT

(–20 TO –63 VDC)

PIN FUNCTION

1 Power (–DC)

2 Ground (see figure 3-7)

3 Return (+DC)

4 Return (+DC)

5 Ground (see figure 3-7)

6 Power (–DC)

Table 3-A: DC Power Connection for Negative Supply

POSITIVE DC POWER INPUT

(+20 TO +63 VDC)

PIN FUNCTION

1 Return (–DC)

2 Ground (see figure 3-8)

3 Power (+DC)

4 Power (+DC)

5 Ground (see figure 3-8)

6 Return (–DC)

Table 3-B: DC Power Connection for Negative Supply

Pins 1 and 6 are connected together on the motherboard. Either

pin may be used to apply (-DC) DC power input. Similarly, pins

3 and 4 are connected together on the motherboard and may

be used to apply (+DC) DC power input.

For DC power return connection, connect to the opposite

voltage (either the -DC or the +DC Pin) and connect the return

to ground at the DC power plug on pins 2 and/or 5.

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SECTION 3: INSTALLATION & ADJUSTMENTS PAGE 3-17

3.7.1 DC Power Wiring

Connect the power cable with adequate current rating (minimum of 20 AWG) to the terminals

shown on the removed (not plugged into the radio) DC power plug using the screw connections.

The recommended minimum current rating of external fuses and cables is 3 Amps. The LYNX.sc

radios consume less than 1 Amp at ±48V and less than 2 Amps at ±24V. Be sure the DC power

cable is less than 3 meters (9.75 feet) in length.

Each LYNX.sc terminal should be externally fused separately

with a 5 Amp maximum fuse. The DC power cable must be

less than three (3) meters in length.

If using negative power, connect the negative voltage to pins 1 or 6. Connect the ground return

connection to pins 3 or 4. See Figure 3-7.

If using positive power, connect the positive voltage to pins 3 or 4. Connect the ground return

connection to pins 1 or 6. See Figure 3-8.

The ground connection is available at pins 2 and 5. Either pin may be used to ground the return

side of the power supply. Do not ground both sides of the power supply.

Proper grounding, either through the chassis and/or the power

supply, can be very important for protection from lightning. A

grounding screw hole is provided on the rear panel.

The ground connection may be left floating if the power supply

is referenced to ground externally and to avoid ground loops in

some configurations. However, this may not provide adequate

grounding for lightning protection.

Use a DVM (digital voltmeter) to verify voltage and polarity on the DC power plug.

Do not connect the DC power plug to the rear of the LYNX.sc

terminal until a load is connected to the antenna port (either an

RF pad, or an RF cable and antenna).

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PAGE 3-18 SECTION 3: INSTALLATION & ADJUSTMENTS

Figure 3-7: Negative Voltage DC Connection

Figure 3-8: Positive Voltage DC Connection

Make sure that when connecting the mating plug that it is

properly oriented (terminal screws pointing up) and securely

fastened.

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SECTION 3: INSTALLATION & ADJUSTMENTS PAGE 3-19

3.7.2 AC Power Connection

The optional AC power supply (P/N 31049) operates from any AC voltage 100V - 250V and 50 Hz

or 60 Hz. The AC supply is equipped with a mating connector that plugs directly into the LYNX.sc

radio and an AC cord with a 3-pin AC plug. The AC cord color code is shown in Figure 3-9 in case

users wish to replace the AC plug supplied with a different type of plug.

Figure 3-9: AC Connection

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PAGE 3-20 SECTION 3: INSTALLATION & ADJUSTMENTS

3.8 Antenna Connection

The LYNX.sc radio is equipped with an N-type female connector at the antenna port located on

the rear panel. A short length (~6 feet) jumper cable such as RG-214 coax (or “pigtail”) fitted with

two N-type male connectors can be used to connect the antenna port to the antenna transmission

line (see Section 3.9). The recommended cable type for a jumper is RG-214.

A low loss 50-ohm cable (for example LDF4-50 1/2 inch coax) or EW-52 waveguide (for 5.8 GHz

radios) is recommended for the antenna transmission line between the top of the rack and the

antenna. The return loss presented by the transmission line at the top of the rack should be as

high as possible (20 dB, minimum recommended). The length of the antenna transmission line

should be kept as short as possible (to minimize losses).

For 5.8 GHz radios, to minimize feeder losses, the use of 5.8 GHz elliptical waveguide is

recommended (typical loss is 1.25 dB/100 ft) for feeder lengths in excess of 200 feet. Depending

on path length and feeder length, 1/2 inch coax cable can be used with 5.8 GHz radios.

For the LYNX.sc radio, 1/2” or 5/8” coaxial cable (LDF4-50 or

LDF4.5-50) is recommended. Coaxial cable 7/8” or larger can

exhibit moding at 5.8 GHz and is not recommended for 5.8 GHz

radios. For waveguide transmission line at 5.8 GHz, EW-52

waveguide is recommended. EW-63 will also work, but may

exhibit more loss.

Do not use right angle N-type connectors with the 5.8 GHz

LYNX.sc radios: they may present high loss at 5.8 GHz. Do not

use a low quality N-type jumper cable with the LYNX.sc. Some

cable types, such as RG-8, may have high loss at 5.8 GHz.

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SECTION 3: INSTALLATION & ADJUSTMENTS PAGE 3-21

3.9 Transmission Line Connection

The transmission line feeder (such as LDF4-50 1/2 inch coax cable or EW-52 elliptical

waveguide) should be prepared first by cutting to the approximate length (allowing some excess)

and installing the appropriate connector on the antenna end.

The prepared transmission line is then pulled through the cable ducts, trays or conduit (as

required) to the antenna, while being careful not to kink or damage the transmission line in any

way.

The transmission line should be supported in a tray on horizontal runs and by hangers on vertical

runs. Hangers should be spaced according to the manufacturer’s instructions (typically every 5

feet under conditions of no ice and not greater than 85 mph winds).

The transmission line should be grounded using the manufacture’s recommended grounding kit.

Grounding kits attach to the outer copper conductor. Grounds must be installed at the antenna, at

the bottom of the tower (if applicable) and where the transmission line enters the building. Long

transmission line runs should be grounded every 100 feet. In areas of high incidence of lightning,

dissipaters should be attached to antennas. In addition, coaxial, in-line, spark-gap type, lightning

suppressors should be added at the bottom of the coax cable before entering the

building/enclosure.

Any in-line lightning protection device must be rated for the

operating frequency of the LYNX.sc (2.4 or 5.8 GHz).

After installation, the transmission line is terminated with an N-type male connector/adapter

attached at the equipment end. For waveguide, this typically requires a CPR-to-N adapter.

Prior to operation, the electrical integrity of the transmission line, including all connectors, can be

checked with a simple DC check between the center conductor and outer conductor. (This is

neither possible, nor required for waveguide).

The transmission line should ideally be connected directly to the antenna at one end and to the

LYNX.sc antenna port at the other end. However, short RG-214 type pigtail jumper cables may be

required to avoid sharp bends in the transmission line to limit stress on either connection.

7/8 inch coax cable or larger is not recommended for use at 5.8

GHz and higher frequencies.

Do not use right angle N-type connectors with the 5.8 GHz

LYNX.sc radios: they may present high loss at 5.8 GHz. Do not

use a low quality N-type jumper cable with the LYNX.sc. Some

cable types, such as RG-8, may have too high a loss at 5.8

GHz.

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PAGE 3-22 SECTION 3: INSTALLATION & ADJUSTMENTS

3.10 Antenna Installation & Alignment

The antenna installation consists of mounting the antenna on the tower, building roof, or other

location that provides line-of-sight path clearance to the far-end location. In general, antennas

smaller than 2 feet diameter are not recommended for urban areas due to their wider

beamwidths, which results in higher interference susceptibility. For 2.4 GHz LYNX.sc radios, a

minimum of 4 foot (1.2m) diameter antennas, or larger, are recommended.

Antennas should be ordered with a suitable mounting kit specific to the site requirements. For

example, specifying round or angle tower leg adapters, or a roof tripod as necessary.

If the antenna is to be mounted indoors, "looking" through a window, it is recommended that the

antenna be placed approximately 12 inches away from the glass and within 10 degrees of a right

angle to the glass. The glass should be lead-free or very low-lead content type and avoid any

metallic glass coatings for best results.

The antenna must be very rigidly mounted, with adequate room for azimuth and elevation

adjustment.

The antenna polarization must be the same at both ends of the link, either vertical or horizontal.

In general, antenna mountings require a support pipe to which upper and lower support brackets

are attached with “U” bolts. The antenna and optional elevation and azimuth adjustment rods are

then mounted onto the support brackets. The whole structure must be adequately grounded for

lightning protection. The antenna system must always be installed according to the manufacturer’s

instructions.

Unless special test equipment is available, two operating LYNX.sc terminals are required to align

the antennas. Alternatively, a CW generator may be used to transmit a signal toward the end

under alignment.

The antenna is coarse aligned using visual sighting and then fine aligned using the receive signal

level (RSL) voltage of the LYNX.sc.

The RSL voltage reading can still be used to peak antennas

even if the radios have not synchronized, however far-end RSL

cannot be measured from the near-end terminal until radios

are synchronized.

To coarse align the antenna, first set it for flat elevation (no up or down tilt) using a spirit level.

Then point it at a heading marker obtained using a compass back-bearing from an adjacent

location, (ideally, 100 feet or more away from the antenna).

Due to the possibility of exposure to RF radiation above the recommended

levels, do not stand within two (2) feet of the antenna for prolonged periods

during system operation. It is the responsibility of the installer to insure that

the antenna is mounted in a place that is not accessible to the public.

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SECTION 3: INSTALLATION & ADJUSTMENTS PAGE 3-23

If a heading marker cannot be set sufficiently far away (for example when on a city building roof or

looking through a window) then a rough azimuth setting can be obtained by sighting along the

antenna feed.

It should be verified that both antennas are on the same

polarization by using the manufacturer’s instructions. Otherwise

the RSL will be approximately 25 to 30 dB below the calculated

level.

Most antennas will also need fine alignment obtained using an operating link because it is very

important to maximize the receive RF signal level at each end of the radio link.

Read Section 3.7 before applying DC power to the LYNX.sc radio.

Once the coarse alignment has been set-up at both ends, then the link can be powered and some

level of reliable communication established. The voltage at the LYNX.sc front panel RSL test point

should be measured with a DVM to determine the relative receive RF signal level.

For the fine alignment, adjusting first the azimuth and then the elevation of the local antenna will

maximize the RSL voltage. Then, the far antenna is aligned in the same way, using the RSL

voltage of its local LYNX.sc radio.

When aligning antennas it may be convenient to run two wires from the RSL and ground test

points to the antenna so that the voltmeter reading is directly visible to the technicians aligning the

antenna. Also, a cellular telephone or two-way radio may be useful for coordinating alignment

activities between both ends of the link. Once the radios are coarse aligned and synchronized, the

built-in orderwire phone service can also be used to coordinate alignment between both ends of

the link.

An orderwire telephone will provide end-to-end voice

communications once radios are synchronized. Synchronization

usually can be accomplished by coarse alignment only. After

synchronization, the orderwire phones can be used to communicate

between radio sites for antenna fine alignment. The phone

interconnect cable can be extended to the antenna when desired.

The larger the antenna size, the more critical alignment becomes: for example, with a 2 foot dish,

the antenna can be moved ±3 degrees off the correct heading before the receive signal level

drops by 3 dB. This compares with a 6-foot dish which may only be moved ±1 degree for the

same degradation.

The graph shown in Figure 3-10 shows the typical variation of RSL voltage as the receive signal

level is increased from threshold to a higher level. There is some variation between LYNX.sc

receivers, but an approximate estimate of the potential RSL value may be made using this figure.

Use the Factory Test Data Sheet shipped with your LYNX.sc terminal to

obtain the best estimate of your RSL.

Above 0 dBm RSL, the receiver may produce errors: however this level is rarely likely to be

exceeded. A link budget calculation should be made to calculate the anticipated RSL as described

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PAGE 3-24 SECTION 3: INSTALLATION & ADJUSTMENTS

in Section 3.3.3. During anomalous propagation conditions, the RSL may fade but will not

increase up more than 10 dB (except in unusual very long paths which may fade up by 15 dB).

Antenna alignment should enable the RSL to be peaked to the

level calculated in the link budget. If the RSL is peaked but is

approximately 20 dB below the calculated level, then it is likely

that the antennas are aligned on a sidelobe of the antenna's

radiated signal. In this case, the antennas should be rotated in a

wide arc until the main lobe is located. (Other possible causes of

low RSL are path obstructions, loss in connectors, adapters and

pigtail jumper cables or different antenna polarization at each end

of the link.)

Figure 3-10: Typical RSL Voltage versus Received Signal Level (RSL)

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SECTION 3: INSTALLATION & ADJUSTMENTS PAGE 3-25

3.11 CEPT-1 (E1) InterfaceConnection

The CEPT-1 interface connection to the LYNX.sc radio is on the rear panel.

Additional external lightning protection devices are recommended

for the CEPT-1 connections if the radio is installed in an area

prone to lightning.

The CEPT-1 connection to the LYNX.sc is at the data interface on the rear of the shelf. Individual

BNC connectors are used to interface the line transmit and receive functions. Seventy-five (75)

ohm co-axial cables with BNC fittings should be used to connect LYNX.sc to external equipment.

If a balanced 120 ohm connection (RJ45) is required, an

optional balun will provide this interface. If you can not locate

these baluns (balanced/unbalanced) devices, please consult

the factory.

The DATA OUT port provides a bipolar signal (positive and negative pulses) referenced to

ground, with the BNC shield connected to ground.

However, the DATA IN port accepts a similar bipolar signal with the BNC shield normally left

OPEN (floating) in order to eliminate any ground loop problems. If desired, the BNC shield on the

DATA IN port may be grounded using the selector switch SW2.

Position Description Setting

1 Grounding Condition Channel 1 0 = Floating

1 = Grounded

2 Grounding Condition Channel 2* 0 = Floating

1 = Grounded

3 Grounding Condition Channel 3* 0 = Floating

1 = Grounded

4 Grounding Condition Channel 4* 0 = Floating

1 = Grounded

* Where applicable

Figure 3-11: CEPT-1 Interface Grounding Switch

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PAGE 3-26 SECTION 3: INSTALLATION & ADJUSTMENTS

3.12 DIP Switch Settings

A quick reference guide to all DIP switches is provided in Appendix B.

DIP switch settings are noted by their position, either up (1), or down (0),

not by on/off as may be printed on the DIP switch assembly.

3.12.1 Channel Selection

The LYNX.sc radio offers several frequencies of operation except for the 2.4 GHz 2xT1 and the

5.8 GHz 4xT1 models (see Section 3.5).There are DIP switch segments (typical numbers 5

through 8 on SW3) which define the frequency channel plan of the LYNX.sc radio (refer to

Appendix B). The DIP switches must be set to match the filter assembly that is mounted on the

radio. For single and double capacity models, positions 5,6 and 7 define the frequency channel

plan of the radio (e.g. A, B, C), the last DIP switch defines the transmit channel of the radio (e.g.

A1 or A2).

Radios are shipped from the factory with their DIP switch segments set to match the installed

filter. In most cases, no modification of these switches is required.` Also, there are labels on the

RF filter illustrating the correct DIP switch settings. One label is right side up and the other is

upside down. Set the DIP switch settings for the label that is right side up. If a new filter is

installed, or the existing filter is rotated for opposite channel configuration (e.g. A1 to A2), reset

the DIP switches to match the right side up label on the filter. Refer to Section 4.2 for more

information.

The radio channel selection is user adjustable by removing and replacing, or reversing the filter

assembly. This allows units of the same radio model to be used as spares for several channels.

For example, if a network of LYNX.sc radios has several radios using all three E1 channel plans

at 5.8 GHz, a single spare unit of any channel plan can be used to spare all the radios. If a radio

failure were to occur in the network, the filter assembly of the failed unit would be removed and

replace the filter assembly in the spare radio. The DIP switch segments on the spare may need to

change to match the installed filter and the spare radio could be put into service.

The DIP switch setting must match the filter assembly mounted on the

radio. Also, both radios of a link must have opposite channel plans (e.g.

A1 and A2).

Consult Section 4.2 of this manual for more information on changing RF

channels. Consult Appendix B for proper frequency channel switch

settings.

Other NON-standard frequency plans may be offered in the future. In

these cases, follow the DIP switch setting on the filter label.

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SECTION 3: INSTALLATION & ADJUSTMENTS PAGE 3-27

3.12.2 Loopback Test Signal Selection

The LYNX.sc radio allows loopback operation using an internally generated test signal or using an

externally generated test signal. A single DIP switch segment on SW1 as shown in Figure 3-12,

allows the operator to select the use of either the internal or an external test signal. The factory

setting for loopback mode is internal.

Figure 3-12: Loopback Mode Selection

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PAGE 3-28 SECTION 3: INSTALLATION & ADJUSTMENTS

3.12.3 Spreading Code Selection

The spreading code is the pseudo-random chip sequence that is mixed with the data to produce

the spread spectrum signal. The spreading code is generated by the LYNX.sc radio internally.

Different codes can be selected using the DIP switches on the LYNX.sc radio rear panel.

The spreading code must be the same for both ends of a radio

link.

Spreading codes are all set in the factory to code 1. Should the code need to be changed, then

both ends of the link must be changed.

Changing the spreading code is an out-of-service adjustment. There are two DIP switch segments

on SW3 located on the rear panel which select the spreading codes. See Figure 3-13 for DIP

switch segment settings.

Figure 3-13: Spreading Code Selection

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SECTION 3: INSTALLATION & ADJUSTMENTS PAGE 3-29

3.12.4 Input Alarm (Data Loss) Enable/Disable

The LYNX.sc radio provides a capability to enable or disable input alarms (Data Loss). On the

front panel and over the alarm and diagnostic interfaces, an alarm condition is normally generated

if there is no input data signal (E1) to the radio. For example, in the case of the double E1

capacity model, the radio may have been installed in a location only requiring one E1 signal for

traffic while the second E1 channel has been left idle (for future planned expansion). In this case,

it may be desirable to disable the input alarm to the second channel so that local and remote

alarms are not regularly generated by the (known) lack of this data input. When the network is

later expanded to include traffic on the second E1, this switch can be set to enable the input data

alarm condition. See Figure 3-14 for DIP switch segment settings for the 4xE1 model. Refer to

appendix B for all models.

When a DATA LOSS alarm condition occurs, the LYNX.sc

radio will inject AIS into the incoming data stream, even if the

input alarm has been disabled.

1xE1 and 2xE1 Models:

On SW1, switch segment(s) 1 (and 2) apply to channels 1 and 2 respectively.

4xE1 Model:

On SW3, switch segment 3 applies to Channel 3 input while switch segment 4 applies to Channel

4 input.

Figure 3-14: Input Alarm Disable Switch

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PAGE 3-30 SECTION 3: INSTALLATION & ADJUSTMENTS

3.12.5 AIS Enable/Disable

AIS (Alarm Indication Signal) is the blue code (all 1’s) that keeps the digital line interface active

under data loss conditions. AIS is required by certain equipment to maintain synchronization (for

example, it is required on all leased line circuits). However, it is not required by all equipment (for

example, a CSU/DSU will initiate its own blue code to the line under data loss conditions).

Under test conditions, when measuring receive threshold, for example, it may be necessary, to

disable AIS to facilitate BER measurement.

There is a user selectable DIP switch segment on the rear panel of the LYNX.sc radio that

includes selection of the AIS function (on/off) at the receiver line output. When the AIS is selected

(on), the CEPT-1 signal will send blue code to the line when the received BER exceeds 1 x 10-3.

This function is similar to a data “mute” function. When the AIS is disabled (off), no insertion of

data will take place unless an RX SYNC alarm condition occurs. Refer to Figure 3-15 for DIP

switch segment information.

The standard factory setting is to have the demodulator AIS alarm selected ON because it

prevents a severely errored signal (possibly unsynchronized) from being sent out to the line.

It is recommended that AIS be selected ON for normal operation.

It is recommended that AIS be selected OFF for measuring BER

at threshold.

This DIP switch does not affect AIS injection into the

transmitted data stream upon a DATA LOSS condition.

Figure 3-15: AIS Switch

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SECTION 3: INSTALLATION & ADJUSTMENTS PAGE 3-31

3.13 System Turn-up to Service

1. Prior to installing the system, it may be desirable to perform a back-to-back test of the

LYNX.sc radio pair. Consult Section 4.9 for further details. Back-to-back testing is a simple

way to verify that the LYNX.sc radios are fully operational before they are installed.

Installation adds several variables (such as antenna alignment) which can lead to system

turn-up delays. Also, during back-to-back testing, the DIP switch settings and some

connections can be tested. This step can eliminate a majority of troubleshooting once the

radios are installed.

A cellular phone or two-way radio system (walkie talkie, CB,

mobile radio) can be very useful during installation. These

can be used for temporary near-end and far-end

communications between the installation personnel at one

site and installation personnel at the other site while

installing the system. These can also be helpful for

communication between a person at the top of a very tall

tower and ground personnel.

The LYNX.sc radio incorporates an internal Orderwire feature

that provides end-to-end “telephone” style communications.

However, the link must be partially operational to use this

feature. In lieu of, or in addition to the use of cellular phones

or two-way radio, this Orderwire feature can also be very

useful for installation, but typically cannot be put into service

until step 8 or 9 of this procedure is completed. See Section

3.14.1 for more details.

2. Perform a general alignment of the antennas on both ends of the path using binoculars,

compass or other related tools. It is important to have the antennas aligned as accurately

as possible before putting radio traffic over the link. This will help in getting the system

running more rapidly. See Section 3.10 for more details.

3. Connect the transmission line to the antenna, and feed it to the LYNX.sc radio location

(see Section 3.9). Connect the opposite end of the transmission line to the N-type female

connector located on the filter assembly which occupies the top half of the LYNX.sc rear

panel. The connection must be terminated into an antenna or a load before DC power is

applied to the radio.

4. Verify that DIP switch settings for frequency channel selection match that of the filter that

is installed on the rear of the radio. Consult 3.12.1 for further details. The far-end radio

must have the same channel plan (e.g. A, B, C) as the near-end radio, and the opposite

Tx and Rx frequencies (e.g. A1 and A2 make up a matched pair of radios).

5. Verify that the DIP switch settings for spreading code are the same for both ends of the

radio link (see Section 3.12.3).

6. With the DC power source active, but not plugged into the LYNX.sc radio, using a

voltmeter, confirm that the DC mating connector has the proper power connections in

accordance with Section 3.7. Verify the polarity and the absolute voltage on all pins. Verify

ground connection for power.

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PAGE 3-32 SECTION 3: INSTALLATION & ADJUSTMENTS

7. Connect power to the LYNX.sc radio. Verify that the Front Panel “ON” LED indication is

illuminated. This confirms that power has been properly applied.

Ensure that the RF Antenna port connection is properly

terminated before applying power to the LYNX.sc terminal, as

in step 3.

When the LYNX.sc radio is initially powered-on, some alarm

conditions may be present. This is normal and alarms can be

ignored at this time.

8. Place a voltmeter across the GND and PWR front panel test points. See Figure 3-16 and

3-17 for voltage setting information and Table 3-C for typical output power levels for given

cable lengths where EIRP limits apply. If necessary, use a small screwdriver at the front

panel receptacle to adjust the output power of the local transmitter in accordance with the

path analysis calculations. The recessed potentiometer is rotated clockwise to increase

transmit output power and counter clockwise to decrease transmit output power. After

verifying correct setting of the transmit output power, disconnect the voltmeter. Place the

cover cap found in the installation accessory kit over the front panel receptacle.

The LYNX.sc radio requires professional installation. With some

LYNX.sc models, in certain countries, there may be Effective

Isotropic Radiated Power (EIRP) limits which dictate the

maximum output power that the LYNX.sc radio can transmit

given the transmission line loss and the gain of the antenna.

Consult with appropriate government agencies or Glenayre

Western Multiplex if there is any question regarding maximum

output power allowed.

In the USA, 5.8 GHz models may be operated at full power. 2.4

GHz models may require a power reduction of 1 dB from +30

dBm input power, as measured at the antenna feed, for every 3

dB that the antenna gain exceeds +6 dB. See Section 3.3.3 and

Tables 3-C or 3-D for more details.

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SECTION 3: INSTALLATION & ADJUSTMENTS PAGE 3-33

Figure 3-16: Typical RF Output Power versus PWR Voltage, 2.4 GHz Models

Use the LYNX.sc Factory Test Data sheet to determine more

precisely the voltage corresponding to the RF output power.

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Figure 3-17: Typical RF Output Power versus PWR Voltage, 5.8 GHz Models

Use the LYNX.sc Factory Test Data sheet to determine more

precisely the voltage corresponding to the RF output power.

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For precision measurement of transmit output power, it is best

to connect an RF power meter to the antenna port. The PWR

port voltage may not provide enough precision. This is

especially important where EIRP limits apply to the installation.

In cases of no EIRP limits, the radio transmitter output power

can be adjusted to maximum for installation, except for very

short paths using very high gain antennas, where excessive

power may not be advised.

Don’t forget that the RF output port should be terminated at all

times when power is applied to the LYNX.sc radio. Therefore,

disconnect power to the radio before connecting a power meter

and reapply power once connected. Often, an RF power meter

may have a limit to the input power that it can measure without

damage. It is advised to place a calibrated fixed value RF

attenuator (typically 20 dB or more) between the LYNX.sc radio

and the power meter to assure proper operation and safety for

the RF power meter. The value of this fixed attenuation can then

be added to the value of the RF power meter reading to obtain

the actual LYNX.sc radio transmitter output power.

9. Connect a voltmeter across the GND and RSL front panel test points. This

voltage reading corresponds to the Received Signal Level (RSL) of the near-end radio. In

other words, RSL is the “amount” of signal the near-end radio is receiving from the far-

end radio. Since the antennas have not been finely aligned, it is not expected at this time

that the RSL will read very high. However, at this point it can be verified that some

communication is taking place between the two LYNX.sc terminals. Use the RSL voltage

reading to align the antennas. Align one antenna at a time in accordance with Section

3.10. Complete alignment of both ends of the radio link before going further.

The RSL voltage output on the radio's front panel will output a

voltage range over the full receiving capability of the radio

(approximately 10 VDC at 0 dBm to 0.0 VDC at threshold).

The LYNX.sc radio has a unique feature of allowing measurement of the far-end RSL from the

near-end radio. This is only possible if the LYNX.sc radios are communicating (the RSL is above

threshold). The far-end RSL can be used to verify that adjustments to local antenna alignment are

corresponding to the far-end radio reception. Far-end RSL is measured by pressing and holding

the DISPLAY FAR END front panel button. While this button is held, the RSL voltage indicates the

RSL of the far-end radio. RSL of both ends should be verified to be within approximately 2 dB of

predicted value (see Section 3.3.3). There are several factors that can contribute to low RSL:

- Incorrect antenna alignment (aligned on a lobe and not on the main signal)

- Improper polarization alignment of antennas (horizontal vs. vertical)

- Transmission line problems (loose connections, bent or damaged cables, lossy

adapters)

- Path obstructions (trees, buildings, hills, etc.)

- Path clearance (line-of-sight, earth curvature, Fresnel zone, diffraction and partial

obstruction)

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PAGE 3-36 SECTION 3: INSTALLATION & ADJUSTMENTS

- Weather (inversion layers, ducting and multipath)

- Antenna feed (coaxial/connector) problem

The LYNX.sc radio requires professional installation. Don’t

forget that the transmitter output power adjustment on the

LYNX.sc radio effects the RSL. Depending on EIRP limits (if

any), path distance, and antenna gain, you may need to

adjust the output transmit power to the proper level before

putting the radios in service.

If radio synchronization has been established, the radio link

may be able to provide some limited communications over the

link. It can be helpful to establish voice communications from

one end of the radio link to the other using the Orderwire

feature of the LYNX.sc radio. See Section 3.14.1 for details.

If RSL is lower than anticipated, recheck the path clearance and transmission line as these are

the typical causes of low RSL. Radio operations can be verified by connecting radios back-to-back

with attenuators (40-60 dB), (see Section 4.9). If the problem remains, consult Section 4 of this

manual for troubleshooting techniques which will help determine the source of the problem.

10. Once RSL is verified to be near the predicted value, the radio link is ready for data. You

may verify error-free operation by using the loopback function, as described in Section

3.13.2 or BER testing, as described in Section 4.10. If the link is not error-free, see

Section 4.7 for troubleshooting guidelines.

11. Once radio performance is verified and acceptable, with loopback mode turned off (press

the ENABLE button, the LED will turn off), the LYNX.sc radios can now be put into service

with the intended E1 traffic. Connect the E1 signal to the CEPT-1 Interface BNC

connector. Refer to Section 3.11 for configurations of these connections. With E1 traffic

applied in both directions, all front panel LEDs, except for POWER and any unused E1

ports, will be off. If LEDs are lit, consult Section 4 of this manual.

12. Now that the link is operational, other services can be connected including Orderwire,

Diagnostics, Alarms and Aux Data (Service Channel). Consult Section 3.14 for details on

these connections.

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SECTION 3: INSTALLATION & ADJUSTMENTS PAGE 3-37

TRANSMITTER POWER (dBm) . .

Feeder Feeder 2.4 GHz, 1/2" Coax 2.4 GHz, 7/8" Coax 5.8 GHz, 1/2" Coax 5.8 GHz, EW52 Waveguide

Length Length 4' Dish 6' Dish 8' Dish 4' Dish 6' Dish 8' Dish 2' Dish 4' Dish 6' Dish 8' Dish 2' Dish 4' Dish 6' Dish 8' Dish

Meters Feet

3.0 10 9.4 4.9 3.4 9.2 4.7 3.2 7.7 1.7 -1.3 -4.3 7.1 1.1 -1.9 -4.9

6.1 20 9.8 5.3 3.8 9.4 4.9 3.4 8.3 2.3 -0.7 -3.7 7.3 1.3 -1.7 -4.7

9.1 30 10.1 5.6 4.1 9.7 5.2 3.7 9.0 3.0 0.0 -3.0 7.4 1.4 -1.6 -4.6

12.2 40 10.5 6.0 4.5 9.9 5.4 3.9 9.6 3.6 0.6 -2.4 7.5 1.5 -1.5 -4.5

15.2 50 10.9 6.4 4.9 10.1 5.6 4.1 10.3 4.3 1.3 -1.7 7.7 1.7 -1.3 -4.3

18.3 60 11.3 6.8 5.3 10.3 5.8 4.3 11.0 5.0 2.0 -1.0 7.8 1.8 -1.2 -4.2

21.3 70 11.7 7.2 5.7 10.5 6.0 4.5 11.6 5.6 2.6 -0.4 7.9 1.9 -1.1 -4.1

24.4 80 12.0 7.5 6.0 10.8 6.3 4.8 12.3 6.3 3.3 0.3 8.0 2.0 -1.0 -4.0

27.4 90 12.4 7.9 6.4 11.0 6.5 5.0 12.9 6.9 3.9 0.9 8.2 2.2 -0.8 -3.8

30.5 100 12.8 8.3 6.8 11.2 6.7 5.2 13.6 7.6 4.6 1.6 8.3 2.3 -0.7 -3.7

33.5 110 13.2 8.7 7.2 11.4 6.9 5.4 14.3 8.3 5.3 2.3 8.4 2.4 -0.6 -3.6

36.6 120 13.6 9.1 7.6 11.6 7.1 5.6 14.9 8.9 5.9 2.9 8.6 2.6 -0.4 -3.4

39.6 130 13.9 9.4 7.9 11.9 7.4 5.9 15.6 9.6 6.6 3.6 8.7 2.7 -0.3 -3.3

42.7 140 14.3 9.8 8.3 12.1 7.6 6.1 16.2 10.2 7.2 4.2 8.8 2.8 -0.2 -3.2

45.7 150 14.7 10.2 8.7 12.3 7.8 6.3 16.9 10.9 7.9 4.9 9.0 3.0 0.0 -3.0

48.8 160 15.1 10.6 9.1 12.5 8.0 6.5 17.6 11.6 8.6 5.6 9.1 3.1 0.1 -2.9

51.8 170 15.5 11.0 9.5 12.7 8.2 6.7 18.2 12.2 9.2 6.2 9.2 3.2 0.2 -2.8

54.9 180 15.8 11.3 9.8 13.0 8.5 7.0 18.9 12.9 9.9 6.9 9.3 3.3 0.3 -2.7

57.9 190 16.2 11.7 10.2 13.2 8.7 7.2 19.5 13.5 10.5 7.5 9.5 3.5 0.5 -2.5

61.0 200 16.6 12.1 10.6 13.4 8.9 7.4 20.2 14.2 11.2 8.2 9.6 3.6 0.6 -2.4

64.0 210 17.0 12.5 11.0 13.6 9.1 7.6 20.9 14.9 11.9 8.9 9.7 3.7 0.7 -2.3

67.1 220 17.4 12.9 11.4 13.8 9.3 7.8 21.5 15.5 12.5 9.5 9.9 3.9 0.9 -2.1

70.1 230 17.7 13.2 11.7 14.1 9.6 8.1 22.2 16.2 13.2 10.2 10.0 4.0 1.0 -2.0

73.2 240 18.1 13.6 12.1 14.3 9.8 8.3 22.8 16.8 13.8 10.8 10.1 4.1 1.1 -1.9

76.2 250 18.5 14.0 12.5 14.5 10.0 8.5 MAX 17.5 14.5 11.5 10.3 4.3 1.3 -1.7

79.2 260 18.9 14.4 12.9 14.7 10.2 8.7 MAX 18.2 15.2 12.2 10.4 4.4 1.4 -1.6

82.3 270 19.3 14.8 13.3 14.9 10.4 8.9 MAX 18.8 15.8 12.8 10.5 4.5 1.5 -1.5

85.3 280 19.6 15.1 13.6 15.2 10.7 9.2 MAX 19.5 16.5 13.5 10.6 4.6 1.6 -1.4

88.4 290 20.0 15.5 14.0 15.4 10.9 9.4 MAX 20.1 17.1 14.1 10.8 4.8 1.8 -1.2

91.4 300 20.4 15.9 14.4 15.6 11.1 9.6 MAX 20.8 17.8 14.8 10.9 4.9 1.9 -1.1

94.5 310 20.8 16.3 14.8 15.8 11.3 9.8 MAX 21.5 18.5 15.5 11.0 5.0 2.0 -1.0

97.5 320 21.2 16.7 15.2 16.0 11.5 10.0 MAX 22.1 19.1 16.1 11.2 5.2 2.2 -0.8

100.6 330 21.5 17.0 15.5 16.3 11.8 10.3 MAX 22.8 19.8 16.8 11.3 5.3 2.3 -0.7

103.6 340 21.9 17.4 15.9 16.5 12.0 10.5 MAX MAX 20.4 17.4 11.4 5.4 2.4 -0.6

106.7 350 22.3 17.8 16.3 16.7 12.2 10.7 MAX MAX 21.1 18.1 11.6 5.6 2.6 -0.4

109.7 360 22.7 18.2 16.7 16.9 12.4 10.9 MAX MAX 21.8 18.8 11.7 5.7 2.7 -0.3

112.8 370 23.1 18.6 17.1 17.1 12.6 11.1 MAX MAX 22.4 19.4 11.8 5.8 2.8 -0.2

115.8 380 23.4 18.9 17.4 17.4 12.9 11.4 MAX MAX MAX 20.1 11.9 5.9 2.9 -0.1

118.9 390 23.8 19.3 17.8 17.6 13.1 11.6 MAX MAX MAX 20.7 12.1 6.1 3.1 0.1

121.9 400 24.2 19.7 18.2 17.8 13.3 11.8 MAX MAX MAX 21.4 12.2 6.2 3.2 0.2

Table 3-C: Transmitter Output Power Adjustment, +6 dBW EIRP Installations

(Such as Canada)

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PAGE 3-38 SECTION 3: INSTALLATION & ADJUSTMENTS

Feeder Feeder TRANSMITTER POWER (dBm)

Length Length 2.4 GHz, 1/2" Coax 2.4 GHz, 7/8" Coax

Meters Feet 4' Dish 6' Dish 8' Dish 4' Dish 6' Dish 8' Dish

3.0 10 23.4 22.0 21.2 23.2 21.9 21.1

6.1 20 23.8 22.4 21.6 23.5 22.1 21.3

9.1 30 24.1 22.8 22.0 23.7 22.4 21.5

12.2 40 24.5 23.2 22.4 23.9 22.6 21.8

15.2 50 24.9 23.6 22.7 24.2 22.8 22.0

18.3 60 25.3 23.9 23.1 24.4 23.0 22.2

21.3 70 25.7 24.3 23.5 24.6 23.3 22.4

24.4 80 26.0 24.7 23.9 24.8 23.5 22.7

27.4 90 26.4 25.1 24.3 25.1 23.7 22.9

30.5 100 26.8 25.5 24.6 25.3 24.0 23.1

33.5 110 27.2 25.8 25.0 25.5 24.2 23.4

36.6 120 27.6 26.2 25.4 25.8 24.4 23.6

39.6 130 27.9 26.6 25.8 26.0 24.7 23.8

42.7 140 28.3 27.0 26.2 26.2 24.9 24.1

45.7 150 28.7 27.4 26.5 26.5 25.1 24.3

48.8 160 29.1 27.7 26.9 26.7 25.3 24.5

51.8 170 29.5 28.1 27.3 26.9 25.6 24.7

54.9 180 29.8 28.5 27.7 27.1 25.8 25.0

57.9 190 MAX 28.9 28.1 27.4 26.0 25.2

61.0 200 MAX 29.3 28.4 27.6 26.3 25.4

64.0 210 MAX 29.6 28.8 27.8 26.5 25.7

67.1 220 MAX MAX 29.2 28.1 26.7 25.9

70.1 230 MAX MAX 29.6 28.3 27.0 26.1

73.2 240 MAX MAX MAX 28.5 27.2 26.4

76.2 250 MAX MAX MAX 28.8 27.4 26.6

79.2 260 MAX MAX MAX 29.0 27.6 26.8

82.3 270 MAX MAX MAX 29.2 27.9 27.0

85.3 280 MAX MAX MAX 29.4 28.1 27.3

88.4 290 MAX MAX MAX 29.7 28.3 27.5

91.4 300 MAX MAX MAX 29.9 28.6 27.7

94.5 310 MAX MAX MAX MAX 28.8 28.0

97.5 320 MAX MAX MAX MAX 29.0 28.2

100.6 330 MAX MAX MAX MAX 29.3 28.4

103.6 340 MAX MAX MAX MAX 29.5 28.7

106.7 350 MAX MAX MAX MAX 29.7 28.9

109.7 360 MAX MAX MAX MAX 29.9 29.1

112.8 370 MAX MAX MAX MAX MAX 29.3

115.8 380 MAX MAX MAX MAX MAX 29.6

118.9 390 MAX MAX MAX MAX MAX 29.8

121.9 400 MAX MAX MAX MAX MAX 30.0

Table 3-D: Transmitter Output Power Adjustment for 2.4 GHz, USA Installations

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SECTION 3: INSTALLATION & ADJUSTMENTS PAGE 3-39

3.13.1 Output Power Adjustment

The LYNX.sc radio requires professional installation. In certain cases, it is necessary to adjust the

output power from the factory setting, for example:

❖to meet EIRP (effective isotropic radiated power) limits, such as +6 dBW in Canada.

❖to meet transmitter output limits in the 2.4 GHz band for USA installations.

❖to avoid exceeding the maximum far-end RSL of 0 dBm.

❖to coordinate a hub or repeater location.

To ensure maximum protection of the radio circuits, always

ensure the antenna connector is terminated when power is

applied.

For precise measurement of transmitter power, a calibrated RF power meter (such as the HP

435B with Power Sensor HP8481) is recommended. This power sensor can be connected directly

to the output of the radio without exceeding the power rating. With some power meters, it may be

necessary to place a calibrated in-line fixed attenuator between the radio antenna port and the

power meter so as to not exceed the power meter’s maximum input level. Thruline power meters

do not operate at LYNX.sc RF frequencies.

If adjusting the output power to meet an EIRP limit, it will be first necessary to calculate the overall

system gains and losses, including feeder losses for the type of transmission line installed and the

antenna gain. Also refer to Table 3-C or 3-D for transmitter output power settings where installed

with various transmission line lengths and antenna sizes. You may determine the radio transmit

power for EIRP limited installations by the following equation:

Tx Power (dBm) = EIRP Limit(dBm) + Feeder Loss(dB) - Antenna Gain(dB)

In the USA, 2.4 GHz models have an output limit which is determined by:

Tx Power (dBm) = 30 - [(Antenna Gain - 6)/ 3] + Feeder Loss

Output power may be adjusted using a small screwdriver and rotating the potentiometer which is

recessed behind the front panel. Clockwise rotation increases output power while counter-

clockwise rotation decreases output power.

In lieu of a calibrated RF power meter, the PWR test port voltage can be used to estimate the

output power. Figures 3-16 & 3-17 illustrate the voltage reading for various output power levels.

The factory test data sheet should be used to establish a more precise setting of this adjustment.

After setting the correct output power, place the cover cap

found in the installation accessory kit over the front panel

receptacle.

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PAGE 3-40 SECTION 3: INSTALLATION & ADJUSTMENTS

3.13.2 Loopback/BER Testing

When a pair of LYNX.sc radios are installed and communicating with each other, a loopback or

BER test can be performed to evaluate the link performance.

The LYNX.sc uses an internal test signal for loopback. Alternatively, an external test signal can be

injected, as described in Section 3.12.4. Any E1 test pattern may be used to make measurements

at one end of the link, provided the test sequence contains adequate 1’s density, which is no more

than 15 consecutive zeros.

A 215-1, QRSS or 3 in 24 test may be used. However a 223-1

test will violate the 1’s density requirement.

To loop around the far-end radio, press ENABLE and hold for approximately 3 seconds. then

release the Loopback ENABLE button on the front panel of the near-end radio. The ENABLE LED

should now be blinking.

If the ENABLE loopback button LED is illuminated and not

blinking, this means the far-end radio has initiated loopback

(either manually or through the DIAGNOSTICS port).

When loopback is enabled using the internal test signal, the ERROR LED should not illuminate if

the path is operating error-free. If the ERROR LED illuminates, this means that at least one bit

error has occurred.

The DATA LOSS LED will illuminate if the external test signal mode has been selected (see

Section 3.12.4) and there is no external test signal present at any of the CEPT-1 ports. When

using external test mode and an external test signal, the ERROR LED function does not apply. In

external test mode the ERROR LED will not illuminate, even when errors are present.

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An external BER test set is required for statistical BER analysis. Disconnect all external CEPT-1

signals and connect the BER test set to the input and output BNC connectors. Select external test

mode (see Section 3.12.2) and initiate loopback using the ENABLE loopback button. Now the

BER test can be initiated. Section 4.10 describes BER testing in more detail.

Loopback may be turned off at either end of the link by simply

pressing the ENABLE button at either end.

If two BER test sets are used to measure the link performance

(one at each end) separately in each direction, frame slips will

occur unless the BER test sets are synchronized with one test

set as the master and the other as the slave.

For multiple capacity radio models, repeat all operations for the

other channels if desired.

For multiple capacity radio models, only one loopback channel

may be used at any one time. Loopback cannot be performed

on more than one channel.

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PAGE 3-42 SECTION 3: INSTALLATION & ADJUSTMENTS

3.13.3 Error LED Mode Selection

The ERROR LED illuminates if any errors are present in the data stream during loopback. This

LED is only functional when using the internal test signal.

The default mode for this LED is “latched.” That is, when a single error occurs, the LED

illuminates and stays lit until loopback is turned off. This mode is especially useful for long term

(overnight) testing, or any time that an operator is not watching the radio during loopback testing.

There is an optional mode for this LED which is “unlatched.” This allows the user to “view” the

error rate. In this mode, the LED will flash on each time a single or multiple error occurs. The LED

turns off if no further errors occur. This mode can be useful if a BER test set is not available and

the user wishes to determine the nature of any error conditions (bursting, dribbling, occasional).

In “unlatched” mode, when any errors occur, the ERROR LED will illuminate for a minimum of one

second. If errors continue within this one second interval, the LED will remain on until there are no

errors for 1 second.

The two modes for this LED are selected by a rear panel DIP switch, as shown in Figure 3-18.

Figure 3-18: Error LED Mode Selection

In the LED unlatch mode, after 100 errors the ERROR LED

will remain lit to indicate excessive errors.

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SECTION 3: INSTALLATION & ADJUSTMENTS PAGE 3-43

3.14 Additional Connections

There are additional customer connections which are optional and are not required to make the

LYNX.sc operational but may prove useful.

3.14.1 Orderwire Connection and Address Selection

Orderwire is a “telephone” type wayside service which allows users of the LYNX.sc radio to

establish voice communications from one radio to another, either directly to the companion far-

end, or through a repeater configuration, or several repeater configurations.

Telephone connection specifications:

REN (Ringer Equivalency Number) 1.0 B

Ringing Voltage 48 VDC, typical

(Ringing voltage is adequate for modern solid state ringers,

NOT for the older mechanical type ringers)

This Orderwire service does not affect the normal radio transmission of E1 traffic. Refer to Section

2.3.5 for the telephone specifications. For simple near-end to far-end communications, follow the

steps below:

1. Using a small screwdriver, set the address of both terminals by rotating the address rotary

selection switches on the rear panel of the LYNX.sc radio. The address is a two digit number

(from 01 to 99). Each LYNX.sc terminal in the network should have a unique address. This

address acts like a “phone number” for other users to call a particular terminal. Each LYNX.sc

terminal should have a unique address.

Radio pairs (links) are shipped from the factory with addresses set to

01 or 02. Therefore, if only one pair is being used, address selection

may not be necessary. Also, in a connected spur network, it may be

desirable to maintain orderwire telephone addresses between 01 and

08 because the address doubles as the NMS/TBOS net address

which is limited to the addresses 01 through 08 (see Section 3.14.3 for

more information).

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Figure 3-19: RJ-11 Orderwire Telephone Connection

2. Using a standard RJ-11 telephone cable, connect a standard electronic telephone (a

touch tone phone, complete with dialer; a handset by itself will not work) to the Orderwire

connector on the LYNX.sc front panel. This connector is wired identically to a standard

two-wire telephone jack, see Figure 3-19 for details.

3. With a telephone connected to each LYNX.sc terminal on opposite ends of the link, either

telephone can be used to “dial-up” the far-end location. Simply pick up the handset of the

near-end telephone and dial the two-digit address of the far-end LYNX.sc terminal. The

far-end terminal’s internal ringer and the connected telephone will ring, and if answered,

two-way full-duplex voice communication is established.

If using the Orderwire or Network management functions, all

LYNX.sc radios connected must have unique address settings

(telephone numbers).

The orderwire address is set by two rotary switches on the rear

panel of the LYNX.sc radio. Use as small screwdriver to select

the orderwire address (01 through 99).

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4. If the LYNX.sc radios are connected in a repeater configuration, Orderwire services can be

established to all LYNX.sc terminals in the network by implementing a connection of their

rear-panel connectors between repeater terminals. At the repeater site, a cable can be

connected to the two LYNX.sc terminals between their rear panel VF 25-pin connectors as

shown in Figure 3-20. With this cable in place, the Orderwire function will operate at terminals

at each end of the repeater and at the repeater site. This function can be continued through

several repeater sites if desired. For hub connections of 3 or more LYNX.sc radios at the

same site, an external 4-wire bridge is required to connect all radios to the orderwire.

The orderwire system can be integrated with orderwire

equipment supported by many other vendors. If your existing

orderwire network uses 2 digit addressing, and 0 dBm VF

interface, it can be connected to a LYNX.sc as shown in Figure

3-20.

Dialing a

✶

(star key) on the orderwire telephone implements an “all call”

feature which rings all connected radios. Also, if a phone anywhere in the

connected network has accidentally been left off-hook, the # (pound key)

key can be used to mute all off-hook handsets until they are placed on

and off hook again.

The orderwire operates like a “party line”. All telephones provide

communication to all other telephones in the connected network. Even if

a particular telephone does not ring, it can still be used to talk and listen

to any ongoing orderwire activity if the orderwire is in use at other

terminal locations.

Figure 3-20: VF Port Connection

VF Connector OrderWire

Connection

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PAGE 3-46 SECTION 3: INSTALLATION & ADJUSTMENTS

3.14.2 Alarm Connections

External alarm outputs are provided at the 25-pin, D-type subminiature ALARM connector. There

are two Form C summary alarm relays capable of switching 30 VDC at 1 A. Also, individual alarm

logic outputs capable of sourcing and sinking 1mA are provided. These individual alarms interface

to a single standard TTL load. When the unit is IN ALARM = “0”, the TTL output is 0 V to ±0.5 V.

When the unit is NO ALARM = “1”, the TTL output is +3.5 V to +5.5 V. See Table 3-E and Figure

3-21 for Alarm Connections.

The “summary” alarm (Form C relay) is activated by any near-end front panel LED alarm

condition, including if the loopback mode is enabled.

The “out-of-service summary” alarm (Form C relay) is activated by any of the following alarm

conditions:

❖RX SYNC

❖Radio Fail

❖Loopback Enabled

Figure 3-21: Pin Connections, ALARM Interface

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PIN 2 DATA LOSS (1 or 1&2) - in alarm if no

incoming data is received into the transmitter

for channel 1 (for the 4xE1 model, includes

channel 2). Data Loss is activated when the

input signal drops below 0.97 volts for 175 bit

intervals and is deactivated as soon as the

input signal level rises above 0.97 volts.

Radio transmits AIS to the far-end if in alarm.

This alarm may be disabled by DIP switch

selection (see Section 3.12.4).

PIN 16 NC, SUMMARY ALARM, FORM C - normally

closed connection on summary alarm relay.

PIN 4 DATA LOSS (2 or 3&4) – use essentially the

same description as Data Loss (1 or 1&2), for

channel 2 (for the 4xE1 model, channels

3&4).

PIN 17 NO, OUT OF SERVICE SUMMARY ALARM,

FORM C - normally open connection on out-

of-service summary alarm relay. Closed when

in alarm.

PIN 6 BER - in alarm when the received signal is

degraded to an error rate above radio

threshold (approximately 1 x 10-6)

PIN 18 C, OUT OF SERVICE SUMMARY ALARM,

FORM C - common connection for the out-of-

service summary alarm relay.

PIN 8 AIS OUT - in alarm when the BER exceeds 1

x 10-3 for the received signal, or when there is

an RX SYNC alarm condition. Near-end radio

CEPT-1 line output has AIS when in alarm.

This alarm may be disabled as described in

Section 3.12.5.

PIN 19 NC, OUT OF SERVICE SUMMARY ALARM,

FORM C - normally closed connection on out-

of-service summary alarm relay. Open when

in alarm.

PIN 10 FAN - in alarm when one or both of the

internal fans are not operative. PIN 21 NOT USED

PIN 12 FAR-END - in alarm when the far-end radio

has an alarm condition. PIN 22 NOT USED

PIN 14 NO, SUMMARY ALARM, FORM C - normally

open connection on summary alarm relay.

Closed when in alarm.

PIN 24 TX PWR MON - voltage equal to the TX PWR

front panel voltage.

PIN 15 C, SUMMARY ALARM, FORM C - common

connection on the summary alarm relay. PIN 25 RSL MON - voltage equal to the RSL front

panel voltage. Equals far-end RSL if

DISPLAY FAR END button is pressed and

held.

PINS 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 20, & 23 GROUND, CHASSIS CONNECTION

Table 3-E: Alarm Interface Connections

All alarms are active for a minimum of one second, or as long

as the alarm condition persists, which ever is longer.

TTL signals are “in alarm” when there is a TTL zero condition

(0 V to ± 0.5 V).

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3.14.3 Diagnostics Port Operation

The Diagnostics Port is used to retrieve diagnostic or network management information about the

LYNX.sc radios by means of a computer connection. This can be accomplished locally or

remotely. Remote diagnostic port connections require either a modem (not included) connection

be made to the serial port, when a local dial-up phone line is available at a radio site, or by means

of direct connection through the AUX DATA port (Service Channel). The use of the AUX DATA

channel can provide a “network management” port where serial interface data is available from all

LYNX.sc radios in a network, provided that they are configured properly for this type of operation.

(This section and Section 3.14.4 describe this further).

The diagnostics port allows connection of either EIA standard RS-232 or RS-422 devices to poll

and receive status of the LYNX.sc radio. This serial port provides similar information to that which

is normally available to a local operator by means of visual alarms and status (front panel LEDs,

ADDRESS, DIP switch settings etc.), including voltage level measurements (such as RSL, PWR)

and alarm port (see Section 3.14.2) status. The diagnostics port can also provide extended

information including some advanced diagnostics and configuration information. Any information

that is available on the far-end terminal is also available at the near-end Diagnostics port (such as

far-end RSL, far-end alarms) by means of bridging the AUX DATA port (as described in Section

3.14.4). A DIP switch is used to define the command protocol for this port as shown in Figure 3-

22. The default setting is for TBOS commands (as described later in this section). The other

setting is for factory use only.

Figure 3-22: Diagnostic Port Protocol Selection

SW1

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3.14.3.1 Diagnostics Port using RS-232

For RS-232 diagnostics connection to the LYNX.sc radio, connect the serial device (modem,

computer, terminal) to the male 9-pin subminiature connector in accordance with Figure 3-23.

Figure 3-23: RS-232 Diagnostic Port Connections

Pins 6 through 9 must not be connected for RS-232

communications to operate properly.

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3.14.3.2 Diagnostics Port using RS-422

For RS-422 Diagnostics connection to the LYNX.sc radio, connect to the serial device (modem,

computer, terminal) to the male 9-pin subminiature connector in accordance with Figure 3-24.

Figure 3-24: RS-422 Diagnostic Port Connections

Do not connect devices to both the RS-232 and RS-422

connections of the Diagnostics Port. This will cause data

conflicts that will result in errors over the interface.

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3.14.3.3 TBOS Protocol and Map

The diagnostics port is configured for an open industry standard protocol, called Telemetry Byte

Oriented Serial (TBOS). TBOS is a poll and response protocol that operates on a RS-422 4-wire

interface, one pair for transmit data (requests) to the radio, and one pair for receive data

(responses) from the radio. TBOS is asynchronous, serial, half duplex transmissions of ASCII

words which consist of one start bit, 8 data bits, odd parity and two stop bits at 1200 baud. The

connected terminal (remote or local) can poll the radio and determine status of the connected

LYNX.sc radio. The LYNX.sc is also able to communicate TBOS commands over the RS-232

connections, instead of the RS-422 connections if desired.

TBOS operates with a bit-map structure where each bit that the connected LYNX.sc radio sends

to the TBOS terminal has a specific meaning with regard to status, alarms or controls. All TBOS

network elements require a map for the network management software to interpret their

responses to queries from the terminal. Table 3-F provides the TBOS map for the E1 LYNX.sc

radios.

The near-end RSL and Tx power test point voltages are encoded as 8 bit words that can be

converted into reference voltages (the same as at the front panel of the radio.

The address of the radio (see Section 3.14.1) serves as the “display” page number for the TBOS

data. Since TBOS is limited to eight (8) displays of data, it is required that addresses of 01

through 08 be used for LYNX.sc radios in TBOS networks. Any radio with addresses other than

01 through 08 will not report to the TBOS bit-map. In order to view status displays of far-end

radios, or other radios in the connected network, the AUX DATA port must be in Bridge (default)

mode as described in Section 3.14.4.

Alarm points within the TBOS map behave like the radio front

and rear panel alarms. If DIP switches have been set to disable

alarms, the alarms are disabled within the TBOS map.

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PAGE 3-52 SECTION 3: INSTALLATION & ADJUSTMENTS

Byte Point Bit Type*Scan Point Definition Control Point Definition Notes

1 7 S Model ID MSB 0011 = 2.4 GHz E1 (Model 31500)

2 6 S Model ID LSB+2 0100 = 5.8 GHz E1 (Model 31400)

3 5 S Model ID LSB+1 0101 = 5.8 GHz 2xE1 (Model 31700)

14 4 S Model ID LSB 1100 = 5.8 GHz 4xE1 (Model 31850)

5 3 N/A Future Use

6 2 S Channel Plan ID MSB SW3 pos 6 00=A, 01=B, 10=C

7 1 S Channel Plan ID LSB SW3 pos 7 Defaulted to 00 (A) for Model 31800

8 0 S Channel Plan Tx High/Low SW3 pos 8 (1 = Tx High, i.e. A2, B2, C2)

9 7 A Radio Fail Alarm Equal to F/P alarm

10 6 A AIS Out Alarm Equal to F/P alarm

11 5 A Fan Alarm Equal to F/P alarm

212 4 A Rx Sync Alarm Equal to F/P alarm

13 3 A Loopback Error Alarm Equal to F/P alarm

14 2 A BER Alarm Equal to F/P alarm

15 1 A Far-End Alarm Equal to F/P alarm

16 0 A Telemetry Down Alarm Equal to F/P alarm

17 7 A Data Loss Ch1 Alarm Equal to F/P alarm

18 6 A Data Loss Ch2 Alarm Equal to F/P alarm, where applicable

19 5 A Data Loss Ch3 Alarm Equal to F/P alarm, where applicable

320 4 A Data Loss Ch4 Alarm Equal to F/P alarm, where applicable

21 3 S Data Loss Ch1 Alarm Disabled SW1 pos 1

22 2 S Data Loss Ch2 Alarm Disabled SW1 pos 2, where applicable

23 1 S Data Loss Ch3 Alarm Disabled SW3 pos 4, where applicable

24 0 S Data Loss Ch4 Alarm Disabled SW3 pos 6, where applicable

25 7 S Loopback Test Source SW1 pos 3 (0 = Internal, 1 = External)

26 6 S Loopback Error LED Mode SW1 pos 4 (0 = Latched, 1 = Momentary)

27 5 S/C Loopback Channel 1 Enabled Loopback Channel 1 On/Off Front panel switch

428 4 S/C Loopback Channel 2 Enabled Loopback Channel 2 On/Off Front panel switch, where applicable

29 3 S/C Loopback Channel 3 Enabled Loopback Channel 3 On/Off Front panel switch, where applicable

30 2 S/C Loopback Channel 4 Enabled Loopback Channel 4 On/Off Front panel switch, where applicable

31 1 S AIS Disabled SW2 pos 5

32 0 S Bridge Disabled (Aux Enabled) SW2 pos 6

33 7 N/A Future Use

34 6 N/A Future Use

35 5 N/A Future Use

536 4 N/A Future Use

37 3 S Far-End Address Invalid 1=Address>08

38 2 S Far-End Address MSB 000=01, 001=02, 010=03,

39 1 S Far-End Address LSB+1 011=04, 100=05, 101=06,

40 0 S Far-End Address LSB 110=07, 111=08

41 7 S Near-End RSL MSB RSLVOLTAGE ≈

≈≈

≈ Binary Byte(integer) x 0.04 Volts

42 6 S Near-End RSL MSB-1

43 5 S Near-End RSL MSB-2 Note The 8-bit binary value (0-255) represents

644 4 S Near-End RSL MSB-3 RSL values between -50 dBm and threshold.

45 3 S Near-End RSL MSB-4 Radio paths with higher RSL values will read

46 2 S Near-End RSL MSB-5 approximately five (5) to ten (10) VDC on the radio’s

47 1 S Near-End RSL MSB-6 front panel test point but be limited to a maximum

48 0 S Near-End RSL MSB-7 binary reading of 255 which represents 5 VDC.

49 7 S Near-End Tx Power MSB

50 6 S Near-End Tx Power MSB-1

51 5 S Near-End Tx Power MSB-2

752 4 S Near-End Tx Power MSB-3 8-bit byte derives voltage or dBm

53 3 S Near-End Tx Power MSB-4 TxPWRVOLTAGE ≈

≈≈

≈ Binary Byte(integer) x 0.02 Volts

54 2 S Near-End Tx Power MSB-5

55 1 S Near-End Tx Power MSB-6

56 0 S Near-End Tx Power MSB-7

57 7 S Both Fans Bad Only applies if Point 11=1

58 6 S Tx Synth Unlock Only applies if Point 9=1

59 5 S Rx Synth Unlock Only applies if Point 9=1

860 4 S Input Line Driver Only applies if Point 9=1

61 3 S Digital Hardware Only applies if Point 9=1

62 2 N/A Future Use Key: A = Alarm

63 1 N/A Future Use S = Status

64 0 N/A Future Use C = Control

Table 3-F: TBOS Map for the LYNX.sc E1s

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SECTION 3: INSTALLATION & ADJUSTMENTS PAGE 3-53

3.14.4 AUX DATA (Digital Service Channel) Connection

The AUX DATA port is a separate wayside serial port which can be configured to allow the

connection of any user serial data (to 9600 baud) through the radio network. In the default

configuration, this service channel is “bridged” to the diagnostics port, providing TBOS network

management for far-end radios including radio network management through repeaters and hubs.

Connection to the AUX DATA port is an RS-232 or RS-422 serial interface, identical to the

diagnostics port (see Section 3.14.3). This port does not affect the E1 traffic on the LYNX.sc

radio.

For TBOS network management, or when the AUX DATA port is used as a clear service channel,

co-located radios can be wired to one another to provide the information throughout the network.

At a repeater or hub location, bridging is accomplished by cable connections between co-located

LYNX.sc radios, via their AUX DATA ports, as shown in Figure 3-25 and 3-26. Figure 3-27

illustrates the pin-to-pin connections for this configuration. There is a related DIP switch position,

as shown in Figure 3-27, that makes the AUX DATA port usable for customer data instead of the

TBOS network management information. The factory default setting for this DIP switch is for

TBOS network management.

For non-TBOS external site management systems can be used with the LYNX.sc radios; Figure

3-26 shows a typical application. Here the reporting relies on external devices to communicate

over the clear service channel of the LYNX.sc radio. Each radio is given a site location (see

Section 3.14.1) and information on the radio status and control is fed through the diagnostic port

to a remote terminal unit (RTU). These RTUs have the capability of providing for other external

inputs at the remote site, for complete network management. Communication from each RTU is

fed via the RS-232 port to the AUX DATA connector on the radio, in this configuration no bridging

is required.

RTUs that do not support TBOS can alternatively connect to

the LYNX.sc alarm connector for discreet TTL alarms and/or

test point voltages.

If you are using TBOS network management and want full

information on the far-end radio (even in a single-hop

application), the bridge function must be enabled.

The service channel can only be used for TBOS network

management or for Aux data, not both. When selected for

TBOS, no other data should be connected to the AUX DATA

port.

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PAGE 3-54 SECTION 3: INSTALLATION & ADJUSTMENTS

Figure 3-25: Repeater and Hub TBOS Radio Network Management

Figure 3-26: Repeater Application with Site Network Management

Antenna

Diagnostics

2XT1

LYNX.sc

Antenna

Diagnostics

Aux. DATA

ux. DATA

LYNX.sc

Antenna

Diagnostics

LYNX.sc

Antenna

Diagnostics

LYNX.sc

232

RS-232

T1 LYNX.sc

Diag. AUX.

Site

Address

TBOS

Info at

this

radio

Site

ddress

TBOS

Info at

this

radio

LYNX.sc

Diag. AUX. LYNX.sc

UX Diag

Remote

Terminal

Unit

Site

Address

TBOS

Info at

this

radio

RS-232

Site

Address

TBOS

Info at

this

radio

LYNX.sc

Diag. AUX.

Network

Manager Remote

Terminal Unit

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SECTION 3: INSTALLATION & ADJUSTMENTS PAGE 3-55

Figure 3-27: AUX DATA Cable Connection for Repeater/Hub

Figure 3-28: AUX Data Selection

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PAGE 3-56 SECTION 3: INSTALLATION & ADJUSTMENTS

3.14.5 Protect Port Connection (Preliminary Information)

This feature is not yet available as of the publishing date of

this manual.

The protect port is an 8-pin modular jack connection which is used in conjunction with an auxiliary

piece of equipment called a LYNX.SC.mhs. The LYNX.sc protection port implements control

information for the purposes of Monitored Hot Standby (MHS) or Space Diversity (SD) radio

configurations. Purchase of the LYNX.SC.mhs equipment is required to implement this feature of

the LYNX.sc radio. Details of the specific connection requirements to this equipment are supplied

in the LYNX.SC.mhs manual.

MHS is a configuration of equipment which essentially supports a “back-up” radio, in case of radio

hardware failure. For the LYNX.sc this is accomplished by connecting the antenna and E1

connections to the LYNX.SC.mhs unit, and then connecting the LYNX.SC.mhs unit to two

separate and identical LYNX.sc radios. The LYNX.SC.mhs unit provides the capability to switch

between connected LYNX.sc radios in case of a radio hardware failure. There is an interruption in

radio traffic when this switching occurs, however, radios are typically able to resynchronize and

establish communications in a few seconds (depending on path length and path availability). A

typical MHS configuration is shown in Figure 3-29.

Figure 3-29: MHS Configuration

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SECTION 3: INSTALLATION & ADJUSTMENTS PAGE 3-57

3.14.6 Protect Port Connection (Preliminary Information)

This feature is not yet available as of the publishing date of

this manual.

Space Diversity (SD) is a similar application for radios where there is a “back-up” path for the

radio in case of radio failure or path outage problems. This type of application is typically

configured as two separate radios at the same site connected to two separate antennas. The

separate antennas yield a slightly different path and therefore may provide better performance in

cases of path outage due to weather or interference. There is an availability improvement due to

multipath fading in a SD configuration as compared to a non-protected system configuration. A

representative SD configuration is shown in Figure 3-30.

Figure 3-30: SD Configuration

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PAGE 3-58 SECTION 3: INSTALLATION & ADJUSTMENTS

Your Notes on the LYNX.sc Radio

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SECTION 4: TROUBLESHOOTING PAGE 4-1

4. Troubleshooting

4.1 Regular Maintenance

The LYNX.sc radios do not require any regular maintenance, however, it is prudent to monitor the

radio link at regular intervals to assure that the link conditions are not changing. When visiting a

radio site for maintenance, the following items may be checked and their results recorded:

❖RSL Voltage

❖PWR Voltage

❖Far-end RSL Voltage

❖Alarm conditions

❖Verify radio has adequate ventilation

If any alarm conditions exist, they should be recorded, and troubleshooting procedures from this

Section of the manual should be followed.

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PAGE 4-2 SECTION 5: TROUBLESHOOTING

4.2 Changing Frequency Plans

The LYNX.sc RF frequency selections are listed in Section 3.5. The near-end radio and the far-

end radio must be corresponding (e.g. A1 / A2). The frequency of a given LYNX.sc terminal is set

by the specific filter, the physical orientation of this assembly, and the setting of corresponding

DIP Switches. (See Section 3.12.1 for more details.)

With respect to a given filter, the frequencies are fixed, because tuned RF filters are required for

normal operation. Changing of the (pretuned) radio frequencies may be required when installing

spares or for special situations, such as interference mitigation. This is accomplished by installing

an alternate filter or reorienting the existing filter.

For any given model of LYNX.sc (2.4 GHz 1xE1, 2.4 GHz 2xE1, 5.8 GHz 1xE1, 5.8 GHz 2xE1, or

5.8 GHz 4xE1), the frequency channel can be changed by swapping and /or reorienting the filter.

It is not necessary to remove the cover assembly of the LYNX.sc

1. Remove any cables connected to the antenna connector on the diplexer (filter) and

then remove the two screws which mount the filter to the LYNX.sc chassis.

2. Slowly remove the filter from the chassis being careful to not endanger the cables that are

connected to the rear side of the filter.

3. Disconnect the two SMA connectors that are attached to the rear of the filter with a 5/16”

open end wrench.

4. Select the new filter or orient the existing filter such that the frequency channel label on the

filter (showing the DIP switch positions) is right-side-up corresponding to the desired

frequency channel.

5. Connect the two SMA connectors to the new or reoriented filter with the 5/16” open end

wrench.

6. Slowly place the wired filter assembly so that it is flush with the rear panel.

7. Install the two screws which mount the filter to the rear panel.

8. Refer to the rear panel filter label or Section 3.12.1 for DIP Switch settings to correspond to

the new filter and reattach the antenna cable.

As an example, the filter assemblies of an A1 and A2 terminal are

identical. They are simply installed differently. An A1 terminal can

be changed into an A2 by removing the filter and rotating it 180

degrees and reinstalling the filter. The DIP switch positions need

to match the filter orientation, per the appropriate filter label.

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4.3 Using a Spare Terminal

One spare LYNX.sc terminal of a given model type (2.4 GHz 1xE1, 2.4 GHz 2xE1, 5.8 GHz 1xE1,

5.8 GHz 2xE1, or 5.8 GHz 4xE1) will service any other radio in that same model type, independent

of frequency channel plan. For example, a 5.8 GHz E1 channel A2 can be used as a spare for any

A, B or C channel E1 radio at 5.8 GHz. See Section 4.2 for changing frequencies of a spare radio.

Customers with several radios, or radios in critical operations are encouraged to purchase one or

more spare radios of each model in their system. This will allow rapid restoration of radio service

in the unlikely event of a radio failure.

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PAGE 4-4 SECTION 5: TROUBLESHOOTING

4.4 Technical Support

Glenayre Western Multiplex provides 24-hour telephone technical support for installed LYNX.sc

radios. Customers are encouraged to troubleshoot the radio and link in accordance with the latter

part of this section in this manual before contacting Glenayre Western Multiplex. Glenayre

Western Multiplex also has a limited supply of LYNX.sc radios that can be loaned to out-of-service

customers for installation while units are being repaired. Loaner supply is limited, and is only used

for critical applications on a first-come, first-served basis.

Customer service #: +1 408 542-5390

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SECTION 4: TROUBLESHOOTING PAGE 4-5

4.5 Repair Policy

The LYNX.sc terminal includes comprehensive alarm indicators designed to diagnose potential

faults. Should a fault occur, it often may be resolved by operator adjustment.

Should a fault occur that cannot be resolved by operator adjustment and has been confirmed by

looping terminals together on the bench (See Section 4.9), then the equipment should be returned

to the factory for repair.

The LYNX.sc radio is a complex system not designed for user repair. Do not remove the cover or

open any part of the LYNX.sc terminal. The complete LYNX.sc terminal should be sent back in its

original packing material for factory repair.

Please contact the factory in advance of returning the product. You will be assigned a Return

Material Authorization (RMA) number that authorizes your return. Units sent to the factory without

an RMA number may be delayed in the processing of the repair. Be sure to include the following

information:

❖RMA number

❖description of the problem

❖your name and telephone number

❖return shipping address

❖urgency of repair

Please refer to the published Warranty policy for repair policy

details.

LYNX.sc radios should be packaged in their original packing

boxes for shipment whenever possible Glenayre Western

Multiplex can provide an empty box shipment to facilitate

proper packaging. Regardless, proper and adequate packaging

must be used for shipments to protect the radio(s) from

damage. Glenayre Western Multiplex can not be held

responsible for any repairs due to inadequately packed

materials. Damage caused by improper packing will likely result

in higher repair costs and delays (refer to the Warranty section

at the beginning of this manual).

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4.6 Front Panel Status LEDs

There are several front panel status LEDs on the LYNX.sc radio. These LEDs indicate conditions

where either a hardware failure has occurred or the radio link is not optimum. In many cases, a

combination of LEDs may be illuminated. The following sections describe the necessary

troubleshooting procedures should any LED(s) indicate a problem during or after installation.

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4.6.1 DATA LOSS Alarms

Function:

These DATA LOSS Alarms indicate that no CEPT-1 signal is present at the rear panel CEPT-1

interface. On a multiple-capacity radio, the DATA LOSS 1 alarm relates to the DATA 1 ports while

the DATA LOSS 2 alarm relates to the DATA 2 ports. On the 4xE1 model, DATA LOSS 1&2 are

combined and DATA LOSS 3&4 are combined. This alarm does not indicate a radio hardware

failure.

The capacity of the radio will determine how many DATA LOSS

LEDs there are on the front panel.

Sometimes a double-capacity radio is put into service with only

one input channel active, with the second channel planned for

future growth. In this case, the DATA LOSS 2 alarm will be

active because no CEPT-1 signal will be present. This alarm

can be defeated by selecting a rear panel DIP switch as

described in Section 3.12.4.

When there is a data loss condition, even if the data loss alarm

has been disabled, the LYNX.sc radio injects AIS into the (RF)

transmitted CEPT-1 signal.

Possible Causes:

❖No CEPT-1 connection present at rear panel

❖Improper pin connections of CEPT-1 connector

❖No data on CEPT-1 input connector

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Recommended Actions:

1. Check to make sure that there is a CEPT-1 connection present on either of the

connectors (BNC) for the channel in alarm.

On a multiple-capacity radio, if the alarm is on a channel which is

unused at this time, the alarm condition can be disabled by a rear

panel DIP switch, as described in Section 3.12.4.

4. Verify that the CEPT-1 line has data active at the radio connection. This can be

accomplished using a BER tester or signal analyzer. Also, signal activity can be verified

by using an oscilloscope.

5. Verify that pin connections have been made properly (in accordance to Section 3.11).

Make sure that you have connected the CEPT-1 with respect to the transmitting device.

6. Connect a BER tester or signal analyzer to the CEPT-1 Monitor INPUT port on the rear

panel.

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4.6.2 BER (Bit Error Rate) Alarm

Function:

This LED indicates that the traffic being received from the far-end radio is exceeding the bit error

rate threshold of the radio (approximately 1 x 10-6). This indicates that radio traffic currently has

errors on it which may exceed acceptable levels. This LED will stay ON as long as the BER

threshold is being exceeded. In some cases, it will turn ON and OFF, in which case there are

bursts of errors causing intermittent degradation to the received data. In all cases, the LED will be

on for at least 1 second for any group of errors which exceed the threshold, whether they are a

burst of errors or a long string of errors.

If the RX SYNC alarm is on the near-end or far-end radio in

addition to the BER alarm (on the same radio), the RX SYNC

alarm should be the first priority for troubleshooting.

Possible Causes:

❖Path fading due to atmospheric conditions (usually accompanied by Far-End BER

alarm) and low RSL voltage reading

❖Poor transmission line connections (usually accompanied by Far-End BER alarm) and

low RSL voltage reading

❖Antenna problems, misalignment or path clearance (usually accompanied by Far-End

BER alarm) and low RSL voltage reading

❖Interference

❖Received signal level (RSL) is too strong

❖Far-end radio transmitter circuitry is faulty or Tx Power adjusted incorrectly (too low)

❖Near-end radio receiver circuitry is faulty

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Recommended Actions:

An internal loopback test should be performed to verify that errors are occurring over the link:

❖Verify that the near-end radio is set for Internal test mode and Latched Error LED (both

default settings of rear panel DIP switch positions, as described in Sections 3.12.2 and

3.13.3).

❖Press and hold (for approximately 3 seconds, then release) the Loopback Enable

switch on the front panel of one radio (this will take radios out of service). Let this test

run for a few minutes.

❖If the ERROR LED illuminates, this is verification that errors are on the link and

troubleshooting should continue.

❖Press the Loopback Enable switch to deactivate loopback mode.

Next measure RSL by placing a voltmeter across RSL and GND test points. Compare this voltage

to the Factory Test Data Sheet and estimate the RSL in dBm. Compare this to the RSL that was

expected using path calculations (see Section 3.3.3). Press and hold the DISPLAY FAR END

button and measure the far-end RSL (while continuing to hold the button). Compare this RSL to

the Factory Test Data Sheet for the far-end radio and estimate the RSL in dBm. Again, compare

this RSL to the expected RSL from the link budget calculations.

If RSL from both ends of the radio are approximately the same as each other, but lower than

anticipated for this installation, then the likely cause of the BER alarm(s) is excessive losses

between the radios. Excessive loss problems could include the transmission line at either end, all

adapters, connectors, the antennas, the antenna alignment as well as the path itself (any

obstructions or clearance problems). Antenna alignment, line-of-sight and path clearance should

be verified; if this does not improve RSL, all devices between the radios and their antennas at

both ends should be checked. Make sure all transmission line, connectors and any other devices

are properly rated for operation at the radio's frequency (2.4 or 5.8 GHz).

If only one end has low RSL, this could be caused by low transmit output power from the opposite

end radio. Verify that the transmitter output power of the radio opposite to the low RSL receiver

has been set in accordance to path calculations, or EIRP restrictions (where applicable). Power

adjustment must be performed by professional installation personnel only. The PWR test point

can be used and compared with the Factory Test Data Sheet, the front panel recessed

potentiometer can be turned clockwise to increase power. If an RF power meter is available, this

can be connected to the RF output of the radio for precision measurement. This test will also

verify that the radio transmitter is working properly.

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If one terminal (or both) has high RSL, this could be caused by a very short path or interference.

To verify the possible presence of interference, remove DC power to the radio which is opposite to

the one that is reading high RSL. Once power is removed, measure RSL on the remaining radio.

If RSL voltage is higher than that which is listed for "Threshold" in the Factory Test Data Sheet,

then an interfering signal is present. If interference is suspected, the easiest potential remedy is to

swap frequency channels on both sides of the link. See Section 4.2 for details. Swap frequencies

on both terminals so that they are the opposite from their original settings (e.g. change A1 into A2

and A2 into A1). Make sure that you change the DIP switch settings to correspond to the channel

change. After both ends are changed, reconnect the radios and determine if the BER alarm is still

active. If the BER alarm is still active, other frequency channels can be installed, or other

interference countermeasures can be tried, in accordance with Section 4.8.

If the BER alarm continues, an external BER test should be performed to verify the extent of bit

errors on the link. See Sections 4.9 and 4.10 for details on bit error rate testing. A BERT can be

connected on one side of the link, the External test mode selected on the near-end radio,

loopback enabled and bit errors evaluated. If the BER is above acceptable levels, continue to

troubleshoot the link.

If all path related and data input problems have been pursued and the BER alarm is still active,

the problem could be related to a radio failure. While radio failure is typically indicated by more

severe alarm conditions, it is possible that one of the radios may be out of specification, and this

could be the cause of the BER alarm. A back-to-back test will verify proper radio operation. See

Section 4.9 for details. A threshold test on both radios along with a test to verify proper RF output

power would be beneficial.

Perform a back-to-back test before returning any radio terminal to

the factory for repair. A back-to-back test verifies radio operation.

(See Section 4.9).

If the radios successfully pass their back-to-back testing, the problem is likely with the path or the

connections between the radio and the antenna or interference. Before reinstalling the radios, be

sure to set the output power to the appropriate level for the installation and set rear panel DIP

switches to the desired settings for the installation.

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4.6.3 RX SYNC (Receiver Synchronization) Alarm

Function:

This LED indicates that the demodulator function is not synchronizing with the intended received

signal.

When the RX SYNC alarm is active, the LYNX.sc radio injects AIS onto the received CEPT-1 (line

transmit out), even if AIS has been disabled by rear panel DIP switch setting.

Possible Causes:

❖Severe path fading due to atmospheric conditions (usually accompanied by Far-End RX

SYNC or BER alarm) and low RSL voltage reading

❖Poor transmission line connections (usually accompanied by Far-End RX SYNC or BER

alarm) and low RSL voltage reading

❖Antenna problems, misalignment, or path clearance (usually accompanied by Far-End

RX SYNC or BER alarm) and low RSL voltage reading

❖Improper radio settings (frequency channel, spread code)

❖Interference

❖Far-End radio transmitter circuitry is faulty

❖Near-End radio receiver circuitry is faulty

Recommended Actions:

Check the following at each end of the link:

❖Verify that rear panel filters are opposite channel plans on each end (e.g. one is A1 and

other is A2).

❖Verify that rear panel DIP switch settings match each installed filter (see Section

3.12.1).

❖Verify that each radio is set to the same spreading code (see Section 3.12.3).

❖Verify that all connections between radios and antennas are secure and all devices

between radios and antennas are rated for the radio frequency band (2.4 or 5.8 GHz).

If RX SYNC alarm continues, follow recommended actions for a BER alarm as described in

Section 4.6.2.

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4.6.4 AIS OUT (Alarm Indication Signal)

Function:

This LED informs the user that the near-end receiver is operating at BER ≥ 1 x 10-3 or is not

receiving data and is therefore injecting AIS to the line transmit out of the CEPT-1 connector.

If the AIS has been disabled by rear panel DIP switch, AIS will not be injected onto the line

transmit output unless there is a loss of sync (RX SYNC alarm).

Possible Causes:

❖Local receiver has lost lock (RX SYNC)

❖Local receiver is operating at BER >1 x 10-3

Recommended Actions:

1. Follow recommended actions for a RX SYNC alarm, as described in Section 4.6.3.

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4.6.5 FAN Alarm

Function:

This alarm activates only when one or both of the internal fans are faulty.

Possible Cause:

❖Faulty fan inside the radio.

Recommended Actions:

1. Check environmental conditions of the radio. Assure that the ambient temperature at the radio

location is within specification of the radio. If not, apply environmental conditioning to radio

location or place radio at alternate location where the environmental specifications are met.

2. Visually inspect radio mounting area and ensure that right and left sides of the radio chassis

are unobstructed for airflow.

3. Verify that at least one of the internal fans are operational by temporarily covering some of the

ventilation holes on the right side of the radio (as you face the front panel) with a thin piece of

paper. Slowly pull the paper outwards away from the ventilation holes to determine if the fan is

pulling the paper toward the chassis. This can also be checked on the opposite side of the

chassis to verify that the fans are pushing air out of the chassis.

4. If at least one fan is working you may wish to postpone repair, as long as the unit is operating

without any other errors (the radio is designed to operate with only one fan)

5. If neither fan is working or if typical operating environment is greater than 30°C, it is

recommended that the unit be repaired at the soonest opportunity. Return the radio to the

factory for repair. See Section 4.5 for details.

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4.6.6 RADIO FAIL Alarm

Function:

The RADIO FAIL alarm indicates a known problem with the radio hardware.

Possible Causes:

❖Internal synthesizers are unlocked

❖Internal digital circuits have failed

❖CEPT-1 connection is incorrect

Recommended Actions:

1. Disconnect the CEPT-1 connections from the rear panel.

2. If RADIO FAIL alarm clears, check CEPT-1 connections for proper pin connections and

impedance as described in Section 3.11.

3. If RADIO FAIL alarm does not clear, remove power from the unit.

4. Check to make sure power supply voltages are within specification.

5. Even if the voltages were within specification, reapply power to the unit.

6. If RADIO FAIL alarm clears, place the radio back into service.

7. If RADIO FAIL alarm does not clear, perform a back-to-back test to verify radio operation, as

described in Section 4.9.

8. If RADIO FAIL alarm is still active in a back-to-back test, return the radio to the factory for

repair (see Section 4.5).

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PAGE 4-16 SECTION 5: TROUBLESHOOTING

4.6.7 FAR END Alarm

Function:

This LED indicates that there is an alarm condition present on the far-end radio. When the

DISPLAY FAR END button is pressed (and held), the status LEDs indicate the alarm conditions of

the far-end radio.

Possible Cause:

❖One or more alarm condition(s) exist on the far-end radio

Recommended Actions:

1. Press and hold the DISPLAY FAR END button and observe the LED status.

2. Follow instructions for troubleshooting the far-end radio in accordance to the appropriate

LEDs which are in alarm, as described in Section 4.6.1 through 4.6.6.

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4.7 Errors in the Data Stream

When the radio is in service, errors in the data stream may occur. This is usually known to the

operator by either faulty data indications of downstream equipment, external bit error rate testing,

or ERROR LED indications during internal loopback testing.

During internal test mode loopback testing, if an error is detected, the ERROR LED will illuminate.

In default mode, this lamp will stay lit during loopback testing if a single error is detected. If

Loopback has been performed over a period of time and the ERROR LED does not latch on, the

radio link is operating completely error-free.

The ERROR LED only operates in internal test signal loopback

mode. Use a BERT to detect errors when using an external test

signal. See Sections 3.12.2, 3.13.2 and 3.13.3 for more details.

It is possible that no alarms appear on the front panel during normal operations, but there are

errors present in the data stream. If the BER LED is lit, this indicates rather severe error

conditions and it is best to follow the procedures provided in Section 4.6.1. However, some errors

will not result in the BER alarm (such as bipolar violations, slow "dribbling" errors, improperly

terminated CEPT-1 connections or incorrect settings of switches), but will be exhibited on

downstream data processing equipment or during a BER test. In other cases, there may be data

errors due to atmospheric conditions (fading), interference or other reasons, but not at a high

enough error level to be indicated with the BER alarm LED. In the case of these types of errors,

the following information can be helpful to troubleshoot the radio link.

Indications:

❖In Loopback Mode, ERROR LED is illuminated

❖During external BER test, test equipment indicates errors

❖Downstream equipment (mux, channel bank, CODEC, router, etc.) indicates errors

Possible Causes:

❖Path fading due to atmospheric conditions

❖Poor transmission line connections

❖Antenna problems, misalignment or path clearance

❖Received signal level (RSL) is too strong

❖Far-End radio transmitter circuitry is faulty

❖Near-End radio receiver circuitry is faulty

❖Interference

Recommended Actions:

1. Verify CEPT-1 wiring in accordance to Section 3.11.

2. Even if the BER alarm LED is unlit but errors continue, follow the instructions described in

Section 4.6.2

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PAGE 4-18 SECTION 5: TROUBLESHOOTING

4.8 Interference Countermeasures

The recommended interference countermeasures available to the LYNX.sc operator are as

follows:

1. Short Paths

The single most effective countermeasure against interference is to maintain "short path" length.

This may be achieved by dividing long paths into multiple small paths by cascading hops.

Intermediate repeaters may be formed using back-to-back LYNX.sc terminals and transmit output

power reduced, if required.

By definition, "short path" is defined as a path where fades are extremely rare and signal levels

vary by no more than ±3 dB during fades. This distance will vary with the RF frequency. Typically

a "short path" is defined as any path length shorter than 5 miles at 5.8 GHz or 7 miles at 2.4 GHz.

2. Narrow Beam Antennas (high gain)

This is the next most effective countermeasure. Narrow beam antennas ensure that the

transmitted power is sent in a single direction and this minimizes the possibility of causing

interference inadvertently to other users. Narrow beam antennas also reject off-azimuth signals

being received from potential sources of interference and have high gain which boosts desired

receive levels and improves the carrier to interference ratio. When selecting narrow beam

antennas, it is helpful to know that larger antennas generally outperform smaller antennas.

Another important antenna specification is the front-to-back ratio which ensures rejection of

unwanted signals from azimuth angles behind the antenna.

3. Frequency Selection

This is another very effective countermeasure. The LYNX.sc radio offers several distinct non-

overlapping frequency channel plans (see Sections 3.5 and 4.2) and the radio’s RF filter is able to

reject interference more than 10 MHz away from the receive frequency. Offset frequencies

combined with other countermeasures may enable several receive channels to operate at a single

hub site. Because of the limited spreading ratio used, frequency selection is more efficient than

code selection for interference rejection when operating multiple LYNX.sc terminals at a single

site. Interference can often be overcome by exchanging frequencies of both-ends of the radio link

(e.g. change your A1 terminal to an A2 and change the other end from an A2 to an A1). Also,

changing channel plans (e.g. from A to B) can be very effective. (See Section 4.2).

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4. Antenna Polarization

Cross-polarized antennas can provide approximately 20 to 30 dB discrimination of unwanted

signals. The actual discrimination will depend upon the antenna design and any rotation of

polarization along the path, for example, due to reflections. Discrimination only exists between two

orthogonal polarizations:

- vertical vs. horizontal or

- left-hand circular vs. right-hand circular

There is only 3 dB discrimination between circular and linear (vertical or horizontal) polarization.

Interference can sometimes be overcome by changing antenna polarization at both ends of the

link.

5. Spreading Code Selection

There are 4 selectable spreading codes provided for the LYNX.sc radio (See Section 3.12.3).

These codes are selected by DIP switches and provide some discrimination against interference

from other LYNX.sc transmitters. The discrimination is limited to approximately 3 to 6 dB for

radios using the same channel plan. This is the difference between the co-channel C/I when using

different codes for the wanted and unwanted signals. When combined with a different frequency

channel, the code discrimination improves significantly beyond 3 to 6 dB. See Section 3.12.3 for

code selection details.

6. Transmit Power

The maximum level into the receiver is 0 dBm. Above this level, errors may occur in the receive

data stream. Transmit output power should be reduced on very short paths to avoid overload.

7. Equipment/Antenna Location

Occasionally, interference is caused by the radio or the antenna being too close to another similar

transmitter. For example, at 2.4 GHz, microwave ovens can exhibit interference if mounted near

the radio or antenna. Other high powered transmitters may also cause interference. Moving the

radio, the antennas, or the interfering equipment can reduce or eliminate interference.

Interference countermeasures rely to some extent on the

measurement of the received interference level and frequency.

Prior to turning up a new hop, a spectrum analyzer can be used

to monitor the spectrum at each end to check for possible

interfering signals. See Section 4.8.1 for more details.

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4.8.1 Use of a Spectrum Analyzer to Evaluate Potential Interference

Connecting to the antenna and using "peak hold" on a spectrum analyzer, the spectrum between

2.4 GHz and 2.5 GHz (for 2.4 GHz radios) or 5.7 GHz and 5.9 GHz (for 5.8 GHz radios) can be

swept and any signals being received at levels above the radio’s specified threshold identified. If

potential interfering signals are found, then the LYNX.sc frequency plan can be changed to avoid

a receive channel which may contain significant interference (see Section 4.2).

For example, interference may be reduced by moving from the A1/A2 plan to the B1/B2 plan or by

swapping terminals or RF filters so that A1 becomes A2.

Signals outside the range of 2.4 GHz to 2.5 GHz (for 2.4 GHz

radios) and 5.7 GHz to 5.9 GHz (for 5.8 GHz radios) may be

ignored: they will not cause interference.

If a spectrum analyzer is not available, the RSL voltage can be used to indicate the background

noise and interference level within the receiver RF filter band when the far-end transmitter is

turned off. With the far-end radio turned off, if an RSL voltage level above the radio’s threshold

level is measured, there is potentially interference in this frequency channel.

When using a spectrum analyzer for determining the presence

of interference, very narrow resolution bandwidth settings must

be used to detect signals down to the radio’s threshold

(approximately -87 to -95 dBm, depending on radio type).

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4.9 Back-to-Back Testing

Back-to-back testing, as shown in Figure 4-1, is an ideal method of testing the LYNX.sc radios.

This testing eliminates link problems caused by auxiliary equipment, installation, or the radio path

and isolates potential radio hardware problems. Back-to-back testing must be performed with both

radios at the same location. The following test equipment is required:

❖DC power source capable of supplying approximately 90 Watts (total) to the radios (or

two AC adapters)

❖One low-loss coaxial cable, N-to-N male

❖One (or more) coaxial in-line calibrated fixed attenuators, 40 to 80 dB total attenuation

The following test equipment may also be useful to perform further testing of the LYNX.sc radio:

❖BER tester

❖Variable (60 dB range or more) RF attenuator (rated for the proper frequency, 2.4 or 5.8

GHz)

❖RF power meter

Back-to-back testing must be performed to verify a radio

problem before returning any radio to the factory for repair.

When the equipment is connected as shown in Figure 4-1, without connecting the BER tester,

both LYNX.sc radios should have no alarm conditions, except for DATA LOSS. When Loopback

is enabled at either end, no errors should be registered by the ERROR indication. If these

conditions have been met, then it is likely that the LYNX.sc radio is operating in accordance to

specifications. If errors or alarms occur during this test, verify that all DIP switch settings are

properly set. If alarms or errors are still present, the radio is likely to be faulty.

If further troubleshooting is required for the radios themselves, a BER tester can be inserted into

the rear panel bantam jacks (or the appropriate input/output data port) so an end-to-end or

loopback test can be performed to assure that no errors are present in the radio link. In addition, a

variable RF attenuator can be inserted between the radios to fade down the path to determine that

the threshold specification is being met. The BER and threshold tests can be run in both

directions to isolate the radio problem (if any). More information on BER testing is provided in

Section 4.10. An RF power meter can be used to individually test each radio’s output power.

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Figure 4-1: Back-to-Back Test Configuration

(When using a BER tester, initiate loopback on connected LYNX.sc and select external test mode

as described in Section 3.12.2).

The LYNX.sc radios will be damaged if appropriate attenuation

is not supplied between radios. You must provide a minimum of

40 dB and no more than 80 dB attenuation between the two

radios.

LYNX.sc

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4.10 BER (Bit Error Rate) Testing

Bit error rate (BER) testing is the preferred way to evaluate a radio link’s performance. It can be

performed from end-to-end or in loopback mode (which tests both directions of the radio path).

Figure 4-2 illustrates a typical BER test configuration for loopback testing (which may include the

radio’s path instead of in-line attenuators). Figure 4-2 illustrates a typical BER test configuration

for end-to-end testing.

When performing BER testing, make sure of the following:

- Disconnect all CEPT-1 inputs and outputs to both radios.

- Connect BER tester to bantam jacks or data in/output connector(s)

- Select external test signal for loopback testing using the DIP switches as defined in

Section 3.12.

- Verify all DIP switch settings.

- The BER test pattern chosen must contain adequate 1’s density

A 215-1, QRSS, or 3 in 24 test pattern may be used.

The LYNX.sc uses HDB3 line coding.

If two BER test sets are used to measure the link performance

separately in each direction, frame slips will occur unless the BER

test sets are synchronized with one test set as the master and the

other as the slave.

BER testing may be performed on the bench, with two terminals back to back, or over the radio

path. Also, it may be performed from end-to-end (which requires two BER test sets over a link, the

far-end unit slaved to the near-end unit’s clock) or in loopback mode, as described in Section 4.9.

If BER testing indicates an unacceptable level of errors, follow the instructions in Section 4.6.2. or

perform a back-to-back test as described in Section 4.9.

Figure 4-2: End-to-End BER Test Configuration

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Your Notes on the LYNX.sc Radio

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SECTION 5: APPENDICES PAGE 5-1

5. Appendices

Appendix A - Digital Line Interface Specifications

Information in Appendix A is referenced to the following document: ITU-T G.703

1. General Characteristics

Bit rate: 2048 kbits/s ±50 ppm

Code: HDB3

2. Specifications at the output ports

Bit Rate 2.048 Mb/s

Pulse Shape All marks of a valid signal must conform with the mask irrespective

of the sign. The value V corresponds to the nominal peak value.

Pair(s) in each Direction One Coaxial pair

Test load impedance 75 ohms resistive

Nominal peak voltage

of a mark (pulse) 2.37 V

Peak voltage of a space

(no pulse) 0 ±0.237 V

Nominal pulse width 244 ns

Ratio of the amplitudes

of positive and negative

pulses at the center of

the pulse interval

0.95 to 1.05

Ratio of the widths of

positive and negative

pulses at the nominal

half amplitude

0.95 to 1.05

Table A-2: CEPT-1 Interconnection Specification

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Figure A-1: Mask of the E1 Pulse (CEPT-1)

219

10%

10% 10%

10%

269

(244 + 25)

194 ns

(

244 – 50

)

244

20%

488 ns

(244 + 244)

20%

V=100%

50%

Nominal pulse

CCITT-32540

Note – V corres

onds to the nominal

eak

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SECTION 5: APPENDICES PAGE 5-3

Appendix B - Rear Panel DIP Switches

The LYNX.sc radio has two separate eight-segment rear panel DIP switches, labeled SW1, and

SW3. Upon shipment from the factory, these switches are set for factory default configuration,

which is all switches down (in the “zero” position), except for SW3 positions 5 through 8, which are

set to match the installed rear panel RF filter assembly (which determines the frequency channel

for transmit and receive, such as A1, A2, B1, B2, etc.). The tables in this section provide a quick

reference for the DIP switch functions and their settings.

DIP switch settings are noted by their position, either up (1), or down (0),

not by on/off as may be printed on the DIP switch assembly.

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PAGE 5-4 SECTION 5: APPENDICES

Shaded switch

ositions are factor

default

12345678

SW1 1

000000000

1 Loss of Input Data Alarm

0 Enable

1 Disable

3 Loopback Test Source

0 Internal

1 External

4 Error LED Latch

0 Enable

1 Disable (Flash)

5 Rx AIS Output

0 Enable

1 Disable

Diagnostics Port 7

TBOS 0

Craft 1

Aux Data Port 8

Bridged (TBOS) 0

Enabled (Clear) 1

1234

SW2 1

00000

1CEPT-1 Ground

0 Floating

1 Grounded

12345678

SW3 1xx

0000000xx

Spreading Code

0 0 Code 1

0 1 Code 2

1 0 Code 3

1 1 Code 4

Frequency Xmtr Rcvr 78

A1 2410 2453 0 0

A2 2453 2410 0 1

B1 2430 2473 1 0

B2 2473 2430 1 1

Table B-1: LYNX.sc 2.4 GHz 1xE1 Switch Settings

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Shaded switch positions are factory default

12345678

SW1 1

000000000

Loss of Input Data Alarm

00 Enable

11 Disable

3 Loopback Test Source

0 Internal

1 External

4 Error LED Latch

0 Enable

1 Disable (Flash)

5 Rx AIS Output

0 Enable

1 Disable

Diagnostics Port 7

TBOS 0

Craft 1

Aux Data Port 8

Bridged (TBOS) 0

Enabled (Clear) 1

1234

SW2 1

00 0 0 0

CEPT-1 Ground

0 0 Floating

1 1 Grounded

12345678

SW3 1 x

00000000x

Spreading Code

00 Code 1

01 Code 2

10 Code 3

11 Code 4

Frequency Xm t r Rc vr 8

A1 2421 2462.5 0

A2 2462.5 2421 1

Table B-2: LYNX.sc 2.4 GHz 2xE1 Switch Settings

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12345678

SW1 1

000000000

1 Loss of Input Data Alarm

0 Enable

1 Disable

3 Loopback Test Source

0 Internal

1 External

4 Error LED Latch

0 Enable

1 Disable (Flash)

5 Rx AIS Output

0 Enable

1 Disable

Diagnostics Port 7

TBOS 0

Craft 1

Aux Data Port 8

Bridged (TBOS) 0

Enabled (Clear) 1

1234

SW2 1

00000

1CEPT-1 Ground

0 Floating

1 Grounded

12345678

SW3 1xxx

000000xxx

Spreading Code

0 0 Code 1

0 1 Code 2

1 0 Code 3

1 1 Code 4

Frequency Xmtr Rcvr 678

A1 5735 5800 0 0 0

A2 5800 5735 0 0 1

B1 5755 5820 0 1 0

B2 5820 5755 0 1 1

C1 5775 5840 1 0 0

C2 5840 5775 1 0 1

Table B-3: LYNX.sc 5.8 GHz 1xE1 Switch Settings

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SECTION 5: APPENDICES PAGE 5-7

Shaded switch

ositions are factor

default

12345678

SW1 1

000000000

Loss of Input Data Alarm

00 Enable

11 Disable

3 Loopback Test Source

0 Internal

1 External

4 Error LED Latch

0 Enable

1 Disable (Flash)

5 Rx AIS Output

0 Enable

1 Disable

Diagnostics Port 7

TBOS 0

Craft 1

Aux Data Port 8

Bridged (TBOS) 0

Enabled (Clear) 1

1234

SW2 1

00000

CEPT-1 Ground

0 0 Floating

1 1 Grounded

12345678

SW3 1xx

0000000xx

Spreading Code

0 0 Code 1

0 1 Code 2

1 0 Code 3

1 1 Code 4

Frequency Xmtr Rcvr 78

A1 5741 5803 0 0

A2 5803 5741 1 1

B1 5772 5834 0 0

B2 5834 5772 1 1

Table B-4: LYNX.sc 5.8 GHz 2xE1 Switch Settings

INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

LYNX.sc E1 FAMILY

SPREAD SPECTRUM RADIOS

OCTOBER 1998

PAGE 5-8 SECTION 5: APPENDICES

Shaded switch positions are factory default

12345678

SW1 1

000000000

Loss of Input Data Alarm

00 Enable

11 Disable

3 Loopback Test Source

0 Internal

1 External

4 Error LED Latch

0 Enable

1 Disable (Flash)

5 Rx AIS Output

0 Enable

1 Disable

Diagnostics Port 7

TBOS 0

Craft 1

Aux Data Port 8

Bridged (TBOS) 0

Enabled (Clear) 1

1234

SW2 1

00 0 0 0

1234

CEPT-1 Ground

0 0 0 0 Floating

1 1 1 1 Grounded

12345678

SW3 1xxx

00 0 0 0 0 x x x

Spreading Code

00 Code 1

01 Code 2

10 Code 3

11 Code 4

Loss of Input Data Alarm

00 Enable

11 Disable

Frequency Xmtr Rcvr 678

A1 5735 5800 0 0 0

A2 5800 5735 0 0 1

B1 5755 5820 0 1 0

B2 5820 5755 0 1 1

C1 5775 5840 1 0 0

C2 5840 5775 1 0 1

Table B-5: LYNX.sc 5.8 GHz 4xE1 Switch Settings

INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

LYNX.sc E1 FAMILY

SPREAD SPECTRUM RADIOS

OCTOBER 1998

SECTION 5: APPENDICES PAGE 5-9

Appendix C - Rear Panel Data Connectors

The following figures illustrate the pin structure for all rear panel data connections. All figures are

oriented as a customer would view them, facing the rear panel. DC power connection information

is found in Section 3.7 of the manual.

Figure C-1: VF Port Connection

Figure C-2: Alarm Port Connections

INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

LYNX.sc E1 FAMILY

SPREAD SPECTRUM RADIOS

OCTOBER 1998

PAGE 5-10 SECTION 5: APPENDICES

Figure C-3: Diagnostic Port 9-Pin D-Style Connector

Do NOT use both the RS-232 and RS-422 connections at the same time!

Figure C-4: AUX DATA Port 9-Pin D-Style Connector

Do NOT use both the RS-232 and RS-422 connections at the same time!

INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

LYNX.sc E1 FAMILY

SPREAD SPECTRUM RADIOS

OCTOBER 1998

SECTION 5: APPENDICES PAGE 5-11

Your Notes on the LYNX.sc Radio

Index

AC..............................................................................................................................................................3-19

Accessories ................................................................................................................................................2-22

AIS.......................................................................................................2-7, 2-13, 2-20, 3-29, 3-30, 3-47, 4-13

Alarm connections .....................................................................................................................................3-46

Alarm interface ..........................................................................................................................................3-47

Alarms.................................................................................................................................................3-36, 4-7

Alignment, antenna ....................................................................................................................................3-23

Antenna.................................................................................................... 2-3, 3-3, 3-24, 3-36, 3-39, 4-9, 4-19

Antenna connection....................................................................................................................................3-20

Antenna installation ...................................................................................................................................3-22

Antenna planning.......................................................................................................................................3-10

Availability calculation................................................................................................................................3-7

Balanced E1...............................................................................................................................................2-18

Balun......................................................................................................................................... 2-7, 2-18, 3-25

Bit error rate...............................................................................................................................................3-40

Bit Error Rate....................................................2-13, 2-14, 3-7, 3-30, 3-36, 3-41, 3-47, 4-9, 4-11, 4-17, 4-23

BNC...........................................................................................................................................................3-25

Calculations .................................................................................................................................................3-5

Caution.........................................................................................................................................................1-2

CEPT-1 ..............................................................................................................................2-18, 3-25, 5-1, 5-2

CEPT-1 connection.................................................................................................3-36, 3-40, 3-47, 4-7, 4-17

Channel plan .....................................................................................................................................3-12, 3-26

Coaxial cable..............................................................................................................................................3-21

Code...........................................................................................................................................................3-28

Coding..........................................................................................................................................................2-2

Connections ...........................................................................2-7, 2-8, 2-15, 2-17, 2-18, 2-19, 3-25, 3-36, 5-1

Container......................................................................................................................................................3-1

Controls......................................................................................................................................................2-14

CSU/DSU...................................................................................................................................................3-30

Data loss.....................................................................................................................................................3-29

DC.......................................................................................................................................................3-9, 3-17

DIP switch...........................................................................................................................................3-31, 5-3

DIP switch settings.....................................................................................................................................3-26

DIP switches ..............................................................................................................................................2-20

Dispersive fade .....................................................................................................................................2-5, 3-6

EIRP...........................................................................................................................................................3-32

Environment.................................................................................................................................................2-9

Error LED..................................................................................................................................................3-42

Errors .........................................................................................................................................................4-17

Fade margin .................................................................................................................................................3-6

Fans............................................................................................................................................................4-14

Frequency............................................................................................................................................3-12, 4-2

Frequency plan.............................................................................................................................................3-8

Fresnel..........................................................................................................................................................3-4

Front panel.................................................................................................................................................2-11

Grounding..................................................................................................................................................3-17

HDB3..................................................................................................................................................4-23, 5-1

Icons.............................................................................................................................................................1-2

Installation .........................................................................................................................1-1, 2-22, 3-3, 3-31

Interference ................................................................................................................................................4-18

ISO 9000..........................................................................................................................................................i

Line-of-sight.................................................................................................................................................3-4

Link budget..................................................................................................................................................3-5

Loopback ...................................................................................................... 2-7, 2-14, 3-27, 3-40, 4-10, 4-17

Mechanical.................................................................................................................................................2-10

MHS...........................................................................................................................................................3-56

Mounting....................................................................................................................................................3-15

Note .............................................................................................................................................................1-2

Orderwire....................................................................................2-8, 2-19, 2-21, 3-31, 3-36, 3-43, 3-44, 3-45

Output power ....................................................................................................................................3-33, 3-34

Output power, adjust............................................................................................................... 3-37, 3-38, 3-39

Path ..............................................................................................................................................................3-4

Path planning .............................................................................................................................................3-10

Power................................................................................................2-2, 2-9, 2-22, 3-3, 3-16, 3-39, 4-9, 4-19

Power connection.......................................................................................................................................3-16

Power connection, AC ...............................................................................................................................3-19

Power connection, DC ...............................................................................................................................3-17

Power supply planning.................................................................................................................................3-9

Professional installation..........................................................................................................................iii, 1-1

Rear panel...........................................................................................................................................2-16, 5-9

Receive signal level ............................................2-12, 2-14, 3-3, 3-5, 3-22, 3-23, 3-24, 3-35, 3-47, 4-9, 4-20

Receiver .......................................................................................................................................................2-4

Regulatory.............................................................................................................................................iii, 2-10

REN ...........................................................................................................................................................3-43

Repair...........................................................................................................................................................4-5

Repeater configurations ....................................................................................................................3-54, 3-55

RF filter......................................................................................................................................................3-26

RS-232/RS-422.....................................................................................................2-19, 3-48, 3-49, 3-50, 3-53

RSL............................................................................................................................................................3-24

SD Configuration.......................................................................................................................................3-57

Shipping..............................................................................................................................................2-22, 3-1

Spares...........................................................................................................................................................4-3

Spreading code...........................................................................................................................................3-28

Switches.......................................................................................................................................................4-2

Synchronization .........................................................................................................................................4-12

System...................................................................................................................................................2-5, 2-6

TBOS...............................................................................2-19, 2-20, 2-21, 3-43, 3-48, 3-51, 3-52, 3-53, 3-54

Technical support.........................................................................................................................................4-4

Telephone ..................................................................................................................................................3-43

Test .....................................................................................................................................................2-8, 2-12

Tips..............................................................................................................................................................1-2

Tools ..........................................................................................................................................................3-11

Transmission line.......................................................................................................................................3-21

Transmitter..........................................................................................................................................2-2, 3-37

Troubleshooting...........................................................................................................................................4-1

Turn-up ......................................................................................................................................................3-31

Warranty ......................................................................................................................................................... v

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