Schweitzer Engineering Laboratories SEL-3031 SEL-3031 User Manual 3031 IM 20181001

Download:
Mirror Download [FCC.gov]
Document ID	4032472
Application ID	DUW+9ANgfSUCRG4dTpwZAQ==
Document Description	user manual
Short Term Confidential	No
Permanent Confidential	No
Supercede	No
Document Type	User Manual
Display Format	Adobe Acrobat PDF - pdf
Filesize	166.36kB (2079442 bits)
Date Submitted	2018-10-11 00:00:00
Date Available	2018-10-11 00:00:00
Creation Date	2018-10-01 13:20:40
Producing Software	GPL Ghostscript 9.10
Document Lastmod	2018-10-01 13:20:40
Document Title	3031_IM_20181001.pdf
Document Creator	PDFCreator Version 1.7.3
Document Author:	miracosi

Preliminary Copy—Subject to Change
SEL-3031
Serial Radio
Transceiver
Instruction Manual
20181001
*PM3031-01*
Preliminary Copy—Subject to Change
© 2014–2018 by Schweitzer Engineering Laboratories, Inc. All rights reserved.
All brand or product names appearing in this document are the trademark or registered trademark of their
respective holders. No SEL trademarks may be used without written permission. SEL products appearing in this
document may be covered by U.S. and Foreign patents.
Schweitzer Engineering Laboratories, Inc. reserves all rights and benefits afforded under federal and
international copyright and patent laws in its products, including without limitation software, firmware, and
documentation.
The information in this document is provided for informational use only and is subject to change without notice.
Schweitzer Engineering Laboratories, Inc. has approved only the English language document.
This product is covered by the standard SEL 10-year warranty. For warranty details, visit selinc.com or contact
your customer service representative.
PM3031-01
SEL-3031 Instruction Manual
Date Code 20181001
Preliminary Copy—Subject to Change
Table of Contents
List of Tables ........................................................................................................... iii
List of Figures ...........................................................................................................v
Preface...................................................................................................................... vii
Section 1: Introduction and Overview
Overview ................................................................................................................1.1
Features, Benefits, and Applications......................................................................1.2
Models, Options, and Accessories .........................................................................1.3
Product Diagrams...................................................................................................1.6
Specifications .........................................................................................................1.9
Section 2: Installation
Overview ................................................................................................................2.1
Connections..........................................................................................................2.12
Front-Panel Indicators ..........................................................................................2.15
Communications ..................................................................................................2.16
Section 3: Job Done Examples
Overview ................................................................................................................3.1
High-Speed Teleprotection or Control With MIRRORED BITS Communications...3.1
Using an SEL Information Processor to Collect Relay Status and Measurements 3.6
Setting Up a Point-to-Multipoint Link Using DNP3 SCADA Protocol ..............3.10
Configuring Collocated Antennas Using SEL Hop-Sync Technology ................3.16
Section 4: Settings and Commands
PC Software............................................................................................................4.1
Settings ...................................................................................................................4.5
Commands............................................................................................................4.17
Section 5: Performance Monitoring, Testing, and Troubleshooting
Overview ................................................................................................................5.1
Monitoring Radio Performance..............................................................................5.1
Self-Test .................................................................................................................5.5
Troubleshooting .....................................................................................................5.6
Appendix A: Firmware and Manual Versions
Firmware ...............................................................................................................A.1
Instruction Manual ................................................................................................A.2
Date Code 20181001
SEL-3031 Instruction Manual
ii
Table of Contents
Preliminary Copy—Subject to Change
Appendix B: Firmware Upgrade Instructions
Overview................................................................................................................B.1
Technical Support ..................................................................................................B.5
Appendix C: SEL-3044 Encryption Card
Overview................................................................................................................C.1
NIST FIPS 140-2 Level 2 Security Requirements ................................................C.1
Theory of Operation—SEL Protocol.....................................................................C.2
SEL-3031 Instruction Manual
Date Code 20181001
Preliminary Copy—Subject to Change
List of Tables
Table 1.1
Table 1.2
Table 2.1
Table 2.2
Table 2.3
Table 2.4
Table 2.5
Table 2.6
Table 2.7
Table 2.8
Table 2.9
Table 2.10
Table 2.11
Table 4.1
Table 4.2
Table 4.3
Table 4.4
Table 4.5
Table 4.6
Table 4.7
Table 4.8
Table 4.9
Table 4.10
Table 4.11
Table 4.12
Table 4.13
Table 4.14
Table 4.15
Table 4.16
Table 4.17
Table 4.18
Table 4.19
Table 4.20
Table 4.21
Table 4.22
Table 4.23
Table 4.24
Table 5.1
Table 5.2
Table A.1
Table A.2
Date Code 20181001
Radio Antenna and Cable Accessories .............................................1.4
Certifications by Country................................................................1.12
Fresnel Zone Diameter......................................................................2.3
Antennas Permitted for Use With the SEL-3031..............................2.4
900-MHz Frequency Skip Zones (Part Numbers Starting
With 30310) .................................................................................2.7
900-MHz Frequency Skip Zones for Brazil (Part Numbers Starting
With 30311) .................................................................................2.7
Length vs. Loss in Coaxial Cables at 900 MHz ...............................2.7
Default Passwords...........................................................................2.14
Password Jumper Position ..............................................................2.15
Communications Cables for Time and Communications
Connections ...............................................................................2.15
Front-Panel Status Indicator LEDs .................................................2.16
SEL-3031 Port Description.............................................................2.16
SEL-3031 Port Description.............................................................2.18
ACSELERATOR QuickSet SEL-5030 Software .................................4.1
Device Editor Menus ........................................................................4.9
Global Settings................................................................................4.11
Radio Settings .................................................................................4.12
SKIP Zone Frequencies (SEL-30310) ............................................4.13
SKIP Zone Frequencies (SEL-30311 Brazil) .................................4.13
Port Settings....................................................................................4.16
Fixed Port Settings..........................................................................4.17
DATE Command.............................................................................4.19
ID Command...................................................................................4.20
IRIG Command...............................................................................4.20
L_D Command ...............................................................................4.21
PAS Command................................................................................4.21
Factory-Default Passwords .............................................................4.21
Valid Password Characters..............................................................4.22
QUIT Command .............................................................................4.23
RAD Command ..............................................................................4.23
SER Command ...............................................................................4.24
SET Command (Change Settings) ..................................................4.25
SET Command Editing Keystrokes ................................................4.25
SHO Command (Show/View Settings)...........................................4.26
STA Command (Device Self-Test Status).......................................4.26
STA Command Report....................................................................4.27
TIME Command Definitions ..........................................................4.27
Device Self-Tests ..............................................................................5.5
Troubleshooting Tips ........................................................................5.6
Firmware Revision History..............................................................A.1
Instruction Manual Revision History...............................................A.3
SEL-3031 Instruction Manual
Preliminary Copy—Subject to Change
This page intentionally left blank
Preliminary Copy—Subject to Change
List of Figures
Figure 1.1
Figure 1.2
Figure 1.3
Figure 1.4
Figure 1.5
Figure 1.6
Figure 2.1
Figure 2.2
Figure 2.3
Figure 2.4
Figure 2.5
Figure 2.6
Figure 2.7
Figure 2.8
Figure 2.9
Figure 2.10
Figure 2.11
Figure 2.12
Figure 2.13
Figure 3.1
Figure 3.2
Figure 3.3
Figure 3.4
Figure 3.5
Figure 3.6
Figure 3.7
Figure 3.8
Figure 3.9
Figure 3.10
Figure 3.11
Figure 3.12
Figure 3.13
Figure 3.14
Figure 3.15
Figure 3.16
Figure 3.17
Figure 3.18
Figure 4.1
Figure 4.2
Date Code 20181001
Point-to-Point Product Overview......................................................1.1
Point-to-Multipoint Product Overview .............................................1.2
Radio Antenna Connections .............................................................1.5
SEL-3031 Dimensions ......................................................................1.6
SEL-3031 Rack Mount (Front and Rear) .........................................1.7
SEL-3031 Wall Mount (Front and Rear) ..........................................1.8
Fresnel Zone .....................................................................................2.2
Antenna Polarization.........................................................................2.6
Collocated Antennas With Two Radio Links....................................2.9
Three Collocated Synchronized Radios..........................................2.10
Wall-Mount and Rack-Mount Rear Connections ...........................2.12
SEL-C693 Cable: Two-Wire EIA-485 Connections.......................2.17
EIA-232 and EIA-485 DB-9 Connector Pin Numbers ...................2.17
SEL-C245A Cable: SEL-3031 to Computer ..................................2.19
SEL-C285 Cable: SEL-3031 to DTE Device (SEL Relays)...........2.19
SEL-C387 Cable: SEL-3031 to SEL Communications Processor
With IRIG-B ..............................................................................2.20
SEL-C273A Cable: SEL-3031 Repeater and Synchronizing
Cable..........................................................................................2.20
SEL-C576 Cable: Synchronizing Cable for SEL-3031 ..................2.21
USB Interface .................................................................................2.21
SEL MIRRORED BITS Connection Example......................................3.1
SEL-3031 Port Settings for MIRRORED BITS Connection ................3.2
SEL-351 Port Settings for MIRRORED BITS Connection ..................3.3
SEL-451 Port Settings for MIRRORED BITS Connection ..................3.4
SEL-2505 DIP Switch Settings for MIRRORED BITS Connection ....3.5
TAR ROKA Command From an SEL-351 .......................................3.5
SEL-3031 Linking Information Processors to Relays ......................3.6
SEL-3031 Port 1 Settings for Fast Messaging..................................3.7
SEL-351 Port Settings for Fast Messaging.......................................3.8
Example AUTO Command Output...................................................3.9
SEL-3031 Point-to-Multipoint Example ........................................3.10
Radio Settings for Point-to-Multipoint ...........................................3.11
Port 1 Settings for Point-to-Multipoint...........................................3.12
SEL-3530 RTAC DNP3 Settings ....................................................3.13
SEL-651R Communications Settings for P2MP ............................3.14
SEL-651R DNP Port Settings for P2MP ........................................3.15
Setting up Collocated Antennas at a Repeater Location.................3.16
SYNC Settings for Master Radio....................................................3.18
Communications Menu.....................................................................4.2
Serial Port Communications Parameters ..........................................4.3
SEL-3031 Instruction Manual
vi
List of Figures
Preliminary Copy—Subject to Change
Figure 4.3
Figure 4.4
Figure 4.5
Figure 4.6
Figure 4.7
Figure 4.8
Figure 4.9
Figure 4.10
Figure 4.11
Figure 5.1
Figure 5.2
Figure C.1
Figure C.2
Figure C.3
Figure C.4
Terminal Window Menu................................................................... 4.4
Device Response to ID Command ................................................... 4.4
Selection of Drivers.......................................................................... 4.7
Update Part Number......................................................................... 4.8
New Setting Screen .......................................................................... 4.8
Status Screen .................................................................................. 4.10
Radio Strength and Channel Availability....................................... 4.11
RAD Command Response ............................................................. 4.24
Device Response to the STATUS Command ................................. 4.27
Example RAD Command ................................................................ 5.2
RBAD Generation ............................................................................ 5.4
SEL-3044 Encryption Card..............................................................C.1
In-Band Data Packet Format ............................................................C.4
Operation of the AES Encryption Function .....................................C.5
Encryption Card Location ................................................................C.7
SEL-3031 Instruction Manual
Date Code 20181001
Preliminary Copy—Subject to Change
Preface
Manual Overview
The SEL-3031 Serial Radio Transceiver manual includes the information
needed to properly install and operate the product.
The scope of this manual includes specifications, installation, mechanical
information, self-monitoring, and alarming.
An overview of each manual section and topics follows.
Preface. Describes the manual organization and conventions used to
present information.
Section 1: Introduction and Overview. Describes the basic features and
functions of the SEL-3031, and lists the specifications.
Section 2: Installation. Describes how to mount and wire the SEL-3031;
illustrates wiring connections for various applications.
Section 3: Job Done Examples. Describes common SEL-3031 applications.
Section 4: Settings and Commands. Describes settings and commands for use
with the SEL-3031.
Section 5: Performance Monitoring, Testing, and Troubleshooting. Lists common
operating and troubleshooting questions.
Appendix A: Firmware and Manual Versions. Details differences between
firmware versions. Provides a record of changes made to the manual.
Appendix B: Firmware Upgrade Instructions. Provides instructions for
upgrading the firmware in the SEL-3031.
Appendix C: SEL-3044 Encryption Card. Describes how the encryption card
operates to secure wireless data. Provides installation information.
Date Code 20181001
SEL-3031 Instruction Manual
viii
Preface
Preliminary Copy—Subject to Change
Safety Information
Safety Information
Dangers, Warnings, and Cautions
This manual uses three kinds of hazard statements, defined as follows:
DANGER
Indicates an imminently hazardous situation
that, if not avoided, will result in death or
serious injury.
WARNING
Indicates a potentially hazardous situation
that, if not avoided, could result in death or
serious injury.
CAUTION
Indicates a potentially hazardous situation
that, if not avoided, may result in minor or
moderate injury or equipment damage.
Safety Symbols
The following symbols are often marked on SEL products.
CAUTION
ATTENTION
Refer to accompanying documents.
Se reporter à la documentation.
Earth (ground)
Terre
Protective earth (ground)
Terre de protection
Direct current
Courant continu
Alternating current
Courant alternatif
Both direct and alternating current
Courant continu et alternatif
Instruction manual
Manuel d’instructions
SEL-3031 Instruction Manual
Date Code 20181001
Preface
Preliminary Copy—Subject to Change
Safety Information
ix
Safety Marks
The following statements apply to this device.
General Safety Marks
For use in Pollution Degree 2 environment.
Pour l’utilisation dans un environnement de
Degré de Pollution 2.
Terminal Ratings
Wire Materials
Use copper conductors only.
Spécifications des bornes
Type de filage
Utiliser seulement conducteurs en
cuivre.
Wire Size
12–26 AWG
Calibre de fil
12–26 AWG
Tightening Torque
Terminal Blocks: 0.8 Nm (7 in-lb)
Couple de serrage
Borniers : 0,8 Nm (7 livres-pouce)
Other Safety Marks (Sheet 1 of 2)
DANGER
Disconnect or de-energize all external
connections before opening this device.
Contact with hazardous voltages and currents
inside this device can cause electrical shock
resulting in injury or death.
WARNING
Have only qualified personnel service this
equipment. If you are not qualified to service
this equipment, you can injure yourself or
others, or cause equipment damage.
WARNING
Operator safety may be impaired if the device
is used in a manner not specified by SEL.
WARNING
Atmospheric electrical charge accumulation
can cause potential between the conductor and
shield of the feedline, or cause lightning to
strike an antenna. A lightning protector should
be installed to prevent damage to equipment or
injury to personnel.
Date Code 20181001
DANGER
Débrancher tous les raccordements externes
avant d’ouvrir cet appareil. Tout contact avec des
tensions ou courants internes à l’appareil peut
causer un choc électrique pouvant entraîner des
blessures ou la mort.
AVERTISSEMENT
Seules des personnes qualifiées peuvent
travailler sur cet appareil. Si vous n’êtes pas
qualifiés pour ce travail, vous pourriez vous
blesser avec d’autres personnes ou
endommager l’équipement.
AVERTISSEMENT
La sécurité de l’opérateur peut être
compromise si l’appareil est utilisé d’une façon
non indiquée par SEL.
AVERTISSEMENT
L'accumulation de charges électriques de type
atmosphérique peut être la cause d'une
différence de potentiel entre le conducteur et
le blindage de la ligne d'alimentation ou peut
attirer la foudre sur l'antenne. Un parafoudre
devrait être installé pour prévenir les
dommages à l'équipement ou les blessures au
personnel.
SEL-3031 Instruction Manual
x
Preface
Preliminary Copy—Subject to Change
Safety Information
Other Safety Marks (Sheet 2 of 2)
WARNING
Do not look into the fiber (laser)
ports/connectors.
WARNING
Do not look into the end of an optical cable
connected to an optical output.
WARNING
This device is shipped with default passwords.
Default passwords should be changed to
private passwords at installation. Failure to
change each default password to a private
password may allow unauthorized access. SEL
shall not be responsible for any damage
resulting from unauthorized access.
CAUTION
Although the power level is low, concentrated
energy from a directional antenna may pose a
health hazard. Do not allow users to come
closer than 23 cm (9 in) to the antenna when
the transmitter is operating in indoor or
outdoor environments in the 900-MHz band.
CAUTION
The radio contains devices sensitive to
electrostatic discharge (ESD). Undetectable
permanent damage can result if you do not use
proper ESD procedures. Ground yourself, your
work surface, and this equipment before
removing any cover from this equipment. If
your facility is not equipped to work with these
components, contact SEL about returning this
device and related SEL equipment for service.
SEL-3031 Instruction Manual
AVERTISSEMENT
Ne pas regarder vers l’extremité des ports ou
connecteurs de fibres pour laser.
AVERTISSEMENT
Ne pas regarder vers l’extrémité d’un câble
optique raccordé à une sortie optique.
AVERTISSEMENT
Cet appareil est expédié avec des mots de
passe par défaut. A l’installation, les mots de
passe par défaut devront être changés pour
des mots de passe confidentiels. Dans le cas
contraire, un accés non-autorisé á l’équipement
peut être possible. SEL décline toute
responsabilité pour tout dommage résultant de
cet accés non-autorisé.
ATTENTION
Bien que le niveau de puissance soit bas,
l'énergie concentrée d'une antenne
directionnelle peut être un danger pour la
santé. Ne pas autoriser les usagers à
s'approcher à moins de 23 cm (9 po) de
l'antenne quand l'émetteur est en opération
dans un environnement intérieur ou extérieur
dans la bande des 900-MHz.
ATTENTION
La radio contient des circuits sensibles aux
décharges électrostatiques (DES). Des
dommages permanents non-décelables
peuvent résulter de l’absence de précautions
contre les DES. Raccordez-vous correctement à
la terre, ainsi que la surface de travail et
l’appareil avant d’en retirer un panneau. Si vous
n’êtes pas équipés pour travailler avec ce type
de composants, contacter SEL afin de
retourner l’appareil pour un service en usine.
Date Code 20181001
Preliminary Copy—Subject to Change
Section 1
Introduction and Overview
Overview
The SEL-3031 is a 900-MHz, license-free, spread-spectrum radio. The radio operates
in the ITU Region 2 ISM band of 902–928 MHz through the use of a fast frequencyhopping algorithm for noise immunity and long-distance operation.
The SEL-3031 prevents the need for multiple sets of radios or expensive dedicated
fiber transmitting over long distances. Figure 1.1 shows the flexibility of the SEL-3031
in providing DNP3 SCADA information, MIRRORED BITS® control for reclosing
coordination, and engineering access to the SEL-651R Recloser Control.
SEL-651R
SEL-3031
Engineering
Access
DNP
SEL-3351
MIRRORED BITS
SEL-351S
SEL-3031
Substation Radio
Pole-Mount Radio
Figure 1.1
Point-to-Point Product Overview
Figure 1.2 shows the flexibility obtained when using the SEL-3031 in point-tomultipoint (P2MP) applications providing DNP3 or Modbus SCADA information from
many remotes to one master.
Date Code 20181001
SEL-3031 Instruction Manual
1.2
Introduction and Overview
Features, Benefits, and Applications
Preliminary Copy—Subject to Change
Figure 1.2
Point-to-Multipoint Product Overview
Features, Benefits, and Applications
➤
Dual Radio Operating Modes Provide Flexibility. Supports
point-to-point (P2P) radio operation for fast teleprotection,
distribution automation, distributed generation, and economical
backup protection. Apply point-to-multipoint (P2MP) radio operation
for SCADA and other data-gathering from remote locations.
➤
Three Ports in One Radio Reduce Costs. Simultaneously
communicates with as many as three independent ports and protocols
via point-to-point radio operation.
➤
Low Latency Enables Fast Control. Transfers control commands
with a typical 4.8 ms latency with SEL MIRRORED BITS®
communications.
➤
Strong Security Thwarts Attackers. Protects critical data and repels
malicious attacks with optional encryption card, using session
authentication and strong 256-bit Advanced Encryption Standard
(AES) technology.
➤
Tough Radio Operates in Extreme Conditions. Is designed, built,
and tested for trouble-free operation in extreme temperature,
electromagnetic interference, shock, and vibration conditions.
➤
No Licensing Reduces Delays and Expenses. Uses the license-free,
900-MHz ISM band for on-time, on-budget projects.
➤
Mounting Options Simplify Installation. Order your SEL-3031 in
one of three different packages: rack-mount, wall-mount, and NEMA
3R prewired radio solution.
SEL-3031 Instruction Manual
Date Code 20181001
Introduction and Overview
Preliminary Copy—SubjectModels,
to Options,
Change
and Accessories
➤
Multiple Protocols Satisfy Interconnection Requirements.
Communicate with industry-standardized byte-oriented protocols,
such as DNP3, Modbus®, SEL MIRRORED BITS communications,
IEEE C37.118 Synchrophasors, SEL Fast Messaging, and SEL
ASCII.
➤
Flexible Serial Port Options Match Integration Needs. Order
serial Port 1 as EIA-232, EIA-485, or optical fiber to easily connect
to your existing devices.
➤
Simple Settings Streamline Radio Commissioning. Use
ACSELERATOR QuickSet® SEL-5030 Software for all settings.
➤
USB Management Port Conveniently Connects to PC. Make
settings changes, verify status information for proper installation, and
verify radio performance without affecting the three serial channels.
1.3
Models, Options, and Accessories
Standard Features
➤
P2P and P2MP operation modes
➤
Three EIA-232 serial ports
➤
IRIG-B time code input
➤
Radio synchronization with collocated radios
➤
Power supply
➢
Wall mount: 9–30 Vdc
➢
Rack mount: 24–48 Vdc, 125/250 Vac or Vdc
➤
ACSELERATOR
➤
Protocol pass-through support
➢
DNP3
➢
Modbus
➢
SEL MIRRORED BITS
➢
SEL Fast Messaging
➢
SEL ASCII
➢
IEEE C37.118 Synchrophasors
QuickSet software
Optional Features
➤
One port EIA-485
➤
One port fiber-optic (SEL-2812 and SEL-9220 compatible)
➤
SEL-3044 Encryption Card
➤
Special frequencies for Brazil
Date Code 20181001
SEL-3031 Instruction Manual
Introduction and Overview
Models, Options, and Accessories
1.4
Preliminary Copy—Subject to Change
Accessories
Table 1.1
Radio Antenna and Cable Accessories
Description
Part Number
Feedline
RG-8X TNC Male to N Male Cable
SEL-C964
RG-8X TNC Male to TNC Male Cable
SEL-C965
LMR®-400 TNC Male to N Male Cable
SEL-C966
LMR-400 TNC Male to TNC Male Cable
SEL-C961
LMR-400 N Male to N Male Cable
SEL-C968
7/8" HELIAX® N Male to N Male Cable
SEL-C978
N Female to TNC Male Adapter
240-1809
Antenna
Low-Profile 3 dBi Gain Omnidirectional, N Female Connector
235-0003
Indoor 8" Vertical, TNC Male Connector
235-0108
5-Element 11.1 dBi Gain Yagi, N Female Connectora
235-0220
3-Element 8.5 dBi Gain Yagi, N Female Connectora
235-0221
11-Element 14.15 dBi Gain Yagi, N Female Connectora
235-0222
Vertical 7.15 dBi Gain Omnidirectional, N Female Connector
235-0232
Vertical 9.15 dBi Gain Omnidirectional, N Female Connector
235-0233
Antenna Mounting
Vertical Omnidirectional Mount for 14" Maximum Diameter
Poles
240-0103
Yagi Mount for 14" Maximum Diameter Poles
240-0104
Mast Mount for Large Omnidirectional Antennas (1.3125"
Maximum Diameter Antenna to 1.25" Maximum Diameter
Mast)
240-0105
Mounting Bracket for Low-Profile Omnidirectional Radio
Antennas
915900494
Surge Protection
Radio Surge Protector With N Male Connectors
200-2004
Comes equipped with pipe-mounting hardware.
SEL-3031 Instruction Manual
Date Code 20181001
Introduction and Overview
Preliminary Copy—SubjectModels,
to Options,
Change
and Accessories
1.5
3-Element 8.5 dBi Gain Yagi, N Female Connector (235-0221)
or
5-Element 11.1 dBi Gain Yagi, N Female Connector (235-0220)
LMR-400 N Male to
N Male Cable (SEL-C968)
RG-8X TNC Male to N Male Cable (SEL-C964)
or
LMR-400 TNC Male to N Male Cable (SEL-C966)
Radio Surge Protector With
N Female Connectors
(200-2004)
Figure 1.3
SEL-3031
Radio Antenna Connections
Date Code 20181001
SEL-3031 Instruction Manual
1.6
0.21
(5.3)
3.00 5.73
(76.2) (145.5)
9.15
(232.4)
18.31
(465.1)
FRONT
1.72
(43.7)
TOP
1.73
(43.9)
SIDE
8.66
(219.7)
FRONT
SIDE
19.00
(482.6)
0.05
(1.27)
Date Code 20181001
LEGEND
in
(mm)
i9163b
Preliminary Copy—Subject to Change
6.40
(162.6)
TOP
Introduction and Overview
Product Diagrams
SEL-3031 Dimensions
6.30
(160)
WALL-MOUNT CHASSIS
Product Diagrams
Figure 1.4
SEL-3031 Instruction Manual
RACK-MOUNT CHASSIS
Introduction and Overview
1.7
i4210b
Preliminary Copy—Subject to Change
Product Diagrams
Figure 1.5
SEL-3031 Rack Mount (Front and Rear)
Date Code 20181001
SEL-3031 Instruction Manual
1.8
Introduction and Overview
Product Diagrams
Preliminary Copy—Subject to Change
Figure 1.6
SEL-3031 Wall Mount (Front and Rear)
SEL-3031 Instruction Manual
Date Code 20181001
Introduction and Overview
Preliminary Copy—Subject to Change
Specifications
1.9
Specifications
Alarm Contact
Compliance
Designed and manufactured under an
ISO 9001 certified quality management
system
UL Listed to U.S. and Canadian safety
standards (File E220228; NRAQ, NRAQ7)
SEP (SEL-3044 encryption card):
FIPS 140-2 Level 2 validated (historical,
pending re-validation). FIPS certificate
#1564 (consolidated certificate no. 0006).
Note that the current FIPS certificate is
marked as historical. SEL is currently
undergoing the FIPS re-validation process
for the SEL-3044 card.
Also see Table 1.2.
Temperature Range
–40° to +85°C per IEC 60068-2-1 and
60068-2-2
Operating Environment
Pollution
Degree:
Relative
Humidity:
5–95%, noncondensing
Rack Mount:
2000 m
43.9 mm x 219.7 mm x
162.6 mm
(1.73 in x 8.66 in x
6.40 in)
43.7 mm x 482.6 mm x
160.0 mm
(1.72 in x 19.00 in x
6.3 in)
Time-Code Input
Port 2, Pins 4 and 6
Format:
Demodulated IRIG-B
Input
Impedance:
333 :
Accuracy:
Date Code 20181001
Operating
Voltage:
250 Vdc or 190 Vac
Dielectric Test
Voltage:
500 Vrms
Continuous
Carry:
6A
Communications
Communications Ports
Data Speed
Without
Encryption
Card:
38400 bps (disables
Port 2), 19200 bps, or
9600 bps
Data Speed With
Encryption
19200 bps (disables
Card:
Port 2) or 9600 bps
EIA-232, EIA-485 (ordering option)
Connector:
9-Pin D-Subminiature
Fiber-Optic Ordering Option
Dimensions
Wall Mount:
(open when energized and passes diagnostics)
Serial Port 1
General
Maximum
Altitude:
Form B Contact
r5 milliseconds
Connectors:
2 ST (Tx and Rx)
Encoding SEL-2812/SEL-9220
Compatible
Wavelength:
850 nm multimode
Typical Tx
Power:
–13 dBm
Min. Rx
Sensitivity:
–29 dBm
Optical
Budget:
16 dB
Compatible
Fiber-Optic
Core
Diameter:
50, 62.5, or 200 Pm
Serial Port 2, 3 Standard EIA-232
Data Speed
Without
Encryption
Card:
19200 bps or 9600 bps
SEL-3031 Instruction Manual
1.10
Introduction and Overview
Specifications
Preliminary Copy—Subject to Change
Data Speed With
Encryption
Card:
9600 bps
Connector:
9-Pin D-Subminiature
Protocols
Modbus, DNP3, SEL MIRRORED BITS
Communications (MB8), ACSELERATOR
QuickSet SEL-5030 Software Support,
SEL ASCII and Compressed ASCII, SEL
Fast Messaging, IEEE C37.118
Synchrophasors
Typical Latency
SEL-3031
MIRRORED BITS: 8.9 ms at 9600 bps
5.6 ms at 19200 bps
4.8 ms at 38400 bps
Standard:
4.9 ms at 9600 bps
4.3 ms at 19200 bps
3.8 ms at 38400 bps
SEL-3031 With SEL-3044 Encryption Card
MIRRORED BITS: 9.7 ms at 9600 bps
7.4 ms at 19200 bps
Standard:
5.7 ms at 9600 bps
5.3 ms at 19200 bps
Frequency Band: 902–928 MHz ISM band
GFSK
Operating Mode: Point-to-Point
RF Connector:
TNC
Power Output:
1 W (30 dBm) to
100 mW (20 dBm)
in steps of 1 dBm
250 kHz
Receiver
Sensitivity:
Wall-Mount
Model:
12/24 Vdc
Low-Voltage
Model:
24/48 Vdc
High-Voltage
Model:
125/250 Vdc
110/240 Vac, 50/60 Hz
Input Voltage Range
Wall-Mount
Model:
9–30 Vdc
Low-Voltage
Model:
18–60 Vdc
High-Voltage
Model:
85–275 Vdc; 85–264 Vac
Power Consumption
Wall Mount:
Rack Mount:
5 W
7 W
Power Consumption With SEL-3044 Card
Wall Mount:
Rack Mount:
6 W
8 W
Communications Equipment Tests
Transmitter
Channel
Bandwidth:
Rated Supply Voltage
Type Tests
Radio
Modulation:
Power Supply
IEEE 1613-2003
Environmental Tests
Enclosure
Protection:
Vibration
Resistance:
IEC 60255-21-1:1988
Class 1 Endurance
Class 2 Response
IEC 60255-21-3:1993
Class 2
Shock
Resistance:
IEC 60255-21-2:1988
Class 1 shock withstand,
bump
Class 2 shock response
Cold:
IEC 60068-2-1:2007
–40°C, 16 hours
–97 dBm, –104 dBm with
ARQ on
Bit Error Rate
(BER):
10–6 at –97 dBm
Distance:
32 km (20 mi), line of
sight
IEC 60529:2001
Error Detection: 32-bit CRC
SEL-3031 Instruction Manual
Date Code 20181001
Introduction and Overview
Preliminary Copy—Subject to Change
Specifications
Damp Heat,
Cyclic:
IEC 60068-2-30:2005
25–55°C, 6 cycles, 95%
relative humidity
Dry Heat:
IEC 60068-2-2:2007
+85°C, 16 hours
Dielectric Strength and Impulse Tests
Dielectric
(HiPot):
IEC 60255-5:2000
IEEE C37.90–2005
Impulse:
IEC 60255-5:2000
0.5 J, 5 kV
RFI and Interference Tests
EMC Immunity
Standard:
IEEE 1613, Class 2
Electrostatic
Discharge:
IEC 61000-4-2:2008
8 kV contact discharge
15 kV air discharge
IEEE C37.90.3–2001
8 kV contact discharge
15 kV air discharge
Radiated RF
Immunity:
IEC 61000-4-3:2008
10 V/m
IEEE C37.90.2–2004
35 V/m
Fast Transient,
Burst
Immunity:
IEC 61000-4-4:2004
4 kV @ 2.5 kHz, and
5.0 kHz for
communications ports,
power supply, alarm
contacts
Surge Withstand IEC 60255-22-1:2007
Capability
2.5 kV common-mode
Immunity:
1 kV differential-mode
IEEE C37.90.1–2002
2.5 kV oscillatory, 4 kV
fast transient for
communications ports,
power supply, alarm
contacts
Conducted RF
Immunity:
IEC 61000-4-6:2008
10 Vrms
Digital Radio
Telephone RF
Immunity:
ENV 50204-1995
Severity Level:
10 V/m at 900 MHz
and 1.89 GHz
Date Code 20181001
1.11
EMC Emissions
Radiated Emissions
FCC Part 15.247; ICES-001; RSS-247
This device complies with Part 15 of the
FCC rules. Operation is subject to the
following two conditions:
1. This device may not cause harmful
interference, and
2. This device must accept any interference
received, including interference that may
cause undesired operation.
FCC Part 15, Class A; ICES-003
Note: This equipment has been tested and
found to comply with the limits for a
Class A digital device, pursuant to Part
15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are
designed to provide reasonable
protection against harmful interference
when the equipment is operated in a
commercial environment.
This equipment generates, uses, and can
radiate radio frequency energy and, if not
installed and used in accordance with the
instruction manual, may cause harmful
interference to radio communications.
Operation of this equipment in a
residential area is likely to cause harmful
interference in which case the user will
be required to correct the interference at
his own expense.
FCC Section 15.21
Users manual for an intentional or
unintentional radiator shall caution the
user that changes or modifications not
expressly approved by the party
responsible for compliance could void
the user’s authority to operate the
equipment.
SEL-3031 Instruction Manual
1.12
Introduction and Overview
Specifications
Preliminary Copy—Subject to Change
Table 1.2
Certifications by Country
Country
Authority
Reference
Part Number
Starts With
USA and
Colombia
FCC
ID: R34SEL-3031
3031
Canada
IC
4468A - SEL3031
3031
Mexico
COFETEL
RCPSCE10 - 0574
3031
Brazil
ANATEL
ID: 2671-11-7001
EAN: (01)07898936514 02 8
30311
SEL-3031 Instruction Manual
Date Code 20181001
Preliminary Copy—Subject to Change
Section 2
Installation
Overview
RF Exposure Notice
RF EXPOSURE The SEL-3031 transmitter module is approved for use only with specific
antenna, cable, and output power configurations that have been tested and
approved for use. Modifications to the SEL-3031, the antenna system, or
to the power output that have not been explicitly specified by the
manufacturer are not permitted and may render the radio non-compliant with
applicable regulatory authorities. The radio equipment described in this manual emits
radio frequency energy. Professional installation is required. The antenna(s) for this
transmitter must not be collocated or operated in conjunction with any other antenna or
transmitter.
CAUTION
Although the power level is low, concentrated energy from a directional antenna may pose a health
hazard. Do not allow users to come closer than 23 cm (9 in) to the antenna when the transmitter is
operating in indoor or outdoor environments in the 900-MHz band.
FCC Part 15 Notice
NOTE: Operation is subject to the following two conditions:
(1) this device may not cause interference, and (2) this
device must accept any interference, including
interference that may cause undesired operation of the
device.
This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for Class A digital
devices, pursuant to FCC Part 15 Rules. These limits are designed to provide
reasonable protection against harmful interference when the equipment is operated in a
commercial environment. This equipment generates, uses, and radiates radio frequency
energy, and if not installed and used in accordance with the instruction manual, may
cause harmful interference to radio communications. Operation of this equipment in a
residential environment is likely to cause harmful interference, in which case the user
will be required to correct the interference at his/her own expense.
Date Code 20181001
SEL-3031 Instruction Manual
2.2
Installation
Overview
Preliminary Copy—Subject to Change
Radio Path
Spread-spectrum radios operating in the 900-MHz ISM band are limited by line-ofsight. Radio line-of-sight is longer than optical line-of-sight because of the bending of
the radio wave toward the surface of the earth. This radio horizon is typically 30
percent longer than the visual horizon. The longer the communications path, the taller
the antennas must be to maintain the line-of-sight.
Obstructions in the line-of-sight will impact the performance of the radio, as the
strongest radio signal is communicated directly along the radio line-of-sight.
The line-of-sight between two antennas is shaped like an ellipse (called the Fresnel
zone). The point exactly halfway between the two antennas is the widest part of the
ellipse, as shown in Figure 2.1. At 900 MHz and 304.8 m (1000 ft) apart, the Fresnel
zone is 4.9 m (16 ft) in diameter. At 32 km (20 mi) apart, it is 51.8 m (170 ft) in
diameter. Anything within the Fresnel zone will obstruct and reduce signal strength and
availability (the ground, buildings, vegetation, etc.). Table 2.1 depicts the maximum
Fresnel zone diameter and path loss for some typical path distances.
Figure 2.1
Fresnel Zone
The formula used to calculate the widest distance of the Fresnel zone is as follows:
b = 17.32 d e 4f
where:
b = radius of the Fresnel zone in meters
d = distance between transmitter and receiver in kilometers
f = frequency transmitted in GHz
SEL-3031 Instruction Manual
Date Code 20181001
Installation
Preliminary Copy—Subject to Change
Overview
Table 2.1
2.3
Fresnel Zone Diameter
900 MHz
Distance Between Antennas
Fresnel Zone Diameter
Freespace Loss (dB)
304.8 m (1000 ft)
4.9 m (16 ft)
81
1.6 km (1 mi)
11.6 m (38 ft)
96
8 km (5 mi)
25.9 m (85 ft)
110
16 km (10 mi)
36.6 m (120 ft)
116
24 km (15 mi)
44.8 m (147 ft)
119
32 km (20 mi)
51.8 m (170 ft)
122
40 km (25 mi)
57.9 m (190 ft)
124
Obstructions in the Fresnel zone may also cause multipath interference because of
reflective or refractive signals that may arrive at the receiver out-of-phase with the
desired signal. The Fresnel zone should be 60 percent clear of obstructions for reliable
radio communications. Large objects outside the Fresnel zone can cause reflections
that may also affect reliable radio operation.
Transmitted Signal
According to FCC and IC, the maximum transmitted power allowed out of an antenna
is 36 dBm EIRP (Equivalent/Effective Isotropically Radiated Power). This is the
amount of equivalent power transmitted equally in all directions using a theoretical
isotropic antenna. EIRP takes into account the power output of the radio, line feed
losses, and the gain of the antenna.
EIRP = SEL-3031 Power Output (dBm) – line-feed loss (dB) + antenna gain (dBi)
NOTE: Antenna/feedline configurations with net gains
(antenna gain minus cable loss) greater than 8.0 dBi must
have their output power limited to 341 mW. After setting
the transmit power, measure the actual power.
Calculate the EIRP so you can set the proper output power on the SEL-3031 to stay in
compliance with FCC and IC regulations; maximum power output from the antenna
must not exceed 36 dBm. The SEL-3031 can transmit as much as 1 W or 30 dBm from
the antenna port. If the calculated EIRP exceeds 36 dBm then you must reduce the power
transmitted by the radio by reducing the transmit power setting TXPWR (see the TXPWR
description in Radio Settings on page 4.12 for more information). The radio is shipped with
TXPWR set to 30 dBm by default and can be reduced to 20 dBm. Look up feedline loss in
Table 2.5. After setting the transmit power, measure the actual power.
Date Code 20181001
SEL-3031 Instruction Manual
2.4
Installation
Overview
Preliminary Copy—Subject to Change
NOTE: This device has been designed to operate with the
antennas listed in Table 2.2, and having a maximum gain
of 14.1 dBi. Antennas not included in this list or having a
gain greater than 14.1 dBi are strictly prohibited for use
with this device. The required antenna impedance is 50
ohms. Antennas having a gain of greater than 6 dB must
use a feedline with enough loss to remain compliant with
the maximum 36 dBm EIRP or reduce the radio
transmitted power accordingly.
For example, if you wanted to design a radio system to achieve a 32-km (20-mi) radio
path and run at the highest allowed transmitted power, one way would be to use the
SEL-3031 with 15.2 m (50 ft) of LMR 400, lightning arrestor, and the 5-Element Yagi
with 11.1 dBi of gain. The radio would transmit 30 dBm, the feedline loss is 1.95 dB,
lightning arrestor loss is 0.15 dB, and the antenna gain is 11.1 dBi. The result would be
39 dBm, which is 3 dBm higher than allowed by the FCC. You must reduce the radio
transmit power setting TXPWR to 27 dBm. This would make your EIRP equal to
36 dBm. After setting the transmit power, measure the actual power.
NOTE: To reduce potential radio interference to other
users, the antenna type and its gain should be so chosen
that the equivalent isotropically radiated power (EIRP) is
not more than that permitted for successful
communication.
Table 2.2
Antennas Permitted for Use With the SEL-3031
Antenna Type
Maximum Allowed Gain
Yagi antenna
14.15 dBi or less
Omnidirectional antenna
9.15 dBi or less
Panel antenna
10.15 dBi or less
Fade Margin
The fade margin determines the allowable signal loss between the transmitter and
receiver. The fade margin is a function of system gains (transmitter power, receiver
sensitivity, and antenna gain) and system losses (free space loss, losses because of the
curvature of the Earth, and coaxial cable loss). Variations in temperature and humidity
of the atmosphere with elevation causes the signals to bend more or bend less, resulting
in fading at the receiver. The longer the path, the more likely deep fades will occur,
requiring a greater fade margin. The formula to calculate free-space loss is shown
below.
Free Space Loss = 92.4 + 20log(f) + 20log(d) dB
where:
f = frequency in GHz
d = distance in km
SEL-3031 Instruction Manual
Date Code 20181001
Installation
Preliminary Copy—Subject to Change
Overview
2.5
Regional conditions also impact the probability of signal fade. Generally, mountainous
terrain is more favorable, while tropical areas and those near large bodies of water are
less favorable. One of the results from a site survey is the fade margin. A fade margin
of 15 dB will yield good radio performance.
Site Survey
A line-of-sight path provides the most reliable transmission in all cases. As the distance
increases the need for a clear path becomes more critical in creating a reliable,
available radio link. If the radio path is short then a path study may not be needed. If
you have a clear line-of-site to the other location without obstructions to the Fresnel
zone (see Radio Path) then a path study is generally not needed. Longer distances may
require a path study, a visual path inspection, and a spectrum analysis of the area to
give a good indication of how high the antenna needs to be and how good the radio link
will be.
Radio Interference
The SEL-3031 shares a frequency spectrum with other services and FCC Part 15
(unlicensed) devices in ITU Region 2 (North, Central, and South America). This radio
should not be used in Chile or Peru because of the regulations defining frequency
allocation. Error-free communications may not be achievable in a given location, and
some level of interference should be expected.
Consider the following points when setting up your system:
➤
Use directional Yagi antennas helps to narrow the radio path and
provide the best path to prevent adjacent interference.
➤
If you suspect interference from a nearby, licensed system (such as a
paging transmitter), it may be helpful to use horizontal polarization
for all of the antennas in the network. Horizontal polarization can
help improve signal availability but will likely increase the path loss.
Horizontal polarization can provide an additional 20 dB of
attenuation to interference because most other services use vertical
polarization in these bands. Figure 2.2 demonstrates antenna
mounting for both vertical and horizontal polarization.
Date Code 20181001
SEL-3031 Instruction Manual
2.6
Installation
Overview
Preliminary Copy—Subject to Change
Vertical Polarization
Figure 2.2
Horizontal Polarization
Antenna Polarization
➤
Multiple SEL-3031 systems can coexist in close proximity with
minimal interference through the use of the built-in synchronism that
allows you to synchronize collocated radios. The radios can be
synchronized to transmit simultaneously to prevent interference from
adjacent radios. See Radio Settings on page 4.12 to learn more about
synchronizing radios.
➤
When constant interference is present in a particular frequency zone,
it may be necessary to “lock out” that zone from the SEL-3031
hopping pattern. The SEL-3031 includes a SKIP setting that removes
interfered frequency zones from its hopping pattern. See Table 4.5 for
more information on the skip zones and information on how to set the
SKIP setting. In the USA, Canada, Colombia, and Mexico, a
maximum of six zones may be skipped, per regulatory agency rules.
Check the regulatory requirements for other countries.
➤
The RF power output for all SEL-3031 radios in your system should
be set to the lowest level necessary for reliable communications. This
decreases the likelihood of causing unnecessary interference to
nearby systems. See Table 2.3 and Table 2.4 for more information on
the different frequency zones.
SEL-3031 Instruction Manual
Date Code 20181001
Installation
Preliminary Copy—Subject to Change
Overview
Table 2.3
30310)
2.7
900-MHz Frequency Skip Zones (Part Numbers Starting With
Zone 1
Zone 2
Zone 3
Zone 4
Zone 5
Zone 6
Zone 7
Zone 8
902.6–
903.8
904.1–
905.3
905.6–
906.8
907.1–
908.3
909.2–
910.4
910.7–
911.9
912.2–
913.4
913.7–
914.9
Zone 9
Zone 10
Zone 11
Zone 12
Zone 13
Zone 14
Zone 15
Zone 16
915.2–
916.4
916.7–
917.9
918.2–
919.4
919.7–
920.9
921.2–
923.0
923.3–
924.5
924.8–
926.0
926.3–
927.5
Table 2.4 900-MHz Frequency Skip Zones for Brazil (Part Numbers Starting
With 30311)
Zone 1
Zone 2
Zone 3
Zone 9
Zone 10
Zone 11
902.6–903.8
904.1–905.3
905.6–906.8
915.2–916.4
916.7–917.9
918.2–919.4
Zone 12
Zone 13
Zone 14
Zone 15
Zone 16
919.7–920.9
921.2–923.0
923.3–924.5
924.8–926.0
926.3–927.5
Feedlines
The feedline used with the antenna is as important as the antenna. Coaxial cables
should have low attenuation and rated for outdoor use. Keep the feedline as short as
possible to minimize signal loss between the radio and antenna. Times Microwave
LMR®-400 or RG-8X A/U coax cables are preferred. If longer lengths or less loss is
desired for the radio link then larger cable such as Andrew HELIAX® can be used.
Table 2.5 lists the signal losses (in dB) for the indicated lengths of each cable type at
900 MHz.
Table 2.5
Length vs. Loss in Coaxial Cables at 900 MHz (Sheet 1 of 2)
3.05 meters
(10 feet)
12.24 meters
(50 feet)
30.48 meters
(100 feet)
91.44 meters
(300 feet)
RG-8X A/U
(SEL-C964)
0.70 dB
3.50 dB
7.0 dB
Unacceptable
Loss
LMR-400
(SEL-C966)
Do not use
1.95 dB
3.90 dB
Unacceptable
Loss
1/2-inch
HELIAX
Do not use
1.15 dB
2.29 dB
6.87 dB
7/8-inch
HELIAX
Do not use
0.64 dB
1.28 dB
3.84 dB
Cable Type
Date Code 20181001
SEL-3031 Instruction Manual
2.8
Installation
Overview
Preliminary Copy—Subject to Change
Table 2.5
Length vs. Loss in Coaxial Cables at 900 MHz (Sheet 2 of 2)
3.05 meters
(10 feet)
12.24 meters
(50 feet)
30.48 meters
(100 feet)
91.44 meters
(300 feet)
1-1/4-inch
HELIAX
Do not use
Do not use
0.95 dB
2.85 dB
1-5/8-inch
HELIAX
Do not use
Do not use
0.80 dB
2.4 dB
Cable Type
Antenna System Ground
Antenna system grounding is not included in the scope of this manual. Please consult a
radio systems engineer or other professional for advice on ground-system design. A
well-designed system will minimize equipment damage and risk of electric shock to
personnel.
Chassis Ground
Connect the grounding terminal labeled GND on the rear panel to a rack frame
ground or main station ground for proper safety and performance. Use 4 mm2
(12 AWG) or heavier wire less than 2 m (6.6 ft) in length for this connection.
The ground connection should be made before the power connections.
Collocated Antenna Systems
Many radio systems today consist of having multiple radios at one location. The
multiple radios are needed for either directed P2P links, multiple data needing to reach
different locations, or for a primary/backup scheme. In these cases, it is desirable to
install the antennas on the same pole or within close proximity to reduce cost.
Installing multiple antennas in close proximity operating on the same frequency band
can cause large amounts of adjacent channel interference. This adjacent interference
can greatly degrade the availability and dependability of each link. Take the example of
two P2P links where two of the antennas are at one location and the links terminate at
two different locations (see Figure 2.3).
SEL-3031 Instruction Manual
Date Code 20181001
Installation
Preliminary Copy—Subject to Change
Overview
Figure 2.3
2.9
Collocated Antennas With Two Radio Links
In this example the radio links generally will work but at the cost of link availability
and dependability. Even though the radio links are using different hop sequences, there
can still be significant levels of adjacent channel interference because of the difference
between the transmitted power on one antenna and the receive power on the adjacent
antenna. For example, Figure 2.3 displays two radio links with collocated antennas at
Location A. If the antenna transmitting from Location A to C is transmitting at 36 dBm
and at the same time the adjacent antenna on Radio A1 is receiving the signal from
Location B at –70dBm, there is a 106 dBm signal difference between the two antennas.
In this situation one will completely overpower the signal or greatly reduce the
availability of the other. When radio transmit and receive timing cannot be coordinated
to remedy this situation you need to either increase the distance separating the
collocated antennas or use higher gain antennas that have narrower beams. The
SEL-3031 has a better way to solve this problem by allowing collocated radios to
synchronize their transmit and receive time slots and hop at exactly the same time. This
will prevent the large signal difference from occurring and the collocated antennas can
be placed within 2.4–3 m (8–10 ft) of each other. This technology is called SEL
Hop-Sync™.
NOTE: If you have two or more synchronized radios and
they lose synchronization the signal can be degraded to a
point of loss of link. For mission critical applications make
sure that the antennas are spaced far enough apart that
if they lose synchronization that they will still operate
with sufficient performance.
The radios are synchronized with one setting in each collocated radio and cabling
between the radios. The radios use Pins 7 and 8 on Port 3 for synchronization. In this
system you need to set each radio as a master. Set one radio to send the sync signal
(SYNC SEND) and set the other radios to receive the sync signal (SYNC RECEIVE).
If you have only two collocated radios you can use an SEL-C273A cable. This cable
will have pins 7 and 8 sent between the radios that are crossed over. If you need to have
more than 2 radios synchronized you will need to use cable SEL-C576. Figure 2.4
Date Code 20181001
SEL-3031 Instruction Manual
2.10
Installation
Overview
Preliminary Copy—Subject to Change
shows an example of how you would connect three collocated radios by using
SEL-C576 cables along with BNC Tee and BNC coaxial cables. The BNC Tee and
coaxial cables allow you to add more radios while utilizing one radio as the master
sync radio (see Section 3: Job Done Examples).
Figure 2.4
Three Collocated Synchronized Radios
Installing Collocated Antennas
SEL Hop-Sync™ technology provides the ability to install multiple radios at one
location and mitigate the interference typically seen from adjacent antenna links. SEL
Hop-Sync technology allows you to place antennas within feet of each other and still
maintain a strong signal link. If the application for using the radios with SEL HopSync technology is for non-critical data and the dependability is low then the antennas
can be placed within 8–10 feet of each other and still provide proper operation.
The failure modes of the SEL Hop-Sync systems vary by application and by how many
antennas are collocated. If you have a system with two collocated antennas using SEL
Hop-Sync technology and one of the radios loses power then the system will still work
properly. In the same condition, if you lose the synchronization cable between the two
radios then they will interfere with each other and the radio signal will be degraded to
the point of loss-of-link depending on the distance between radios. When using the
radios in collocated applications with MIRRORED BITS or other critical
communications, additional setup is needed to validate that if the radios become
unsynchronized the radio links will still operate as expected with an acceptable level of
dependability. Performing the following five steps helps to identify how far apart the
antennas need to be to provide adequate link availability if synchronization is ever lost.
This example follows the configuration shown on Figure 2.4.
Step 1.
Setup the three locations as shown in Figure 2.3 and verify each link
works independently.
Step 2.
Leave the link from Radio A1 to B on and turn the power off on
Radio A2 and C.
SEL-3031 Instruction Manual
Date Code 20181001
Installation
Preliminary Copy—Subject to Change
Overview
Step 3.
2.11
Interrogate Radio A1 and issue the RAD command to retrieve the
RSSI (Receive Signal Strength Indication) value.
NOTE: Always do Step 2 on the link that is either the
longest distance or has the worst RSSI value for the
system.
Step 4.
Turn off the power on Radio B. Turn on the power to ONLY Radio
A1 and A2.
Step 5.
Set the settings in Radio A2 to link with Radio A1. Interrogate Radio
A1 and retrieve the RSSI. The difference between the RSSI value in
Step 3 and Step 5 needs to be equal to or less than 24 dBm.
If the difference is greater than 24 dBm then move the antenna on A2 and repeat
Step 5. If the antenna separation needed to achieve 24 dBm exceeds what is practical
for installation, then try one or all of the items below to improve the adjacent
interference.
You can achieve a higher availability with collocated antennas when unsynchronized
by:
1.
Reduce the transmit power on the collocated radio if the adjacent link
has a much higher signal strength with adequate fade margin.
2.
Change your SKIP settings on one radio so the radio pairs hop at a
farther distance apart on the ISM band (see Radio Settings on
page 4.12).
3.
With two located antennas, polarize one radio opposite of the other.
NOTE: If you have two collocated links aimed to exactly
same location then you should polarize both vertically.
4.
Date Code 20181001
Change out the collocated antennas with higher gain antennas with a
narrower beam and lower side angle profile.
SEL-3031 Instruction Manual
2.12
Installation
Connections
Preliminary Copy—Subject to Change
Connections
Rear-Panel Connections
The physical layout of the SEL-3031 connections is shown in Figure 2.5.
Figure 2.5
Wall-Mount and Rack-Mount Rear Connections
Power Connections
The POWER terminals on the rear panel (labeled +/H and -/N) must connect to the
correct supply voltage. The supply voltage range is located on the serial label. The
wall-mount configuration accepts only 9–30 Vdc. The rack-mount configuration
accepts 24–48 Vdc or 125/250 Vac or Vdc. Check the serial label for power supply
information.
Do not apply power to the SEL-3031 without having a proper 50-: load on the antenna
port. If you do not have the proper 50-: load connected, the radio antenna port will
shut off, the alarm contact will pulse, and the ALARM LED will illuminate. This
functionality protects the radio circuitry and indicates an antenna or cable failure. The
POWER terminals on the rack-mount version are isolated from chassis ground. The
POWER terminals on the wall-mount version are not isolated from chassis ground. Use
2.5 mm2 (14 AWG) size wire to connect to the POWER terminals on the rack mount.
Place an external circuit breaker or switch no more than 3 m (10 ft) from the
equipment. The circuit breaker (or equivalent approved disconnect device appropriate
for the country of installation) must comply with IEC 60947-1 and IEC 60947-3, be
identified as the disconnect device for the equipment, and be located near the
equipment. This disconnect device must interrupt both the hot (+/H) and the neutral
(–/N) power leads. The maximum current rating for the power disconnect circuit
breaker or overcurrent device (fuse) must be 20 A. An internal power supply fuse
protects the operational power supply. Be sure to use fuses that comply with
IEC 60127-2.
SEL-3031 Instruction Manual
Date Code 20181001
Installation
Preliminary Copy—Subject to Change
Connections
2.13
Lightning Protection
WARNING
Atmospheric electrical charge accumulation can cause potential between the conductor and shield
of the feedline, or cause lightning to strike an antenna. A lightning protector should be installed to
prevent damage to equipment or injury to personnel.
Mounting the antenna on an equipment building roof or tower is safest because the
potential rise on the outside of either of these structures will approximately equal the
potential on the inside. A lightning protector (Radio Surge Protector, SEL part number
200-2004) should be used to equalize the difference in potential that can occur between
the center conductor and the shield of the coaxial cable between the antenna and the
radio. The higher the antenna is mounted on a support structure, the greater the
probability of equipment damage resulting from a lightning strike.
In all surge-protector applications, you should mount the surge protector at the building
or enclosure entrance, and ground the surge-protector body. Ground the radio to the
same point as the surge-protector ground to avoid ground-rise-potential damage.
When using the surge protector, order an additional SEL-C964 or SEL-C966 cable and
place this cable between the SEL-3031 and the surge protector. Because the distance
varies from the SEL-3031 to the surge protector, be sure to specify this cable at
approximately the correct length (plus 10 to 20 percent for installation variability).
Grounding (Earthing) Connections
You must connect the ground terminal labeled GND to a rack frame or
switchgear ground for proper safety and performance. Use 2.5 mm2 (14 AWG)
wire less than 2 m (6.6 ft) in length for the ground connection.
Serial Ports
Because all ports (1, 2, and 3) are independent, you can communicate to any
combination simultaneously. All EIA-232 ports accept DB-9 male connectors. The
serial port EIA-485 option for Port 1 is also a DB-9 male connector. If Port 1 is ordered
with the EIA-485 option the product will ship with a DB-9-to-terminal adapter to
easily wire to EIA-485 systems. Port 2 includes the IRIG-B time-code signal input (see
Table 2.8). SEL offers fiber-optic transceivers or fiber-optic port options on Port 1
(SEL-2812 and SEL-9220 compatible fiber-optic) for connecting devices at distances
over 15 meters (50 feet) where copper cable is not appropriate. The SEL-2800 family
of transceivers provides fiber-optic links between devices for electrical isolation and
longer distances, overcoming the limitations of electrical EIA-232 interfaces. Contact
SEL for further information on these products.
Date Code 20181001
SEL-3031 Instruction Manual
2.14
Installation
Connections
Preliminary Copy—Subject to Change
Front-Panel Jumpers
The front panels of the rack- and wall-mount configurations contain two jumpers.
Access to the jumpers is different for each configuration. Note that jumper number 1
(JMP1) is for factory use only and should not be installed.
Wall-Mount Chassis Jumper Access
From the front of the wall-mount configuration, remove the four screws located on the
sides of each corner. Use a Torx® T15 size screwdriver to remove the four screws.
Slide the back cover up and to the back of the unit to reveal the front jumpers. You do
not need to remove the ribbon cable to change jumpers. The jumpers are located to the
left of the USB connector.
Rack-Mount Chassis Jumper Access
From the front of the rack-mount configuration, remove the front panel by loosening
the six screws and removing the front panel. You will find the jumpers to the left of the
USB connection.
Password Jumper
The SEL-3031 contains three levels of passwords to access and set the radio. The
Level 1 password is for read access and the Level 2 password is for write access. The
CAL level password moves from Access Level 2 to Access Level C (see Access
Level C on page 4.19 for more information regarding the Access Level C). The default
passwords that are shipped with the SEL-3031 are shown in Table 2.6. Do not leave
factory-default passwords in the product. See PASSWORD Command on page 4.21 for
more information on setting passwords.
Table 2.6
Default Passwords
Access Level
Password
OTTER
TAIL
CAL
CLARKE
If necessary, you can disable passwords by installing a jumper. Refer to PASSWORD
Command on page 4.21 for information on properly disabling and changing
passwords.
SEL-3031 Instruction Manual
Date Code 20181001
Installation
Preliminary Copy—Subject to Change
Front-Panel Indicators
Table 2.7
2.15
Password Jumper Position
Password Enable/Disable
Jumper Position
JMP2
JMP2
Jumper Installed (Password Disabled)
The jumper installed disables the passwords.
Jumper Removed (Default)
The SEL-3031 ships by default with passwords enabled.
IRIG-B Time-Code Input
The SEL-3031 accepts a demodulated IRIG-B time signal to synchronize the internal
clock with an external time source. IRIG-B is available on Port 2 utilizing Pins 4 and 6
for time communications. The SEL-3031 supports the IRIG-B002 standardized time
format.
Table 2.8
Communications Cables for Time and Communications Connections
EIA-232 Serial Port
Connect to Device
SEL Cable No.
Port 2
IRIG-B BNC with time only
C256
SEL communications processors and computing platform data with IRIG-Ba
C387
IRIG-B only from DB-9 on SEL-2407®
C388
If connecting to an SEL communications processor you must turn the 5V_EN Global setting in
the SEL-3031 to OFF.
Front-Panel Indicators
The SEL-3031 has ten front-panel LED indicators. Table 2.9 further describes these
indicators that display the current status of the radio. The LINK LED indicates when the
SEL-3031 has properly connected to another SEL-3031. The SEC LED deals with the
SEL-3044 Encryption Card. See Appendix B: Firmware Upgrade Instructions for more
information on using this card.
Date Code 20181001
SEL-3031 Instruction Manual
2.16
Installation
Communications
Preliminary Copy—Subject to Change
Table 2.9
Front-Panel Status Indicator LEDs
Label
Color
Description
ENABLE
Green
All self-tests are passing and unit is operational
ALARM
Red
ON: Self-test failure detected
Flashing: Antenna failure
SEC
Green
ON: Encryption card detected and wireless data secured
Flashing: Encryption card detected and in RESET
OFF: No encryption card present or card failed
LINK
Green
Communications link established between master and remote radio
TX 1, 2, 3
Green
Serial data received by the port and transmitted out of the radio
RX 1, 2, 3
Red
Radio data received and transmitting out of serial port
Communications
Serial Ports
Table 2.10 shows the physical interfaces of the SEL-3031. Several options are provided
for Port 1 physical interfaces, including EIA-232, EIA-485, and fiber.
Table 2.10
SEL-3031 Port Description
Port
Communications Interface
Location
Port 1
EIA-232, EIA-485, or fiber
Rear (Port 1 has three ordering options)
Port 2
EIA-232
Rear
Port 3
EIA-232
Rear
USB
USB 1.1
Front (management port)
Serial (EIA-232 and EIA-485)
Use the EIA-232 port for communications distances of d15.2 m (50 ft) in low-noise
environments. Use the optional EIA-485 Port 1 for communications of d 1200 m
(3937 ft) maximum distance (to achieve this performance, ensure proper line
termination at the receiver).
If Port 1 is an EIA-485 connection, there are two types of connections that will work on
multidrop systems. Table 2.11 shows the standard pinout of a recommended four-wire
EIA-485 connection. If your system only works on a two-wire EIA-485 connection,
then you will need to connect Pins 1 and 7 together and Pins 2 and 8 together.
Figure 2.6 shows how to wire this configuration.
SEL-3031 Instruction Manual
Date Code 20181001
Installation
Preliminary Copy—Subject to Change
Communications
Port 1 EIA-485
9-Pin Male
D Subconnector
2-Wire EIA-485
Pin #
TXD+
RXD+
TXD–
RXD–
GND
GND
SHELL
Figure 2.6
2.17
2-Wire EIA-485
Tinned Wires
Data+
DataGND
GND
No Connection
SEL-C693 Cable: Two-Wire EIA-485 Connections
Fiber-Optic Serial Port
Order the fiber-optic option for Port 1 for safety and long-distance communications as
far as 4 km (2.5 mi). The fiber-optic port is an SEL-2812-compatible device that can
connect directly to any SEL-2812-compatible device or SEL-2812 Fiber-Optic
Transceiver, using multimode fiber-optic cable with a core diameter of 50 to 200 Pm.
When working with this device, observe the following safety precautions:
WARNING
➤
Do not look into the fiber (laser) ports/connectors.
➤
Do not look into the end of an optical cable connected to an optical
output.
➤
Do not perform any procedures or adjustments that this instruction
manual does not describe.
➤
During installation, maintenance, or testing of the optical ports, use
only test equipment qualified for Class 1 laser products.
➤
Incorporated components, such as transceivers and laser emitters, are
not user serviceable. Return units to SEL for repair or replacement.
Port Connector and Communications Cables
Figure 2.7 shows the EIA-232 and EIA-485 DB-9 connector pin numbering for the
SEL-3031.
Figure 2.7
EIA-232 and EIA-485 DB-9 Connector Pin Numbers
Date Code 20181001
SEL-3031 Instruction Manual
2.18
Installation
Communications
Preliminary Copy—Subject to Change
Table 2.11 shows the pin function of the serial ports.
Table 2.11
SEL-3031 Port Description
Pin
Port 1
EIA-232
Port 2
EIA-232
Port 3
EIA-232
Port 1
EIA-485
+5 Vdc
+5 Vdc
+5 Vdc
TX+
RXD
RXD
RXD
TX-
TXD
TXD
TXD
N/C
N/C
IRIG+
N/C
N/C
GND
GND
GND
GND
N/C
IRIG–
N/C
N/C
RTS
RTS
SYNC IN
RX+
CTS
CTS
SYNC OUT
RX–
N/C
N/C
N/C
N/C
Cleaning
Use care when cleaning the SEL-3031. Perform the following steps:
Step 1.
Use a mild soap or detergent solution and a damp cloth to clean the
chassis.
Step 2.
Be careful cleaning the front and rear panels because a permanent
plastic sheet covers each panel.
Do not use abrasive materials, polishing compounds, or harsh chemical solvents (such
as xylene or acetone) on any surface.
SEL-3031 Instruction Manual
Date Code 20181001
Installation
Preliminary Copy—Subject to Change
Communications
2.19
Cables
SEL-3031
9-Pin Male
Subminiature "D" Connector
PC Device
9-Pin Female
Subminiature "D" Connector
Pin
Func.
RXD
TXD
GND
RTS
CTS
Pin #
Pin #
ORANGE
RED
BLUE/SHIELD
GREEN
WHITE
Pin
Func.
RXD
TXD
GND
RTS
CTS
NOTE: For best results, limit the cable length to 15 m (~50 ft)
Figure 2.8
SEL-C245A Cable: SEL-3031 to Computer
SEL-3031
9-Pin Male
Subminiature "D" Connector
Pin
Func.
RXD
TXD
GND
RTS
CTS
Pin #
ORANGE
RED
BLUE/SHIELD
GREEN
WHITE
DTE Device
No IRIG
9-Pin Male
Subminiature "D" Connector
Pin #
NOTE: For best results, limit the cable length to 15 m (~50 ft)
Figure 2.9
SEL-C285 Cable: SEL-3031 to DTE Device (SEL Relays)
Date Code 20181001
SEL-3031 Instruction Manual
2.20
Installation
Communications
Preliminary Copy—Subject to Change
SEL-3031
9-Pin Male
Subminiature "D" Connector
Pin #
SEL Communications Processor
With IRIG
9-Pin Male
Subminiature "D" Connector
Pin #
NOTE: For best results, limit the cable length to 15 m (~50 ft)
CAUTION
You must turn off the +5 V on Pin 1 of the SEL-3031 when connecting to a communications processor.
Figure 2.10 SEL-C387 Cable: SEL-3031 to SEL Communications Processor
With IRIG-B
SEL-3031
9-Pin Male
"D" SUB CONNECTOR
DB-9-P
SEL-3031
9-Pin Male
"D" SUB CONNECTOR
DB-9-P
CABLE: 9 Conductor 22 AWG 7/30 Tinned Copper with PVC Jacket
(Shielded: Alpha 1298C or equal; Unshielded: Alpha 1179 or equal)
Pin
Pin
Pin # Func.
Func. Pin #
ORANGE
RXD
RXD
RED
TXD
TXD
BLUE/SHIELD
GND
GND
GREEN
SYNC IN
SYNC IN
WHITE
SYNC OUT
SYNC OUT
SHIELD
NO CONNECTION
SHELL
Figure 2.11
SEL-C273A Cable: SEL-3031 Repeater and Synchronizing Cable
SEL-3031 Instruction Manual
Date Code 20181001
Installation
Preliminary Copy—Subject to Change
Communications
SEL-3031
9-Pin Male
Subminiature "D" Connector
Pin
Func.
+5Vdc
RXD
TXD
GND
Pin #
SYNC IN
GND
SYNC OUT
2.21
DTE Device
9-Pin Female
Subminiature "D" Connector
BROWN
ORANGE
RED
SHIELD
BLUE
BLACK
WHITE
Pin #
Pin
Func.
+5Vdc
RXD
TXD
GND
SYNC IN/OUT
BNC Jack Connectors
CENTER
SHIELD SYNC IN
CENTER
SHIELD SYNC OUT
NOTE: For best results, limit the cable length to 15 m (~50 ft)
Figure 2.12
SEL-C576 Cable: Synchronizing Cable for SEL-3031
USB Interface
The SEL-3031 uses a standard USB Type-B interface for the management port. The
USB interface is used for settings management, initial radio installation, and reporting
data from long-term radio statistics. The management port may be used while the
SEL-3031 is in service without disrupting the radio communications. To use this
interface, plug a USB Type-B cable into the radio and plug the other end into your PC.
This will automatically prompt your PC to install a USB-to-serial driver that creates a
virtual serial port. The virtual serial port needs to be set to 9600 bps, 8 data bits, 1 stop
bit, and no parity to properly communicate with the SEL-3031. This virtual serial port
can now be used with ACSELERATOR QuickSet® SEL-5030 Software to help set and
view settings and obtain report information.
SEL-3031
Figure 2.13
USB Interface
Date Code 20181001
SEL-3031 Instruction Manual
Preliminary Copy—Subject to Change
This page intentionally left blank
Preliminary Copy—Subject to Change
Section 3
Job Done Examples
Overview
This section has four job done examples of how to easily set up the SEL-3031 for
common applications. This section assumes you have established a radio link. If you
are having problems setting up the radio link, refer to Section 2: Installation and
Section 5: Performance Monitoring, Testing, and Troubleshooting for more
information.
This section contains four Job Done examples for the following applications.
➤
High-Speed Teleprotection or Control With MIRRORED BITS
Communications
➤
Using an SEL Information Processor to Collect Relay Status and
Measurements
➤
Setting Up a Point-to-Multipoint Link Using DNP3 SCADA Protocol
➤
Configuring Collocated Antennas Using SEL Hop-Sync Technology
High-Speed Teleprotection or Control With
MIRRORED BITS Communications
SEL-3031
SEL-3031
SEL-351
SEL-2100
SE L-250
Figure 3.1
SEL MIRRORED BITS Connection Example
Date Code 20181001
SEL-3031 Instruction Manual
3.2
Job Done Examples
High-Speed Teleprotection or Control With MIRRORED BITS Communications
Preliminary Copy—Subject to Change
The SEL-3031 can handle as many as three connections of MIRRORED BITS®
simultaneously over one radio link. For this example, there are three MIRRORED BITS
channels over the SEL-3031. This example shows you how to set the radio and set
different end devices to properly use the radio as a MIRRORED BITS link.
SEL-3031 MIRRORED BITS Settings
For Figure 3.2, we set Port 1 on both SEL-3031 devices as a MIRRORED BITS
connections.
On each radio, set the following settings on the Port 1 settings.
Figure 3.2
SEL-3031 Port Settings for MIRRORED BITS Connection
The SEL-3031 makes it very simple to set a MIRRORED BITS connection. Set the
PROTO setting to MB8 to make it a MIRRORED BITS port. The SEL-3031 without an
encryption card has data rate of 9600, 19200, or 38400 bps (8, N, 1). Setting the speed
to 38400 provides the lowest latency at the cost of disabling Port 2. Port 3 can still be
used for data at 9600 or 19200 bps speeds.
On Port 1 on each radio, install an SEL-C285 cable to the IED device. As an
alternative, the SEL-3031 can be ordered with a fiber-optic serial port that works with
SEL-2812 transceivers. If you use the fiber-optic port on the SEL-3031, the IED
connection needs to be an SEL-2812MR Fiber-Optic Transceiver.
SEL-3031 Instruction Manual
Date Code 20181001
Job Done Examples
Preliminary
Copy—Subject
Change
B Communications
High-Speed
Teleprotection or Control With to
3.3
IRRORED ITS
SEL-351, SEL-311, and SEL-700 Series MIRRORED BITS Settings
The required settings for the SEL-351 are shown below. These settings are similar to
all of the SEL-351, SEL-311, and SEL-700 series of relays. To establish a
communications link via the radio, the most critical settings are PROTO, SPEED,
RTSCTS, RXID, and TXID.
=>SHO P 2 
Port 2
PROTO =
SPEED =
RXID =
RMB1PU=
RMB3PU=
RMB5PU=
RMB7PU=
Figure 3.3
MB8A
19200
RTSCTS=
TXID =
RMB1DO=
RMB3DO=
RMB5DO=
RMB7DO=
RBADPU= 60
RXDFLT=XXXXXXXX
RMB2PU- 1
RMB4PU- 1
RMB6PU- 1
RMB8PU- 1
CBADPU= 1000
RMB2DO=
RMB4DO=
RMB6DO=
RMB8DO=
SEL-351 Port Settings for MIRRORED BITS Connection
The SEL-3031 allows you to set Port 1 to 9600, 19200, or 38400 bps (8, N, 1). If the
SEL-3044 Encryption Card is used, the data rate changes to 9600 or 19200 bps
(8, N, 1).
Set PROTO equal to MB8x, where x equals A or B depending on which MIRRORED
BITS channel is used.
NOTE: This setting is slightly different in the SEL-2100 Logic
Processor, SEL-3530 Real-Time Automation Controller
(RTAC), and SEL-321 Relay.
Set SPEED equal to 9600, 19200, or 38400 bps (or 9600/19200 if the encryption card
is installed).
Set RTSCTS (hardware handshaking) to N to disable that option.
Set the RXID equal to one and TXID equal to two at the master end. At the remote end,
set the RXID equal to two and the TXID equal to one. The relays use these addresses to
prevent a relay from receiving messages from a secondary MIRRORED BITS device if
the paths are accidentally connected wrong. The relay only receives messages sent by a
relay with the matching transmit address and vice versa.
To connect the relay to the radio, use an SEL-C285 cable (DB-9 male-to-DB-9 male
straight-through). If complete electrical isolation is desired between the radio and a
relay EIA-232 communications port, use the SEL-2812MR Fiber-Optic Transceiver
and fiber-optic cable to connect the relay to the radio.
Date Code 20181001
SEL-3031 Instruction Manual
3.4
Job Done Examples
High-Speed Teleprotection or Control With MIRRORED BITS Communications
Preliminary Copy—Subject to Change
SEL-400 Series MIRRORED BITS Settings
The required port settings for SEL-400 series relays are shown below. To establish
communication via the radio, the most critical settings are PROTO, MBT, SPEED,
STOPBIT, TXID, RXID, and TXMODE. All other settings are per the application
requirements.
Protocol Selection
PROTO
:= MBA
Communications Settings
MBT
:= N
SPEED
:=19200
STOPBIT := 2
Mirrored Bits Protocol Setting
TX_ID
TXMODE
RMB1DO
RMB3FL
RMB4PU
RMB5DO
RMB7FL
RMB8PU
Figure 3.4
:=
:=
:=
:=
:=
:=
:=
:=
RX_ID
MBNUM
RMB2FL
RMB3PU
RMB4DO
RMB6FL
RMB7PU
RMB8DO
:=
:=
:=
:=
:=
:=
:=
:=
RBADPU
RMB1FL
RMB2PU
RMB3DO
RMB5FL
RMB6PU
RMB7DO
:=
:=
:=
:=
:=
:=
:=
10
CBADPU
RMB1PU
RMB2DO
RMB4FL
RMB5PU
RMB6DO
RMB8FL
:=
:=
:=
:=
:=
:=
:=
20000
SEL-451 Port Settings for MIRRORED BITS Connection
Set PROTO equal to MBx, where x equals A or B depending on which MIRRORED BITS
channel is being used. Set MBT equal to N to disable that option.
Set SPEED equal to 19200 (or 9600 if the encryption card is installed).
Set STOPBIT equal to 2.
NOTE: If you are using the SEL-3044 Encryption Card, you
must change the connected devices’ RMBxPU and
RMBxDO settings = 2 to maintain the same level of
channel security as the standard MB8 protocol. This will
delay operation by one processing interval but will give
you a higher level of channel security.
Set the RXID equal to one and TXID equal to two at the master end. At the remote end,
set the RXID equal to two and the TXID equal to one. The relays use these addresses
so that the master relay only receives messages sent by a relay with the matching
transmit address and vice versa.
Set TXMODE equal to P (Paced).
To connect the relay to the radio, use an SEL-C285 cable (DB-9 male-to-DB-9 male
straight-through). If complete electrical isolation is desired between the radio and
antenna and the EIA-232 communications port of the relay, use the SEL-2812MR
Fiber-Optic Transceiver and fiber-optic cable to connect the relay to the radio.
SEL-3031 Instruction Manual
Date Code 20181001
Job Done Examples
Preliminary
Copy—Subject
Change
B Communications
High-Speed
Teleprotection or Control With to
3.5
IRRORED ITS
SEL-2505 and SEL-2506 Settings
The SEL-2505 and SEL-2506 use control (DIP) switches to set the MIRRORED BITS
connection. For easy installation order the SEL-2505 with the SEL-2812 fiber-optic
option (SEL-2505x6xXX). Use multimode SEL-C808 or SEL-C807 ST terminated
fiber-optic cable to directly connect the SEL-2505 to an SEL-3031 equipped with a
fiber-optic option for Port 1. Other transceiver models can be used as long as the
corresponding SEL-2800 family transceiver is used on both ends.
Figure 3.5
SEL-2505 DIP Switch Settings for MIRRORED BITS Connection
Set the TX_ADD equal to one and set RX_ADD equal to two at the local end. At the
remote end, set the RXID equal to two and the TXID equal to one. The devices use
these addresses so that the master relay only receives messages sent by a relay with the
matching transmit address and vice versa.
Set Switch 9 and 10 equal to MB8/9600, MB8/19200, or MB8/38400 for the
Protocol/Baud setting. If the SEL-3031 contains the SEL-3044 Encryption Card then
the Protocol/Baud setting must be MB8/9600 or MB8/19200.
To connect the SEL-2505 to the radio, use a 62.5 µm multimode SEL-C808 or
SEL-C807 fiber-optic cable. Order these cables equipped with ST® connectors and
your choice of zipcord or waterproof heavy-duty jacketed fibers.
Initial Checkout
An easy way to verify that the relays are communicating is to use the TARget
command, as shown below.
=>TAR ROKA 
LBOKB
CBADB
RBADB
Figure 3.6
ROKB
LBOKA
CBADA
RBADA
ROKA
TAR ROKA Command From an SEL-351
The results shown here are from an SEL-351 Relay. ROKA is asserted, meaning that
the two relays have established MIRRORED BITS communication. For longer-term
channel tests, use the COM report command available in the relay and suggestions
described in Monitoring Radio Performance on page 5.1.
Date Code 20181001
SEL-3031 Instruction Manual
3.6
Job Done Examples
Using an SEL Information Processor to Collect Relay Status and Measurements
Preliminary Copy—Subject to Change
Using an SEL Information Processor to
Collect Relay Status and Measurements
SEL information processors and computing platforms easily collect relay status and
measurement information. SEL information processors include the SEL-3530 RealTime Automation Controller, SEL-2032, SEL-2030, and SEL-2020 Communications
Processors, and ruggedized SEL computers configured as intelligent servers or
gateways. An SEL information processor can be used as a data collection point, port
switch, and to control operations all through one serial port. The SEL-3031 serial
interface allows you to obtain all of this relay information from remote IEDs through
the use of the wireless connection. The example below will show you how to set the
radio, relays, and communications processors to allow the Fast Messaging protocol to
operate over a wireless connection.
SEL-3031
SEL-3031
SEL-351
SEL-2032
SEL-451
Figure 3.7
SEL-3031 Linking Information Processors to Relays
SEL-3031 Settings
The SEL-3031 requires very few inputs for setting up the serial port to the correct
protocol. Figure 3.8 shows the settings needed for Port 1.
SEL-3031 Instruction Manual
Date Code 20181001
Job Done Examples
Preliminary
toStatus
Change
Using an SELCopy—Subject
Information Processor to Collect Relay
and Measurements
Figure 3.8
3.7
SEL-3031 Port 1 Settings for Fast Messaging
The PROTO setting must be set to Standard. The Standard setting is the default for
use on any byte-oriented protocol. The Standard setting is used with connections such
as DNP3, SEL ASCII, Compressed ASCII, Fast Operate, Fast SER, and SEL Fast
Meter with Configuration.
The ARQ setting should be set to Y. This allows data retransmission when an error is
detected. The SPEED setting can be set 9600, 19200, or 38400 bps. If you set it to
38400, it will disable Port 2. Port 3 will still operate at 9600 or 19200 bps. The CTS1
setting should be set to Deasserted. This will deassert the control lines on the
SEL-3031. Some protocols in devices require the control line to be in a high or low
state to permit proper communication. For example, with DNP3, some remote devices
will not reply back to the master until the control line is deasserted. If the control line is
asserted the DNP3 device is told to wait. Again, this setting is based upon how the
vendor implemented flow control in the devices. For most all SEL products this setting
should always be set to Deasserted.
On Port 1 of each radio, install an SEL-C285 cable to the IED. As an alternative, the
SEL-3031 can be ordered with a fiber-optic serial port that works with SEL-2812
transceivers. If you use the fiber port on the SEL-3031, the connection at the IED needs
to be an SEL-2812MR transceiver or compatible built-in port.
Date Code 20181001
SEL-3031 Instruction Manual
3.8
Job Done Examples
Using an SEL Information Processor to Collect Relay Status and Measurements
Preliminary Copy—Subject to Change
SEL-300 Series Settings
The required settings for the SEL-351 are shown in Figure 3.9. These settings are
similar to all of the SEL-351, SEL-311, and SEL-700 series of relays. To establish a
communications link via the radio, the most critical settings are PROTO, SPEED,
BITS, PARITY, STOP, and RTSCTS.
=>>SHO P 2 
Port 2
PROTO = SEL
SPEED = 19200
T_OUT = 10
BITS
AUTO
= 8
= Y
PARITY= N
RTSCTS= N
STOP = 1
FASTOP= Y
=>>
Figure 3.9
SEL-351 Port Settings for Fast Messaging
Set AUTO = Y if you want the relay to send automatic messages to indicate specific
conditions.
Set FASTOP = Y if you want the communications processor to issue control
commands to the relay.
SEL-2032/SEL-2030 Settings
The following steps demonstrate on how to set SEL-2032 to initially connect and
configure an SEL-351 Relay.
Step 1.
Use the SEL-C285 cable to connect one of the SEL-2032 ports; this
example uses Port 2 to Port 1 of the SEL-3031.
Step 2.
Enter Access Level 2 on the SEL-2032 and issue the SET P 2
command to configure Port 2. The SEL-2032 prompts for the type of
device connected to the port.
Step 3.
a.
b.
Enter S for the SEL IED.
Enter Y to autoconfigure the port.
c.
Press the  key to confirm the configuration prompts.
The SEL-2032 establishes communication with the relay;
determines the type of relay, relay ID, and communications
data rate; and determines if the relay is capable of Fast Meter.
d.
Enter Y to save port configuration changes at the final
prompt.
Issue the AUTO 2 command to see what Fast Message features are
supported by the SEL-351S. Figure 3.10 shows an example output for
the AUTO command.
SEL-3031 Instruction Manual
Date Code 20181001
Job Done Examples
Preliminary
toStatus
Change
Using an SELCopy—Subject
Information Processor to Collect Relay
and Measurements
3.9
*>>AUTO 2 
FID: FID=SEL-351S-7-R106-V0-Z003003-D20010110
DEVICE ID: FEEDER 1
BAUD RATE: 19200
OPERATE SUPPORT: Binary (1 Breakers, 16 Remote Bits S-C-P)
LEVEL 1 PASSWORD: OTTER
COMMANDS SUPPORTED:
B 20METER
B 20DEMAND
B 20TARGET
A 20HISTORY
A 20STATUS
A 20EVENT
A 20EVENTS
A 20EVENTL
*>>
Figure 3.10
Example AUTO Command Output
The AUTO command verifies initial configuration is set up. Refer to the SEL-2032
Instruction Manual for more information on setting up Fast Messaging.
Date Code 20181001
SEL-3031 Instruction Manual
3.10
Job Done Examples
Setting Up a Point-to-Multipoint Link Using DNP3 SCADA Protocol
Preliminary Copy—Subject to Change
Setting Up a Point-to-Multipoint Link Using
DNP3 SCADA Protocol
Figure 3.11
SEL-3031 Point-to-Multipoint Example
The SEL-3031 is designed to work in P2P (Point-to-Point) and P2MP (Point-toMultipoint) modes. In P2MP mode Port 1 is the only active port. Port 2 and Port 3 are
disabled in this mode. This example will show how to setup a P2MP radio connection
where there is one radio at the master location connected to an SEL-3530 RTAC and
the other end will be three or more remote radios connected to SEL-651R recloser
controls. The protocol used in this example is DNP3. In P2MP mode, the radio works
with most multidrop addressable protocols, including MODBUS.
The radios set in P2MP mode operate by allowing the master to send information to all
of the remotes. Only the remote that is connected to the IED (SEL-651R) with the
correct SCADA address will respond back to the master. Data will collide if the remote
is not set up correctly where two remotes share the same address or sending unsolicited
data. All remote radios have the ability to transmit data to the master and the protocol
addressing determines which remote should respond to the master.
SEL-3031 Instruction Manual
Date Code 20181001
Job Done Examples
Preliminary Copy—Subject
toUsingChange
Setting Up a Point-to-Multipoint Link
DNP3 SCADA Protocol
3.11
SEL-3031 Settings
The SEL-3031 requires very few settings to set up the radios. This example assumes
the radios have been set up and are currently linked. You should use an SEL-C285
cable to connect the SEL-3031 to the SEL-3530 RTAC and SEL-651R. If you are
having problems setting up the radio link, refer to Section 2: Installation and Section 5:
Performance Monitoring, Testing, and Troubleshooting for more information.
Figure 3.12
Radio Settings for Point-to-Multipoint
In the Radio Settings, the NETARCH setting must be set to P2MP. The P2MP mode
disables Port 2 and Port 3 and allows multiple remote radios to connect to one master.
The MODE setting must be set to MASTER for the radio located at the master location
connected to the RTAC. All of the remote radios must have this setting set as
REMOTE.
The rest of the Radio Settings can be left to default.
NOTE: You must set the TXPWR correctly to stay in
compliance with the FCC and IC with a maximum allowed
36 dBm EIRP transmitted signal. See Transmitted Signal
on page 2.3 for more information.
Date Code 20181001
SEL-3031 Instruction Manual
3.12
Job Done Examples
Setting Up a Point-to-Multipoint Link Using DNP3 SCADA Protocol
Preliminary Copy—Subject to Change
Figure 3.13
Port 1 Settings for Point-to-Multipoint
Figure 3.13 shows the correct settings needed for creating a DNP channel for P2MP.
The PROTO setting should be set to STANDARD. Setting the PROTO to Standard
allows all byte-oriented multidrop protocols to pass through the port. If using
MODBUS then set PROTO to MODBUS.
Leave the ARQ setting to Y. In P2MP mode this allows the message being sent from
the remote to the master to retransmit on error. In P2MP mode this will not allow the
master transmit message to retransmit on error.
The SPEED setting can be set for 9600, 19200, or 38400 bps. It is preferred to set this
to 38400 to take advantage of higher throughput to reduce the overall polling time. If
any of the end devices do not support 38400 then the whole system must be set down to
9600 or 19200 bps.
The CTS State should be set to DEASSERTED by default. Setting to deasserted allows
proper communication with most SEL devices. If the remote device is not responding
to DNP messages then this setting may need to get set to ASSERTED. Most DNP
devices look at the CTS line and will not send the DNP message unless the CTS line is
in an asserted or deasserted state. This setting allows you to set the line high or low to
always give the device permission to transmit.
SEL-3530 RTAC Settings
To properly set the RTAC it is best to review the SEL-3530 manual under Section 4:
DNP3. This section explains how to setup a DNP3 connection.
SEL-3031 Instruction Manual
Date Code 20181001
Job Done Examples
Preliminary Copy—Subject
toUsingChange
Setting Up a Point-to-Multipoint Link
DNP3 SCADA Protocol
Figure 3.14
3.13
SEL-3530 RTAC DNP3 Settings
Once a DNP port is set on the RTAC to a “Client-Multidrop Serial“ a list of settings are
shown in Figure 3.14. One of these devices must be set for each remote SEL-651R on
the system. The Client DNP Address in the example is set to 1000. This is the address
of the RTAC DNP master. All devices set up on the RTAC must be set to communicate
to the same master address. Similarly on the SEL-651R all settings for REPADR
should be set to 1000.
The Server DNP Address is the address of the remote SEL-651R device. Each RTAC
device must have a unique address. The corresponding DNPADR in the SEL-651R
must be set to the same corresponding device.
The Integrity Poll and Class polling should be set such that there is enough time to poll
all remote devices in the allocated time. The more remote devices that are in a system
the longer time is needed for the polling.
The Number of Poll Retries in this example is set to 5. Given the availability of the
radio system will change this setting. If the SEL-3031 has a greater than 95 percent
availability and the ARQ in the radio is turned on then you would not expect to see
many poll retries.
The Baud Rate should be set to 38400 to match the system baud rate. The rest of the
settings are either fixed or you can leave as default.
Date Code 20181001
SEL-3031 Instruction Manual
3.14
Job Done Examples
Setting Up a Point-to-Multipoint Link Using DNP3 SCADA Protocol
Preliminary Copy—Subject to Change
SEL-651R Settings
Figure 3.15
SEL-651R Communications Settings for P2MP
The SEL-651R has a minimum of four settings to get the link up and running. There
are more settings to determine types and mapping of digital and analog data but are not
needed to verify initial operation. This example only demonstrates on how to get the
RTAC communicating to the SEL-651R through the SEL-3031 in P2MP mode.
Figure 3.15 shows the first setting needed in the SEL-651R. The settings are needed in
all remote SEL-651R units communicating to the RTAC. The PROTO needs to be set
to DNP for the current protocol used. The SPEED needs to be set to 38400 to match the
system baud rate. The rest of the settings in this group can be left as default.
Figure 3.16 shows the settings for the DNP port set in the SEL-651R.
SEL-3031 Instruction Manual
Date Code 20181001
Job Done Examples
Preliminary Copy—Subject
toUsingChange
Setting Up a Point-to-Multipoint Link
DNP3 SCADA Protocol
Figure 3.16
3.15
SEL-651R DNP Port Settings for P2MP
The DNPADR is set to 100 in this example. Each remote SEL-651R must be set to a
unique address. This corresponding address must match the RTAC device address
called “Server DNP Address“.
The REPADR is set to 1000 in this example. This is the address the SEL-651R is to
report back to, otherwise called the master address. All remote SEL-651R units should
be set to the same master address. All the other settings can be left as default and are
not needed for initial configuration. If a different type or class of event data is needed,
then more of these settings need to be changed along with settings in the RTAC. This is
not covered under the scope of this example.
Verifying Proper Operation
Once all the settings in the SEL-3031 radios, RTAC, and SEL-651R are set correctly,
the next step is to verify proper operation. Easily check this by looking at the master
SEL-3031 Tx and Rx LEDs on Port 1. If the Tx LED illuminates, and the Rx LED
illuminates shortly after, the link is up and working. If you only see the Tx LED
illuminate and not the Rx LED illuminate you either have a problem with the settings
in the radio, settings problem on the SEL-651R, or you are using the wrong cable. You
can also review the data LED at each remote location. These LEDs will help
troubleshoot the problem. If you do not see the Tx LED on the master radio
illuminating then you are either using the wrong cable or do not have the correct
settings in the RTAC.
Date Code 20181001
SEL-3031 Instruction Manual
3.16
Job Done Examples
Configuring Collocated Antennas Using SEL Hop-Sync Technology
Preliminary Copy—Subject to Change
Configuring Collocated Antennas Using
SEL Hop-Sync Technology
There are radio applications that require multiple links at one location. Using multiple
antennas at one location operating at the same frequency band causes interference
issues with adjacent placed antennas. To improve the dependability when using
collocated antennas the radio comes with SEL Hop-Sync™ technology. SEL Hop-Sync
technology allows you to connect collocated antennas together and synchronizes all the
radios connected so they hop at the exact same time. This greatly reduces adjacent
channel noise and allows each radio to receive data without interference from the
adjacent antennas.
There are three applications where collocated antennas are typically applied.
1.
Setting up a repeater location where two back-to-back radios are
used.
2.
Setting up two links going to and from the same location as a
primary/backup radio installation.
3.
Creating two or more links from a central location going to separate
locations.
This example will show how to set up collocated antennas in a repeater location using
MIRRORED BITS. Once you understand how to setup up collocated antennas
applications 2 and 3 can be easily extrapolated. See Collocated Antenna Systems on
page 2.8 for more information.
Figure 3.17
Setting up Collocated Antennas at a Repeater Location
Figure 3.17 is the connection diagram with the cables and antennas needed for this
application. This example uses two SEL-311C relays communicating MIRRORED BITS
over the radio link. The line of site between location 1 and 2 is obstructed by a hill. A
repeater location is set up to transmit around the hill.
SEL-3031 Instruction Manual
Date Code 20181001
Job Done Examples
Preliminary Copy—Subject
to SELChange
Configuring Collocated Antennas Using
Hop-Sync Technology
3.17
SEL-311C and SEL-3031 Settings at Location 1 and 2
The SEL-311C serial port needs to be set to MB8 MIRRORED BITS protocol. Follow the
job done Example 1 to configure the SEL-311C and the SEL-3031 radios located at
Location 1 and Location 2.
SEL-3031 Settings at Repeater Location
Set the two collocated SEL-3031 radios at the repeater location with settings similar to
the radios at Location 1 and 2. Set the radio at the Repeater location that is
communicating to Location 1 the same as the setting of the SEL-3031 at Location 2.
Do the same for SEL-3031 at the Repeater location communicating to Location 2 set
the same as the SEL-3031 at Location 1. This setup will start as two independent P2P
links. At the repeater location use an SEL-273A cable to connect Port 1 on each radio.
This setup should allow the repeater link to pass information to the next radio and the
relays should be communicating MIRRORED BITS. This link will work adequately if the
repeater antennas are placed far enough apart to prevent the adjacent antenna from
interfering. To improve this link and to allow the antennas to be placed closer you will
need to synchronize the radios.
Synchronizing the Radios at the Repeater Location
To synchronize the system we need to synchronize the radios at the repeater location so
that the collocated radios transmit and receive at the same time. To do this you must
connect an SEL-273A cable between Port 3 of the radios at the repeater location. The
radios will use Pin 7 and Pin 8 in the communications cable to synchronize each other.
The last step to synchronizing radios is to set the SYNC setting in each of the radios at
the repeater location. You must make one radio the master SYNC SEND and the other
a master SYNC RECEIVE.
Date Code 20181001
SEL-3031 Instruction Manual
3.18
Job Done Examples
Configuring Collocated Antennas Using SEL Hop-Sync Technology
Preliminary Copy—Subject to Change
Figure 3.18
SYNC Settings for Master Radio
Figure 3.18 shows the settings for the master radio at the Repeater location. The SYNC
setting for this device must be set to SEND. This tells the radio to generate a pulse to
synchronize connected radios. On the second master radio at the Repeater location you
must set SYNC to RECEIVE.
SEL-3031 Instruction Manual
Date Code 20181001
Preliminary Copy—Subject to Change
Section 4
Settings and Commands
PC Software
QuickSet® SEL-5030 Software is a powerful settings and HMI tool
that aids in setting, applying, and using the SEL-3031 and other SEL devices. This
section describes how to get started with your SEL-3031 and QuickSet.
ACSELERATOR
Table 4.1
ACSELERATOR
QuickSet SEL-5030 Software
Terminal
Provides a direct connection to the SEL device. Use this communications method to interface directly with the device.
Rules-Based Settings
Editor
Provides online or offline device settings that include
interdependency checks. Use this feature to create and
manage settings for multiple devices in a database.
Settings Database
Management
Provides a database to manage multiple device settings.
Help
Provides general QuickSet and device-specific QuickSet context help.
Setup
Follow the steps outlined in Section 2: Installation to prepare the SEL-3031 for use.
Perform the following steps to initiate communications:
Step 1.
Apply power to the SEL-3031.
Step 2.
Connect a USB Type-B cable (SEL-C664) between the management
port of the SEL-3031 and the PC.
Step 3.
Follow the on screen instructions and install the USB driver if not
already installed.
Step 4.
Start QuickSet.
Date Code 20181001
SEL-3031 Instruction Manual
4.2
Settings and Commands
PC Software
Preliminary Copy—Subject to Change
Communications
QuickSet uses the device USB management port to communicate with the SEL-3031.
Perform the following steps to configure QuickSet to communicate effectively with the
device.
Step 1.
Figure 4.1
Click Communications from the QuickSet main menu bar, as shown
in Figure 4.1.
Communications Menu
Step 2.
Select Parameters to display the screen shown in Figure 4.2.
SEL-3031 Instruction Manual
Date Code 20181001
Settings and Commands
Preliminary Copy—Subject to Change
PC Software
Figure 4.2
4.3
Serial Port Communications Parameters
Step 3.
Configure the PC port to Data Speed 9600, Data Bits 8, Stop Bits 1,
and Parity None.
Step 4.
Configure QuickSet to match the SEL-3031 default settings by
entering the Access Level 1 and Access Level 2 passwords in their
respective text boxes.
Step 5.
Exit the menus by clicking OK when finished.
Terminal Window
Select Communications > Terminal on the QuickSet main menu bar to open the
terminal window (shown in Figure 4.3).
Date Code 20181001
SEL-3031 Instruction Manual
4.4
Settings and Commands
PC Software
Preliminary Copy—Subject to Change
Figure 4.3
Terminal Window Menu
The terminal window is an ASCII interface for the device that supports a basic terminal
emulation. Open the terminal window by clicking Communications > Terminal or by
typing . Verify proper communications with the device by opening a
terminal window, pressing  a few times, and verifying that a prompt is
received. If a prompt is not received, verify proper setup.
Drivers and Part Number
After clicking Communications > Terminal, access the device at Access Level 1.
Issue the ID command to receive an identification report, as shown in Figure 4.4.
=>>ID 
"FID=SEL-3031-R100-V0-Z001001-D20091009","08DC"
"BFID=SLBT-3031-R100-V0-Z001000-D20091009","0965"
"CID=25DC8978","034B"
"DEVID=STATION_A","04DB"
"DEVCODE=72","0310"
"PARTNO=30310W01XXX","0538"
"CONFIG=00000000","03E3"
"SPECIAL=0”,”02DE”
=>>
Figure 4.4
Device Response to ID Command
Locate and record the Z-number (Z001001) in the FID string. The first portion of the
Z-number (Z001...) determines the QuickSet device settings driver version when you
are creating or editing device settings files. The Device Editor driver will be discussed
in more detail in Device Editor (Editor Mode). Compare the part number (PARTNO =
3031XXXXXXX) with the Model Option Table (MOT) to ensure correct device
configuration.
SEL-3031 Instruction Manual
Date Code 20181001
Settings and Commands
Preliminary Copy—Subject to ChangeSettings
4.5
Settings
Settings Database Management and Drivers
QuickSet uses a database on the PC to save device settings. QuickSet contains sets of
all settings files for each device specified in the Database Manager. Choose appropriate
storage backup methods and a secure location for storing database files.
Active Database
Change the active database to the one requiring modification by selecting File > Active
Database on the main menu bar.
Database Manager
Select File > Database Manager on the main menu bar to create new databases and
manage records within existing databases.
Settings Database
Step 1.
Open the Database Manager to access the database. Click File >
Database Manager. A dialog box will appear. The default file
already configured in QuickSet is Relay.rdb. This database contains
example settings files for the SEL products with which you can use
QuickSet.
Step 2.
Enter descriptions of the database for each device in the Database
Description and Settings Description dialog boxes.
Step 3.
Enter special operating characteristics that describe the device
settings in the Settings Description dialog box. These can include
radio location and communications settings.
Step 4.
Highlight one of the devices listed in Settings in Database and click
Copy to create a new collection of settings. QuickSet will prompt for
a new name. Be sure to enter a new description in the Settings
Description.
Copy/Move Settings Between Databases
Step 1.
Select Copy/Move Settings Between Databases to create multiple
databases with the Database Manager.
These databases are useful for grouping similar protection schemes or
geographic areas.
Step 2.
Date Code 20181001
Click Open B to open a device database.
SEL-3031 Instruction Manual
4.6
Settings and Commands
Settings
Preliminary Copy—Subject to Change
Step 3.
Type the filename and click Open.
a.
Highlight the device or setting in the A database.
b.
Step 4.
Select Copy or Move, and click the > button to create a new
device or setting in the B database.
Reverse this process to take devices from the B database to the A
database. Copy creates an identical device that appears in both
databases. Move removes the device from one database and places
the device in another database.
Create a New Database/Copy an Existing Database
To create a new database, perform the following:
Step 1.
Open File > Database Manager and click Create New Database.
QuickSet will prompt you for a file name.
Step 2.
Type the new database name (and location if it differs from the
previous database location), and click Save. QuickSet displays the
message Settings [path and file name] was
successfully created.
Step 3.
Click OK.
To copy an existing database of devices to a new database, perform the following:
Step 1.
Open File > Database Manager and click Copy/Move Settings
Between Databases in the Database Manager dialog box. QuickSet
will open the last active database and assign it as Database A.
Step 2.
Click Open B. QuickSet will prompt you for a file location. Type the
new database name, click Open, and click Yes. The program will
then create an empty database. Load devices into the new database as
shown in Copy/Move Settings Between Databases.
Settings
QuickSet allows you to create settings for one or more SEL-3031 devices. Store
existing device settings downloaded from the SEL-3031 by creating a library of
settings, then modify and upload these settings from the library to an SEL-3031.
QuickSet makes setting the device easy and efficient and provides rules-based settings
checks, commissioning, and help.
Settings Editor
The Settings Editor shows device settings in easy-to-understand categories. and makes
setting the device simple and efficient. Settings are grouped logically, and settings that
are not used in the selected group are dimmed (grayed) in the QuickSet menus.
SEL-3031 Instruction Manual
Date Code 20181001
Settings and Commands
Preliminary Copy—Subject to ChangeSettings
4.7
QuickSet shows all of the settings categories in the settings tree view. The settings tree
view remains constant whether settings categories are enabled or disabled. However,
any disabled settings are dimmed when accessed by clicking an item in the tree view.
File Menu
QuickSet uses a database to store and manage SEL device settings. Each unique device
has its own record of settings. Use the File menu to open an existing record, create and
open a new record, read device settings, create an open a new record, or convert and
open an existing record. This record can be opened in the Settings Editor as a Setting
Form (template) or in Editor Mode.
File > New
Select File > New to command new settings files. QuickSet will create the new settings
files from a driver that you specify in the Settings Editor Selection dialog box.
QuickSet uses the Z-number in the FID string to create a particular version of settings.
To get started, select File > New from the main menu bar, then select SEL-3031 and
001 from the Settings Editor Selection window as shown in Figure 4.5.
Figure 4.5
Selection of Drivers
After you select the device model and settings driver, QuickSet will present the Device
Part Number dialog box. Use this dialog box to configure the Device Editor to produce
settings for your device with options determined by the part number, as shown in
Figure 4.6. Click OK when finished.
Date Code 20181001
SEL-3031 Instruction Manual
4.8
Settings and Commands
Settings
Preliminary Copy—Subject to Change
Figure 4.6
Update Part Number
Figure 4.6 shows the Settings Editor screen. View the bottom of the Device Editor
window to verify the Settings Driver number. Compare the QuickSet Settings Driver
number and the first portion of the Z-number in the FID string (this can be found by
selecting Tools > HMI > HMI > Status). These numbers must match. QuickSet uses
the first portion of the Z-number to determine which Device Editor to display.
Figure 4.7
New Setting Screen
File > Open
Select File > Open to open an existing device from the active database folder.
QuickSet prompts for a device to load into the Device Editor.
SEL-3031 Instruction Manual
Date Code 20181001
Settings and Commands
Preliminary Copy—Subject to ChangeSettings
4.9
File > Read
Select File > Read to cause QuickSet to read the device settings from a connected
device. As QuickSet reads the device, a Transfer Status window will appear. QuickSet
uses serial protocols to read settings from SEL devices.
Device Editor (Editor Mode)
Use the Device Editor (Editor Mode) to enter and display settings. Make sure that the
firmware in your radio matches the QuickSet settings driver; the driver version number
in the lower left corner of the Device Editor should be equal to the first three digits
following “Z” in the radio Firmware Identification (FID) string. Use the ID or STA
command to easily view the FID string.
Entering Settings
Step 1.
Click + in the Settings Tree View to expand and select the settings
you want to change.
Step 2.
Click Tab to navigate through the settings, or click on a setting.
Step 3.
Right-click your mouse in the setting dialog box and select Previous
Value to restore the previous value for a setting.
Step 4.
Right-click your mouse in the setting dialog box and select Default
Value to restore the factory-default setting value.
If you enter a setting that is out of range or has an error, QuickSet will show the error at
the bottom of the Settings Editor. Double-click the error listing to go to the setting and
enter a valid input.
Table 4.2
Device Editor Menus
Menus
Description
<< >>
Moves from one category to the next.
Merge
Merges the open record with another record.
Compare
Compares the open record with another record.
Search
Searches for a particular setting.
Part Number
Displays part number.
Sending Settings
Select Save, Send, or Print Device Settings from the File menu of the Device Editor
once settings are entered into QuickSet. This will ensure that your settings are not lost.
Date Code 20181001
SEL-3031 Instruction Manual
4.10
Settings and Commands
Settings
Preliminary Copy—Subject to Change
Options—Part Number
Select Edit > Part Number to change the part number if it was entered incorrectly
during an earlier step.
Text Files
Select Tools > Settings > Import or Tools > Settings > Export on the Device Editor
(Editor Mode) menu bar to import or export settings to or from a text file. Use this
feature to create a small file that can be easily stored or sent electronically.
Meter and Control
Human Machine Interface (HMI)
Select Tools > HMI > HMI to bring up the screen shown in Figure 4.8. The HMI tree
view shows the functions that are available from the HMI. The Meter & Control
window is an easily organized view of real-time data and information stored in the
SEL-3031.
Figure 4.8
Status Screen
The Status screen provides a real-time view of the radio to which it is connected. A
user can see the current status of the SEL-3031 and verify any alarm conditions.
SEL-3031 Instruction Manual
Date Code 20181001
Settings and Commands
Preliminary Copy—Subject to ChangeSettings
4.11
Select the Radio Status screen to view the radio statistics. Included is the RSSI value
that displays the current strength of the receive signal. This will aid in properly aiming
the antenna for maximum signal strength. The “Availability” displays the overall
channel availability of the link. The “Zone Availability” gives the availability of each
of the 10 zones. See Monitoring Radio Performance on page 5.1 for more information
on optimizing the radio link.
Figure 4.9
Radio Strength and Channel Availability
The SER window displays the same information as the ASCII SER commands. The
Control Window allows you to clear the SER, synchronize with IRIG, and set the time
and date.
Global Settings
Under the Global group settings category, set the device and host identifiers settings.
The SEL-3031 displays the Device and Host Identifier strings at the top of the serial
port commands responses, identifying messages from individual devices. Enter as
many as 30 characters, including capital letters A–Z, numbers 0–9, periods, and
dashes. Table 4.3 shows the device and host identifier settings.
Table 4.3
Global Settings (Sheet 1 of 2)
Setting Prompt
Setting Range
Setting Name := Factory Default
Device Identifier
30 characters
DID
Host Identifier
12 characters (no spaces) HID
Date Code 20181001
SEL-3031 Instruction Manual
4.12
Settings and Commands
Settings
Preliminary Copy—Subject to Change
Table 4.3
Global Settings (Sheet 2 of 2)
Setting Prompt
Setting Range
Setting Name := Factory Default
Date Format
MDY, YMD, DMY
DATE_F := MDY
Port Power
ON, OFF
5V_EN := OFF
Date_F allows you to change the device date presentation format to either North
American standard (Month/Day/Year), Engineering standard (Year/Month/Day), or
European standard (Day/Month/Year).
5V_EN enables the +5 V on Pin 1 on every EIA-232 DB-9 serial port. When this
setting is on, all three ports will have +5 Vdc on Pin 1. The entire load on the +5 V
must not exceed 500 mA.
Radio Settings
Table 4.4
Radio Settings
Settings Prompt
Settings Range
Setting Name :=
Factory Default
Network Architecture
P2P, P2MP
NETARCH := P2P
Operation Mode
MASTER, REMOTE
MODE := REMOTE
Network Identification
1–10
NID := 1
Skip Zones (SEL-30310)
1–16, NONE
SKIP := NONE
Skip Zones (SEL-30311 Brazil)
1–3, 9–16, NONE
SKIP := NONE
Transmit Power
20–30 dB
TXPWR := 30
Radio Synchronization
OFF, Send, Receive
SYNC := OFF
Encryption Passphrase
8–80 Characters
KEY := NONE
Radio Address
0–65534
DEVADDR := 1
Address List of Connected
Radios
Comma Separated Sequence
(ex. 1,2,3 or 1–3,14–16)
RADIOLST := 0
Session Use Time-Out
10–600 seconds
SUTIMEO := 30
NETARCH sets the primary operation mode of the radio. P2P is the default mode
which sets the radio to point-to-point mode where there is one master and one remote.
In this mode all three serial ports can be used. In P2MP (point-to-multipoint) mode
there can be one master and multiple remote radios. P2MP mode only uses Port 1 and
disables Ports 2 and 3.
SEL-3031 Instruction Manual
Date Code 20181001
Settings and Commands
Preliminary Copy—Subject to ChangeSettings
4.13
MODE sets the operating mode of the radio. The radio is set to REMOTE by default.
In P2P mode one radio must be set as MASTER and the other must be set to REMOTE.
In P2MP mode the master is located at the data collection point and all other radios in
the system set to REMOTE. In P2MP mode the master transmits to all the remote
radios, and only one remote can respond to the master.
NID sets the network address of the radio network. All radios in the same network
must be set to the same NID with the same SKIP zones to properly link and
communicate. If more than one radio network exists then each network must be set to a
different NID.
SKIP determines which of the 16 frequency zones to skip in the SEL-3031 hopping
sequence. The SEL-30310 will operate on any10 of the 16 zones. The default setting is
NONE. The SEL-30310 must use a minimum of 10 zones, a setting of NONE will
force the radio automatically SKIP zones 11–16. The SEL-30311 for Brazil will
operate on any 10 of the 11 Zones 1–3 and 9–16. A setting of NONE will force the
SEL-30311 to automatically SKIP zone 16. The SKIP setting can contain as many as
six comma-delimited zones from Table 4.5 or Table 4.6. Each zone entered in this
setting will set the SEL-3031 to skip that particular zone in the hopping table. This
setting can help increase the availability of the radio and avoid areas of interference.
Table 4.5
SKIP Zone Frequencies (SEL-30310)
Zone 1
Zone 2
Zone 3
Zone 4
Zone 5
Zone 6
Zone 7
Zone 8
902.6–
903.8
904.1–
905.3
905.6–
906.8
907.1–
908.3
909.2–
910.4
910.7–
911.9
912.2–
913.4
913.7–
914.9
Zone 9
Zone 10
Zone 11
Zone 12
Zone 13
Zone 14
Zone 15
Zone 16
915.2–
916.4
916.7–
917.9
918.2–
919.4
919.7–
920.9
921.2–
923.0
923.3–
924.5
924.8–
926.0
926.3–
927.5
Table 4.6
SKIP Zone Frequencies (SEL-30311 Brazil)
Zone 1
Zone 2
Zone 3
Zone 9
Zone 10
Zone 11
902.6–903.8
904.1–905.3
905.6–906.8
915.2–916.4
916.7–917.9
918.2–919.4
Zone 12
Zone 13
Zone 14
Zone 15
Zone 16
919.7–920.9
921.2–923.0
923.3–924.5
924.8–926.0
926.3–927.5
The SEL-3031 has radio statistics to help set the SKIP setting if the availability of the
radio is less than desired. To determine which frequency zones to skip, issue a
RADio C command and let the radios run for a period of time. You will get better
availability results the longer you let the radio run linked. Issue the RADio command
to view the availability of each frequency zone. In the radio report identify the
frequency zones with the lowest availability and enter these zones via the SKIP setting.
If the radio zone availability is within 1 to 2 percent of each other, no SKIP setting
changes are needed. The SKIP setting is for avoiding noisy occupied zones not from
multipath effects that are seen by all zones. If the availability is below what is desired,
Date Code 20181001
SEL-3031 Instruction Manual
4.14
Settings and Commands
Settings
Preliminary Copy—Subject to Change
it may be because of obstacles in the way or improper antenna alignment. Issue another
RADio C command and let the SEL-3031 run for another day then verify that the
availability has increased. See Section 5: Performance Monitoring, Testing,
and Troubleshooting for more information on how to use the SKIP setting.
TXPWR sets the transmitted power of the SEL-3031. The available range is
20–30 dBm (1 W). The radio transmit power is set in 1 dBm increments. The radio is
shipped with a factory-default setting of 30 dBm. This setting must be used to reduce
the power output if the total effective isotropically radiated power (EIRP) exceeds
36 dBm. See Transmitted Signal on page 2.3 for more information on how to calculate
and configure the maximum power output.
In the United States and Canada, the FCC and IC regulate the amount of power a radio
can radiate with EIRP. The EIRP limit of radiation is 36 dBm. This value includes the
power of the transmitter, cable losses, and antenna gain. If you exceed the allowed
36 dBm, you must lower the transmitted power of the radio by using the TXPWR
setting, and then measure the actual power.
See Transmitted Signal on page 2.3 for more information on determining and properly
setting the TXPWR setting.
SYNC is used when more than one radio network exists with collocated antennas. The
SYNC setting allows you to connect two or more radios together, enabling the radios to
synchronize their hop sequences through the use of SEL Hop-Sync technology. SEL
Hop-Sync technology synchronizes the hop sequence giving a much higher radio
availability and dependability by removing adjacent antenna interference. The
synchronizing allows you to install multiple antennas on the same pole and greatly
reduce adjacent noise interference.
For all the collocated radios the MODE setting needs to be set as MASTER. One of the
MASTER radios you set the SYNC to SEND and all of the other MASTER radios you
set the SYNC to RECEIVE. You do not need to set the SYNC for the radios on the
other end of the link. You only need to set the SYNC setting for the collocated radios.
See Collocated Antenna Systems on page 2.8 for more information on properly cabling
and using SEL Hop-Sync technology. For SEL Hop-Sync technology to properly work,
each radio at the collocated site must have the SYNC settings set correctly and a cable
on Port 3 connecting all the collocated radios.
The KEY setting is only available if the product contains an SEL-3044 Encryption
Card. The KEY setting is a passphrase that is used to generate an encryption key. The
acceptable range is from 8 to 80 characters. All printable characters are accepted. If
you have an encryption card, this value must be set to enable the secure wireless
connection. If MODE equals P2MP then the DEVADDR and RADIOLST must be set
with the KEY setting to allow a master to talk to multiple remotes. If MODE is set to
P2P then only the KEY setting is needed. When the SEL-3031 is shipped with the
encryption card, or added in the field, it is by default shipped in reset mode. The SEC
LED on the front panel will flash green to show this state. The KEY setting must be set
to activate the encryption card. The SEL-3031 radios will not transmit data until the
SEL-3044 is set properly. The SEC LED will illuminate green when the KEY setting is
SEL-3031 Instruction Manual
Date Code 20181001
Settings and Commands
Preliminary Copy—Subject to ChangeSettings
4.15
correctly set. The green SEC LED indicates data being set through the radio link is
secured. Once the KEY setting is configured the setting can never be read back,
viewed, or saved with QuickSet.
To encrypt a radio link, both radios must contain an SEL-3044 and the KEY settings
must be set to the same value. See Appendix B: Firmware Upgrade Instructions for
more information on the SEL-3044 Encryption Card. The DEVADDR and RADIOLST
settings are only available if the product contains an SEL-3044 Encryption Card and
the network architecture is point-to-multipoint (NETARCH = P2MP). The DEVADDR
Radio Address must be a unique address from 0 to 65534. Every radio on the same
network must be set to a different address. The RADIOLST is the address list of
allowed connected radios. Each radio will only accept communications from radios
that have the device address in the radio list. All remote radios shall have the address of
the Master radio address DEVADDR. The master radio needs a list of all the remote
addresses it is allowed to communicate with. You can only have one master in a P2MP
network and as many as 20 remotes with the Encryption Card. Adding a second master
will stop all communications.
The SUTIMEO (session use time-out) setting is only available when the SEL-3044
Encryption Card is present, NETARCH = P2MP, and MODE = MASTER. The
SUTIMEO setting is used to set the maximum time the master must wait before talking
with each remote in the RADIOLST setting. This setting must be set to the maximum
time it will take for a SCADA master to poll all of the remote devices. Once this time is
exceeded the master radio will attempt to reconnect to the remote while discarding all
incoming SCADA data. This out-of-band messaging will take around 100 ms per lost
device but will repeat every time the SUTIMEO expires. This timer resets each time a
master receives a successful packet from the remote. If you no longer plan to
communicate with a remote you should remove the device from the DEVADDR. The
SUTIMEO will also set the maximum time before the master radio will recognize a
new remote device added to the network. If you add a radio to an existing network, it
will take as long as the SUTIMEO time before the master recognizes and authenticates
the new remote.
NOTE: Do not include any addresses of radios that are not
actively being used in the network. This will slow down
the network with out-of-band messaging.
Port Settings
The SEL-3031 settings allow you to configure the parameters for each of the three
communications ports. The SEL-3031 comes standard with three EIA-232 ports. In
P2P mode all three serial ports are active. In P2MP mode only Port 1 is active, Port 2
and 3 are disabled. Port 1 can be ordered as an EIA-232, EIA-485, or serial fiber-optic
port. Table 4.7 shows the port settings ranges and default settings for Port 1, Port 2, and
Port 3.
Date Code 20181001
SEL-3031 Instruction Manual
4.16
Settings and Commands
Settings
Preliminary Copy—Subject to Change
The protocol setting defines the type of data that will be passing through the serial port.
This setting automatically sets parameters in the radio to optimize best performance. In
P2P mode, any of the three serial ports may be set to any of the protocols. Ports 2 and 3
are always EIA-232 ports. For example, you have three ports of MIRRORED BITS®
(MB8), or any combination or MB8, MODBUS, and STANDARD.
Table 4.7
Port Settings
Settings Prompt
Settings Range
Setting Name := Factory
Default
Protocol
STANDARD, MB8, MODBUS
PROTO := STANDARD
ARQ
Automatic Repeat Request
ARQ:=Y
SPEED
9600, 19200, 38400 (9600,
19200 with Encryption Card)
SPEED=19200 (9600 with
Encryption Card)
CTS State
Asserted, Deasserted
CTS := DEASSERTED
Echo
ON, OFF
ECHO := OFF
PROTO sets the intended protocol used to communicate through the radio ports. Set to
STANDARD for all byte-oriented protocols such as DNP3, ASCII, Synchrophasors, or
file transfer. This is the default setting for PROTO and should be used unless you are
using MIRRORED BITS or MODBUS. Set PROTO to MB8 to work with SEL
MIRRORED BITS devices (P2P mode only). The SEL-3031 only supports MB8
MIRRORED BITS protocol in P2P mode. MIRRORED BITS MB8 is not supported when
operating in point-to-multipoint (P2MP) mode. See Section 3: Job Done Examples for
more information on setting up MIRRORED BITS. Set PROTO to MODBUS when used
with Modbus protocol. MODBUS has strict character spacing rules that warrant the
specific setting to properly transport the protocol. When using MODBUS in P2P or
P2MP the PROTO settings must be set to MODBUS and the connected devices must
be set to 8 data bits, no parity, and 1 stop bit.
ARQ (Automatic Repeat Request) sets the radio to repeat any radio packets that fail
the data packet error checking or do not arrive at the other radio. ARQ is available
when the PROTO setting is set to Standard or MODBUS. ARQ is disabled when
PROTO is set to MB8. ARQ by default is set to Y. This setting should always be set to
Y unless you use a protocol where time-sensitive data are necessary in an application
where dropping delayed packets is preferred. In P2P mode, ARQ will repeat failed data
packets traveling in both directions. In P2MP mode, only data transferring from the
remote to the master will repeat upon error.
SEL-3031 Instruction Manual
Date Code 20181001
Settings and Commands
Preliminary Copy—Subject to Change
Commands
Table 4.8
4.17
Fixed Port Settings
Port Setting
Fixed Port Settings
Fixed Port Settings With
SEL-3044 Card
Data Rate (Port 2 and 3)
settable
9600 bps
Data Bits
Parity
None
None
Stop Bit
RTS/CTS Flow Control
Off
Off
Ports 2 and 3 are fixed at 9600 bps with the SEL-3044 Encryption Card. The default
setting for SPEED is 19200, or 9600 bps with the Encryption Card. If the radio is in
P2P mode and the Port 1 SPEED is set to 38400 then Port 2 will be disabled. In P2MP
mode only Port 1 is enabled and a setting of 9600, 19200, or 38400 bps (9600 or 19200
with the SEL-3044 Encryption Card) is allowed.
The CTS setting is used to set the state of the CTS (Pin 7) line on each of the ports. In
most cases this setting should be set to deasserted. Most SEL devices require CTS
deasserted for them to respond to DNP requests. The SEL-3031 does not support
hardware flow control. It will only assert or deassert the CTS line to signal connected
equipment to continue communication. If radio synchronization is enabled, SYNC z
OFF, then Port 3 CTS setting is disabled.
The ECHO setting is only enabled when Port 1 is ordered as an EIA-485 device. This
setting is used to set up a two-wire versus four-wire EIA-485 connection. The default
ECHO setting is set to ON, which works with four-wire EIA-485 applications. For
two-wire operation, the ECHO setting must be set to OFF, and Pins 1 and 7 and Pins 2
and 8 must be connected together (see Table 2.11).
Commands
Access Levels
Issue commands to an SEL-3031 serial port to view or change device settings or
retrieve information. For security, these commands are available on different passwordprotected access levels. Throughout this section each command description indicates
the access level at which the command is available. There are four access levels in the
device, offering varying levels of control.
➤
Access Level 0 commands are the lowest security level. Access
Level 0 commands support minimum identification.
➤
Access Level 1 commands are for reviewing information only
(e.g., status) and not for making any changes.
Date Code 20181001
SEL-3031 Instruction Manual
4.18
Settings and Commands
Commands
Preliminary Copy—Subject to Change
➤
Access Level 2 commands are for changing device settings.
➤
Access Level C (restricted access level—should be used under
direction of SEL only).
Go to Communications on page 4.2 for instructions on connecting to the SEL-3031
through the USB interface.
The virtual serial interface created from the USB port must be set to 9600 bps, 8 data
bits, 1 stop bit, and no parity to communicate to the SEL-3031.
Access Level 0
Once serial port communication is established with the SEL-3031, press  and
you should see the following prompt:
NOTE: If you don't get the = prompt, then refer back to
Communications on page 4.2 to properly connect to the
SEL-3031.
This is referred to as Access Level 0. Only a few commands are available at this level.
One is the ACC command.
Enter ACC at the Access Level 0 prompt:
=ACC 
The ACC command takes the SEL-3031 to Access Level 1.
Access Level 1
When the SEL-3031 is in Access Level 1, the device sends the following prompt:
=>
From Access Level 1, use the 2AC command to go to Access Level 2.
Enter 2AC at the Access Level 1 prompt:
=>2AC 
SEL-3031 Instruction Manual
Date Code 20181001
Settings and Commands
Preliminary Copy—Subject to Change
Commands
4.19
Access Level 2
When the device is in Access Level 2, the SEL-3031 sends the following prompt:
=>>
All of the Access Level 1 commands are available in Access Level 2. The SEL-3031
responds with Invalid Access Level when a command is entered from an access
level lower than the required level for the command. The device responds with
Invalid Command to commands that are not available or are entered incorrectly.
Access Level C
The CAL access level is used exclusively by the SEL factory and SEL field service
personnel to diagnose troublesome installations. A list of commands available at the
CAL level is available from SEL upon request. Do not enter the CAL access level
except as directed by SEL.
The CAL command allows the device to go to Access Level C . Enter the CAL
command at the Access Level 2 prompt:
=>>CAL 
ASCII Commands
The SEL-3031 includes ASCII commands and settings to properly set the SEL-3031.
QuickSet provides a user-friendly interface to set the SEL-3031, but either interface
can be used to set the product.
DATE Command
Use the DATE command to view and set the date, as shown in Table 4.9.
Table 4.9
DATE Command
Command
Description
Access Level
DAT
Displays the internal clock date.
DAT date
Sets the internal clock date (DATE_F set to MDY,
YMD, or DMY).
The device can overwrite the date entered with other time sources, such as IRIG. Enter
DATE to set the internal clock date. Separate the month, day, and year parameters with
slashes. Set the year in four-digit format (for dates 2000–2099).
Date Code 20181001
SEL-3031 Instruction Manual
Settings and Commands
Commands
4.20
Preliminary Copy—Subject to Change
IDENTIFICATION Command
The ID command extracts device identification codes, as shown in Table 4.10. The ID
command is only available as a compressed (comma-delimited) command.
Table 4.10
ID Command
Command
Description
Access Level
ID
Returns a list of device identification codes, as shown
below:
=ID 
"FID=SEL-3031-R100-V0-Z001001-D20091009","08D2"
"BFID=SLBT-3031-X307-V0-Z000000-D20091009","0974"
"CID=2B957901","0330"
"DEVID=RADIO 1","03D9"
"DEVCODE=72","0310"
"PARTNO=30310W01XXX","0538"
"CONFIG=00000000","03E3"
"SPECIAL=0","02DE"
IRIG Command
Use the IRI command to read the demodulated IRIG-B time code at the management
port or IRIG-B input, and to force immediate synchronization of the internal clock with
the IRIG-B signal (see Table 4.11). If an IRIG-B signal is present at serial Port 2, the
device will automatically synchronize the internal clock with the IRIG-B signal in a
time period not exceeding one minute. It is not necessary to issue the IRI command for
this automatic synchronization. If you are testing the device and do not want to wait for
the one-minute synchronization, issue the IRI command to force the device to
synchronize immediately with the IRIG-B signal. You can also use the IRI command
to determine whether the device is properly reading the IRIG-B signal.
Table 4.11
IRIG Command
Command
Description
Access Level
IRI
Forces synchronization of internal control clock to
IRIG-B time-code input.
To force the device to synchronize to IRIG-B, enter the following command:
=>IRI 
If the device successfully synchronizes to IRIG-B, it will send the following header
and access level prompt:
SEL-3031
DEVICE
=>
SEL-3031 Instruction Manual
Date: 04/12/2005
Time: 15:41:29
Date Code 20181001
Settings and Commands
Preliminary Copy—Subject to Change
Commands
4.21
If no IRIG-B code is present at the serial port input, or if the code cannot be read
successfully, the device will respond as follows:
IRIG-B DATA ERROR
=>
L_D Command
Use L_D to load firmware, as shown in Table 4.12. See Appendix A: Firmware and
Manual Versions for information on firmware and instruction manual changes.
Table 4.12
L_D Command
Command
Description
Access Level
L_D
Downloads firmware to the device.
PASSWORD Command
Use PAS to view or change existing passwords, as shown in Table 4.13 and Table 4.14.
Table 4.13
PAS Command
Command
Description
Access Level
PAS level new passwords
Sets a password for new password for
Access Level level.a
Parameter level represents the device Access Levels 1 or 2.
WARNING
This device is shipped with default passwords. Default passwords should be changed to private
passwords at installation. Failure to change each default password to a private password may allow
unauthorized access. SEL shall not be responsible for any damage resulting from unauthorized
access.
Table 4.14
Factory-Default Passwords
Access Level
Password
OTTER
TAIL
CAL
CLARKE
To change the password for Access Level 2 from the default password TAIL to new
password Ot3579, enter the following:
=>>PAS 2 
Old PW:? ****  (Enter TAIL)
New PW:? *******  (Enter Ot3579)
Confirm PW:? *******  (Enter Ot3579)
Date Code 20181001
SEL-3031 Instruction Manual
4.22
Settings and Commands
Commands
Preliminary Copy—Subject to Change
Password Changed
CAUTION: This password can be strengthened. Strong passwords do not include a name, date,
acronym, or word. They consist of the maximum allowable characters, with at least one special
character, number, lower-case letter, and upper-case letter. A change in password is
recommended.
=>>
Similarly, use PAS 1 to change Access Level 1 passwords. Passwords can contain as
many as 12 characters. Uppercase and lowercase letters are considered different
characters. Strong passwords have 12 characters with at least one special character or
digit and mixed-case sensitivity, and do not form a name, date, acronym, or word.
Passwords formed in this manner are less susceptible to password guessing and
automated attacks. Examples of valid, distinct, strong passwords are shown below.
➤
#Ot3579!ljd7
➤
$A24.68&,mvj
➤
(Ih2dcs)36dn
➤
*4u-Iwg+?lf-
Table 4.15
Valid Password Characters
Alpha
ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ
abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz
Numeric
0123456789
Special
!“#$%&‘()*+,-./:;,=.?@[\]^_‘{|}~
If you forget your password, you can reissue a new password by following these steps:
Step 1.
In accordance with the appropriate safety regulations, turn off the
device, and see Front-Panel Jumpers on page 2.14 for instructions on
accessing the jumpers.
Step 2.
Go to Table 2.7 to locate Jumper 2 and short the jumper as shown.
Step 3.
Go to the appropriate access level and issue PAS x (x = 1 or 2) to
enter a new password.
Step 4.
In accordance with the appropriate safety regulations, turn off the
device and remove Jumper 2 to activate the password function.
Step 5.
Replace the front-panel cover and turn on the device.
SEL-3031 Instruction Manual
Date Code 20181001
Settings and Commands
Preliminary Copy—Subject to Change
Commands
4.23
QUIT Command
Use QUIT to revert to Access Level 0 from either Access Level 1 or Access Level 2,
as shown in Table 4.16.
Table 4.16
QUIT Command
Command
Description
Access Level
QUI
Sends you to Access Level 0.
Access Level 0 is the lowest access level; your SEL-3031 does not require a password
check to descend to this level (or to remain at this level).
RADIO Command
The RAD command is for viewing statistics and data on the radio link, as shown in
Table 4.17. The RAD command provides two important types of information.
➤
RSSI = Receive Signal Strength Indicator. The RSSI shows the
current strength of the receive signal from the radio. This command
helps you to refine antenna positioning. The RSSI is reported in dBm
and updates every time the RAD command is issued. The RSSI is
calculated from the latest 50 frequency hops averaged over time.
RSSI is very useful for optimizing performance on directional
antennas and monitoring signal strength.
➤
Availability. The radio automatically calculates the availability of the
overall radio link and the availability of each hopping frequency. The
availability is calculated by measuring the number of good radio
frames received per the number of radio frames expected. The
Overall is the tallied availability of each of the frequency zones used
in the current hopping table. This number is valuable for measuring
overall radio availability. The SEL-3031 also calculates the
availability of each zone used in the current hopping table. The radio
zones displayed in the RAD command are based on the SKIP setting.
See Table 4.5 for more information on Skip Zones. See Section 5:
Performance Monitoring, Testing, and Troubleshooting for more
information on using the availability to set the SKIP setting for
improved radio performance. The master radio in P2MP mode will
only calculate availability on received packets.
Table 4.17
RAD Command
Command
Description
Access Level
RAD
View radio statistics
RAD C
Clear radio statistics
Date Code 20181001
SEL-3031 Instruction Manual
4.24
Settings and Commands
Commands
Preliminary Copy—Subject to Change
12345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890
[Common Header]
RSSI
-69 dBm
AVAILABILITY:
From 10/02/2009 17:33:21
Overall
100.00 %
Zone 1
100.00 %
Zone 2
100.00 %
Zone 3
100.00 %
Zone 4
100.00 %
Zone 5
100.00 %
Zone 6
100.00 %
Zone 7
100.00 %
Zone 8
100.00 %
Zone 9
100.00 %
Zone 10
100.00 %
Figure 4.10
RAD Command Response
SER Command
Use SER to view and manage the Sequential Events Recorder report, as shown in
Table 4.18.
Table 4.18
SER Command
Command
Description
Access Level
SER
Displays a chronological progression of all available SER rows (as many as 1024 rows); Row 1 is
the most recent and Row 1024 is the oldest.
SER row 1
Displays a chronological or reverse chronological
SER row 1 row 2 subset of the SER rows.
SER date 1
SER date 1 date 2
SER C
Clears/resets all SER records.
If the requested SER report rows do not exist, the device will respond with the
following:
NO SER data
SET Command
The SET command is for viewing or changing device settings, as shown in Table 4.19.
Append TERSE to skip the settings display after the last setting. Use this parameter to
speed up the SET command. If you want to review the settings before saving, do not
use the TERSE option.
SEL-3031 Instruction Manual
Date Code 20181001
Settings and Commands
Preliminary Copy—Subject to Change
Commands
Table 4.19
SET Command (Change Settings)
Command
Description
Access Level
SET G sa
Set Global settings
SET R s
Set Radio settings
SET P s
Set serial Port settings
4.25
s = specific setting name.
Append the specific setting name you want to change in the SET command to
immediately jump to the setting. If s is not entered, the device starts at the first setting.
For example, to directly jump to the TXPWR setting in the Radio setting category,
enter SET R TXPWR . This will take you directly to the TXPWR setting.
If you want to set all of the Radio settings, issue the SET R command and it will start
at the beginning of the settings list. Enter the desired setting value or press  to
accept the existing setting, as shown in Table 4.20.
Table 4.20
SET Command Editing Keystrokes
Press Key
Results

Retains the setting and moves to the next setting.
^
Returns to the previous setting.
< 
Returns to the previous setting category.
> 
Moves to the next setting category.
END 
Exits the editing session, then prompts you to save the settings.

Aborts the editing session without saving changes.
The device checks each setting to ensure that it is within the allowed range. If the
setting is not within the allowed range, the device generates an Out of Range
message and prompts you for the setting again. When all the settings are entered, the
device displays the new settings and prompts you for approval to enable them. Answer
Y  to enable the new settings. The device is disabled for no longer than one
second while saving the new settings. The ALARM LED illuminates momentarily and the
ENABLED LED extinguishes while the device is disabled.
SHOW Command
When showing settings, the radio displays the settings label and the present value from
nonvolatile memory for each setting class as shown in Table 4.21.
Date Code 20181001
SEL-3031 Instruction Manual
4.26
Settings and Commands
Commands
Preliminary Copy—Subject to Change
Table 4.21
SHO Command (Show/View Settings)
Command
Description
Access Level
SHO G s
Show Global settings
SHO R s
Show Radio settings
SHO P s
Show serial Port settings
Append s and the specific settings name you want to view in the SHOW command to
immediately jump to the setting. If s (and the settings name) is not included, the device
presents settings beginning with the first in the group.
STATUS Command
Use STA to display the status report, as shown in Table 4.22.
Table 4.22
STA Command (Device Self-Test Status)
Command
Description
Access Level
STA n
Displays the device self-test information n times
(n = 1–32767). Defaults to 1 if n is not specified.
STA C
Reboots the device and clears self-test warning and
failure status results.
Refer to Section 5: Performance Monitoring, Testing, and Troubleshooting for self-test
thresholds and corrective actions, as well as information on hardware configuration
conflict resolution. Figure 4.11 shows the device response to the STA command.
=>STA 
RADIO 1
STATION_A
Date: 9/16/2010
Time: 04:29:13
Time Source: Internal
Serial Number: 000000000000000
FID=SEL-3031-R101-V0-Z002001-D20100723 CID=8BCE91D9
RFID=SEL-3031-R101-V0-D20101630
BFID=SLBT-3031-R100-V0-Z000000-D20091009
Part number 30310W01XXX
Radio Link
LINK
YES
RSSI
-29 dBm
AVAILABILITY
99.63 %
Radio Configuration
NETWORK
MODE
P2P
MASTER
NID
PORT 1
STANDARD
19200
PORT 3
STANDARD
19200
PORT 2
STANDARD
19200
SYNC
OFF
SELF TEST RESULTS
FLASH OK
OK
SDRAM
OK
SEL-3031 Instruction Manual
RTC
OK
SEC
ABSENT
Date Code 20181001
Settings and Commands
Preliminary Copy—Subject to Change
Commands
4.27
Device Enabled
=>
Figure 4.11
Device Response to the STATUS Command
Table 4.23 shows the status report definitions and message formats for each test.
Table 4.23
STA Command Report
Status Report
Designator
Definition
Message Format
FID
Firmware identifier string
Text Data
RFID
FPGA Firmware identifier string
Text Data
BFID
SELBOOT Firmware identifier string
Text Data
Part Number
Part Number of the SEL-3031
Text Data
PORT 1, 2, 3
Protocol setting for Port 1, 2, and 3
STANDARD, MB8, MODBUS
FLASH
Nonvolatile memory integrity
OK/FAIL
SDRAM
Integrity of code that runs in RAM
OK/FAIL
RADIO
Radio module status
OK/FAIL
RTC
Real-Time Clock status
OK/FAIL
SEC
SEL-3044 Encryption Card status
OK/ABSENT/RESET/FAIL
TIME Command
Use TIME to return information about the SEL-3031 internal clock, as shown in
Table 4.24. You can specify hours and minutes (seconds data are optional). Separate
the hours, minutes, and seconds with colons, semicolons, spaces, commas, or slashes.
Table 4.24
TIME Command Definitions
Command
Description
Access Level
TIME
Displays the present internal clock time.
TIME hh:mm
Sets the internal clock to hh:mm.
TIME hh:mm:ss
Sets the internal clock to hh:mm:ss.
Enter TIME hh:mm and TIME hh:mm:ss to set the internal clock time. The value hh
is for hours 0–23; the value mm is for minutes 0–59; the value ss is for seconds 0–59. If
you enter a valid time, the device will update, save the time in nonvolatile memory, and
display the time entered. If you enter an invalid time, the SEL-3031 will respond with
Invalid Time.
Date Code 20181001
SEL-3031 Instruction Manual
Preliminary Copy—Subject to Change
This page intentionally left blank
Preliminary Copy—Subject to Change
Section 5
Performance Monitoring, Testing,
and Troubleshooting
Overview
This section provides information on monitoring radio performance, testing, and
troubleshooting. Because the SEL-3031 is equipped with extensive self-tests,
traditional periodic test procedures may be eliminated or greatly reduced.
Monitoring Radio Performance
This section describes the tools you can use to monitor and improve the radio
performance. This section assumes that the radio link is up and running in service.
There are several items that you can use to optimize the radio link. The first section
explains how to optimize standard radio links using DNP3, Modbus®, or other byteoriented protocols. The second section addresses monitoring the radio performance
when using MIRRORED BITS®.
Monitoring and Improving Radio Link Performance
This section assumes the radio link is up and running with sufficient link availability. If
the radio link is either not working or has very low availability view Section 2:
Installation for information on properly installed and operating the radio.
Obtain access through the front USB port either with a terminal program or
ACSELERATOR QuickSet® SEL-5030 Software. Access Level 1 and issue the RAD
command (see Figure 5.1). The first value from the report is the RSSI receive signal
strength indication. This is the level of received level strength of the radio given in
dBm. A good radio link should have 15 dBm of margin to account for environmental
conditions and signal fade. The SEL-3031 receiver is rated down to –97 dBm or
–104 dBm with ARQ on. If you observe a fade margin of 15 dBm or greater then you
are receiving a strong signal. If the fade margin is less than 15 dBm that does not mean
the radio link will not work; it means that the performance and channel availability
needs to be monitored. To increase the signal or availability numbers the radio antenna
may need to be adjusted, output power increased, antenna replaced with a with a higher
gain antenna, (not to exceed transmit power of 36 dBm EIRP), or the SKIP setting used
to avoid zones with low availability. A path study should always be done before the
Date Code 20181001
SEL-3031 Instruction Manual
5.2
Performance Monitoring, Testing, and Troubleshooting
Monitoring Radio Performance
Preliminary Copy—Subject to Change
radio is installed. The RSSI value should match to the results of the path study. If the
path study numbers do not match the actual results then either the data entered is
incorrect or information about the locations was omitted. Contact SEL if you cannot
get the calculated values to match the measured values.
RADIO 1
STATION_A
Date: 09/11/2009
Time: 10:54:26
Time Source: Internal
RSSI
-46 dBm
AVAILABILITY:
From 09/11/2009 10:53:50
Overall
100.00 %
Zone 1
100.00 %
Zone 2
100.00 %
Zone 3
100.00 %
Zone 4
100.00 %
Zone 5
100.00 %
Zone 6
100.00 %
Zone 7
100.00 %
Zone 8
100.00 %
Zone 9
100.00 %
Zone 10
100.00 %
Figure 5.1
Example RAD Command
If you are using directional antennas, verify they have identical orientation—both sides
must be either polarized horizontally or vertically. Typically, a vertically polarized
antenna will give better results than a horizontally polarized antenna. If the location of
the radio antenna is shared with other antennas operating at the same frequency, then
proper spacing and opposite polarization should be used on one set of the antennas,
along with using the SKIP setting. If two or more SEL-3031 radios are collocated
using SEL Hop-Sync, see Configuring Collocated Antennas Using SEL Hop-Sync
Technology on page 3.16. See Section 2: Installation for more information on antenna
installation. Check the aiming of the antenna while updating the RAD command until
you get the strongest signal. This will require two people, where one person is moving
the position of the antenna in small increments, while the other is monitoring the RSSI.
The antenna position must be rotated on both sides to obtain the highest signal
strength. The RSSI must also be reviewed on each radio. The receive strength on the
remote radio will likely be different than the received strength on the master radio.
The last step to check is the availability of the radio link. The RAD command gives the
overall availability of the link. For protection systems the desire is to have a radio link
between 95 and 99.95 percent availability. This overall availability number is a great
way of directly obtaining this number. If you are running MIRRORED BITS then use the
availability number in the communications report in the MIRRORED BITS device.
NOTE: The radio and the MIRRORED BITS report measure
availability differently. Use the radio availability numbers
for proper radio installation. Use the MIRRORED BITS
communications report numbers when measuring the
overall availability of your protection or control
communications channel.
SEL-3031 Instruction Manual
Date Code 20181001
Performance Monitoring, Testing, and Troubleshooting
Preliminary Copy—Subject Monitoring
to Change
Radio Performance
5.3
To get a good availability reading, issue a RAD C command from Access Level 2. This
will reset all of the availability numbers. Let the radio link run for a couple of days or
longer. The longer period of time, the more accurate the numbers. After a few days
have passed issue the RAD command and view the availability numbers. If the overall
availability number is less than desired then look at the availability numbers per zone.
If all of the zones are down in availability then more adjustment is needed on the
antennas. If a few of the zones are down by a large percentage and the rest are
acceptable then go back to the radio settings and change the SKIP zone setting. Enter
the zones, as many as six, that you want to skip with the lowest availability. Issue a
RAD C command and let the radio run for a couple of days.
NOTE: If the radio availability is above 85%, there is, at
best, a marginal gain for skipping that zone.
You may need to repeat these steps before the availability reaches the desired level.
Note: There are 16 zones available in the SEL-3031 where a radio link only uses a
maximum of 10 zones. Skipping zones will turn on zones not previously used and may
give worse performance. The default SKIP setting of NONE will make the SEL-30310
SKIP zones 11–16, or force the Brazilian SEL-30311 to skip zone 16. If the availability
between the zones only varies by a few percent then changing the SKIP setting will not
help. The SKIP setting is for avoiding areas with high levels of noise, not to overcome
multipath propagations.
If the overall availability of most of the zones is bad (below 85%) and positioning the
antenna did not help then the radio link has a large amount of interference or there is an
obstruction to the Fresnel zone that is causing reflection issues. The interference can be
caused by a number of items. A path study is critical to determine how good the lineof-sight is and how high the antennas need to be. If the path study results do not match
your actual results you will need to make sure all of the parameters used to make the
path study were correct. If the results still do not match then there is an unaccounted
obstruction in the path (either buildings or trees) that is causing the decrease in
availability. View Section 2: Installation for more information on properly installing
the antenna. If the availability numbers are less than desired then the problem is within
the location, interference, or multipath radio issues. If the antenna tower is not located
high enough and proper steps are not done to detect noise floors or obstructions to the
Fresnel zone then the availability numbers may not reach those used in the path study.
Monitoring MIRRORED BITS Performance
When using one, two, or three ports of the SEL-3031 for MIRRORED BITS
communications it is important to monitor the availability of the channel. The
SEL-3031 provides channel availability information and the MIRRORED BITS devices
each contain communications data for each MIRRORED BITS channel. This section
describes how these work and how to optimize the MIRRORED BITS channel to achieve
a high level of availability.
Date Code 20181001
SEL-3031 Instruction Manual
5.4
Performance Monitoring, Testing, and Troubleshooting
Monitoring Radio Performance
Preliminary Copy—Subject to Change
The end of the previous section describes how to measure the availability of the radio
link. All SEL relays that have MIRRORED BITS give a full channel monitoring report
that will give the unavailability and a report on all of the data drops. The SEL-3031
displays the availability and SEL MIRRORED BITS devices display the unavailability.
The relationship of the two is represented below.
Availability = 1 – Unavailability
The SEL-3031 will show a lower availability than shown by the SEL relays with
MIRRORED BITS. The difference lies in how the radio monitors each packet of
MIRRORED BITS. Upon detecting bad packets the SEL-3031 removes the packets
before they reach the relay. The relay will only declare a dropped channel if it receives
bad data or after a period of time expires without seeing a new data packet. This gives
the SEL-3031 a chance to ride through several bad hops, remove corrupted data, keep
the channel up and operating, and minimize the amount of total unavailability as seen
by the MIRRORED BITS devices.
Before you use an SEL device’s MIRRORED BITS communications report, make sure
you go through Monitoring and Improving Radio Link Performance to verify the radio
is optimized and the SKIP setting is set to avoid noisy zones.
Monitoring MIRRORED BITS performance over a radio link is critical to ensure proper
operation when called upon to operate. The RBAD and CBAD bits provided in every
SEL device with MIRRORED BITS can be used to alarm when the radio link is degraded
below levels needed for proper operation.
➤
RBADPU: Setting for the amount of time the channel is in a failed
state before setting the RBAD alarm Relay Word bit.
➤
CBADPU: Setting for the threshold of the CBAD channel availability
alarm.
When a MIRRORED BITS channel is operating correctly, Relay Word bit ROK is set to 1.
When the channel is disturbed, ROK drops out. The ROK bit is not recommended for
use as an alarm point. ROK is a good indication of the channel’s health. If the ROK bit
is toggling, this is an indication of an intermittent channel problem.
Serial Data
MIRRORED BITS
Decoder and Integrity
Checks
Figure 5.2
ROK
RBAD
Timer
RBAD
RBAD Generation
SEL-3031 Instruction Manual
Date Code 20181001
Performance Monitoring, Testing, and Troubleshooting
Preliminary Copy—Subject to Change
Self-Test
5.5
The RBAD bit is generated by the output of the RBAD timer. The RBAD timer is
driven by the ROK signal. RBAD is the recommended bit to indicate communications
alarms. Typically, a communications outage of two seconds or greater is considered an
alarm condition. RBAD should be set on both MIRRORED BITS device to the maximum
length of outage before declaring an alarm.
The CBADPU setting is generated from the unavailability of the MIRRORED BITS
channel. For example, if RBADPU is set to 2 seconds and the longest channel
disruption was 1 second out of every second and this occurred every 2 seconds, RBAD
would not assert. RBAD would not assert because MIRRORED BITS is not disrupted for
longer than 2 seconds at any time. Relay Word bit CBAD and the CBADPU setting
solves this problem. To set CBADPU there are two good options. The first option is to
set it to 2000. This is a common value used based upon spread spectrum radio use in
the field. The CBAD Relay Word bit will assert when the unavailability of the channel
exceeds 0.02.
The other method in setting CBAD is to let the radio link run for a period of time and
monitor the performance. After reviewing a month of unavailability you will be able to
set CBADPU above the unavailability value.
The proper setting and use of CBAD and RBAD is important to report when the
communications link has failed or has become intermittent enough to cripple proper
communication. Over time, many issues can occur to cause a bad or intermittent radio
link. Items such as tree growth, new building construction, or another radio added at
the site or in the path of the current radio link. It is important to take CBAD and RBAD
and use them in the relay to trigger an alarm condition through an output contact or
have the SCADA system detect the alarm. Line-of-site radio paths can experience
adverse conditions over time and it is critical to constantly monitor the radio
performance to keep the availability numbers as high as possible.
Self-Test
All self-tests are described in Table 5.1. If all diagnostic tests are passed, the ENABLED
LED is on, the ALARM LED is off, and the contact output is open. If the device is
disabled, the ENABLED LED is off, the ALARM LED is illuminated, and the contact output
is closed.
Table 5.1
Device Self-Tests (Sheet 1 of 2)
SER
Message
Alarm
LED
Alarm
Contact
Fails if FPGA registers do not match
expected.
Yes
On
Closed
Performs read/write tests on each
section of Data RAM.
Yes
On
Closed
Self-Test
Description
FPGA Version
Mismatch
Data RAM
Date Code 20181001
SEL-3031 Instruction Manual
5.6
Performance Monitoring, Testing, and Troubleshooting
Troubleshooting
Preliminary Copy—Subject to Change
Table 5.1
Device Self-Tests (Sheet 2 of 2)
SER
Message
Alarm
LED
Alarm
Contact
Performs a comparison test against
code flash.
Yes
On
Closed
Checksum is continually computed
on code base.
No
On
Closed
Flash (Settings) Performs a validity test every hour
on the settings.
Yes
On
Closed
Processor
Exception
Indicates processor failure.
Yes
On
Closed
RTC
Indicates clock chip static RAM fail- Yes
ures.
On
Closed
Self-Test
Description
Code RAM
Code Flash
Troubleshooting
Table 5.2
Troubleshooting Tips (Sheet 1 of 2)
Symptom
Probable Cause
Corrective Action
ALARM LED is ON
Radio recognized a status
failure.
Turn unit off, and then on, and
issue the STATUS command.
If alarm signal returns, return
unit to the factory for repair.
ALARM LED flashes ON
every half second.
Radio detected a VSWR
error where there is an
open or short on the
antenna port.
Verify all connections from the
antenna to the radio are secure.
Verify the antenna, feedlines,
or lightning arrestor is not
damaged.
The SEC LED is flashing.
The SEL-3031 properly
detects the encryption
card but the card is in
reset and doesn't have the
key set.
Use QuickSet and set the KEY
setting. This must be set the
same on both radios.
Cannot connect to the
radio through the USB
port.
USB driver not installed
properly.
Check for active SEL to USB
drivers from your PC in Device
Manager Ports section. If that
does not work, uninstall and
reinstall the driver and restart
your PC. Make sure the
SEL-3031 is powered on
before plugging in the USB
cable.
SEL-3031 Instruction Manual
Date Code 20181001
Performance Monitoring, Testing, and Troubleshooting
Preliminary Copy—Subject to Change
Troubleshooting
Table 5.2
5.7
Troubleshooting Tips (Sheet 2 of 2)
Symptom
Probable Cause
Corrective Action
Cannot change radio settings.
Invalid password.
Install password disable jumper
and change passwords using
the PAS command. See Password Jumper on page 2.14 for
information on how to disable
passwords.
Wall-mount radio will not
turn on.
The polarity of the power
supply wires is reversed.
Check the correct polarity and
reverse if incorrect.
The remote radio will not
link up to the master.
Radio address or mode is
not set correctly.
The master and remote radios
must be set to the same address
and have the same SKIP settings. Check that the master
radio LINK light is ON and that
the NID address and SKIP setting is set correctly on both
units.
Antennas are not pointed
correctly, or there is a bad
antenna cable.
Use QuickSet on the radio to
issue the RAD command to
check for signal strength. If the
signal is low, try to re-aim both
antennas to gain signal strength
and check for bad antenna
cables. See Section 2: Installation for more information on
proper radio installation.
Date Code 20181001
SEL-3031 Instruction Manual
Preliminary Copy—Subject to Change
This page intentionally left blank
Preliminary Copy—Subject to Change
Appendix A
U.Instruction Manual
Firmware and Manual Versions
Firmware
Determining the Firmware Version in Your Device
To determine the firmware version, view the status report by using the serial port
STATUS command. The status report displays the Firmware Identification (FID)
number.
The firmware version number is after the R, and the release date is after the D. For
example, the following string shows firmware version number 100 with a release date
of October 9, 2009:
FID=SEL-3031-R100-V0-Z001001-D20091009
Table A.1 lists the firmware versions, revision descriptions, and corresponding
instruction manual date codes.
Table A.1
Firmware Revision History (Sheet 1 of 2)
Firmware Identification
(FID) Number
Manual
Date Code
Summary of Revisions
SEL-3031 Firmware Version:
➤ Fixed an issue in the SEL-3044 where
SEL-3031-R104-V0-Z003001the random number generator seed
D20111228
issued matching back-to-back samples
that caused the card to stop passing data.
FPGA Version:
SEL-3031-R101-D20101018 ➤ Fixed an issue in the SEL-3044 where
time-out behavior is treated as a hard
SEL-3044 Firmware Version:
failure causing the card to stop communiSEL-3044-R102-V0-Z001001cating.
D20111223
➤ Corrected a key-handling issue in the
SEL-3044 forcing the master to set the
Note: The SEL-3044
sequence key to 0 every time the slave
Encryption Card can only be
requests a new key.
upgraded by sending the card
back to the factory. Please
contact the factory for assistance.
Date Code 20181001
20111228
SEL-3031 Instruction Manual
A.2
Firmware and Manual Versions
Preliminary Copy—Subject to Change
Instruction Manual
Table A.1
Firmware Revision History (Sheet 2 of 2)
Firmware Identification
(FID) Number
Manual
Date Code
Summary of Revisions
➤ Fixed an issue in the SEL-3044 where
the rollover of the encryption key could
get repeated indefinitely and cause communications to stop.
➤ Fixed an issue in the SEL-3044 where
the master could receive a repeated message from the radio that should have
been dropped, causing the SEL-3044 to
stop processing incoming data.
Firmware Version:
➤ Fixed issue that prevented the encrypSEL-3031-R103-V0-Z003001tion card from rekeying under certain
D20110818
conditions, which also stopped communication.
FPGA Version:
SEL-3031-R101-D20101018 ➤ Created Brazil frequency compatible
version.
Note: You must update both
firmware and FPGA for
➤ Added 9600 bps speed setting option to
proper operation.
all ports in radios without encryption
cards.
Firmware Version:
SEL-3031-R102
➤ This firmware version was not production released.
20110818
—
Firmware Version:
➤ Added P2MP capability.
SEL-3031-R101-V0-Z002001- ➤ Added the capability to synchronize colD20101108
located radios.
FPGA Version:
➤ Added ARQ for non-MIRRORED BITS
SEL-3031-R101-D20101018
applications.
➤ Improved the STA command with more
radio information.
Note: You must update both
firmware and FPGA for
➤ Added 38400 bps option on Port 1
proper operation.
(19200 bps with Encryption Card).
20101108
SEL-3031-R100-V0-Z001001- ➤ Initial version.
D20091009
20091009
Instruction Manual
The date code at the bottom of each page of this manual reflects the creation or revision
date.
Table A.2 lists the instruction manual versions and revision descriptions. The most
recent instruction manual version is listed first.
SEL-3031 Instruction Manual
Date Code 20181001
Firmware and Manual Versions
Preliminary Copy—Subject to Change
Instruction Manual
Table A.2
A.3
Instruction Manual Revision History (Sheet 1 of 3)
Date Code
Summary of Revisions
20181001
Section 1
➤ Updated Specifications.
20180613
Section 1
➤ Updated Table 1.1: Radio Antenna and Cable Accessories.
Section 2
➤ Updated Table 2.2: Antennas Permitted for Use with the SEL-3031.
Section 4
➤ Updated Table 4.14: Factory-Default Passwords.
➤ Updated Table 4.18: SER Command.
20180330
Section 1
➤ Updated Compliance in Specifications.
Appendix B
➤ Updated Technical Support.
20160804
Section 1
➤ Updated Table 1.1: Radio Antenna and Cable Accessories.
20160203
General
➤ Updated cable information to include RG-8X.
Section 1
➤ Updated Table 1.1: Radio Antenna and Cable Accessories.
20150203
Preface
➤ Updated Safety Information.
Section 1
➤ Updated Table 1.1: Radio Antenna and Cable Accessories.
➤ Added Figure 1.1: Radio Antenna Connections.
➤ Changed Certifications to Compliance, and moved it to the beginning
of Specifications.
➤ Added Power Consumption With SEL-3044 Card in Specifications.
➤ Updated Table 1.2: Government Approvals.
Section 2
➤ Updated Figure 2.6: SEL-C693 Cable: Two-Wire EIA-485 Connections.
Section 4
➤ Added CAL Level information.
Section 5
➤ Updated fade margin and radio availability information in Monitoring
and Improving Radio Link Performance.
Date Code 20181001
SEL-3031 Instruction Manual
A.4
Firmware and Manual Versions
Preliminary Copy—Subject to Change
Instruction Manual
Table A.2
Date Code
Instruction Manual Revision History (Sheet 2 of 3)
Summary of Revisions
Appendix A
➤ Updated Table A.1: Firmware Revision History with correct FPGA version.
20141120
Section 1
➤ Updated surge protection description and part number in Table 1.1.
Section 2
➤ Updated surge protection information in Lightning Protection.
20130208
Section 1
➤ Added UL, cUL, and FIPS 140-2 certification information to Specifications.
20111228
Appendix A
➤ Updated for SEL-3031 firmware version R104.
➤ Updated for SEL-3044 firmware version R102.
20111005
Section 1
➤ Added certification information for Colombia to Specifications.
➤ Added Brazil ANATEL Numbers to Specifications.
Section 2
➤ Added Colombia to list of countries allowing six skip zones.
20110818
Section 1
➤ Added 9600 bps SPEED setting option for radios without encryption
cards.
➤ Updated port speed option and latency tables in Specifications to reflect
9600 bps SPEED setting option for radios without encryption cards.
➤ Added certification information for Brazil, Mexico, and Peru to Specifications.
Section 2
➤ Added 9600 bps SPEED setting option for radios without encryption
cards.
➤ Added 303011Brazil locked skip frequencies.
➤ Added Table 2.4: 900 MHz Frequency Skip Zones for Brazil (part numbers starting with SEL-30311).
Section 3
➤ Added 9600 bps SPEED setting option for radios without encryption
cards.
SEL-3031 Instruction Manual
Date Code 20181001
Firmware and Manual Versions
Preliminary Copy—Subject to Change
Instruction Manual
Table A.2
Date Code
A.5
Instruction Manual Revision History (Sheet 3 of 3)
Summary of Revisions
Section 4
➤ Added 9600 bps SPEED setting option for radios without encryption
cards.
➤ Added 303011Brazil locked skip frequencies.
➤ Added Table 4.6: Skip Zone Frequencies (SEL-30311 Brazil).
Appendix A
➤ Updated for firmware version R103.
20101108
Section 1
➤ Added P2MP capability to product features.
➤ Included additional antenna accessories in Table 1.1: Radio Antenna
and Cable Accessories.
Section 2
➤ New SEL Sync-Hop for collocated radios.
➤ Updated Table 2.9: SEL-3031 Port Description for Port 3 radio synchronizing capability.
➤ Added Figure 2.12: SEL Cable C576: Synchronizing Cable for
SEL-3031, new cables for synchronizing radios.
Section 3
➤ Added two more Job Done examples.
Section 4
➤ Added P2MP capability to product features.
➤ Updated Figure 4.9: Radio Strength and Channel Availability with new
graphical Radio Status.
➤ Updated Table 4.4: Radio Settings with P2MP and synchronizing settings.
➤ Added information on SYNC and KEY settings.
➤ Updated Table 4.6: Port Settings with SPEED and ARQ.
Appendix A
➤ Updated for firmware version R101.
Appendix B
➤ Added Firmware Upgrade Instructions.
20091009
➤ Initial version.
Date Code 20181001
SEL-3031 Instruction Manual
Preliminary Copy—Subject to Change
This page intentionally left blank
Preliminary Copy—Subject to Change
Appendix B
Firmware Upgrade Instructions
Overview
SEL may occasionally offer firmware upgrades to improve the performance of your
radio. The radio stores firmware in Flash memory; therefore, changing physical
components is not necessary. A firmware loader program called SELBOOT resides in
the SEL-3031. These instructions give a step-by-step procedure to upgrade the radio
firmware by uploading a file from a personal computer to the radio via direct
connection to the USB management port.
Required Equipment
You will need the following to perform a firmware upgrade.
➤
Personal computer
➤
Terminal emulation software that supports the Xmodem/CRC
protocol (these instructions use HyperTerminal® from a Microsoft®
Windows® operating system)
➤
USB Type-B cable (SEL-C664 or equivalent)
➤
The firmware upgrade file (Rxxx3031.img)
Firmware Upgrade Procedure
Step 1.
Step 2.
Connect a standard USB Type-B cable from the PC to the
management port of the SEL-3031, and enter Access Level 2.
a.
b.
Type ACC .
Enter the Access Level 1 password.
c.
d.
Type 2AC .
Enter the Access Level 2 password.
Start the upgrade process.
a.
Issue the L_D command to the radio.
b.
Type Y  at the following prompt:
Disable device to receive firmware (Y,N) ?
Date Code 20181001
SEL-3031 Instruction Manual
B.2
Firmware Upgrade Instructions
Preliminary Copy—Subject to Change
Overview
c.
Type Y  at the following prompt:
Are you sure (Y, N)?
The radio will respond with the following message and send the !>
prompt.
Device disabled
Step 3.
Issue the BAU 115200 command. On your terminal or computer
terminal program, change the terminal data rate to 115200 bps.
Step 4.
Begin the transfer of the new firmware to the radio by issuing the
REC command.
Step 5.
Type Y to erase the existing firmware, or press  to abort.
Step 6.
Start the file transfer.
a.
Select the send file option in your communications software.
b.
Use the Xmodem or 1K Xmodem protocol and send the file
that contains the new firmware.
After the file transfer, the radio reboots and returns to Access Level 0.
Change the terminal data rate back to 9600 bps to access the radio
management port.
Step 7.
Press any key (e.g., ) when the radio sends a prompt.
Step 8.
Type ACC . Enter the Access Level 1 password.
=>>L_D 
Disable device to receive firmware (Y,N) ? 
Are you sure (Y/N) ? Y 
Device disabled
!>REC 
Caution! This command erases the firmware.
If you erase the firmware then new firmware
must be loaded before returning the IED to service.
Are you sure, you want to erase the existing firmware (Y/N)?
Y 
Erasing firmware.
Erase successful.
Press any key to begin transfer and then start transfer at the terminal.
SEL-3031 Instruction Manual
Date Code 20181001
Firmware Upgrade Instructions
Preliminary Copy—Subject to Change
Overview
Step 9.
B.3
Issue the STA command, and examine the status report for FAIL
messages.
If the status report shows a FAIL message, perform the following
steps.
a.
b.
Type 2AC .
Enter the Access Level 2 password.
c.
d.
Type R_S .
At this time you must reenter passwords.
e.
f.
Type ACC .
Enter the Access Level 1 password
g.
h.
Type 2AC .
Enter the default Access Level 2 password.
i.
Use the PAS command to change the default password to
your secure password (refer to the SEL-3031 Instruction
Manual).
Step 10. Turn the radio off and back on.
This completes the firmware upgrade instructions. If you have an FPGA configuration
upgrade, continue with the following procedure.
FPGA Configuration Upgrade Procedure
Step 1.
Connect input power.
Step 2.
Connect a standard USB Type-B cable from the PC to the
management port of the SEL-3031, and enter Access Level 2.
Step 3.
Start upgrading of firmware.
a.
Issue the L_D command to the radio.
b.
Type Y  at the following prompt:
Disable device to receive firmware (Y,N) ?
c.
Type Y  at the following prompt:
Are you sure (Y, N)?
The radio will respond with the following message and send the !>
prompt.
Device disabled
Date Code 20181001
SEL-3031 Instruction Manual
B.4
Firmware Upgrade Instructions
Preliminary Copy—Subject to Change
Overview
Step 4.
Issue the BAU 115200 command, and change the terminal data rate to
115200.
Step 5.
Begin the transfer of the new FPGA configuration file
(RTL_Rxxx3031.cxf) to the radio by issuing the REC FPGA
command.
Step 6.
Type Y to erase the existing FPGA configuration or press  to
abort.
Step 7.
Press any key (e.g., ) when the radio sends a prompt.
Step 8.
Start the file transfer.
a.
Select the send file option in your communications software.
b.
Use the Xmodem protocol and send the file that contains the
new firmware.
After the file transfer, the radio will reboot and return to Access
Level 0.
Step 9.
The FPGA upgrade will cause the radio to restart (equivalent to
removing and restoring power). On most PCs you will need to exit
and restart the terminal program for it to re-recognize the serial port.
Change the terminal data rate back to 9600 bps to access the radio
management port.
=>>L_D 
Disable device to receive firmware (Y,N) ? Y 
Are you sure (Y/N) ? Y 
Device disabled
!>REC FPGA 
Caution! This command erases the FPGA.
Do not interrupt power during FPGA upload
or the device may require factory reprogramming.
Are you sure you want to erase the existing FPGA (Y/N)? Y 
Press any key to begin transfer and then start transfer at the terminal.
Completed FPGA configuration upload into RAM.
Beginning FPGA reconfiguration.
Erasing FPGA ... (15 seconds) ... Done.
Configuring FPGA.
37 .....................................................................
36 .....................................................................
35 .....................................................................
34 .....................................................................
33 .....................................................................
32 .....................................................................
31 .....................................................................
30 .....................................................................
29 .....................................................................
28 .....................................................................
27 .....................................................................
26 .....................................................................
25 .....................................................................
24 .....................................................................
23 .....................................................................
22 .....................................................................
21 .....................................................................
20 .....................................................................
19 .....................................................................
18 .....................................................................
SEL-3031 Instruction Manual
Date Code 20181001
Firmware Upgrade Instructions
Preliminary Copy—Subject to Change
Technical Support
B.5
17 .....................................................................
16 .....................................................................
15 .....................................................................
14 .....................................................................
13 .....................................................................
12 .....................................................................
11 .....................................................................
10 .....................................................................
9 .....................................................................
8 .....................................................................
7 .....................................................................
6 .....................................................................
5 .....................................................................
4 .....................................................................
3 .....................................................................
2 .....................................................................
1 .....................................................................
FPGA Configuration complete................
The SEL-3031 now is ready for commissioning.
Technical Support
We appreciate your interest in SEL products and services. If you have questions or
comments, please contact us at:
Schweitzer Engineering Laboratories, Inc.
2350 NE Hopkins Court
Pullman, WA 99163-5603 USA
Telephone: +1.509.338.3838
Fax: +1.509.332.7990
Internet: selinc.com/support
Email: info@selinc.com
Date Code 20181001
SEL-3031 Instruction Manual
Preliminary Copy—Subject to Change
This page intentionally left blank
Preliminary Copy—Subject to Change
Appendix C
SEL-3044 Encryption Card
Overview
The SEL-3044 Encryption Card is a standalone card that can be added to the SEL-3031
to encrypt the radio data being sent between SEL-3031 radio links. The SEL-3044 can
be ordered at time of purchase or added as an upgrade. The SEL-3044 requires one
setting to provide a very strong level of encryption over the radio link. Use of the
SEL-3044 is strongly advised for any application of the SEL-3031 for critical data. If
you do not use the SEL-3044, the data between the radios can be compromised. If you
want to encrypt the radio link, an SEL-3044 is required in both radios.
NOTE: The SEL-3044 is NOT a PCMCIA card. Do not install
in a laptop computer.
Figure C.1
SEL-3044 Encryption Card
NIST FIPS 140-2 Level 2 Security
Requirements
The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) developed the Federal
Information Processing Standards (FIPS) 140-2 standard that defines the security
requirements for a cryptographic module used within a security system protecting
sensitive information in computer and telecommunications systems.
Date Code 20181001
SEL-3031 Instruction Manual
C.2
SEL-3044 Encryption Card
Preliminary Copy—Subject to Change
Theory of Operation—SEL Protocol
Protection of a cryptographic module within a security system is necessary to maintain
the confidentiality and integrity of the information protected by the module.
FIPS 140-2 Level 2 covers areas related to the secure design and implementation of
a cryptographic module.
These areas include the following:
➤
Cryptographic module specification
➤
Cryptographic module ports and interfaces
➤
Roles, services, and authentication
➤
Finite state model
➤
Physical security
➤
Operational environment
➤
Cryptographic key management
➤
Electromagnetic interference/electromagnetic compatibility
(EMI/EMC)
➤
Self-tests
➤
Design assurance
➤
Mitigation of other attacks
The SEL-3044 meets FIPS 140-2 Level 2 requirements and has been FIPS 140-2
validated (historical, pending re-validation). This level of data security provides
assurance that best practices have been applied to the design, testing, and
manufacturing of the SEL-3044.
Theory of Operation—SEL Protocol
Encryption Components
A cryptographic device consists of three components: encryption algorithm, key
management, and device security functions.
Encryption Algorithm
The Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) algorithm with a key length of 256 bits is
implemented in the SEL-3044. This algorithm is a secure means of encrypting data.
The AES algorithm and key length provide proven resistance to modern cryptanalysis.
SEL-3031 Instruction Manual
Date Code 20181001
SEL-3044 Encryption Card
Preliminary Copy—Subject
Change
Theory to
of Operation—SEL
Protocol
C.3
Key Management
System key (256 bits): The system key is set by a passphrase of 8 to 80 characters. The
passphrase is used to generate a system key. The system key is used to encrypt and
securely transmit unique session keys (see following text). It also provides a
cryptographic authentication mechanism for rejecting session requests by unauthorized
SEL-3044 devices.
Session key (256 bits): Session keys are used to encrypt all protected user data prior to
transmission. They are produced at system startup and periodically during sessions.
Session keys are generated using the process outlined by FIPS 186-2. They are
produced using an integrated physical random number generator (RNG) and a
statistical data whitening algorithm. Session keys are purely random and are not linked
to the system key. The use of unique session keys limits the amount of data that is
encrypted with a single key value, thus strengthening the system against
cryptanalytical attack. The session keys are encrypted using the system key prior to
being exchanged between SEL-3044 devices.
Device Security
The SEL-3044 incorporates a hardware RNG and FIPS-approved data whitener to
guarantee that all session keys contain 256 bits of entropy (i.e., completely random).
This guarantees that encoded messages are protected by a true cryptographic strength
of 256 bits.
Multilevel password authentication defines user security roles.
Changing the system key can only be performed by authorized users who have Access
Level 2 passwords.
If required, an authorized user can reset the entire device. This allows the user to
reinitialize the system key should the security parameters need to change because of IT
security procedures or if the programmed system key value is lost.
NOTE: This process requires physical access to the
SEL-3031 and cannot be done remotely.
Security of the Transferred Data
The SEL-3044 provides data encryption with a cryptographic key strength of 256 bits.
The SEL-3044 RNG is designed so that all possible key values are equally likely. It is
widely accepted throughout the cryptographic community that it is not realistically
possible to mount a successful brute force (key guessing) attack on a 256-bit key space
with technology available today.
Date Code 20181001
SEL-3031 Instruction Manual
C.4
SEL-3044 Encryption Card
Preliminary Copy—Subject to Change
Theory of Operation—SEL Protocol
Application Consideration
Two messaging structures exist to establish and maintain a secure, coherent
communications link between two SEL-3044 devices: In-Band (IB) frames and Out-ofBand (OOB) frames. IB frames transmit encrypted user data (i.e., data received on the
trusted data interface) between the two protected devices (computer, IED, RTU, etc.).
OOB frames transmit connection control data between the two SEL-3044 devices in
the communications link. Control frames are required to implement key exchanges,
status checks, and other functions necessary to maintain the communications link.
In-Band Message Format
IB messages consist of the encrypted data plus the frame overhead necessary to
maintain synchronization and channel security. Figure C.2 shows the format of an IB
frame. The shaded area is the encrypted data portion of the message.
Maximum of 7 Bytes
User-Defined Frame Length
IB Header
Protected Data
Figure C.2
In-Band Data Packet Format
Out-of-Band Message
Out-of-Band (OOB) messages are used to exchange control information between
SEL-3044 cards. These exchanges include loss of synchronization, request for rekey,
and rekey information.
IMPORTANT: During OOB message communication, data
exchange between the devices connected to the
SEL-3044 cannot occur. Communication will be
temporarily halted during a rekey.
System Settings
The system key provides encryption and secure transmission of unique session keys
between SEL-3044 devices. It also provides a cryptographic authentication mechanism
for rejecting session requests by unauthorized devices. Session keys provide encryption
of all protected user data prior to transmission. An SEL-3044 produces session keys at
system startup, and periodically during sessions, using the process outlined by
FIPS 186-2. An integrated physical RNG and statistical data-whitening algorithm
generate purely random session keys. Through the use of these unique session keys, the
SEL-3044 limits the amount of data encrypted by any single key value, thus
strengthening the system against attack.
SEL-3031 Instruction Manual
Date Code 20181001
SEL-3044 Encryption Card
Preliminary Copy—Subject
Change
Theory to
of Operation—SEL
Protocol
C.5
NOTE: Both SEL-3044 transceivers that communicate with
each other must share the same system key.
AES Overview
The AES encryption function uses a 256-bit-long secret key and scrambles the contents
of each frame prior to transmission to provide cryptographically strong data
confidentiality.
Encryption is the process of transforming a digital message from its original form into
a form that an unauthorized individual cannot interpret. The output of the encryption
process is a function of the message and an encryption key (see Figure C.3).
Encryption Key
AES
Encrypt
Hi Bob!
Figure C.3
Decryption Key
*4gu>g
aIL8}2=h
AES
Decrypt
Hi Bob!
Operation of the AES Encryption Function
This encryption process must be completely reversible by an authorized individual
with access to the secret decryption key. Authority to read a message is only granted by
sharing knowledge of the secret decryption key. Ideally, only individuals with
knowledge of the decryption key can reverse the encryption operation and interpret the
protected message. There are two main classes of encryption functions. Symmetric key
encryption relies on the same secret key value, K, to perform both the encryption and
decryption transformations. Asymmetric key encryption, on the other hand, uses a
different key for encryption and decryption for example, asymmetric encryption might
use K1 for encryption and K2 for decryption. The AES encryption algorithm the
SEL-3044 uses is a symmetric block cipher with an encryption/decryption key size of
256 bits.
The AES is the latest encryption standard adopted by NIST. In 1997, NIST challenged
the cryptographic community to develop the next generation encryption algorithm to
replace the aging DES and 3DES encryption standards. In 2000, NIST chose the
Rijndael encryption algorithm as the AES encryption standard. During the evaluation
of candidates for the AES standard, some of the world’s best cryptanalysts analyzed
and approved Rijndael. Since its adoption in 2001, AES has proven to be very effective
against known attacks, very efficient, and simple to implement.
Date Code 20181001
SEL-3031 Instruction Manual
C.6
SEL-3044 Encryption Card
Preliminary Copy—Subject to Change
Theory of Operation—SEL Protocol
Frame Replay Protection
Every frame in a given session contains a sequence number field. The value in this field
increments every time a frame is transmitted. The SEL-3044 will not accept any frame
that contains a sequence number value that is less than, or equal to, the sequence
number value received in the last frame. It is exceedingly difficult to maliciously alter
the sequence number in any given frame to bypass this functionality because the
sequence number field is protected by the strong cryptographic authentication
mechanisms. Because of the protection these mechanisms provide, an attacker cannot
capture a previously transmitted frame and resend the frame to the SEL-3044 to cause
harmful actions.
Resetting the SEL-3044
At some point it may be necessary to reset the SEL-3044. You must have access to the
front USB port on the SEL-3031. The SEL-3044 must be installed in the SEL-3031 to
reset. Use either ACSELERATOR QuickSet® SEL-5030 Software or a terminal interface
to access the Radio settings. In the Radio settings, set the KEY setting to None, save
the setting, then set a new passphrase and save.
If you have lost your passwords to access the SEL-3031, you must disable passwords
by temporarily installing a jumper. Refer to Password Jumper on page 2.14 and
Table 2.7 for information and instructions on disabling passwords.
Installing an SEL-3044 in the SEL-3031
The SEL-3044 can be ordered at time of purchase of the radio, or it may be added later
as a field upgrade. The process involves powering down the radio, removing hardware,
installing the card, and setting the radio.
CAUTION
The radio contains devices sensitive to Electrostatic Discharge (ESD). When working on the radio
with the front or top cover removed, work surfaces and personnel must be properly grounded or
equipment damage may result.
Step 1.
Remove the power from the radio and remove all connections from
the device.
Step 2.
Rack-mount SEL-3031: Loosen the six front-panel screws and
remove the front panel.
Wall-mount model: Use a Torx® T15 screwdriver and remove the
four screws located on the sides of each corner. Slide the cover up and
back to reveal the front of the unit.
Step 3.
Between the main board and radio board there is a PCMCIA card
slot. Gently slide the SEL-3044 straight into the card slot. Push firmly
until it is fully seated.
SEL-3031 Instruction Manual
Date Code 20181001
SEL-3044 Encryption Card
Preliminary Copy—Subject
Change
Theory to
of Operation—SEL
Protocol
Figure C.4
C.7
Encryption Card Location
Step 4.
Reassemble the unit in reverse order of Step 2.
Step 5.
Apply power to the unit and verify the SEC light is flashing. The
flashing LED indicates that the SEL-3044 is functioning properly and
is currently in Reset.
If the SEC LED is not flashing, then you must turn off the unit and
verify the card is properly seated in the pins.
If the SEC LED does not flash upon your removing and restoring
power and you have verified that the card is seated properly, you will
need to send the radio and encryption card back for repair.
Step 6.
Use QuickSet to connect to the device and set the KEY setting to
enable the SEL-3044.
Step 7.
The KEY setting must be set the same on both SEL-3031 transceivers
for proper operation.
Date Code 20181001
SEL-3031 Instruction Manual
Preliminary Copy—Subject to Change
This page intentionally left blank
Preliminary Copy—Subject to Change
Preliminary Copy—Subject to Change
SCHWEITZER ENGINEERING LABORATORIES, INC.
2350 NE Hopkins Court • Pullman, WA 99163-5603 U.S.A.
Phone: +1.509.332.1890 • Fax: +1.509.332.7990
selinc.com • info@selinc.com

---

Source Exif Data:

File Type                       : PDF
File Type Extension             : pdf
MIME Type                       : application/pdf
PDF Version                     : 1.4
Linearized                      : No
Page Count                      : 122
XMP Toolkit                     : XMP toolkit 2.9.1-13, framework 1.6
About                           : uuid:fb1512bc-c812-11e8-0000-a903eb592520
Producer                        : GPL Ghostscript 9.10
Keywords                        : ()
Modify Date                     : 2018:10:01 13:20:40-07:00
Create Date                     : 2018:10:01 13:20:40-07:00
Creator Tool                    : PDFCreator Version 1.7.3
Document ID                     : uuid:fb1512bc-c812-11e8-0000-a903eb592520
Format                          : application/pdf
Title                           : 3031_IM_20181001.pdf
Creator                         : miracosi
Description                     : ()
Author                          : miracosi
Subject                         : 

EXIF Metadata provided by EXIF.tools