TRENDNET TEW676APBO HIGH POWER WIRELESS OUTDOOR ACCESS POINT User Manual

TRENDNET, Inc. HIGH POWER WIRELESS OUTDOOR ACCESS POINT

UserManual.wiki >

TRENDNET >

TEW676APBO User Manual >

Users Manual 2 HTML Version

1. Users Manual 1
2. Users Manual 2

Users Manual 2

㻝㻞㻠

ACK Timeout : ACK timeout is in the range of 1~255 and set in unit of microsecond. The default value is 32

microsecond.

All data transmission in 802.11b/g request an “Acknowledgement” (ACK) send by receiving radio. The transmitter will

resend the original packet if correspondent ACK failed to arrive within specific time interval, also refer to as “ACK

Timeout”.

ACK Timeout is adjustable due to the fact that distance between two radio links may vary in different deployment.

ACK Timeout makes significant influence in performance of long distance radio link. If ACK Timeout is set too short,

transmitter will start to “Resend” packet before ACK is received, and throughputs become low due to excessively high

re-transmission.

ACK Timeout is best determined by distance between the radios, data rate of average environment. The Timeout

value is calculated based on round-trip time of packet with a little tolerance, So, if experiencing re-transmissions or

poor performance the ACK Timeout could be made longer to accommodate.

Slot Time and ACK Timeout settings are for long distance links. It is important to tweak settings to achieve the

optimal result based on requirement.

Beacon Interval : Beacon Interval is in the range of 20~1024 and set in unit of millisecond. The default value is 100

msec.

Access Point (AP) in IEEE 802.11 will send out a special approximated 50-byte frame, called “Beacon”. Beacon is

broadcast to all the stations, provides the basic information of AP such as SSID, channel, encryption keys, signal

strength, time stamp, support data rate.

All the radio stations received beacon recognizes the existence of such AP, and may proceed next actions if the

information from AP matches the requirement. Beacon is sent on a periodic basis, the time interval can be adjusted.

By increasing the beacon interval, you can reduce the number of beacons and associated overhead, but that will

likely delay the association and roaming process because stations scanning for available access points may miss the

beacons. You can decrease the beacon interval, which increases the rate of beacons. This will make the association

and roaming process very responsive; however, the network will incur additional overhead and throughput will go

down.

DTIM Interval : The DTIM interval is in the range of 1~255. The default is 1.

DTIM is defined as Delivery Traffic Indication Message. It is used to notify the wireless stations, which support power

saving mode, when to wake up to receive multicast frame. DTIM is necessary and critical in wireless environment as

a mechanism to fulfill power-saving synchronization.

A DTIM interval is a count of the number of beacon frames that must occur before the access point sends the

buffered multicast frames. For instance, if DTIM Interval is set to 3, then the Wi-Fi clients will expect to receive a

multicast frame after receiving three Beacon frame. The higher DTIM interval will help power saving and possibly

decrease wireless throughput in multicast applications.

㻝㻞㻡

Fragment Threshold : The Fragment Threshold is in the range of 256~2346 byte. The default is 2346 byte.

Each Wi-Fi packet can be divided into smaller packets, marked with a sequential fragment number and re-assemble

in the receiving ends. The purpose is to make a short frame, instead of long frame, transmitting by radio in a heavy

noisy environment. Because of sending smaller frames, corruptions are much less likely to occur. The pros is

obvious, the cons is the overhead for transmission. So, in a clean environment, higher fragment threshold can be an

option to increase throughput.

Fragmentation will be triggered by setting the Fragment Threshold, usually in Byte-length. Only when the frame size

is over the Threshold, fragmentation will take place automatically.

RTS Threshold : TRTS Threshold is in the range of 1~2347 byte. The default is 2347 byte.

The main purpose of enabling RTS by changing RTS threshold is to reduce possible collisions due to hidden wireless

clients. RTS in AP will be enabled automatically if the packet size is larger than the Threshold value. By default, RTS

is disabled in a normal environment supports non-jumbo frames.

Short Preamble : By default, it’s “Enable”. To Disable is to use Long 128-bit Preamble Synchronization field.

The preamble is used to signal "here is a train of data coming" to the receiver. The short preamble provides 72-bit

Synchronization field to improve WLAN transmission efficiency with less overhead.

Tx Burst : By default, it’s “Enable”. To Disable is to deactivate Tx Burst.

With TX burst enabled, AP will send many packets in a burst, without collision detection and RTS/CTS for each packet. TX

Burst have better throughput but cause interference with other APs in channel.

Pkt_Aggregate : By default, it's “Enable”

Increase efficiency by aggregating multiple packets of application data into a single transmission frame. In this way,

802.11n networks can send multiple data packets with the fixed overhead cost of just a single frame.

IEEE802.11H (DFS) : By default, it's “Disable”. To Enable is to use IEEE802.11H(DFS)

With DFS(Dynamic Frequency Selection) enabled, radio is operating on one of the following channels, the wireless

device uses DFS to monitor the operating frequency and switch to another frequency or reduce power as necessary:

DFS Channels 52, 56, 60, 64, 100, 104, 108, 112, 116, 120, 124, 128, 136, 140

The maximum legal transmit power is greater for some 5 GHz channels than for others. When the wireless device

randomly selects a 5 GHz channel on which power is restricted, the wireless device automatically reduces transmit

power to comply with power limits for that channel in that regulatory domain.

The Channel 52-140 is DFS channel. If tuen on IEEE802.11H, AP Will have 60 sec to do channel available

check, and will not send beacon and can not be connected. When WCB1200H2PX detect radar(5GHz) signal,

the AP will switch channel and stop beacon trasmit between 15 sec.

WMM : By default, it's “Disable”. To Enable is to use WMM and the WMM parameters should appears.

㻝㻞㻢

When you enable WMM, the “Tx Burst” will be Disabled automatically by system.

WMM Parameters of Access Point : This affects traffic flowing from the access point to the client station

Queue Data Transmitted

AP to Clients Priority Description

AC_BK Background. LowHigh throughput. Bulk data that requires maximum throughput and is not time-

sensitive is sent to this queue (FTP data, for example).

AC_BE Best Effort MediumMedium throughput and delay. Most traditional IP data is sent to this queue

AC_VIVideo High Minimum delay. Time-sensitive video data is automatically sent to this queue

AC_VOVoice HighTime-sensitive data like VoIP and streaming media are automatically sent to this

queue

Configuring QoS options consists of setting parameters on existing queues for different types of wireless traffic.

You can configure different minimum and maximum wait times for the transmission of packets in each queue

based on the requirements of the media being sent. Queues automatically provide minimum transmission delay

for Voice, Video, multimedia, and mission critical applications, and rely on best-effort parameters for traditional IP

data.

As an Example, time-sensitive Voice & Video, and multimedia are given effectively higher priority for transmission

(lower wait times for channel access), while other applications and traditional IP data which are less time-

sensitive but often more data-intensive are expected to tolerate longer wait times.

㻝㻞㻣

9Aifsn : The Arbitration Inter-Frame Spacing Number specifies a wait time (in milliseconds) for data frames

9CWmin : Minimum Contention Window. This parameter is input to the algorithm that determines the initial

random backoff wait time ("window") for retry of a transmission. The value specified here in the Minimum

Contention Window is the upper limit (in milliseconds) of a range from which the initial random backoff wait

time is determined.

9CWmax: Maximum Contention Window. The value specified here in the Maximum Contention Window is

the upper limit (in milliseconds) for the doubling of the random backoff value. This doubling continues until

either the data frame is sent or the Maximum Contention Window size is reached. Once the Maximum

Contention Window size is reached, retries will continue until a maximum number of retries allowed is

reached. Valid values for the "cwmax" are 1, 3, 7, 15, 31, 63, 127, 255, 511, or 1024. The value for "cwmax"

must be higher than the value for "cwmin".

9Txop : Transmission Opportunity is an interval of time when a WME AP has the right to initiate

transmissions onto the wireless medium (WM). This value specifies (in milliseconds) the Transmission

Opportunity (TXOP) for AP; that is, the interval of time when the WMM AP has the right to initiate

transmissions on the wireless network.

9ACM : Admission Control Mandatory, ACM only takes effect on AC_VI and AC_VO. When you do not click

Checkbox, it means that the ACM is controlled by the connecting AP. If you click Checkbox, it means that the

Client is in charge.

9AckPolicy : Acknowledgment Policy, WMM defines two ACK policies: Normal ACK and No ACK. Click

“Checkbox” indicates “No ACK”

When the no acknowledgment (No ACK) policy is used, the recipient does not acknowledge received

packets during wireless packet exchange. This policy is suitable in the environment where communication

quality is fine and interference is weak. While the No ACK policy helps improve transmission efficiency, it

can cause increased packet loss when communication quality deteriorates. This is because when this policy

is used, a sender does not retransmit packets that have not been received by the recipient.

When the Normal ACK policy is used, the recipient acknowledges each received unicast packet.

ÎWMM Parameters of Station : This affects traffic flowing from the client station to the access point.

Queue Data Transmitted

Clients to AP Priority Description

AC_BK Background. LowHigh throughput. Bulk data that requires maximum throughput and is not time-

sensitive is sent to this queue (FTP data, for example).

AC_BE Best Effort MediumMedium throughput and delay. Most traditional IP data is sent to this queue

AC_VIVideo High Minimum delay. Time-sensitive video data is automatically sent to this queue

AC_VOVoice HighTime-sensitive data like VoIP and streaming media are automatically sent to this

queue

9Aifsn : The Arbitration Inter-Frame Spacing Number specifies a wait time (in milliseconds) for data frames

9CWmin : Minimum Contention Window. This parameter is input to the algorithm that determines the initial

random backoff wait time ("window") for retry of a transmission. The value specified here in the Minimum

Contention Window is the upper limit (in milliseconds) of a range from which the initial random backoff wait

time is determined.

㻝㻞㻤

9CWmax: Maximum Contention Window. The value specified here in the Maximum Contention Window is

the upper limit (in milliseconds) for the doubling of the random backoff value. This doubling continues until

either the data frame is sent or the Maximum Contention Window size is reached. Once the Maximum

Contention Window size is reached, retries will continue until a maximum number of retries allowed is

reached. Valid values for the "cwmax" are 1, 3, 7, 15, 31, 63, 127, 255, 511, or 1024. The value for "cwmax"

must be higher than the value for "cwmin".

9Txop : Transmission Opportunity is an interval of time when a WME AP has the right to initiate

transmissions onto the wireless medium (WM). This value specifies (in milliseconds) the Transmission

Opportunity (Txop) for AP; that is, the interval of time when the WMM AP has the right to initiate

transmissions on the wireless network.

9ACM : Admission Control Mandatory, ACM only takes effect on AC_VI and AC_VO. When you do not click

Checkbox, it means that the ACM is controlled by the connecting AP. If you click Checkbox, it means that the

Client is in charge.

Change these settings as described here and click Save button to save your changes. Click Reboot button to activate

your changes. The items in this page are for AP's RF advanced settings and will be applied to Repeater AP.

㻝㻞㻥

Site Survey

Use this tool to scan and locate WISP Access Points and select one to associate with.

Please click on Wireless -> Site Survey. Below depicts an example for site survey.

ESSID : Available Extend Service Set ID of surrounding Access Points.

MAC Address : MAC addresses of surrounding Access Points.

Signal : Received signal strength of all found Access Points.

Channel : Channel numbers used by all found Access Points.

Security : Security type by all found Access Points.

Band : Wireless band used by all found Access Points.

Network Type : Network type used by all found Access Points.

Select : Click “Select” to configure settings and associate with chosen AP.

While clicking “Select” button in the Site Survey Table, the “ESSID” and “Security Type” will apply in the

Wireless Profile Setup. However, more settings are needed including Security Key.

㻝㻟㻜

Create Wireless Profile

The administrator can configure station profiles via this page.

Please click on Wireless -> Wireless Profile and follow the below setting.

MAC Address : The MAC address of the Wireless Station is displayed here.

Profile Name : Set different profiles for quick connection uses.

ESSID : AssignService Set ID for the wireless system.

Lock to AP MAC : This allows the station to always maintain connection to a particular AP with a specific MAC

address. This is useful as sometimes there can be few identically named SSID's (AP's) with different MAC

addresses. With AP lock on, the station will lock to MAC address and not roam between several Access Points with

the same ESSID.

Channel/Frequency : Select the desired channel range.

In CPE+AP or Client Bridge+Universal Repeater mode, the Sation's channel must be

same with AP. If TEW-676APBO configure different channel with AP, TEW-676APBO unable

connect to AP.

Security Type : Select the desired security type from the drop-down list; the options are “NONE” “OPEN”,

“SHARED”, “WPA-PSK” and “WPA2-PSK”.

ÎOPEN / SHARED : OPEN and SHARED require the user to set a WEP key to exchange data.

9Key Index : key index is used to designate the WEP key during data transmission. 4 different WEP keys

can be entered at the same time, but only one is chosen.

9WEP Key # : Enter HEX or ASCII format WEP key value; the system supports up to 4 sets of WEP keys.

Key Length Hex ASCII

64-bit 10 characters 5 characters

128-bit 26 characters 13 characters

㻝㻟㻝

ÎWPA-PSK (or WPA2-PSK) : WPA (or WPA2) Algorithms, allows the system accessing the network by using the

WPA-PSK protected access.

9Cipher Suite : Select the desired cipher suite from the drop-down list; the options are AES and TKIP

9Pre-shared Key : Enter the information for pre-shared key; the key can be either entered as a 256-bit

secret in 64 HEX digits format, or 8 to 63 ASCII characters.

Profile List : The user can manage the created profiles for home, work or public areas. Below depict an example for

Profile List

ÎClick “”Edit” an exist profile on the Profile List. The field of System Configuration and Security Policy will display

profile's content. Edit profile's content and then click “Save” button to save the profile.

ÎClick “Delete” to remove profile.

ÎClick and Select a profile from list, then click the “Connect” button to connecting to the wireless network with the

profile setting. After clicking “Connect” button, the system should be jump to Remote AP Page, you can verify

connecting status on Remote AP Page.

When you click “Save” button on this page, the system will connect to specify AP and jump

to Remote AP Page

If tuen on IEEE802.11H and TEW-676APBO connect AP with DFS channel 52-140,TEW-

676APBO Will have 60 sec to do channel available check, and will not send beacon and can

not be connected.

Change these settings as described here and click Save button to save your changes. Click Reboot button to activate

your changes

㻝㻟㻞

Wireless LAN Network Creation

The network manager can configure related wireless settings, Repeater AP Setup, Security Settings, and MAC Filter

Settings.

Repeater AP Setup

Administrators can configure ESSID, SSID broadcasting, Maximum number of client associations, security type settings

and MAC Filter settings.

Enable Repeater AP : By default, it’s “Enable” for repeater AP. Select “Enable” to activate Repeater AP or click

“Disable” to deactivate this function

ESSID : Extended Service Set ID, When clients are browsing for available wireless networks, this is the SSID that

will appear in the list. ESSID will determine the service type available to AP's clients associated with the specified AP.

Client Isolation : By default, it’s “Disable”.

Select “Enable”, all clients will be isolated from each other, which means they can’t reach each other.

Hidden SSID : By default, it’s “Disable”.

Enable this option to stop the SSID broadcast in your network. When disabled, people could easily obtain the SSID

information with the site survey software and get access to the network if security is not turned on. When enabled,

network security is enhanced. It’s suggested to enable it after AP security settings are archived and setting of AP's

clients could make to associate to it.

Maximum Clients : The default value is 32. You can enter the number of wireless clients that can associate to a

particular SSID. When the number of client is set to 5, only 5 clients at most are allowed to connect to this Repeater

AP.

Security Type : Select the desired security type from the drop-down list; the options are Disable,WEP,WPA-PSK,

WPA2-PSK,WPA-Enterprise,WPA2-Enterprise and WEP 802.1X.

ÎDisable : Data are unencrypted during transmission when this option is selected.

ÎWEP : Wired Equivalent Privacy(WEP) is a data encryption mechanism based on a 64-bit or 128-bit shared key.

㻝㻟㻟

9Authentication Method : Enable the desire option among OPEN,SHARED or WEPAUTO.

9Key Index : key index is used to designate the WEP key during data transmission. 4 different WEP keys

can be entered at the same time, but only one is chosen.

9WEP Key # : Enter HEX or ASCII format WEP key value; the system supports up to 4 sets of WEP keys.

Key Length Hex ASCII

64-bit 10 characters 5 characters

128-bit 26 characters 13 characters

ÎWPA-PSK (or WPA2-PSK) : WPA (or WPA2) Algorithms, allows the system accessing the network by using the

WPA-PSK protected access.

9Cipher Suite : By default, it is AES. Select either AES or TKIP cipher suites

9Pre-shared Key : Enter the pre-shared key; the format shall go with the selected key type.

Pre-shared key can be entered with either a 256-bit secret in 64 HEX digits format, or 8 to 63 ASCII characters.

9Group Key Update Period : By default, it is 3600 seconds. This time interval for rekeying GTK,

broadcast/multicast encryption keys, in seconds. Entering the time-length is required.

ÎWPA-Enterprise (or WPA2-Enterprise): The RADIUS authentication and encryption will be both enabled if this

is selected.

㻝㻟㻠

9WPA General Settings :

xCipher Suite : By default, it is AES. Select either AES or TKIP cipher suites

xGroup Key Update Period : By default, it’s 3600 seconds. This time interval for rekeying GTK,

broadcast/multicast encryption keys, in seconds. Entering the time-length is required.

xPMK Cache Period : By default, it's 10 minutes. Set WPA2 PMKID cache timeout period, after time

out, the cached key will be deleted.

xPre-Authentication : By default, it's “Disable”. To Enable is use to speed up roaming before pre-

authenticating IEEE 802.1X/EAP part of the full RSN authentication and key handshake before actually

associating with a new AP.

PMK Cache Period and Pre-Authentication is used in WPA2-Enterprise

9Radius Server Settings :

xIP Address : Enter the IP address of the Authentication RADIUS server.

xPort : By default, it’s 1812. The port number used to communicate with RADIUS server.

xShared secret : A secret key used between system and RADIUS server. Supports 8to 64 characters.

xSession Timeout : The Session timeout is in the range of 0~60 seconds. The default is 0to disable

re-authenticate service.

Amount of time before a client will be required to re-authenticate.

㻝㻟㻡

ÎWEP 802.1X : When WEP 802.1x Authentication is enabled, please refer to the following Dynamic WEP and

RADIUS settings to complete configuration.

9Radius Server Settings :

xIP Address : Enter the IP address of the Authentication RADIUS server.

xPort : By default, it’s 1812. The port number used to communicate with RADIUS server.

xShared secret : A secret key used between system and RADIUS server. Supports 8to 64 characters.

xSession Timeout : The Session timeout is in the range of 0~60 seconds. The default is 0to disable

re-authenticate service.

Amount of time before a client will be required to re-authenticate.

Change these settings as described here and click Save button to save your changes. Click Reboot button to activate

your changes

㻝㻟㻢

Wireless MAC Filter Setup

Continue 6.3.1 Repeater AP Setup section, the administrator can allow or reject clients to access Repeater AP.

MAC Filter Setup : By default, it’s “Disable”. Options are Disable, Only Deny List MAC or Only Allow List MAC.

Two ways to set MAC filter rules :

ÎOnly Allow List MAC.

The wireless clients in the “Enable” list will be allowed to access the Access Point; All others or clients in the

“Disable” list will be denied.

ÎOnly Deny List MAC.

The wireless clients in the “Enable” list will be denied to access the Access Point; All others or clients in the

“Disable” list will be allowed.

Add a station MAC : Enter MAC address (e.g. aa:bb:cc:00:00:0a) and click “Add” button, then the MAC address

should display in the “Enable” List.

There are amaximumof20 clients allowed in this “Enable” List. The MAC addresses of the wireless clients can be added

and removed to the list using the Add and Remove buttons.

Click Reboot button to activate your changes

MAC Access Control is the weakest security approach. WPA or WPA2 security method is highly recommended.

㻝㻟㻣

SystemManagement

Configure Management

Administrator could specify geographical location of the system via instructions in this page. Administrator could also

enter new Root and Admin passwords and allow multiple login methods.

Please click System -> Management and follow the below settings.

System Information

ÎSystem Name : Enter a desired name or use the default one.

ÎDescription : Provide description of the system.

ÎLocation : Enter geographical location information of the system. It helps administrator to locate the system

easier.

The system supports two management accounts, root and admin. The network manager is assigned with full

administrative privileges, when logging in as root user, to manage the system in all aspects. While logging in as an

admin user, only subset of privileges is granted such as basic maintenance. For example, root user can change

passwords for both root and admin account, and admin user can only manage its own. For more information about

covered privileges for these two accounts, please refer to Appendix D. Network manager Privileges.

Root Password : Log in as a root user and is allowed to change its own, plus admin user’s password.

ÎNew Password : Enter a new password if desired

ÎCheck New Password : Enter the same new password again to check.

Admin Password : Log in as a admin user and is allowed to change its own,

ÎNew Password : Enter a new password if desired

ÎCheck New Password : Enter the same new password again to check.

Admin Login Methods : Only root user can enable or disable system login methods and change services port.

TEW-676APBO

㻝㻟㻤

ÎEnable HTTP : Check to select HTTP Service.

ÎHTTP Port : The default is 80 and the range is between 1 ~ 65535.

ÎEnable HTTPS : Check to select HTTPS Service

ÎHTTPS Port : The default is 443 and the range is between 1 ~ 65535.

If you already have an SSL Certificate, please click “UploadKey” button to select the file and upload it.

ÎEnable Telnet : Check to select Telnet Service

ÎTelnet Port : The default is 23 and the range is between 1 ~ 65535.

ÎEnable SSH : Check to select SSH Service

ÎSSH Port : Please The default is 22 and the range is between 1 ~ 65535.

Click “GenerateKey” button to generate RSA private key. The “host key footprint” gray blank will display

content of RSA key.

Ping Watchdog : The ping watchdog sets the TEW-676APBO Device to continuously ping a user defined IP address

(it can be the internet gateway for example). If it is unable to ping under the user defined constraints, the TEW-

676APBO device will automatically reboot. This option creates a kind of "fail-proof" mechanism.

Ping Watchdog is dedicated for continuous monitoring of the particular connection to remote host using the Ping tool.

The Ping works by sending ICMP “echo request” packets to the target host and listening for ICMP “echo response”

replies. If the defined number of replies is not received, the tool reboots the device.

ÎEnable Ping Watchdog : control will enable PingWatchdog Tool.

ÎIP Address To Ping : specify an IP address of the target host which will be monitored by Ping Watchdog Tool.

ÎPing Interval : specify time interval (in seconds) between the ICMP “echo requests” are sent by the Ping

Watchdog Tool. Default is 300 seconds.

ÎStartup Delay : specify initial time delay (in seconds) until first ICMP “echo requests” are sent by the Ping

Watchdog Tool. The value of Startup Delay should be at least 60 seconds as the network interface and wireless

connection initialization takes considerable amount of time if the device is rebooted. Default is 300 seconds.

ÎFailure Count To Reboot : specify the number of ICMP “echo response” replies. If the specified number of

ICMP “echo response” packets is not received continuously, the Ping Watchdog Tool will reboot the device.

㻝㻟㻥

Click Save button to save your changes. Click Reboot button to activate your changes

Without a valid certificate, users may encounter the following problem in IE7 when they try to access system's WMI

(https://192.168.2.254). There will be a “Certificate Error”, because the browser treats system as an illegal website.

Click “Continue to this website” to access the system's WMI. The system's Overview pagewill appear.

㻝㻠㻜

Configure System Time

System time can be configured via this page, and manual setting or via a NTP server is supported.

Please click on System -> Time Server and follow the below setting.

Local Time : Display the current system time.

NTP Client : To synchronize the system time with NTP server.

ÎEnable : Check to select NTP client.

ÎDefault NTP Server : Select the NTP Server from the drop-down list.

ÎTime Zone : Select a desired time zone from the drop-down list.

ÎDaylight saving time : Enable or disable Daylight saving.

If the system time from NTP server seems incorrect, please verify your network settings, like default Gateway

and DNS settings

Click Save button to save your changes. Click Reboot button to activate your changes

㻝㻠㻝

Configure UPnP

Universal Plug and Play(UPnP) is an architecture to enable pervasive peer-to-peer network connectivity between PCs,

intelligent devices and appliances when UPnP is supported. UPnP works on TCP/IP network to enable UPnP devices to

connect and access to each other, very well adopted in home networking environment.

UPnP : By default, it’s “Disable”. Select “Enable” or “Disable” of UPnP Service.

Click Save button to save changes and click Reboot button to activate changes

For UPnP to work in Windows XP, the “TEW-676APBO” must be available in “My Network Places”, as shown here: (your

specific model may vary)

If these devices are not available, you should verify that the correct components and services are loaded in Windows XP.

Please refer to Appendix E. Using UPnP on Windows XP

TEW-675APBO/TEW-676APBO

㻝㻠㻞

Configure SNMP Setup

SNMP is an application-layer protocol that provides a message format for communication between SNMP managers and

agents. By enabling SNMP function, the administrator can obtain the system information remotely.

Please click on System -> SNMP Setup and follow the below setting.

SNMP v2c Enable: Check to enable SNMP v2c.

Îro community : Set a community string to authorize read-only access.

Îrw community : Set a community string to authorize read/write access.

SNMP v3 Enable: Check to enable SNMP v3.

SNMPv3 supports the highest level SNMP security.

ÎSNMP ro user : Set a community string to authorize read-only access.

ÎSNMP ro password : Set a password to authorize read-only access.

ÎSNMP rw user : Set a community string to authorize read/write access.

ÎSNMP rw password : Set a password to authorize read/write access.

SNMP Trap : Events such as cold start, interface up & down, and association & disassociation will report to an

assigned server.

㻝㻠㻟

ÎCommunity : Set a community string required by the remote host computer that will receive trap messages or

notices send by the system.

ÎIP : Enter the IP addresses of the remote hosts to receive trap messages.

Click Save button to save changes and click Reboot button to activate.

㻝㻠㻠

Backup / Restore and Reset to Factory

Backup current configuration, restore prior configuration or reset back to factory default configuration can be executed via

this page.

Please click on Utilities -> Profile Setting and follow the below setting.

Save Settings to PC : Click Save button to save the current configuration to a local disk.

Load Settings from PC : Click Browse button to locate a configuration file to restore, and then click Upload button

to upload.

Reset To Factory Default : Click Default button to reset back to the factory default settings and expect Successful

loading message.Then, click Reboot button to activate.

㻝㻠㻡

Firmware Upgrade

Firmware is the main software image that system needs to respond to requests and to manage real time operations.

Firmware upgrades are sometimes required to include new features or bugs fix. It takes around 2minutes to upgrade

due to complexity of firmware. To upgrade system firmware, click Browse button to locate the new firmware, and then

click Upgrade button to upgrade.

1. To prevent data loss during firmware upgrade, please back up current settings before proceeding.

2. Do not interrupt during firmware upgrade including power on/off as this may damage system.

3. Never perform firmware upgrade over wireless connection or via remote access connection.

㻝㻠㻢

Network Utility

The administrator can diagnose network connectivity via the PING and TRACEROUTE utility.

Please click on Utilities -> Network Utility and follow the below setting

Ping : This utility will help ping other devices on the network to verify connectivity. Ping utility, using ICMP packets,

detects connectivity and latency between two network nodes. As result of that, packet loss and latency time are

available in the Result field while running the PING test.

ÎDestination IP/Domain : Enter desired domain name, i.e. www.google.com,or IP address of the destination,

and click ping button to proceed. The ping result will be shown in the Result field.

ÎCount : By default, it’s 5 and the range is from 1 to 50. It indicates number of connectivity test.

Traceroute : Allows tracing the hops from the TEW-676APBO device to a selected outgoing IP

address. It should be used for the finding the route taken by ICMP packets across the network to the destination host.

The test is started using the Start button, click Stop button to stopped test

ÎDestination Host : Specifies the Destination Host for the finding the route taken by ICMP packets across the

network.

ÎMAX Hop : Specifies the maximum number of hops( max time-to-live value) traceroute will probe.

㻝㻠㻣

Reboot

This function allows user to restart system with existing or most current settings when changes are made. Click Reboot

button to proceed and take around three minutes to complete.

A reminder will be available for remaining time to complete. If power cycle is necessary, please wait till completion of the

reboot process.

The System Overview page appears upon the completion of reboot.

㻝㻠㻤

Access Control List

IP Filter Setup

Allows to create deny or allow rules to filter ingress or egress packets from specific source and/or to destination IP

address on wired (LAN) or Wireless (WAN) ports. Filter rules could be used to filter unicast or multicast packets on

different protocols as shown in the IP Filter Setup. Important to note that IP filter rules has precedence over Virtual server

rules.

Please click on Advance -> IP Filter Setup and follow the below setting.

Source Address/Mask : Enter desired source IP address and netmask; i.e. 192.168.2.10/32.

Source Port : Enter a port or a range of ports as start:end; i.e. port 20:80

Destination Address/Mask : Enter desired destination IP address and netmask; i.e. 192.168.1.10/32

Destination Port : Enter a port or a range of ports as start:end; i.e. port 20:80

In/Out : Applies to Ingress or egress packets

Protocol : Supports TCP,UDP or ICMP.

Listen : Click Yes radial button to match TCP packets only with the SYN flag.

Active : Deny to drop and Pass to allow per filter rules

Interface : The interface that a filter rule applies

All packets are allowed by default. Deny rules could be added to the filter list to filter out unwanted packets and

leave remaining allowed.

Click “Save” button to add IP filter rule. Total of 20 rules maximum allowed in the IP Filter List. All rules can be edited or

removed from the List. Click Reboot button to activate your changes.

When you create rules in the IP Filter List, the prior rules maintain higher priority. To allow limited access from a subnet to

a destination network manager needs to create allow rules first and followed by deny rules. So, if you just want one IP

address to access the system via telnet fromyour subnet, not others, the Example 1 demonstrates it, not rules in the

Example 2.

㻝㻠㻥

ÎExample 1 : Create a higher priority rule to allow IP address 192.168.2.2 Telnet access from LAN port first, and

deny Telnet access from remaining IP addresses in the same subnet.

Rule

Source Destination

In/Out Protocol Listen Action Side

IP/Mask Port IP/Mask Port

1192.168.2.2/32192.168.2.254/3222 In TCP n Pass LAN

2192.168.2.0/24192.168.2.254/3222 In TCP n Deny LAN

ÎExample 2 : All Telnet access to the system from the IP addresses of subnet 192.168.2.x works with the rule 1

of Example 2. The rule 2 won’t make any difference.

Rule

Source Destination

In/Out Protocol Listen Action Side

IP/Mask Port IP/Mask Port

1192.168.2.0/24192.168.2.254/3222 In TCP n Deny LAN

2192.168.2.2/32192.168.2.254/3222 In TCP n pass LAN

㻝㻡㻜

MAC Filter Setup

Allows to create MAC filter rules to allow or deny unicast or multicast packets from limited number of MAC addresses.

Important to note that MAC filter rules have precedence over IP Filter rules.

Please click on Advance -> MAC Filter Setup and follow the below setting.

MAC Filter Rule : By default, it’s “Disable”. Options are Disabled,Only Deny List MAC or Only Allow List MAC.

Click Save button to save your change.

Two ways to set the MAC Filter List:

ÎOnly Allow List MAC.

The wireless clients in the MAC Filter List will be allowed to access to Access Point; All others will be denied.

ÎOnly Deny List MAC.

The wireless clients in the MAC Filter List will be denied to access to Access Point; All others will be allowed.

MAC Address : Enter MAC address (e.g. aa:bb:cc:00:00:0a) and click “Add” button, then the MAC address should

display in the MAC Filter List.

There are amaximumof20 clients allowed in this MAC Filter List. The MAC addresses of the wireless clients can be

added and removed to the list using the Add and Delete buttons.

Click Reboot button to activate your changes

㻝㻡㻝

Parental Control Setup

Parental Control allows you to block or allow specific kinds of Internet usage and traffic, such as Internet access,

designated services, and websites.

Please click on Advance -> Parental Control and follow the below setting.

Rules : control can be managed by a rule. Use the settings on this screen to establish an access policy.

ÎComment : Enter a descriptive name for this rule for identifying purposes.

ÎMAC Address : Enter MAC address in valid MAC address format(xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx) and click “Add” button to

add in the MAC group of each rule. Click “Remove” button can remove MAC address in the group of each rule.

There are 10 MAC address maximum allowed in each rule.

ÎLocal / Destination IP : Specify local(LAN)/ destination IP addresses range required for this rule. If you specify

local IP addresses range from 192.168.1.1 to 192.168.2.254. The matches a range of local IP addresses

include every single IP address from the first to the last, so the example above includes everything from

192.168.1.1 to 192.168.2.254.

SSID: Main

192.168.2.x

Internet

WIFI WAN

192.168.1.254

Main Base Station

192.168.1.150

LAN

192.168.2.254

NAT

192.168.2.x

MSN

Facebook

SSID: Re

eater Main

TEW-676APBO

㻝㻡㻞

ÎProtocol : Select Any or specify protocol(TCP,UDP,ICMP,URL Blocking and Application) from drop-down

list. When you select ICMP or Layer 7 Application , the Local(LAN)/ Destination Port can not used.

If you want to block websites with specific URL address or using specific keywords, enter each URL or keyworks

in the “URL Blocking” field and click “Add” button to add in the URL Blocking list of each rule. Click “Remove”

button can remove URL or keywords.

ÎLocal Port : Specify local port(LAN port) range required for this rule

ÎDestination Port : Specify destination port range required for this rule

ÎActive : Check Enable button to activate this rule, and Disable to deactivate.

Click “Add” button to add control rule to List. There are 10 rules maximum allowed in this Control List. All rules can be

removed or edited on the List. Click Reboot button to activate your changes.

㻝㻡㻟

QoS Setup

Quality of Service (QoS) refers to both a network's ability to deliver data with minimum delay, and the networking

methods used to control the use of bandwidth. Without QoS, all traffic data is equally likely to be dropped when the

network is congested. This can cause a reduction in network performance and make the network inadequate for time-

critical application such as video-on-demand.

A classifier groups traffic into data flows according to specific criteria such as the source address, destination address,

source port number, destination port number or incoming port number. For example, you can configure a classifier to

select traffic from the same protocol port (such as FTP) to form a flow.

Please click on Advance -> QoS and follow the below setting.

192.168.2.x

WAN

192.168.1.254

LAN

192.168.2.254

NAT

Download: 2048K

load: 1024K

Download: 512K

load: 256K

192.168.2.51

MAC-00:0B:6B:AA:BB:02

192.168.2.50

MAC-00:0B:6B:AA:BB:01

Download: 1024K

load: 256K

Sha

TEW-676APBO

SSID: Main

192.168.2.x

Internet

WIFI WAN

192.168.1.254

Main Base Station

192.168.1.150

LAN

192.168.2.254

NAT

192.168.2.x

Down: 2048Kbps

Up: 1024Kbps

SSID: Re

eater Main

Down: 1024Kbps

Up: 512Kbps

TEW-676APBO

㻝㻡㻠

Rules : Use the rules to define the classifiers. After you define the rules, you can specify action to act upon the traffic

that matches the rules

ÎComment : Enter a descriptive name for this rule for identifying purposes.

ÎMAC Address : Enter MAC address in valid MAC address format(xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx) and click “Add” button to

add in the MAC group of each rule. Click “Remove” button can remove MAC address in the group of each rule.

There are 10 MAC address maximum allowed in each rule.

ÎLocal / Destination IP : Specify local(LAN)/ destination IP addresses range required for this rule. If you specify

local IP addresses range from 192.168.1.1 to 192.168.2.254. The matches a range of local IP addresses

include every single IP address from the first to the last, so the example above includes everything from

192.168.1.1 to 192.168.2.254.

ÎDSCP Class : Differentiated services code point, DSCP. Select Any or specifyclassify traffic from drop-down list.

The Per-Hop Behavior (PHB) is indicated by encoding a 6-bit value—called the Differentiated Services Code

Point (DSCP)—into the 8-bit Differentiated Services (DS) field of the IP packet header. Below depicts class for

DSCP.

9BE : Default PHB, which is typically best-effort traffic

9EF : Expedited Forwarding PHB, dedicated to low-loss, low-latency traffic

9AF : Assured Forwarding PHB, which gives assurance of delivery under conditions. The AF behavior group

defines four separate AF classes. Within each class, packets are given a drop precedence (high, medium or

low). The combination of classes and drop precedence yields twelve separate DSCP encodings from AF11

through AF43 (see table)

㻝㻡㻡

DROP Precedence Class 1 Class 2 Class 3 Class 4

Low Drop AF11 AF21 AF31 AF41

Medium Drop AF12AF22 AF32AF42

High Drop AF13 AF23 AF33 AF43

ÎProtocol : Select Any or specify protocol from drop-down list. When you select ICMP or Layer 7 Application ,

the Source/ Destination Port cannot be used.

ÎLocal Port : Specify local port(LAN port) range required for this rule

ÎDestination Port : Specify destination port range required for this rule

Action : After configuring rule, a policy rule ensures that a traffic flow gets the requested treatment in the network.

ÎRemark DSCP : Specify a new DSCP class, if you want to replace or remark the DSCP

ÎBandwidth : Click “Enable” to activate function, and click “Disable” to deactivate function

ÎUpload / Download : Specify the bandwidth in kilobit per second (Kbps). Enter a number between 8to 8192,

default upload is 128 Kbps, download is 1024 Kbps.

Click “Add” button to add QoS rule to List. There are 10 rules maximum allowed in this QoS List. All rules can be removed

or edited on the List. Click Reboot button to activate your changes.

When you create rules on the QoS List, the previous rules have higher priority. . Below depict the examples for explaining

priority of QoS setup.

¾Example 1 : On this setting, the FTP has 1024 Kbps upload and 8196 Kbps download on 192.168.2.10. The

remaining IP address and other remaining protocol of IP address 192.168.2.10 only can use total bandwidth 512

Kbps bandwidth. Because rule 1's priority is higher than rule 2

Rule Source IP Destination IP DSCP Protocol Remark DSCP Bandwidth (Up/Down)

1192.168.2.10 ANYFTP NO 1024/8196

2ANYANYNO 512/512

¾Example 2 : On this setting, the FTP has 512 Kbps upload and 512 Kbps download on 192.168.2.10 Because

rule 1's priority is higher than rule 2

Rule Source IP Destination IP DSCP Protocol Remark DSCP Bandwidth (Up/Down)

1ANYANYNO 512/512

2192.168.2.10 ANYFTP NO 1024/8196

㻝㻡㻢

Resource Sharing

DMZ

DMZ is commonly work with the NAT functionality as an alternative of Virtual Server(Port Forwarding)while wanting all

ports of DMZ host visible to Internet users. Virtual Server rules have precedence over the DMZ rule. In order to use a

range of ports available to access to different internal hosts Virtual Server rules are needed.

Please click on Advance -> DMZ and follow the below setting.

DMZ : By default, it’s “Disable”. Check Enable radial button to enable DMZ.

IP Address : Enter IP address of DMZ host and only one DMZ host is supported.

Click Save button to save your changes. Click Reboot button to activate your changes.

SSID: Main

192.168.2.Ĳı

Internet

WIFI WAN

192.168.1.254

Main Base Station

192.168.1.150

LAN

192.168.2.254

NAT

192.168.2.x

DMZ

192.168.2.Ĳı

SSID: Re

eater Main

TEW-676APBO

㻝㻡㻣

Virtual Server (Port Forwarding)

“Virtual Server” can also referred to as “Port Forward” as well and used interchangeably. Resources in the network can be

exposed to the Internet users in a controlled manner including on-line gaming, video conferencing or others via Virtual

Server setup. Don’t repeat ports’ usage to avoid confusion.

Suppose you want to assign ports 21-25 to one FTP, Telnet and SMTP server (A in the example), and port 80 to another

(B in the example). You assign the LAN IP addresses and the ISP assigns the WAN IP address. The NAT network

appears as a single host on the Internet.

Please click on Advance -> Virtual Server and follow the below setting.

Virtual Server : By Default, It’s “Disable”.Check Enable radial button to enable Virtual Server.

Description : Enter appropriate message for resource sharing via Virtual Server.

Private IP : Enter corresponding IP address of internal resource to share.

Protocol Type : Select appropriate sessions, TCP or UDP, from shared host via multiple private ports.

Private Port : A port or a range of ports may be specified as start:end; i.e. port 20:80

Public Port : A port or a range of ports may be specified as start:end; i.e. port 20:80

The Private Port and Public Port can be different. However, total number of ports need to be the same.

Example : Public Port is 11 to 20 and the Private Port can be a 10 ports range.

SSID: Main

192.168.2.20ġ

Port: 21-25

Internet

WIFI WAN

192.168.1.254

Main Base Station

192.168.1.150

LAN

192.168.2.254

NAT

192.168.2.10

SSID: Re

eater Main

192.168.2.21

Port: 80

TEW-676APBO

㻝㻡㻤

Click “Add” button to add Virtual Server rule to List. Total of maximum20 rules are allowed in this List. All rules can be

edited or removed from the List. Click Reboot button to activate your changes.

While creating multiple Virtual Server rules, the prior rules have higher priority. The Virtual server rules have precedence

over the DMZ one while both rules exist. Example 1 and 2 demonstrate proper usage of DMZ and Virtual Server rules.

Example 1 : All connections should be redirected to 192.168.2.12 while DMZ is enabled. Since Virtual Server rules

have precedence over the DMZ rule all connections to TCP port 22 will be directed to TCP port 22 of 192.168.2.10

and remaining connections to port TCP 20~80 will be redirected to port TCP 20~80 of 192.168.2.11

DMZ Enabled : 192.168.2.12

Rule Protocol Private IP Private Port Public Port

1 TCP 192.168.2.10 22 22

2TCP 192.168.2.11 20:80 20:80

Example 2 : All connections should be redirected to 192.168.2.12 while DMZ is enabled. Since Virtual Server rules

have precedence over the DMZ rule all other connections to TCP port 20~80 will be redirected to port 20~80 of

192.168.2.11. The rule 2 won’t take effect.

DMZ Enabled : 192.168.2.12

Rule Protocol Private IP Private Port Public Port

1 TCP 192.168.2.11 20:80 20:80

2TCP 192.168.2.10 22 22

㻝㻡㻥

System Status

This section breaks down into subsections of System Overview,Associated Clients Status, Remote AP,Extra

Information and Event Log.

Overview

Detailed information on System,WAN Information,LAN Information,Wireless Information and DHCP Server Status

can be reviewed via this page.

System : Display the information of the system.

ÎSystem Name : The name of the system.

ÎOperating Mode : The mode currently in service.

ÎLocation : The reminding note on the geographical location of the system.

ÎDescription : The reminding note of the system.

ÎFirmware Version : The current firmware version installed.

ÎFirmware Date : The build time of the firmware installed.

ÎDevice Time : The current time of the system.

ÎSystem Up Time : The time period that system has been in service since last reboot.

WAN Information : Display the information of the WAN interface.

The WAN port specified Dynamic IP, the Release and Renew button will be show-up, click Release button to

release IP address of WAN port, Renew button to renew IP address through DHCP server.

TEW-676APBO

㻝㻢㻜

The WAN port specified PPPoE or PPTP, and the Connect and DisConnect button will be show up. Click “Connect”

button to assigned IP address from PPPoE or PPTP server, “DisConnect” button to release IP address of WAN port.

ÎMode : Supports Static, Dynamic, PPPoE and PPTP modes.

ÎReconnect Mode : The current reconnect mode of the PPPoE or PPTP.

ÎMAC Address : The MAC address of the WAN port.

ÎIP Address : The IP address of the WAN port.

ÎIP Netmask : The IP netmask of the WAN port.

ÎIP Gateway : The gateway IP address of the WAN port.

ÎPrimary DNS : The primary DNS server in service.

ÎSecondary DNS : The secondary DNS server in service.

LAN Information : Display total received and transmitted statistics on the LAN interface.

ÎMAC Address : The MAC address of the LAN port.

ÎIP Address : The IP address of the LAN port.

ÎIP Netmask : The IP netmask of the LAN port.

ÎReceive bytes : The total received packets in bytes on the LAN port.

ÎReceive packets : The total received packets of the LAN port.

ÎTransmit bytes : The total transmitted packets in bytes of the LAN port.

ÎTransmit packets : The total transmitted packets of the LAN port.

㻝㻢㻝

Wireless Information : Display the detailed receive and transmit statistics of Wireless interface.

ÎAP MAC Address : The MAC address of the Repeater AP.

ÎStation MAC Address : The MAC address of the Wireless Client Station.

ÎChannel : The current channel on the Wireless port.

ÎAP Rate : The current Bit Rate on the Repeater AP.

ÎStation Rate : The current Bit Rate on the Wireless Client Station.

ÎReceive bytes :The total received packets in bytes on the Wireless port.

ÎReceive packets : The total received packets on the Wireless port.

ÎTransmit bytes : The total transmitted packets in bytes on the Wireless port.

ÎTransmit packets : The total transmitted packets on the Wireless port.

DHCP Server Status : Users could retrieve DHCP server and DHCP clients’ IP/MAC address via this field.

ÎIP Address : IP addresses to LAN devices by DHCP server.

ÎMAC Address : MAC addresses of LAN devices.

ÎExpired In : Shows how long the leased IP address will expire.

㻝㻢㻞

Associated Clients Status

It displays ESSID, on/off Status, Security Type, total number of wireless clients associated with Repeater AP.

AP Information : Highlights key Repeater AP information.

ÎAP : Available Repeater AP.

ÎESSID : Display name of ESSID for Repeater AP.

ÎMAC Address : Display MAC address for Repeater AP.

ÎStatus : On/Off

ÎSecurity Type : Display chosen security type; WEP, WPA/WPA2-PSK, WPA/WPA2-Enterprise.

ÎClients : Display total number of wireless connections on Repeater AP.

Repeater AP Clients : Display all associated clients.

ÎMAC Address : MAC address of associated clients

ÎSignal Strength ANT0/ANT1 : Signal Strength of from associated clients.

ÎBandwidth : Channel bandwidth of from associated clients

ÎIdle Time : Last inactive time period in seconds for a wireless connection.

ÎConnect Time : Total connection time period in seconds for a wireless connection.

ÎDisconnect : Click “Delete” button to manually disconnect a wireless client in a Repeater AP.

㻝㻢㻟

Remote AP

SSID, MAC address, antenna 0/1 received signal strength and channel bandwidth for associated AP are available.

ESSID : Shows the current ESSID, which must be the same on the wireless client and AP in order for communication

to be established.

MAC Address : Display MAC address of associated AP.

Signal Strength ANT0/ANT1 : Shows the wireless signal strength of the connection between system and an access

point.

BandWidth : Shows the current channel bandwidth used for communication. It should be “20” or “40”

If display “No Connection AP!” , you need check Wireless configuration. Things to verify are Channel and

Security type. Also,adjust antenna angle and Tx Power.

㻝㻢㻠

Extra Info

Users could pull out information such as Route table, ARP table, MAC table, Bridge table or STP available in the drop-

down list from system. The “Refresh” button is used to retrieve latest table information.

Netstat Information : Select “NetStatus Information” on the drop-down list, the connection track list should

show-up, the list can be updated using the Refresh button.

NetStatus will show all connection track on the system, the information include Protocol,Live Time,Status ,

Source/Destination IP address and Port.

Route table information : Select “Route table information” on the drop-down list to display route table.

TEW-676APBO could be used as a L2 or L3 device. It doesn’t support dynamic routing protocols such as RIP or

OSPF. Static routes to specific hosts, networks or default gateway are set up automatically according to the IP

configuration of system's interfaces. When used as a L2 device, it could switch packets and, as L3 device, it’s

capable of being a gateway to route packets inward and outward.

ARP table Information : Select “ARP Table Information” on the drop-down list to display ARP table.

ARP associates each IP address to a unique hardware address (MAC) of a device. It is important to have a unique IP

address as final destination to switch packets to.

Bridge table information : Select “Bridge Table information” on the drop-down list to display bridge table.

Bridge table will show Bridge ID and STP's Status on the each Ethernet bridge and its attached interfaces, the Bridge

Port should be attached to some interfaces.

㻝㻢㻡

Bridge MAC information : Select “Bridge MACs Information” on the drop-down list to display MAC table.

This table displays local MAC addresses associated with wired or wireless interfaces, but also remember non-local

MAC addresses learned from wired or wireless interfaces.

Ageing timers will be reset when existing MAC addresses in table are learned again or added when new MAC

addresses are seen from wired or wireless interfaces as well. When time runs out for a particular entry, it will be

pruned from the table. In that situation, switching packet to that particular MAC address will be discontinued.

Bridge STP Information : Select “Bridge STP Information” on the drop-down list to display a list of bridge STP

information.

㻝㻢㻢

QoS Plot

The QoS Plot show graphs which continuously represents the current data traffic on each QoS rule. The chart scale and

throughput dimension (bps, Kbps, Mbps) changes dynamically according to the mean throughput value. The statistics is

updated automatically every 5seconds. The throughput statistics of QoS can be updated manually using the Refresh

button.

㻝㻢㻣

Event Log

The Event log displays system events when system is up and running. Also, it becomes very useful as a troubleshooting

tool when issues are experienced in system.

Time : The date and time when the event occurred.

Facility : It helps users to identify source of events such “System” or “User”

Severity : Severity level that a specific event is associated such as “info”, “error”, “warning”, etc.

Message : Description of the event.

Click Refresh button to renew the log, or click Clear button to clear all the record.

Client Bridge + Universal Repeater Configuration

When Client Bridge+Universal Repeater mode is activated, the system can be configured as an Access Point and Client

Station simultaneously. This section provides information in configuring the Client Bridge+Universal Repeater mode with

graphical illustrations. TEW-676APBO provides functions as stated below where they can be configured via a user-

friendly web based interface.

Option SystemWireless Utilities Status

Functions

Operating Mode General Setup Profiles SettingsSystem Overview

LAN Advanced Setup Firmware Upgrade Clients

Management Repeater AP Setup Network Utility Remote AP

Time Server Wireless Profile Reboot Extra Info

SNMP Site Survey Event Log

Table 7-1: Client Bridge+Universal Repeater Mode Functions

㻝㻢㻤

External Network Connection

Network Requirement

It can be used as an Client Bridge or Universal Repeater to receive and repeat wireless signal over last mile applications,

helping WISPs deliver wireless broadband Internet service to new residential and business customers. In this mode,

TEW-676APBO is enabled with DHCP Server functions. The wired clients of WCB1200H2PX are in the samesubnet

from Main Base Station and it accepts wireless connections from wireless client devices.

Figure 7-1 Client Bridge + Universal Repeater mode network Configuration

When the TEW-676APBO configured as an Access Point and Client Station simultaneously, the Wireless

General and Advanced Setup also used simultaneously. But the Security Type can be different. In the other

word, the channel or other settings will be the same between TEW-676APBO to Main Base Station and

wireless client to TEW-676APBO, but security type can be different.

Internet

Main Base Station

192.168.2.250

192.168.2.x

192.168.2.254

SSID: Main

AP SSID: Re

eater

Main

192.168.2.10

TEW-676APBO

㻝㻢㻥

Configure LAN IP

Here are the instructions for how to setup the local IP Address and Netmask.

Please click on System -> LAN and follow the below setting.

Mode : Check either “Static IP” or “Dynamic IP” button as desired to set up the system IP of LAN port .

ÎStatic IP : The administrator can manually setup the LAN IP address when static IP is available/ preferred.

9IP Address : The IP address of the LAN port; default IP address is 192.168.2.254

9IP Netmask : The Subnet mask of the LAN port; default Netmask is 255.255.255.0

9IP Gateway : The default gateway of the LAN port; default Gateway is 192.168.2.1

ÎDynamic IP : This configuration type is applicable when the WCB1200H2PX is connected to a network with the

presence of a DHCP server; all related IP information will be provided by the DHCP server automatically.

Hostname : The Hostname of the LAN port

DNS : Check either “No Default DNS Server” or “Specify DNS Server IP” button as desired to set up the system

DNS.

ÎPrimary : The IP address of the primary DNS server.

ÎSecondary : The IP address of the secondary DNS server.

DHCP Setup : Devices connected to the system can obtain an IP address automatically when this service is

enabled.

㻝㻣㻜

ÎDHCP : Check Enable button to activate this function or Disable to deactivate this service.

ÎStart IP / End IP: Specify the range of IP addresses to be used by the DHCP server when assigning IP address

to clients. The default range IP address is 192.168.2.10 to 192.168.2.70, the netmask is 255.255.255.0

ÎDNS1 IP : Enter IP address of the first DNS server; this field is required.

ÎDNS2 IP : Enter IP address of the second DNS server; this is optional.

ÎWINS IP : Enter IP address of the Windows Internet Name Service (WINS) server; this is optional.

ÎDomain : Enter the domain name for this network.

ÎLease Time : The IP addresses given out by the DHCP server will only be valid for the duration specified by

the lease time. Increasing the time ensure client operation without interruptions, but could introduce potential

conflicts. Lowering the lease time will avoid potential address conflicts, but might cause more interruptions to the

client while it will acquire new IP addresses from the DHCP server. Default is 86400 seconds

Click Save button to save your changes. Click Reboot button to activate your changes

㻝㻣㻝

Access Point Association

Configure Wireless General Setting

The administrator can change the data transmission, channel and output power settings for the system. Please click on

Wireless -> General Setup and follow the below setting.

Band Mode : Select an appropriate wireless band; bands available are 801.11aor 802.11a/n mixed mode.

Transmit Rate Control : Select the desired rate from the drop-down list; the options are auto or ranging from 6to 54

Mbps for 802.11a

Country : Select the desired country code from the drop-down list; the options are US,ETSI,JP and NONE.

Tx Power : You can adjust the output power of the system to get the appropriate coverage for your wireless network.

Specify digit number between 1to 100 (the unit is %) for your environment. If you are not sure of which setting to

choose, then keep the default setting, 100%.

When Band Mode select in 802.11a only mode, the HT(High Throughput) Physical Mode and 11n Configuration

settings should be hidden immediately.

Operating Mode : By default, it's Mixed Mode

ÎMixed Mode : In this mode packets are transmitted with a preamble compatible with the legacy 802.11a/g, the

rest of the packet has a new format. In this mode the receiver shall be able to decode both the Mixed Mode

packets and legacy packets.

ÎGreen Field : In this mode high throughput packets are transmitted without a legacy compatible part.

Channel Bandwidth : The "Auto” MHz option is usually best. The other option is available for special circumstances.

Guard Interval : Using “Auto” option can increase throughput. However, it can also increase error rate in some

installations, due to increased sensitivity to radio-frequency reflections. Select the option that works best for your

installation.

㻝㻣㻞

MCS : This parameter represents transmission rate. By default (Auto) the fastest possible transmission rate will be

selected. You have the option of selecting the speed if necessary. (Refer to Appendix C. MCS Data Rate)

MPDU Enable : Check Enable button to activate this function, and Disable to deactivate.

A-MPDU : A-MPDU (Aggregated Mac Protocol Data Unit) allows the transmissions of multiple Ethernet frames to a

single location as burst of up to 64kbytes This is performed on the hardware itself. Select “Manual” to set “MPDU

Density”

MPDU Density : Minimum separation of MPDUs in an A-MPDU.

01234567

No Restriction ¼ μs ½ μs 1 μs 2 μs 4 μs 8 μs 16 μs

A-MSDU : Aggregated Mac Service Data Unit, A-MSDU. Select Enable to allow aggregation for multiple MSDUs in

one MPDU. Default is disabled.

Click Save button to save your changes. Click Reboot button to activate your changes. The items in this page are for

AP's RF general settings and will be applied to Repeater AP

㻝㻣㻟

Wireless Advanced Setup

To achieve optimal wireless performance, it is necessary to tweak advance setting per requirements properly, not

necessary higher the better or lower.

The administrator can change the RTS threshold and fragmentation threshold settings for the system. Please click on

Wireless -> Advanced Setup and follow the below setting.

Short Slot : By default, it’s “Enable”for educing the slot time from the standard 20 microseconds to the 9

microsecond short slot time

Slot time is the amount of time a device waits after a collision before retransmitting a packet. Reducing the slot time

decreases the overall back-off, which increases throughput. Back-off, which is a multiple of the slot time, is the

random length of time a station waits before sending a packet on the LAN. For a sender and receiver own right of the

channel the shorter slot time help manage shorter wait time to re-transmit from collision because of hidden wireless

clients or other causes. When collision sources can be removed sooner and other senders attempting to send are

listening the channel(CSMA/CA) the owner of the channel should continue ownership and finish their transmission

and release the channel. Then, following ownership of the channel will be sooner for the new pair due to shorter slot

time. However, when long duration of existing collision sources and shorter slot time exist the owners might

experience subsequent collisions. When adjustment to longer slot time can’t improve performance then RTS/CTS

could supplement and help improve performance.

Extra Slot Time : Slot time is in the range of 1~255 and set in unit of microsecond. The default value is 9

microsecond.

When you enable Short Slot and set Extra Slot time to “10”, the actual Slot Time=9+10 us.

When you disable Short Slot and set Extra Slot time to “10”, the actual Slot Time=20+10 us.

㻝㻣㻠

ACK Timeout : ACK timeout is in the range of 1~255 and set in unit of microsecond. The default value is 32

microsecond.

All data transmission in 802.11b/g request an “Acknowledgement” (ACK) send by receiving radio. The transmitter will

resend the original packet if correspondent ACK failed to arrive within specific time interval, also refer to as “ACK

Timeout”.

ACK Timeout is adjustable due to the fact that distance between two radio links may vary in different deployment.

ACK Timeout makes significant influence in performance of long distance radio link. If ACK Timeout is set too short,

transmitter will start to “Resend” packet before ACK is received, and throughputs become low due to excessively high

re-transmission.

ACK Timeout is best determined by distance between the radios, data rate of average environment. The Timeout

value is calculated based on round-trip time of packet with a little tolerance, So, if experiencing re-transmissions or

poor performance the ACK Timeout could be made longer to accommodate.

Slot Time and ACK Timeout settings are for long distance links. It is important to tweak settings to achieve the

optimal result based on requirement.

Beacon Interval : Beacon Interval is in the range of 20~1024 and set in unit of millisecond. The default value is 100

msec.

Access Point (AP) in IEEE 802.11 will send out a special approximated 50-byte frame, called “Beacon”. Beacon is

broadcast to all the stations, provides the basic information of AP such as SSID, channel, encryption keys, signal

strength, time stamp, support data rate.

All the radio stations received beacon recognizes the existence of such AP, and may proceed next actions if the

information from AP matches the requirement. Beacon is sent on a periodic basis, the time interval can be adjusted.

By increasing the beacon interval, you can reduce the number of beacons and associated overhead, but that will

likely delay the association and roaming process because stations scanning for available access points may miss the

beacons. You can decrease the beacon interval, which increases the rate of beacons. This will make the association

and roaming process very responsive; however, the network will incur additional overhead and throughput will go

down.

DTIM Interval : The DTIM interval is in the range of 1~255. The default is 1.

DTIM is defined as Delivery Traffic Indication Message. It is used to notify the wireless stations, which support power

saving mode, when to wake up to receive multicast frame. DTIM is necessary and critical in wireless environment as

a mechanism to fulfill power-saving synchronization.

A DTIM interval is a count of the number of beacon frames that must occur before the access point sends the

buffered multicast frames. For instance, if DTIM Interval is set to 3, then the Wi-Fi clients will expect to receive a

multicast frame after receiving three Beacon frame. The higher DTIM interval will help power saving and possibly

decrease wireless throughput in multicast applications.

㻝㻣㻡