TRENDNET TEW676APBO HIGH POWER WIRELESS OUTDOOR ACCESS POINT User Manual

Download:
Mirror Download [FCC.gov]
Document ID	1543773
Application ID	NThou1wZQ92Fth0fFxEOxg==
Document Description	Users Manual 2
Short Term Confidential	No
Permanent Confidential	No
Supercede	No
Document Type	User Manual
Display Format	Adobe Acrobat PDF - pdf
Filesize	235.68kB (2946060 bits)
Date Submitted	2011-09-19 00:00:00
Date Available	2011-09-19 00:00:00
Creation Date	2011-08-03 13:52:07
Producing Software	Acrobat Distiller 8.3.0 (Windows)
Document Lastmod	2011-08-03 13:52:14
Document Title	untitled
Document Creator	PScript5.dll Version 5.2
Document Author:	eunice.shen

„
ACK Timeout : ACK timeout is in the range of 1~255 and set in unit of microsecond. The default value is 32
microsecond.
All data transmission in 802.11b/g request an “Acknowledgement” (ACK) send by receiving radio. The transmitter will
resend the original packet if correspondent ACK failed to arrive within specific time interval, also refer to as “ACK
Timeout”.
ACK Timeout is adjustable due to the fact that distance between two radio links may vary in different deployment.
ACK Timeout makes significant influence in performance of long distance radio link. If ACK Timeout is set too short,
transmitter will start to “Resend” packet before ACK is received, and throughputs become low due to excessively high
re-transmission.
ACK Timeout is best determined by distance between the radios, data rate of average environment. The Timeout
value is calculated based on round-trip time of packet with a little tolerance, So, if experiencing re-transmissions or
poor performance the ACK Timeout could be made longer to accommodate.
Slot Time and ACK Timeout settings are for long distance links. It is important to tweak settings to achieve the
optimal result based on requirement.
„
Beacon Interval : Beacon Interval is in the range of 20~1024 and set in unit of millisecond. The default value is 100
msec.
Access Point (AP) in IEEE 802.11 will send out a special approximated 50-byte frame, called “Beacon”. Beacon is
broadcast to all the stations, provides the basic information of AP such as SSID, channel, encryption keys, signal
strength, time stamp, support data rate.
All the radio stations received beacon recognizes the existence of such AP, and may proceed next actions if the
information from AP matches the requirement. Beacon is sent on a periodic basis, the time interval can be adjusted.
By increasing the beacon interval, you can reduce the number of beacons and associated overhead, but that will
likely delay the association and roaming process because stations scanning for available access points may miss the
beacons. You can decrease the beacon interval, which increases the rate of beacons. This will make the association
and roaming process very responsive; however, the network will incur additional overhead and throughput will go
down.
„
DTIM Interval : The DTIM interval is in the range of 1~255. The default is 1.
DTIM is defined as Delivery Traffic Indication Message. It is used to notify the wireless stations, which support power
saving mode, when to wake up to receive multicast frame. DTIM is necessary and critical in wireless environment as
a mechanism to fulfill power-saving synchronization.
A DTIM interval is a count of the number of beacon frames that must occur before the access point sends the
buffered multicast frames.
For instance, if DTIM Interval is set to 3, then the Wi-Fi clients will expect to receive a
multicast frame after receiving three Beacon frame. The higher DTIM interval will help power saving and possibly
decrease wireless throughput in multicast applications.
㻝㻞㻠
„
Fragment Threshold : The Fragment Threshold is in the range of 256~2346 byte. The default is 2346 byte.
Each Wi-Fi packet can be divided into smaller packets, marked with a sequential fragment number and re-assemble
in the receiving ends. The purpose is to make a short frame, instead of long frame, transmitting by radio in a heavy
noisy environment. Because of sending smaller frames, corruptions are much less likely to occur. The pros is
obvious, the cons is the overhead for transmission. So, in a clean environment, higher fragment threshold can be an
option to increase throughput.
Fragmentation will be triggered by setting the Fragment Threshold, usually in Byte-length. Only when the frame size
is over the Threshold, fragmentation will take place automatically.
„
RTS Threshold : TRTS Threshold is in the range of 1~2347 byte. The default is 2347 byte.
The main purpose of enabling RTS by changing RTS threshold is to reduce possible collisions due to hidden wireless
clients. RTS in AP will be enabled automatically if the packet size is larger than the Threshold value. By default, RTS
is disabled in a normal environment supports non-jumbo frames.
„
Short Preamble : By default, it’s “Enable”. To Disable is to use Long 128-bit Preamble Synchronization field.
The preamble is used to signal "here is a train of data coming" to the receiver. The short preamble provides 72-bit
Synchronization field to improve WLAN transmission efficiency with less overhead.
„
Tx Burst : By default, it’s “Enable”. To Disable is to deactivate Tx Burst.
With TX burst enabled, AP will send many packets in a burst, without collision detection and RTS/CTS for each packet. TX
Burst have better throughput but cause interference with other APs in channel.
„
Pkt_Aggregate : By default, it's “Enable”
Increase efficiency by aggregating multiple packets of application data into a single transmission frame. In this way,
802.11n networks can send multiple data packets with the fixed overhead cost of just a single frame.
„
IEEE802.11H (DFS) : By default, it's “Disable”. To Enable is to use IEEE802.11H(DFS)
With DFS(Dynamic Frequency Selection) enabled, radio is operating on one of the following channels, the wireless
device uses DFS to monitor the operating frequency and switch to another frequency or reduce power as necessary:
DFS Channels
52, 56, 60, 64, 100, 104, 108, 112, 116, 120, 124, 128, 136, 140
The maximum legal transmit power is greater for some 5 GHz channels than for others. When the wireless device
randomly selects a 5 GHz channel on which power is restricted, the wireless device automatically reduces transmit
power to comply with power limits for that channel in that regulatory domain.
The Channel 52-140 is DFS channel. If tuen on IEEE802.11H, AP Will have 60 sec to do channel available
check, and will not send beacon and can not be connected. When WCB1200H2PX detect radar(5GHz) signal,
the AP will switch channel and stop beacon trasmit between 15 sec.
„
WMM :
By default, it's “Disable”. To Enable is to use WMM and the WMM parameters should appears.
㻝㻞㻡
When you enable WMM, the “Tx Burst” will be Disabled automatically by system.
WMM Parameters of Access Point : This affects traffic flowing from the access point to the client station
Queue
Data Transmitted
AP to Clients
AC_BK
Background.
AC_BE
AC_VI
Best Effort
Video
AC_VO
Voice
Priority
Description
High throughput. Bulk data that requires maximum throughput and is not timesensitive is sent to this queue (FTP data, for example).
Medium Medium throughput and delay. Most traditional IP data is sent to this queue
High
Minimum delay. Time-sensitive video data is automatically sent to this queue
Time-sensitive data like VoIP and streaming media are automatically sent to this
High
queue
Low
Configuring QoS options consists of setting parameters on existing queues for different types of wireless traffic.
You can configure different minimum and maximum wait times for the transmission of packets in each queue
based on the requirements of the media being sent. Queues automatically provide minimum transmission delay
for Voice, Video, multimedia, and mission critical applications, and rely on best-effort parameters for traditional IP
data.
As an Example, time-sensitive Voice & Video, and multimedia are given effectively higher priority for transmission
(lower wait times for channel access), while other applications and traditional IP data which are less timesensitive but often more data-intensive are expected to tolerate longer wait times.
㻝㻞㻢
9
Aifsn : The Arbitration Inter-Frame Spacing Number specifies a wait time (in milliseconds) for data frames
CWmin : Minimum Contention Window. This parameter is input to the algorithm that determines the initial
random backoff wait time ("window") for retry of a transmission. The value specified here in the Minimum
Contention Window is the upper limit (in milliseconds) of a range from which the initial random backoff wait
time is determined.
CWmax : Maximum Contention Window. The value specified here in the Maximum Contention Window is
the upper limit (in milliseconds) for the doubling of the random backoff value. This doubling continues until
either the data frame is sent or the Maximum Contention Window size is reached. Once the Maximum
Contention Window size is reached, retries will continue until a maximum number of retries allowed is
reached. Valid values for the "cwmax" are 1, 3, 7, 15, 31, 63, 127, 255, 511, or 1024. The value for "cwmax"
must be higher than the value for "cwmin".
Txop : Transmission Opportunity is an interval of time when a WME AP has the right to initiate
transmissions onto the wireless medium (WM). This value specifies (in milliseconds) the Transmission
Opportunity (TXOP) for AP; that is, the interval of time when the WMM AP has the right to initiate
transmissions on the wireless network.
ACM : Admission Control Mandatory, ACM only takes effect on AC_VI and AC_VO. When you do not click
Checkbox, it means that the ACM is controlled by the connecting AP. If you click Checkbox, it means that the
Client is in charge.
AckPolicy : Acknowledgment Policy, WMM defines two ACK policies: Normal ACK and No ACK. Click
“Checkbox” indicates “No ACK”
When the no acknowledgment (No ACK) policy is used, the recipient does not acknowledge received
packets during wireless packet exchange. This policy is suitable in the environment where communication
quality is fine and interference is weak. While the No ACK policy helps improve transmission efficiency, it
can cause increased packet loss when communication quality deteriorates. This is because when this policy
is used, a sender does not retransmit packets that have not been received by the recipient.
When the Normal ACK policy is used, the recipient acknowledges each received unicast packet.
Î
WMM Parameters of Station : This affects traffic flowing from the client station to the access point.
Queue
Data Transmitted
Clients to AP
AC_BK
Background.
AC_BE
AC_VI
Best Effort
Video
AC_VO
Voice
Priority
Description
High throughput. Bulk data that requires maximum throughput and is not timesensitive is sent to this queue (FTP data, for example).
Medium Medium throughput and delay. Most traditional IP data is sent to this queue
High
Minimum delay. Time-sensitive video data is automatically sent to this queue
Time-sensitive data like VoIP and streaming media are automatically sent to this
High
queue
Low
Aifsn : The Arbitration Inter-Frame Spacing Number specifies a wait time (in milliseconds) for data frames
CWmin : Minimum Contention Window. This parameter is input to the algorithm that determines the initial
random backoff wait time ("window") for retry of a transmission. The value specified here in the Minimum
Contention Window is the upper limit (in milliseconds) of a range from which the initial random backoff wait
time is determined.
㻝㻞㻣
9
CWmax : Maximum Contention Window. The value specified here in the Maximum Contention Window is
the upper limit (in milliseconds) for the doubling of the random backoff value. This doubling continues until
either the data frame is sent or the Maximum Contention Window size is reached. Once the Maximum
Contention Window size is reached, retries will continue until a maximum number of retries allowed is
reached. Valid values for the "cwmax" are 1, 3, 7, 15, 31, 63, 127, 255, 511, or 1024. The value for "cwmax"
must be higher than the value for "cwmin".
Txop : Transmission Opportunity is an interval of time when a WME AP has the right to initiate
transmissions onto the wireless medium (WM). This value specifies (in milliseconds) the Transmission
Opportunity (Txop) for AP; that is, the interval of time when the WMM AP has the right to initiate
transmissions on the wireless network.
ACM : Admission Control Mandatory, ACM only takes effect on AC_VI and AC_VO. When you do not click
Checkbox, it means that the ACM is controlled by the connecting AP. If you click Checkbox, it means that the
Client is in charge.
Change these settings as described here and click Save button to save your changes. Click Reboot button to activate
your changes. The items in this page are for AP's RF advanced settings and will be applied to Repeater AP.
㻝㻞㻤
Site Survey
Use this tool to scan and locate WISP Access Points and select one to associate with.
Please click on Wireless -> Site Survey. Below depicts an example for site survey.
„
ESSID : Available Extend Service Set ID of surrounding Access Points.
„
MAC Address : MAC addresses of surrounding Access Points.
„
Signal : Received signal strength of all found Access Points.
„
Channel : Channel numbers used by all found
„
Security : Security type by all found
„
Band : Wireless band used by all found
„
Network Type : Network type used by all found
„
Select : Click “Select” to configure settings and associate with chosen AP.
Access Points.
Access Points.
Access Points.
Access Points.
While clicking “Select” button in the Site Survey Table, the “ESSID” and “Security Type” will apply in the
Wireless Profile Setup. However, more settings are needed including Security Key.
㻝㻞㻥
Create Wireless Profile
The administrator can configure station profiles via this page.
Please click on Wireless -> Wireless Profile and follow the below setting.
„
MAC Address : The MAC address of the Wireless Station is displayed here.
„
Profile Name : Set different profiles for quick connection uses.
„
ESSID : Assign Service Set ID for the wireless system.
„
Lock to AP MAC : This allows the station to always maintain connection to a particular AP with a specific MAC
address. This is useful as sometimes there can be few identically named SSID's (AP's) with different MAC
addresses. With AP lock on, the station will lock to MAC address and not roam between several Access Points with
the same ESSID.
„
Channel/Frequency : Select the desired channel range.
In CPE+AP or Client Bridge+Universal Repeater mode, the Sation's channel must be
same with AP. If TEW-676APBO configure different channel with AP, TEW-676APBO unable
connect to AP.
„
Security Type : Select the desired security type from the drop-down list; the options are “NONE” “OPEN”,
“SHARED”, “WPA-PSK” and
Î
“WPA2-PSK”.
OPEN / SHARED : OPEN and SHARED require the user to set a WEP key to exchange data.
Key Index :
key index is used to designate the WEP key during data transmission. 4 different WEP keys
can be entered at the same time, but only one is chosen.
WEP Key # : Enter HEX or ASCII format WEP key value; the system supports up to 4 sets of WEP keys.
Key Length
Hex
ASCII
64-bit
10 characters
5 characters
128-bit
26 characters
13 characters
㻝㻟㻜
Î
WPA-PSK (or WPA2-PSK) : WPA (or WPA2) Algorithms, allows the system accessing the network by using the
WPA-PSK protected access.
Cipher Suite : Select the desired cipher suite from the drop-down list; the options are AES and TKIP
Pre-shared Key : Enter the information for pre-shared key; the key can be either entered as a 256-bit
secret in 64 HEX digits format, or 8 to 63 ASCII characters.
„
Profile List : The user can manage the created profiles for home, work or public areas. Below depict an example for
Profile List
Î
Click “”Edit” an exist profile on the Profile List. The field of System Configuration and Security Policy will display
profile's content. Edit profile's content and then click “Save” button to save the profile.
Î
Click “Delete” to remove profile.
Î
Click and Select a profile from list, then click the “Connect” button to connecting to the wireless network with the
profile setting.
After clicking “Connect” button, the system should be jump to Remote AP Page, you can verify
connecting status on Remote AP Page.
When you click “Save” button on this page, the system will connect to specify AP and jump
to Remote AP Page
If tuen on IEEE802.11H and TEW-676APBO connect AP with DFS channel 52-140, TEW676APBO Will have 60 sec to do channel available check, and will not send beacon and can
not be connected.
Change these settings as described here and click Save button to save your changes. Click Reboot button to activate
your changes
㻝㻟㻝
Wireless LAN Network Creation
The network manager can configure related wireless settings, Repeater AP Setup, Security Settings, and MAC Filter
Settings.
Repeater AP Setup
Administrators can configure ESSID, SSID broadcasting, Maximum number of client associations, security type settings
and MAC Filter settings.
„
Enable Repeater AP : By default, it’s “Enable” for repeater AP. Select “Enable” to activate Repeater AP or click
“Disable” to deactivate this function
„
ESSID : Extended
Service Set ID, When clients are browsing for available wireless networks, this is the SSID that
will appear in the list. ESSID will determine the service type available to AP's clients associated with the specified AP.
„
Client Isolation : By default, it’s “Disable”.
Select “Enable”, all clients will be isolated from each other, which means they can’t reach each other.
„
Hidden SSID : By default, it’s “Disable”.
Enable this option to stop the SSID broadcast in your network. When disabled, people could easily obtain the SSID
information with the site survey software and get access to the network if security is not turned on. When enabled,
network security is enhanced. It’s suggested to enable it after AP security settings are archived and setting of AP's
clients could make to associate to it.
„
Maximum Clients : The default value is 32. You can enter the number of wireless clients that can associate to a
particular SSID. When the number of client is set to 5, only 5 clients at most are allowed to connect to this Repeater
AP.
„
Security Type : Select the desired security type from the drop-down list; the options are Disable, WEP, WPA-PSK,
WPA2-PSK, WPA-Enterprise, WPA2-Enterprise and WEP 802.1X.
Î
Disable : Data are unencrypted during transmission when this option is selected.
Î
WEP : Wired Equivalent Privacy(WEP) is a data encryption mechanism based on a 64-bit or 128-bit shared key.
㻝㻟㻞
9
Authentication Method : Enable the desire option among OPEN, SHARED or WEPAUTO.
Key Index :
key index is used to designate the WEP key during data transmission. 4 different WEP keys
can be entered at the same time, but only one is chosen.
Î
WEP Key # : Enter HEX or ASCII format WEP key value; the system supports up to 4 sets of WEP keys.
Key Length
Hex
ASCII
64-bit
10 characters
5 characters
128-bit
26 characters
13 characters
WPA-PSK (or WPA2-PSK) : WPA (or WPA2) Algorithms, allows the system accessing the network by using the
WPA-PSK protected access.
Cipher Suite : By default, it is AES. Select either AES or TKIP cipher suites
Pre-shared Key : Enter the pre-shared key; the format shall go with the selected key type.
Pre-shared key can be entered with either a 256-bit secret in 64 HEX digits format, or 8 to 63 ASCII characters.
Group Key Update Period : By default, it is 3600 seconds. This time interval for rekeying GTK,
broadcast/multicast encryption keys, in seconds. Entering the time-length is required.
Î
WPA-Enterprise (or WPA2-Enterprise): The RADIUS authentication and encryption will be both enabled if this
is selected.
㻝㻟㻟
9
WPA General Settings :
Cipher Suite : By default, it is AES. Select either AES or TKIP cipher suites
Group Key Update Period : By default, it’s 3600 seconds. This time interval for rekeying GTK,
broadcast/multicast encryption keys, in seconds. Entering the time-length is required.
PMK Cache Period :
By default, it's 10 minutes. Set WPA2 PMKID cache timeout period, after time
out, the cached key will be deleted.
Pre-Authentication : By default, it's “Disable”. To Enable is use to speed up roaming before preauthenticating IEEE 802.1X/EAP part of the full RSN authentication and key handshake before actually
associating with a new AP.
PMK Cache Period and Pre-Authentication is used in WPA2-Enterprise
Radius Server Settings :
IP Address : Enter the IP address of the Authentication RADIUS server.
Port : By default, it’s 1812. The port number used to communicate with RADIUS server.
Shared secret : A secret key used between system and RADIUS server. Supports 8 to 64 characters.
Session Timeout :
The Session timeout is in the range of 0~60 seconds. The default is 0 to
re-authenticate service.
Amount of time before a client will be required to re-authenticate.
㻝㻟㻠
disable
Î
WEP 802.1X : When WEP 802.1x Authentication is enabled, please refer to the following Dynamic WEP and
RADIUS settings to complete configuration.
Radius Server Settings :
IP Address : Enter the IP address of the Authentication RADIUS server.
Port : By default, it’s 1812. The port number used to communicate with RADIUS server.
Shared secret : A secret key used between system and RADIUS server. Supports 8 to 64 characters.
Session Timeout :
The Session timeout is in the range of 0~60 seconds. The default is 0 to
disable
re-authenticate service.
Amount of time before a client will be required to re-authenticate.
Change these settings as described here and click Save button to save your changes. Click Reboot button to activate
your changes
㻝㻟㻡
Wireless MAC Filter Setup
Continue 6.3.1 Repeater AP Setup section, the administrator can allow or reject clients to access Repeater AP.
„
MAC Filter Setup : By default, it’s “Disable”. Options are Disable, Only Deny List MAC or Only Allow List MAC.
Two ways to set MAC filter rules :
Î
Only Allow List MAC.
The wireless clients in the “Enable” list will be allowed to access the Access Point; All others or clients in the
“Disable” list will be denied.
Î
Only Deny List MAC.
The wireless clients in the “Enable” list will be denied to access the Access Point; All others or clients
in the
“Disable” list will be allowed.
„
Add a station MAC : Enter MAC address (e.g. aa:bb:cc:00:00:0a) and click “Add” button, then the MAC address
should display in the “Enable” List.
There are a maximum of 20 clients allowed in this “Enable” List. The MAC addresses of the wireless clients can be added
and removed to the list using the Add and Remove buttons.
Click Reboot button to activate your changes
MAC Access Control is the weakest security approach. WPA or WPA2 security method is highly recommended.
㻝㻟㻢
System Management
Configure Management
Administrator could specify geographical location of the system via instructions in this page. Administrator could also
enter new Root and Admin passwords and allow multiple login methods.
Please click System -> Management and follow the below settings.
TEW-676APBO
„
System Information
Î
System Name : Enter a desired name or use the default one.
Î
Description : Provide description of the system.
Î
Location : Enter geographical location information of the system. It helps administrator to locate the system
easier.
The system supports two management accounts, root and admin. The network manager is assigned with full
administrative privileges, when logging in as root user, to manage the system in all aspects. While logging in as an
admin user, only subset of privileges is granted such as basic maintenance. For example, root user can change
passwords for both root and admin account, and admin user can only manage its own. For more information about
covered privileges for these two accounts, please refer to Appendix D. Network manager Privileges.
„
„
„
Root Password : Log in as a root user and is allowed to change its own, plus admin user’s password.
Î
New Password : Enter a new password if desired
Î
Check New Password : Enter the same new password again to check.
Admin Password : Log in as a admin user and is allowed to change its own,
Î
New Password : Enter a new password if desired
Î
Check New Password : Enter the same new password again to check.
Admin Login Methods : Only root user can enable or disable system login methods and change services port.
㻝㻟㻣
Î
Enable HTTP : Check to select HTTP Service.
Î
HTTP Port : The default is 80 and the range is between 1 ~ 65535.
Î
Enable HTTPS : Check to select HTTPS Service
Î
HTTPS Port : The default is 443 and the range is between 1 ~ 65535.
If you already have an SSL Certificate, please click “UploadKey” button to select the file and upload it.
Î
Enable Telnet : Check to select Telnet Service
Î
Telnet Port : The default is 23 and the range is between 1 ~ 65535.
Î
Enable SSH : Check to select SSH Service
Î
SSH Port : Please The default is 22 and the range is between 1 ~ 65535.
Click “GenerateKey” button to generate RSA private key. The “host key footprint” gray blank will display
content of RSA key.
„
Ping Watchdog : The ping watchdog sets the TEW-676APBO Device to continuously ping a user defined IP address
(it can be the internet gateway for example). If it is unable to ping under the user defined constraints, the TEW676APBO device will automatically reboot. This option creates a kind of "fail-proof" mechanism.
Ping Watchdog is dedicated for continuous monitoring of the particular connection to remote host using the Ping tool.
The Ping works by sending ICMP “echo request” packets to the target host and listening for ICMP “echo response”
replies. If the defined number of replies is not received, the tool reboots the device.
Î
Enable Ping Watchdog : control will enable Ping Watchdog Tool.
Î
IP Address To Ping : specify an IP address of the target host which will be monitored by Ping Watchdog Tool.
Î
Ping Interval : specify time interval (in seconds) between the ICMP “echo requests” are sent by the Ping
Watchdog Tool. Default is 300 seconds.
Î
Startup Delay : specify initial time delay (in seconds) until first ICMP “echo requests” are sent by the Ping
Watchdog Tool. The value of Startup Delay should be at least 60 seconds as the network interface and wireless
connection initialization takes considerable amount of time if the device is rebooted. Default is 300 seconds.
Î
Failure Count To Reboot : specify the number of ICMP “echo response” replies. If the specified number of
ICMP “echo response” packets is not received continuously, the Ping Watchdog Tool will reboot the device.
㻝㻟㻤
Click Save button to save your changes. Click Reboot button to activate your changes
Without a valid certificate, users may encounter the following problem in IE7 when they try to access system's WMI
(https://192.168.2.254). There will be a “Certificate Error”, because the browser treats system as an illegal website.
Click “Continue to this website” to access the system's WMI. The system's Overview page will appear.
㻝㻟㻥
Configure System Time
System time can be configured via this page, and manual setting or via a NTP server is supported.
Please click on System -> Time Server and follow the below setting.
„
Local Time : Display the current system time.
„
NTP Client : To synchronize the system time with NTP server.
Î
Enable : Check to select NTP client.
Î
Default NTP Server : Select the NTP Server from the drop-down list.
Î
Time Zone : Select a desired time zone from the drop-down list.
Î
Daylight saving time : Enable or disable Daylight saving.
If the system time from NTP server seems incorrect, please verify your network settings, like default Gateway
and DNS settings
Click Save button to save your changes. Click Reboot button to activate your changes
㻝㻠㻜
Configure UPnP
Universal Plug and Play(UPnP) is an architecture to enable pervasive peer-to-peer network connectivity between PCs,
intelligent devices and appliances when UPnP is supported. UPnP works on TCP/IP network to enable UPnP devices to
connect and access to each other, very well adopted in home networking environment.
„
UPnP : By default, it’s “Disable”. Select “Enable” or “Disable” of UPnP Service.
Click Save button to save changes and click Reboot button to activate changes
For UPnP to work in Windows XP, the “TEW-676APBO” must be available in “My Network Places”, as shown here: (your
specific model may vary)
If these devices are not available, you should verify that the correct components and services are loaded in Windows XP.
Please refer to Appendix E. Using UPnP on Windows XP
TEW-675APBO/TEW-676APBO
㻝㻠㻝
Configure SNMP Setup
SNMP is an application-layer protocol that provides a message format for communication between SNMP managers and
agents. By enabling SNMP function, the administrator can obtain the system information remotely.
Please click on System -> SNMP Setup and follow the below setting.
„
„
SNMP v2c Enable: Check to enable SNMP v2c.
Î
ro community : Set a community string to authorize read-only access.
Î
rw community : Set a community string to authorize read/write access.
SNMP v3 Enable:
Check to enable SNMP v3.
SNMPv3 supports the highest level SNMP security.
„
Î
SNMP ro user : Set a community string to authorize read-only access.
Î
SNMP ro password : Set a password to authorize read-only access.
Î
SNMP rw user : Set a community string to authorize read/write access.
Î
SNMP rw password : Set a password to authorize read/write access.
SNMP Trap : Events such as cold start, interface up & down, and association & disassociation will report to an
assigned server.
㻝㻠㻞
Î
Community : Set a community string required by the remote host computer that will receive trap messages or
notices send by the system.
Î
IP : Enter the IP addresses of the remote hosts to receive trap messages.
Click Save button to save changes and click Reboot button to activate.
㻝㻠㻟
Backup / Restore and Reset to Factory
Backup current configuration, restore prior configuration or reset back to factory default configuration can be executed via
this page.
Please click on Utilities -> Profile Setting and follow the below setting.
„
Save Settings to PC : Click Save button to save the current configuration to a local disk.
„
Load Settings from PC : Click Browse button to locate a configuration file to restore, and then click Upload button
to upload.
„
Reset To Factory Default : Click Default button to reset back to the factory default settings and expect Successful
loading message. Then, click Reboot button to activate.
㻝㻠㻠
Firmware Upgrade
Firmware is the main software image that system needs to respond to requests and to manage real time operations.
Firmware upgrades are sometimes required to include new features or bugs fix. It takes around 2 minutes to upgrade
due to complexity of firmware. To upgrade system firmware, click Browse button to locate the new firmware, and then
click Upgrade button to upgrade.
1. To prevent data loss during firmware upgrade, please back up current settings before proceeding.
2. Do not interrupt during firmware upgrade including power on/off as this may damage system.
3. Never perform firmware upgrade over wireless connection or via remote access connection.
㻝㻠㻡
Network Utility
The administrator can diagnose network connectivity via the PING and TRACEROUTE utility.
Please click on Utilities -> Network Utility and follow the below setting
„
Ping : This utility will help ping other devices on the network to verify connectivity. Ping utility, using ICMP packets,
detects connectivity and latency between two network nodes. As result of that, packet loss and latency time are
available in the Result field while running the PING test.
Î
Destination IP/Domain : Enter desired domain name, i.e. www.google.com, or IP address of the destination,
and click ping button to proceed. The ping result will be shown in the Result field.
Î
„
Count : By default, it’s 5 and the range is from 1 to 50. It indicates number of connectivity test.
Traceroute : Allows tracing the hops from the TEW-676APBO device to a selected outgoing IP
address. It should be used for the finding the route taken by ICMP packets across the network to the destination host.
The test is started using the Start button, click Stop button to stopped test
Î
Destination Host : Specifies the Destination Host for the finding the route taken by ICMP packets across the
network.
Î
MAX Hop : Specifies the maximum number of hops( max time-to-live value) traceroute will probe.
㻝㻠㻢
Reboot
This function allows user to restart system with existing or most current settings when changes are made. Click Reboot
button to proceed and take around three minutes to complete.
A reminder will be available for remaining time to complete. If power cycle is necessary, please wait till completion of the
reboot process.
The System Overview page appears upon the completion of reboot.
㻝㻠㻣
Access Control List
IP Filter Setup
Allows to create deny or allow rules to filter ingress or egress packets from specific source and/or to destination IP
address on wired (LAN) or Wireless (WAN) ports.
Filter rules could be used to filter unicast or multicast packets on
different protocols as shown in the IP Filter Setup. Important to note that IP filter rules has precedence over Virtual server
rules.
Please click on Advance -> IP Filter Setup and follow the below setting.
„
Source Address/Mask : Enter desired source IP address and netmask; i.e. 192.168.2.10/32.
„
Source Port : Enter a port or a range of ports as start:end; i.e. port 20:80
„
Destination Address/Mask : Enter desired destination IP address and netmask; i.e. 192.168.1.10/32
„
Destination Port : Enter a port or a range of ports as start:end; i.e. port 20:80
„
In/Out : Applies to Ingress or egress packets
„
Protocol : Supports TCP, UDP or ICMP.
„
Listen : Click Yes radial button to match TCP packets only with the SYN flag.
„
Active : Deny to drop and Pass to allow per filter rules
„
Interface : The interface that a filter rule applies
All packets are allowed by default. Deny rules could be added to the filter list to filter out unwanted packets and
leave remaining allowed.
Click “Save” button to add IP filter rule. Total of 20 rules maximum allowed in the IP Filter List. All rules can be edited or
removed from the List. Click Reboot button to activate your changes.
When you create rules in the IP Filter List, the prior rules maintain higher priority. To allow limited access from a subnet to
a destination network manager needs to create allow rules first and followed by deny rules. So, if you just want one IP
address to access the system via telnet from your subnet, not others, the Example 1 demonstrates it, not rules in the
Example 2.
㻝㻠㻤
Î
Example 1 : Create a higher priority rule to allow IP address 192.168.2.2 Telnet access from LAN port first, and
deny Telnet access from remaining IP addresses in the same subnet.
Source
Destination
Rule
IP/Mask
Î
Port
IP/Mask
Port
In/Out
Protocol
Listen
Action
Side
192.168.2.2/32
192.168.2.254/32
22
In
TCP
Pass
LAN
192.168.2.0/24
192.168.2.254/32
22
In
TCP
Deny
LAN
Example 2 : All Telnet access to the system from the IP addresses of subnet 192.168.2.x works with the rule 1
of Example 2. The rule 2 won’t make any difference.
Source
Destination
Rule
IP/Mask
Port
IP/Mask
Port
In/Out
Protocol
Listen
Action
Side
192.168.2.0/24
192.168.2.254/32
22
In
TCP
Deny
LAN
192.168.2.2/32
192.168.2.254/32
22
In
TCP
pass
LAN
㻝㻠㻥
MAC Filter Setup
Allows to create MAC filter rules to allow or deny unicast or multicast packets from limited number of MAC addresses.
Important to note that MAC filter rules have precedence over IP Filter rules.
Please click on Advance -> MAC Filter Setup and follow the below setting.
„
MAC Filter Rule : By default, it’s “Disable”. Options are Disabled, Only Deny List MAC or Only Allow List MAC.
Click Save button to save your change.
Two ways to set the MAC Filter List:
Î
Only Allow List MAC.
The wireless clients in the MAC Filter List will be allowed to access to Access Point; All others will be denied.
Î
Only Deny List MAC.
The wireless clients in the MAC Filter List will be denied to access to Access Point; All others will be allowed.
„
MAC Address : Enter MAC address (e.g. aa:bb:cc:00:00:0a) and click “Add” button, then the MAC address should
display in the MAC Filter List.
There are a maximum of 20 clients allowed in this MAC Filter List. The MAC addresses of the wireless clients can be
added and removed to the list using the Add and Delete buttons.
Click Reboot button to activate your changes
㻝㻡㻜
Parental Control Setup
Parental Control allows you to block or allow specific kinds of Internet usage and traffic, such as Internet access,
designated services, and websites.
NAT
SSID: Main_AP
SSID: Repeater Main_AP
Facebook
Internet
Main Base Station
192.168.1.150
WIFI WAN
192.168.1.254
TEW-676APBO
LAN
192.168.2.254
192.168.2.x
MSN
192.168.2.x
Please click on Advance -> Parental Control and follow the below setting.
„
Rules : control can be managed by a rule. Use the settings on this screen to establish an access policy.
Î
Comment : Enter a descriptive name for this rule for identifying purposes.
Î
MAC Address : Enter MAC address in valid MAC address format(xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx) and click “Add” button to
add in the MAC group of each rule. Click “Remove” button can remove MAC address in the group of each rule.
There are 10 MAC address
Î
maximum allowed in each rule.
Local / Destination IP : Specify local(LAN)/ destination IP addresses range required for this rule. If you specify
local IP addresses range from 192.168.1.1 to 192.168.2.254. The matches a range of local
IP addresses
include every single IP address from the first to the last, so the example above includes everything from
192.168.1.1 to 192.168.2.254.
㻝㻡㻝
Î
Protocol : Select Any or specify protocol(TCP, UDP, ICMP, URL Blocking and Application) from drop-down
list. When you select ICMP or Layer 7 Application , the Local(LAN)/ Destination Port can not used.
If you want to block websites with specific URL address or using specific keywords, enter each URL or keyworks
in the “URL Blocking” field and click “Add” button to add in the URL Blocking list of
each rule. Click “Remove”
button can remove URL or keywords.
Î
Local Port : Specify local port(LAN port) range required for this rule
Î
Destination Port : Specify destination port range required for this rule
Î
Active : Check Enable button to activate this rule, and Disable to deactivate.
Click “Add” button to add control rule to List. There are 10 rules maximum allowed in this Control List. All rules can be
removed or edited on the List. Click Reboot button to activate your changes.
㻝㻡㻞
QoS Setup
Quality of Service (QoS) refers to both a network's ability to deliver data with minimum delay,
and the networking
methods used to control the use of bandwidth. Without QoS, all traffic data is equally likely to be dropped when the
network is congested. This can cause a reduction in network performance and make the network inadequate for timecritical application such as video-on-demand.
A classifier groups traffic into data flows according to specific criteria such as the source
source port number, destination port number or incoming port
select traffic from the same protocol
address, destination address,
number. For example, you can configure a classifier to
port (such as FTP) to form a flow.
Shaping
192.168.2.50
MAC-00:0B:6B:AA:BB:01
Download: 1024K
Upload: 256K
192.168.2.51
MAC-00:0B:6B:AA:BB:02
Download: 512K
Upload: 256K
Download: 2048K
Upload: 1024K
LAN
WAN
192.168.2.254
192.168.1.254
TEW-676APBO
NAT
192.168.2.x
SSID: Main_AP
NAT
SSID: Repeater Main_AP
Down: 1024Kbps
Up: 512Kbps
Internet
Main Base Station
192.168.1.150
WIFI WAN
LAN
192.168.1.254
192.168.2.254
TEW-676APBO
Down: 2048Kbps
Up: 1024Kbps
192.168.2.x
192.168.2.x
Please click on Advance -> QoS and follow the below setting.
㻝㻡㻟
„
Rules : Use the rules to define the classifiers. After you define the rules, you can specify action to act upon the traffic
that matches the rules
Î
Comment : Enter a descriptive name for this rule for identifying purposes.
Î
MAC Address : Enter MAC address in valid MAC address format(xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx) and click “Add” button to
add in the MAC group of each rule. Click “Remove” button can remove MAC address in the group of each rule.
There are 10 MAC address
Î
maximum allowed in each rule.
Local / Destination IP : Specify local(LAN)/ destination IP addresses range required for this rule. If you specify
local IP addresses range from 192.168.1.1 to 192.168.2.254. The matches a range of local
IP addresses
include every single IP address from the first to the last, so the example above includes everything from
192.168.1.1 to 192.168.2.254.
Î
DSCP Class : Differentiated services code point, DSCP. Select Any or specify classify traffic from drop-down list.
The Per-Hop Behavior (PHB) is indicated by encoding a 6-bit value—called the Differentiated
Services Code
Point (DSCP)—into the 8-bit Differentiated Services (DS) field of the IP packet header. Below depicts class for
DSCP.
BE : Default PHB, which is typically best-effort traffic
EF : Expedited Forwarding PHB, dedicated to low-loss, low-latency traffic
AF : Assured Forwarding PHB, which gives assurance of delivery under conditions. The AF behavior group
defines four separate AF classes. Within each class, packets are given a drop precedence (high, medium or
low). The combination of classes and drop precedence yields twelve separate DSCP encodings from AF11
through AF43 (see table)
㻝㻡㻠
DROP Precedence
Î
Class 1
Class 2
Class 3
Class 4
Low Drop
AF11
AF21
AF31
AF41
Medium Drop
AF12
AF22
AF32
AF42
High Drop
AF13
AF23
AF33
AF43
Protocol : Select Any or specify protocol from drop-down list. When you select ICMP or Layer 7 Application ,
the Source/ Destination Port cannot be used.
„
Î
Local Port : Specify local port(LAN port) range required for this rule
Î
Destination Port : Specify destination port range required for this rule
Action : After configuring rule, a policy rule ensures that a traffic flow gets the requested treatment in the network.
Î
Remark DSCP : Specify a new DSCP class, if you want to replace or remark the DSCP
Î
Bandwidth : Click “Enable” to activate function, and click “Disable” to deactivate function
Î
Upload / Download : Specify the bandwidth in kilobit per second (Kbps). Enter a number between 8 to 8192,
default upload is 128 Kbps, download is 1024 Kbps.
Click “Add” button to add QoS rule to List. There are 10 rules maximum allowed in this QoS List. All rules can be removed
or edited on the List. Click Reboot button to activate your changes.
When you create rules on the QoS List, the previous rules have higher priority. . Below depict the examples for explaining
priority of QoS setup.
¾
Example 1 : On this setting, the FTP has 1024 Kbps upload and 8196 Kbps download on 192.168.2.10. The
remaining IP address and other remaining protocol of IP address 192.168.2.10 only can use total bandwidth 512
Kbps bandwidth. Because rule 1's
Rule
Source IP
192.168.2.10
priority is higher than rule 2
Destination IP
¾
DSCP
Protocol
Remark DSCP
Bandwidth (Up/Down)
ANY
FTP
NO
1024/8196
ANY
ANY
NO
512/512
Example 2 : On this setting, the FTP has 512 Kbps upload and 512 Kbps download on 192.168.2.10 Because
rule 1's
Rule
priority is higher than rule 2
Source IP
192.168.2.10
Destination IP
DSCP
Protocol
Remark DSCP
Bandwidth (Up/Down)
ANY
ANY
NO
512/512
ANY
FTP
NO
1024/8196
㻝㻡㻡
Resource Sharing
DMZ
DMZ is commonly work with the NAT functionality as an alternative of Virtual Server(Port Forwarding) while wanting all
ports of DMZ host visible to Internet users. Virtual Server rules have precedence over the DMZ rule. In order to use a
range of ports available to access to different internal hosts Virtual Server rules are needed.
SSID: Main_AP
NAT
SSID: Repeater Main_AP
Internet
Main Base Station
192.168.1.150
WIFI WAN
LAN
192.168.1.254
192.168.2.254
TEW-676APBO
192.168.2.IJı
DMZ
192.168.2.IJı
192.168.2.x
Please click on Advance -> DMZ and follow the below setting.
„
DMZ : By default, it’s “Disable”. Check Enable radial button to enable DMZ.
„
IP Address : Enter IP address of DMZ host and only one DMZ host is supported.
Click Save button to save your changes. Click Reboot button to activate your changes.
㻝㻡㻢
Virtual Server (Port Forwarding)
“Virtual Server” can also referred to as “Port Forward” as well and used interchangeably. Resources in the network can be
exposed to the Internet users in a controlled manner including on-line gaming, video conferencing or others via Virtual
Server setup. Don’t repeat ports’ usage to avoid confusion.
Suppose you want to assign ports 21-25 to one FTP, Telnet and SMTP server (A in the
example), and port 80 to another
(B in the example). You assign the LAN IP addresses and the ISP assigns the WAN IP address. The NAT network
appears as a single host on the Internet.
SSID: Main_AP
NAT
SSID: Repeater Main_AP
Internet
Main Base Station
192.168.1.150
TEW-676APBO
WIFI WAN
192.168.1.254
LAN
192.168.2.254
192.168.2.10
192.168.2.20ġ
Port: 21-25
192.168.2.21
Port: 80
Please click on Advance -> Virtual Server and follow the below setting.
„
Virtual Server : By Default, It’s “Disable”. Check Enable radial button to enable Virtual Server.
„
Description : Enter appropriate message for resource sharing via Virtual Server.
„
Private IP : Enter corresponding IP address of internal resource to share.
„
Protocol Type : Select appropriate sessions, TCP or UDP, from shared host via multiple private ports.
„
Private Port : A port or a range of ports may be specified as start:end; i.e.
„
Public Port : A port or a range of ports may be specified as start:end; i.e. port 20:80
port 20:80
The Private Port and Public Port can be different. However, total number of ports need to be the same.
Example : Public Port is 11 to 20 and the Private Port can be a 10 ports range.
㻝㻡㻣
Click “Add” button to add Virtual Server rule to List. Total of maximum 20 rules are allowed in this List. All rules can be
edited or removed from the List. Click Reboot button to activate your changes.
While creating multiple Virtual Server rules, the prior rules have higher priority. The Virtual server rules have precedence
over the DMZ one while both rules exist. Example 1 and 2 demonstrate proper usage of DMZ and Virtual Server rules.
„
Example 1 : All connections should be redirected to 192.168.2.12 while DMZ is enabled. Since Virtual Server rules
have precedence over the DMZ rule all connections to TCP port 22 will be directed to TCP port 22 of 192.168.2.10
and remaining connections to port
TCP 20~80 will be redirected to port TCP 20~80 of 192.168.2.11
DMZ Enabled : 192.168.2.12
„
Rule
Protocol
Private IP
Private Port
Public Port
TCP
192.168.2.10
22
22
TCP
192.168.2.11
20:80
20:80
Example 2 : All connections should be redirected to 192.168.2.12 while DMZ is enabled. Since Virtual Server rules
have precedence over the DMZ rule all other connections to TCP port 20~80 will be redirected to port 20~80 of
192.168.2.11. The rule 2 won’t take effect.
DMZ Enabled : 192.168.2.12
Rule
Protocol
Private IP
Private Port
Public Port
TCP
192.168.2.11
20:80
20:80
TCP
192.168.2.10
22
22
㻝㻡㻤
System Status
This section breaks down into subsections of System Overview, Associated Clients Status, Remote AP, Extra
Information and Event Log.
Overview
Detailed information on System, WAN Information, LAN Information, Wireless Information and DHCP Server Status
can be reviewed via this page.
„
System : Display the information of the system.
TEW-676APBO
„
Î
System Name : The name of the system.
Î
Operating Mode : The mode currently in service.
Î
Location : The reminding note on the geographical location of the system.
Î
Description : The reminding note of the system.
Î
Firmware Version : The current firmware version installed.
Î
Firmware Date : The build time of the firmware installed.
Î
Device Time : The current time of the system.
Î
System Up Time : The time period that system has been in service since last reboot.
WAN Information : Display the information of the WAN interface.
The WAN port specified Dynamic IP, the Release and Renew button will be show-up, click Release button to
release IP address of WAN port, Renew button to renew IP address through DHCP server.
㻝㻡㻥
The WAN port specified PPPoE or PPTP, and the Connect and DisConnect button will be show up. Click “Connect”
button to assigned IP address from PPPoE or PPTP server, “DisConnect” button to release IP address of WAN port.
„
Î
Mode : Supports Static, Dynamic, PPPoE and PPTP modes.
Î
Reconnect Mode : The current reconnect mode of the PPPoE or PPTP.
Î
MAC Address : The MAC address of the WAN port.
Î
IP Address : The IP address of the WAN port.
Î
IP Netmask : The IP netmask of the WAN port.
Î
IP Gateway : The gateway IP address of the WAN port.
Î
Primary DNS : The primary DNS server in service.
Î
Secondary DNS : The secondary DNS server in service.
LAN Information : Display total received and transmitted statistics on the LAN interface.
Î
MAC Address : The MAC address of the LAN port.
Î
IP Address : The IP address of the LAN port.
Î
IP Netmask : The IP netmask of the LAN port.
Î
Receive bytes : The total received packets in bytes on the LAN port.
Î
Receive packets : The total received packets of the LAN port.
Î
Transmit bytes : The total transmitted packets in bytes of the LAN port.
Î
Transmit packets : The total transmitted packets of the LAN port.
㻝㻢㻜
„
„
Wireless Information : Display the detailed receive and transmit statistics of Wireless interface.
Î
AP MAC Address : The MAC address of the Repeater AP.
Î
Station MAC Address : The MAC address of the Wireless Client Station.
Î
Channel : The current channel on the Wireless port.
Î
AP Rate : The current Bit Rate on the Repeater AP.
Î
Station Rate : The current Bit Rate on the Wireless Client Station.
Î
Receive bytes :The total received packets in bytes on the Wireless port.
Î
Receive packets : The total received packets on the Wireless port.
Î
Transmit bytes : The total transmitted packets in bytes on the Wireless port.
Î
Transmit packets : The total transmitted packets on the Wireless port.
DHCP Server Status : Users could retrieve DHCP server and DHCP clients’ IP/MAC address via this field.
Î
IP Address : IP addresses to LAN devices by DHCP server.
Î
MAC Address : MAC addresses of LAN devices.
Î
Expired In : Shows how long the leased IP address will expire.
㻝㻢㻝
Associated Clients Status
It displays ESSID, on/off Status, Security Type, total number of wireless clients associated with Repeater AP.
„
„
AP Information : Highlights key Repeater AP information.
Î
AP : Available Repeater AP.
Î
ESSID : Display name of ESSID for Repeater AP.
Î
MAC Address : Display MAC address for Repeater AP.
Î
Status : On/Off
Î
Security Type : Display chosen security type; WEP, WPA/WPA2-PSK, WPA/WPA2-Enterprise.
Î
Clients : Display total number of wireless connections on Repeater AP.
Repeater AP Clients : Display all associated clients.
Î
MAC Address : MAC address of associated clients
Î
Signal Strength ANT0/ANT1 : Signal Strength of from associated clients.
Î
Bandwidth : Channel bandwidth of from associated clients
Î
Idle Time : Last inactive time period in seconds for a wireless connection.
Î
Connect Time : Total connection time period in seconds for a wireless connection.
Î
Disconnect : Click “Delete” button to manually disconnect a wireless client in a Repeater AP.
㻝㻢㻞
Remote AP
SSID, MAC address,
„
antenna 0/1 received signal strength and channel bandwidth for associated AP are available.
ESSID : Shows the current ESSID, which must be the same on the wireless client and AP in order for communication
to be established.
„
MAC Address : Display MAC address of associated AP.
„
Signal Strength ANT0/ANT1 : Shows the wireless signal strength of the connection between system and an access
point.
„
BandWidth : Shows the current channel bandwidth used for communication. It should be “20” or “40”
If display “No Connection AP!” , you need check Wireless configuration. Things to verify are Channel and
Security type. Also, adjust antenna angle and Tx Power.
㻝㻢㻟
Extra Info
Users could pull out information such as Route table, ARP table, MAC table, Bridge table or STP available in the dropdown list from system. The “Refresh” button is used to retrieve latest table information.
„
Netstat Information :
Select “NetStatus Information” on the drop-down list, the connection track list
should
show-up, the list can be updated using the Refresh button.
NetStatus will show all connection track on the system, the information include Protocol, Live Time, Status ,
Source/Destination IP address and Port.
„
Route table information :
Select “Route table information” on the drop-down list to display route table.
TEW-676APBO could be used as a L2 or L3 device. It doesn’t support dynamic routing protocols such as RIP or
OSPF. Static routes to specific hosts, networks or default gateway are set up automatically according to the IP
configuration of system's interfaces. When used as a L2 device, it could switch packets and, as L3 device, it’s
capable of being a gateway to route packets inward and outward.
„
ARP table Information :
Select “ARP Table Information” on the drop-down list to display ARP table.
ARP associates each IP address to a unique hardware address (MAC) of a device. It is important to have a unique IP
address as final destination to switch packets to.
„
Bridge table information :
Select “Bridge Table information” on the drop-down list to display bridge table.
Bridge table will show Bridge ID and STP's Status on the each Ethernet bridge and its attached interfaces, the Bridge
Port should be attached to some interfaces.
㻝㻢㻠
„
Bridge MAC information :
Select “Bridge MACs Information” on the drop-down list to display MAC table.
This table displays local MAC addresses associated with wired or wireless interfaces, but also remember non-local
MAC addresses learned from wired or wireless interfaces.
Ageing timers will be reset when existing MAC addresses in table are learned again or added when new MAC
addresses are seen from wired or wireless interfaces as well. When time runs out for a particular entry, it will be
pruned from the table. In that situation, switching packet to that particular MAC address will be discontinued.
„
Bridge STP Information :
Select “Bridge STP Information” on the drop-down list to display a list of bridge STP
information.
㻝㻢㻡
QoS Plot
The QoS Plot show graphs which continuously represents the current data traffic on each QoS rule. The chart scale and
throughput dimension (bps, Kbps, Mbps) changes dynamically according to the mean throughput value. The statistics is
updated automatically every 5 seconds. The throughput statistics of QoS can be updated manually using the Refresh
button.
㻝㻢㻢
Event Log
The Event log displays system events when system is up and running. Also, it becomes very useful as a troubleshooting
tool when issues are experienced in system.
„
Time : The date and time when the event occurred.
„
Facility : It helps users to identify source of events such “System” or “User”
„
Severity : Severity level that a specific event is associated such as “info”, “error”, “warning”, etc.
„
Message : Description of the event.
Click Refresh button to renew the log, or click Clear button to clear all the record.
Client Bridge + Universal Repeater Configuration
When Client Bridge+Universal Repeater mode is activated, the system can be configured as an Access Point and Client
Station simultaneously. This section provides information in configuring the Client Bridge+Universal Repeater mode with
graphical illustrations. TEW-676APBO provides functions as stated below where they can be configured via a userfriendly web based interface.
Option
Functions
System
Wireless
Utilities
Status
Operating Mode
General Setup
Profiles Settings
System Overview
LAN
Advanced Setup
Firmware Upgrade
Clients
Management
Repeater AP Setup
Network Utility
Remote AP
Time Server
Wireless Profile
Reboot
Extra Info
SNMP
Site Survey
Table 7-1: Client Bridge+Universal Repeater Mode Functions
㻝㻢㻣
Event Log
External Network Connection
Network Requirement
It can be used as an Client Bridge or Universal Repeater to receive and repeat wireless signal over last mile applications,
helping WISPs deliver wireless broadband Internet service to new residential and business customers. In this mode,
TEW-676APBO is enabled with DHCP Server functions. The wired clients of WCB1200H2PX are in the same subnet
from Main Base Station and it accepts wireless connections from wireless client devices.
SSID: Main_AP
SSID: Repeater_Main_AP
Internet
Main Base Station
192.168.2.250
192.168.2.254
TEW-676APBO
192.168.2.10
192.168.2.x
Figure 7-1
Client Bridge + Universal Repeater mode network Configuration
When the TEW-676APBO configured as an Access Point and Client Station simultaneously, the Wireless
General and Advanced Setup also used simultaneously. But the Security Type can be different. In the other
word, the channel or other settings will be the same between TEW-676APBO to Main Base Station and
wireless client to TEW-676APBO, but security type can be different.
㻝㻢㻤
Configure LAN IP
Here are the instructions for how to setup the local IP Address and Netmask.
Please click on System -> LAN and follow the below setting.
„
Mode : Check either “Static IP” or “Dynamic IP” button as desired to set up the system IP of LAN port .
Î
Î
Static IP : The administrator can manually setup the LAN IP address when static IP is available/ preferred.
IP Address : The IP address of the LAN port; default IP address is 192.168.2.254
IP Netmask : The Subnet mask of the LAN port; default Netmask is 255.255.255.0
IP Gateway : The default gateway of the LAN port; default Gateway is 192.168.2.1
Dynamic IP : This configuration type is applicable when the WCB1200H2PX is connected to a network with the
presence of a DHCP server; all related IP information will be provided by the DHCP server automatically.
„
Hostname : The Hostname of the LAN port
„
DNS : Check either “No Default DNS Server” or “Specify DNS Server IP” button as desired to set up the system
DNS.
„
Î
Primary : The IP address of the primary DNS server.
Î
Secondary : The IP address of the secondary DNS server.
DHCP Setup : Devices connected to the system can obtain an IP address automatically when this service is
enabled.
㻝㻢㻥
Î
DHCP :
Î
Start IP / End IP: Specify the range of IP addresses to be used by the DHCP server when assigning IP address
Check Enable button to activate this function or Disable to deactivate this service.
to clients. The default range IP address is 192.168.2.10 to 192.168.2.70, the netmask is 255.255.255.0
Î
DNS1 IP :
Î
DNS2 IP : Enter IP address of the second DNS server; this is optional.
Î
WINS IP : Enter IP address of the Windows Internet Name Service (WINS) server; this is optional.
Î
Domain : Enter the domain name for this network.
Î
Lease Time :
Enter IP address of the first DNS server; this field is required.
The IP addresses given out by the DHCP server will only be valid for the duration specified by
the lease time. Increasing the time ensure client operation without interruptions, but could introduce potential
conflicts. Lowering the lease time will avoid potential address conflicts, but might cause more interruptions to the
client while it will acquire new IP addresses from the DHCP server. Default is 86400 seconds
Click Save button to save your changes. Click Reboot button to activate your changes
㻝㻣㻜
Access Point Association
Configure Wireless General Setting
The administrator can change the data transmission, channel and output power settings for the system. Please click on
Wireless -> General Setup and follow the below setting.
„
Band Mode : Select an appropriate wireless band; bands available are 801.11a or 802.11a/n mixed mode.
„
Transmit Rate Control : Select the desired rate from the drop-down list; the options are auto or ranging from 6 to 54
Mbps for 802.11a
„
Country : Select the desired country code from the drop-down list; the options are US, ETSI, JP and NONE.
„
Tx Power : You can adjust the output power of the system to get the appropriate coverage for your wireless network.
Specify digit number between 1 to 100 (the unit is %) for your environment. If you are not sure of which setting to
choose, then keep the default setting, 100%.
When Band Mode select in 802.11a only mode, the HT(High Throughput) Physical Mode and 11n Configuration
settings should be hidden immediately.
„
Operating Mode : By default, it's Mixed Mode
Î
Mixed Mode : In this mode packets are transmitted with a preamble compatible with the legacy 802.11a/g, the
rest of the packet has a new format. In this mode the receiver shall be able to decode both the Mixed Mode
packets and legacy packets.
Î
Green Field : In this mode high throughput packets are transmitted without a legacy compatible part.
„
Channel Bandwidth : The "Auto” MHz option is usually best. The other option is available for special circumstances.
„
Guard Interval : Using “Auto” option can increase throughput. However, it can also increase error rate in some
installations, due to increased sensitivity to radio-frequency reflections. Select the option that works best for your
installation.
㻝㻣㻝
„
MCS : This parameter represents transmission rate. By default (Auto) the fastest possible transmission rate will be
selected. You have the option of selecting the speed if necessary. (Refer to Appendix C. MCS Data Rate)
„
MPDU Enable : Check Enable button to activate this function, and Disable to deactivate.
„
A-MPDU : A-MPDU (Aggregated Mac Protocol Data Unit) allows the transmissions of multiple Ethernet frames to a
single location as burst of up to 64kbytes This is performed on the hardware itself. Select “Manual” to set “MPDU
Density”
„
MPDU Density : Minimum separation of MPDUs in an A-MPDU.
No Restriction
„
¼ μs ½ μs 1 μs 2 μs 4 μs 8 μs 16 μs
A-MSDU : Aggregated Mac Service Data Unit, A-MSDU. Select Enable to allow aggregation for multiple MSDUs in
one MPDU. Default is disabled.
Click Save button to save your changes. Click Reboot button to activate your changes. The items in this page are for
AP's RF general settings and will be applied to Repeater AP
㻝㻣㻞
Wireless Advanced Setup
To achieve optimal wireless performance, it is necessary to tweak advance setting per requirements properly, not
necessary higher the better or lower.
The administrator can change the RTS threshold and fragmentation threshold settings for the system. Please click on
Wireless -> Advanced Setup and follow the below setting.
„
Short Slot : By default, it’s “Enable” for educing the slot time from the standard 20 microseconds to the 9
microsecond short slot time
Slot time is the amount of time a device waits after a collision before retransmitting a packet. Reducing the slot time
decreases the overall back-off, which increases throughput. Back-off, which is a multiple of the slot time, is the
random length of time a station waits before sending a packet on the LAN. For a sender and receiver own right of the
channel the shorter slot time help manage shorter wait time to re-transmit from collision because of hidden wireless
clients or other causes. When collision sources can be removed sooner and other senders attempting to send are
listening the channel(CSMA/CA) the owner of the channel should continue ownership and finish their transmission
and release the channel. Then, following ownership of the channel will be sooner for the new pair due to shorter slot
time. However, when long duration of existing collision sources and shorter slot time exist the owners might
experience subsequent collisions. When adjustment to longer slot time can’t improve performance then RTS/CTS
could supplement and help improve performance.
„
Extra Slot Time : Slot time is in the range of 1~255 and set in unit of microsecond. The default value is 9
microsecond.
When you enable Short Slot and set Extra Slot time to “10”, the actual Slot Time=9+10 us.
When you disable Short Slot and set Extra Slot time to “10”, the actual Slot Time=20+10 us.
㻝㻣㻟
„
ACK Timeout : ACK timeout is in the range of 1~255 and set in unit of microsecond. The default value is 32
microsecond.
All data transmission in 802.11b/g request an “Acknowledgement” (ACK) send by receiving radio. The transmitter will
resend the original packet if correspondent ACK failed to arrive within specific time interval, also refer to as “ACK
Timeout”.
ACK Timeout is adjustable due to the fact that distance between two radio links may vary in different deployment.
ACK Timeout makes significant influence in performance of long distance radio link. If ACK Timeout is set too short,
transmitter will start to “Resend” packet before ACK is received, and throughputs become low due to excessively high
re-transmission.
ACK Timeout is best determined by distance between the radios, data rate of average environment. The Timeout
value is calculated based on round-trip time of packet with a little tolerance, So, if experiencing re-transmissions or
poor performance the ACK Timeout could be made longer to accommodate.
Slot Time and ACK Timeout settings are for long distance links. It is important to tweak settings to achieve the
optimal result based on requirement.
„
Beacon Interval : Beacon Interval is in the range of 20~1024 and set in unit of millisecond. The default value is 100
msec.
Access Point (AP) in IEEE 802.11 will send out a special approximated 50-byte frame, called “Beacon”. Beacon is
broadcast to all the stations, provides the basic information of AP such as SSID, channel, encryption keys, signal
strength, time stamp, support data rate.
All the radio stations received beacon recognizes the existence of such AP, and may proceed next actions if the
information from AP matches the requirement. Beacon is sent on a periodic basis, the time interval can be adjusted.
By increasing the beacon interval, you can reduce the number of beacons and associated overhead, but that will
likely delay the association and roaming process because stations scanning for available access points may miss the
beacons. You can decrease the beacon interval, which increases the rate of beacons. This will make the association
and roaming process very responsive; however, the network will incur additional overhead and throughput will go
down.
„
DTIM Interval : The DTIM interval is in the range of 1~255. The default is 1.
DTIM is defined as Delivery Traffic Indication Message. It is used to notify the wireless stations, which support power
saving mode, when to wake up to receive multicast frame. DTIM is necessary and critical in wireless environment as
a mechanism to fulfill power-saving synchronization.
A DTIM interval is a count of the number of beacon frames that must occur before the access point sends the
buffered multicast frames. For instance, if DTIM Interval is set to 3, then the Wi-Fi clients will expect to receive a
multicast frame after receiving three Beacon frame. The higher DTIM interval will help power saving and possibly
decrease wireless throughput in multicast applications.
㻝㻣㻠
„
Fragment Threshold : The Fragment Threshold is in the range of 256~2346 byte. The default is 2346 byte.
Each Wi-Fi packet can be divided into smaller packets, marked with a sequential fragment number and re-assemble
in the receiving ends. The purpose is to make a short frame, instead of long frame, transmitting by radio in a heavy
noisy environment. Because of sending smaller frames, corruptions are much less likely to occur. The pros is
obvious, the cons is the overhead for transmission. So, in a clean environment, higher fragment threshold can be an
option to increase throughput.
Fragmentation will be triggered by setting the Fragment Threshold, usually in Byte-length. Only when the frame size
is over the Threshold, fragmentation will take place automatically.
„
RTS Threshold : TRTS Threshold is in the range of 1~2347 byte. The default is 2347 byte.
The main purpose of enabling RTS by changing RTS threshold is to reduce possible collisions due to hidden wireless
clients. RTS in AP will be enabled automatically if the packet size is larger than the Threshold value. By default, RTS
is disabled in a normal environment supports non-jumbo frames.
„
Short Preamble : By default, it’s “Enable”. To Disable is to use Long 128-bit Preamble Synchronization field.
The preamble is used to signal "here is a train of data coming" to the receiver. The short preamble provides 72-bit
Synchronization field to improve WLAN transmission efficiency with less overhead.
„
Tx Burst : By default, it’s “Enable”. To Disable is to deactivate Tx Burst.
With TX burst enabled, AP will send many packets in a burst, without collision detection and RTS/CTS for each packet. TX
Burst have better throughput but cause interference with other APs in channel.
„
Pkt_Aggregate : By default, it's “Enable”
Increase efficiency by aggregating multiple packets of application data into a single transmission frame. In this way,
802.11n networks can send multiple data packets with the fixed overhead cost of just a single frame.
„
IEEE802.11H (DFS) : By default, it's “Disable”. To Enable is to use IEEE802.11H(DFS)
With DFS(Dynamic Frequency Selection) enabled, radio is operating on one of the following channels, the wireless
device uses DFS to monitor the operating frequency and switch to another frequency or reduce power as necessary:
DFS Channels
52, 56, 60, 64, 100, 104, 108, 112, 116, 120, 124, 128, 136, 140
The maximum legal transmit power is greater for some 5 GHz channels than for others. When the wireless device
randomly selects a 5 GHz channel on which power is restricted, the wireless device automatically reduces transmit
power to comply with power limits for that channel in that regulatory domain.
The Channel 52-140 is DFS channel. If tuen on IEEE802.11H, AP Will have 60 sec to do channel available
check, and will not send beacon and cannot be connected. When WCB1200H2PX detect radar(5GHz) signal,
the AP will switch channel and stop beacon trasmit between 15 sec.
„
WMM :
By default, it's “Disable”. To Enable is to use WMM and the WMM parameters should appears.
㻝㻣㻡
When you enable WMM, the “Tx Burst” will be Disabled automatically by system.
Î WMM Parameters of Access Point : This affects traffic flowing from the access point to the client station
Queue
Data Transmitted
AP to Clients
AC_BK
Background.
AC_BE
AC_VI
Best Effort
Video
AC_VO
Voice
Priority
Description
High throughput. Bulk data that requires maximum throughput and is not timesensitive is sent to this queue (FTP data, for example).
Medium Medium throughput and delay. Most traditional IP data is sent to this queue
High
Minimum delay. Time-sensitive video data is automatically sent to this queue
Time-sensitive data like VoIP and streaming media are automatically sent to this
High
queue
Low
Configuring QoS options consists of setting parameters on existing queues for different types of wireless traffic.
You can configure different minimum and maximum wait times for the transmission of packets in each queue
based on the requirements of the media being sent. Queues automatically provide minimum transmission delay
for Voice, Video, multimedia, and mission critical applications, and rely on best-effort parameters for traditional IP
data.
As an Example, time-sensitive Voice & Video, and multimedia are given effectively higher priority for transmission
(lower wait times for channel access), while other applications and traditional IP data which are less timesensitive but often more data-intensive are expected to tolerate longer wait times.
㻝㻣㻢
9
Aifsn : The Arbitration Inter-Frame Spacing Number specifies a wait time (in milliseconds) for data frames
CWmin : Minimum Contention Window. This parameter is input to the algorithm that determines the initial
random backoff wait time ("window") for retry of a transmission. The value specified here in the Minimum
Contention Window is the upper limit (in milliseconds) of a range from which the initial random backoff wait
time is determined.
CWmax : Maximum Contention Window. The value specified here in the Maximum Contention Window is
the upper limit (in milliseconds) for the doubling of the random backoff value. This doubling continues until
either the data frame is sent or the Maximum Contention Window size is reached. Once the Maximum
Contention Window size is reached, retries will continue until a maximum number of retries allowed is
reached. Valid values for the "cwmax" are 1, 3, 7, 15, 31, 63, 127, 255, 511, or 1024. The value for "cwmax"
must be higher than the value for "cwmin".
Txop : Transmission Opportunity is an interval of time when a WME AP has the right to initiate
transmissions onto the wireless medium (WM). This value specifies (in milliseconds) the Transmission
Opportunity (TXOP) for AP; that is, the interval of time when the WMM AP has the right to initiate
transmissions on the wireless network.
ACM : Admission Control Mandatory, ACM only takes effect on AC_VI and AC_VO. When you do not click
Checkbox, it means that the ACM is controlled by the connecting AP. If you click Checkbox, it means that the
Client is in charge.
AckPolicy : Acknowledgment Policy, WMM defines two ACK policies: Normal ACK and No ACK. Click
“Checkbox” indicates “No ACK”
When the no acknowledgment (No ACK) policy is used, the recipient does not acknowledge received
packets during wireless packet exchange. This policy is suitable in the environment where communication
quality is fine and interference is weak. While the No ACK policy helps improve transmission efficiency, it
can cause increased packet loss when communication quality deteriorates. This is because when this policy
is used, a sender does not retransmit packets that have not been received by the recipient.
When the Normal ACK policy is used, the recipient acknowledges each received unicast packet.
Î
Queue
WMM Parameters of Station : This affects traffic flowing from the client station to the access point.
Data Transmitted
Priority
Clients to AP
AC_BK
Background.
AC_BE
AC_VI
Best Effort
Video
AC_VO
Voice
Description
High throughput. Bulk data that requires maximum throughput and is not timesensitive is sent to this queue (FTP data, for example).
Medium Medium throughput and delay. Most traditional IP data is sent to this queue
High
Minimum delay. Time-sensitive video data is automatically sent to this queue
Time-sensitive data like VoIP and streaming media are automatically sent to this
High
queue
Low
Aifsn : The Arbitration Inter-Frame Spacing Number specifies a wait time (in milliseconds) for data frames
CWmin : Minimum Contention Window. This parameter is input to the algorithm that determines the initial
random backoff wait time ("window") for retry of a transmission. The value specified here in the Minimum
Contention Window is the upper limit (in milliseconds) of a range from which the initial random backoff wait
time is determined.
㻝㻣㻣
9
CWmax : Maximum Contention Window. The value specified here in the Maximum Contention Window is
the upper limit (in milliseconds) for the doubling of the random backoff value. This doubling continues until
either the data frame is sent or the Maximum Contention Window size is reached. Once the Maximum
Contention Window size is reached, retries will continue until a maximum number of retries allowed is
reached. Valid values for the "cwmax" are 1, 3, 7, 15, 31, 63, 127, 255, 511, or 1024. The value for "cwmax"
must be higher than the value for "cwmin".
Txop : Transmission Opportunity is an interval of time when a WME AP has the right to initiate
transmissions onto the wireless medium (WM). This value specifies (in milliseconds) the Transmission
Opportunity (Txop) for AP; that is, the interval of time when the WMM AP has the right to initiate
transmissions on the wireless network.
ACM : Admission Control Mandatory, ACM only takes effect on AC_VI and AC_VO. When you do not click
Checkbox, it means that the ACM is controlled by the connecting AP. If you click Checkbox, it means that the
Client is in charge.
Change these settings as described here and click Save button to save your changes. Click Reboot button to activate
your changes. The items in this page are for AP's RF advanced settings and will be applied to Repeater AP.
㻝㻣㻤
Site Survey
Use this tool to scan and locate WISP Access Points and select one to associate with.
Please click on Wireless -> Site Survey. Below depicts an example for site survey.
„
ESSID : Available Extend Service Set ID of surrounding Access Points.
„
MAC Address : MAC addresses of surrounding Access Points.
„
Signal : Received signal strength of all found Access Points.
„
Channel : Channel numbers used by all found
„
Security : Security type by all found
„
Band : Wireless band used by all found
„
Network Type : Network type used by all found
„
Select : Click “Select” to configure settings and associate with chosen AP.
Access Points.
Access Points.
Access Points.
Access Points.
While clicking “Select” button in the Site Survey Table, the “ESSID” and “Security Type” will apply in the
Wireless Profile Setup. However, more settings are needed including Security Key.
㻝㻣㻥
Create Wireless Profile
The administrator can configure station profiles via this page.
Please click on Wireless -> Wireless Profile and follow the below setting.
„
MAC Address : The MAC address of the Wireless Station is displayed here.
„
Profile Name : Set different profiles for quick connection uses.
„
ESSID : Assign Service Set ID for the wireless system.
„
Lock to AP MAC : This allows the station to always maintain connection to a particular AP with a specific MAC
address. This is useful as sometimes there can be few identically named SSID's (AP's) with different MAC
addresses. With AP lock on, the station will lock to MAC address and not roam between several Access Points with
the same ESSID.
„
Channel/Frequency : Select the desired channel range.
If tuen on IEEE802.11H and TEW-676APBO connect AP with DFS channel 52-140, TEWWill have 60 sec to do channel available check, and will not send beacon and can
not be connect.
676APBO
„
Security Type : Select the desired security type from the drop-down list; the options are “NONE” “OPEN”,
“SHARED”, “WPA-PSK” and
Î
“WPA2-PSK”.
OPEN / SHARED : OPEN and SHARED require the user to set a WEP key to exchange data.
Key Index :
key index is used to designate the WEP key during data transmission. 4 different WEP keys
can be entered at the same time, but only one is chosen.
WEP Key # : Enter HEX or ASCII format WEP key value; the system supports up to 4 sets of WEP keys.
Key Length
Hex
ASCII
64-bit
10 characters
5 characters
128-bit
26 characters
13 characters
㻝㻤㻜
Î
WPA-PSK (or WPA2-PSK) : WPA (or WPA2) Algorithms, allows the system accessing the network by using the
WPA-PSK protected access.
Cipher Suite : Select the desired cipher suite from the drop-down list; the options are AES and TKIP
Pre-shared Key : Enter the information for pre-shared key; the key can be either entered as a 256-bit
secret in 64 HEX digits format, or 8 to 63 ASCII characters.
„
Profile List : The user can manage the created profiles for home, work or public areas. Below depict an example for
Profile List
Î
Click “”Edit” an exist profile on the Profile List. The field of System Configuration and Security Policy will display
profile's content. Edit profile's content and then click “Save” button to save the profile.
Î
Click “Delete” to remove profile.
Î
Click and Select a profile from list, then click the “Connect” button to connecting to the wireless network with the
profile setting.
After clicking “Connect” button, the system should be jump to Remote AP Page, you can verify
connecting status on Remote AP Page.
When you click “Save” button on this page, the system will connect to specify AP and jump
to Remote AP Page
If tuen on IEEE802.11H and TEW-676APBO connect AP with DFS channel 52-140, TEW676APBO Will have 60 sec to do channel available check, and will not send beacon and can
not be connect.
Change these settings as described here and click Save button to save your changes. Click Reboot button to activate
your changes
㻝㻤㻝
Wireless LAN Network Creation
The network manager can configure related wireless settings, Repeater AP Setup, Security Settings, and MAC Filter
Settings.
Repeater AP Setup
Administrators can configure ESSID, SSID broadcasting, Maximum number of client associations, security type settings
and MAC Filter settings.
„
Enable Repeater AP : By default, it’s “Enable” for repeater AP. Select “Enable” to activate Repeater AP or click
“Disable” to deactivate this function
„
ESSID : Extended
Service Set ID, When clients are browsing for available wireless networks, this is the SSID that
will appear in the list. ESSID will determine the service type available to AP's clients associated with the specified AP.
„
Client Isolation : By default, it’s “Disable”.
Select “Enable”, all clients will be isolated from each other, which means they can’t reach each other.
„
Hidden SSID : By default, it’s “Disable”.
Enable this option to stop the SSID broadcast in your network. When disabled, people could easily obtain the SSID
information with the site survey software and get access to the network if security is not turned on. When enabled,
network security is enhanced. It’s suggested to enable it after AP security settings are archived and setting of AP's
clients could make to associate to it.
„
Maximum Clients : The default value is 32. You can enter the number of wireless clients that can associate to a
particular SSID. When the number of client is set to 5, only 5 clients at most are allowed to connect to this Repeater
AP.
„
Security Type : Select the desired security type from the drop-down list; the options are Disable, WEP, WPA-PSK,
WPA2-PSK, WPA-Enterprise, WPA2-Enterprise and WEP 802.1X.
Î
Disable : Data are unencrypted during transmission when this option is selected.
Î
WEP : Wired Equivalent Privacy(WEP) is a data encryption mechanism based on a 64-bit or 128-bit shared key.
㻝㻤㻞
9
Authentication Method : Enable the desire option among OPEN, SHARED or WEPAUTO.
Key Index :
key index is used to designate the WEP key during data transmission. 4 different WEP keys
can be entered at the same time, but only one is chosen.
Î
WEP Key # : Enter HEX or ASCII format WEP key value; the system supports up to 4 sets of WEP keys.
Key Length
Hex
ASCII
64-bit
10 characters
5 characters
128-bit
26 characters
13 characters
WPA-PSK (or WPA2-PSK) : WPA (or WPA2) Algorithms, allows the system accessing the network by using the
WPA-PSK protected access.
Cipher Suite : By default, it is AES. Select either AES or TKIP cipher suites
Pre-shared Key : Enter the pre-shared key; the format shall go with the selected key type.
Pre-shared key can be entered with either a 256-bit secret in 64 HEX digits format, or 8 to 63 ASCII characters.
Group Key Update Period : By default, it is 3600 seconds. This time interval for rekeying GTK,
broadcast/multicast encryption keys, in seconds. Entering the time-length is required.
Î
WPA-Enterprise (or WPA2-Enterprise): The RADIUS authentication and encryption will be both enabled if this
is selected.
㻝㻤㻟
9
WPA General Settings :
Cipher Suite : By default, it is AES. Select either AES or TKIP cipher suites
Group Key Update Period : By default, it’s 3600 seconds. This time interval for rekeying GTK,
broadcast/multicast encryption keys, in seconds. Entering the time-length is required.
PMK Cache Period :
By default, it's 10 minutes. Set WPA2 PMKID cache timeout period, after time
out, the cached key will be deleted.
Pre-Authentication : By default, it's “Disable”. To Enable is use to speed up roaming before preauthenticating IEEE 802.1X/EAP part of the full RSN authentication and key handshake before actually
associating with a new AP.
PMK Cache Period and Pre-Authentication is used in WPA2-Enterprise
Radius Server Settings :
IP Address : Enter the IP address of the Authentication RADIUS server.
Port : By default, it’s 1812. The port number used to communicate with RADIUS server.
Shared secret : A secret key used between system and RADIUS server. Supports 8 to 64 characters.
Session Timeout :
The Session timeout is in the range of 0~60 seconds. The default is 0 to
re-authenticate service.
Amount of time before a client will be required to re-authenticate.
㻝㻤㻠
disable
Î
WEP 802.1X : When WEP 802.1x Authentication is enabled, please refer to the following Dynamic WEP and
RADIUS settings to complete configuration.
Radius Server Settings :
IP Address : Enter the IP address of the Authentication RADIUS server.
Port : By default, it’s 1812. The port number used to communicate with RADIUS server.
Shared secret : A secret key used between system and RADIUS server. Supports 8 to 64 characters.
Session Timeout :
The Session timeout is in the range of 0~60 seconds. The default is 0 to disable
re-authenticate service.
Amount of time before a client will be required to re-authenticate.
㻝㻤㻡
Wireless MAC Filter Setup
Continue 7.3.1 Repeater AP Setup section, the administrator can allow or reject clients to access Repeater AP.
„
MAC Filter Setup : By default, it’s “Disable”. Options are Disable, Only Deny List MAC or Only Allow List MAC.
Two ways to set MAC filter rules :
Î
Only Allow List MAC.
The wireless clients in the “Enable” list will be allowed to access the Access Point; All others or clients in the
“Disable” list will be denied.
Î
Only Deny List MAC.
The wireless clients in the “Enable” list will be denied to access the Access Point; All others or clients
in the
“Disable” list will be allowed.
„
Add a station MAC : Enter MAC address (e.g. aa:bb:cc:00:00:0a) and click “Add” button, then the MAC address
should display in the “Enable” List.
There are a maximum of 20 clients allowed in this “Enable” List. The MAC addresses of the wireless clients can be added
and removed to the list using the Add and Remove buttons.
Click Reboot button to activate your changes
MAC Access Control is the weakest security approach.WPA or WPA2 security method is highly recommended.
㻝㻤㻢
System Management
Configure Management
Administrator could specify geographical location of the system via instructions in this page. Administrator could also
enter new Root and Admin passwords and allow multiple login methods.
Please click System -> Management and follow the below settings.
TEW-676APBO
„
System Information
Î
System Name : Enter a desired name or use the default one.
Î
Description : Provide description of the system.
Î
Location : Enter geographical location information of the system. It helps administrator to locate the system
easier.
The system supports two management accounts, root and admin. The network manager is assigned with full
administrative privileges, when logging in as root user, to manage the system in all aspects. While logging in as an
admin user, only subset of privileges is granted such as basic maintenance. For example, root user can change
passwords for both root and admin account, and admin user can only manage its own. For more information about
covered privileges for these two accounts, please refer to Appendix D. Network manager Privileges.
„
„
„
Root Password : Log in as a root user and is allowed to change its own, plus admin user’s password.
Î
New Password : Enter a new password if desired
Î
Check New Password : Enter the same new password again to check.
Admin Password : Log in as a admin user and is allowed to change its own,
Î
New Password : Enter a new password if desired
Î
Check New Password : Enter the same new password again to check.
Admin Login Methods : Only root user can enable or disable system login methods and change services port.
Î
Enable HTTP : Check to select HTTP Service.
㻝㻤㻣
Î
HTTP Port : The default is 80 and the range is between 1 ~ 65535.
Î
Enable HTTPS : Check to select HTTPS Service
Î
HTTPS Port : The default is 443 and the range is between 1 ~ 65535.
If you already have an SSL Certificate, please click “UploadKey” button to select the file and upload it.
Î
Enable Telnet : Check to select Telnet Service
Î
Telnet Port : The default is 23 and the range is between 1 ~ 65535.
Î
Enable SSH : Check to select SSH Service
Î
SSH Port : Please The default is 22 and the range is between 1 ~ 65535.
Click “GenerateKey” button to generate RSA private key. The “host key footprint” gray blank will display
content of RSA key.
„
Ping Watchdog : The ping watchdog sets the TEW-676APBO Device to continuously ping a user defined IP address
(it can be the internet gateway for example). If it is unable to ping under the user defined constraints, the TEW676APBO device will automatically reboot. This option creates a kind of "fail-proof" mechanism.
Ping Watchdog is dedicated for continuous monitoring of the particular connection to remote host using the Ping tool.
The Ping works by sending ICMP “echo request” packets to the target host and listening for ICMP “echo response”
replies. If the defined number of replies is not received, the tool reboots the device.
Î
Enable Ping Watchdog : control will enable Ping Watchdog Tool.
Î
IP Address To Ping : specify an IP address of the target host which will be monitored by Ping Watchdog Tool.
Î
Ping Interval : specify time interval (in seconds) between the ICMP “echo requests” are sent by the Ping
Watchdog Tool. Default is 300 seconds.
Î
Startup Delay : specify initial time delay (in seconds) until first ICMP “echo requests” are sent by the Ping
Watchdog Tool. The value of Startup Delay should be at least 60 seconds as the network interface and wireless
connection initialization takes considerable amount of time if the device is rebooted. Default is 300 seconds.
Î
Failure Count To Reboot : specify the number of ICMP “echo response” replies. If the specified number of
ICMP “echo response” packets is not received continuously, the Ping Watchdog Tool will reboot the device.
㻝㻤㻤
Click Save button to save your changes. Click Reboot button to activate your changes
Without a valid certificate, users may encounter the following problem in IE7 when they try to access system's WMI
(https://192.168.2.254). There will be a “Certificate Error”, because the browser treats system as an illegal website.
Click
“Continue to this website” to access the system's WMI. The system's Overview page will appear.
㻝㻤㻥
Configure System Time
System time can be configured via this page, and manual setting or via a NTP server is supported.
Please click on System -> Time Server and follow the below setting.
„
Local Time : Display the current system time.
„
NTP Client : To synchronize the system time with NTP server.
Î
Enable : Check to select NTP client.
Î
Default NTP Server : Select the NTP Server from the drop-down list.
Î
Time Zone : Select a desired time zone from the drop-down list.
Î
Daylight saving time : Enable or disable Daylight saving.
If the system time from NTP server seems incorrect, please verify your network settings, like default Gateway
and DNS settings
Click Save button to save your changes. Click Reboot button to activate your changes
㻝㻥㻜
Configure SNMP Setup
SNMP is an application-layer protocol that provides a message format for communication between SNMP manager and
agent. By enabling SNMP function, the administrator can obtain the system information remotely.
Please click on System -> SNMP Setup and follow the below setting.
„
„
SNMP v2c Enable: Check to enable SNMP v2c.
Î
ro community : Set a community string to authorize read-only access.
Î
rw community : Set a community string to authorize read/write access.
SNMP v3 Enable:
Check to enable SNMP v3.
SNMPv3 supports the highest level SNMP security.
„
Î
SNMP ro user : Set a community string to authorize read-only access.
Î
SNMP ro password : Set a password to authorize read-only access.
Î
SNMP rw user : Set a community string to authorize read/write access.
Î
SNMP rw password : Set a password to authorize read/write access.
SNMP Trap : Events such as cold start, interface up & down, and association & disassociation will report to an
assigned server.
㻝㻥㻝
Î
Community : Set a community string required by the remote host computer that will receive trap messages or
notices send by the system.
Î
IP : Enter the IP addresses of the remote hosts to receive trap messages.
Click Save button to save changes and click Reboot button to activate.
㻝㻥㻞
Backup / Restore and Reset to Factory
Backup current configuration, restore prior configuration or reset back to factory default configuration can be executed via
this page.
Please click on Utilities -> Profile Setting and follow the below setting.
„
Save Settings To PC : Click Save button to save the current configuration to a local disk.
„
Load Settings from PC : Click Browse button to locate a configuration file to restore, and then click Upload button
to upload.
„
Reset To Factory Default : Click Default button to reset back to the factory default settings and expect Successful
loading message. Then, click Reboot button to activate.
㻝㻥㻟
Firmware Upgrade
Firmware is the main software image that system needs to respond to requests and to manage real time operations.
Firmware upgrades are sometimes required to include new features or bugs fix. It takes around 2 minutes to upgrade
due to complexity of firmware. To upgrade system firmware, click Browse button to locate the new firmware, and then
click Upgrade button to upgrade.
1.
2.
3.
To prevent data loss during firmware upgrade, please back up current settings before proceeding
Do not interrupt during firmware upgrade including power on/off as this may damage system.
Never perform firmware upgrade over wireless connection or via remote access connection.
㻝㻥㻠
Network Utility
The administrator can diagnose network connectivity via the PING utility.
Please click on Utilities -> Network Utility and follow the below setting.
„
Ping : This utility will help ping other devices on the network to verify connectivity. Ping utility, using ICMP packets,
detects connectivity and latency between two network nodes. As result of that, packet loss and latency time are
available in the Result field while running the PING test.
Î
Destination IP/Domain : Enter desired domain name, i.e. www.google.com, or IP address of the destination,
and click ping button to proceed. The ping result will be shown in the Result field.
Î
„
Count : By default, it’s 5 and the range is from 1 to 50. It indicates number of connectivity test.
Traceroute : Allows tracing the hops from the TEW-676APBO device to a selected outgoing IP address. It should be
used for the finding the route taken by ICMP packets across the network to the destination host. The test is started
using the Start button, click Stop button to stopped test
Î
Destination Host : Specifies the Destination Host for the finding the route taken by ICMP packets across the
network.
Î
MAX Hop : Specifies the maximum number of hops( max time-to-live value) traceroute will probe.
㻝㻥㻡
Reboot
This function allows user to restart system with existing or most current settings when changes are made. Click Reboot
button to proceed and take around three minutes to complete.
A reminder will be available for remaining time to complete. If power cycle is necessary, please wait till completion of the
reboot process.
The System Overview page appears upon the completion of reboot.
㻝㻥㻢
System Status
This section breaks down into subsections of System Overview, Associated Clients Status, Remote AP, Extra
Information and Event Log.
System Overview
Display detailed information of System, Network, LAN and Wireless in the System Overview page.
„
System : Display the information of the system.
TEW-676APBO
„
Î
System Name : The name of the system.
Î
Operating Mode : The mode currently in service.
Î
Location : The reminding note on the geographical location of the system.
Î
Description : The reminding note of the system.
Î
Firmware Version : The current firmware version installed.
Î
Firmware Date : The build time of the firmware installed.
Î
Device Time : The current time of the system.
Î
System Up Time : The time period that system has been in service since last reboot.
Network Information : Display the information of the Network.
Î
Mode : Supports Static or Dynamic modes on the LAN interface.
Î
IP Address : The management IP of system. By default, it’s 192.168.2.254.
Î
IP Netmask : The network mask. By default, it’s 255.255.255.0.
Î
IP Gateway : The gateway IP address and by default, it’s 192.168.2.1.
Î
Primary DNS : The primary DNS server in service.
Î
Secondary DNS : The secondary DNS server in service.
㻝㻥㻣
„
„
LAN Information : Display the detailed receive and transmit statistics of LAN interface.
Î
MAC Address : The MAC address of the LAN port.
Î
Receive bytes : The total received packets in bytes on the LAN port.
Î
Receive packets : The total received packets of the LAN port.
Î
Transmit bytes : The total transmitted packets in bytes of the LAN port.
Î
Transmit packets : The total transmitted packets of the LAN port.
Wireless Information : Display the detailed receive and transmit statistics of Wireless interface.
Î
AP MAC Address : The MAC address of the repeater AP.
Î
Station MAC Address : The MAC address of the Wireless Client Station.
Î
Channel : The current channel on the Wireless port.
Î
AP Rate : The current Bit Rate on the Repeater AP.
Î
Station Rate : The current Bit Rate on the Wireless Client Station.
Î
Receive bytes :The total received packets in bytes on the Wireless port.
Î
Receive packets : The total received packets on the Wireless port.
Î
Transmit bytes : The total transmitted packets in bytes on the Wireless port.
Î
Transmit packets : The total transmitted packets on the Wireless port.
㻝㻥㻤
„
DHCP Server Status : Users could retrieve DHCP server and DHCP clients’ IP/MAC address via this field.
Î
IP Address : IP addresses to LAN devices by DHCP server.
Î
MAC Address : MAC addresses of LAN devices.
Î
Expired In : Shows how long the leased IP address will expire.
㻝㻥㻥
Associated Clients Status
It displays ESSID, on/off Status, Security Type, total number of wireless clients associated with Repeater AP.
„
„
AP Information : Highlights key Repeater AP information.
Î
AP : Available Repeater AP.
Î
ESSID : Display name of ESSID for Repeater AP.
Î
MAC Address : Display MAC address for Repeater AP.
Î
Status : On/Off
Î
Security Type : Display chosen security type; WEP, WPA/WPA2-PSK, WPA/WPA2-Enterprise.
Î
Clients : Display total number of wireless connections on Repeater AP.
Repeater AP Clients : Display all associated clients.
Î
MAC Address : MAC address of associated clients
Î
Signal Strength ANT0/ANT1 : Signal Strength of from associated clients.
Î
Bandwidth : Channel bandwidth of from associated clients
Î
Idle Time : Last inactive time period in seconds for a wireless connection.
Î
Connect Time : Total connection time period in seconds for a wireless connection.
Î
Disconnect : Click “Delete” button to manually disconnect a wireless client in a Repeater AP.
㻞㻜㻜
Remote AP
SSID, MAC address, antenna 0/1 received signal strength and channel bandwidth for associated AP are available.
„
ESSID : Shows the current ESSID, which must be the same on the wireless client and AP in order for communication
to be established.
„
MAC Address : Display MAC address of associated AP.
„
Signal Strength ANT0/ANT1 : Shows the wireless signal strength of the connection between system and an access
point.
„
BandWidth : Shows the current channel bandwidth used for communication. It should be “20” or “40”
If display “No Connection AP!” , you need check Wireless configuration. Things to verify are Channel and
Security type. Also, adjust antenna angle and Tx Power.
㻞㻜㻝
Extra Information
Users could pull out information such as Route table, ARP table, MAC table, Bridge table or STP available in the dropdown list from system. The “Refresh” button is used to retrieve latest table information.
„
Route table information :
Select “Route table information” on the drop-down list to display route table.
TEW-676APBO could be used as a L2 or L3 device. It doesn’t support dynamic routing protocols such as RIP or
OSPF. Static routes to specific hosts, networks or default gateway are set up automatically according to the IP
configuration of system's interfaces. When used as a L2 device, it could switch packets and, as L3 device, it’s
capable of being a gateway to route packets inward and outward.
„
ARP table Information :
Select “ARP Table Information” on the drop-down list to display ARP table.
ARP associates each IP address to a unique hardware address (MAC) of a device. It is important to have a unique IP
address as final
destination to switch
packets to.
„
Bridge table information :
Select “Bridge Table information” on the drop-down list to display bridge table.
Bridge table will show Bridge ID and STP's Status on the each Ethernet bridge and its attached interfaces, the Bridge
Port should be attached to some interfaces. (e.g. eth2, ra0 and apcli0).
„
Bridge MAC information :
Select “Bridge MACs Information” on the drop-down list to display MAC table.
This table displays local MAC addresses associated with wired or wireless interfaces, but also remember non-local
MAC addresses learned from wired or wireless interfaces.
㻞㻜㻞
Ageing timers will be reset when existing MAC addresses in table are learned again or added when new MAC
addresses are seen from wired or wireless interfaces as well. When time runs out for a particular entry, it will be
pruned from the table. In that situation, switching packet to that particular MAC address will be discontinued.
„
Bridge STP Information :
Select “Bridge STP Information” on the drop-down list to display a list of bridge STP
information.
㻞㻜㻟
Event Log
The Event log displays system events when system is up and running. Also, it becomes very useful as a troubleshooting
tool when issues are experienced in system.
„
Time : The date and time when the event occurred.
„
Facility : It helps users to identify source of events such “System” or “User”
„
Severity : Severity level that a specific event is associated such as “info”, “error”, “warning”, etc.
„
Message : Description of the event.
Click Refresh button to renew the log, or click Clear button to clear all the record.
Router AP Mode Configuration
When Router AP mode is chosen, the system can be configured as a Router with Access Point and WDS function. This
section provides detailed explanation for users to configure in the Router AP mode with help of illustrations. In the Router
AP mode, functions listed in the table below are also available from the Web-based GUI interface.
OPTION
Functions
System
Wireless
Advance
Utilities
Status
Operating Mode
General Setup
DMZ
Profiles Settings
System Overview
WAN
Advanced Setup
IP Filter
Firmware Upgrade
Station Statistics
LAN
Virtual AP Setup
MAC Filter
Network Utility
Extra Info
DDNS
WDS Setup
Virtual Server
Reboot
QoS Plot
Management
Parental Control
Time Server
QoS
UPNP
SNMP
Table 8-1: Router AP Mode Functions
㻞㻜㻠
Event Log
External Network Connection
Network Requirement
It can be used as an Router AP with WDS function. In this mode, TEW-676APBO is a gateway enabled with NAT and
DHCP Server functions. The wireless clients connected to TEW-676APBO are in different subnet from those connected
to Internet.
Remote Bass Station
WDS
192.168.2.x
SSID: Main_AP
Internet
TEW-676APBO
WAN
192.168.1.254
Figure 8-1
192.168.2.10
WLAN
192.168.2.254
Router AP mode network configuration
㻞㻜㻡
Configure WAN Setup
There are three connection types for the WAN port : Static IP, Dynamic IP, PPPoE and PPTP.
Please click on System -> WAN and follow the below setting.
In Router AP mode, the WAN Port is the wired interface.
„
Mode : By default, it’s “Static IP”. Check “Static IP”, “Dynamic IP”, “PPPoE” or “PPTP”to set up system WAN IP.
Î
Î
Static IP : Users can manually setup the WAN IP address with a static IP provided by WISP.
IP Address : The IP address of the WAN port; default IP address is 192.168.1.254
IP Netmask : The Subnet mask of the WAN port; default Netmask is 255.255.255.0
IP Gateway : The default gateway of the WAN port; default Gateway is 192.168.1.1
Dynamic IP : Please consult with WISP for correct wireless settings to associate with WISP AP before a
dynamic IP, along with related IP settings including DNS can be available from DHCP server. If IP Address is not
assigned, please double check with your wireless settings and ensure successful association.
go to
“WAN Information” in the Overview page to click Release button to release IP address and click Renew
button to renew IP address again.
Î
Also, you may
Hostname : The Hostname of the WAN port
PPPoE : To create wireless PPPoE WAN connection to a PPPoE server in network.
㻞㻜㻢
9
User Name : Enter User Name for PPPoE connection
Password : Enter Password for PPPoE connection
Reconnect Mode :
Always on – A connection to Internet is always maintained.
On Demand – A connection to Internet is made as needed.
When Time Server is enabled at the “On Demand” mode, the “Reconnect Mode” will turn out “Always on”.
Manual – Click the “Connect” button on “WAN Information” in the Overview page to connect to the
Internet.
Idle Time : Time to last before disconnecting PPPoE session when it is idle. Enter preferred Idle Time in
minutes. Default is “0”, indicates disabled. When Idle time is disabled, the “Reconnect Mode” will turn out
“Always on”
MTU : By default, it’s 1492 bytes. MTU stands for Maximum Transmission Unit. Consult with WISP for a
correct MTU setting.
Î
PPTP : The Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol (PPTP) mode enables the implementation of secure multi-protocol Virtual
Private Networks (VPNs) through public networks.
IP Address : The IP address of the WAN port
IP Netmask : The Subnet mask of the WAN port
PPTP Server IP Address : The IP address of the PPTP server
User Name : Enter User Name for PPTP connection
Password : Enter Password for PPTP connection
Reconnect Mode :
Always on – A connection to Internet is always maintained.
On Demand – A connection to Internet is made as needed.
㻞㻜㻣
When Time Server is enabled at the “On Demand” mode, the “Reconnect Mode” will turn out “Always on”.
Manual – Click the “Connect” button on “WAN Information” in the Overview page to connect to the
Internet.
Idle Time : Time to last before disconnecting PPPoE session when it is idle. Enter preferred Idle Time in
minutes. Default is “0”, indicates disabled. When Idle time is disabled, the “Reconnect Mode” will turn out
“Always on”
MTU : By default, it’s 1460 bytes. MTU stands for Maximum Transmission Unit. Consult with WISP for a
correct MTU setting.
MPPE Encryption : Microsoft Point-to-Point Encryption (MPPE) encrypts data in Point-to-Point
Protocol(PPP)-based dial-up connections or Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol (PPTP) virtual private
network (VPN) connections. 128-bit key (strong) and 40-bit key (standard) MPPE encryption schemes are
supported. MPPE provides data security for the PPTP connection that is between the VPN client and the
VPN server.
„
„
DNS : Check “No Default DNS Server” or “Specify DNS Server IP” radial button as desired to set up system DNS.
Î
Primary : The IP address of the primary DNS server.
Î
Secondary : The IP address of the secondary DNS server.
MAC Clone : The MAC address is a 12-digit HEX code uniquely assigned to hardware as identification. Some ISPs
require you to register a MAC address in order to access to Internet. If not, you could use default MAC or clone MAC
from a PC.
Î
Keep Default MAC Address : Keep the default MAC address of WAN port on the system.
Î
Clone MAC Address : If you want to clone the MAC address of the PC, then click the Clone MAC Address
button. The system will automatically detect your PC's MAC address.
The Clone MAC Address field will display MAC address of the PC connected to system. Click “Save” button
can make clone MAC effective.
Î
Manual MAC Address : Enter the MAC address registered with your ISP.
Click Save button to save your changes. Click Reboot button to activate your changes
㻞㻜㻤
Configure DDNS Setup
Dynamic DNS allows you to map domain name to dynamic IP address.
Please click on System -> DDNS Setup and follow the below setting.
„
Enabled: By default, it’s “Disable”. The mapping domain name won’t change when dynamic IP changes. The beauty
of it is no need to remember the dynamic WAP IP while accessing to it.
„
Service Provider: Select the preferred Service Provider from the drop-down list including
„
Hostname: Host Name that you register to Dynamic-DNS service and export.
„
User Name & Password: User Name and Password are used to login DDNS service.
Click Save button to save your changes. Click Reboot button to activate your changes
㻞㻜㻥
dyndns, dhs, ods and tzo
Configure LAN Setup
Here are the instructions for how to setup the local IP Address and Netmask.
Please click on System -> LAN and follow the below setting.
„
„
LAN IP : The administrator can manually setup the LAN IP address.
Î
IP Address : The IP address of the LAN port; default IP address is 192.168.2.254
Î
IP Netmask : The Subnet mask of the LAN port; default Netmask is 255.255.255.0
DHCP Setup : Devices connected to the system can obtain an IP address automatically when this service is
enabled.
Î
DHCP :
Î
Start IP / End IP: Specify the range of IP addresses to be used by the DHCP server when assigning IP address
Check Enable button to activate this function or Disable to deactivate this service.
to clients. The default range IP address is 192.168.2.10 to 192.168.2.70, the netmask is 255.255.255.0
Î
DNS1 IP :
Î
DNS2 IP : Enter IP address of the second DNS server; this is optional.
Î
WINS IP : Enter IP address of the Windows Internet Name Service (WINS) server; this is optional.
Î
Domain : Enter the domain name for this network.
Î
Lease Time :
Enter IP address of the first DNS server; this field is required.
The IP addresses given out by the DHCP server will only be valid for the duration specified by
the lease time. Increasing the time ensure client operation without interruptions, but could introduce potential
conflicts. Lowering the lease time will avoid potential address conflicts, but might cause more interruptions to the
client while it will acquire new IP addresses from the DHCP server. Default is 86400 seconds
Click Save button to save your changes. Click Reboot button to activate your changes
㻞㻝㻜
Wireless LAN Network Creation
The network manager can configure related wireless settings, General Settings, Advanced Settings, Virtual AP(VAP)
Setting, Security Settings, and MAC Filter Settings.
Wireless General Setup
The administrator can change the data transmission, channel and output power settings for the system. Please click on
Wireless -> General Setup and follow the below setting.
„
MAC Address : The MAC address of the Wireless interface is displayed here.
„
Band Mode : Select an appropriate wireless band; bands available are 801.11a or 802.11a/n mixed mode.
„
AP Isolation : Select Enable, all clients will be isolated from each VAP, that means different VAP's clients can not
reach to each other.
„
Transmit Rate Control : Select the desired rate from the drop-down list; the options are auto or ranging from 6 to
54Mbps only for 802.11a mode.
„
Country : Select the desired country code from the drop-down list; the options are US, ETSI, JP and NONE.
„
Channel/Frequency : The channel range will be changed by selecting different country code. Below depicts the
channel range for different Country. When “Band Mode” selected in “802.11a”, the Channel 140 and 165 does not
shown-up on list.
Country
Channel
US
36, 40, 44, 48, 52, 56, 60, 64, 149, 153, 157, 161, 165
ETSI
36, 40, 44, 48, 52, 56, 60, 64, 100, 104, 108, 112, 116, 120, 124, 128, 132, 136, 140
JP
36, 40, 44, 48
NONE
36, 40, 44, 48, 52, 56, 60, 64, 100, 104, 108, 112, 116, 120, 124, 128, 132, 136, 140, 149, 153, 157, 161.165
„
Tx Power : You can adjust the output power of the system to get the appropriate coverage for your wireless network.
Specify digit numbers between 1 to 100 (the unit is %) for your environment. If you are not sure which setting to
choose, then keep the default setting, 100%.
When Band Mode select in 802.11a only mode, the HT(High Throughput) settings should be hidden immediately.
㻞㻝㻝
„
HT TxStream/RxStream : By default, it's 2.
„
Operating Mode : By default, it's Mixed Mode.
Î
Mixed Mode : In this mode packets are transmitted with a preamble compatible with the legacy 802.11a/g, the
rest of the packet has a new format. In this mode the receiver shall be able to decode both the Mixed Mode
packets and legacy packets.
Î
„
Green Field : In this mode high throughput packets are transmitted without a legacy compatible part.
Channel Bandwidth : The "20/40” MHz option is usually best. The other option is available for special
circumstances.
„
Guard Interval : Using “Auto” option can increase throughput. However, it can also increase error rate in some
installations, due to increased sensitivity to radio-frequency reflections. Select the option that works best for your
installation.
„
MCS : This parameter represents transmission rate. By default (Auto) the fastest possible transmission rate will be
selected. You have the option of selecting the speed if necessary. (Refer to Appendix C. MCS Data Rate)
„
Reverse Direction Grant(RDG) : Disable or enable reserve direction grant. Default is enabled.
„
A-MSDU : Aggregated Mac Service Data Unit. Select Enable to allow aggregation for multiple MSDUs in one MPDU
Default is disabled.
„
Auto Block ACK : Disable or enable auto block ACK. Default is enabled.
„
Decline BA Request : Disable or enable decline BA request. Default is disabled.
Change these settings as described here and click Save button to save your changes. Click Reboot button to activate
your changes. The items in this page are for AP's RF general settings and will be applied to all VAPs and WDS Links.
㻞㻝㻞
Wireless Advanced Setup
To achieve optimal wireless performance, it is necessary to tweak advance setting per requirements properly, not
necessary higher the better or lower.
The administrator can change the RTS threshold and fragmentation threshold settings for the system. Please click on
Wireless -> Advanced Setup and follow the below setting.
„
Short Slot : By default, it’s “Enable” for educing the slot time from the standard 20 microseconds to the 9
microsecond short slot time
Slot time is the amount of time a device waits after a collision before retransmitting a packet. Reducing the slot time
decreases the overall back-off, which increases throughput. Back-off, which is a multiple of the slot time, is the
random length of time a station waits before sending a packet on the LAN. For a sender and receiver own right of the
channel the shorter slot time help manage shorter wait time to re-transmit from collision because of hidden wireless
clients or other causes. When collision sources can be removed sooner and other senders attempting to send are
listening the channel(CSMA/CA) the owner of the channel should continue ownership and finish their transmission
and release the channel. Then, following ownership of the channel will be sooner for the new pair due to shorter slot
time. However, when long duration of existing collision sources and shorter slot time exist the owners might
experience subsequent collisions. When adjustment to longer slot time can’t improve performance then RTS/CTS
could supplement and help improve performance.
„
Extra Slot Time : Slot time is in the range of 1~255 and set in unit of microsecond. The default value is 9
microsecond.
When you enable Short Slot and set Extra Slot time to “10”, the actual Slot Time=9+10 us.
When you disable Short Slot and set Extra Slot time to “10”, the actual Slot Time=20+10 us.
㻞㻝㻟
„
ACK Timeout : ACK timeout is in the range of 1~255 and set in unit of microsecond. The default value is 32
microsecond.
All data transmission in 802.11b/g request an “Acknowledgement” (ACK) send by receiving radio. The transmitter will
resend the original packet if correspondent ACK failed to arrive within specific time interval, also refer to as “ACK
Timeout”.
ACK Timeout is adjustable due to the fact that distance between two radio links may vary in different deployment.
ACK Timeout makes significant influence in performance of long distance radio link. If ACK Timeout is set too short,
transmitter will start to “Resend” packet before ACK is received, and throughputs become low due to excessively high
re-transmission.
ACK Timeout is best determined by distance between the radios, data rate of average environment. The Timeout
value is calculated based on round-trip time of packet with a little tolerance, So, if experiencing re-transmissions or
poor performance the ACK Timeout could be made longer to accommodate.
Slot Time and ACK Timeout settings are for long distance links. It is important to tweak settings to achieve the
optimal result based on requirement.
„
Beacon Interval : Beacon Interval is in the range of 20~1024 and set in unit of millisecond. The default value is 100
msec.
Access Point (AP) in IEEE 802.11 will send out a special approximated 50-byte frame, called “Beacon”. Beacon is
broadcast to all the stations, provides the basic information of AP such as SSID, channel, encryption keys, signal
strength, time stamp, support data rate.
All the radio stations received beacon recognizes the existence of such AP, and may proceed next actions if the
information from AP matches the requirement. Beacon is sent on a periodic basis, the time interval can be adjusted.
By increasing the beacon interval, you can reduce the number of beacons and associated overhead, but that will
likely delay the association and roaming process because stations scanning for available access points may miss the
beacons. You can decrease the beacon interval, which increases the rate of beacons. This will make the association
and roaming process very responsive; however, the network will incur additional overhead and throughput will go
down.
„
DTIM Interval : The DTIM interval is in the range of 1~255. The default is 1.
DTIM is defined as Delivery Traffic Indication Message. It is used to notify the wireless stations, which support power
saving mode, when to wake up to receive multicast frame. DTIM is necessary and critical in wireless environment as
a mechanism to fulfill power-saving synchronization.
A DTIM interval is a count of the number of beacon frames that must occur before the access point sends the
buffered multicast frames. For instance, if DTIM Interval is set to 3, then the Wi-Fi clients will expect to receive a
multicast frame after receiving three Beacon frame. The higher DTIM interval will help power saving and possibly
decrease wireless throughput in multicast applications.
㻞㻝㻠
„
Fragment Threshold : The Fragment Threshold is in the range of 256~2346 byte. The default is 2346 byte.
Each Wi-Fi packet can be divided into smaller packets, marked with a sequential fragment number and re-assemble
in the receiving ends. The purpose is to make a short frame, instead of long frame, transmitting by radio in a heavy
noisy environment. Because of sending smaller frames, corruptions are much less likely to occur. The pros is
obvious, the cons is the overhead for transmission. So, in a clean environment, higher fragment threshold can be an
option to increase throughput.
Fragmentation will be triggered by setting the Fragment Threshold, usually in Byte-length. Only when the frame size
is over the Threshold, fragmentation will take place automatically.
„
RTS Threshold : TRTS Threshold is in the range of 1~2347 byte. The default is 2347 byte.
The main purpose of enabling RTS by changing RTS threshold is to reduce possible collisions due to hidden wireless
clients. RTS in AP will be enabled automatically if the packet size is larger than the Threshold value. By default, RTS
is disabled in a normal environment supports non-jumbo frames.
„
Short Preamble : By default, it’s “Enable”. To Disable is to use Long 128-bit Preamble Synchronization field.
The preamble is used to signal "here is a train of data coming" to the receiver. The short preamble provides 72-bit
Synchronization field to improve WLAN transmission efficiency with less overhead.
„
Tx Burst : By default, it’s “Enable”. To Disable is to deactivate Tx Burst.
With TX burst enabled, AP will send many packets in a burst, without collision detection and RTS/CTS for each packet. TX
Burst have better throughput but cause interference with other APs in channel.
„
Pkt_Aggregate : By default, it's “Enable”
Increase efficiency by aggregating multiple packets of application data into a single transmission frame. In this way,
802.11n networks can send multiple data packets with the fixed overhead cost of just a single frame.
„
IEEE802.11H (DFS) : By default, it's “Disable”. To Enable is to use IEEE802.11H(DFS)
With DFS(Dynamic Frequency Selection) enabled, radio is operating on one of the following channels, the wireless
device uses DFS to monitor the operating frequency and switch to another frequency or reduce power as necessary:
DFS Channels
52, 56, 60, 64, 100, 104, 108, 112, 116, 120, 124, 128, 136, 140
The maximum legal transmit power is greater for some 5 GHz channels than for others. When the wireless device
randomly selects a 5 GHz channel on which power is restricted, the wireless device automatically reduces transmit
power to comply with power limits for that channel in that regulatory domain.
The Channel 52-140 is DFS channel. If tuen on IEEE802.11H, AP Will have 60 sec to do
channel available check, and will not send beacon and can not be connect. When TEW676APBO detect radar(5GHz) signal, the AP will switch channel and stop beacon trasmit
between 15 sec.
„
WMM :
By default, it's “Disable”. To Enable is to use WMM and the WMM parameters should appears.
㻞㻝㻡
When you enable WMM, the “Tx Burst” will be Disabled automatically by system.
Î
WMM Parameters of Access Point : This affects traffic flowing from the access point to the client station
Queue
Data Transmitted
AP to Clients
AC_BK
Background.
AC_BE
AC_VI
Best Effort
Video
AC_VO
Voice
Priority
Description
High throughput. Bulk data that requires maximum throughput and is not timesensitive is sent to this queue (FTP data, for example).
Medium Medium throughput and delay. Most traditional IP data is sent to this queue
High
Minimum delay. Time-sensitive video data is automatically sent to this queue
Time-sensitive data like VoIP and streaming media are automatically sent to this
High
queue
Low
Configuring QoS options consists of setting parameters on existing queues for different types of wireless traffic.
You can configure different minimum and maximum wait times for the transmission of packets in each queue
based on the requirements of the media being sent. Queues automatically provide minimum transmission delay
for Voice, Video, multimedia, and mission critical applications, and rely on best-effort parameters for traditional IP
data.
As an Example, time-sensitive Voice & Video, and multimedia are given effectively higher priority for transmission
(lower wait times for channel access), while other applications and traditional IP data which are less timesensitive but often more data-intensive are expected to tolerate longer wait times.
㻞㻝㻢
9
Aifsn : The Arbitration Inter-Frame Spacing Number specifies a wait time (in milliseconds) for data frames
CWmin : Minimum Contention Window. This parameter is input to the algorithm that determines the initial
random backoff wait time ("window") for retry of a transmission. The value specified here in the Minimum
Contention Window is the upper limit (in milliseconds) of a range from which the initial random backoff wait
time is determined.
CWmax : Maximum Contention Window. The value specified here in the Maximum Contention Window is
the upper limit (in milliseconds) for the doubling of the random backoff value. This doubling continues until
either the data frame is sent or the Maximum Contention Window size is reached. Once the Maximum
Contention Window size is reached, retries will continue until a maximum number of retries allowed is
reached. Valid values for the "cwmax" are 1, 3, 7, 15, 31, 63, 127, 255, 511, or 1024. The value for "cwmax"
must be higher than the value for "cwmin".
Txop : Transmission Opportunity is an interval of time when a WME AP has the right to initiate
transmissions onto the wireless medium (WM). This value specifies (in milliseconds) the Transmission
Opportunity (TXOP) for AP; that is, the interval of time when the WMM AP has the right to initiate
transmissions on the wireless network.
ACM : Admission Control Mandatory, ACM only takes effect on AC_VI and AC_VO. When you do not click
Checkbox, it means that the ACM is controlled by the connecting AP. If you click Checkbox, it means that the
Client is in charge.
AckPolicy : Acknowledgment Policy, WMM defines two ACK policies: Normal ACK and No ACK. Click
“Checkbox” indicates “No ACK”
When the no acknowledgment (No ACK) policy is used, the recipient does not acknowledge received
packets during wireless packet exchange. This policy is suitable in the environment where communication
quality is fine and interference is weak. While the No ACK policy helps improve transmission efficiency, it
can cause increased packet loss when communication quality deteriorates. This is because when this policy
is used, a sender does not retransmit packets that have not been received by the recipient.
When the Normal ACK policy is used, the recipient acknowledges each received unicast packet.
Î
WMM Parameters of Station : This affects traffic flowing from the client station to the access point.
Queue
Data Transmitted
Clients to AP
AC_BK
Background.
AC_BE
AC_VI
Best Effort
Video
AC_VO
Voice
Priority
Description
High throughput. Bulk data that requires maximum throughput and is not timesensitive is sent to this queue (FTP data, for example).
Medium Medium throughput and delay. Most traditional IP data is sent to this queue
High
Minimum delay. Time-sensitive video data is automatically sent to this queue
Time-sensitive data like VoIP and streaming media are automatically sent to this
High
queue
Low
Aifsn : The Arbitration Inter-Frame Spacing Number specifies a wait time (in milliseconds) for data frames
CWmin : Minimum Contention Window. This parameter is input to the algorithm that determines the initial
random backoff wait time ("window") for retry of a transmission. The value specified here in the Minimum
Contention Window is the upper limit (in milliseconds) of a range from which the initial random backoff wait
time is determined.
㻞㻝㻣
9
CWmax : Maximum Contention Window. The value specified here in the Maximum Contention Window is
the upper limit (in milliseconds) for the doubling of the random backoff value. This doubling continues until
either the data frame is sent or the Maximum Contention Window size is reached. Once the Maximum
Contention Window size is reached, retries will continue until a maximum number of retries allowed is
reached. Valid values for the "cwmax" are 1, 3, 7, 15, 31, 63, 127, 255, 511, or 1024. The value for "cwmax"
must be higher than the value for "cwmin".
Txop : Transmission Opportunity is an interval of time when a WME AP has the right to initiate
transmissions onto the wireless medium (WM). This value specifies (in milliseconds) the Transmission
Opportunity (Txop) for AP; that is, the interval of time when the WMM AP has the right to initiate
transmissions on the wireless network.
ACM : Admission Control Mandatory, ACM only takes effect on AC_VI and AC_VO. When you do not click
Checkbox, it means that the ACM is controlled by the connecting AP. If you click Checkbox, it means that the
Client is in charge.
Click Save button to save your changes. Click Reboot button to activate your changes. The items in this page are for
AP's RF advanced settings and will be applied to all VAPs and WDS Links.
㻞㻝㻤
Create Virtual AP (VAP)
The TEW-676APBO support broadcasting multiple SSIDs, allowing the creation of Virtual Access Points, partitioning a
single physical access point into 7 logical access points, each of which can have a different set of security and network
settings. Figure 8-2 shows multiple SSIDs with security type settings.
WEP
NAT
WPA-PSK/TKIP
Internet
WPA2-PSK/AES
TEW-676APBO
WPA-Enterprise/TKIP
WAN
192.168.1.254
Figure 8-2
WAN
192.168.2.254
Multiple SSIDs with different Security Type
Virtual AP Overview
The administrator can view all of the Virtual AP's settings via this page.
Please click on Wireless -> Virtual AP Setup and the Virtual AP Overview Page appears.
„
VAP : Indicate the system's Virtual AP.
„
ESSID : Indicate the ESSID of the respective Virtual AP
„
MAC Address : The MAC address of the VAP Interface is displayed here. When you enable AP and reboot system,
the MAC address will display here.
„
Status : Indicate the Status of the respective Virtual AP. The Primary AP always on.
„
Security Type : Indicate an used security type of the respective Virtual AP.
„
MAC Filter : Indicate an used MAC filter of the respective Virtual AP.
„
Edit : Click Edit button to configure Virtual AP's settings, including security type and MAC Filter.
㻞㻝㻥
Virtual AP Setup
For each Virtual AP, administrators can configure SSID, SSID broadcasting, Maximum number of client associations,
security type settings.
Click Edit button on the Edit column, and then a Virtual AP setup page appears.
„
Enable AP :
By default, it’s “Disable” for VAP1 ~ VAP6. The Primary AP always enabled.
Select “Enable” to activate VAP or click “Disable” to deactivate this function
„
ESSID : Extended
Service Set ID, When clients are browsing for available wireless networks, this is the SSID that
will appear in the list. ESSID will determine the service type available to AP's clients associated with the specified
VAP.
„
Client Isolation : Select Enable, all clients will be isolated from each other, that means all clients can not reach to
other clients. Below Figures depict Client Isolation and AP Isolation
Cllent Isolation
VAP0
Internet
VAP1
TEW-676APBO
192.168.2.254
„
VAP2
AP Isolation
Hidden SSID : By default, it’s “Disable”.
Enable this option to stop the SSID broadcast in your network. When disabled, people could easily obtain the SSID
information with the site survey software and get access to the network if security is not turned on. When enabled,
network security is enhanced. It’s suggested to enable it after AP security settings are archived and setting of AP
clients could make to associate to it.
„
Maximum Clients : The default value is 32. You can enter the number of wireless clients that can associate to a
particular SSID. When the number of client is set to 5, only 5 clients at most are allowed to connect to this VAP.
㻞㻞㻜
In this mode, the system does not support VLAN Tag(ID) function.
„
Security Type : Select the desired security type from the drop-down list; the options are Disable, WEP, WPA-PSK,
WPA2-PSK, WPA-Enterprise, WPA2-Enterprise and WEP 802.1X.
„
Î
Disable : Data are unencrypted during transmission when this option is selected.
Î
WEP : Wired Equivalent Privacy(WEP) is a data encryption mechanism based on a 64-bit or 128-bit shared key.
Authentication Method : Enable the desire option among OPEN, SHARED or WEPAUTO.
Î
Key Index :
Key index is used to designate the WEP key during data transmission. 4 different WEP keys can
be entered at the same time, but only one is chosen.
Î
Î
WEP Key # : Enter HEX or ASCII format WEP key value; the system supports up to 4 sets of WEP keys.
Key Length
Hex
ASCII
64-bit
10 characters
5 characters
128-bit
26 characters
13 characters
WPA-PSK (or WPA2-PSK) : WPA (or WPA2) Algorithms, allows the system accessing the network by using the
WPA-PSK protected access.
Cipher Suite : By default, it is AES. Select either AES or TKIP cipher suites
Pre-shared Key : Enter the pre-shared key; the format shall go with the selected key type.
Pre-shared key can be entered with either a 256-bit secret in 64 HEX digits format, or 8 to 63 ASCII characters.
Group Key Update Period : By default, it is 3600 seconds. This time interval for rekeying GTK,
broadcast/multicast encryption keys, in seconds. Entering the time-length is required.
㻞㻞㻝
Î
WPA-Enterprise (or WPA2-Enterprise): The RADIUS authentication and encryption will be both enabled if this
is selected.
WPA General Settings :
Cipher Suite : By default, it is AES. Select either AES or TKIP cipher suites
Group Key Update Period : By default, it’s 3600 seconds. This time interval for rekeying GTK,
broadcast/multicast encryption keys, in seconds. Entering the time-length is required.
PMK Cache Period :
By default, it's 10 minutes. Set WPA2 PMKID cache timeout period, after time
out, the cached key will be deleted.
Pre-Authentication : By default, it's “Disable”. To Enable is use to speed up roaming before preauthenticating IEEE 802.1X/EAP part of the full RSN authentication and key handshake before actually
associating with a new AP.
PMK Cache Period and Pre-Authentication is used in WPA2-Enterprise
Radius Server Settings :
IP Address : Enter the IP address of the Authentication RADIUS server.
Port : By default, it’s 1812. The port number used to communicate with RADIUS server.
Shared secret : A secret key used between system and RADIUS server. Supports 8 to 64 characters.
Session Timeout :
The Session timeout is in the range of 0~60 seconds. The default is 0 to
re-authenticate service.
Amount of time before a client will be required to re-authenticate.
㻞㻞㻞
disable
Î
WEP 802.1X : When WEP 802.1x Authentication is enabled, please refer to the following Dynamic WEP and
RADIUS settings to complete configuration.
Radius Server Settings :
IP Address : Enter the IP address of the Authentication RADIUS server.
Port : By default, it’s 1812. The port number used to communicate with RADIUS server.
Shared secret : A secret key used between system and RADIUS server. Supports 8 to 64 characters.
Session Timeout :
The Session timeout is in the range of 0~60 seconds. The default is 0 to
re-authenticate service.
Amount of time before a client will be required to re-authenticate.
Click Save button to save your changes. Click Reboot button to activate your changes
㻞㻞㻟
disable
Wireless MAC Filter Setup
Continue Virtual AP Setup section. For each Virtual AP setting, the administrator can allow or reject clients to access
each Virtual AP.
„
MAC Filter Setup : By default, it’s “Disable”. Options are Disable, Only Deny List MAC or Only Allow List MAC.
Two ways to set MAC filter rules :
Î
Only Allow List MAC.
The wireless clients in the “Enable” list will be allowed to access the Access Point; All others or clients in the
“Disable” list will be denied.
Î
Only Deny List MAC.
The wireless clients in the “Enable” list will be denied to access the Access Point; All others or clients
in the
“Disable” list will be allowed.
„
Add a station MAC : Enter MAC address (e.g. aa:bb:cc:00:00:0a) and click “Add” button, then the MAC address
should display in the “Enable” List.
There are a maximum of 20 clients allowed in this “Enable” List. The MAC addresses of the wireless clients can be added
and removed to the list using the Add and Remove buttons.
Click Reboot button to activate your changes
MAC Access Control is the weakest security approach. WPA and WPA2 security method is highly
recommended.
㻞㻞㻠
Wireless Network Expansion
The administrator could create WDS Links to expand wireless network. When WDS is enabled, access point functions as
a wireless bridge and is able to communicate with other access points via WDS links. A WDS link is bidirectional and
both side must support WDS. Access points know each other by MAC Address. In other words, each access
point needs to include MAC address of its peer. Ensure all access points are configured with the same channel
and own same security type settings.
Remote Bass Station
WDS
192.168.2.x
SSID: Main_AP
Internet
TEW-676APBO
192.168.2.10
WAN
192.168.1.254
WLAN
192.168.2.254
Please click on Wireless -> WDS Setup and follow the below setting.
„
Security Type : Option is “Disable”, “WEP”, “TKIP”or “AES” from drop-down list. Needs the same type to build WDS
links. Security type takes effect when WDS is enabled.
Î WEP Key : Enter 5 / 13 ASCII or 10 / 26 HEX format WEP key.
Î TKIP Key : Enter 8 to 63 ASCII or 64 HEX format TKIP key.
Î AES Key : Enter 8 to 63 ASCII or 64 HEX format AES key.
„
WDS MAC List
Î
Enable : Click Enable to create WDS link.
Î
WDS Peer's MAC Address : Enter the MAC address of WDS peer.
Î
Description : Description of WDS link.
The WDS link needs to be set at same Channel and with same Security Type.
Click Save button to save your changes. Click Reboot button to activate your changes
㻞㻞㻡
System Management
Configure Management
Administrator could specify geographical location of the system via instructions in this page. Administrator could also
enter new Root and Admin passwords and allow multiple login methods.
Please click System -> Management and follow the below settings.
TEW-676APBO
„
System Information
Î
System Name : Enter a desired name or use the default one.
Î
Description : Provide description of the system.
Î
Location : Enter geographical location information of the system. It helps administrator to locate the system
easier.
The system supports two management accounts, root and admin. The network manager is assigned with full
administrative privileges, when logging in as root user, to manage the system in all aspects. While logging in as an
admin user, only subset of privileges is granted such as basic maintenance. For example, root user can change
passwords for both root and admin account, and admin user can only manage its own. For more information about
covered privileges for these two accounts, please refer to Appendix D. Network manager Privileges.
„
„
„
Root Password : Log in as a root user and is allowed to change its own, plus admin user’s password.
Î
New Password : Enter a new password if desired
Î
Check New Password : Enter the same new password again to check.
Admin Password : Log in as a admin user and is allowed to change its own,
Î
New Password : Enter a new password if desired
Î
Check New Password : Enter the same new password again to check.
Admin Login Methods : Only root user can enable or disable system login methods and change services port.
㻞㻞㻢
Î
Enable HTTP : Check to select HTTP Service.
Î
HTTP Port : The default is 80 and the range is between 1 ~ 65535.
Î
Enable HTTPS : Check to select HTTPS Service
Î
HTTPS Port : The default is 443 and the range is between 1 ~ 65535.
If you already have an SSL Certificate, please click “UploadKey” button to select the file and upload it.
Î
Enable Telnet : Check to select Telnet Service
Î
Telnet Port : The default is 23 and the range is between 1 ~ 65535.
Î
Enable SSH : Check to select SSH Service
Î
SSH Port : Please The default is 22 and the range is between 1 ~ 65535.
Click “GenerateKey” button to generate RSA private key. The “host key footprint” gray blank will display
content of RSA key.
„
Ping Watchdog : The ping watchdog sets the WCB1200H2PX Device to continuously ping a user defined IP
address (it can be the internet gateway for example). If it is unable to ping under the user defined constraints, the
WCB1200H2PX device will automatically reboot. This option creates a kind of "fail-proof" mechanism.
Ping Watchdog is dedicated for continuous monitoring of the particular connection to remote host using the Ping tool.
The Ping works by sending ICMP “echo request” packets to the target host and listening for ICMP “echo response”
replies. If the defined number of replies is not received, the tool reboots the device.
Î
Enable Ping Watchdog : control will enable Ping Watchdog Tool.
Î
IP Address To Ping : specify an IP address of the target host which will be monitored by Ping Watchdog Tool.
Î
Ping Interval : specify time interval (in seconds) between the ICMP “echo requests” are sent by the Ping
Watchdog Tool. Default is 300 seconds.
Î
Startup Delay : specify initial time delay (in seconds) until first ICMP “echo requests” are sent by the Ping
Watchdog Tool. The value of Startup Delay should be at least 60 seconds as the network interface and wireless
connection initialization takes considerable amount of time if the device is rebooted. Default is 300 seconds.
Î
Failure Count To Reboot : specify the number of ICMP “echo response” replies. If the specified number of
ICMP “echo response” packets is not received continuously, the Ping Watchdog Tool will reboot the device.
㻞㻞㻣
Click Save button to save your changes. Click Reboot button to activate your changes
Without a valid certificate, users may encounter the following problem in IE7 when they try to access system's WMI
(https://192.168.2.254). There will be a “Certificate Error”, because the browser treats system as an illegal website.
Click “Continue to this website” to access the system's WMI. The system's Overview page will appear.
㻞㻞㻤
Configure System Time
System time can be configured via this page, and manual setting or via a NTP server is supported.
Please click on System -> Time Server and follow the below setting.
„
Local Time : Display the current system time.
„
NTP Client : To synchronize the system time with NTP server.
Î
Enable : Check to select NTP client.
Î
Default NTP Server : Select the NTP Server from the drop-down list.
Î
Time Zone : Select a desired time zone from the drop-down list.
Î
Daylight saving time : Enable or disable Daylight saving.
If the system time from NTP server seems incorrect, please verify your network settings, like default Gateway
and DNS settings
Click Save button to save your changes. Click Reboot button to activate your changes
㻞㻞㻥
Configure UPnP
Universal Plug and Play(UPnP) is an architecture to enable pervasive peer-to-peer network connectivity between PCs,
intelligent devices and appliances when UPnP is supported. UPnP works on TCP/IP network to enable UPnP devices to
connect and access to each other, very well adopted in home networking environment.
„
UPnP : By default, it’s “Disable”. Select “Enable” or “Disable” of UPnP Service.
Click Save button to save changes and click Reboot button to activate changes
For UPnP to work in Windows XP, the “TEW-676APBO” must be available in “My Network Places”, as shown here: (your
specific model may vary)
TEW-675APBO/TEW-676APBO
If these devices are not available, you should verify that the correct components and services are loaded in Windows XP.
Please refer to Appendix E. Using UPnP on Windows XP
㻞㻟㻜
Configure SNMP Setup
SNMP is an application-layer protocol that provides a message format for communication between SNMP managers and
agents. By enabling SNMP function, the administrator can obtain the system information remotely.
Please click on System -> SNMP Setup and follow the below setting.
„
„
SNMP v2c Enable: Check to enable SNMP v2c.
Î
ro community : Set a community string to authorize read-only access.
Î
rw community : Set a community string to authorize read/write access.
SNMP v3 Enable:
Check to enable SNMP v3.
SNMPv3 supports the highest level SNMP security.
„
Î
SNMP ro user : Set a community string to authorize read-only access.
Î
SNMP ro password : Set a password to authorize read-only access.
Î
SNMP rw user : Set a community string to authorize read/write access.
Î
SNMP rw password : Set a password to authorize read/write access.
SNMP Trap : Events such as cold start, interface up & down, and association & disassociation will report to an
assigned server.
㻞㻟㻝
Î
Community : Set a community string required by the remote host computer that will receive trap messages or
notices send by the system.
Î
IP : Enter the IP addresses of the remote hosts to receive trap messages.
Click Save button to save changes and click Reboot button to activate.
㻞㻟㻞
Backup / Restore and Reset to Factory
Backup current configuration, restore prior configuration or reset back to factory default configuration can be executed via
this page.
Please click on Utilities -> Profile Setting and follow the below setting.
„
Save Settings to PC : Click Save button to save the current configuration to a local disk.
„
Load Settings from PC : Click Browse button to locate a configuration file to restore, and then click Upload button
to upload.
„
Reset To Factory Default : Click Default button to reset back to the factory default settings and expect Successful
loading message. Then, click Reboot button to activate.
㻞㻟㻟
Firmware Upgrade
Firmware is the main software image that system needs to respond to requests and to manage real time operations.
Firmware upgrades are sometimes required to include new features or bugs fix. It takes around 2 minutes to upgrade
due to complexity of firmware. To upgrade system firmware, click Browse button to locate the new firmware, and then
click Upgrade button to upgrade.
1. To prevent data loss during firmware upgrade, please back up current settings before proceeding.
2. Do not interrupt during firmware upgrade including power on/off as this may damage system.
3. Never perform firmware upgrade over wireless connection or via remote access connection.
㻞㻟㻠
Network Utility
The administrator can diagnose network connectivity via the PING and TRACEROUTE utility.
Please click on Utilities -> Network Utility and follow the below setting
„
Ping : This utility will help ping other devices on the network to verify connectivity. Ping utility, using ICMP packets,
detects connectivity and latency between two network nodes. As result of that, packet loss and latency time are
available in the Result field while running the PING test.
Î
Destination IP/Domain : Enter desired domain name, i.e. www.google.com, or IP address of the destination,
and click ping button to proceed. The ping result will be shown in the Result field.
Î
„
Count : By default, it’s 5 and the range is from 1 to 50. It indicates number of connectivity test.
Traceroute : Allows tracing the hops from the TEW-676APBO device to a selected outgoing IP
address. It should be used for the finding the route taken by ICMP packets across the network to the destination host.
The test is started using the Start button, click Stop button to stopped test
Î
Destination Host : Specifies the Destination Host for the finding the route taken by ICMP packets across the
network.
Î
MAX Hop : Specifies the maximum number of hops( max time-to-live value) traceroute will probe.
㻞㻟㻡
Reboot
This function allows user to restart system with existing or most current settings when changes are made. Click Reboot
button to proceed and take around three minutes to complete.
A reminder will be available for remaining time to complete. If power cycle is necessary, please wait till completion of the
reboot process.
The System Overview page appears upon the completion of reboot.
Access Control List
IP Filter Setup
Allows to create deny or allow rules to filter ingress or egress packets from specific source and/or to destination IP
address on wired (LAN) or Wireless (WAN) ports.
Filter rules could be used to filter unicast or multicast packets on
different protocols as shown in the IP Filter Setup. Important to note that IP filter rules has precedence over Virtual server
rules.
Please click on Advance -> IP Filter Setup and follow the below setting.
„
Source Address/Mask : Enter desired source IP address and netmask; i.e. 192.168.2.10/32.
㻞㻟㻢
„
Source Port : Enter a port or a range of ports as start:end; i.e. port 20:80
„
Destination Address/Mask : Enter desired destination IP address and netmask; i.e. 192.168.1.10/32
„
Destination Port : Enter a port or a range of ports as start:end; i.e. port 20:80
„
In/Out : Applies to Ingress or egress packets
„
Protocol : Supports TCP, UDP or ICMP.
„
Listen : Click Yes radial button to match TCP packets only with the SYN flag.
„
Active : Deny to drop and Pass to allow per filter rules
„
Interface : The interface that a filter rule applies
All packets are allowed by default. Deny rules could be added to the filter list to filter out unwanted packets and
leave remaining allowed.
Click “Save” button to add IP filter rule. Total of 20 rules maximum allowed in the IP Filter List. All rules can be edited or
removed from the List. Click Reboot button to activate your changes.
When you create rules in the IP Filter List, the prior rules maintain higher priority. To allow limited access from a subnet to
a destination network manager needs to create allow rules first and followed by deny rules. So, if you just want one IP
address to access the system via telnet from your subnet, not others, the Example 1 demonstrates it, not rules in the
Example 2.
Î
Example 1 : Create a higher priority rule to allow IP address 192.168.2.2 Telnet access from LAN port first, and
deny Telnet access from remaining IP addresses in the same subnet.
Source
Destination
Rule
IP/Mask
Î
Port
IP/Mask
Port
In/Out
Protocol
Listen
Action
Side
192.168.2.2/32
192.168.2.254/32
22
In
TCP
Pass
LAN
192.168.2.0/24
192.168.2.254/32
22
In
TCP
Deny
LAN
Example 2 : All Telnet access to the system from the IP addresses of subnet 192.168.2.x works with the rule 1
of Example 2. The rule 2 won’t make any difference.
Source
Destination
Rule
IP/Mask
Port
IP/Mask
Port
In/Out
Protocol
Listen
Action
Side
192.168.2.0/24
192.168.2.254/32
22
In
TCP
Deny
LAN
192.168.2.2/32
192.168.2.254/32
22
In
TCP
pass
LAN
㻞㻟㻣
MAC Filter Setup
Allows to create MAC filter rules to allow or deny unicast or multicast packets from limited number of MAC addresses.
Important to note that MAC filter rules have precedence over IP Filter rules.
Please click on Advance -> MAC Filter Setup and follow the below setting.
„
MAC Filter Rule : By default, it’s “Disable”. Options are Disabled, Only Deny List MAC or Only Allow List MAC.
Click Save button to save your change.
Two ways to set the MAC Filter List:
Î
Only Allow List MAC.
The wireless clients in the MAC Filter List will be allowed to access to Access Point; All others will be denied.
Î
Only Deny List MAC.
The wireless clients in the MAC Filter List will be denied to access to Access Point; All others will be allowed.
„
MAC Address : Enter MAC address (e.g. aa:bb:cc:00:00:0a) and click “Add” button, then the MAC address should
display in the MAC Filter List.
There are a maximum of 20 clients allowed in this MAC Filter List. The MAC addresses of the wireless clients can be
added and removed to the list using the Add and Delete buttons.
Click Reboot button to activate your changes
㻞㻟㻤
Parental Control Setup
Parental Control allows you to block or allow specific kinds of Internet usage and traffic, such as Internet access,
designated services, and websites.
Remote Bass
Station
WDS
NAT
192.168.2.x
Facebook
SSID: Main_AP
Internet
TEW-676APBO
WAN
192.168.1.254
MSN
WLAN
192.168.2.254
192.168.2.x
Please click on Advance -> Parental Control and follow the below setting.
„
Rules : control can be managed by a rule. Use the settings on this screen to establish an access policy.
Î
Comment : Enter a descriptive name for this rule for identifying purposes.
Î
MAC Address : Enter MAC address in valid MAC address format(xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx) and click “Add” button to
add in the MAC group of each rule. Click “Remove” button can remove MAC address in the group of each rule.
There are 10 MAC address
Î
maximum allowed in each rule.
Local / Destination IP : Specify local(LAN)/ destination IP addresses range required for this rule. If you specify
local IP addresses range from 192.168.1.1 to 192.168.2.254. The matches a range of local
IP addresses
include every single IP address from the first to the last, so the example above includes everything from
192.168.1.1 to 192.168.2.254.
㻞㻟㻥
Î
Protocol : Select Any or specify protocol(TCP, UDP, ICMP, URL Blocking and Application) from drop-down
list. When you select ICMP or Layer 7 Application , the Local(LAN)/ Destination Port can not used.
If you want to block websites with specific URL address or using specific keywords, enter each URL or keyworks
in the “URL Blocking” field and
click “Add” button to add in the URL Blocking list of
each rule. Click
“Remove” button can remove URL or keywords.
Î
Local Port : Specify local port(LAN port) range required for this rule
Î
Destination Port : Specify destination port range required for this rule
Î
Active : Check Enable button to activate this rule, and Disable to deactivate.
Click “Add” button to add control rule to List. There are 10 rules maximum allowed in this Control List. All rules can be
removed or edited on the List. Click Reboot button to activate your changes.
㻞㻠㻜
QoS Setup
Quality of Service (QoS) refers to both a network's ability to deliver data with minimum delay,
and the networking
methods used to control the use of bandwidth. Without QoS, all traffic data is equally likely to be dropped when the
network is congested. This can cause a reduction in network performance and make the network inadequate for timecritical application such as video-on-demand.
A classifier groups traffic into data flows according to specific criteria such as the source
source port number, destination port number or incoming port
address, destination address,
number. For example, you can configure a classifier to
select traffic from the same protocol port (such as FTP) to form a flow.
Shaping
192.168.2.50
MAC-00:0B:6B:AA:BB:01
Download: 1024K
Upload: 256K
192.168.2.51
MAC-00:0B:6B:AA:BB:02
Download: 512K
Upload: 256K
TEW-676APBO
WAN
192.168.1.254
Download: 2048K
Upload: 1024K
LAN
192.168.2.254
NAT
192.168.2.x
Remote Bass
Station
Down: 1024Kbps
Up: 512Kbps
WDS
192.168.2.x
SSID: Main_AP
Internet
Down: 2048Kbps
Up: 1024Kbps
TEW-676APBO
WAN
192.168.1.254
NAT
WLAN
192.168.2.254
Please click on Advance -> QoS and follow the below setting.
㻞㻠㻝
192.168.2.x
„
Rules : Use the rules to define the classifiers. After you define the rules, you can specify action to act upon the traffic
that matches the rules
Î
Comment : Enter a descriptive name for this rule for identifying purposes.
Î
MAC Address : Enter MAC address in valid MAC address format(xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx) and click “Add” button to
add in the MAC group of each rule. Click “Remove” button can remove MAC address in the group of each rule.
There are 10 MAC address
Î
maximum allowed in each rule.
Local / Destination IP : Specify local(LAN)/ destination IP addresses range required for this rule. If you specify
local IP addresses range from 192.168.1.1 to 192.168.2.254. The matches a range of local
IP addresses
include every single IP address from the first to the last, so the example above includes everything from
192.168.1.1 to 192.168.2.254.
Î
DSCP Class : Differentiated services code point, DSCP. Select Any or specify classify traffic from drop-down list.
The Per-Hop Behavior (PHB) is indicated by encoding a 6-bit value—called the Differentiated
Services Code
Point (DSCP)—into the 8-bit Differentiated Services (DS) field of the IP packet header. Below depicts class for
DSCP.
BE : Default PHB, which is typically best-effort traffic
EF : Expedited Forwarding PHB, dedicated to low-loss, low-latency traffic
AF : Assured Forwarding PHB, which gives assurance of delivery under conditions. The AF behavior group
defines four separate AF classes. Within each class, packets are given a drop precedence (high, medium or
low). The combination of classes and drop precedence yields twelve separate DSCP encodings from AF11
through AF43 (see table)
㻞㻠㻞
DROP Precedence
Î
Class 1
Class 2
Class 3
Class 4
Low Drop
AF11
AF21
AF31
AF41
Medium Drop
AF12
AF22
AF32
AF42
High Drop
AF13
AF23
AF33
AF43
Protocol : Select Any or specify protocol from drop-down list. When you select ICMP or Layer 7 Application ,
the Source/ Destination Port can not used.
„
Î
Local Port : Specify local port(LAN port) range required for this rule
Î
Destination Port : Specify destination port range required for this rule
Action : After configuring rule, a policy rule ensures that a traffic flow gets the requested treatment in the network.
Î
Remark DSCP : Specify a new DSCP class, if you want to replace or remark the DSCP
Î
Bandwidth : Click “Enable” to activate function, and click “Disable” to deactivate function
Î
Upload / Download : Specify the bandwidth in kilobit per second (Kbps). Enter a number between 8 to 8192,
default upload is 128 Kbps, download is 1024 Kbps.
Click “Add” button to add QoS rule to List. There are 10 rules maximum allowed in this QoS List. All rules can be removed
or edited on the List. Click Reboot button to activate your changes.
When you create rules on the QoS List, the previous rules have higher priority. . Below depict the examples for explaining
priority of QoS setup.
¾
Example 1 : On this setting, the FTP has 1024 Kbps upload and 8196 Kbps download on 192.168.2.10. The
remaining IP address and other remaining protocol of IP address 192.168.2.10 only can use total bandwidth 512
Kbps bandwidth. Because rule 1's
Rule
Source IP
192.168.2.10
priority is higher than rule 2
Destination IP
¾
DSCP
Protocol
Remark DSCP
Bandwidth (Up/Down)
ANY
FTP
NO
1024/8196
ANY
ANY
NO
512/512
Example 2 : On this setting, the FTP has 512 Kbps upload and 512 Kbps download on 192.168.2.10 Because
rule 1's
Rule
priority is higher than rule 2
Source IP
192.168.2.10
Destination IP
DSCP
Protocol
Remark DSCP
Bandwidth (Up/Down)
ANY
ANY
NO
512/512
ANY
FTP
NO
1024/8196
㻞㻠㻟
Resource Sharing
DMZ
DMZ is commonly work with the NAT functionality as an alternative of Virtual Server(Port Forwarding) while wanting all
ports of DMZ host visible to Internet users. Virtual Server rules have precedence over the DMZ rule. In order to use a
range of ports available to access to different internal hosts Virtual Server rules are needed.
Remote Bass Station
WDS
192.168.2.x
SSID: Main_AP
192.168.2.11
Internet
DMZ
TEW-676APBO
WAN
192.168.1.254
NAT
WLAN
192.168.2.254
192.168.2.10
Please click on Advance -> DMZ and follow the below setting.
„
DMZ : By default, it’s “Disable”. Check Enable radial button to enable DMZ.
„
IP Address : Enter IP address of DMZ host and only one DMZ host is supported.
Click Save button to save your changes. Click Reboot button to activate your changes.
㻞㻠㻠
Virtual Server (Port Forwarding)
“Virtual Server” can also referred to as “Port Forward” as well and used interchangeably. Resources in the network can be
exposed to the Internet users in a controlled manner including on-line gaming, video conferencing or others via Virtual
Server setup. Don’t repeat ports’ usage to avoid confusion.
Suppose you want to assign ports 21-25 to one FTP, Telnet and SMTP server (A in the
example), and port 80 to another
(B in the example). You assign the LAN IP addresses and the ISP assigns the WAN IP address. The NAT network
appears as a single host on the Internet.
Remote Bass Station
WDS
192.168.2.x
SSID: Main_AP
192.168.2.11
Port: 80
Internet
TEW-676APBO
WAN
192.168.1.254
WLAN
192.168.2.254
192.168.2.10
Port: 21-25
NAT
Please click on Advance -> Virtual Server and follow the below setting.
„
Virtual Server : By Default, It’s “Disable”. Check Enable radial button to enable Virtual Server.
„
Description : Enter appropriate message for resource sharing via Virtual Server.
„
Private IP : Enter corresponding IP address of internal resource to share.
„
Protocol Type : Select appropriate sessions, TCP or UDP, from shared host via multiple private ports.
„
Private Port : A port or a range of ports may be specified as start:end; i.e.
„
Public Port : A port or a range of ports may be specified as start:end; i.e. port 20:80
port 20:80
The Private Port and Public Port can be different. However, total number of ports need to be the same.
Example : Public Port is 11 to 20 and the Private Port can be a 10 ports range.
㻞㻠㻡
Click “Add” button to add Virtual Server rule to List. Total of maximum 20 rules are allowed in this List. All rules can be
edited or removed from the List. Click Reboot button to activate your changes.
While creating multiple Virtual Server rules, the prior rules have higher priority. The Virtual server rules have precedence
over the DMZ one while both rules exist. Example 1 and 2 demonstrate proper usage of DMZ and Virtual Server rules.
„
Example 1 : All connections should be redirected to 192.168.2.12 while DMZ is enabled. Since Virtual Server rules
have precedence over the DMZ rule all connections to TCP port 22 will be directed to TCP port 22 of 192.168.2.10
and remaining connections to port
TCP 20~80 will be redirected to port TCP 20~80 of 192.168.2.11
DMZ Enabled : 192.168.2.12
„
Rule
Protocol
Private IP
Private Port
Public Port
TCP
192.168.2.10
22
22
TCP
192.168.2.11
20:80
20:80
Example 2 : All connections should be redirected to 192.168.2.12 while DMZ is enabled. Since Virtual Server rules
have precedence over the DMZ rule all other connections to TCP port 20~80 will be redirected to port 20~80 of
192.168.2.11. The rule 2 won’t take effect.
DMZ Enabled : 192.168.2.12
Rule
Protocol
Private IP
Private Port
Public Port
TCP
192.168.2.11
20:80
20:80
TCP
192.168.2.10
22
22
System Status
This section breaks down into subsections of System Overview, Associated Clients Status, WDS Link Status, Extra
Information and Event Log.
Overview
Detailed information on System, WAN Information, LAN Information, Wireless Information and DHCP Server Status
can be reviewed via this page.
„
System : Display the information of the system.
/TEW-676APBO
㻞㻠㻢
„
Î
System Name : The name of the system.
Î
Operating Mode : The mode currently in service.
Î
Location : The reminding note on the geographical location of the system.
Î
Description : The reminding note of the system.
Î
Firmware Version : The current firmware version installed.
Î
Firmware Date : The build time of the firmware installed.
Î
Device Time : The current time of the system.
Î
System Up Time : The time period that system has been in service since last reboot.
WAN Information : Display the information of the WAN interface.
The WAN port specified Dynamic IP, the Release and Renew button will be show-up, click Release button to
release IP address of WAN port, Renew button to renew IP address through DHCP server.
㻞㻠㻣
The WAN port specified PPPoE or PPTP, and the Connect and DisConnect button will be show up. Click “Connect”
button to assigned IP address from PPPoE or PPTP server, “DisConnect” button to release IP address of WAN port.
„
Î
Mode : Supports Static, Dynamic, PPPoE and PPTP modes.
Î
Reconnect Mode : The current reconnect mode of the PPPoE or PPTP.
Î
MAC Address : The MAC address of the WAN port.
Î
IP Address : The IP address of the WAN port.
Î
IP Netmask : The IP netmask of the WAN port.
Î
IP Gateway : The gateway IP address of the WAN port.
Î
Primary DNS : The primary DNS server in service.
Î
Secondary DNS : The secondary DNS server in service.
Î
Receive bytes : The total received packets in bytes on the WAN port.
Î
Receive packets : The total received packets of the WAN port.
Î
Transmit bytes : The total transmitted packets in bytes of the WAN port.
Î
Transmit packets : The total transmitted packets of the WAN port.
LAN Information : Display total received and transmitted statistics on the LAN interface.
Î
MAC Address : The MAC address of the LAN port.
Î
IP Address : The IP address of the LAN port.
Î
IP Netmask : The IP netmask of the LAN port.
Î
Receive bytes : The total received packets in bytes on the LAN port.
Î
Receive packets : The total received packets of the LAN port.
Î
Transmit bytes : The total transmitted packets in bytes of the LAN port.
Î
Transmit packets : The total transmitted packets of the LAN port.
㻞㻠㻤
„
„
Wireless Information : Display the detailed receive and transmit statistics of Wireless interface.
Î
MAC Address : The MAC address of the Wireless Port.
Î
Channel : The current channel on the Wireless port.
Î
Rate : The current Bit Rate on the Wireless port.
Î
Receive bytes :The total received packets in bytes on the Wireless port.
Î
Receive packets : The total received packets on the Wireless port.
Î
Transmit bytes : The total transmitted packets in bytes on the Wireless port.
Î
Transmit packets : The total transmitted packets on the Wireless port.
DHCP Server Status : Users could retrieve DHCP server and DHCP clients’ IP/MAC address via this field.
Î
IP Address : IP addresses to LAN devices by DHCP server.
Î
MAC Address : MAC addresses of LAN devices.
Î
Expired In : Shows how long the leased IP address will expire.
Associated Clients
It displays ESSID, on/off Status, Security Type, total number of wireless clients associated with all Virtual AP.
㻞㻠㻥
„
„
VAP Information : Highlights key VAP information.
Î
VAP : Available VAP from Primary AP to VAP6.
Î
ESSID : Display name of ESSID for each VAP.
Î
MAC Address : Display MAC address for each VAP.
Î
Status : On/Off
Î
Security Type : Display chosen security type; WEP, WPA/WPA2-PSK, WPA/WPA2-Enterprise.
Î
Clients : Display total number of wireless connections for each VAP.
VAP Clients : Display all associated clients on each Virtual AP.
Î
MAC Address : MAC address of associated clients
Î
Signal Strength ANT0/ANT1 : Signal Strength of from associated clients.
Î
Bandwidth : Channel bandwidth of from associated clients
Î
Idle Time : Last inactive time period in seconds for a wireless connection.
Î
Connect Time : Total connection time period in seconds for a wireless connection.
Î
Disconnect : Click “Delete” button to manually disconnect a wireless client in a Virtual AP.
Show WDS Link
Peers MAC Address, antenna 0/1 received signal strength, phy mode and channel bandwidth for each WDS are
available.
„
MAC Address : Display MAC address of WDS peer.
„
Signal Strength ANT0/ANT1 : Indicate the signal strength of the respective WDS links.
„
Phy Mode : Indicate the phy mode
of the respective WDS linked.
㻞㻡㻜
„
BandWidth : Indicate the channel bandwidth of the respective WDS linked.
„
MCS : Indicate the MCS of the respective WDS linked.
„
SGI : Indicate the SGI (Short Guard Interval) of the respective WDS linked. “1” indicate the Short Guard Interval, “0”
indicate the Long Guard Interval.
If display “no signal” Signal Strength ANT0/ANT1, you need check WDS configuration. Things to verify are
MAC Address, Channel and Security type. Also, adjust antenna angle and Tx Power.
Extra Info
Users could pull out information such as Route table, ARP table, MAC table, Bridge table or STP available in the dropdown list from system. The “Refresh” button is used to retrieve latest table information.
„
Netstat Information :
Select “NetStatus Information” on the drop-down list, the connection track list
should
show-up, the list can be updated using the Refresh button.
NetStatus will show all connection track on the system, the information include Protocol, Live Time, Status ,
Source/Destination IP address and Port.
„
Route table information :
Select “Route table information” on the drop-down list to display route table.
TEW-676APBO could be used as a L2 or L3 device. It doesn’t support dynamic routing protocols such as RIP or
OSPF. Static routes to specific hosts, networks or default gateway are set up automatically according to the IP
configuration of system's interfaces. When used as a L2 device, it could switch packets and, as L3 device, it’s
capable of being a gateway to route packets inward and outward.
„
ARP table Information :
Select “ARP Table Information” on the drop-down list to display ARP table.
ARP associates each IP address to a unique hardware address (MAC) of a device. It is important to have a unique IP
address as final destination to switch packets to.
㻞㻡㻝
„
Bridge table information :
Select “Bridge Table information” on the drop-down list to display bridge table.
Bridge table will show Bridge ID and STP's Status on the each Ethernet bridge and its attached interfaces, the Bridge
Port should be attached to some interfaces e.g. ra0 ~ra6 and wds0~wds3).
„
information :
Bridge MAC
Select “Bridge MACs Information” on the drop-down list to display MAC table.
This table displays local MAC addresses associated with wired or wireless interfaces, but also remember non-local
MAC addresses learned from wired or wireless interfaces.
Ageing timers will be reset when existing MAC addresses in table are learned again or added when new MAC
addresses are seen from wired or wireless interfaces as well. When time runs out for a particular entry, it will be
pruned from the table. In that situation, switching packet to that particular MAC address will be discontinued.
„
Bridge STP Information :
Select “Bridge STP Information” on the drop-down list to display a list of bridge STP
information.
㻞㻡㻞
QoS Plot
The QoS Plot show graphs which continuously represents the current data traffic on each QoS rule. The chart scale and
throughput dimension (bps, Kbps, Mbps) changes dynamically according to the mean throughput value. The statistics is
updated automatically every 5 seconds. The throughput statistics of QoS can be updated manually using the Refresh
button.
Event Log
The Event log displays system events when system is up and running. Also, it becomes very useful as a troubleshooting
tool when issues are experienced in system.
„
Time : The date and time when the event occurred.
„
Facility : It helps users to identify source of events such “System” or “User”
„
Severity : Severity level that a specific event is associated such as “info”, “error”, “warning”, etc.
„
Message : Description of the event.
Click Refresh button to renew the log, or click Clear button to clear all the record.
㻞㻡㻟
Appendix
Windows TCP/IP Settings
„
Windows XP
1. Click Start -> Settings -> Control Panel, and then “Control Panel” window appears. Click on “Network
Connections”, and then “Network Connections” window appears.
2. Click right
on “Local
Area
Connection
”, and select
Properties.
㻞㻡㻠
3. In “Local Area Connection Properties” window, select “Internet Protocol (TCP/IP)” and click on Properties
button.
4. Select “Use the following
IP address”, and type in
IP address :
192.168.2.100
Subnet mask :
255.255.255.0
㻞㻡㻡
WEB GUI Valid Characters
Table B
WEB GUI Valid Characters
Block
Field
Valid
LAN
IP Address
IP Format; 1-254
IP Netmask
128.0.0.0 ~ 255.255.255.252
IP Gateway
IP Format; 1-254
Primary DNS
IP Format; 1-254
Secondary DNS
IP Format; 1-254
Hostname
Length : 32
0-9, A-Z, a-z
~!@#$%^*()_+-{}|:<>?[]/;`,
WAN
.=
Manual MAC Address
12 HEX chars
IP Address
IP Format; 1-254
IP Netmask
128.0.0.0 ~ 255.255.255.252
IP Gateway
IP Format; 1-254
Hostname
Length : 32
0-9, A-Z, a-z
~!@#$%^*()_+-{}|:<>?[]/;`,
.=
Password
Length : 32
0-9, A-Z, a-z
~!@#$%^*()_+-{}|:<>?[]/;`,
.=
MTU
576 ~ 1492 for PPPoE; 1400 ~ 1460 for PPTP
Idle Time
0 ~ 60 minutes
Primary DNS
IP Format; 1-254
Secondary DNS
IP Format; 1-254
Hostname
Length : 32
0-9, A-Z, a-z
@-_.
User Name
Length : 32
User name
DDNS
Characters
㻞㻡㻢
Password
DHCP Server
Start IP
0-9, A-Z, a-z
~!@#$%^*()
IP Format; 1-254
End IP
IP Format; 1-254
DNS1 IP
IP Format; 1-254
DNS2 IP
IP Format; 1-254
WINS IP
IP Format; 1-254
Domain
Length : 32
0-9, A-Z, a-z
~!@#$%^*()_+-{}|:<>?[]/;`,
Lease Time
Table B
+ {}|:<>?[]/;`
.=
600 ~ 99999999
WEB GUI Valid Characters (continued)
Block
Field
Valid
Management
System Name/ Location
Length : 32
0-9, A-Z, a-z
Space
~!@#$%^*()_+-{}|:<>?[]/;`,
SNMP
Characters
Description
32 chars
Password
Length : 4 ~ 30
0-9, A-Z, a-z
~!@#$%^*()_+-{}|:<>?[]/;`,
.=
HTTP/ HTTPS Port
1 ~ 65535
Telnet/ SSH Port
1 ~ 65535
RO/RW community
Length : 32
0-9, A-Z, a-z
~!@#$%^*()_+-{}|:<>?[];`,
.=
Length : 31
0-9, A-Z, a-z
~!@#$%^*()_+-{}|:<>?[];`,
.=
Length : 8 ~ 32
0-9, A-Z, a-z
~!@#$%^*()_+-{}|:<>?[];`,
.=
Length : 32
0-9, A-Z, a-z
~!@#$%^*()_+-{}|:<>?[];`,
.=
RO/RW user
RO/RW password
Community
IP
IP Format; 1-254
General Setup
Tx Power
1-100 %
Wireless Profile
Profile Name
32 chars
ESSID
Length : 31
Space
0-9, A-Z, a-z
~!@#$%^*()_+-{}|:<>?[]/;`,
Advanced Setup
.=
WEP Key
10, 26 HEX chars or 5, 13 ASCII chars
Pre-shared Key
8 ~ 63 ASCII chars; 64 HEX chars
Beacon Interval
20 ~ 1024
㻞㻡㻣
.=
Block
Table B
Field
Valid
Characters
Date Beacon Rate
1 ~ 255
Fragment Threshold
256 ~ 2346
RTS Threshold
1 ~ 2347
WEB GUI Valid Characters (continued)
Block
Field
Valid
Characters
Virtual AP Setup
ESSID
Length : 31
Space
0-9, A-Z, a-z
~!@#$%^*()_+-{}|:<>?[]/;`,
Maximum Clients
1 ~ 32
VLAN ID
1 ~ 4094
WEP Key
10, 26 HEX chars or 5, 13 ASCII chars
Group Key Update Period
>=60 seconds
PMK Cache Period
> 0 minute
Pre-Shared Key
8 ~ 63 ASCII chars; 64 HEX chars
Radius Server IP
IP Format; 1-254
Radius Port
1 ~ 65535
Shared Secret
8 ~ 64 characters
Session Timeout
>= 60
WEP Key
10, 26 HEX chars or 5, 13 ASCII chars
TKIP Key
8 ~ 63 ASCII chars; 64 HEX chars
AES Key
8 ~ 63 ASCII chars; 64 HEX chars
Peer's MAC Address
12 HEX chars
Description
32 chars
Source Address
IP Format; 1-254
Source Mask
0 ~ 32
Source Port
1 ~ 65535
Destination Address
IP Format; 1-254
Destination Mask
0 ~ 32
Destination Port
1 ~ 65535
MAC Filter
MAC address
MAC Format; 12 HEX chars
Virtual Server
Description
32 chars
Private IP
IP Formate; 1-254
Private/ Public Port
1 ~ 65535
DMZ
IP Address
IP Format; 1-254
QoS/
Parental Control
Comment
32 chars
MAC Address
MAC Format; 12 HEX chars
Local/ Destination IP
IP Formate; 1-254
WDS Setup
IP Filter
㻞㻡㻤
seconds; 0 is disable
.=
Block
Field
Valid
Characters
Local/ Destination Port
1 ~ 65535
Upload & Download
8 ~ 8192 digital number
MCS Data Rate
The table below shows the relationships between the variables that allow for the maximum data rate
Table C
MCS Data Rate
Data Rate (Mb/s)
MCS Index
Modulation
Channel Bandwidth = 20
Channel Bandwidth = 40
Long Guard Interval
Short Guard
Interval
Long Guard
Interval
Short Guard
Interval
BPSK
6.5
7.2
13.5
15.0
QPSK
13.0
14.4
27.0
30.0
QPSK
19.5
21.7
40.5
45.0
16-QAM
26.0
28.9
54.0
60.0
16-QAM
39.0
43.3
81.0
90.0
64-QAM
52.0
57.8
108.0
120.0
64-QAM
58.5
65.0
121.5
135.0
64-QAM
65.0
72.2
135.0
157.5
BPSK
13.0
14.4
27.0
30.0
QPSK
26.0
28.9
54.0
60.0
10
QPSK
39.0
43.3
81.0
90.0
11
16-QAM
52.0
57.8
108.0
120.0
12
16-QAM
78.0
86.7
162.0
180.0
13
64-QAM
104.0
115.6
216.0
240.0
14
64-QAM
117.0
130.0
243.0
270.0
15
64-QAM
130.0
114.4
270.0
300.0
Note :
When MCS=32, only Short Guard Interval option is supported, Channel Bandwidth=20 is not supported. If
Channel Bandwidth=40, the HT duplicate 6Mbps.
When MCS=0~7(One Tx Stream), Guard Interval and Channel Bandwidth are supported
When MCS=8~15(Two Tx Stream), Guard Interval and Channel Bandwidth are supported
System Manager Privileges
There are two system management accounts for maintaining the system; namely, the root and admin accounts are with
different levels of privileges. The root manager account is empowered with full privilege to Read & Write while the admin
manager account is Read only.
㻞㻡㻥
The following table display CPE admin account’s privileges.
Main Menu
System
Wireless
Sub Menu
Group
Admin Privilege
Operating Mode
Read
WAN
Read
LAN
Read & Write
DDNS
Read & Write
Time Server
Read & Write
UPNP
Read & Write
SNMP
Read
General
Read
Advanced
Read
Site Survey
Read
DMZ
Read
IP Filter
Read
MAC Filter
Read
Virtual Server
Read
Parental Control
Read
QoS
Read
Advance
Management
Administrator
Profile Settings
System Information
Read
Root Password
Read
Admin Password
Read & Write
Login Methods
Read
Ping Watchdog
Read
Backup Settings
Read & Write
Restore Settings
Read
Reset to Default
Read
System Upgrade
Read
Network Utility
Read & Write
Reboot
Read & Write
㻞㻢㻜
Enabling UPnP in Windows XP
1.
Open the “Add/Remove Programs” control panel, and then click on “Add/Remove Windows Components” in the
sidebar. Scroll down and find “Networking Services”, highlight it, and then click Details.
2.
In the “Networking Services” window, ensure that the “Internet Gateway Device” and “UPnP User Interface”
options are checked. If they are not, check it to enable them, as shown below, and click OK to continue.
㻞㻢㻝
3.
Next, in the “Control panel”, open the “Administrative Tools” and then open “Services”. Scroll down until you find
the “SSDP Discovery Interface”. If the Status is not Started, double-click on SSDP Discovery Interface to open the
service properties. Change the startup type to Automatic, then close the properties. Now, right-click on SSDP
Discovery Services, and choose Start from the pop-up menu. The SSDP Discovery Service will then be running and
start each time you boot.
4.
After enabling UPnP and starting the SSDP Discovery Service, it may take few minutes for the “TEW-675APBO/
TEW-676APBO” to be discovered and appear in your “My Network Places”.
㻞㻢㻞
Specification
Hardware
Standards
LED Indicator
Antenna
PoE
Dimension (L x W x H)
Weight
Power Consumption
Management
Wind Speed Support
Waterproof
Temperature
Humidity
Overload Current Protection
Power
Certifications
Wireless
Frequency
Modes
Virtual Access Points
Associated Clients (max)
Modulation Technique
Data Rate (auto-fallback)
Security
Output Power
Receiving Sensitivity
Wired: IEEE 802.3u (100Base-TX)
Wireless: IEEE 802.11a/n (5 GHz)
Power, LAN, WLAN (wireless activity)
14dBi patch antenna (polarization: V30q, H30q)
1 x 10/100Mbps RJ-45 PoE port, Passive only (non-802.3af
compliant)
215 x 122 x 66 mm ( 8.5 x 4.8 x 2.6 in)
1 kg (2.2 lbs)
6 Watts (max.)
Web browser (HTTP/HTTPS), SNMP (v2c and 3), Telnet, SSH
210 km/hr
IP66/67 compliant
Max. 95% (non-condensing)
1.1 A
PoE power injector DC output: 48VDC, 0.4A
CE, FCC
5.18 ~ 5.805 GHz
Router, Access Point + WDS, WDS, CPE, Client Bridge +
Repeater, CPE + Access Point
224 (AP Mode), 32 (Repeater Mode)
802.11a: OFDM with BPSK, QPSK, QAM and 64QAM
802.11n: BPSK, QPSK, 16-QAM, 64-QAM
802.11a: up to 54Mbps
802.11a/n: up to 300Mbps
64/128/152-bit WEP, WPA /WPA2-PSK, WPA/WPA2-RADIUS for
AP/CPE mode, WEP/WPA2-PSK for WDS mode
MAC filter (20 entries) and IP filter (20 entries)
Up to 26dBm (FCC), 6dBm (ETSI)
802.11a: -91dBm (typical) @ 29Mpbs
802.11a/n: -68dBm (typical) @ 300Mbps
12 channels (FCC), 19 channel (ETSI)
Transmit Power :
Channels
5745~5825 GHz
IEEE 802.11a mode:20.31dBm
IEEE 802.11n HT 20 MHz Channel mode:14.76dBm
IEEE 802.11n HT 40 MHz Channel mode:16.26dBm
5180~5230 GHz
IEEE 802.11a mode:2.50dBm
IEEE 802.11n HT 20 MHz Channel mode:4.89dBm
IEEE 802.11n HT 40 MHz Channel mode:4.94dBm
㻞㻢㻟
Limited Warranty
TRENDnet warrants its products against defects in material and workmanship, under normal use and
service, for the following lengths of time from the date of purchase.
TEW-676APBO – 3 Years Warranty
AC/DC Power Adapter, Cooling Fan, and Power Supply carry 1 year warranty.
If a product does not operate as warranted during the applicable warranty period, TRENDnet shall
reserve the right, at its expense, to repair or replace the defective product or part and deliver an
equivalent product or part to the customer. The repair/replacement unit’s warranty continues from the
original date of purchase. All products that are replaced become the property of TRENDnet.
Replacement products may be new or reconditioned. TRENDnet does not issue refunds or credit.
Please contact the point-of-purchase for their return policies.
TRENDnet shall not be responsible for any software, firmware, information, or memory data of
customer contained in, stored on, or integrated with any products returned to TRENDnet pursuant to
any warranty.
There are no user serviceable parts inside the product. Do not remove or attempt to service the
product by any unauthorized service center. This warranty is voided if (i) the product has been
modified or repaired by any unauthorized service center, (ii) the product was subject to accident,
abuse, or improper use (iii) the product was subject to conditions more severe than those specified in
the manual.
Warranty service may be obtained by contacting TRENDnet within the applicable warranty period and
providing a copy of the dated proof of the purchase. Upon proper submission of required
documentation a Return Material Authorization (RMA) number will be issued. An RMA number is
required in order to initiate warranty service support for all TRENDnet products. Products that are
sent to TRENDnet for RMA service must have the RMA number marked on the outside of return
packages and sent to TRENDnet prepaid, insured and packaged appropriately for safe shipment.
Customers shipping from outside of the USA and Canada are responsible for return shipping fees.
Customers shipping from outside of the USA are responsible for custom charges, including but not
limited to, duty, tax, and other fees.
WARRANTIES EXCLUSIVE: IF THE TRENDNET PRODUCT DOES NOT OPERATE AS
WARRANTED ABOVE, THE CUSTOMER’S SOLE REMEDY SHALL BE, AT TRENDNET’S OPTION,
REPAIR OR REPLACE. THE FOREGOING WARRANTIES AND REMEDIES ARE EXCLUSIVE AND
ARE IN LIEU OF ALL OTHER WARRANTIES, EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, EITHER IN FACT OR BY
OPERATION OF LAW, STATUTORY OR OTHERWISE, INCLUDING WARRANTIES OF
MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. TRENDNET NEITHER
ASSUMES NOR AUTHORIZES ANY OTHER PERSON TO ASSUME FOR IT ANY OTHER
LIABILITY IN CONNECTION WITH THE SALE, INSTALLATION MAINTENANCE OR USE OF
TRENDNET’S PRODUCTS.
TRENDNET SHALL NOT BE LIABLE UNDER THIS WARRANTY IF ITS TESTING AND
EXAMINATION DISCLOSE THAT THE ALLEGED DEFECT IN THE PRODUCT DOES NOT EXIST
OR WAS CAUSED BY CUSTOMER’S OR ANY THIRD PERSON’S MISUSE, NEGLECT, IMPROPER
INSTALLATION OR TESTING, UNAUTHORIZED ATTEMPTS TO REPAIR OR MODIFY, OR ANY
OTHER CAUSE BEYOND THE RANGE OF THE INTENDED USE, OR BY ACCIDENT, FIRE,
LIGHTNING, OR OTHER HAZARD.
㻞㻢㻠
LIMITATION OF LIABILITY: TO THE FULL EXTENT ALLOWED BY LAW TRENDNET ALSO
EXCLUDES FOR ITSELF AND ITS SUPPLIERS ANY LIABILITY, WHETHER BASED IN CONTRACT
OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE), FOR INCIDENTAL, CONSEQUENTIAL, INDIRECT,
SPECIAL, OR PUNITIVE DAMAGES OF ANY KIND, OR FOR LOSS OF REVENUE OR PROFITS,
LOSS OF BUSINESS, LOSS OF INFORMATION OR DATE, OR OTHER FINANCIAL LOSS
ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SALE, INSTALLATION, MAINTENANCE, USE,
PERFORMANCE, FAILURE, OR INTERRUPTION OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES,
AND LIMITS ITS LIABILITY TO REPAIR, REPLACEMENT, OR REFUND OF THE PURCHASE
PRICE PAID, AT TRENDNET’S OPTION. THIS DISCLAIMER OF LIABILITY FOR DAMAGES WILL
NOT BE AFFECTED IF ANY REMEDY PROVIDED HEREIN SHALL FAIL OF ITS ESSENTIAL
PURPOSE.
Governing Law: This Limited Warranty shall be governed by the laws of the state of California.
Some TRENDnet products include software code written by third party developers. These codes are
subject to the GNU General Public License ("GPL") or GNU Lesser General Public License ("LGPL").
Go to http://www.trendnet.com/gpl or http://www.trendnet.com Download section and look for the
desired TRENDnet product to access to the GPL Code or LGPL Code. These codes are distributed
WITHOUT WARRANTY and are subject to the copyrights of the developers. TRENDnet does not
provide technical support for these codes. Please go to http://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl.txt or
http://www.gnu.org/licenses/lgpl.txt for specific terms of each license.
PWP05202009v2
㻞㻢㻡

---

Source Exif Data:

File Type                       : PDF
File Type Extension             : pdf
MIME Type                       : application/pdf
PDF Version                     : 1.6
Linearized                      : Yes
XMP Toolkit                     : Adobe XMP Core 4.0-c321 44.398116, Tue Aug 04 2009 14:24:39
Modify Date                     : 2011:08:03 13:52:14+08:00
Create Date                     : 2011:08:03 13:52:07+08:00
Metadata Date                   : 2011:08:03 13:52:14+08:00
Creator Tool                    : PScript5.dll Version 5.2
Format                          : application/pdf
Title                           : untitled
Creator                         : eunice.shen
Document ID                     : uuid:5c605574-90df-49a8-9f2e-a0e0273177c2
Instance ID                     : uuid:fd55d41e-a680-43ed-8822-a7441eb4c5d7
Producer                        : Acrobat Distiller 8.3.0 (Windows)
Page Count                      : 142
Author                          : eunice.shen

EXIF Metadata provided by EXIF.tools