Thomson Broadcast and Multimedia LBD-25200 Affinity L-Band Transmitter for Mobile Media Svs. User Manual 47267151 108

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Document Number: 47267151-108
Revision: 0.1
Date: June 14, 2004
Copyright © 2004 by Thales Broadcast & Multimedia, Inc., All rights reserved.
Affinity® is a Registered Trademark of Thales Broadcast & Multimedia, Inc.
Win 95, Win 98, Win NT 4.0, Win 2000 and Win XP are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation.
All rights reserved
Pentium is a registered trademark of Intel Corporation. All rights reserved
No part of this manual may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by
any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, except as may be expressly
permitted in writing by Thales Broadcast and Multimedia, Inc.
Information provided by Thales Broadcast and Multimedia, Inc. is intended and believed to be accurate;
however, no liability can be assumed for its use. Materials, designs, and specifications are subject to
change without notice.
For technical support call 1-800-345-9295 or log on to our web site at www.thales-bm.com.
Manufactured in the United States of America
i
Affinity Control User’s Guide
Software v2.50
Table of Contents
Introduction and Installation.............................................................................................1
1.1
Program Description ...........................................................................................1
1.2
System Requirements.........................................................................................1
1.3
Installation ..........................................................................................................1
1.4
Initial Setup.........................................................................................................2
Program Operation ..........................................................................................................3
2.1
Main Control Screen Operation...........................................................................3
2.1.1
Upconverter LCD Metering and Status Box ..................................................4
2.1.2
Controls ........................................................................................................4
2.1.3
Fault Log Screen Operation ..........................................................................5
2.1.4
Maintenance Options Screen Operation .......................................................6
2.1.5
Setup/Configuration Screen Operation..........................................................7
2.2
Amplifier Gain Check Procedure.......................................................................11
2.3
Full Upconverter Calibration Procedure ............................................................15
Affinity System Reference & Theory of Operation..........................................................29
3.1
ADAPT Reference ............................................................................................29
3.2
Affinity/Upconverter Theory of Operation ..........................................................29
3.3
Affinity Power Amplifier(s) Reference................................................................30
3.4
Affinity Control Software to EMSET Variable Cross Reference .........................31
Figure 1 Upconverter RJ11 Serial Port Connector ......................................................................2
Figure 2 First Time Startup Dialog...............................................................................................2
Figure 3 Old Upconverter Parameters Warning...........................................................................2
Figure 4 Main Control Screen – NOT CONNECTED...................................................................3
Figure 5 Main Control Screen–After Connection .........................................................................3
Figure 6 Sample Fault History Log File .......................................................................................5
Figure 7 Maintenance Screen .....................................................................................................6
Figure 8 Setup/Configuration Screen ..........................................................................................7
Figure 9 Meter/Display Calibration Screen ..................................................................................9
Figure 10 Saved Upconverter Settings File Example ................................................................10
Figure 11 Amplifier Gain Check for 500W System (Screen 1) ...................................................11
Figure 12 Amplifier Gain Check for 500W System (Screen 2) ...................................................12
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Software v2.50
Table of Contents
Figure 13 Amplifier Gain Check for 500W System (Screen 3) ...................................................12
Figure 14 Amplifier Gain Check for 500W System (Screen 4) ...................................................13
Figure 15 Amplifier Gain Check for 500W System (Screen 5) ...................................................13
Figure 16 Amplifier Gain Check for 500W System (Screen 6) ...................................................14
Figure 17 Amplifier Gain Check for 500W System (Screen 7) ...................................................14
Figure 18 Full Calibration-Initial Display Screen ........................................................................16
Figure 19 Full Calibration-"Last Chance" Warning ....................................................................17
Figure 20 Full Calibration-Upconverter Initialization ..................................................................17
Figure 21 Full Calibration-ADAPT Output Level ........................................................................18
Figure 22 Full Calibration-Power Meter Setup...........................................................................18
Figure 23 Full Calibration-ALC Manual Ref Calibration .............................................................19
Figure 24 Full Calibration-System Fwd Pwr Sample Setup .......................................................19
Figure 25 Full Calibration-System Fwd Pwr Ref Calibration ......................................................20
Figure 26 Full Calibration-Upconv Fwd Pwr Ref Info .................................................................20
Figure 27 Full Calibration-Upconv Fwd Pwr Ref Calibration ......................................................21
Figure 28 Full Calibration-System Refl Power Ref Info..............................................................21
Figure 29 Full Calibration-System Refl Power Ref Calibration...................................................22
Figure 30 Full Calibration-System Refl Power Ref Calibration...................................................22
Figure 31 Full Calibration-ALC Auto Ref Info ............................................................................23
Figure 32 Full Calibration-ALC Auto Mode Switch.....................................................................23
Figure 33 Full Calibration-ALC Auto Ref Calibration .................................................................24
Figure 34 Full Calibration-Power Limiter Info ............................................................................24
Figure 35 Full Calibration-Power Limiter Setup .........................................................................25
Figure 36 Full Calibration-Power Limiter Calibration .................................................................25
Figure 37 Full Calibration-ALC Auto Full Power Restore...........................................................26
Figure 38 Full Calibration-Fast Reflected Shutdown Setup .......................................................26
Figure 39 Full Calibration-Fast Reflected Shutdown Calibration................................................27
Figure 40 Full Calibration-Reflected Power Limit Setup ............................................................27
Figure 41 Full Calibration-Fast Refl Power Percent Limit Calibration ........................................28
Figure 42 Full Calibration-Reflected Power Sample Setup........................................................28
Figure 43 Affinity System Simplified Block Diagram ..................................................................29
Table 1 Amplifier Fault Power Reduction Levels (in ALC Auto mode) .......................................30
Table 2 EMSET Variables to Affinity Control Software Cross Reference...................................32
Table 3 EMSET Variables Description ......................................................................................33
Introduction and Installation
Affinity Control User’s Guide
Software v2.50
1 Introduction and Installation
1.1
Program Description
The Affinity Control software is designed to allow for minor adjustments to the Affinity system
Upconverter/Amplifier plug-in module (hereafter referred to as "upconverter"). Control and
monitoring for normal day-to-day operation is provided on a main control screen. Calibration,
adjustment, and setup functions are provided through additional maintenance screens.
The program provides the capability of saving upconverter settings to a file. There is also a fault
history log file, created during operation, which provides reporting capabilities on faults and
operational activities. The fault history log file, along with the saved settings file, provides useful
information to aid in troubleshooting problems that may arise.
Refer to the Affinity and Upconverter/Amplifier reference section of this document for more
detailed information regarding the operation of the Affinity system, including details on the
upconverter plug-in.
1.2
1.3
System Requirements
•
Windows 95, 98, NT 4.0, 2000, or XP (Windows 2000 or XP recommended).
•
64MB Memory
•
Pentium 3 – 350MHz or better.
•
800x600 or better display resolution – 256 colors minimum.
•
One RS232 communication port.
•
DB9 (PC) to RJ11 serial interface cable PN: 47267081
Installation
The Affinity Control software application is supplied in two possible forms: As a CD-ROM (Part #
47267204.01) or as a zip file delivered via e-mail (AffinityControlGUIv250.zip). Locate and run
the supplied setup.exe file to install the Affinity Control software on your computer. The setup
utility will install an executable file “AffinityControlv250.exe” in the directory “C:\Program
Files\Thales B&M\Affinity Control”. A shortcut to this executable is automatically added to the
START > PROGRAMS menu and to the PC desktop.
Introduction and Installation
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Software v2.50
1.4
Initial Setup
Connect the DB9 connector of the serial interface cable to an unused PC serial port connector.
Connect the other end of the cable to the upconverter RJ11 serial port connector (see Figure 1).
Figure 1 Upconverter RJ11 Serial Port Connector
To start the program, click on the program Icon. The first time that the program is started a
popup window will appear (see Figure 2) requesting that the setup be run. Click on the OK
button to run the program’s Setup/Configuration dialog. If the Cancel button is pressed, the
program will exit. The setup must be performed before the program can be run. When the
Setup/Configuration window appears, select the desired COM Port, set the Rated System Pwr,
then click on the Save button to save the configuration.
NOTE: The rated system power (Rated System Pwr) is the maximum system output power rating, NOT
the power at which the system will be operated.
Click on the Apply button to activate the settings. The Setup/Configuration dialog can be
accessed later from the Maintenance screen. Refer to the Setup/Configuration section of this
manual for details on the remaining setup and configuration parameters.
A warning dialog message (Figure 3) will be displayed noting that the program could not load
previous upconverter settings. This warning message will be displayed on every startup until the
upconverter settings are saved. Refer to the Maintenance section of this manual for a
description on how to save the current upconverter settings.
Figure 2 First Time Startup Dialog
Figure 3 Old Upconverter Parameters Warning
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Software v2.50
2 Program Operation
2.1
Main Control Screen Operation
The Main Control screen is the primary interface to the upconverter module. It displays the
current operating power levels and status. It also includes controls for adjusting system output
power, upconverter ON or OFF (Transmit or Standby), upconverter reset, and access to the
fault history log file.
Each time the program is run, the Status window must be clicked to connect to the upconverter.
It may take a couple of minutes for the connection to be made after the Status window is
clicked. Figure 5 shows the Main Control screen after the program has successfully connected
to the upconverter. During the connection process, the program extracts most of the important
current upconverter parameter data. This is some of the data that is saved by clicking on the
Save Upconverter Settings button in the Maintenance Options screen.
Figure 4 Main Control Screen – NOT CONNECTED
Figure 5 Main Control Screen–After Connection
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Software v2.50
2.1.1 Upconverter LCD Metering and Status Box
The power readings shown are basically a duplicate of the LCD display readings on the
upconverter itself. However, the values displayed by the program are averaged for increased
stability.
•
Forward Pwr – Displays the current system output forward power (averaged 3
samples).
•
Reflected Pwr – Displays the current system reflected power (averaged 3 samples).
•
Upconverter Pwr – Displays the current upconverter internal forward power.
•
Status – Displays the current status of the program or Affinity operation. Typical status
conditions are: RF Transmit, RF Standby, RF OFF and Not Connected.
2.1.2 Controls
•
Transmit – Clicking this button will place the upconverter in the Transmit mode. It may
take thirty seconds or more for the upconverter to transition to the transmit state (RF
ON).
•
Standby – Clicking this button will place the upconverter in the Standby mode (RF
OFF).
•
Reset – Clicking this button will send a reset command to the Upconverter. It will briefly
turn the output off, then return to the Transmit mode after approximately ten seconds
NOTE: Anytime the upconverter is reset it will revert back to ALC Auto mode, which is
the normal operating state.
•
Raise Power – Clicking this button will increase the Affinity system output power. The
increase is typically between five and ten Watts.
•
Lower Power – Clicking this button will decrease the Affinity system output power. The
decrease is typically between five and ten Watts.
•
Maintenance – Clicking this button will open the Maintenance Dialog window. Refer to
the Maintenance Screen Operation section of this document for details.
•
Fault Log – Clicking this button will open a window to display the current contents of the
fault history file. The file can be scrolled page by page. As the fault history file grows in
size, it will become more cumbersome to view. The fault history file should be purged
occasionally or archived by copying to other storage.
NOTE: The Fault History file is a normal text file and can be opened and view with a
standard text editor such as Notepad. DO NOT EDIT the file that is currently in use!
•
Quit – This will exit the Affinity Control program.
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Software v2.50
2.1.3 Fault Log Screen Operation
Clicking on the Fault Log button in the Main Control Screen will open the Fault History Logfile
display (Figure 6). Clicking the Next Page button will display the next page of the file. Clicking
the Prev Page button will display the previous page of the file. The contents being displayed
can be copied and pasted into another program if desired, but the information cannot be edited.
It is strongly recommended that the fault log file be purged or archived frequently.
Figure 6 Sample Fault History Log File
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Software v2.50
2.1.4 Maintenance Options Screen Operation
Most of the buttons in the Maintenance Options Screen (Figure 7) will open additional windows.
The following buttons are described below:
•
Setup/Config – Clicking this button will open the Setup/Configuration dialog window.
Refer to the Setup/Configuration Screen Operation section of this document for details.
•
Meter/Display Cal – Clicking this button will open the Meter/Display Calibration dialog
window. Refer to the Meter/Display Calibration Screen Operation section of this
document for details.
•
Save Upconverter Settings – Clicking on this button will save the current upconverter
settings to a date and time stamped file. Refer to the Save Upconverter Settings section
of this document for details.
•
Purge Fault Log – Clicking this button will allow the fault history file to be emptied. This
file can grow quite large. Refer to the Fault History section of this document for details.
•
Amplifier Gain Check – Clicking this button will open the Amplifier Gain Check dialog
window. Refer to the Amplifier Gain Check Procedure section of this document for
details.
•
Full Upconverter Cal – Clicking this button will open the Full Upconverter Calibration
dialog window. Refer to the Full Upconverter Calibration Procedure section of this
document for details.
•
Back to Main Window – Clicking this button will close the Maintenance Options dialog
window and return to the Main Control Screen.
Figure 7 Maintenance Screen
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Software v2.50
2.1.5 Setup/Configuration Screen Operation
The Setup/Configuration Screen (Figure 8) allows various program parameters to be adjusted,
saved, and applied. A Setup Help screen located on the right side of the dialog describes most
of the controls and their functions. More detail on each control is provided here:
2.1.5.1
Configuration & COM Setup
•
COM Port – This control allows selection of the desired COM port (ports 1 - 4 are
currently supported).
•
Rated System Power – Use this control to select the rated system output power (not
the operating power). This setting is required by the Amplifier Gain Check procedure in
order to know how many amps are available.
•
COM Timeout – SHOULD NOT NEED TO BE ADJUSTED. If COM lockouts occur,
suspect a cable/COM connection problem. Timeouts will occasionally occur, but if they
do not cause a COM lockout, they should be ignored. The program has built-in handling
for these timeout errors and will automatically recover.
Figure 8 Setup/Configuration Screen
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Software v2.50
2.1.5.2
Power Alarm Trip Settings
These controls are used to set upper and lower alarm points for the forward and upconverter
power meter readings. These limits do NOT cause the program to take any action other than to
log the fault and display it on the Main Screen. If either the forward or upconverter power levels
are outside the limits, the corresponding Power display box on the Main Screen will be
highlighted red. Also, the fault will be recorded in the fault history file, with a date/time stamp,
and the alarm limit vs. the actual level. Again, violating these limits does NOT cause the
program to take any action to reduce or increase power.
•
Forward Pwr Low % - Use this control to set the Forward Power LOWER alarm
threshold.
•
Forward Pwr High % - Use this control to set the Forward Power UPPER alarm
threshold.
•
Upconverter Pwr Low % - Use this control to set the Upconverter Internal Fwd Power
LOWER alarm threshold.
•
Upconverter Pwr High % - Use this control to set the Upconverter Internal Fwd Power
UPPER alarm threshold.
•
Un-Check to Disable Alarms – Check this box to enable Low/High Power alarm(s)
monitoring and reporting. Uncheck the box to disable Low/High power monitoring and
reporting.
2.1.5.3
Metering/Display Calibration Operation
The Meter/Display Calibration Screen (Figure 9 on the following page) allows the upconverter
LCD “System Forward Power”, “System Reflected Power” and “Upconverter Internal Fwd Pwr”
readings to be calibrated/adjusted. There is also an adjustment on this screen for the Fast
Reflected Shutdown Trip threshold. This is to eliminate nuisance reflected power trips caused
when the ADAPT output is turned on. There is a Meter/Cal Help screen displayed to the right
side of the dialog, which describes most of the controls and their function. More detail on each
control is provided here:
NOTE: that the readings displayed for power are NOT AVERAGED. That is, they are "real-time."
•
System Fwd Pwr – Use the Up/Down control to adjust the displayed value for the
upconverter LCD “System Forward Pwr” reading. The reading displayed on-screen
should match the upconverter LCD reading. The displayed value is NOT averaged.
•
System Reflected Pwr – Use the Up/Down control to adjust the displayed value for the
upconverter LCD “System Refl Pwr” reading. The reading displayed on-screen should
match the upconverter LCD reading. The displayed value is NOT averaged.
•
Upconverter Pwr – Use the Up/Down control to adjust the displayed value for the
upconverter LCD “Upconv Fwd Pwr” reading. The reading displayed on-screen should
match the upconverter LCD reading. The displayed value is NOT averaged.
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Software v2.50
•
Fast Reflected Shutdown Trip – Use the Up/Down control to adjust the trip point for
the Fast Reflected Shutdown. The only possible reason that this may require adjustment
is to eliminate nuisance trips occurring when the ADAPT output is turned on. Adjust the
level up by one click, reset the upconverter, and turn the ADAPT drive output control
OFF and ON. If trip reoccurs, repeat this process until the upconverter no longer trips.
CAUTION: It should not be necessary to raise the level by more than 100 units (from the
initial displayed value). Be aware that if the threshold level is adjusted too high, reflected
power protection may be diminished.
•
Done – Clicking on this button closes the Meter/Display Calibration window. Note that
changes take effect immediately, so any changes are permanent (unless changed back).
Figure 9 Meter/Display Calibration Screen
2.1.5.4
Save Upconverter Settings
This function is accessible from the Maintenance Options screen. Clicking on the button will
write the current program configuration and upconverter parameters to a file. Each time the
button is pressed, a new file is created. The unique filename is created using the current date
and time. An example file name would be: Settings-2004-05-17-17-42-15.txt where 2004-05-17
is the date in YYYY-MM-DD format and 17-42-15 is the time in HH-MM-SS format. A sample of
the contents from a saved file is shown in Figure 10. Note that the parameters for each
upconverter vary depending on the system. Your results probably will not match the values in
this example.
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Upconverter Parameter Settings
Saved: May 19, 2004 at 11:03:31
-------------------------------------------------SETUP/CONFIGURATION INFORMATION
-------------------------------------------------Date of last Setup/Config Change: 2004-05-19, 08:43:26
Affinity Control SW v2.18
Configured COM Port: 2, COM Timeout: 5000ms
System Pwr Level: 500W, Amp Count: 8
Power Alarms Enabled
Fwd Pwr Alarm Low: 95, Fwd Pwr Alarm High: 105
Upconverter Pwr Alarm Low: 90, Upconverter Pwr Alarm High: 110
-------------------------------------------------UPCONVERTER PARAMETERS INFORMATION
-------------------------------------------------Upconverter Firmware Version: 1.10
System Fwd Pwr: 102
Sys Rev Pwr: 0
Upconverter Fwd Pwr: 105
Temperature: 197
Health Mask: 0xFF7B
Health Reading: 0xFFFF
Health Snapshot: 0xFFBF
Personality: 0xFFFF
FW State: 4
FW Mode: 1
In Signal: 0
Current Channel: 21
Stored Channel: 21
-------------------------------------------------CALIBRATION VARIABLES
-------------------------------------------------ALC_AUTO_REF_MIN: 0
ALC_AUTO_REF: 669
ALC_MANUAL_REF: 1325
SYS_FWD_PWR_REF: 567
SYS_REFLECTED_PWR_REF: 565
UPCONVERTER_INT_FWD_PWR_REF: 577
FAST_REFLECTED_SHUTDOWN_THRESHOLD: 920
FAST_REFLECTED_PWR_PERCENT_LIMIT: 20
POWER_LIMITER: 430
FILTER_COEFF_1: 7
FILTER_COEFF_2: 7
AGC_AUTO_REF_MIN: 4095
AGC_AUTO_REF: 4095
AGC_MANUAL_REF: 4095
IF_THRESHOLD: 4095
FREQ_RESP_1: 4095
FREQ_RESP_2: 4095
-------------------------------------------------Miscellaneous Readings
-------------------------------------------------SYS_FWD_PWR_ADC: 568
SYS_REFLECTED_PWR_ADC: 264
UPCONVERTER_PWR_ADC: 579
OUTPUT_AMP_CURRENT: 48
FINAL_AMP_CURRENT: 71
-------------------------------------------------END OF DATA
--------------------------------------------------
Figure 10 Saved Upconverter Settings File Example
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2.1.5.5
Purge Fault Log Operation
Clicking on this button will bring up a dialog window asking for fault log purge confirmation. If
“Yes” is clicked, the entire contents of the existing fault history file will be deleted. Fault history
data is written to a file named FaultHistory.txt . The fault history file is a standard text file, which
can be read/opened with a text editor program such as Notepad. It is recommended that the
fault history file be archived and purged as a regular part of the normal system maintenance.
The file can either be copied or moved to some external storage medium.
2.2
Amplifier Gain Check Procedure
The Amplifier Gain Check procedure (refer to Figures 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16 and 17) allows the
RF output power contribution of each individual amplifier to be checked. The procedure walks
the user through a step-by-step process with on-screen instructions for each step. The
procedure can be canceled and restarted at any time. Currently, it is not possible to go
backwards (backup one or two steps). The basic procedure is as follows:
•
Set upconverter to ALC Manual mode
•
Raise ALC Manual value to adjust power between 50 and 100% output power.
•
Turn each amp off, record power drop.
•
Turn each amp back on.
•
Repeat previous two steps for each of the remaining amps.
Figure 11 Amplifier Gain Check for 500W System (Screen 1)
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Software v2.50
Figure 12 Amplifier Gain Check for 500W System (Screen 2)
Figure 13 Amplifier Gain Check for 500W System (Screen 3)
12
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Figure 14 Amplifier Gain Check for 500W System (Screen 4)
Figure 15 Amplifier Gain Check for 500W System (Screen 5)
13
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Figure 16 Amplifier Gain Check for 500W System (Screen 6)
Figure 17 Amplifier Gain Check for 500W System (Screen 7)
The block representing the amplifier being tested is highlighted yellow when it should be turned
OFF, highlighted white when it is to be turned ON, and highlighted blue when the test is
completed. As the test on each amplifier is completed, the power level recorded with the
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amplifier OFF is displayed below the amp. Note that the program does NOT actually know
which amplifier is being turned OFF and assumes that the operator is following the sequence as
highlighted. If the sequence is not followed correctly, the values under each amplifier block will
not be correct for the specific location shown.
After all of the amplifiers have been tested, the program will calculate an average power drop
and highlight the amplifiers that have a gain contribution below a calculated limit.
NOTE: An amplifier making little or no contribution to the final output power (i.e. power drops little when
amp in question is deactivated) is most likely defective and may require replacement.
It is important to understand that the program only offers "advice." The operator should make
the final decision regarding which amplifier(s) is/are defective. It is strongly recommended that
the power levels shown for each amplifier be reviewed closely, that suspect amps be swapped
to a new location, and that the test be re-run before deciding that an amplifier has failed.
2.3
Full Upconverter Calibration Procedure
The Full Upconverter Calibration Procedure allows a new upconverter to be calibrated to the
system in which it operates. An average power meter and a selection of SMA or N attenuator
values are REQUIRED (a 0-10dB variable attenuator is recommended) in order to perform this
procedure. The program provides a step-by-step procedure with instructions for the entire
calibration. Each step is documented in this manual. This program performs some of the steps
listed below automatically. The steps that are performed are as follows:
•
Initialize the upconverter with default parameters.
•
Put upconverter into ALC Manual mode.
•
Check/adjust the ADAPT output level and connect to the RF input port of the
upconverter.
•
Adjust the ALC Manual Ref value to bring the system to full power.
•
Check/adjust and connect a forward power sample to the forward power sample input of
the upconverter.
•
Adjust the System Fwd Pwr Ref value to calibrate the “System Fwd Pwr” metering value
displayed on the upconverter LCD.
•
Adjust the Upconv Fwd Power Ref value to calibrate the “Upconv Fwd Pwr” metering
value displayed on the upconverter LCD.
•
Check/adjust and connect a reflected power sample to the reflected power sample input
of the upconverter.
•
Adjust the System Refl Power Ref value to calibrate the “System Refl Pwr” metering
value displayed on the upconverter LCD.
•
Place upconverter into ALC Auto mode.
•
Adjust the ALC Auto Ref value to bring the system to full power in ALC Auto mode.
•
Calibrate the Power Limiter threshold to limit maximum system output power.
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•
Adjust the Fast Refl Shutdown Threshold value to set the reflected power –6dB trip level
to 15% system reflected power.
•
Adjust the Fast Refl Power Percent Limit to set the reflected power shutdown trip level.
Every calibration screen contains a help window on the right side. The instructions for each step
are shown in this window. The left side of the screen shows each of the variables to be set
during the calibration. The variables are highlighted during any adjustment. As needed, controls
will be displayed below the calibration variables. There is a Cancel button in the lower right
corner of the screen. The calibration procedure can be terminated at any time by clicking on the
Cancel button.
The screen shown in Figure 18 is strictly informational. No adjustments or changes are
performed at this time. The instructions note the requirement for an average power meter and
various attenuator sizes.
Figure 18 Full Calibration-Initial Display Screen
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The screen shown in Figure 19
displays a "last chance" warning
message. Clicking on the Next
button in this screen will erase any
previous parameters stored in the
upconverter and initialize it using
default values. Clicking on the
Cancel button will terminate the
procedure without any changes
being made to the upconverter
settings.
Figure 19 Full Calibration-"Last Chance" Warning
The screen in Figure 20 displays a
wait message while the upconverter
is initialized with the pre-calibration
default values. Note that the
initialization can take a few minutes
– Be patient.
Figure 20 Full Calibration-Upconverter Initialization
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The screen in Figure 21 instructs the
operator to adjust the output level of
the ADAPT for +6dBm to +7dBm.
This is the OPTIMAL input level for
the upconverter. Although it will
operate at lower (and higher) input
levels, the best performance can be
achieved with this level.
Figure 21 Full Calibration-ADAPT Output Level
The screen in Figure 22 is
informational only. It instructs the
operator to connect a power meter
to a calibrated coupler on the output
RF system.
Figure 22 Full Calibration-Power Meter Setup
18
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The screen in Figure 23 performs
the calibration of the ALC Manual
Ref parameter. This parameter
controls the output level of the
system when in ALC Manual mode.
Figure 23 Full Calibration-ALC Manual Ref Calibration
The screen in Figure 24 instructs the
operator to connect a forward power
sample to the upconverter forward
power sample input. This will
become the reference level for the
ALC Auto mode (Automatic Level
Control) as well as the reference for
the "Fwd Pwr" display reading.
Figure 24 Full Calibration-System Fwd Pwr Sample Setup
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In Figure 25, adjustment of the
System Fwd Pwr Ref is performed.
This calibrates the upconverter LCD
display reading for "System Forward
Pwr."
Figure 25 Full Calibration-System Fwd Pwr Ref Calibration
The screen in Figure 26 is
informational only.
Figure 26 Full Calibration-Upconv Fwd Pwr Ref Info
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In Figure 27, the Upconv Fwd Power
Ref parameter is calibrated. This
calibrates the Upconverter LCD
"Upconv Forward Pwr" reading.
Figure 27 Full Calibration-Upconv Fwd Pwr Ref
Calibration
The screen in Figure 28 instructs the
operator to connect the samples
used for the Fwd Pwr Ref
calibration, to the upconverter
Reflected Pwr sample input.
Figure 28 Full Calibration-System Refl Power Ref Info
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In Figure 29, the System Refl Power
Ref is calibrated. This calibrates the
Upconverter LCD "System Refl Pwr"
reading.
Figure 29 Full Calibration-System Refl Power Ref
Calibration
This screen is informational only.
Figure 30 Full Calibration-System Refl Power Ref
Calibration
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The screen in Figure 31 is also
informational only and simply
describes what will be done in the
next step of the procedure.
Figure 31 Full Calibration-ALC Auto Ref Info
In this step, the upconverter is
placed into ALC Auto mode prior to
adjustment of the ALC Auto Ref
parameter.
Figure 32 Full Calibration-ALC Auto Mode Switch
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The adjustment and calibration of
the ALC Auto Ref parameter is
performed in this step. This
calibration parameter controls the
system output power during normal
operation.
Figure 33 Full Calibration-ALC Auto Ref Calibration
Figure 34 is an informational only
screen describing the next step to
be performed.
Figure 34 Full Calibration-Power Limiter Info
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In this step, the ALC Auto Ref value
is increased to approximately 130%
to set the Power Limiter threshold
value. The maximum power limit can
be set as desired; a threshold of
130% is provided as an example.
Figure 35 Full Calibration-Power Limiter Setup
This step performs the actual
adjustment of the Power Limiter
parameter. The power limiter is set
to limit the maximum system output
to the level desired.
Figure 36 Full Calibration-Power Limiter Calibration
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In this step, the program restores
the previously calibrated ALC Auto
Ref value to return the system to its
normal full power level.
Figure 37 Full Calibration-ALC Auto Full Power Restore
This is an informational only screen
that instructs the operator in the
setup required to calibrate the Fast
Reflected Shutdown Threshold
value. Setting the required reflected
power sample levels is best
accomplished with a variable
attenuator.
Figure 38 Full Calibration-Fast Reflected Shutdown Setup
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In this step, the Fast Reflected
Shutdown Threshold parameter is
adjusted until the system detects the
15% reverse power threshold. This
will cause the system to reduce
power by approximately 6dB. It may
require several tries to get the
threshold set accurately (within 20
units of true threshold). As described
in the instructions, increase the Fast
Reflected Shutdown Threshold
slightly and use the Reset button to
clear the trip fault. Repeat as
necessary to get the trip set within
20 units.
Figure 39 Full Calibration-Fast Reflected Shutdown
Calibration
This step instructs the operator to
adjust the reflected power sample
level, while still in the –6dB power
reduction mode, to 25% reverse
power. This will be used to calibrate
the Fast Reflected Power Percent
Limit threshold for full system power
shutdown.
Figure 40 Full Calibration-Reflected Power Limit Setup
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This step will perform the
adjustment on the Fast Reflected
Power Percent Limit value in order
to set the trip point for full system
power shutdown. Normally, this is
accomplished automatically.
However, in some cases the value
may need to be decreased by one
or two percent.
Figure 41 Full Calibration-Fast Refl Power Percent Limit
Calibration
This is an informational only step
instructing the operator on
configuring the reflected power
sample to the input of the
upconverter. Normally, a reflected
coupler with the same attenuation
factor as the forward power sample
is used. If one is not available, the
attenuation of the chosen reflected
sample coupler can be adjusted
with fixed attenuators. This step is
also the final step of the calibration
procedure, and clicking on the Next
button will exit the procedure.
Figure 42 Full Calibration-Reflected Power Sample Setup
Affinity System Reference & Theory of Operation
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3 Affinity System Reference & Theory of Operation
Refer to the Affinity Simplified Block Diagram in Figure 43
3.1
ADAPT Reference
The ADAPT performs the on-channel generation of the 8VSB RF signal. It also performs all
linear and nonlinear precorrection of the RF signal. The remote interface to the Affinity system
for RF output ON/OFF, Raise/Lower, and Correction, is provided through the user interface
module in the ADAPT chassis. The recommended RF output level of the ADAPT is between +6
and +7dBm. The RF output of the ADAPT chassis is fed to the RF input of the upconverter
module.
3.2
Affinity/Upconverter Theory of Operation
The upconverter (amplifier) module provides sufficient amplification of the on-channel signal
from the ADAPT to drive the high power amplifier(s). When used in ATSC service, the term
"upconverter" is actually is misnomer since the unit does not perform any frequency
upconversion, the output of the ADAPT exciter already being on the desired UHF channel. That
is, the upconverter function is disabled, and the module functions as a simple preamplifier and
transmitter controller.
The upconverter module provides RF output level control of the Affinity system. A sample of the
forward power taken from the RF system is fed back to the upconverter and calibrated at the full
power level of the system. This ALC control is capable of overcoming small variations in the
output of the ADAPT, such as occurs when non-linear correction is performed. This parameter
is calibrated using the Affinity Control software. The output level can be adjusted from the Main
Control screen of the Affinity Control software by means of the ALC Auto Ref value.
Figure 43 Affinity System Simplified Block Diagram
The upconverter also receives a reflected power sample from the RF system. The upconverter
is calibrated to reduce output power by 6dB when a 15% reflected power level is detected at the
transmitter output. If a 25% or greater reverse power level is detected at this reduced power
level, the upconverter will turn off the RF output completely. These trip levels can be calibrated
Affinity System Reference & Theory of Operation
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using the Affinity Control software. The 15% trip level can also be adjusted within the
Metering/Display Calibration screen accessible from the Maintenance window.
The LCD display on the upconverter module provides rudimentary displays of forward power
(percent), reflected power (percent), and upconverter internal forward power (percent). The
forward and reflected power displays are calibrated to the forward and reflected power samples
obtained from the RF system. The upconverter internal forward power reading is obtained from
a measurement circuit inside the upconverter module. This reading may vary substantially, even
after calibration, as the upconverter adjusts its output power to maintain a constant system
output power in ALC Auto mode. All three display readings can be calibrated using the Affinity
Control software. In addition, minor adjustments can be performed in the Metering/Display
Calibration screen.
Finally, the upconverter module provides an overpower limit control. This power limiter can be
set as desired to limit the maximum system output power via the Power Limiter value with the
Affinity Control software.
NOTE: For 250W or lower power, the forward and reflected power samples are obtained internally to the
transmitter chassis. In order to adjust those levels (…which should NOT be necessary), the rear panel of
the transmitter chassis must be opened. This will be necessary when calibrating the reflected power
sample, since the forward power sample is fed to it for 100% calibration.
3.3
Affinity Power Amplifier(s) Reference
The power amplifiers in the Affinity system provide the high power output. The number of
amplifiers in the system is dependent on the system’s rated output power. The amplifiers have
an internal microcontroller to monitor their operation. Should a fault condition be detected, the
amplifier output will be shut down and the status LED on the amplifier module will turn RED. In
addition, a logic board monitors amplifier status and reduces system power (in ALC Auto mode)
when an amplifier fault is detected. The power reduction level is dependent on the number of
amplifiers in the system and the number amplifiers currently faulted. Table 1 lists the various
system power levels, faulted amplifiers, and associated power reduction.
Faulted Amplifier Count
Power
50W
Off
100W
-6dB
Off
200W
-3dB
-6dB
Off
250W
-3dB
-6dB
Off
500W
-1.5dB
-3dB
-6dB
-6dB
Off
1kW
-1.5dB
-1.5dB
-3dB
-3dB
-6dB
-6dB
-6dB
-6dB
Table 1 Amplifier Fault Power Reduction Levels (in ALC Auto mode)
Affinity System Reference & Theory of Operation
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3.4
Affinity Control Software to EMSET Variable Cross Reference
Table 2 lists the EMSET v5.0 variables that are normally adjusted during either, the initial setup
and calibration of an Upconverter, or during typical operation. Some of the variables are
automatically set and/or controlled by the Affinity Control software and are not directly
accessible by the user. Table 3 lists the same EMSET variables and includes a brief description
of their effect. This table is provided for those users familiar with the original EMSET software.
Affinity System Reference & Theory of Operation
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EMSET Variable
Affinity Control Equivalent & Access
ALC_MODE_SELECT
Not directly accessible. Automatically set as
appropriate for software operation.
ALC_AUTO_REF_MIN
Not directly accessible. Automatically set during the
Full Upconverter Calibration procedure as part of
the upconverter initialization.
ALC_AUTO_REF
Accessed during the Full Upconverter Calibration
procedure. Also, the Main Control screen Raise &
Lower buttons adjust this value up or down in steps
of 1.
ALC_MANUAL_REF
Not directly accessible. Adjusted during the Full
Upconverter Calibration procedure.
FAST REFLECTED SHUTDOWN THRESHOLD
Accessible in the Metering/LCD Display Calibration
screen. Also adjusted during the Full Upconverter
Calibration procedure.
POWER LIMITER
Not directly accessible. Adjusted during the Full
Upconverter Calibration procedure.
FILTER_COEFF_1
Not directly accessible. Automatically set during the
Full Upconverter Calibration procedure as part of
the upconverter initialization.
FILTER_COEFF_2
Not directly accessible. Automatically set during the
Full Upconverter Calibration procedure as part of
the upconverter initialization.
SYSTEM FWD PWR REFERENCE
Accessible in the Metering/LCD Display Calibration
screen. Also adjusted during the Full Upconverter
Calibration procedure.
SYSTEM REFLECTED PWR REF
Accessible in the Metering/LCD Display Calibration
screen. Also adjusted during the Full Upconverter
Calibration procedure.
UPCONVERTER INTERNAL FRD PWR REF
Accessible in the Metering/LCD Display Calibration
screen. Also adjusted during the Full Upconverter
Calibration procedure.
SYSTEM REFLECTED POWER PERCENT LIMIT
Not directly accessible. Adjusted during the Full
Upconverter Calibration procedure.
UPCONV HEALTH PLAN MASK
Not directly accessible. Automatically set during the
Full Upconverter Calibration procedure as part of
the upconverter initialization.
UNUSED WORD 1
Not directly accessible. Automatically set during the
Full Upconverter Calibration procedure as part of
the upconverter initialization.
Table 2 EMSET Variables to Affinity Control Software Cross Reference
Affinity System Reference & Theory of Operation
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Affinity Control User’s Guide
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EMSET Variable
Affinity Control Equivalent & Access
ALC_MODE_SELECT
This parameter places the upconverter either in
ALC Auto or ALC Manual mode. The output power
level is only controlled automatically in ALC Auto
mode, which is the normal operating mode.
ALC_AUTO_REF_MIN
This parameter sets the minimum ALC level and is
normally set to zero.
ALC_AUTO_REF
This parameter sets the ALC Auto full power level.
ALC_MANUAL_REF
This parameter sets the ALC Manual power output
level.
FAST REFLECTED SHUTDOWN THRESHOLD
This parameter sets the trip point for the -6dB
power reduction at 15% reflected power.
POWER LIMITER
This parameter sets the maximum overpower
output limit.
FILTER_COEFF_1
This parameter sets the number of averages used
for the "Fwd" and "Refl" power readings in the
upconverter LCD display and is normally set to 7.
FILTER_COEFF_2
This parameter sets the number of averages used
for the "Upconverter Internal Fwd" power reading in
the upconverter LCD display and is normally set to
7.
SYSTEM FWD PWR REFERENCE
This parameter is the calibration value for the
upconverter LCD "System Forward Pwr" reading.
SYSTEM REFLECTED PWR REF
This parameter is the calibration value for the
upconverter LCD "System Reflected Pwr" reading.
UPCONVERTER INTERNAL FRD PWR REF
This parameter is the calibration value for the
upconverter LCD "Upconv Forward Pwr" reading.
SYSTEM REFLECTED POWER PERCENT LIMIT
This parameter sets the trip point for 25% reflected
power at the (already) –6dB reduced output level.
UPCONV HEALTH PLAN MASK
This parameter selects the features and
capabilities of the upconverter. It is typically set to
65403 or 65407 (Rev B Upconverter).
UNUSED WORD 1
This parameter is normally set to 21. It is normally
used only in multi-channel frequency-agile Affinity
systems.
Table 3 EMSET Variables Description
Thales Broadcast & Multimedia, Inc.
104 Feeding Hills Road
Southwick, MA 01077 U.S.A.
(800) 345-9295
www.thales-bm.com
Made and printed in the U.S.A.

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