UTStarcom Korea Technologies UTS-ACS-40 Wireless Local Loop User Manual 413407

UTStarcom Korea Technologies Ltd. Wireless Local Loop 413407

users manual

User’s Manual January, 2003
- i - Definition & Acronyms ACS Adaptive Cell Station ADPCM Adaptive Differential Pulse Code Modulation ATC Air Traffic Controller BRI Basic Rate Interface CCM CS Control Module CDR Call Description Record CO Central Office CS Cell Station RPC CS Controller CSIF CS Interface Module DDF Digital distributed Frame DTMF Dual Tone Multi Frequency DWRT Data Wireless Remote Terminal E1-IF E1 Interface Module E1MW W1 Module Wireless EBAM Extension Bus Adapter Module ECNT Enhanced Main Control Card FDDI Fiber Distributors Data Interface FSK Frequency Shift Keying FSU Fixed Subscriber Unit FXOW Foreign exchange Office Wireless GND Ground HGND Protection Ground or High-voltage Ground HLR Home Location Register IP Internet Protocol LE Local Exchange LED Light Emitting Diode MCU Monitor and Control Unit MDF Main Distributed Frame NMS Network Management System OAM&P Operation Administration Maintenance and Provisioning PAS Personal Access System PC Personal Computer PDP Power Distribution Panel PGT PAS Gateway Terminal PGTC PAS Gateway Terminal-Central PGTS PAS Gateway Terminal-Satellite PHS Personal Hand phone System
PIAFS PS-PHS Internet Access Forum Specification PS Personal Station PSM Power Supply Module PSTN Public Switched Telephone Network QFE Quad Fast Ethernet Card RCM Roaming Control Module RF Radio Frequency RP Radio Port RPC Radio Port Controller RP-IF RP Interface Module RT Remote Terminal RX Receiving Data RxD Receive Data SATC Server-based ATC SCMW System Control Module Wireless TCM Traffic Control Module TE1M Traffic E1 Module TX Transmitting Data TxD Transmit Data VLR Visitor Location Register
PAS System 1 Overview 1. Overview ACS (Adaptive Cell Station, i.e. ACS) is a kind of wireless equipment. The ADPCM signals from the RPCACS controller enter into the standard 2B+D interface via twisted pair wire; The signals are transmitted in the form of radio frequency modulation wave, which makes up a wireless link between the ACS and PS (Personal Station). The link provides voice/data communications to terminal subscribers via RPC, central terminal equipment and central switch office. In terms of wireless communication, the ACS provides RCR STD-28 air interface. It applies Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) and Time Division Duplex (TDD) techniques. Each individual radio link between the ACS and FSU/PS is assigned 1 time slot for a control channel (C-Ch) and 3 time slots for traffic (speech) channels (T-Chs). The C-channel time slot of RCR STD-28 does not need to be specially located, so, in the system, any one of the 4 time slots can be selected as the control time slot.
PAS System 2 ACS Type 2. ACS Type In terms of the installation environment, ACSs are sorted into Indoor ones and Outdoor ones. 2.1 Indoor ACS Indoor ACS is installed in the wall and ceiling of the place like hotel, government building, bank. It provides the services of PS, telephone and data terminal in the building. It has two antennas that are connected with the main body. The indoor ACS is shown in Figure 2-1. Figure 2-1 indoor ACS 2.2 Outdoor ACS As per the number of ACSs connected, Outdoor ACSs can be sorted into Singe-ACS outdoor type and 4-ACS outdoor type. 2.2.1 Singe-ACS outdoor type Singe-ACS outdoor type is usually installed on sidewall, top of the building. It is waterproof, need not to be maintained which has with high reliability. Its antennas are usually placed at high positions, so that the coverage area can be relatively larger. This type of ACS is line-powered over ordinary twisted-pair cabling from RPC, so no joint box is needed. It adopts 2-antennas diversity. Please refer to Chapter 4 for detailed information. The Singe-ACS outdoor type is shown in Figure 2-2.
ACS User Guide ACS Type ii PAS System Figure 2-2 Singe-ACS outdoor type 2.2.2 4-ACS outdoor Type For this type of ACS, 4 single-ACSs are placed in a waterproof case. It adopts group control mode as well as 4-antennae diversity. These ACSs are usually installed on pole, top of the building. The antennae of 4-ACS outdoor are generally placed at high positions, so that the coverage area can be relatively larger. It is also waterproof, need not to be maintained which has with high reliability. This type of ACS is line-powered over ordinary twisted-pair cabling from RPC, so no joint box is needed. It adopts 4-antennas diversity. Please refer to Chapter 4 for detailed information. The 4-ACS outdoor type is shown in Figure 2-3. Figure 2-3 4-ACS outdoor Type 2.3 ACS Antenna The ACS adopts omni-directional antenna or other kind of antenna. Details of the ACS antenna capabilities are depicted in its technical specifications.
PAS System 3 Technical Introduction 3. Technical Introduction 3.1 ACS Coverage Range For ACS installation, the quantity and distribution of ACSs are affected by the factors below: z Geographical condition of the service area z Subscriber distribution in the service area z Expected traffic and service quality 3.1.1 Wireless Signal Transmission Mode The frequency range of the PAS system is 1.9GHz which belongs to WIRELESS LOCAL LOOP system; the wavelength is about 16cm, which is far shorter than the building. The electric wave is poor at diffraction; the direct wave and reflect wave are more intense than the diffraction wave. Figure3-1 shows the direct and reflect of the electric wave in the urban area, where buildings are concentrated. Figure3-1 Transmission Mode in Urban Area The ACS coverage range in urban area is different from that in suburban area. Moreover, the ACS coverage range is also influenced by the antenna height; the higher is the antenna, the wider is the coverage range.
40mW ACS User Guide Technical Introduction ii PAS System 3.1.2 Micro-zone Overlap The service will be the best if ACSs are installed as per the micro-zone overlap structure. 2 Km3.5-5 Km5.5 -7 KmAbout 14Km Figure3-2 Coverage Area in Micro-zone Overlap Structure The application of micro-zone overlap and dynamic channel allocation makes the system more flexible and enlarges the system capacity. Because the ACSs are installed considering coverage overlapped, subscribers can use all the channels while calling or called. Thus, the micro-zone overlap structure enhances the system reliability and quality of service. Even if a ACS is broken down, the system capacity will not be affected. Due to its dynamic channel allocation, operators’ requirements can be easily satisfied without frequency planning, which is also convenient for expansion.
40mW ACS User Guide Technical Introduction iii PAS System 3.2 Traffic Management 3.2.1 Stand-alone ACS In the case of an isolated ACS there are 4 time slots installed for radio links. One slot is a control channel for signaling and the other three are traffic channels. The number of accommodated subscribers in that ACS covering the zone calculated according to the Erlang-B model is as follows: Erlang per zone: (3 T-chs, GOS=5%) = 0.899 Er Subscribers (FSU or PSs): (0.899 ÷ 0.05) = 18 Subscribers 3.2.2 Group controlled ACSs Using a group configuration, up to eight ACSs in the same group share one Control Channel, which is useful for high traffic areas. One master ACS can control a maximum of seven slave ACSs in the same area. The master ACS has one control channel while the left 31 channels of these 8 ACSs are for traffic channels. RPCCchx 1Zone8 ACSsGroup Control OperationSlaveTchx 3Tchx 4MasterSlave Tchx 4Slave Tchx 4Slave Tchx 4Slave Tchx 4Slave Tchx 4Slave Tchx 4 Figure3-3 Group Control ACSs In an eight ACSs group control mode, the number of accommodated subscribers in the group control coverage zone is calculated in accordance with the Erlang-B model as follows: z Erlang per zone : (31 T-chs, GOS=5%) = 25.773 Er z Subscribers (FSU or PSs): (25.773 ÷ 0.05 ) = 515 Subscribers The comparison for the number of accommodated subscribers between the group controlled ACSs and non-group ACSs is shown in Figure3-4.
40mW ACS User Guide Technical Introduction iv PAS System SubscribersErlang Traffic CapacityNumber of ACS 10 5 63002001008 40.899(erl) 18 Subs £ºNon-group Control Operation £ºGroup Control Operation Note£º GOS = 5% 0.05Er/Subscriber 2 1 3 5 7504005000 15 20 25 1.798(erl) 36 Subs 3.988(erl) 80 Subs 2.697(erl)54 Subs7.076(erl)141 Subs3.596(erl)72 Subs.14.31(erl) 286 Subs.4.495(erl)90 Subs.10.633(erl)213 Subs.5.394(erl)108 Subs.18.08(erl) 361 Subs.6.293(erl) 126 Subs. 7.197(erl) 144 Subs. 21.094(erl) 422 Subs. 25.723(erl) 515 Subs. Figure3-4 Subscribers per ACS in Group and Non-group Control The deployment of ACSs are decided by the subscribers distribution: z In the area consist of clusters of small populations. Non-group method (i.e. Stand-alone ACS control mode) is introduced to use. z In the area of high-density populations. Group control mode is highly recommended to use. 3.3 Air Interface Each ACS provides one C-channel and 3 T-channels.
40mW ACS User Guide Technical Introduction v PAS System TDMA-TDD Frame (5ms)CS Transmission PHS PS Transmission CS PHS PS #2 PHS PS #3 PHS PS #1 CCH T2 T4CCH R4R2 T2 R2CCH R4T4 CCH: signaling channel T2,T4: communication channel (to transmit) R2,R4: communication chanenl (to receive) PAS Handset #1: signaling channel, waiting PAS Handset #2: 2nd time slot, calling PAS Handset #3: 4th time slot, calling T2 R2: transmission time slot: receiving time slot: idle time slot R2R4R4R4R2 Figure3-5 Wireless Channel Frame Structure The radio frequency channel allocation diagram shown in Figure3-5 depicts a typical wireless channel structure, where, 3 subscribers can communicate in single ACS control mode. The channels are not preassigned; channels are allocated automatically by a dynamic channel allocation system. It is an outstanding feature of the PAS system. With a settled algorithm, the system dynamically chooses a frequency from the available frequency resources as the communication carrier frequency, and timely adjusts the frequency as per the signal disturbance. In this sense, the PAS system is a slow frequency-hopping system. 3.4 Synchronization Technology The ACS in the system adopts air synchronization technology. Master ACS synchronizes with other master ACSs via GPS. By receiving the air synchronization signal from master ACS, slave ACS synchronize with master ACS. For RPC synchronization solution, please refer to “GSG2 user guide”. 3.5 Self-Adaptive Mode ACS is a kind of self-adaptive CS, which can adjust its transmission power. The transmission power ranged from 0mW to 200 mW can be adjusted on-line. 3.6 ACS Operation Mode ACS adopts the sending after detecting operation mode (receiving then sending). Before sending signals, ACS detects the utilization of the surrounding WIRELESS LOCAL LOOP radio channels. According to the signal strength of
40mW ACS User Guide Technical Introduction vi PAS System the occupied channel, ACS will appropriately assign the new voice channels. The unoccupied channels and channels with low signal strength are preferred to be taken as the new voice channels. Thus, the newly built WIRELESS LOCAL LOOP system will not affect the normal running of other systems. Moreover, the new system can easily come into use, so that the limited WIRELESS LOCAL LOOP frequency resources can be exploit scientifically and reasonably.
PAS System 4 Technical Specifications 4. Technical Specifications Table4-1 Indoor ACS Technical Specifications Item Specifications RF average output power 40mW (peak 230mW) Modulation Pi/4 QPSK Frequency 1880.15 MHz --- 1909.85 MHz Dynamic sensitivity ≤-97dBm Antenna (diversity) Indoor antenna (2 branches) 2.14dBi Air interface Based on RCR STD-28 release 2/3.3 RPC interface 2B+D Voice encoding rate 32kbit/s (ADPCM) Maximum connection length from RPC to ACS 3.5 km(φ0.4mm) 5 km (φ0.5mm) Power 4 W Temperature -10°C∼50°C Operating requirements Humidity <95% (no condensing) Table 4-2 Outdoor Type Technical Specifications Item Specifications RF average output power 40mW (peak 230mW) Dynamic sensitivity ≤-97dBm Modulation Pi/4 QPSK Frequency 1880.15 MHz --- 1909.85 MHz Antennae (diversity) Outdoor antenna (2 branches) 7.2dBi/4.5dBi Air interface Based on RCR STD-28 release 2/3.3 RPC interface 2B+D Voice encoding rate 32kbit/s (ADPCM)
40mW CS User Manual Technical Specifications ii PAS System Item Specifications Maximum connection length from RPC to ACS 3.5 km(φ0.4mm) 5 km (φ0.5mm) Power 4 W Temperature -10°C∼50°C Operating requirements Humidity <95% (no condensing) US Federal Communications Commission (FCC) Warnings: This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class A digital device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference when this equipment is operated in a commercial environment. This equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the instruction manual, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. Operation of this equipment in a residential area is likely to cause harmful interference in which case the user will be required to correct the interference at his own expense. Any changes or modifications not expressly approved by the party responsible for compliance could void the user’s authority to operate the equipment. This device cannot be collocated with other transmitter. RF Exposure Statement: To maintain compliance with the FCC`s RF exposure guidelines, please keep the device at least 20cm from human body

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