Wave Wireless Networking SL9101A Spread Spectrum Transmitter User Manual USERS MANUAL 1

Wave Wireless Networking Spread Spectrum Transmitter USERS MANUAL 1

USERS MANUAL 1

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SPEEDLAN 9000
SPEEDLAN 9000 Series
Installation and Operation User Guide Version 3.03
Last Revised: July 3, 2003
A SPE EDCOM WI RELES S CORPORATION
Copyright/Liability
Copyright ©2002, 2003. Wave Wireless Networking. All rights reserved. SPEEDCOM, SPEEDSignal and SPEEDView are
registered trademarks of Wave Wireless Networking. SPEEDLAN, Wave Wireless Networking and the Wave Wireless
Networking logo are trademarks of Wave Wireless Networking. All other trademarks mentioned in this document are the
property of their respective owners.
Contents of this publication may be preliminary and/or may be changed at any time without notice and shall not be
regarded as a warranty.
For more information, contact Wave Wireless Networking at:
Wave Wireless Networking
7020 Professional Parkway East
Sarasota, FL 34240
www.wavewireless.com
Technical Support
941-907-2300 (phone)
941-355-0219 (fax)
-1
SPEEDLAN 9000 Series Installation and Operation User Guide
Version 3.03
Chapter 1 - Introduction................................................................................... 1-1
Features and Benefits ................................................................................................................. 1-2
SPEEDLAN 9000 Series Features ......................................................................................... 1-2
ISP Functionality................................................................................................................. 1-3
IP Router Functionality ........................................................................................................ 1-3
Network Management ........................................................................................................ 1-3
Features (and Benefits)........................................................................................................ 1-4
Equipment Features ................................................................................................................... 1-5
SPEEDLAN Polling Protocol -- How it Works ................................................................................ 1- 6
Point-to-Point Functionality.................................................................................................. 1-6
Point-to-Multipoint Functionality .......................................................................................... 1-6
SPEEDLAN 9000 Mesh Protocol -- How It Works in Mesh Clouds .................................................. 1-8
SPEEDLAN’s Mesh Cloud Architecture................................................................................ 1-10
SPEEDLAN 9000 Mesh Core Components ......................................................................... 1-10
Network Expansion: Connecting Buildings in a SPEEDLAN 9000 Network............................. 1-12
What’s New for Version 3.03.................................................................................................... 1-14
What’s New for Version 3.0...................................................................................................... 1-15
Contacting Technical Support ................................................................................................... 1-18
Chapter 2 SPEEDLAN 9101, 9102, 9103 & 9104 Hardware ........................... 2-1
Rooftop and Tower Installations Warning ..................................................................................... 2-2
General Safety Requirements for Installation of SPEEDLAN 9000 Models........................................ 2-2
Hardware Overview ................................................................................................................... 2-3
Drawings of Outdoor, Remote-Mounted Components .................................................................. 2-4
Indoor Junction Box............................................................................................................ 2-4
The SPEEDLAN 9101(with an Integrated 8 dBi Omni)............................................................ 2-5
SPEEDLAN 9104 (with 5 dBi Omni) ..................................................................................... 2-6
Bottom View of SPEEDLAN 9101/9104................................................................................ 2-7
System Description ............................................................................................................. 2-7
Package Contents ............................................................................................................. 2-7
Installation Steps for the SPEEDLAN 9101/9104 ................................................................... 2-8
Installation Diagram of the SPEEDLAN 9101/9104............................................................. 2-10
The SPEEDLAN 9102 and 9103 (CPE and Base Station Use)....................................................... 2-12
As a 9102 CPE/Point-to-Point with Grid or Directional Antenna ........................................... 2-12
As a Base Station with Sectoral Antenna ............................................................................. 2-13
As a Base Station with High-Gain Omni Antenna................................................................ 2-14
Bottom View of SPEEDLAN 9102 and 9103 ....................................................................... 2-15
System Description ........................................................................................................... 2-15
Package Contents ............................................................................................................ 2-15
Installation Steps for the SPEEDLAN 9102 and 9103........................................................... 2-16
9102/9103 Installation Diagram....................................................................................... 2-22
Chapter 3 - General Functions of the Configurator ...................................... 3-1
Manual Initial Configuration of the SPEEDLAN 9000 .................................................................... 3-2
Prerequisites ...................................................................................................................... 3-2
Connecting a SPEEDLAN 9000 and a Client PC ................................................................... 3-3
Configuring the SPEEDLAN 9000 ........................................................................................ 3-5
Contents-1
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Wireless Interface IP Address Assignment.............................................................................. 3-6
Automating the Configuration of Multiple SPEEDLAN 9000s .................................................. 3-6
Completing Configuration .................................................................................................. 3-6
Adding Additional SPEEDLAN 9000s to the Wired Network ................................................... 3-6
Overview of the SPEEDLAN 9000 Configurator General Main Menu ............................................. 3-7
Logging on the SPEEDLAN 9000 Configurator ........................................................................... 3-10
Classes of Users (and Passwords) ...................................................................................... 3-10
Logging On..................................................................................................................... 3-11
Logging Off..................................................................................................................... 3-13
Understanding the Security Alert Screens ............................................................................ 3-13
After Logging On ............................................................................................................. 3-17
Helpful Information to Know... .................................................................................................. 3-18
How do you select the router? ........................................................................................... 3-18
References on Setting Up the Router .................................................................................. 3-18
Caching - viewing the most recent version of a page........................................................... 3-18
Session Activity................................................................................................................. 3-19
9000 Firmware Updates, SPEEDView or Other Utility Programs............................................ 3-20
If You Need a Temporary IP Address.................................................................................. 3-20
The Configuration Menu .......................................................................................................... 3-20
Network Menu ........................................................................................................................ 3-20
Network Interfaces ........................................................................................................... 3-20
IP Address Configuration .................................................................................................. 3-20
Virtual Addresses.............................................................................................................. 3-24
System Menu........................................................................................................................... 3-25
Configuration Summary.................................................................................................... 3-25
Version............................................................................................................................ 3-28
Host Name...................................................................................................................... 3-29
Password......................................................................................................................... 3-30
Reboot ............................................................................................................................ 3-31
Routing Menu.......................................................................................................................... 3-31
Def Gateway ................................................................................................................... 3-32
RIP2 Setup....................................................................................................................... 3-33
RIP Settings ...................................................................................................................... 3-34
Route Table ..................................................................................................................... 3-36
Static Route ..................................................................................................................... 3-37
DHCP Server Menu.................................................................................................................. 3-39
How DHCP Assigns an IP Address ..................................................................................... 3-39
Basic Instructions for Setting Up DHCP on an Interface ........................................................ 3-40
Elements Defined on the General and Known Client Pages .................................................. 3-44
Viewing Log Messages...................................................................................................... 3-47
Status.............................................................................................................................. 3-47
DHCP Relay Menu................................................................................................................... 3-47
Forwarding Menu .................................................................................................................... 3-48
Services........................................................................................................................... 3-49
Three Features of NAT ............................................................................................................. 3-54
Address Sharing ............................................................................................................... 3-56
Internal Servers ................................................................................................................ 3-58
1:1 NAT.......................................................................................................................... 3-60
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Version 3.03
Firewall................................................................................................................................... 3-61
IP Sessions .............................................................................................................................. 3-66
Diagnostics Menu (Troubleshooting the Network) ....................................................................... 3-67
Interface Statistics............................................................................................................. 3-68
ARP Table........................................................................................................................ 3-70
ICMP Statistics ................................................................................................................. 3-71
Admin Menu ........................................................................................................................... 3-73
User Configuration........................................................................................................... 3-74
Permissions...................................................................................................................... 3-74
Software Update .............................................................................................................. 3-76
Support ........................................................................................................................... 3-77
Current Sessions .............................................................................................................. 3-79
Chapter 4 - Using the Configurator to Set Up Special Parameters
for a Base Station............................................................................................. 4-1
Network Menu .......................................................................................................................... 4-2
Interfaces for Base Mode .................................................................................................... 4-2
Wireless menu......................................................................................................................... 4-10
Channel and Rates........................................................................................................... 4-10
Max Tx Retries and Signaling Rate Fallback ........................................................................ 4-12
Max Throughput (Regulating Bandwidth) ............................................................................ 4-14
Admin Menu ........................................................................................................................... 4-15
Remote Control ............................................................................................................... 4-15
Software Update .............................................................................................................. 4-16
Updating the Software on a Base Station and CPE .............................................................. 4-17
Chapter 5 - Using the Configurator to Set Up Special Parameters
for CPE Routers................................................................................................ 5-1
Network Menu .......................................................................................................................... 5-2
Interfaces for CPE Mode ..................................................................................................... 5-2
Base Station Information ..................................................................................................... 5-3
Authentication.................................................................................................................... 5-4
Wireless menu........................................................................................................................... 5-5
Channel and Rates............................................................................................................. 5-6
Max Tx Retries and Signaling Rate Fallback .......................................................................... 5-8
Max Throughput (Regulating Bandwidth) ............................................................................ 5-10
Admin Menu ........................................................................................................................... 5-11
Software Update .............................................................................................................. 5-11
Chapter 6 - Using the Configurator to Set Up Special Parameters
for Point-to-Point Routers ............................................................................... 6-1
Network Menu .......................................................................................................................... 6-2
Interfaces for Point-to-Point Mode........................................................................................ 6-2
Point-to-Point Settings......................................................................................................... 6-3
Primary Station Information ................................................................................................. 6-6
Authenticating a Point-to-Point Secondary Router Only .......................................................... 6-6
Contents-3
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Wireless menu........................................................................................................................... 6-7
Configuration for Point-to-Point........................................................................................... 6-7
Channel and Rates............................................................................................................. 6-8
Max Tx Retries and Signaling Rate Fallback ........................................................................ 6-10
Max Throughput (Regulating Bandwidth) ............................................................................ 6-12
Admin Menu ........................................................................................................................... 6-13
Remote Control for Point-to-Point Primary Routers............................................................... 6-13
Software Update for Point-to-Point Primary or Secondary Routers ......................................... 6-13
Updating the Software on a Local Router and Remote Router: Primary Mode Only................. 6-15
Chapter 7 - Using the Configurator to Set Up Special Parameters
for Mesh Routers.............................................................................................. 7-1
Network Menu .......................................................................................................................... 7-2
Interfaces for Mesh Mode ................................................................................................... 7-2
Mesh Nodes ...................................................................................................................... 7-3
Security ............................................................................................................................. 7-3
Wireless menu........................................................................................................................... 7-5
Configuration .................................................................................................................... 7-5
Channel and Rates............................................................................................................. 7-6
Max Tx Retries and Signaling Rate Fallback .......................................................................... 7-8
Max Tx Retries.................................................................................................................... 7-8
Signaling Rate Fallback ...................................................................................................... 7-9
Max Throughput (Regulating Bandwidth) ............................................................................ 7-10
Receive (Rx) Threshold Parameter ...................................................................................... 7-11
Blocked Links ................................................................................................................... 7-12
Admin Menu ........................................................................................................................... 7-13
Remote Control ............................................................................................................... 7-13
Software Update .............................................................................................................. 7-14
Updating the Software on a Local Router and Remote Router ............................................... 7-15
Chapter 8 - Using SPEEDView ........................................................................ 8-1
What is SPEEDView? .................................................................................................................. 8-2
System Requirements.................................................................................................................. 8-2
Installation Instructions ............................................................................................................... 8-2
Starting SPEEDView.................................................................................................................... 8-3
Star Network...................................................................................................................... 8-6
Mesh Network .................................................................................................................. 8-7
The Program Instructions ............................................................................................................ 8-8
The Main Tab............................................................................................................................ 8-8
The Main Tab Icons............................................................................................................ 8-9
The Node, Link, View and Stats Menus (on the Main tab)..................................................... 8-11
Buttons (on the Main tab)................................................................................................. 8-12
Performing a Bandwidth Test ............................................................................................. 8-14
Performing a Ping Test...................................................................................................... 8-15
Accessing the Statistics Tabs on Bottom of Main Tab ........................................................... 8-16
Options Tab............................................................................................................................ 8-22
Contents-4
SPEEDLAN 9000 Series Installation and Operation User Guide
Version 3.03
Chapter 9 - Basics of IP Addressing .............................................................. 9-1
Basics of IP Addressing............................................................................................................... 9-2
What is an IP address? ....................................................................................................... 9-2
Internet Address Classes ..................................................................................................... 9-2
Subnetting a Network ......................................................................................................... 9-5
How does a network administrator assign an IP address? ...................................................... 9-7
What is DHCP?.................................................................................................................. 9-8
What is NAT? .................................................................................................................... 9-9
NAPT .............................................................................................................................. 9-10
Diagram of Outgoing NAT ............................................................................................... 9-11
Diagram of Incoming NAT ................................................................................................ 9-12
Basics of Routing ..................................................................................................................... 9-13
Glossary for Standard Data Communications................................Glossary - 1
Glossary for Standard Data Communications 2
Appendices
Changing the Router's Topology Mode ..........................................................................Appendix A-2
What is IP Recovery?....................................................................................................Appendix A-2
Installing the IP Recovery Program .................................................................................Appendix B-2
System Requirements ............................................................................................Appendix B-2
Installation Instructions..........................................................................................Appendix B-2
Starting IP Recovery ..............................................................................................Appendix B-3
Setting a Temporary IP Address .............................................................................Appendix B-5
Transmit Power Test..............................................................................................Appendix B-6
SPEEDLAN 9000 Configurator and SPEEDSignal Passwords ........................................... Appendix C-2
SPEEDView Passwords ................................................................................................. Appendix C-3
IP Recovery Password .................................................................................................. Appendix C-4
Rooftop and Tower Installations Warning .............................................................. Appendix D-2
General Safety Requirements for Installation of SPEEDLAN 9000 Models ................. Appendix D-2
Manufacturer Information............................................................................................ Appendix D-3
Regulatory Information ................................................................................................ Appendix D-3
Declaration of Conformity for RF Exposure ............................................................ Appendix D-4
Manufacturers Canadian (IC) Declaration of Conformity Statement ......................... Appendix D-4
European Telecommunications Standards Institute (CE) Statement of Compliance..... Appendix D-5
Radio Approvals ......................................................................................................... Appendix D-6
9000 Series Technical Specifications ............................................................................. Appendix E-2
9000 Series Product Model Information......................................................................... Appendix E-4
Contents-5
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SPEEDLAN 9000 Series Installation and Operation User Guide
What is SPEEDSignal?.................................................................................................. Appendix F-2
How This Document is Structured .................................................................................. Appendix F-2
How to Install SPEEDSignal on a Desktop PC ................................................................. Appendix F-2
How to Install SPEEDSignal on a Pocket PC PDA ............................................................ Appendix F-4
Enabling/Disabling SPEEDSignal (for Pocket PC PDAs).................................................... Appendix F-7
Opening SPEEDSignal on the Desktop PC ..................................................................... Appendix F-8
Opening SPEEDSignal on the Pocket PC PDA ................................................................ Appendix F-9
SPEEDSignal’s Scanned Results ................................................................................... Appendix F-10
Adjusting SPEEDSignal Settings............................................................................ Appendix F-11
How To Exit SPEEDSignal on the Pocket PC PDA .......................................................... Appendix F-13
Troubleshooting ........................................................................................................ Appendix F-14
Contents-6
Chapter 1
Introduction
Note: All cross references in the Adobe PDF contain hyperlinks.
Version 3.03
SPEEDLAN 9000 Series Installation and Operation User Guide
Features and Benefits
SPEEDLAN 9000 Series Features
The SPEEDLAN® 9000 series offers the network manager unsurpassed flexibility in
meeting the challenges of designing, building and managing today's wireless
broadband networks. Because the 9000 series routers support mesh, star and buildingto-building topologies, they provide the network manager powerful tools to build
complex networks. This allows wireless broadband networks and services to be
extended on a greater scale, and to connect more buildings than ever before. The
9000 series are all remote-mounted 11 Mb/s routers. These routers are installed on
the building’s rooftop to help reduce signal loss.
In a mesh topology, the SPEEDLAN 9000 routes traffic around physical limitations,
eliminating the line-of-sight (LOS) issue present in star topology-only networks. Each
mesh router will communicate with other mesh routers in a radius of up to 2 miles
depending upon the model and signaling rate selected. This creates a multi-hop IP
routed cloud: self-healing, load balancing, and scalable network. By removing LOS
issues caused by large buildings, hills, and other obstructions, service providers can
reduce network deployment costs while maximizing their broadband wireless
investment and reach new markets that could otherwise not be served.
In a star topology, the 9000 router can act as a polling central base station or as a
remote Customer Premise Equipment (CPE), which is polled by a base station. This
process helps overcome problems inherent to 802.11-based products with hidden
transmitters, conserve wireless bandwidth and reduce equipment costs as well.
The SPEEDLAN 9000 series is an all-in-one solution allowing a multitude of network
options for the service provider to offer a variety of network options: point-to-point,
point-to-multipoint, and self-healing mesh. For information on the type of routers
included in the SPEEDLAN 9000 series, see Equipment Features, page 1-5. For more
information on point-to-point and point-to-multipoint networks, see SPEEDLAN Polling
Protocol -- How it Works, page 1-6. For more information about mesh, see SPEEDLAN
9000 Mesh Protocol -- How It Works in Mesh Clouds, page 1-8.
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ISP Functionality
The SPEEDLAN 9000 products are tailored to fit the needs of Internet Service Providers
and Broadband Telecommunications Providers. Two features particularly useful to
Internet Service providers are Network Address Translation (NAT) and Dynamic Host
Configuration Protocol (DHCP). NAT helps to ensure network security and allows an
entire company to share a single global IP address for communication on the Internet.
This enables companies to communicate with other devices on the Internet. DHCP
servers provide efficient use of IP addresses by assigning them dynamically or statically
to the wireless router location. DHCP allows network administrators to dynamically
assign IP addresses for the period of time needed to connect to the Internet or network.
By providing a DHCP server within the CPE and the base station, the SPEEDLAN 9000
series allows the DHCP transactions to be handled locally at the remote building. This
reduces the load on the entire wireless network.
IP Router Functionality
The SPEEDLAN 9000 is a highly configurable wireless IP router which supports both
star and mesh topologies. In addition to being configurable via a standard web
browser, the router also includes an "at a glance" network monitoring/analysis tool to
allow constant feedback of the network as a whole.
Network Management
•
SPEEDView® is a flexible Windows-based management tool that allows you to
quickly isolate and resolve network problems. SPEEDView gives you an "at-aglance" view of your network, presenting you all of the nodes on the network.
Network managers can monitor local and remote SPEEDLAN 9000 nodes
from a central location, or from any location on the network. SPEEDView also
allows you to troubleshoot network bugs and non-existent physical
connections. You can also perform bandwidth and diagnostic tests.
•
The SPEEDLAN® 9000 Configurator is a web-based management tool that
allows a network manager to configure routers.
Other Helpful Tools
•
Introduction
SPEEDSignal™ allows you to communicate with SPEEDLAN 9000 routers via
their wireless or wired interface. Since the wireless version runs on a Pocket PC
Personal Digital Assistant, installers can easily troubleshoot antenna alignment
problems in the field.
1-3
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SPEEDLAN 9000 Series Installation and Operation User Guide
•
If you changed the IP address on the router and forgot it, you can find the
configured IP address of the Ethernet interface using the IP Recovery
application.
Features (and Benefits)
•
11Mb/s radio (High performance and low cost)
•
2.4 GHz License-free ISM band (No lengthy licensing delays)
•
Mesh and Star topologies (Maximum network flexibility)
•
NAT & DHCP server/client (Secure and efficient network)
•
SPEEDView (Troubleshoot network problems)
•
Web-based configuration
•
SPEEDView, a flexible Windows-based network management tool, gives you
an "at-a-glance" view of all nodes on a network
•
Multihop, Self-healing (Increased network stability and performance)
•
Polling base station (Robust performance)
•
AES 128-bit encryption (Trusted data security)
•
SPEEDSignal (Antenna alignment)
•
IP Recovery (Creating a temporary IP address)
Note: Advanced Encryption Standard was adopted by the National Institute of
Standards and Technology in October of 2000. AES presents a new level in computer
networking security, especially important in wireless communications because wireless
circuits are easier to tap than their hard-wired counterparts. AES is more difficult to
crack than its predecessor Data Encryption Standard. SPEEDLAN 9000 products use an
AES 128-bit encryption key. Encryption Note! A Web browser must support
128 bit encryption in order to be used with SPEEDLAN 9000
Configurator. For more information about AES, visit http://www.nist.gov.
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Introduction
SPEEDLAN 9000 Series Installation and Operation User Guide
Version 3.03
Equipment Features
The SPEEDLAN 9000 series offers all the equipment you need to meet your connectivity
requirements:
•
SPEEDLAN 9101 (for business or residential): A router used in a non-lineof-sight pico cell (using the Mesh protocol). This router contains an integrated
8 dBi, omni antenna which is directly attached on the top. You do not need an
additional external antenna. In addition, the parameters are configured with
the Mesh protocol in the SPEEDLAN 9000 Configurator. This router uses an
integrated 8 dBi omni-directional antenna. This type of self-healing Mesh
topology process helps you reach buildings that do not have a clear line-ofsight back to the base station without the possibility of interference from hidden transmitters. For more information on this topic, see SPEEDLAN 9000
Mesh Protocol -- How It Works in Mesh Clouds, page 1-8.
•
SPEEDLAN 9102: This model can be configured as Customer Premise
Equipment (CPE) at one end of the point-to-point or point-to-multipoint link. It
could also be configured as a mesh router in a mesh cloud (via an external
omni). (This router is also referred to as a "Flexnode" because it is a star (CPE)
and mesh topology solution.)
•
SPEEDLAN 9103: This model is pre-configured as a base station but can be
reconfigured to function as a CPE router or as one end of a point-to-point or
point-to-multipoint link. The 9103 can also be configured as a mesh node via
an external omni.
•
SPEEDLAN 9104 (for residental applications only): The 9104 contains all
of the following features of the 9101 except RIP routing. The 9104 uses an
integrated 5 dBi omni and is intended for residential applications. This router
also supports one device on the local interface as well.
The SPEEDLAN 9000 series is housed in a waterproof, cast enclosure that mounts
outside the building, on a mast, or tower. The 9000 series allows up to 300’ of
specialized, outdoor Ethernet cable to be used between the LAN and the RF device,
without loss of any radio signal. This increases the effective wireless link distance and
reduces or even eliminates the need for an amplifier.
Introduction
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SPEEDLAN 9000 Series Installation and Operation User Guide
SPEEDLAN Polling Protocol -- How it Works
K2 is the name of the Wave Wireless’ polling protocol. It enables communication
between a base station and a CPE router. A base station continuously polls CPE routers
and tells them where and when to send data. CPE routers only transmit when polled by
the base station, maximizing available bandwidth and preventing "hidden node"
problems common with 802.11b based products.
Enterprise customers may use the SPEEDLAN 9000 star products to provide point-topoint and point-to-multipoint connectivity between buildings that are within line-of-sight
(LOS).
Point-to-Point Functionality
Figure 1-1: SPEEDView illustrating a point-to-point network
The point-to-point network is the simplest form of the fixed wireless network: a single
link between two wireless routers having line-of-sight (as shown in Figure 1-1 on
page 1-6). A fixed wireless building-to-building connection is a common alternative to
leased lines and trenching cable or fiber. Point-to-point links work well for dedicated
connections but limit network expansion. If any of the routers are unable to see each
other, a base station must be used to repeat traffic to the next router in line.
For a simple point-to-point link, use two 9102 routers.
Point-to-Multipoint Functionality
A point-to-multipoint network consists of a group of routers (Customer Premise
Equipment, hereon abbreviated as CPE) and a base station. The network is based on a
star topology (as shown in Figure 1-2 on page 1-7), thus CPE routers must have clear
LOS to a base station. A base station acts as the "traffic cop" within the network, making
use of the K2 polling protocol in order to control the flow of data between buildings.
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SPEEDLAN 9000 Series Installation and Operation User Guide
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The amount of traffic a CPE is allowed to transmit within each poll interval changes
dynamically based on configuration information and the network wide traffic mix at any
specific point in time.
Figure 1-2: SPEEDView illustrating a point-to-multipoint network
Using SPEEDView, Figure 1-2 on page 1-7, illustrates a point-to-multipoint network. A
base station (indicated by blue square in the middle) polls each CPE and controls when
and which CPE can transmit.
Introduction
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SPEEDLAN 9000 Mesh Protocol -- How It Works in Mesh
Clouds
Figure 1-3: SPEEDView illustrating a mesh network
SPEEDLAN 9000 routers provide the unique ability to "self-heal" the wireless network as
the topography changes over time, thereby increasing the overall stability and
performance of the network while allowing traffic to reach buildings blocked by
obstructions of line-of-sight.
What is happening in Figure 1-3 on page 1-8?
1-8
•
You will notice negative numbers next to the routers, or referred to as nodes
on the network diagram. These numbers represent the receive signal strength
(expressed as dBm) for the links in the network diagram.
•
The black dots in a mesh network diagram indicate a trace route, which maps
out the current data flow between the selected pair of nodes. A user would
select the trace feature to view the data flow between a node pair (for mesh
networks only).
Introduction
SPEEDLAN 9000 Series Installation and Operation User Guide
Version 3.03
•
This illustration also shows that every router in the mesh cloud can be heard by
every other router in the cloud, except for the link represented with a red,
dashed line indicating that there is no signal between those two nodes.
SPEEDView allows you to block traffic over any link in the cloud. This is done
using the "Block" feature. The broken (or disconnected) link will appear as a
red, dashed line. This link also appears when there is no signal between two
nodes.
•
SPEEDView can also be used to perform bandwidth, link and ping tests.
Routing Around Obstacles
Obstacle
Figure 1-4: Routing around obstacles
Explaining this scenario on the simplest level (using the Mesh protocol as shown in
Figure 1-4 on page 1-9). A can route a packet to B, despite the tree obstruction (block
of trees) within the path. How does this procedure work?
A has line-of-sight to C but not to B.
C has line-of-sight to A and to B.
The most efficient path in this case is to hop from A to C to B.
Note: No manual programming is required because A automatically detects its
neighboring router (in this case C, and B and detect a clear path to C). Therefore, the
packet is successfully routed around the obstacle between B and A.
This process creates a more scalable, flexible, and extended wireless network (as shown
in Network Expansion: Connecting Buildings in a SPEEDLAN 9000 Network,
page 1-12).
Introduction
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SPEEDLAN’s Mesh Cloud Architecture
Separate multi-user and residential models (SPEEDLAN 9101 for business and
residential use, as well as the SPEEDLAN 9104 for residential use) are specifically
designed to meet the connectivity demands for everyone from single users to large
corporations. These models will communicate with every other mesh router within an
unobstructed 1/4 mile radius to a 1/2 mile radius.
Figure 1-5: An example of a mesh network
SPEEDLAN 9000 Mesh Core Components
SPEEDLAN 9000 Mesh protocol includes three central components which are neighbor
discovery, topology updates, and routing.
Neighbor Discovery
Neighbor discovery occurs when each router sends a broadcast "hello" message to
detect those routers to which it has line-of-sight. The "hello" sender acknowledges those
replies, whereupon the sender and the neighboring router add each other to their
respective active neighbor lists. Neighbor discovery protocol messages are sent by each
router on startup and periodically thereafter. The periodic messages are required to
determine when a former neighbor can no longer be reached, whereupon it is removed
from the active neighbor list. Neighbor discovery messages are relatively short and are
sent infrequently enough that they don't constitute significant overhead.
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Introduction
SPEEDLAN 9000 Series Installation and Operation User Guide
Version 3.03
Topology Updates
When a router adds or deletes a neighbor to or from its active neighbor list, it
propagates that information to the rest of the routers in the wireless mesh LAN. Unlike
classic wired routing protocols, topology update notifications are not flooded. Instead
they are sent via a spanning tree, such that each router receives only one notification of
a particular event. (A brief explanation of the spanning tree algorithm is explained in
the note below.) This approach also conserves bandwidth for use in forwarding user
traffic. Since each router knows the topology of the entire wireless LAN, it can
determine the shortest path to each peer router in the wireless LAN.
Note: In short, the spanning tree algorithm enables units to dynamically locate a
subset of the topology that is loop-free. The spanning tree algorithm determines the
best path a unit can use to send a message.
Routing
Routing is simply the act of forwarding a received Internet Protocol (IP) datagram (a
block of data) toward its destination. The router compares the destination IP address to
entries in its routing table. If the destination is a wireless neighbor or a node connected
to the router's wired LAN, the router sends the datagram directly to the destination.
Otherwise, it sends the datagram to another router, which must be on the wired LAN or
be a wireless neighbor.
In wired broadcast LANs, all routers on the LAN can hear each other. Therefore, a
datagram only passes through a router when it is moving from one LAN to another LAN
along the path to its destination. In a mesh wireless LAN, not all routers can hear each
other. Therefore, a router within a wireless LAN may forward a datagram to a neighbor
router within the same wireless LAN, in order to send the datagram toward its
destination. For each datagram, the routing algorithm minimizes the number of routerto-router hops within the wireless LAN, thereby also conserving bandwidth for other
user traffic.
Introduction
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SPEEDLAN 9000 Series Installation and Operation User Guide
Why SPEEDLAN Outperforms Other Routing Equipment
The SPEEDLAN 9000 outperforms other routers because the SPEEDLAN 9000 routing
table broadcasts only the information that changed, such as when new routes are
added or old routes are removed from the network. This information is sent to the
router's immediate neighbors along the most efficient path to the end destination. This
process helps conserve bandwidth. If an existing path is modified in some way, by the
addition or deletion of a router, a SPEEDLAN 9000 using the Mesh protocol can
monitor its routing table to decide if a secondary path should be taken. One could call
this a "self-healing" network, which means it finds a secondary route through the
network without manually reprogramming the routers.
Network Expansion: Connecting Buildings in a SPEEDLAN
9000 Network
SectorPRC Base Station Link
Self-healing Mesh Network
Mesh Link
Mesh Pico Cell
Figure 1-6: Expanding the network
Using a mix of wireless technologies, SPEEDLAN makes it possible to design a Wireless
Metropolitan Area Network (WMAN) capable of delivering high-speed Internet services
to a variety of buildings. In Figure 1-6 on page 1-12, the ISP has installed three polling
base stations, two high-speed microwave links, and several SPEEDLAN 9000 routers.
1-12
Introduction
SPEEDLAN 9000 Series Installation and Operation User Guide
Version 3.03
Broadband Backbone Links
The two-high speed microwave links (50 to 155 Mb/s) provide full-duplex broadband
backbone links to other areas of the MAN. These microwave links provide the
necessary bandwidth for network expansion and eliminate bottlenecks. Service
providers can save money because they will no longer have to depend on backhaul
support from the wired telecommunications infrastructures. The three polling base
stations (represented by red-dashed links) create a broadband wireless MAN, while
operating independently from the telecommunications infrastructure. The three base
stations have been installed on three non-overlapping 2.4 GHz channels, providing 11
Mb/s of connectivity to three sectors of the network. This effectively gives the ISP base
station (e.g., about a 33 Mb/s if using a 100 Mb/s backbone) from which to increase
the network penetration and user density. Each remote base station would use
directional antennas to achieve maximum distance and to prevent interference from the
other base stations. These sectorized base stations then connect to other SPEEDLAN
9000 products, which are located in mesh clouds throughout the sectors. (In Figure 16 on page 1-12, the mesh clouds are represented inside the yellow circles; the mesh
routers in the cloud are represented with blue-dashed links.) As a provider's network
grows, connections may be expanded incrementally to create entire wireless
metropolitan area networks.
Introduction
1-13
Version 3.03
SPEEDLAN 9000 Series Installation and Operation User Guide
What’s New for Version 3.03
The following fixes apply to Version 3.03:
1-14
NAPT Forwarding
Rule During Update
If you upgrade from version 2.x to 3.x, verify that
your forwarding rules are displayed correctly on the
Internal Servers page. If your forwarding rule
appears as an "Unknown" service, define the
service on the Services page.
Problem with
SPEEDView TCP
Dump
Fixed a bug that prevented SPEEDVIEW from
performing a TCPDUMP on a link that had been
encrypted. This only applies to Star mode.
Problem with
Address Sharing
During Update
Fixed a bug (affecting only Version 3.00) in the
update process that prevented the transfer of
existing NAPT rules to Address Sharing rules.
Reboot Removed
NAT Rules
Fixed a bug (affecting only Version 3.00) that
removed NAT rules after a reboot.
Introduction
SPEEDLAN 9000 Series Installation and Operation User Guide
Version 3.03
What’s New for Version 3.0
New Features:
Firewall
The SPEEDLAN 9000 (via the SPEEDLAN 9000
Configurator) allows you to control incoming and
outgoing traffic. A firewall prevents unauthorized
access to a network. Utilizing the SPEEDLAN 9000
Configurator, SPEEDLAN 9000 routers can
increase security and provide additional support to
users of the network. The firewall function is
located under the Forwarding menu. For more
information, see Firewall, page 3-61.
SPEEDSignal for
Pocket PC PDA
SPEEDSignal can now communicate with
SPEEDLAN 9000 routers via their wireless
interface. Since this version runs on a Pocket PC
Personal Digital Assistant (PDA), installers can
easily troubleshoot antenna alignment problems in
the field. For more information, see What is
SPEEDSignal?, Appendix F-2.
Enhancements in the SPEEDLAN 9000 Configurator for Version 3.0:
IP Address
Configuration
The "TCP/IP Configuration" page has been
renamed "IP Address Configuration". This page is
under the Network menu. For more information,
see IP Address Configuration, page 3-20.
Virtual Addresses
Virtual addresses are IP addresses (usually public)
that the SPEEDLAN 9000 router can use in
addition to the IP addresses assigned to each of its
network interfaces. Virtual addresses are normally
used to preserve public IP addresses when a
limited number is available.
Previously, virtual addresses were implicitly created
when referenced in a NAT rule. Version 3.0
requires explicit creation of a virtual address prior
to referencing it. This page is under the Network /
IP Addresses menu. For more information, see
Virtual Addresses, page 3-24.
Introduction
1-15
Version 3.03
1-16
SPEEDLAN 9000 Series Installation and Operation User Guide
Configuration
Summary
The new functions from the Forwarding menu have
been added to the Configuration Summary. The
Configuration Summary is under the System menu.
For more information, see Configuration Summary,
page 3-25.
DHCP Server
Timestamps are now reported in client time.
Timestamps track the date and time for each event
in the log. The timestamps are recorded on the Log
Messages page under the DHCP Server menu. For
more information, see DHCP Server Menu,
page 3-39.
Introduction
SPEEDLAN 9000 Series Installation and Operation User Guide
New Forwarding
Menu
Version 3.03
Use this menu to control how traffic is forwarded
through the router. These features are available
under the Forwarding menu:
-Services: Use this enhancement to define a
network service (e.g., web server, FTP and email
server) between the client and server nodes on your
network. When you create a service, you will be
allowed to forward public services inward to the
internal (privately addressed) servers on your
network.
-Address Sharing: This enhancement allows an
administrator to share a public IP address with
privately addressed network nodes.
-Internal Servers: The enhancement allows an
administrator to make a service available from an
IP address, even though the owner of the IP
address may not be actually providing the service.
-1:1 NAT: This enhancement allows an
administrator to statically map a public IP address
to the private IP address of one of the nodes on
your network. This is useful when trying to preserve
a limited number of public IP addresses on the
WAN network.
-IP Sessions: The SPEEDLAN 9000 firewall offers
stateful packet filtering. IP Sessions allows you to
view sessions whose state is currently active.
For more information on these enhancements, see
Forwarding Menu, page 3-48.
Introduction
1-17
Version 3.03
SPEEDLAN 9000 Series Installation and Operation User Guide
Contacting Technical Support
For more information, contact Wave Wireless Networking at:
7020 Professional Parkway East
Sarasota, FL 34240
941-907-2300 (phone)
941-355-0219 (fax)
www.wavewireless.com
Note: Registered customers should check our web site on a regular basis for updates,
router firmware, SPEEDView, and other utility programs. If you haven't registered your
products yet, you may do so by visiting the Wave Wireless Website "Support" directory."
1-18
Introduction
Chapter 2
SPEEDLAN 9101, 9102,
9103 & 9104
Hardware
Version 3.03
SPEEDLAN 9000 Series Installation and Operation User Guide
Rooftop and Tower Installations Warning
Rooftop, tower, and other mounted location equipment installations are extremely
dangerous and incorrect installation can result in death, injury, or property damage.
General Safety Requirements for Installation of SPEEDLAN
9000 Models
2-2
The AC power socket outlet should be installed near the switching power
supply and junction box.
It is recommended that replacement of the battery which is soldered to the PC
board should be done by manufacturer or professional installer.
CAUTION: THERE IS RISK OF EXPLOSION IF BATTERY IS REPLACED BY
INCORRECT TYPE. DISPOSE USED BATTERIES ACCORDING TO
INSTRUCTIONS.
During installation of SPEEDLAN 9000 on the tower or on the wall,
the necessary clearance from the power and lightning conductors should be
maintained and proper grounding provided. The installation should be done
in accordance with National Electrical Code:
•
NEC Article 725 – CEC Rule 16
•
NEC Article 800 – CEC Section 60 and
•
NEC Article 810 – CEC Section 54.
SPEEDLAN 9101, 9102, 9103 & 9104 Hardware
SPEEDLAN 9000 Series Installation and Operation User Guide
Version 3.03
Hardware Overview
The SPEEDLAN 9000 series offers all the equipment you need to meet your connectivity
requirements:
•
SPEEDLAN 9101 (for business or residential): A router used in a non-lineof-sight pico cell (using the Mesh protocol). This router contains an integrated
8 dBi, omni antenna which is directly attached on the top. You do not need an
additional external antenna. In addition, the parameters are configured with
the Mesh protocol in the SPEEDLAN 9000 Configurator. This router uses an
integrated 8 dBi omni-directional antenna.
This type of self-healing Mesh topology process helps you reach buildings that
do not have a clear line-of-sight back to the base station without the possibility
of interference from hidden transmitters. For more information on this topic,
see SPEEDLAN 9000 Mesh Protocol -- How It Works in Mesh Clouds,
page 1-8.
•
SPEEDLAN 9102: This model can be configured as Customer Premise
Equipment (CPE) at one end of the point-to-point or point-to-multipoint link. It
could also be configured as a mesh router in a mesh cloud (via an external
omni). (This router is also referred to as a "Flexnode" because it is a star (CPE)
and mesh topology solution.)
•
SPEEDLAN 9103: This model is pre-configured as a base station but can be
reconfigured to function as a CPE router or as one end of a point-to-point or
point-to-multipoint link. The 9103 can also be configured as a mesh node
with an external omni.
•
SPEEDLAN 9104 (for residental applications only): The 9104 contains all
of the following features of the 9101 except RIP routing. The 9104 uses an
integrated 5 dBi omni and is intended for residential applications. This router
also supports one device on the local interface as well.
Tips for Antenna Alignment
You are encouraged to use the transmit power test during installation if you have a
spectrum analyzer or power meter to measure the output for the antenna alignment.
For more information, see Appendix A - IP Recovery, page 6. The SPEEDSignal
application will also help installers align or position antennas on 9000 units. For more
information on this application, “What is SPEEDSignal?” on page 2 of Appendix F.
SPEEDLAN 9101, 9102, 9103 & 9104 Hardware
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SPEEDLAN 9000 Series Installation and Operation User Guide
Drawings of Outdoor, Remote-Mounted Components
Indoor Junction Box
When the green light is illuminated,
the DC voltage is being injected
Grounding - Ground
the wire to the nearest
earth ground. Ground
plug will be installed
here.
DC jack to external power supply
To LAN
To Radio
Figure 2-1: Indoor junction box for 9000 series products
The indoor junction box is used with the SPEEDLAN 9000 series routers.
WARNING!: Make sure the network is plugged into the LAN interface, and that the
radio is plugged into the radio interface. If you do this procedure wrong, the voltage
that is meant to go to the radio can damage a device on the network.
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SPEEDLAN 9101, 9102, 9103 & 9104 Hardware
SPEEDLAN 9000 Series Installation and Operation User Guide
Version 3.03
The SPEEDLAN 9101(with an Integrated 8 dBi Omni)
*Pole/tower leg
Integrated 8 dBi
omni
*Note: The minimum outside
diameter of the pole is 1.25 inches.
The maximum outside diameter
of the pole is 2.5 inches.
Grounding wire (optional)
V-bolt
SPEEDLAN 9101
V-bolt
CAT5 cable (going to
junction box)
Note: The installation steps for the 9101 &
9104 are similar, but the 9101 uses a larger
omni (8 dBi) and the 9104 uses a smaller omni(5 dBi) directional antenna.
Figure 2-2: SPEEDLAN 9101 installation
SPEEDLAN 9101, 9102, 9103 & 9104 Hardware
2-5
Version 3.03
SPEEDLAN 9000 Series Installation and Operation User Guide
SPEEDLAN 9104 (with 5 dBi Omni)
Integrated 5dBi
omni
Grounding wire
(optional)
V-bolt
*Pole/tower leg
*Note: The minimum outside
diameter of the pole is 1.25 inches.
SPEEDLAN 9104
The maximum outside diameter
of the pole is 2.5 inches.
V-bolt
CAT5 cable (going to
junction box)
Note: The installation steps for the 9101 &
9104 are similar, but the 9101 uses a larger
omni (8 dBi) and the 9104 uses a smaller omni(5 dBi) directional antenna.
Figure 2-3: SPEEDLAN 9104 installation
2-6
SPEEDLAN 9101, 9102, 9103 & 9104 Hardware
SPEEDLAN 9000 Series Installation and Operation User Guide
Version 3.03
Bottom View of SPEEDLAN 9101/9104
Power/Ethernet (CAT5 down to junction box)
Figure 2-4: Bottom view of 9101/9104 case
System Description
These are high-speed, long range wireless LAN outdoor, remote-mounted units/routers
that provide building-to-building connectivity in a mesh cloud.
Package Contents
•
SPEEDLAN 9101/9104
•
Product registration card
•
CD containing: Product manual, SPEEDView management software (including
SPEEDSignal and IP Recovery), SPEEDLAN 9000 Installation Diagrams,
README.txt file and Adobe Acrobat Reader
•
Indoor junction box
•
Integrated, omni-directional antenna is attached to the router (8 dBi for 9101
and 5 dBi for 9104)
•
V-bolt kit which includes the following
•
•
Bolt, V, Tower Mount, Stainless Steel (U-bolt) (quantity 2)
•
Nut, 1/4"-20, Serrated Flange, Stainless Steel (quantity 4)
•
V-Bracket, Tower Mount, Aluminum (quantity 2)
Power supply
SPEEDLAN 9101, 9102, 9103 & 9104 Hardware
2-7
Version 3.03
SPEEDLAN 9000 Series Installation and Operation User Guide
The following items are included with the installation kit, which can be purchased
separately:
•
Hardware ties
•
Specialized CAT5 cable
Customer Sourced / Other
•
Combination wrench or socket wrench (7/16") to tighten the nuts on the Vbolts (customer sourced only)
•
Other tool accessories that can be purchased separately from Wave Wireless
are: cable, connectors, crimpers, spectrum analyzer, shrink wrap, APC
10BaseT putty, aluminum 2" pole, extendable mast, ballast mount, peak roof
mount, extra v-bolts, nuts, grounding rod clamps, wall mounts
Installation Steps for the SPEEDLAN 9101/9104
To install your SPEEDLAN 9101, follow the steps below:
Step 1: Mounting the SPEEDLAN 9101/9104
This router will have an omni attached via an RF cable assembly. No additional steps
are needed for this step. Go to Step 2.
Step 2: Mounting the SPEEDLAN 9101/9104 on the Pole
•
Pole Mount: Attach the router to the mounting pole using the two V-bolted
clamps, one on top of the router and the other on the bottom of the router.
Make sure you tighten the nuts for the clamps on the back of the pole mount.
Step 3: Running the Cabling
2-8
Run outdoor CAT5 cable (from bottom of router) down to junction box located
inside the building.
Secure grounding wire by running this wire to a suitable "earth" ground and
fasten it securely in place. See the installation diagram following
these directions.
Install the ground plug into the junction box. Install the Ethernet to the radio
cable. Install the Ethernet to the router. Install the DC connector to the junction
box. Plug the external power supply into the wall outlet.
(The VAC power outlet’s input voltage of this universal adapter can vary from
100 to 250 VAC.) Connect the DC output of the adapter to DC jack on the
indoor junction box.
SPEEDLAN 9101, 9102, 9103 & 9104 Hardware
SPEEDLAN 9000 Series Installation and Operation User Guide
Version 3.03
Connect the wireless SPEEDLAN 9101/9104 to the customer's Ethernet LAN or
PC by connecting the RJ-45 plug on a standard Ethernet CAT5 cable to the
RJ-45 port connector, marked as "radio" on indoor junction box. Connect the
other end of the Ethernet CAT5 cable to your Ethernet hub, switch or router.
Important Note: Waterproofing the Connectors!
Make sure you waterproof all the connectors, as follows: Apply two layers of electrical
tape to the connector (covering three inches of cable past the connector), and leave
approximately 3 inches of cable exposed on either side of the connector. An alternative
is to begin at the lowest point, so the tape overlaps from bottom to top creating a
shingled effect. (This creates an effective barrier against runoff.) Apply this "shingle
effect" to each layer of the sealing process. Then, apply one layer of insulation putty
over the top of the electrical tape, and leave at least one inch of the cable jacket to
ensure a good seal. Do not stretch the putty, as this causes thinning and reduces the
effectiveness of a good seal. Finally, apply five layers of electrical tape over the
insulation putty and extend at least one (1) inch past the putty. This is the most
important step in a creating a watertight seal. Make sure that there are no wrinkles in
the tape, and the final wrap must be completed from bottom to top.
SPEEDLAN 9101, 9102, 9103 & 9104 Hardware
2-9
Version 3.03
SPEEDLAN 9000 Series Installation and Operation User Guide
Installation Diagram of the SPEEDLAN 9101/9104
The diagram below displays where the main components are located for the
SPEEDLAN 9101/9104 with an integrated omni.
Antenna
(Integrated
omni)
SPEEDLAN 9101/9104
Grounding wire
Ethernet
Cable with
combined Ethernet
and DC voltage
AC wall outlet
Ethernet / hub
or switch
Junction box
Figure 2-5: 9101/9104 installation diagram
Note: Most users needing the mesh topology solution will use the SPEEDLAN 9101/
9104. However, there is the option of using an external antenna for mesh use (e.g.,
high-gain omni antenna, sectoral or even directional). Contact Wave Wireless for more
information. On the next page is an example of this solution:
2-10
SPEEDLAN 9101, 9102, 9103 & 9104 Hardware
SPEEDLAN 9000 Series Installation and Operation User Guide
Version 3.03
SPEEDLAN 9102 (acting as mesh router) with High-Gain Omni
External Antenna (e.g., High-Gain Omni)
Antenna
(high-gain omni,
sectoral or
directional)
Ethernet
Router
10’ cable
3’ cable
Lightning arrestor
Grounding wire
Junction
box
AC wall outlet
Cable with
combined Ethernet
and DC voltage
Ethernet
hub/
switch
Note: Ground the case to the closest building ground. This will create a short
conduction path for lightning strikes to dissipate properly.
Figure 2-6: 9102 installation diagram
To install an external antenna (e.g., high-gain omni), see Installation Steps for the
SPEEDLAN 9102 and 9103, page 2-16.
SPEEDLAN 9101, 9102, 9103 & 9104 Hardware
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SPEEDLAN 9000 Series Installation and Operation User Guide
The SPEEDLAN 9102 and 9103 (CPE and Base Station Use)
As a 9102 CPE/Point-to-Point with Grid or Directional Antenna
*Pole/
tower leg
*Note: The minimum outside
diameter of the pole is 1.25 inches.
The maximum outside diameter
of the pole is 2.5 inches.
Grid
Grounding clamp
Grounding wire
V-bolt
Router
V-bolt
3’ cable
CAT5 cable (down to
junction box)
10’ cable
Lightning arrestor
Grounding wire
Figure 2-7: CPE with grid
2-12
SPEEDLAN 9101, 9102, 9103 & 9104 Hardware
SPEEDLAN 9000 Series Installation and Operation User Guide
Version 3.03
As a Base Station with Sectoral Antenna
*Note: The minimum outside
diameter of the pole is 1.25 inches.
Sectoral
The maximum outside diameter
of the pole is 2.5 inches.
*Pole/
tower leg
Grounding wire
Grounding clamp
V-bolt
Router
V-bolt
3’ cable
CAT5 cable (down to
junction box)
10’ cable
Lightning arrestor
Grounding wire
Figure 2-8: Base station with sectoral
SPEEDLAN 9101, 9102, 9103 & 9104 Hardware
2-13
Version 3.03
SPEEDLAN 9000 Series Installation and Operation User Guide
As a Base Station with High-Gain Omni Antenna
Highgain omni
*Note: The minimum outside
diameter of the pole is 1.25 inches.
The maximum outside diameter
of the pole is 2.5 inches.
*Pole/tower leg
V-bolt
10’ cable
Grounding clamp
V-bolt
Router
V-bolt
3’ cable
CAT5 cable (down
to junction box)
Lightning arrestor
Grounding wire
Figure 2-9: Base station with high-gain omni
2-14
SPEEDLAN 9101, 9102, 9103 & 9104 Hardware
SPEEDLAN 9000 Series Installation and Operation User Guide
Version 3.03
Bottom View of SPEEDLAN 9102 and 9103
RTNC RF
Input/Output
(RF Signal)
Power/
Ethernet
DC Output to Amp
Figure 2-10: Bottom view of SPEEDLAN 9102/9103 case
System Description
The SPEEDLAN 9102 and 9103 routers are high speed, long range wireless LAN
routers that provide connectivity to remote Ethernet networks. For single point-to-point
links, a SPEEDLAN 9102 router can be used in each building to create a wireless
communication link. For multipoint links, a SPEEDLAN 9103 router acts as the central
base station, which controls the communication between multiple SPEEDLAN 9102
routers acting as CPE. The local router communicates with a remote router on another
LAN. This effectively creates an extended wireless network, spanning sites can be
situated up to 25 miles apart (depending on the antenna configuration). This enables a
central Ethernet LAN to be connected with one or more branch office LANs.
Package Contents
The following items are included in the package contents:
•
SPEEDLAN 9102 or SPEEDLAN 9103 router
•
Product registration card
•
CD containing: Product manual, SPEEDView management software (including
SPEEDSignal and IP Recovery), SPEEDLAN 9000 Installation Diagrams,
README.txt file and Adobe Acrobat Reader
•
Indoor junction box
•
3’ RF cable
SPEEDLAN 9101, 9102, 9103 & 9104 Hardware
2-15
Version 3.03
SPEEDLAN 9000 Series Installation and Operation User Guide
•
•
V-bolt kit which includes the following
•
Bolt, V, Tower Mount, Stainless Steel (U-bolt) (quantity 2)
•
Nut, 1/4"-20, Serrated Flange, Stainless Steel (quantity 4)
•
V-Bracket, Tower Mount, Stainless Steel (quantity 2)
Power supply
The following items are included with the installation kit, which can be purchased
separately:
•
Hardware ties
•
Lightning arrestor
•
Electrical tape
•
Waterproof putty tape
•
Specialized CAT5 cable
•
10’ RF cable
•
Grounding rod clamps
*Note: Antenna for the SPEEDLAN 9102 or 9103 can be purchased separately.
Customer Sourced / Other
•
Combination wrench or socket wrench (7/16") to tighten the nuts on the Vbolts (customer sourced only)
•
Other tool accessories that can be purchased separately from Wave Wireless
are: cable, connectors, crimpers, spectrum analyzer, shrink wrap, APC
10BaseT putty, aluminum 2" pole, extendable mast, ballast mount, peak roof
mount, extra v-bolts, nuts, grounding rod clamps, wall mounts
Installation Steps for the SPEEDLAN 9102 and 9103
Both SPEEDLAN 9102 and 9103 routers follow the same general installation steps.
Some installation instructions are specific to customers who purchased Installation Kits
from Wave Wireless. To view a diagram of the installation listed below, see Figure 2-13
on page 2-22.
If you are having trouble and need a full site installation, contact Wave Wireless
Networking for services and fees.
2-16
SPEEDLAN 9101, 9102, 9103 & 9104 Hardware
SPEEDLAN 9000 Series Installation and Operation User Guide
Version 3.03
Antenna Selection Tip: Use a high-gain omni or sectoral antenna for a base station
(9103), and use a grid or directional antenna for a CPE or point-to-point router
(9102).
To install your SPEEDLAN 9102 or 9103 router with an external antenna, do the
following:
Step 1.Verifying Line-of-Sight
Before installing the antenna and router, make sure a clear line-of-sight exists between
the two points. Line-of-sight can be defined as each antenna clearly seeing the other
antenna, and seeing the remote locations when viewing from the central base location.
Be sure to look at the center of origin of the transmission (i.e., the middle of the
antenna). Repeat this procedure from the remote location. Any disruption of the signal
path due to trees, building, or any other obstructions may cause the link to function
incorrectly. Make sure at least 60 percent of the RF signal is unobstructed by any path
blockages.
Fresnel Zone
di
Visual Line of
Si h
Tower
Above
H i h
MSL)
Obstruction
Above
Sea
H i Mean
L l)
Earth
Figure 2-11: Line-of-sight (LOS) diagram
Note: For long distances, additional antenna height is often required to overcome
signal diffraction and to provide clear Radio LOS. For Radio LOS, a clear Fresnel
(Freh-nel) zone is required to minimize diffraction effects. The Fresnel zone is shaped
like an elongated football. The most clearance is required at the mid-point between the
two sites.
SPEEDLAN 9101, 9102, 9103 & 9104 Hardware
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SPEEDLAN 9000 Series Installation and Operation User Guide
Beyond approximately 10 miles, the curvature of the earth can also become significant.
At these longer distances, visually sighting the remote site can be difficult or impossible
due to atmospheric haze. Terrain data (map or differential GPS) must be relied upon for
determining path clearance. Elevation data determined with these methods is above
Mean Sea Level; and does not account for curvature of the earth. Both the curvature of
the earth and the Fresnel clearance numbers can be combined to determine the
additional clearance required above any natural or man-made obstructions along the
path.
Obtaining this clearance can be accomplished by raising the antenna height at one or
both sites. If this is not practical, then consider relocating one or both sites to locations
with higher elevations. Another option is to add a third site to go over or around the
obstacle.
If you see any obstructions between two antennas, move one or both antennas to
another location.
Step 2. Mounting the Antenna
Follow the instructions below to mount the antenna.
a) On a side-building mount, position the bracket so there will be at least three
feet (one meter) above the roof line where the pole is attached. This enables
room for the antenna and reduces signal loss from building reflection.
Note:
It is not recommended to mount the antenna onto any unstable object.
b) Allow for as much space between the wall brackets as possible while
maintaining the appropriate antenna height. For extended poles, additional
wall brackets may be necessary.
c)
Assemble the antenna and mount it to the pole using the included V-bolt
antenna mounting hardware. For a semi-parabolic grid type antenna, align
the grid to run parallel with the grid on the tip of the antenna horn. A
horizontal grid should be horizontal (or parallel to the ground). A vertical grid
should be perpendicular to the ground. Make sure all bolts and screws are
fastened tightly.
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Horizontal-Oriented Grid
Version 3.03
Vertical-Oriented
Grid
See also Tips for Antenna Alignment, page 2-3.
Figure 2-12: Grid antennas
d) Fasten the pole to the brackets. Position the antenna, point it in the
appropriate direction, and tighten the screws. Then, aim the antenna so it is
pointed toward the receiving antenna on the other building. The radio signal
radiates from the end of antenna like a wide-beamed flashlight. For optimal
performance, you may need to test your link using both horizontal and
vertical-oriented polarities. This configuration option varies with each location,
as well as RF signals that may be present in the area.
Step 3. Mounting the SPEEDLAN 9102 and 9103
Select one of two options below:
•
Option A: Pole Mount
On a pole mount, position the router 5 to 10 feet below the antenna. Then,
attach the router to the mounting pole using two included V-bolt clamps, one
on the top of the router and the other on the bottom. Make sure you tighten
the nuts for the clamps on the back of the pole mount.
OR
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•
Option B: Wall or Concrete Mount
On a side building mount, position the router 5 to 10 feet below the antenna.
Then, attach the SPEEDLAN router to the wall or concrete by using the
concrete or wood mounting screws. Make sure it is securely mounted on the
wall.
Step 4. Running and Securing All Cable
The installation kit includes two cables with ready-made connectors to fit your particular
installation needs such as:
•
3’ RF cable
•
10' antenna cable (attaches to antenna one end and to lightning arrestor other
end)
•
Lightning arrestor (attaches to pigtail and to antenna cable)
a) Attach the 3’ RF cable to the RF port on the SPEEDLAN 9102 or 9103 router.
b) Attach the 10' length of cable to the antenna. Next, attach the lightning
arrestor to the lower end of the antenna cable.
c)
Attach the other end of lightning arrestor to 3’ RF cable.
d) Run the main length of the specialized outdoor Ethernet cable from the router
to the indoor junction box located inside the building.
e) Secure the cable (i.e., to the pole) with zip ties or cable clamps during this
procedure.
Note: When running the cable through walls or obstructions, make sure that there is
ample room for the connector to pass through the opening without being damaged.
Also, do not create extra pressure that would cause the cable to kink or be stretched or
cut (i.e., pulling cable through tight locations).
f)
Create a proper weatherproofing seal on all outdoor connections by wrapping
it with electrical tape and sealing it with putty. This is the most crucial step of
the installation. If this procedure is not completed, long-term and complex
problems could occur. For more information on implementing this procedure,
see Weatherproofing Connectors, page 2-21.
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g) Next, ground the lightning arrestor. For more information, see Grounding the
Lightning Arrestor, page 2-21. You can also ground the router case to the
ground, as shown in the installation diagrams in this chapter.
Step 5. Grounding the Lightning Arrestor
a) Mount the lightning arrestor to a solid surface.
b) Run the grounding wire from the lightning arrestor to a proper ground source
such as a grounding rod or roof ground wire. The lightning arrestor is NOT
waterproof. The next series of steps will show you how to effectively seal the
lightning arrestor and its cables.
Step 6. Weatherproofing Connectors
a) Seal the entire lightning arrestor with the black waterproof sealant insulation
putty that is included in the installation kit.
b) Apply two layers of electrical tape to the connector, and leave approximately 3
inches of cable exposed on either side of the connector. An alternative is to
begin at the lowest point, so the tape overlaps from the bottom, below the
bottom connector over the lightning arrestor and beyond the upper connector,
to top creating a shingled effect. (This creates an effective barrier against water
runoff). Apply this "shingle effect" to each layer of the sealing process.
c)
Apply one layer of insulation putty over the top of the electrical tape, and leave
at least one inch of the cable jacket to ensure a good seal. Do not stretch the
putty, as this causes thinning and reduces the effectiveness of a good seal.
d) Apply five layers of electrical tape over the insulation putty and extend at least
one (1) inch past the putty. This is the most important step in creating a
watertight seal. Make sure that there are no wrinkles in the tape and the final
wrap must be completed from bottom to top.
Step 7. Connect the Router to Customer's Ethernet LAN
a) Connect the RJ-45 connector on a standard Ethernet CAT5 cable to the Radio
RJ-45 port on the indoor junction box.
b) Connect the other end of the Ethernet CAT5 cable to your Ethernet hub, switch
or router.
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Step 8. Connect the Wireless Router to the Power Supply
a) Connect the DC output of the adapter (24-36 Vdc) to DC jack on the indoor
junction box.
b) Connect power cord of AC-DC 24-36 Vdc adapter to 110 or 220 VAC power
outlet (the input voltage of this universal adapter can vary from 100 to 250
VAC).
Step 9. Adding Additional Routers
Repeat the steps above for all SPEEDLAN 9102 and 9103 routers that will be
communicating with this one.
9102/9103 Installation Diagram
*Antenna
(e.g., grid,
sectoral or
high-gain omni)
Router
10’ cable
3’ cable
Lightning arrestor
Ethernet
Grounding wire
AC wall outlet
Power
supply
Junction
box
Cable with
combined Ethernet
and DC voltage
Ethernet
hub/
switch
Ground
Figure 2-13: Base/CPE complete installation diagram
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*Note: The sectoral, grid (directional) and high-gain omni antennas all follow the
same installation instructions.
You can ground the router case to the ground. You can ground the lightning arrestor as
well.
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SPEEDLAN 9101, 9102, 9103 & 9104 Hardware
Chapter 3
General Functions of the
Configurator
This chapter covers general functions when configuring any
9000 router, such as:
•
General Information: Manual Initial Configuration of
the SPEEDLAN 9000, page 3-2, Logging on the
SPEEDLAN 9000 Configurator, page 3-10 and Logging
Off, page 3-13
•
Network menu: IP Address Configuration, page 3-20
and Virtual Addresses, page 3-24
•
System menu: Configuration Summary, page 3-25
Version, page 3-28; Host Name, page 3-29; Password,
page 3-30 and Reboot, page 3-31
•
Routing menu: Def Gateway, page 3-32; RIP2 Setup,
page 3-33 and RIP Settings, page 3-34; Route Table,
page 3-36 and Static Route, page 3-37
•
DHCP Server menu: Basic Instructions for Setting Up
DHCP on an Interface, page 3-40;
Viewing Log Messages, page 3-47 and Status,
page 3-47
•
DHCP Relay menu: DHCP Relay Menu, page 3-47
•
Forwarding menu: Services, page 3-49, Three Features
of NAT, page 3-54, Firewall, page 3-61 and
IP Sessions, page 3-66.
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SPEEDLAN 9000 Series Installation and Operation User Guide
•
Diagnostics menu: Interface Statistics, page 3-68; ARP Table, page 3-70 and
ICMP Statistics, page 3-71
•
Admin menu: User Configuration, page 3-74;
Permissions, page 3-74; Software Update, page 3-76 Support, page 3-77 and
Current Sessions, page 3-79.
Note: For more information on how the Configurator menu is structured, see Overview
of the SPEEDLAN 9000 Configurator General Main Menu, page 3-7.
Warning! Do not forget your password. Keep it in a safe place.
If you lose your full access password, there is no way to recover
it without returning the router to Wave Wireless Networking.
Manual Initial Configuration of the SPEEDLAN 9000
Each SPEEDLAN 9000 is produced with a default configuration that renders it usable in
many applications. However, if you need to manually configure your 9000 router,
follow the directions below.
Prerequisites
Configuration of the SPEEDLAN 9000 is done through the SPEEDLAN 9000
Configurator. In order to access the SPEEDLAN 9000 Configurator, you must have:
•
a client workstation (e.g., PC, Mac, Sun),
•
a compatible browser (Netscape Navigator 4+ or Internet Explorer 5+), and
•
a TCP/IP connection to the SPEEDLAN 9000.
A TCP/IP connection to the SPEEDLAN 9000 can be made through its wireless interface
or through its wired interface. If the default configuration creates a wireless LAN that is
compatible with the target inter-network, the network administrator can connect to the
individual SPEEDLAN 9000 router through that wireless LAN. The following section
assumes that a SPEEDLAN 9000 router is being configured via its wired interface,
possibly before it is installed at its intended physical location.
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SPEEDLAN 9000 Series Installation and Operation User Guide
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Connecting a SPEEDLAN 9000 and a Client PC
A connection between a SPEEDLAN 9000 and a client PC may be
established using either:
one crossover cable, or
two straight-through cables (also called patch cables) and a hub or a switch.
•
If you select option # 1, connect one end of the crossover cable to the client
PC and the other end to the junction box.
Junction box
Router
To LAN
To radio
Client PC
Figure 3-1: Using one crossover RJ-45 Ethernet cable
Either end of the
crossover cable
can connect to the
client PC or
junction box.
Figure 3-2: Crossover cable and pin out diagram
General Functions of the Configurator
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SPEEDLAN 9000 Series Installation and Operation User Guide
Note: The crossover cable actually crosses the transmit and receive pairs of wires so
that direct communications can take place between devices. Use a crossover cable
anytime you need to interconnect two computers or two devices in the same location
when a hub or a switch is either unavailable or not practical.
•
If you select option # 2, connect a straight-through cable from both the client
PC and the junction box to the hub or a switch.
Router
To LAN
To radio
Hub
Client PC
Figure 3-3: Using two straight-through RJ-45 Ethernet cables
Upon power up, a SPEEDLAN 9000 router that is not configured attempts to obtain an
IP address for its Ethernet LAN interface from a DHCP server. This is done by
broadcasting a "DHCPDISCOVER" message on that interface. If a suitably configured
and reachable DHCP server replies within 30 seconds, the SPEEDLAN 9000 will use
the IP address, netmask, (etc.) that the DHCP server provides. Otherwise, the
unconfigured SPEEDLAN 9000 will adopt a private network IP address 192.168.69.1
and a /24 netmask (255.255.255.0).
If a DHCP server is not used, it is recommended that the SPEEDLAN 9000 router and
the client PC be on the same subnet. Otherwise, the ability to configure intervening
routers may be required.
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SPEEDLAN 9000 Series Installation and Operation User Guide
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If the SPEEDLAN 9000 that is not configured and the client PC are on the same LAN,
their IP address should be configured compatibly (same IP network and netmask). This
can be accomplished by either:
The client PC obtaining its IP address from the same DHCP server as the
SPEEDLAN 9000.
Statically set the client's PC IP address to 192.168.69.x (x is in the range of 2 254) and its netmask to /24 (255.255.255.0).
•
If you selected option #1 above, follow these general directions:
Open the Control Panel, and then double-click the Network and Dial-up
Connections icon. Go to TCP/IP Protocol Properties to select the Obtain
an IP address from a DHCP server option. Then, accept changes and close
this dialog box. Then, restart your computer.
•
If you selected option #2 above, follow these general directions:
Open the Control Panel, and then double-click the Network and Dial-up
Connections icon. Go to TCP/IP Protocol Properties to verify that your PC is
on the same network as the router 192.168.69.x (x is in the range of 2 254), and the subnet mask should be /24 (255.255.255.0). If you made
changes, accept the changes and close this dialog box. Then, restart your
computer.
Before continuing you should verify that the client PC has TCP/IP connectivity with the
SPEEDLAN 9000. The most common way to do this is to run 'ping' 192.168.69.1
(or the DHCP assigned address) at a command-line prompt. This ping command is
available in a Windows 9x DOS prompt, a Windows 2000 / NT / XP command
prompt, or any Unix console.
Configuring the SPEEDLAN 9000
Once your PC can access the SPEEDLAN 9000, you can open the client's browser and
enter the IP address of the SPEEDLAN 9000 router. If using DHCP and DNS, it may be
possible to refer to the SPEEDLAN 9000 router by its name.
Note: SPEEDView gives you a "management" view of the network. You will use the
SPEEDLAN 9000 Configurator (web browser) to configure the 9000 routers. If you
want to configure a router in SPEEDView, just double-click any router and it will open
the SPEEDLAN 9000 Configurator. For more information about SPEEDView, see Using
SPEEDView, page 8-1.
General Functions of the Configurator
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Wireless Interface IP Address Assignment
If the wireless interface does not already have a statically configured IP address, it will
assume the 10.x.y.z/8 address, where x, y, and z are the decimal representations of the
least significant three octets of the IEEE 802 MAC address of the SPEEDLAN 9000’s
wireless interface. This method is used to ensure uniqueness. Because the last three
octets of the IP address are variable, a /8 netmask (255.0.0.0) is used in order for the
SPEEDLAN 9000s to communicate on this network.
Automating the Configuration of Multiple SPEEDLAN 9000s
In mesh mode, some of the configuration parameters for the SPEEDLAN 9000 are
common to all SPEEDLAN 9000s in the same network, for instance the channel and
signaling rate of the wireless interface.
Completing Configuration
Certain configuration parameters require a reboot after they have been changed.
Therefore, to ensure all changes have been activated, each SPEEDLAN 9000 should be
rebooted when its configuration is complete. Multiple SPEEDLAN 9000 routers can be
rebooted at the same time from either the SPEEDView application or the SPEEDLAN
9000 Configurator. To reboot the router in the SPEEDLAN 9000 Configurator, choose
Reboot from the System menu (see Reboot, page 3-31).
Adding Additional SPEEDLAN 9000s to the Wired Network
If you need to add an additional SPEEDLAN 9000 to the wired network, do the
following:
3-6
•
Connect the additional SPEEDLAN 9000 routers to a hub or switch on the
network and have DHCP assign IP addresses dynamically.
•
Connect additional SPEEDLAN 9000 routers to a hub or switch on the network
one at a time, changing the wired IP address of each router as it is added, to
an address other than 192.168.69.1 (to avoid duplicate IP addresses).
If you need help, contact your system administrator.
General Functions of the Configurator
SPEEDLAN 9000 Series Installation and Operation User Guide
Version 3.03
Overview of the SPEEDLAN 9000 Configurator General Main
Menu
How the Configurator Menu is Structured
Base stations, CPE routers, point-to-point routers and mesh routers all use the same
main menu, as shown in Main menu, page 3-10. However, some of the submenus are
limited depending on which mode you are operating, such as base station mode, CPE
mode, point-to-point (primary and secondary), and mesh mode. Any content that is
common for the base station, CPE, point-to-point, and mesh router is located in this
chapter. Any content that is exclusively used for base station mode is in Using the
Configurator to Set Up Special Parameters for a Base Station, page 4-1. Any content
that is exclusively used for CPE mode is in Using the Configurator to Set Up Special
Parameters for CPE Routers, page 5-1. Any content that is exclusively used for point-topoint mode is in Using the Configurator to Set Up Special Parameters for Point-to-Point
Routers, page 6-1. Any content that is exclusively used for mesh mode is in Using the
Configurator to Set Up Special Parameters for Mesh Routers, page 7-1.
This menu lists the pages that are common to a SPEEDLAN 9000 base station, CPE,
point-to-point, and mesh routers.
•
Network
Use this menu to view a list of the interfaces that exist on the router, such as
wireless interfaces, fixed interfaces, or both. This is where you would assign
either a static or dynamic Internet address for the router. You will also be able
to define the display name for the wireless or fixed device. For more
information, see IP Address Configuration, page 3-20.
•
If you need to set up the interfaces from a base station, see Interfaces for
Base Mode, page 4-2.
•
If you need to set up the interfaces from a CPE router, see Interfaces for
CPE Mode, page 5-2.
•
If you need to set up the interfaces from a point-to-point router, see
Interfaces for Point-to-Point Mode, page 6-2.
•
If you need to set up the interfaces from a mesh router, see Interfaces for
Mesh Mode, page 7-2.
•
If you need to set up authentication and encryption between a base station
and CPE routers, see Authentication Section, page 4-4 and Turning on
Encryption, page 4-8.
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Other specialized parameters not common under the Network menu for the base, CPE,
point-to-point and mesh routers:
3-8
•
If you need to set the start timing parameters (polling) for controlling how
a base station treats a CPE router that has no traffic to send but still
respond to polls, see Star Timing Parameters Section, page 4-7.
•
If you need to see what CPE routers are connected to the base station, see
Base Station Information, page 5-3.
•
If you need to set up pass phrase authentication from a CPE router, see
Authentication, page 5-4.
•
If you need to set up encryption or specialized settings for a point-to-point
router, see Point-to-Point Settings, page 6-3. If you need to see what
secondary point-to-point routers are connected to the primary point-topoint router(s), see Primary Station Information, page 6-6. See also
Authenticating a Point-to-Point Secondary Router Only, page 6-6.
•
If you need to view mesh routers currently on the network, Mesh Nodes,
page 7-3. If you need to set up security parameters for mesh routers, see
Security, page 7-3.
•
System
Use this menu to define information about the host, view information about
the SPEEDLAN 9000 Configurator, set the current password and reboot the
9000 router. For more information see, System Menu, page 3-25. To view a
configuration summary of the units on the network, see Configuration
Summary, page 3-25.
•
Routing
Use this menu to view and set routing configuration. For more information,
see Routing Menu, page 3-31.
•
Wireless
Use this menu to select the frequency and signaling rate of the wireless device.
You can also set up the Tx Retry, Max Tx Rate, and Signaling Rate Fallback on
a base station, CPE, point-to-point or mesh router. To do these options,
choose Wireless from the main menu. You can also block or unblock mesh
routers. In mesh mode, you can also set the receive threshold.
•
DHCP Server
Use this menu to configure a DHCP server on one or more of the wired
interfaces. You can also view log messages and view the interfaces being
serviced with DHCP. For more information see, DHCP Server Menu,
page 3-39.
General Functions of the Configurator
SPEEDLAN 9000 Series Installation and Operation User Guide
Version 3.03
•
DHCP Relay
Click this menu to enable DHCP Relay and set the parameters it requires. For
more information, see DHCP Relay Menu, page 3-47.
•
Forwarding
Use this menu to control how traffic is forwarded through this router. For more
information, see Forwarding Menu, page 3-48.
•
Diagnostics
Use this menu to troubleshoot your SPEEDLAN 9000 network. For more
information, see Diagnostics Menu (Troubleshooting the Network), page 3-67.
•
Admin
Use this menu to perform administrative tasks, such as setting up user
password and permission information. You can also remotely control the 9000
routers on the network, update software, reset all configuration to the factory
default, enable or disable SPEEDSignal, and enable manufacturer access to
the router for advanced troubleshooting. For more information, see Admin
Menu, page 3-73.
Other specialized parameters not common under the Admin menu for the base, CPE,
point-to-point and mesh routers:
•
If you need to remotely reboot a 9000 router (base station mode), see
Remote Control, page 4-15.
•
If you need to update software on a 9000 base station, see Software
Update, page 4-16. If you need to update software for a base station and
a CPE, see Updating the Software on a Base Station and CPE, page 4-17.
•
If you need to remotely reboot or turn off the SPEEDLAN 9000 point-to
point routers, see Remote Control for Point-to-Point Primary Routers,
page 6-13.
•
If you need to remotely reboot or turn off the SPEEDLAN 9000 mesh
routers, see Remote Control, page 7-13.
•
If you need to update the software on the point-to-point routers, see
Software Update for Point-to-Point Primary or Secondary Routers,
page 6-13.
•
If you need to update the software on the mesh routers, see Software
Update, page 7-14.
General Functions of the Configurator
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Diagram of SPEEDLAN 9000 Configurator Main Menu
Figure 3-4: Main menu
Note: If you want to learn more about IP addressing, see Basics of IP Addressing,
page 9-2.
Logging on the SPEEDLAN 9000 Configurator
To access the SPEEDLAN 9000 Configurator, open your web browser and enter the URL
(http://) or IP address of the router you want to configure. The factory default IP address
is 192.168.69.1.
Note: The SPEEDLAN 9000 Configurator can be accessed at the standard web (HTTP,
port 80) and secure web (HTTPS, port 443) locations. If you have forwarded either of
those ports to internal network nodes, you can still reach the configurator at an
alternate location:
•
port 6590 - server alternate HTTPS (for example, type "https://
192.168.69.1:6590/")
Classes of Users (and Passwords)
All software including the SPEEDLAN 9000 Configurator, SPEEDView, SPEEDSignal and
IP Recovery share the same password(s). The only place where you change the
password for all of these is in the SPEEDLAN 9000 Configurator.
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There are five classes of users on the SPEEDLAN 9000. The classes are as follows with
their default passwords:
•
Full Access (also known as a superuser): "wave_full" (this is also the only
access password for IP Recovery).
Note: "Full Access" does not show up in "Admin/Users" because the user will
not be able to change its permissions and it has write permission on
everything.
•
Wired Admin: "wave_wired_admin" (account for the private Ethernet network)
•
Wired Read: "wave_wired" (account for the private Ethernet network)
•
Wireless Admin: "wave_wireless_ad" (account for the wireless SPEEDLAN
9000 network)
•
Wireless Read: "wave_wireless" (account for the wireless SPEEDLAN 9000
network)
Notes:
The minimum password length is 8 characters. The maximum password length is 16
characters (including the underscore character or spacebar). Any characters over the
maximum length (16) will be truncated. This rule applies for the Configurator,
SPEEDView, SPEEDSignal and IP Recovery.
Admin accounts have administration rights to their appropriate network (wired or
wireless), and Read Only accounts have only read only access.
If you are a network administrator and want to modify the default passwords and
settings for any of the users, choose the Admin menu. For more information, see
Admin Menu, page 3-73.
Logging On
Follow these steps (starting on the following page) to log on to the SPEEDLAN 9000
Configurator.
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Make sure you entered the correct URL or IP address of the router. For more
information, see Logging on the SPEEDLAN 9000 Configurator, page 3-10.
Figure 3-5: Login page
3-12
Enter the password in the Password text box. To know which password (from 8
to 16 characters) you should enter, see Classes of Users (and Passwords),
page 3-10.
Login by clicking Login.
When you login for the first time, the Security Alert dialog box will appear.
Follow the directions under Understanding the Security Alert Screens,
page 3-13.
General Functions of the Configurator
SPEEDLAN 9000 Series Installation and Operation User Guide
Version 3.03
Logging Off
If you need to log off the Configurator, click the Log Off link (as circled in the figure
below).
Figure 3-6: Logging Off
Understanding the Security Alert Screens
In order to avoid a security alert each time the SPEEDLAN 9000 Configurator is
accessed, you must install its security certificate into Internet Explorer. If the SPEEDLAN
9000's host name changes, you will have to repeat this process.
Follow the steps beginning on the next page:
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When the Security Alert dialog box appears, click View Certificate (right most
button on bottom of Security dialog box). The following dialog box will appear.
Figure 3-7: Security Alert screen
Click Install Certificate.
Figure 3-8: Certificate screen
3-14
General Functions of the Configurator
SPEEDLAN 9000 Series Installation and Operation User Guide
Version 3.03
The Certificate Import Wizard will appear.
Figure 3-9: Certificate Import Wizard screen 1
Click Next.
The following dialog box will appear.
Figure 3-10: Certificate Import Wizard screen 2
Click Next again.
General Functions of the Configurator
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The following dialog box will appear.
Figure 3-11: Certificate Import Wizard screen 3
Click Finish. This message will appear. Click Yes.
Figure 3-12: Root Certificate Store screen
You will see a confirmation stating that the import was successful. Click OK.
Click OK again. If the Security Alert dialog box appears, click Yes.
Figure 3-13: Certificate Import Wizard message box
You should not get the Security Alert the next time you access this site. The SPEEDLAN
9000 Configurator web site will appear.
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After Logging On
After you log on, you will see the Network Interfaces page, as displayed below.
Main Menu
If you click the interface link
(e.g., Ethernet in this case),
you will jump to the TCP/IP
Configuration page.
This is where you select the
type of router: pt to pt
primary, pt to pt secondary,
base station, CPE, mesh, etc.
Enter the name that you
want to name the network.
Then, click Apply to make
changes.
Click Refresh to refresh
data on the web page.
Figure 3-14: 1st screen after logging on
Note: The name you enter in the Network Name text box (shown in Figure 3-14 on
page 3-17) determines what the interfaces are called on the network. For instance, you
can enter, "Star Net" in the Network Name text box to represent the "Star CPE"
interface. This option just gives the user control over the name of the interface.
Therefore, Star Net would be the new name of the Star CPE interface and would be
located under the menu headings (e.g., TCP/IP, RIP2, DHCP Server and NAT).
What are enable and disable forwarding?
•
Enable Forwarding: Select the Enable Forwarding option to enable the
forwarding of IP packets from the wired interface to the wireless interface and
vice-versa.
•
Disable Forwarding: Select the Disable Forwarding option to disable the
forwarding of IP packets from the wired interface to the wireless interface and
vice-versa.
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Helpful Information to Know...
How do you select the router?
As shown in Figure 3-14 on page 3-17, select the type of router (point-to-point, CPE,
base station, or mesh) from the Interface Type drop-down list. Then, click Apply. The
SPEEDLAN 9000 Configurator will then recognize the router you selected and allow
you to make modifications as needed.
Note: If you need to change the router's topology mode (base station, CPE, point-topoint or mesh) from or to another topology mode (base station, CPE, point-to-point or
mesh), see Changing the Router's Topology Mode, Change Topology Mode, Appendix
A-2.
References on Setting Up the Router
The next step is to set up your router. Follow this chapter to set up the IP address, set
routing information, set DHCP, set NAT information, troubleshoot network errors
(diagnostic information), and enter basic Administrative information. Make sure you
see the section called, Overview of the SPEEDLAN 9000 Configurator General Main
Menu, page 3-7. This section will tell you which functions are common to all routers
and which functions are specialized. This will help you locate the proper section in the
manual more quickly.
Caching - viewing the most recent version of a page
Important Note: If you do not see the changes you made on a configurator page,
click the Refresh button, as shown in Figure 3-14 on page 3-17. Then, the changes
will appear.
If the above procedure does not work, follow these steps below:
3-18
Go to your Internet browser. (These directions are for Internet Explorer.)
From the Tools menu, choose Internet Options. The Internet Options dialog
box appears. Click the Delete Files button. Then, click OK.
On the Internet Options dialog box, click the Settings button. The Settings
dialog box appears. Select the Every visit to the page option. This makes
sure that the new information is displayed the next time you visit the
configurator web page, and the new information will also be added on the
SPEEDLAN router.
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Session Activity
If you receive this message during your configuration session, "Sorry, the maximum
number of sessions has been reached. Try to login later," this is because the maximum
log on is 32 consecutive sessions.
Figure 3-15: Session Activity message 1
If you receive this message during your configuration session, "Your session has expired
due to inactivity or because another user has made configuration changes that affect
your session, " this is because the configuration session’s default time is 30 minutes.
Figure 3-16: Session Activity message 2
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9000 Firmware Updates, SPEEDView or Other Utility Programs
Registered customers should check our web site on a regular basis for updates to router
firmware, SPEEDView, and other utility programs. If you haven't registered your
products yet, you may do so by visiting the Wave Wireless Web site "Support" directory.
If You Need a Temporary IP Address
See the section called, What is IP Recovery?, IP Recovery, Appendix A-2:
•
If you changed the IP address on the router and forgot it, you can find the
configured IP address of the Ethernet interface using IP Recovery.
OR
•
If after learning the IP address of the Ethernet interface, you cannot log on to
the router using the HTML Configurator (SPEEDLAN 9000 Configurator), then
you will be able set a temporary Ethernet IP address so that a connection can
made.
The Configuration Menu
Network Menu
•
Choose Interfaces to select the router you need.
•
Choose IP Addresses from the Network menu to assign an IP address
(manually or dynamically via DHCP).
•
Choose Virtual Addresses from the IP Addresses submenu (under the
Network menu) to create a public IP address that can be mapped to a private
IP address.
Network Interfaces
Choose the type of router as shown in Figure 3-14 on page 3-17. Then, click Apply.
IP Address Configuration
This is where you would assign IP Addresses either Manually (static) or via DHCP
(dynamic). For DHCP, you may also enter the hostname of the client.
Note: DHCP is not available on the wireless interface.
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To activate this page, choose IP Addresses and then the name of the interface (i.e.,
Ethernet, Star Net, Mesh Net) from the Network menu. The following page will
appear.
The following page will appear.
For Ethernet only
For wireless
interface
Figure 3-17: IP Addresses page
After you choose the appropriate interface, you will be able to view the following
parameters:
•
Hardware (MAC) Address: In a LAN environment each network interface
contains its own Medium Access Control (MAC) address which is the
embedded and unique hardware number.
•
Status: This is the state of the interface. "Up" - ready to pass packets; "Down" cannot pass packets.
•
IP Address: This address tells the network how to locate the computers or
network equipment connected to it.
•
Netmask: The netmask is a 4-byte number that masks the network part of the
Internet Protocol IP address, so only the host computer part of the address
remains.
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•
Current Mode: "Manual" or "DHCP."
CIDR Table (For Netmask Information Purposes)
CIDR Length
Mask
# N etworks
# Hosts
/8
255.0.0.0
1A
16,777,214
/9
255.128.0.0
128 B
8,388,352
/10
255.192.0.0
64 B
4,194,176
/11
255.224.0.0
32 B
2,097,088
/12
255.240.0.0
16 B
1,048,544
/13
255.248.0.0
8 B
524,272
/14
255.252.0.0
4 B
262,136
/15
255.254.0.0
2 B
131,068
/16
255.255.0.0
1 B
65,534
/17
255.255.128.0
128 C
32,512
/18
255.255.192.0
64 C
16,256
/19
255.255.224.0
32 C
8,128
/20
255.255.240.0
16 C
4,064
/21
255.255.248.0
8C
2,032
/22
255.255.252.0
4C
1,016
/23
255.255.254.0
2C
508
/24
255.255.255.0
1C
254
/25
255.255.255.128
2 Subnets
124
/26
255.255.255.192
4 Subnets
62
/27
255.255.255.224
8 Subnets
30
/28
255.255.255.240
16 Subnets
14
/29
255.255.255.248
32 Subnets
/30
255.255.255.252
64 Subnets
/31
255.255.255.254
none
none
/32
255.255.255.255
1/256 C
Figure 3-18: CIDR information page
3-22
•
Restart Interface: Click to restart the interface.
•
Reset to Factory Defaults: Click to revert to factory default settings for this
interface.
•
Use DHCP: Select this option if you want to dynamically acquire an IP address
or DHCP from a DHCP server. The DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration
Protocol) server assigns the IP address to each computer as the computer
connects to the network. If a computer moves to a new network, it must be
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assigned a new IP address for that network. DHCP can be used to manage
these assignments automatically. Then, click Apply.
Optional: If you prefer, you can enter the client name of the host in the Client
Hostname text box (under "Use DHCP"). The limit of the Client Hostname is
16 characters.
•
Manually Configure: Select this option if you want to statically assign an IP
address to the interface. For example: you may want to assign a "static"
(permanent) address to a computer that will always be used as a server. This
enables other computers to connect to it. Static addressing is also beneficial to
users that need to maintain a "constant" connection to the Internet. Then, click
Apply.
Note: If you selected the Manually Configure option, enter the Internet address that
you want to assign to the interface in the IP Address text box. You will also enter the
subnet/netmask for the IP address. Select the appropriate netmask in the Netmask
drop-down list.
After you change the Internet address for an Ethernet or directly connected
interface, you must close the SPEEDLAN 9000 Configurator every interface.
Otherwise, the information will not be updated. If you follow this step correctly,
the next time you open the SPEEDLAN 9000 Configurator, these changes will
be updated.
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Virtual Addresses
Choose Virtual Addresses from the IP Addresses submenu (under the Network
menu) to create a public IP address that can be mapped to a private IP address. Virtual
addresses are IP addresses (usually public) that the SPEEDLAN 9000 router can use in
addition to the IP addresses assigned to each of its network interfaces. Virtual
addresses are normally used to preserve public IP addresses when a limited number is
available. Previously, virtual addresses were implicitly created when referenced in a
NAT rule. Version 3.0 requires explicit creation of a virtual address prior to referencing
it. Virtual addresses can be used to access the SPEEDLAN 9000 router for
configuration, or in NAT functions like Address Sharing, Internal Servers, and 1:1 NAT.
Virtual addresses are particularly useful when using 1:1 NAT, where you need more
than one public IP address. The virtual addresses do not need to belong to a network
assigned to one of the SPEEDLAN 9000's interfaces.
The existence of these addresses will be advertised with RIP, providing that the RIP filters
allow it. The Virtual Address page will appear when you choose the Virtual Addresses
feature.
The elements on this page are explained below:
•
IP Address: In this text box, enter the virtual address you want to add. Click
Add to add the new virtual address. (In the next figure, the user entered
"13.13.13.16" in the IP Address text box. Next, the user will click Add.)
Notes: You cannot apply an IP address from the Ethernet port’s subnet.
All virtual addresses have a netmask of /32 (255.255.255.255).
Existing Virtual Addresses
This list contains all defined virtual addresses.
•
To remove a virtual address, select it and click Delete Selected. (In the next
figure, if the user wants to remove virtual address "13.13.13.14". Then, the
user would select the check box next to it and click Delete Selected.)
•
To select all addresses, click All. To clear all selections, click None.
If an entry has "(In Use)" instead of a check box (as shown in the next figure to the right
of virtual address "13.13.13.13"), this means the virtual address is "in use" and cannot
be removed.
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Figure 3-19: Virtual address
Note: If you want to distribute virtual routes, make sure the Static Routes check box is
selected on the RIP Global Settings page under the Routing / RIP2 Setup / Global
Settings menu.
System Menu
•
Choose Config Summary to view a summarized configuration of the units.
•
Choose Version to view the current version information.
•
Choose Host Name to enter a name of the host.
•
Choose Password to modify the password entries.
•
Choose Reboot to reboot the system.
Configuration Summary
To view a summarized list of the configuration on the units, choose Config Summary
from the System menu. This is very useful tool for technical support. The Configuration
Summary for the Host page will appear displaying a summary which includes the
following information:
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•
System Version: Displays the firmware version and uptime for the unit.
•
Network Interfaces: Displays the interfaces on the network.
•
Route Table: Displays the routing information between destinations.
•
Wireless Configuration: Displays the channel, signaling rates, Max Tx
Retries, Signaling Rate Fallback and Max Throughput.
•
Blocked Wireless Links: Displays blocked links. For more information, see
Receive (Rx) Threshold Parameter, page 7-11.
•
RIP Configuration: Indicates if RIP is on or off.
•
DHCP Server Configuration: Indicates if DHCP Server Configuration is on
or off.
•
DHCP Relay Configuration: Indicates if DHCP Relay Configuration is on or
off.
•
Virtual Addresses: Displays virtual addresses.
•
NAT: Displays types of NAT.
•
Firewall: Displays if the firewall is enabled or disabled.
•
ARP Table: Displays Address Resolution Protocol statistics.
•
Statistics: Displays statistics about the wireless inbound and outbound traffic.
Note: Select the appropriate feature (noted via blue-underlined hyperlink) to jump to
the proper feature page. For example, if you click the DHCP Relay Configuration link
on the Configuration Summary page, it will bring up the DHCP Relay Configuration
page where you can modify further information.
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There is a short-cut link to the Configuration Summary by clicking the Config
Summary Link as circled in the figure below.
Figure 3-20: Config Summary Link
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Version
This page displays information about the current version. When you choose Version
under System menu, the System Version page appears displaying the following
information.
Figure 3-21: Version page
3-28
•
Firmware Version: The version of the firmware.
•
Up Time: The time since the network-management portion of the system was
last re-initialized.
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Host Name
To enter the host name of a 9000 router, choose Host Name from the System menu.
The following page will appear.
Figure 3-22: Host Name page
The hostname should contain the administratively assigned name for this managed
host.
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Password
This is where you modify the password for the current account on the SPEEDLAN 9000
Configurator. To modify password information, choose Password from the System
menu. The following page will appear.
Log Off
Config Summary
Figure 3-23: Password page
To enter a new password, do the following:
3-30
Enter the old Password in the Old Password text box.
Next, enter the new password in New Password text box.
The minimum password length is 8 characters. The maximum password length
is 16 characters (including the underscore character or spacebar).
Finally, confirm the new password in the Confirm New Password text box
and click Apply.
Warning! Do not forget your password. Keep it in a safe place.
If you lose your full access password, there is no way to recover
it without returning the router to Wave Wireless Networking.
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Reboot
To reboot the system, choose Reboot from the System menu. Then, click the Reboot
button. After clicking Reboot, it could take a minute for the 9000 to become fully
operational following a reboot.
Routing Menu
Note that full interoperability with RIP1 domains requires that the RIP2 domain be
describable as a collection of classfull networks. This requirement can artificially limit
the use of Variable Length Subnet Mask (VLSM) to support Classless Inter-Domain
Routing (CIDR).
Summary Table of Differences Between RIP 1 and RIP2
RIP Version 1
Obsolete
RIP, RIP1, RIP-1, RIPv1
STD 34 (deprecated)
1058
Classfull
Implicit, fixed length
No
None
Broadcast
Status
Acronyms
Internet Standards
Defining RFCs
Routing
Subnet Mask
Route Summarizing
Authentication
Updates Distribution
RIP Version 2
Current
RIP2, RIP-2, RIPv2
STDs 56 and 57
2453 and 1722
Classless
Explicit, variable length
Yes
Optional
Multicast
Figure 3-24: Summary Table
The submenus for general routing are specified below:
•
Choose Default Gateway to modify the IP address of the default gateway.
•
Choose RIP2 to enter settings for RIP.
•
Choose Route Table to view the information in the routing table.
•
Choose Static Routes to add static routes as additional routes, default routes
or routes that the SPEEDLAN 9000 routers do not contain in their routing
table.
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Def Gateway
If you want to modify the IP address of the default gateway, choose Def Gateway from
the Routing menu. The following page will appear.
Figure 3-25: Default Gateway page
Default Gateway: Enter the IP address of the default gateway. This is the "door"
(usually a base station) where you want the data to travel. Then, click Apply after
modifying information.
Note: Setting the default gateway is optional. This setting may be overridden by DHCP.
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RIP2 Setup
To set up global settings for RIP, from the Routing menu, choose RIP2 Setup + Global
Settings. The following page will appear.
Figure 3-26: RIP Global Settings page
The following RIP Global Settings parameters are described below:
•
Off: Select to disable RIP.
•
RIP 1: Select to enable RIP 1.
•
RIP 2: Select to enable RIP 2.
•
RIP 1 and RIP 2: Select to enable RIP 1 and RIP 2.
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Redistribute section:
•
Static routes: Select this check box to redistribute static routes so all routers
know who it has to pass through to get to the destination. Do not select this
check box if you do not want other devices on the network to learn its static
route. A static route is an IP path from one point on the network to another
point on the network.
•
Connected routes: Select this check box to redistribute connected routes,
which tells the network where it is connected. Do not select this check box if
you do not want other devices on the network to know who the router is
connected.
Click Apply when you are finished making changes.
RIP Settings
To set up RIP 2 settings, from the Routing menu, choose RIP2 Setup + the interface
(e.g., Ethernet or StarNet). The following page will appear.
Figure 3-27: RIP Settings page
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The following RIP Settings parameters are described below:
•
Off: Select this option to disable RIP.
•
On: Select this option to enable RIP.
•
RIP 1 and RIP 2: Select to enable RIP 1 and RIP 2.
•
Receive: This is from the incoming location.
•
Send: This is from the outgoing location.
Receive and Send options:
•
Global: Click this option to receive/send RIP 1, RIP 2 or RIP 1 & 2 throughout
the entire network.
•
RIP 1: Click this option to receive/send RIP1 from/to the interface.
•
RIP 2: Click this option to receive/send RIP2 from/to the interface.
•
RIP 1 and 2: Click this option to receive/send RIP 1 & 2 from/to the interface.
Authentication:
•
None: Select this option when no authentication is needed.
•
Password: Select this option when authentication is needed and then enter the
password to the right of this option. (Authentication password has a minimum
of 8 characters and a maximum of 32 characters.)
Click Apply when you are finished making changes.
Network Route Filters:
•
Distribute any routes except for the following: Select this option to
distribute all the network route routes except those which are selected in the
Filters box.
•
Do not distribute any routes except for the following: Select this option to
only distribute the selected network route filters in the Filters box.
•
Filters box: Select those filters needed for option 1 or 2 as explained above.
•
Add: Click this button to add a network route filter to the Filters box.
•
Delete: Click this button to remove a network filter from the Filters box.
•
Add Private: Select the private address from this drop-down list if you want to
include a private address in the Network Route Filters list.
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Note: If you want to create your own network route filter IP address, type them in the
four boxes provided below (each box represents the first, second, third and forth octet
in the IP address). Then, click the Add button to add the new IP address to the Filters
box.
Click Apply when you are finished making changes.
Route Table
The routing table displays routing information between destinations. To view routing
information, choose Route Table from the Routing menu. The following page will
appear.
Figure 3-28: Route Table page
Each statistic is defined below:
3-36
•
Destination: This is the destination network or host.
•
Gateway: This is a network point that acts as the "entrance door" to another
network. This is the first router that takes you to the designated host (i.e., the
next hop on the network).
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•
Mask (Netmask): The netmask is a 4-byte number that masks the network
part of the Internet IP address, so only the host computer part of the address
remains.
•
Metric: Metric is a number indicating the preference of one route link over
another. A route link with a lower number will be chosen over one with a
higher number.
•
Interface: This specifies which network interface the route will use.
Static Route
The Static Route page allows you to add static routes as additional routes, default
routes or routes that the SPEEDLAN 9000 routers do not contain in their routing table.
To open the Static Route page, choose Static Routes from the Routing menu. Then,
choose either Local or Common.
•
Local Static Routes: A local route is a route that is not shared between
neighboring routers. (Local static routes only apply to the current system.)
•
Common Static Routes: A common route is a route that is shared between
neighboring routers.
Figure 3-29: Local Static Route page
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(Common static routes apply to multiple routers and propagate updates to other
routers.)
Figure 3-30: Common Static Route page
Note: The netmask is ignored for routes to specific hosts.
Near the top of the page you will see a dynamic list about local and common static
routes.
Near the middle of the page is where you can modify or add new static route
information, and these are defined below:
3-38
•
Destination: The destination network or host.
•
Interface: Select the appropriate interface from this drop-down list.
•
Netmask: Select the appropriate value for the netmask (also in CIDR format
from /8 to /30) in this drop-down list. This is an abbreviated method of
entering the netmask. For more information, see CIDR Table (For Netmask
Information Purposes), page 3-22.
•
Gateway: This is a network point that acts as the "entrance door" to another
network. This is the first router that takes you to the designated host (i.e., the
next hop on the network).
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SPEEDLAN 9000 Series Installation and Operation User Guide
•
Version 3.03
Type: Select either Network or Host from this drop-down list. Net - How it will
route is destined to another. Host - How the route is destined to a specific host.
Note: If you do not want to use a current static route, select the routes you
want to remove and click Delete Selected. To add a new static route, click
Add..
DHCP Server Menu
The SPEEDLAN 9000 Configurator allows you to define a DHCP server on the Ethernet
interface. A DHCP server is configured with a table of Ethernet addresses, ranges of IP
addresses and maps that are assigned to client network devices asking for the network
settings. The DHCP server uses a "lease" to determine the length of time that a device
or interface can use the assigned IP address.
Servers that utilize DHCP resolve security issues, costly IP addressing services, and
compatibility problems. DHCP is a superset to BOOTP, which reduces the agony of
assigning static IP addresses, and also provides advanced configuration options.
How DHCP Assigns an IP Address
This section explains how a DHCP server assigns an address. If you are familiar with
this terminology, skip to Basic Instructions for Setting Up DHCP on an Interface,
page 3-40.
Figure 3-31: DHCP client and server
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The client asks DHCP server for IP address and configuration if needed.
Note: The DHCP server allows IP addresses be assigned dynamically at the remote
building. Distributing these administrative functions to each remote building
significantly reduces the "administrative overhead" traffic that must travel back to the
service provider's headquarters. A DHCP server is configured with a table of IP
addresses that are assigned to client network devices asking for network settings. The
DHCP server uses a "lease" to determine the length of time that a device or interface
can use the assigned IP address.
The DHCP server assigns an available IP address to the client.
The client takes the IP address from DHCP server and requests for additional
configuration that is needed.
DHCP server confirms IP address and configuration.
The SPEEDLAN 9000 Configurator allows you to assign IP addresses via DHCP on the
interfaces.
Basic Instructions for Setting Up DHCP on an Interface
Important Notes:
3-40
•
The DHCP server and DHCP client are only available for Ethernet (wired)
interfaces.
•
The DHCP server can only be configured to serve IP addresses on the
subnet where its Ethernet IP address resides.
Choose DHCP Server from the main menu. Then, choose the appropriate
interface where you want to offer DHCP.
This will bring up the DHCP page. Choose General Clients to assign an IP to
your DHCP clients. When you define the scope of IP addresses to be assigned,
make sure you do not include any of the static IPs that you have assigned on
the network. (For definitions, see General DHCP Elements Defined,
page 3-44.)
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Figure 3-32: DHCP General Clients
If you have IPs that should be assigned to a particular device, do the following:
a) Go back to the DHCP Server menu and choose the correct interface.
Then, choose the Known Clients page (screen shot located after this
step). This page is shown in Figure 3-33 on page 3-42 (for definitions, see
Known Clients Elements Defined, page 3-46).
b) This is where you can then specify the computer name or MAC
address and the corresponding IP address that should be assigned to that
device at all times.
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DHCP can be configured on only the Ethernet interface, easing the administrator
overhead when adding new computers or SPEEDLAN 9000 routers.
Figure 3-33: DHCP Known Clients page
c) If your DHCP server is a machine separate from the SPEEDLAN 9000
routers, you will need to set up DHCP Relay (by choosing DHCP Relay
from the main menu). This page is shown in DHCP Relay Configuration
page, page 3-43 (for definitions, see DHCP Relay Menu, page 3-47).
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Figure 3-34: DHCP Relay Configuration page
d) When you choose DHCP Relay, you will be asked to enter the IP
address of the DHCP server.
e) Next, you need to enable the Ethernet interface. Next, enter the IP
address of the DHCP server that is offering IPs to clients.
f) Once you have set up the SPEEDLAN 9000 router, configure the clients
to obtain an IP address from a DHCP server. If the SPEEDLAN 9000 is the
DHCP server, it will get the IP address directly from it. If the DHCP server is
located behind the SPEEDLAN 9000 routers, the DHCP request will be
forwarded to the DHCP server and then returned to the correct client
machine.
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Elements Defined on the General and Known Client Pages
This section defines the elements described in the above section, called Basic
Instructions for Setting Up DHCP on an Interface, page 3-40.
General DHCP Elements Defined
To enter general information about the DHCP server, choose (interface) + General
from the DHCP Server menu. The following page will appear.
Figure 3-35: DHCP General page
•
Disabled: Select this option to disable the DHCP server.
•
Enabled: Select this option to enable the DHCP server.
General Parameters
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•
IP Start Address: This is the start of the block of served IP addresses.
•
IP End Address: This is the end of the block of served IP addresses.
•
Default Gateway: This is the default gateway that will be assigned to DHCP
clients.
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Netmask: The netmask is a 4-byte number that masks the network part of the
Internet Protocol IP address, so only the host computer part of the address
remains.
•
Lease Time (in minutes): This is the amount of minutes that the interface,
computer or device can use the assigned IP address. When the time is up, the
IP address will revert to the pool of available addreses and can be reassigned
to another computer. (Entering "0" means the lease time never expires.)
•
Domain Name: This is the internet domain name of the organization, such as
"www.wavewireless.com". You do not enter the first portion of the domain
name, leaving the entry as "wavewireless.com".
Domain Name Servers
•
Domain Name Servers (DNS) list box: This is where the domain name
servers reside. You can prioritize them (from highest to lowest) by selecting the
DNS, and then clicking Up or Down.
•
Up/Down: After you select the DNS, use this button to prioritize it (from
highest to lowest).
•
If you want to remove any of the DNS parameters, click Delete.
If you want to change the DNS address, do one of the following:
•
To change the Domain Name Server (DNS) address: Select the DNS
address in the DNS list box. The DNS address will appear to the left of the
Add button. Edit the address and click Update when you’re finished. The
modified address will appear in the DNS list box.
•
To add a new DNS address: Enter the new DNS address (to the left of
the Add button). Then, click Add. The new address will appear in the DNS
list box. If you changed any of the DNS servers, click Apply.
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Known Clients Elements Defined
The feature allows the DHCP server to allow or decline specific client requests. It also
allows the mapping of specific IP address to certain specific network hosts. To specify
known clients for the DHCP server, choose the appropriate interface + Known Clients
from the DHCP Server menu. The following page will appear.
Figure 3-36: DHCP Known Clients page
Select one of the following options:
•
Provide addresses for known clients only: Provides addresses to those
clients that the DHCP server does recognize, and declines address to those
clients it does not recognize.
•
Provide addresses for any requests: Provides addresses to any client.
Next, enter the Host, Hardware Address and IP Address. Click Apply after you change
any information. Click Delete to remove information. Click Add to add new
information.
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Viewing Log Messages
If the DHCP server is not working properly, you can view system log messages by
choosing DHCP Server. Then, choose Log Messages. The page will display log
messages for the DHCP server. Timestamps are also reported in client time.
Timestamps track the date and time for each event in the log.
Status
To view a summary of the interfaces that the DHCP server is currently running, choose
DHCP Server. Then, choose Status. The page will display the enabled interfaces for
the DHCP server.
DHCP Relay Menu
This section defines the elements described a few pages back in the section, called
Basic Instructions for Setting Up DHCP on an Interface, page 3-40.
DHCP Relay allows you to configure the SPEEDLAN 9000 to relay (forward) any DHCP
requests originating on the Ethernet interface to a DHCP server outside of the
SPEEDLAN 9000 cloud. This allows you to use existing DHCP servers to assign IP
addresses and other configuration parameters for SPEEDLAN 9000 routers via their
wireless interfaces. If this service is enabled and no DHCP servers are listed, the
SPEEDLAN 9000 will relay DHCP requests to the DHCP server that the SPEEDLAN
9000 used to get its interface address. If this service is enabled and the SPEEDLAN
9000 did not use DHCP to get an address for its interface, then there must be at least
one DHCP server address listed for this feature to work. To set the DHCP Relay, choose
DHCP Relay from the main menu. The following page will appear.
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Figure 3-37: DHCP Relay Configuration page
To enter a new DHCP server, enter the appropriate IP address and click Add.
Click Apply when making changes. Click Delete to remove information.
Forwarding Menu
Use this menu to control how traffic is forwarded through this router. These features are
available under the Forwarding menu:
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•
Services - Defines a network service (e.g., web server, FTP and email server)
between the client and server nodes on your network. When you create a
service, you will be allowed to forward public services inward to the internal
(privately addressed) servers on your network. See Services, page 3-49.
•
Address Sharing - Address Sharing uses Network Address Translation (NAT)
to allow you to share public IP addresses with privately addressed network
nodes in order for them to access the Internet. See Address Sharing,
page 3-56.
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Internal Servers - Allows an administrator to make a service available from
an IP address, even though the owner of the IP address may not be actually
providing the service. See Internal Servers, page 3-58.
•
1:1 NAT - Allows an administrator to statically map a public IP address to the
private IP address of one of the nodes on your network. This is useful when
trying to preserve a limited number of IP addresses on the WAN network. See
1:1 NAT, page 3-60.
•
Firewall - The SPEEDLAN 9000 (via the SPEEDLAN 9000 Configurator)
allows you to control incoming and outgoing traffic. A firewall prevents
unauthorized access to a network. Utilizing the SPEEDLAN 9000 Configurator,
SPEEDLAN 9000 routers can increase security and provide additional support
to users of the network. See Firewall, page 3-61.
•
lP Sessions - The SPEEDLAN 9000 firewall offers stateful packet filtering. IP
Sessions allows you to view sessions whose state is currently active. See
IP Sessions, page 3-66.
Services
Network "Services" describe specific sessions between clients and servers, servers and
servers, or clients and clients on your network. Examples of servers that provide
services are web servers, FTP servers and email servers. Service definitions allow you to
forward public services inward to the internal (privately addressed) servers on your
network.
Note: You can also choose to allow or deny such services between networks or
individual nodes in the firewall section. For more information, see Firewall, page 3-61.
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To use the Services feature, choose Services from the Forwarding menu. The
following page will appear:
Figure 3-38: Services page
To enter a service, do the following:
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To display a service in the Service text box, you must click the Choose
button to select a service (circled in red in the previous figure). The service
describes the specific sessions between client and server nodes on your
network (e.g., web servers, FTP servers and email servers).
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The following pop-up will appear, which lists the known services.
Figure 3-39: Choose Service
Select one of the following:
•
Common Services: This list contains the most common type of network
services. (Note: SPEEDView is also listed under this list. It simply lets the
user allow SPEEDView access when the firewall is enabled.) Select the
appropriate service from this drop-down list. Then, click the Add Service
button on the Services page.
•
Less Common Services: This list contains less common types of network
services. Select the appropriate service from this drop-down list. Your
selection will be added to the Services page. Then, click the Add Service
button on the Services page.
Creating an Advanced Service
If you cannot locate the service you want to add, you can define an advanced service
by clicking the Advanced link to the right of the Choose button (as circled in blue in
Figure 3-38 on page 50). The following pop-up will appear:
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Figure 3-40: Advanced Services (adding AIM)
Advanced services can have one or more IP protocols. Under Advanced Services,
you will need to know the name of the service (or it can be unique), the
protocol(s) used and the ports needed to operate the service. For the TCP and
UDP protocols, you can define specific ports, or a range of ports. Enter the following
information:
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Service Name: Enter a new name for the service. (In the previous figure, the
user entered "AIM" because the user wanted to add AOL Instant Messenger.)
IP Protocol: Select an IP protocol for your service. If you select any protocol
other than TCP or UDP, the protocol will be immediately added to the list of
protocols for this service. (In previous figure, the user selected "UDP" because it
is the protocol for AIM.)
Port range: If you select TCP or UDP, you can specify a port or a port range.
Then, click Add Protocol to add that protocol and port to the list. Click Clear
to remove the IP protocol list if you need to start over. (In the previous figure,
the user entered port "5190".) If you are only entering a single port, enter it in
the left Port Range text box.
IP Protocols and Ports: After clicking Add Protocol, this text box will be
populated with the data, based on what you entered in the IP Protocol, Port
number and Port range text boxes.
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Click Add Service to add the service to the Existing Services list on the
Services page. (In the next figure, you can see the user’s new service, "AIM",
circled in red.)
Figure 3-41: New service added to existing services list
Existing Services
The Existing Services list shows all defined services.
•
Service Name: The name of the service.
•
IP Protocol: The IP protocol by which data sent from one network node to
another is classified (e.g., TCP, UDP, ICMP, OSPF).
•
Port: A number used in the TCP and UDP protocols to differentiate
streams. The number is included in the transmitted packets to link the
incoming data to the correct service (e.g., port 80 is used for HTTP).
Note: To remove a service, select its check box and click Delete Selected. Click All
to select all of the existing services. Click None to clear all selections. If an entry has
(In Use) instead of a check box, this means the service is in use and cannot be
removed.
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Three Features of NAT
NAT Background Info
Network Address Translation (NAT) occurs when there is a translation from one IP
address to another. There are several implementations of NAT - each with their own
purpose. One would choose the type of NAT that suits the task.
The SPEEDLAN 9000 offers 3 features that use NAT: Address Sharing, Internal Servers
and 1:1 NAT. Each is described below.
1. Address Sharing: This feature allows an administrator to share a public IP address
with privately addressed nodes. Typically, this is used to allow outbound connections to
the Internet from hosts who do not have IP addresses that can be reached from the
Internet. In implementing Address Sharing, requests to the Internet would be directed
to the SPEEDLAN 9000. The SPEEDLAN 9000 would then translate the source address
and port to one of its own, and then forward the request on to its destination. The
destination server would return the request to the SPEEDLAN 9000, which would
consult its NAT table, determine which host made the request, change the destination
address and port, and return the completed request. Similar to Internal Servers, this
process also creates the Network Address and Port Translations (NAPT). Address
sharing is possible when units need to act only as clients and do not need to respond to
requests. This is a useful feature if you have a limited number of public IP addresses.
You can use this feature to connect the whole LAN to the Internet using just one public
IP address. Here are some other benefits of address sharing:
•
reduce costs by using only one Internet account.
•
protect your information by hiding your workstations IP addresses.
•
restrict those users you want to access Internet services and resources.
The main Address Sharing page allows you to share the IP addresses assigned to the
SPEEDLAN 9000's network interfaces with all nodes connected to a different network
interface.
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2. Internal Servers: This feature allows an administrator to make a service available
from an IP address, even though the owner of the IP address may not be actually
providing the service. Typically, this is used to allow access through a firewall to a
protected server. In implementing "Internal Servers," static NAT rules are established
that forward requests on a given port to a port on a server. For example, a client
request to port 80 on the SPEEDLAN 9000 would be forwarded to an internal web
server on port 80. The web server would then handle the request and return to the
client via the SPEEDLAN 9000 router. To the client, it would appear that the reply came
from the external address.
3. 1:1 NAT: This feature allows an administrator to statically map a public IP address
to the private IP address of one of the nodes on the network. This is useful when trying
to preserve a limited number of public IP addresses on the WAN network. Otherwise,
you may be forced to split a public network into two smaller networks and incur the
penalty of network and broadcast IP address for both of the new networks. All traffic,
regardless of protocol or port, is translated from the external address to the internal
address.
For example, a client request to any port on the "advertised" IP address would be
forwarded to the IP address of the server. The server would then handle the request
and return to the client the requested data. To the client, it would appear that the reply
came from the external address. This is also referred to as Static NAT.
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Address Sharing
To share a public IP address with other computers, choose Address Sharing from the
Forwarding menu. The following page will appear:
Figure 3-42: Address Sharing page
The elements on this page are described below:
If you want to share an IP address assigned to the wireless or wired network interfaces,
select the address from the Address to Share list. (In the previous figure, the user
entered "10.0.21.84"). The "Share With Nodes" will automatically be selected (for the
Ethernet interface in this example).
Note 1: Addressing Sharing works for connections originating from a host on the
"address to share" interface/network. Connections to actual IP addresses can still be
made from the outside network; those connections will not use the shared address. To
prevent this issue, make sure the firewall is enabled.
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Note 2: If changes are made to "address sharing," connections that originated prior to
these changes may still use the previous configuration. The only way to ensure this does
not happen is to reboot the SPEEDLAN 9000 router.
If your WAN interface were the wireless network, you would share the wireless network
interface's IP address with nodes on the Ethernet network. For more options, click on
the Advanced link to the right of the "Add" button.
The following page will appear:
Figure 3-43: Advanced Address Sharing
Description of Advanced Address Sharing
The Address Sharing page allows you to share an address with all nodes connected to
one of the SPEEDLAN 9000's network interfaces. This page allows you to narrow down
the IP addresses to a specific network.
•
Interface, Host and Network: This table lists the name of the interface, IP
address of the wired and wireless host, and the IP address of the network. If
you click an IP address, it will populate the Share With text box.
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Address(es) to Share: Select a virtual address from this drop-down list. You
will need to select an Out Interface if using a virtual address from the
Address to Share list. This tells the SPEEDLAN 9000 which interface is
acting as the WAN for this operation.
•
Share With: Do of the following:
•
enter the wired or wireless private IP address where you want the public IP
address to be shared. Select a netmask that specifies a network or host
(/32), or
•
select the interface that the private nodes are connected to
(e.g., Ethernet).
Click Add to implement this setting. This will also be added to the Existing Shares list on
the bottom of this page.
Note: Click the Back To Address Sharing link to return to the previous page.
Existing Shares
This list displays the public IP addresses that are being shared with the private IP nodes.
To remove an existing share, select its check box and then click Delete Selected. Click
All to select all shares. Click None to clear all selections.
Internal Servers
Use this feature to host public (Internet) services with internal (privately addressed)
servers on your network. This allows you to offload services to multiple servers for a
given public IP address. To activate this feature, choose Internal Servers from the
Forwarding menu. The following page will appear:
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Figure 3-44: Internal Servers (NAT) page
Note: If you upgrade from version 2.x to 3.x, verify that your forwarding rules are
displayed correctly on the Internal Servers page. If your forwarding rule appears as an
"Unknown" service, define the service on the Services page. For more information, see
Services, page 3-49.
The elements on this page are described below:
•
Interface and Host: This table lists the name of the interface and host IP
addresses assigned to the wired and wireless interfaces. If you click on an IP
address, it will populate the Internal Server text box.
•
Service: This is the network service (e.g., HTTP, FTP, etc.) that is provided to the
client. The current services are displayed in the Existing Internal Servers list on
the bottom of this page. (Note: If you want to add to the list of services,
choose Services from the Forwarding menu. Then, follow the directions for
Services, page 3-49.)
•
External Address: Select the IP address where the service will be hosted.
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Internal Server: Enter the IP address of the computer on the network that will
host the service.
•
Internal Port (if applicable): If the port is different than the standard for that
service, enter it here.
When finished making changes, click Add Server. This will add the server to the
existing internal servers list. If the service has multiple TCP or UDP ports defined, a pop
up will appear allowing you to map these to ports on the internal server.
Existing Internal Servers
To remove an internal server, select its check box and click Delete Selected. Click
Select All to select all of the existing internal services. Click None to clear all
selections.
1:1 NAT
To access 1:1 NAT settings, choose 1:1 NAT from the Forwarding menu. The
following page will appear:
Figure 3-45: 1:1 NAT page
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Make sure you define at least one virtual address prior to using 1:1 NAT. To
define a virtual address, see Virtual Addresses, page 3-24.
The elements on this page are described below:
•
Interface and Host: This table lists the name of the interface and host IP
addresses assigned to the wired and wireless interfaces.
•
External Address: This lists the IP address on the "outside" network. (In the
previous figure, the user entered "13.13.13.14" for the virtual address.)
•
Internal Address: Enter the IP address for the inside or private network. This
address "hides" behind the public IP address you selected. (In the previous
figure, the user entered "192.168.69.88" for the internal IP address.)
Existing 1:1 NAT Mappings
To remove a 1:1 NAT mapping, select its check box and click Delete Selected. Click
All to select all 1:1 NAT mappings. Click None to clear all selections.
Firewall
The SPEEDLAN 9000 (via the SPEEDLAN 9000 Configurator) allows you to control
incoming and outgoing traffic.
A firewall prevents unauthorized access to a network. Utilizing the SPEEDLAN 9000
Configurator, SPEEDLAN 9000 routers can increase security and provide additional
support to the users of the network. In addition, it may help prevent dangerous packets
from intruding on a network that contains sensitive data. It does this by analyzing the
network traffic that is permitted or not permitted to enter the firewall based on
pre-established rules.
The firewall contains a checklist, and it filters traffic that enters and exits the firewall
based on the rules you set (e.g., allowing or denying certain source/destination
combinations). When traffic passes through the firewall, the firewall starts at the top of
its checklist and looks for the rule that matches its criteria. Traffic that meets the criteria
in the checklist will be permitted, and traffic that does not meet the criteria in the
checklist will be blocked. This feature allows you to restrict specific network packets
from entering or leaving your network.
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Tips on Creating Rules for Your Firewall
Before you create a rule, make sure you:
•
Understand the purpose of the rule. For example, will this rule block all
IRC traffic from the LAN to the Internet? Will this rule allow a remote mail
server to send data at the same time over the Internet to an internal mail
server?
•
Do you want the firewall to allow or deny certain traffic? What type of
traffic? What type of IP protocol?
•
What is the direction of the traffic: from the Internet to the LAN or from the
LAN to the Internet?
•
What IP services will this rule affect?
•
Which nodes (or workstations) on the LAN will these rules affect? Make a
mental note of the IP address (those on the private and public LANs) that
these rules will affect.
•
Consider the security of the network. For example, once you enable this
rule, which areas of the network will become more vulnerable?
•
Will this rule override any other rules you created?
To control traffic flow through the router, choose Firewall from the Forwarding menu.
The following page will appear:
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internal
server
interface
Going out
source IP
& netmask
destination
IP &
netmask
Figure 3-46: Firewall page
Note: When DHCP relay is enabled, it may appear as if DHCP requests get through
the firewall when they are not explicitly allowed. The reason for this is that DHCP
requests come in as link layer broadcasts (which are not filtered by the firewall) and
then the relay server unicasts from the SPEEDLAN 9000 router to the ultimate DHCP
server. These unicasts originate from the SPEEDLAN 9000 and thus are not considered
to be "forwarded" by the firewall. Turning off DHCP relay stops this behavior.
The elements on this page are explained below:
•
Enable Firewall: Select the Enable Firewall option to activate the firewall
feature.
•
Disable Firewall: Select the Disable Firewall option to disable the firewall
feature. Click Apply to activate the option you selected.
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Source Section
Arriving on: Select one of the following:
•
the interface or
•
the IP address/netmask. Then, enter the IP address for the source and
select the netmask.
Note: If you click the "…" button, the physical addresses of the interfaces will be
displayed.
Destination Section
Select one of the following:
•
Internal Servers: If there are any internal servers defined on this
SPEEDLAN 9000, you can choose one as the destination in a rule. If
there are no internal servers defined, this combo box will be disabled and
you can click on the Define one link to create an internal server.
•
Going Out: Select one of the following: the interface for the destination
or the IP address/netmask. Then, enter the IP address for the destination
and select the netmask.
•
Service: Select the name of the service if this rule applies to a single
service. This is the network service (e.g., HTTP, FTP, etc.) that is provided to
the client.
Allow or Deny Action
Select one of the following:
•
Allow: Select the Allow option to enable that traffic through the firewall.
•
Deny: Select the Deny option to block that traffic through the firewall.
•
Add: Click this button to add this rule to the Existing Firewall Rules list.
Existing Firewall Rules
This lists the existing firewall rules, and the firewall will run through the checklist as
explained in the introduction. To remove a firewall rule from the list select its check box
and click Delete Selected. Click All to select all firewall rules. Click None to clear all
selections. To change the Default Forwarding Rule, click the link that either says,
"Change to Allow" or "Change to Deny".
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Note: Once you have finished configuring your firewall, reboot the SPEEDLAN 9000
router. This will terminate any undesired connections that may have existed prior to the
firewall configuration. You can verify if such undesired connections exist by opening the
IP Sessions page, which is last function under the Forwarding menu. For more
information, see IP Sessions, page 3-66.
Special Rules for Virtual Addresses
When you create a firewall rule that references a 1:1 NAT mapping or an internal
service using a virtual address, you must specify the internal address as the destination.
This is important to know because the virtual addresses have already been translated to
their defined internal addresses before the firewall examines the packet's destination.
Tutorial: What is happening in this firewall rule set?
As previously explained, a rule set tells the firewall what it can do. The rule set checklist
follows the top-down concept. The first row takes priority, and then follows the second
row's criteria, followed by the third, and so on.
Can you explain what is happening in the example below?
Figure 3-47: Example of Firewall Rules
The explanation:
Rule 1 (FTP server): This rule will allow incoming traffic coming from the Star Net
interface to enter the firewall and go to the FTP server on 172.16.70.245.
Rule 2 (Web server): This rule will allow incoming traffic coming from the Star Net
interface to enter the firewall and go to the web server on 192.168.69.66.
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Rule 3 (Mail server): This rule will allow incoming traffic from the Star Net interface to
enter the Internet mail server on the Ethernet interface.
Note about DHCP Rules 4 and 5: DHCP spans both rules 4 and 5. These rules allow
DHCP requests to a DHCP server from the Star Net interface to enter the firewall. The
Bootps service support server requests, and the Bootpc service provides client support
for DHCP.
Rule 4 (DHCP request): This rule allows DHCP requests to a server.
Rule 5 (DHCP reply): This rule allows replies to a client.
Rule 6 (AOL Instant Messenger: AIM): This rule will allow incoming traffic from the Star
Net interface to enter the firewall so clients can run AOL Instant Messenger.
Rule 7 (Anywhere): This rule will allow traffic coming from the Ethernet interface to go
through the firewall via the Star Net interface. The intention is to go anywhere on the
internet or the network).
Rule 8 (Deny incoming traffic): This rule will tell the firewall to deny other incoming
traffic. The firewall will not allow any incoming traffic to go through the firewall.
IP Sessions
The SPEEDLAN 9000 firewall offers stateful packet filtering. IP Sessions allows you to
view sessions whose state is currently active. Choose IP Sessions from the
Forwarding menu. The following page will appear:
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Figure 3-48: IP Sessions
This list includes IP sessions terminating or originating on this router, as well as any
forwarded sessions. It is recommended that you open the IP Sessions page after you
alter any firewall rules to verify that all sessions comply with the new rules. Existing
sessions that are not allowed by the new firewall rules will be terminated. You must
reboot the router to remove these types of sessions, or wait for them to finish.
Diagnostics Menu (Troubleshooting the Network)
Choose Diagnostics to troubleshoot network problems.
•
Choose Statistics under the Diagnostics menu to view information about
inbound and outbound traffic for the interfaces (or routers).
•
Choose ARP Table to locate systems on the LAN that are configured with
incorrect IP addresses.
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Choose ICMP Stats to view ICMP messages and errors between the host
servers and gateways.
Special Note about Link & Ping Tests:
Note: If you need to perform a link test to verify that your equipment is communicating
properly at the RF level, SPEEDView is a excellent tool. This process will help you with
the performance evaluation. For more information on how to perform a link test, see
Performing a Bandwidth Test, page 8-14. You can also perform a ping test if need. For
more information, see Performing a Ping Test, page 8-15.
Interface Statistics
The Interface Statistics menu lists the current available network interfaces. To view the
statistics of an interface, choose Statistics from the Diagnostics menu. The following
page will appear.
Click to set wireless
stats to zero.
Click to have the
wireless stats refresh
automatically.
Figure 3-49: Interface Statistics page
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Wireless Statistics
Transmitted
•
Unicast Frames: Total number of unicast frames transmitted.
•
Multicast Frames: Total number of multicast frames transmitted.
•
Deferred Transmission: Total number of frames for which one or more
transmission attempt(s) was deferred to avoid a collision.
•
Single Retries: Total number of frames successfully transmitted after one (and
only one) retransmission.
•
Multiple Retries: Total number of frames successfully transmitted after more
than one retransmission.
•
Retry Limit Exceeded: Total number of frames not transmitted successfully
because the retry limit was reached.
•
Discards: Total number of frames discarded to free up buffer space.
Received
•
Unicast Frames: Total number of unicast frames received.
•
Multicast Frames: Total number of multicast frames received.
•
Star Topology Frames: Total number of star topology frames received.
•
Mesh Topology Frames: Total number of mesh topology frames received.
•
Foreign 802.11 Frames: Total number of 802.11 frames received.
•
FCS Errors: Total number of frames considered to be destined for this station,
but received with an FCS error.
•
Overruns: Total number of frames discarded to free up buffer space.
Inbound & Outbound
Refer to the definitions below for traffic moving inbound or outbound, depending on
the direction of movement. Each inbound and outbound statistic is defined below:
•
Interface: The interface on which this entry is effective.
•
IP address: This address tells the network how to locate the computers or
network equipment connected to it.
•
Packets: A unit of data transmitted between a receiver and a sender. Each
packet contains embedded information, as well as a place to go on the
network (known as the IP address).
•
Bytes: The length of the packet.
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•
Errors: The number of packets that did not reach their destination due to an
error.
•
Collisions: The number of packets that did not reach their destination
because two network nodes tried to transmit at the same time.
Note: The statistics are refreshed every time you refresh the web page.
ARP Table
ARP is the abbreviation for Address Resolution Protocol, which maps an IP address to a
machine's hardware address. Network administrators use ARP to locate systems on the
LAN that are configured with incorrect IP addresses. This helps diagnose MAC
addresses that your router knows about.
To open the ARP table, choose ARP Table from the Diagnostics menu. The following
page will appear.
Figure 3-50: ARP page
The ARP statistics are defined below:
•
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IP address: The IP address corresponding to the media-dependent 'physical'
MAC address.
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•
HW Address: In a LAN environment each computer contains its own Medium
Access Control (MAC) address which is the embedded and unique hardware
number.
•
Interface: The interface on which this entry is effective.
ICMP Statistics
ICMP is the abbreviation for Internet Control Message Protocol. ICMP supplies
messages and error reports for packets that travel between host servers and gateways.
The ICMP stats can be used to diagnose a connectivity problem. If you are trying to
ping a router and you're not getting a response, you can check the "InMsgs" to see if the
ping arrived at the router and just could not get back. This might indicate that the
router has no route back to the originator.
To view ICMP information, choose ICMP Stats from the Diagnostics menu. The
following page will appear.
Definition displays here when question mark is selected.
Figure 3-51: ICMP page
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The In Bound statistics are defined below:
•
Msgs: The total number of ICMP messages which the entity received. Note
that this counter includes all those counted by icmpInErrors.
•
Errors: The number of ICMP messages which the entity received but
determined as having ICMP-specific errors (bad ICMP checksums, bad length,
etc.).
•
Dest Unreach: The number of ICMP Destination Unreachable messages
received.
•
Time Exceeds: The number of ICMP Time Exceeded messages received.
•
Param Problems: The number of ICMP Parameter Problem messages
received.
•
Src Quenches: The number of ICMP Source Quench messages received.
•
Redirects: The number of ICMP Redirect messages received.
•
Echos: The number of ICMP Echo (request) messages received.
•
Echo Replies: The number of ICMP Echo Reply messages received.
•
Timestamps: The number of ICMP Timestamp (request) messages received.
•
Timestamp Replies: The number of ICMP Timestamp Reply messages
received.
•
Addr Masks: The number of ICMP Address Mask Request messages received.
•
Addr Mask Replies: The number of ICMP Address Mask Reply messages
received.
The Out Bound statistics are defined below:
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•
Msgs: The total number of ICMP messages which this entity attempted to
send. Note that this counter includes all those counted by icmpOutErrors.
•
Errors: The number of ICMP messages which this entity did not send due to
problems discovered within ICMP such as a lack of buffers. This value should
not include errors discovered outside the ICMP layer such as the inability of IP
to route the resultant datagram. In some implementations there may be no
types of error which contribute to this counter's value.
•
Dest Unreach: The number of ICMP Destination Unreachable messages sent.
•
Time Exceeds: The number of ICMP Time Exceeded messages sent.
•
Param Problems: The number of ICMP Parameter Problem messages sent.
•
Src Quenches: The number of ICMP Source Quench messages sent.
•
Redirects: The number of ICMP Redirect messages sent.
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•
Echos: The number of ICMP Echo (request) messages sent.
•
Echo Replies: The number of ICMP Echo Reply messages sent.
•
Timestamps: The number of ICMP Timestamp (request) messages sent.
•
Timestamp Replies: The number of ICMP Timestamp Reply messages sent.
•
Addr Masks: The number of ICMP Address Mask Request messages sent.
Addr Mask Replies: The number of ICMP Address Mask Reply messages sent.
Admin Menu
If you want to limit administrative rights to certain users, choose the Admin menu.
•
Choose Users to set passwords for the type of account needed.
•
Choose Permissions if you want to restrict certain settings to users.
•
Choose Software Update to update the 9000 router.
•
Choose Support to reset the entire configuration of the SPEEDLAN 9000
factory default settings, enable manufacturer access to the router for advanced
troubleshooting, and enable/disable communication with SPEEDSignal.
•
Choose Current Sessions from the Admin menu to view the status of a
session or to terminate it.
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User Configuration
When logged on with the full-access password, you will see the Users page. To activate
this page, choose Users from the Admin menu. The following page will appear.
Figure 3-52: User Configuration page
The classes of users are described in Classes of Users (and Passwords), page 3-10.
The User Configuration page allows you to set the SPEEDLAN 9000 Configuration to
edit the password for each type of user: Full Access, Wired Admin, Wired Read,
Wireless Admin and Wireless Read. After you make any changes, click Set.
Note: The minimum password length is 8 characters. The maximum password length is
16 characters (including the underscore character or spacebar). To revert to factory
default settings, click Reset to Factory Defaults.
Permissions
If you want to restrict certain settings to users, choose Permissions from the Admin
menu. Then, click the appropriate selection:
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•
Wired Admin: To view permission configuraton for wired administrative users.
•
Wired Read: To view permission configuration for read-only wired users.
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•
Wireless Admin: To view permission configuration for wireless administrative
users.
•
Wireless Read: To view permission configuration for wireless read-only users.
Next, the Permission Configuration page will appear.
Note: If Full Access appears, it allows you view permission configuration for fullaccess users.
On top of the page, you'll see four columns labeled: Read, Write, None and Entity.
Figure 3-53: Permissions page
•
Read column: Select the entities (web pages) that you want the full user to
view. The user will not be able to edit any entities.
•
Write column: Select the entities (web pages) that you want the user to edit.
•
None column: Select the entities (web pages) that you do not want the user to
view or edit.
•
Entity column: Displays "configuration elements" that you want the "user" to
access.
Note: Be sure to click Apply after you made your changes.
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Software Update
There are differences in updating the software on the base station compared to
updating the software on the CPE (the page references are listed below).
Note: The Software Update zip file (found on the Wave Wireless web site under the
Support + Firmware link) will contain a document describing the recent changes and
any other additional information needed to perform the update. The zip file will also
include the update (.wwn) file to perform the update.
After you have unzipped the file, make sure you extract the update file (.wwn) file to
your desktop. Then, follow the directions under the Software Update section for the
particular router.
•
For updating the software on a base station, see Software Update, page 4-16.
•
For updating the software on a CPE, see Software Update, page 5-11.
•
For updating the software on a point-to-point router, see Software Update for
Point-to-Point Primary or Secondary Routers, page 6-13 and Updating the
Software on a Local Router and Remote Router: Primary Mode Only,
page 6-15.
•
For updating the software on a mesh router, see Software Update, page 7-14.
Proxy Mode Warning
Warning! Do not use Proxy mode when performing the update. Update from the location (host) where
you are connected. If you are not directly connected, then you are proxied to another host and the
update will not work. There is a limitation of proxy mode that restricts a transaction to 60 seconds.
If the update takes longer than 60 seconds, which it frequently does, the update will be stopped.
How do you tell if you are directly connected to the host? Look in the Address bar on your Internet
browser. If you only see one IP address in the Address bar, you are directly connected. However, if
you see two IP address in the Address bar, as shown in the following figure, then you are in "Proxy" mode.
If you are not able to make a direct connection to a base in Star Mode or a primary station in pointto-point mode, then set up a static route through a CPE or secondary station in order to establish a
"direct" connection.
displays two IP addresses (Proxy mode)
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Support
This page displays some support function features for Technical Support, Access to
SPEEDSignal (for Pocket PC) and Reset to Factory Default. You can access these
features by choosing Support from the Admin menu. The following page will appear:
Figure 3-54: Support page
The elements on this page are explained below:
Access By Manufacturer's Tech Support
This is where you can enable the manufacturer to access the router for advanced
troubleshooting (by choosing the Enabled option). The factory default is disabled and
should remain disabled unless requested by a manufacturer's technical support
representative (by choosing the Disabled option). Click Apply when finished.
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Access for Wireless SPEEDSignal
This feature is used to enable or disable Pocket PC PDAs to communicate with
SPEEDSignal.
•
Click the Enabled option to enable communication with SPEEDSignal.
•
Click the Disabled option to disable communication with SPEEDSignal. Click
Apply when finished.
Note about upgrading SPEEDSignal: After upgrading an earlier version than 3.0,
the default setting for SPEEDSignal for Pocket PC PDA is disabled. After upgrading a
version greater than 3.0, the current state is maintained.
Reset to Factory Default
If you need to reset the entire configuration of the SPEEDLAN 9000 to factory default
settings, click Reset All Configuration to the Factory Default.
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Current Sessions
Figure 3-55: Current Sessions
Current Sessions is activated by choosing Current Sessions from the Admin menu.
This page displays the active actions for the web server. It displays who is logged on
and also lets you terminate the session by clicking the Terminate link.
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Chapter 4
Using the Configurator to Set
Up Special Parameters for a
Base Station
This chapter covers only those special parameters needed to set
up a base station, such as:
•
Network menu: Interfaces for Base Mode, page 4-2;
Authentication Section, page 4-4; Star Timing Parameters Section, page 4-7 and Turning on Encryption,
page 4-8
•
Wireless menu: Channel and Rates, page 4-10; Max Tx
Retries and Signaling Rate Fallback, page 4-12 and
Max Throughput (Regulating Bandwidth), page 4-14
•
Admin menu: Software Update, page 4-16 and Updating the Software on a Base Station and CPE, page 4-17
All other common configuration information can be found in
General Functions of the Configurator, page 3-1.
Version 3.03
SPEEDLAN 9000 Series Installation and Operation User Guide
Network Menu
•
To enter the interface (router) type and network name of the interface(s),
choose Interfaces from the Network menu.
•
To define what CPE routers are participating in the network, choose Base
Station Config from the Network menu. If you choose this option, see If you
clicked the "System Wide Settings" button..., page 4-4 and If you clicked Per
CPE Settings Button..., page 4-8.
Interfaces for Base Mode
The Network Interfaces page will appear when you choose Interfaces under the
Network menu. This is where you enter the interface type and network name of the
interface or the router.
Select the base station from
the Interface Type drop-down
list. When finished, click
Apply. This will tell the configurator that you are in
base station mode.
Click Base Station
Config to modify
authentication or
Star Timing
Parameters.
Figure 4-1: Selecting base station mode
4-2
•
Network Name: This is the fixed or wireless interface (e.g., base station).
•
Hardware Address: In a LAN environment each network interface contains its
own Medium Access Control (MAC) address which is the embedded and
unique hardware number.
•
Status: This is the state of the interface. Up - ready to pass packets; Down cannot pass packets.
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SPEEDLAN 9000 Series Installation and Operation User Guide
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•
IP Address: This address tells the network how to locate the computers or
network equipment connected to it.
•
Netmask: The netmask is a 4-byte number that masks the network part of the
Internet Protocol IP address, so only the host computer part of the address
remains.
•
Interface Type: Select the interface (e.g., base station) from this drop-down
list. (This will tell the configurator that you are in base station mode.)
•
Network Name: The type of network for the wireless or fixed router.
•
Enable Forwarding: Select the Enable Forwarding option to enable the
forwarding of IP packets from the wired interface to the wireless interface and
vice-versa.
•
Disable Forwarding: Select the Disable Forwarding option to disable the
forwarding of IP packets from the wired interface to the wireless interface and
vice-versa.
•
Apply: Click after making changes.
•
Base Station Config: Click to define what CPE routers are participating in the
star network. When you click this button, a new page will appear as follows:
Figure 4-2: Per CPE Settings page
Using the Configurator to Set Up Special Parameters for a Base Station
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•
•
Click System Wide Settings (left circle in Figure 4-2 on page 4-3) to set the
timing parameters for the CPE routers on the star network. This will bring up a
page where you can control how a base station treats CPE routers during time
periods when they have no network traffic to send and set the pass phrase for
all CPE routers. The following sections will be on this page:
•
See Authentication Section, page 4-4
•
See Star Timing Parameters Section, page 4-7
Click Per CPE Settings (right circle in Figure 4-2 on page 4-3) to bring up a
page so you can turn on encryption. For more information, see If you clicked
Per CPE Settings Button..., page 4-8.
If you clicked the "System Wide Settings" button...
Click Defaults to load
the proper default
settings for the Config.
Figure 4-3: System Wide Settings page
Authentication Section
4-4
•
Using MAC Address: Select this check box if you want to authenticate using
the MAC address. Then, click Apply.
•
Using Pass Phrase: Select this check box if you want to authenticate using the
pass phrase. Then, click Apply.
Using the Configurator to Set Up Special Parameters for a Base Station
SPEEDLAN 9000 Series Installation and Operation User Guide
•
Version 3.03
Enter the pass phrase in the Pass Phrase text box and confirm it (for
authentication). Then, click Set Pass Phrase for All CPEs.
(Pass Phrases have a minimum of 8 characters and a maximum of 32
characters.)
Performance Settings
If you dick the question mark next to "Performance Settings," the following text will
appear in a separate dialog box:
New timing parameters have been added to allow the network manager to customize
the network to a particular operating environment. Use these settings to tailor the
network with respect to both link strength/reliability, as well as the type of network
application(s).
(Background information: In the star topology, the base station polls each CPE router
periodically, giving the routers the chance to transmit some of their queued data. The
base station must set a timeout timer, in case a response is not received from the polled
CPE router. After each CPE router is polled, the base station also has the opportunity to
transmit some queued data.)
The following parameters are used in the implementation of the polling strategy, as
described above:
•
Max Frames Per BASE Timeslot
The maximum number of frames of queued data that the base will transmit
during one poll slot.
•
Max Frames Per CPE Timeslot
The maximum number of frames of queued data that the CPE router will
transmit during one poll slot.
•
Max Frames Per CPE Timeslot When only 1 CPE is Busy
The maximum number of frames of queued data that the CPE router will
transmit during one poll slot when only a single CPE router is considered to be
"busy." This parameter is an optimization that allows a CPE router to transmit
more queued data during a single poll slot if the network is idle. If a CPE
router is the only CPE router responding to polls with actual queued data for a
period of time, as measured by the base, it is deemed to be the only busy CPE
router in the network. In that event, this parameter will govern how much the
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CPE router is allowed to transmit during each poll. Note that determining the
"single busy CPE" router is dynamic. And, as soon as other CPE routers
respond to a poll with queued data, the network is deemed to have multiple
busy CPE routers.
•
Poll Timeout Interval (expressed in units of 10 milliseconds)
The base station waits for each CPE router to respond to each poll. If a
response never arrives, the base station must continue polling other CPE
routers (or the same router again). This parameter governs how much time the
base station is willing to wait for a response to a given CPE poll. Note that this
value is strictly a timeout value in the case of no CPE response, and is not the
amount of time between polls. The range is from 1-30. The default value is
20.
Click Apply after making changes.
Notes:
4-6
•
The Max Frames Per Base/CPE parameters should be optimized for each
individual network topology, environment, and requirement set. For example,
in networks where high throughput is desired, higher values for maximum
frames per base/ CPE timeslot are often desirable. On the other hand, in a
network that needs to be optimized for low latency, these parameters can be
set to lower values.
•
The network administrator must take several points into consideration when
setting the poll timeout interval. It should be set high enough to allow any CPE
router to send its queued data (with retries taken into account). For example, if
Maxi Frames Per CPE Timeslot=4 and the CPE retry limit = 6 for that CPE, in
the extreme case one could encounter the following: The CPE router transmits
7 (original frame + 6 retries) frames for each allowed frame per timeslot (4) =
28 frames. The time to do this depends on the signaling rate being used and
the length of each frame, which are network and application specific. The timeout interval is reset after each successful received frame, but if (due to noise),
all frames where lost, you would need to wait the full 28 frame period before
moving on to the next CPE router. If you poll the next CPE router before the
previous CPE router is finished transmitting, collisions (and more loss) will
result.
•
It is not necessary to reboot the system after changing these
parameters because these changes immediately become active.
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Star Timing Parameters Section
The timing parameters control how a base station treats CPE routers during time
periods when they have no network traffic to send.
The different polling parameters relate to aging inactive nodes (or sites) off the active
list so a base station does not have to continuously poll them, thereby slowing down
other sites that are more active. If a base station has to poll a router which continuously
responds with "No, I don't have any traffic to send," bandwidth potential is lost since
other routers with traffic to send must wait. On the other hand, if a router is rarely
polled, or even removed from the polling table, it will encounter an additional delay the
next time it has data to transmit. The trade-off is one of latency versus throughput. If
you make the latency too high, users may complain about the delay they will encounter
when they send traffic after a period of inactivity. Conversely, if you make the latency
too low, total network throughput decreases. Although each router has fixed
parameters for each of the three polling stages already set when it leaves Wave
Wireless, the end user is allowed to configure them to fit their own requirements and
applications.
Note: All values are in seconds. The minimum is 0.1 seconds and the maximum is
1,000 seconds (or 1ms).
•
Idle Time: The consecutive amount of time since a CPE has transmitted traffic
when it was polled. There are 3 categories (listed below).
•
Idle Category 1: The default time is 2 seconds.
•
Idle Category 2: The default time is 5 seconds.
•
Idle Category 3: The default time is 30 seconds.
•
Idle Penalty: How long, at a maximum, a CPE in the corresponding category
(Idle Category 1, 2 or 3) has to wait until it gets polled. At a minimum it takes
2ms to poll a CPE. For example, if it takes 2ms to poll a CPE, multiply the
number of CPE routers (e.g., 8 routers) by 2 (e.g., 8 x 2 = 16). Then, divide 1
second (1,000ms) by this quantity (e.g., 16) to get the maximum number of
times a CPE router can be polled per second (e.g.,1,000 divided by 16 = 62).
(In this example, the calculation really comes to 62.5 but you cannot poll in
half seconds, only full seconds so it’s rounded down.)
•
Penalty 1: The default penalty time is 0.25 seconds.
•
Penalty 2: The default penalty time is 1 second.
•
Penalty 3: The default penalty time is 2 seconds.
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Note: If you want to reset the above parameters, click Defaults.
If you clicked Per CPE Settings Button...
Turning on Encryption
Select to connect the
router to the network.
If you want to disconnect
the router from the network, do not select this
check box.
Click the lock to lock
to enable encryption.
Figure 4-4: Per CPE Settings page
4-8
On the top half of the page: You have to authenticate an IP address for each
CPE so it is listed in the routing table. To do this, enter the hardware address
of the CPE in the Hardware (MAC) Address text box. Determine if you want
to enable or encrypt it by selecting the appropriate checkbox and click Add.
The IP addresses will not be active until the user logs on the particular CPE
router.
On the bottom half of the page: If you want the router to be connected to the
network, click the Enable Node checkbox. If you want to disable the router
from the network, make sure this check box is not selected. Encyption is locked
if the lock image is displayed, and encyption is unlocked if the unlocked image
is displayed under the "Encrypt" column.
Click Modify to change an existing pass phrase that was set for a given CPE.
Click Create if the pass phrase has not been set for a given CPE.
Using the Configurator to Set Up Special Parameters for a Base Station
SPEEDLAN 9000 Series Installation and Operation User Guide
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Note: You can configure a base station router on this page if you delete the existing
one by clicking Delete.
Click Create if the CPE was never given a pass phrase (and it is blank). The
following dialog box will appear.
Figure 4-5: Set Pass Phrase for Unit box
Enter the appropriate information and click Set Pass Phrase when you are
done. (Pass Phrases have a minimum of 8 characters and a maximum of 32
characters.) Then, exit this dialog box go back.
Click Apply Changes to update the system.
Other elements on the Per CPE Settings page:
•
All (at bottom of page): Click to select all routers under the appropriate
category (Enable, Encrypt, MAC or Pass).
•
None (at bottom of page): Click to clear all routers under the appropriate
category (Enable, Encrypt, MAC or Pass).
•
Delete: Click to remove the hardware address.
•
Apply: Click after making changes.
Using the Configurator to Set Up Special Parameters for a Base Station
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Wireless menu
Choose Configuration from the Wireless menu, and click one of the following
buttons:
•
If you click the Channel and Rates button, you will be able to select the
channel and signaling rate of the interface. For more information, see
Channel and Rates, page 4-10.
•
If you click the Tx Retries button, you will be able to set the Transmit Retry Limit
and Signaling Rate Fallback. For more information, see Max Tx Retries and
Signaling Rate Fallback, page 4-12.
•
If you click the Max Throughput button, you will be able to set the Max
Transmit Data Rate in Kb/s. For more information, see Max Throughput
(Regulating Bandwidth), page 4-14.
Channel and Rates
Figure 4-6: Channel and Rates page
4-10
•
Primary Firmware: This is the current primary firmware version in use by the
wireless card.
•
Station Firmware: This is the current station firmware version in use by the
wireless card.
Using the Configurator to Set Up Special Parameters for a Base Station
SPEEDLAN 9000 Series Installation and Operation User Guide
•
Version 3.03
Channel: This is the specific band of frequencies (from 1 to 11) to determine
the data path between routers. All SPEEDLAN 9000 routers expected to
communicate in a network must have the same channel (frequency). Select
one of the following channels (all are represented in GHz) from the Channel
drop-down list:
2.412
2.417
2.422
2.427
2.432
2.437
2.442
2.447
2.452
10 2.457
11 2.462
•
Signaling Rate: This setting refers to the wireless signaling rate. The
SPEEDLAN 9000 routers have four signaling rates that can be used. Select
one of the following check boxes:
•
1 Mb/s: This setting limits the card by providing 1 Mb/s of bandwidth.
The minimum receiver sensitivity of the radio with this setting is -92 dBm.
•
2 Mb/s: This setting limits the card by providing 2 Mb/s of bandwidth.
The minimum receiver sensitivity of the radio with this setting is -89 dBm.
•
5.5 Mb/s: This setting limits the card to providing 5.5 Mb/s of
bandwidth. The minimum receiver sensitivity of the radio with this setting is
-88 dBm.
•
11 Mb/s: This is the full 11 Mb/s signaling rate. This value is
recommended for most installations. The minimum receiver sensitivity of
the radio with this setting is -85 dBm.
Note: The network can automatically downgrade the bandwidth if needed (that is, if
lower Mb/s settings are selected).
Note: If you want to use the signaling rate and frequency settings on remote routers,
select them and click Apply to Selected Nodes. If you want to select all of the routers,
click Select All.
Using the Configurator to Set Up Special Parameters for a Base Station
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SPEEDLAN 9000 Series Installation and Operation User Guide
Max Tx Retries and Signaling Rate Fallback
This page includes two features: Max Tx Retries and Signaling Rate Fallback. On the
figure below, Max Tx Retries is circled in red and Signaling Rate Fallback is circled in
blue. The following page appears when the Tx Retries button is clicked:
vx.xx
Figure 4-7: Tx Retries and Signaling Rate Fallback page
Note: To apply settings to other network nodes, select them and click Apply to
Selected Nodes.
Max Tx Retries
Wave Wireless recommends that you use this parameter to increase the throughput of
your wireless network. This parameter tells a network node the maximum number of
times a unicast frame can be retransmitted before it is discarded. (A unicast frame is
one that is transmitted to a single node in a network.) This allows a network manager to
tune a network for its particular topology and expected traffic characteristics. The
network topology, RF environment, number of nodes, throughput requirements, latency
requirements, and type of applications are all factors in choosing an appropriate value
for this parameter.
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Using the Configurator to Set Up Special Parameters for a Base Station
SPEEDLAN 9000 Series Installation and Operation User Guide
Version 3.03
This parameter can be tuned on a per unit basis in order to optimize network
performance. Click Default to get the default value of 7. You can select a value
between 0 and 8 from the Max Tx Retries drop-down list.
Signaling Rate Fallback
During the retransmission of a unicast frame, the signaling rate can "fall back" in order
to increase the chance of reception. Signaling Rate Fallback can occur multiple times
for a single frame. Signaling Rate Fallback occurs from the current rate and will only
include those signaling rates selected on the Channel and Rates page. After ten
consecutive successful unicast frames, the current rate is restored to the highest
selected rate.
The Signaling Rate Fallback parameter allows you to control when the signaling rate
will drop, depending on the check box(es) you selected. That is, the check box(es)
labeled, "Allow signaling rate fallback on retry" (circled in blue on previous figure).
The following parameters (check boxes) govern at which point in the re-transmission
process the rate may be dropped:
•
1st retry: Will drop signaling rate on first retry.
•
2nd retry: Will drop signaling rate on second retry.
•
3rd retry: Will drop signaling rate on third retry.
•
4th retry: Will drop signaling rate on forth retry.
•
5th retry: Will drop signaling rate on fifth retry.
•
6th retry: Will drop signaling rate on sixth retry.
•
7th retry: Will drop signaling rate on seventh retry.
Example:
The network administrator has configured the allowable transmit signaling rates to be
11, 5.5, 2, and 1 Mb/s. (These values can be selected on the Channel and Rates page
under the Wireless menu.) In addition, the network administrator has selected 7 from
the Max Tx Retries drop-down list and set the signaling rate to "fall back" on the
second, fourth, and sixth retry attempts (as shown in blue on previous figure). When the
intended recipient does not acknowledge a transmitted unicast frame, it will be
retransmitted again (after a short timeout) at the current rate (e.g., 11 Mb/s). If this
attempt is also unsuccessful (e.g., the receiver did not acknowledge it), the signaling
Using the Configurator to Set Up Special Parameters for a Base Station
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SPEEDLAN 9000 Series Installation and Operation User Guide
rate will drop to 5.5 Mb/s and another attempt will be made. If after the third retry, the
transmission is still not successful, the signaling rate will drop to 2 Mb/s for the fourth
and fifth retry, and then to 1 Mb/s for the sixth and seventh retry (if needed).
The recipient sends acknowledgements at the same signaling rate at which it receives
frames. When a frame is successfully transmitted (acknowledgement received in the
case of unicast), the transmitter immediately proceeds to the next frame. The last
signaling rate used to transmit (other than acknowledgements) becomes the current
rate. After ten consecutive unicast frames, the current rate returns to the highest rate
selected, if it is not already at that signaling rate. Note that the receiver's signaling rate
is not affected (other than returning the acknowledgement at a possibly different rate).
Each transmitter's fallback schedule is independent of the signaling rate used by other
transmitters.
Max Throughput (Regulating Bandwidth)
Max Throughput is useful to ISPs that want to regulate the maximum bandwidth
provided to each customer. The following page appears when you click the Max
Throughput button:
Figure 4-8: Max Throughput page
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Using the Configurator to Set Up Special Parameters for a Base Station
SPEEDLAN 9000 Series Installation and Operation User Guide
Version 3.03
The Max Transmit Data Rate (in Kb/s) default is set to 6500; click Default to get default
value. The range is from 100 to 6500 Kb/s.
If you want to use these settings on remote routers, select them and click Apply to
Selected Nodes. If you want to select all of the routers, click Select All.
Admin Menu
Remote Control
To remotely reboot or turn off the SPEEDLAN 9000 base stations, choose Remote
Control from the Admin menu. The following page will appear.
Figure 4-9: Remote Control for base mode
Select the base stations you want to reboot and click Reboot Selected Nodes.
Using the Configurator to Set Up Special Parameters for a Base Station
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SPEEDLAN 9000 Series Installation and Operation User Guide
Software Update
To update the software on the local base station or on the remotes (e.g., CPE, Ethernet,
etc.), choose Software Update from the Admin menu. The Software Update page will
appear (for Local or Star Net). Note: The Software Update zip file (found on the Wave
Wireless web site under the Support + Firmware link) will contain a document
describing the recent changes and any other additional information needed to perform
the update. The zip file will also include the update (.wwn) file to perform the update.
After you have unzipped the file, make sure you extract the update file (.wwn) file to
your desktop. Then, follow these directions:
Updating the Local Base Station
If you only need to update the software on a base station, choose Local (under the
Software Update submenu).
Figure 4-10: Updating the local base station
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Using the Configurator to Set Up Special Parameters for a Base Station
SPEEDLAN 9000 Series Installation and Operation User Guide
Version 3.03
This operation is a two-step process:
Upload the Software Update file. Locate the latest software file (by clicking
Browse) and click Upload Software Update File.
Install the Software Update.
Note: When you updated your network in the past, the remotes would not be rebooted
until the final step. This step happened after you clicked the Reboot Updated Nodes
button. Now the remotes are automatically rebooted after a successful upgrade. The
local or connected router is not rebooted until you click the Reboot Updated Nodes
button at the end of the upgrade.
Updating the Software on a Base Station and CPE
To update the software on a base station and on a CPE, choose the interface (e.g., Star
Net) under Software Update submenu.
IP address
Host name
MAC address
Firmware version
Figure 4-11: Updating software on a base station and CPE
Using the Configurator to Set Up Special Parameters for a Base Station
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SPEEDLAN 9000 Series Installation and Operation User Guide
This operation is a two-step process:
4-18
Select the remotes (CPE routers) where you want to update the software. (The
IP addresses that are selectable are active. If only a MAC address is listed, or a
bunch of zeros, then these represent inactive devices.
Upload the Software Update file. Locate the latest software file (by clicking
Browse) and click Upload Software Update File to Selected Nodes.
Install the Software Update. Note: When you updated your network in the
past, the remotes would not be rebooted until the final step. This step
happened after you clicked the Reboot Updated Nodes button. Now the
remotes are automatically rebooted after a successful upgrade. The local or
connected router is not rebooted until you click the Reboot Updated Nodes
button at the end of the upgrade.
Using the Configurator to Set Up Special Parameters for a Base Station
Chapter 5
Using the Configurator to Set
Up Special Parameters for
CPE Routers
This chapter covers only those special parameters needed to set
up the Customer Premise Equipment (CPE), such as:
•
Network menu: Interfaces for CPE Mode, page 5-2;
Base Station Information, page 5-3; and Authentication, page 5-4
•
Wireless menu: Channel and Rates, page 5-6; Max Tx
Retries and Signaling Rate Fallback, page 5-8 and Max
Throughput (Regulating Bandwidth), page 5-10
•
Admin menu: Software Update, page 5-11
All other common configuration information can be found in
General Functions of the Configurator, page 3-1.
Version 3.03
SPEEDLAN 9000 Series Installation and Operation User Guide
Network Menu
Interfaces for CPE Mode
The Network Interfaces page will appear when you choose Interfaces under the
Network menu. This is where you enter the interface type and network name of the
interface or the router.
Select the CPE from the
Interface Type drop-down
list. When finished, click
Apply. This will tell the
configurator that you are in
CPE mode.
This is the network name of
the type of interface.
Figure 5-1: Selecting CPE mode
5-2
•
Network Name: This is the fixed or wireless interface (e.g., CPE).
•
Hardware Address: In a LAN environment each network interface contains its
own Medium Access Control (MAC) address which is the embedded and
unique hardware number.
•
Status: This is the state of the interface. Up - ready to pass packets; Down cannot pass packets.
•
IP Address: This address tells the network how to locate the computers or
network equipment connected to it.
•
Netmask: The netmask is a 4-byte number that masks the network part of the
Internet Protocol IP address, so only the host computer part of the address
remains.
Using the Configurator to Set Up Special Parameters for CPE Routers

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Wave Wireless Networking SL9101A Spread Spectrum Transmitter User Manual USERS MANUAL 1

Wave Wireless Networking Spread Spectrum Transmitter USERS MANUAL 1

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USERS MANUAL 1

FCC ID Filing: NCBSL9101A

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