Wave Wireless Networking SLXE2 Spread Spectrum Transmitter User Manual SPEEDLAN manual

SPEEDLAN 4100 & 4200 Installation and Operation User Guide

-1

Version 1.0 / Last Revised August, 2000

Wave Wireless Networking

a SPEEDCOM Wireless Company

1748 Independence Blvd. C-5

Sarasota, FL 34234

941-358-9283

www.speedlan.com

SPEEDLAN Shelf Mount Manual

Product ID NCBSLXE2

Installation and Operation User Guide

Version 1.1 / Last Revised July 15, 2001

Wave Wireless Networking

a SPEEDCOM Wireless Company

1748 Independence Blvd., C-5

Sarasota, FL 34234

941-358-9283

www.wavewireless.com

SPEEDLAN 4100 & 4200 Installation and Operation User Guide

-2

Copyright/Liability

rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, transmitted, transcribed, stored in a retrieval system, or

translated into any language in any form by any means without the written permission Wave Wireless, a SPEEDCOM Wire-

less Company.

Wave Wireless Networking, a SPEEDCOM Wireless Company, shall not be liable for errors contained herein or for inci-

dental or consequential damages in connection with the furnishing, performance, or use of this material. Wave Wireless

Networking, a SPEEDCOM Wireless Company, reserves the right to revise this publication from time to time and make

changes in content without obligation to notify any person of such revision changes.

Contents of this publication may be preliminary and/or may be changed at any time without notice and shall not be

regarded as a warranty.

Trademarks

Wave Wireless Networking's name and all trademarks in this document are property of SPEEDCOM Wireless, except for

Microsoft® Corporation Windows 95®, Windows 98®, and Windows NT®.

SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide

Contents-1

Chapter 1 - Introduction .................................................................................. 1-1

Features and Benefits .................................................................................................................1-2

Transparent Ethernet Bridging with Advanced Filtering for Security and Network Reliability ........1-2

IP Routing with Advanced Filtering for Security.......................................................................1-3

SNMP Management............................................................................................................1-3

Wireless Multipoint Protocol ................................................................................................1-3

ISP Functionality .................................................................................................................1-3

Features ...................................................................................................................................1-4

SNMP Features...................................................................................................................1-4

ISP Features .......................................................................................................................1-4

SNMP Management............................................................................................................1-4

IP-Router Features ..............................................................................................................1-5

Encryption Features (Add-on Option)....................................................................................1-5

Chapter 2 - Quick Start .................................................................................... 2-1

System Description .....................................................................................................................2-2

Rooftop and Tower Installations Warning..............................................................................2-2

Package Contents ......................................................................................................................2-2

Installation Steps ........................................................................................................................2-3

Installation Diagram ...................................................................................................................2-7

Polarizations on a Grid Antenna .................................................................................................2-8

Vertical Polarity & Horizontal Polarity ....................................................................................2-8

Chapter 3 - Hardware....................................................................................... 3-1

Drawings of Components ...........................................................................................................3-2

SPEEDLAN Front Panel.......................................................................................................3-3

SPEEDLAN Back Panel ........................................................................................................3-3

Restoring Factory Default Settings on the SPEEDLAN ....................................................................3-4

Updating the Firmware ...............................................................................................................3-5

Chapter 4 - Overview of Configurator ............................................................ 4-1

Installation and Setup .................................................................................................................4-2

Windows 95/98/NT 4.0 SPEEDLAN Configurator .................................................................4-2

Toolbar and Menus....................................................................................................................4-2

File Menu ..........................................................................................................................4-2

Configuring a SPEEDLAN Brouter .................................................................................4-2

Configuring a Saved Configuration File ........................................................................4-3

Exporting and Importing a Configuration.......................................................................4-3

The Toolbar .......................................................................................................................4-4

The Menu Bar ....................................................................................................................4-4

Quick Overview of Other Menus..................................................................................4-5

SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide

Contents-2

Chapter 5 - Configuring SPEEDLAN ............................................................. 5-1

General Setup ...........................................................................................................................5-2

Interface & Advanced Interface Setup..........................................................................................5-5

Interface Setup ...................................................................................................................5-5

Advanced Interface Setup ....................................................................................................5-6

The Setup Buttons ......................................................................................................................5-6

Setup 1 Button - Ethernet Setup............................................................................................5-6

Setup 2 Button - 11 Mb RF Interface Setup ...........................................................................5-7

Transport Methods ......................................................................................................5-8

Advanced Button - 11 Mb RF Interface Setup...............................................................5-10

Frequency Button - 11 Mb Frequency Setup ................................................................5-11

Security Button - 11 Mb RF Security Setup ...................................................................5-12

Chapter 6 - Bridging Setup.............................................................................. 6-1

Bridge Setup ..............................................................................................................................6-2

Protocol Filtering ................................................................................................................6-3

Edit Button - Ethernet Protocols.....................................................................................6-3

MAC Filtering.....................................................................................................................6-4

Advanced Features Button ...................................................................................................6-5

Storm Thresholds Button......................................................................................................6-7

Tunnel Partners Button ........................................................................................................6-8

Chapter 7 - Setting Up the IP Addresses (IP Host Setup) ............................ 7-1

Part I - Quick Overview of IP Addressing ......................................................................................7-2

What is an IP address?........................................................................................................7-2

Internet Address Classes......................................................................................................7-3

In fact, IP defines five classes:.......................................................................................7-4

Subnetting a Network..........................................................................................................7-5

What is a Subnet? .......................................................................................................7-6

What is a Subnet Mask? ..............................................................................................7-6

Diagram of Subnetting a Network.................................................................................7-7

How does a network administrator assign an IP address? .......................................................7-8

What is DHCP? ..................................................................................................................7-8

Figure of DHCP Addressing .........................................................................................7-9

What is NAT?...................................................................................................................7-10

Diagram of Outgoing NAT................................................................................................7-11

Diagram of Incoming NAT ................................................................................................7-12

Part II - Setting Up the IP Address...............................................................................................7-13

Enabling the DHCP Client and Choosing the Appropriate Interface.......................................7-14

Enabling the DHCP Server on the SPEEDLAN ......................................................................7-15

Assigning a Static IP Address..............................................................................................7-18

Part III - Setting Up NAT............................................................................................................7-20

Outgoing NAT .................................................................................................................7-20

Incoming NAT ..................................................................................................................7-22

SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide

Contents-3

Chapter 8 - IP-Router Setup ............................................................................ 8-1

IP Routing Setup.........................................................................................................................8-2

Add/Direct Button...............................................................................................................8-3

Add/Indirect Button.............................................................................................................8-4

More Button - RIP Routing ...................................................................................................8-5

Chapter 9 - SNMP Setup.................................................................................. 9-1

SNMP Setup ..............................................................................................................................9-2

Chapter 10 - System Access Setup.............................................................. 10-1

System Access Setup.................................................................................................................10-2

Chapter 11 - SNMP Monitoring ..................................................................... 11-1

Remote Statistics ......................................................................................................................11-2

Interface Monitor .....................................................................................................................11-5

Ethernet-like Interface Monitor...................................................................................................11-8

SectorPRC Station Entries ........................................................................................................11-10

11Mb RF Interface .................................................................................................................11-12

SNMP Monitor .......................................................................................................................11-14

SNMP Messages Received ...............................................................................................11-14

SNMP Messages Sent......................................................................................................11-16

IP Monitor .............................................................................................................................11-17

IP/TCP/UDP Monitor ..............................................................................................................11-20

TCP...............................................................................................................................11-20

UDP ..............................................................................................................................11-22

ICMP Monitor ........................................................................................................................11-23

ICMP Messages Received ................................................................................................11-23

ICMP Messages Sent.......................................................................................................11-24

Chapter 12 - Tables........................................................................................ 12-1

System Information...................................................................................................................12-2

Bridge Learn Table ...................................................................................................................12-3

IP ARP Table ............................................................................................................................12-5

IP Route Table .........................................................................................................................12-7

IP/TCP Connection Table..........................................................................................................12-9

IP/UDP Listener Table .............................................................................................................12-10

Local IP-Address Table............................................................................................................12-11

Chapter 13 - Analyzing Wireless Equipment ............................................... 13-1

Select Another Device...............................................................................................................13-2

Analysis Polling Interval.............................................................................................................13-3

Wireless Link Test .....................................................................................................................13-3

Antenna Alignment...................................................................................................................13-8

Glossary......................................................................................................................... Glossary-1

Glossary of General Data Communications ...................................................................... Glossary-2

SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide

Contents-4

Appendixes.........................................................................................Appendix-1

Appendix A ..................................................................................... Appendix A-1

Common Ethernet Protocols............................................................................................ Appendix-2

Common Ethernet Vendor Addresses ............................................................................... Appendix-6

Common Ethernet Multicast Addresses........................................................................... Appendix-26

Common Ethernet Broadcast Addresses ......................................................................... Appendix-29

Appendix B ..................................................................................... Appendix B-1

Startup LED Patterns .................................................................................................... Appendix B-2

Index...........................................................................................................Index-1

Product License Agreement ............................. Product License Agreement-1

Chapter 1

Introduction

What’s New in This Manual?

•All references formely known as "CampusPRC" are now

refered to as "SectorPRC."

•SPEEDLAN products include the silver 64-bit encryption

card and the gold 128-bit encryption card. For more

information, see Security Button - 11 Mb RF Security

Setup, page 5-12.

SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide

1-2 Introduction

Features and Benefits

The SPEEDLAN shelfmount products are high performance 11 MB wireless bridges that create

interconnectivity between buildings and provide an alternative to Telco leased and fiber optic lines.

The SPEEDLAN shelfmount bridges present unparalleled performance and features for any

organization needing high-speed connectivity between enterprise LAN-to-LAN applications such as

school or campus network connections, banking, manufacturing, hospitals and clinics. This enables

a central Ethernet LAN to be connected with one or more branch office LANs up to 25 miles apart.

The SPEEDLAN bridges present a significant breakthrough in LAN connectivity by offering these high

performance bridges that outperform other wireless spread spectrum systems in the industry. These

bridges contain full remote SNMP management and security in an affordable package. This enables

you to monitor a number of SPEEDLAN parameters including RF-signal quality and noise level, as

well as transparent bridging with advanced filtering for security and network reliability.

The central base station and CPE are mounted inside the building and connect to the outdoor

antenna using up to 200 feet of low loss RF antenna cable.

Transparent Ethernet Bridging with Advanced Filtering for Security and

Network Reliability

SPEEDLAN brouters support what is known as Transparent Ethernet Bridging with no Spanning Tree

or Source Routing support. Since the SPEEDLAN brouters provide network security between a local

LAN and a campus or enterprise wide network, and since using multiple bridges in a Spanning Tree

could compromise this security, the Spanning Tree scenario is not supported. In addition, the

SPEEDLAN brouters can filter packets based on protocol type or MAC address pairings. These

features can add a significant measure of security and network reliability to a network

interconnection.

SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide

Introduction 1-3

IP Routing with Advanced Filtering for Security

The SPEEDLAN brouters support IP Routing in addition to bridging. It can be used to add routing

capability when an IP router may be a more appropriate choice.

SNMP Management

SNMP wireless and wired link management may be administered from any Ethernet network or

remotely from the Internet. The SNMP MIB II, Bridge MIB, and Ethernet-Interface MIB come with the

brouters, so you can use SNMP to monitor a number of SPEEDLAN parameters, including RF-signal

quality and noise level.

Wireless Multipoint Protocol

Campus Cell PRC features provide multipoint networking, improved performance, and increased

reliability. In multipoint networks, a SPEEDLAN base station acts as a central base station with

responsibility to manage the flow of data within the radio cell. When necessary, packets are repeated

or retransmitted by this brouter, allowing communications between multiple remote networks by

using SPEEDLAN CPE.

ISP Functionality

The SPEEDLAN shelfmount ISP products are tailored to fit the needs of Internet Service Providers and

Broadband Telecommunications Providers. Two features particularly useful to Internet Service

providers are the additional of Network Address Translation (NAT) and Dynamic Host Server

Protocol (DHCP). NAT helps to ensure network security and allows an entire company to share a

single global IP address for communication on the Internet. For example, a company can provide its

clients with just one IP address, allowing access to the company’s firewall only. DHCP servers

provide efficient use of IP addresses by assigning them dynamically or statically to the wireless

brouter location. DHCP allows network administrators to assign dynamic IP addresses for the period

of time needed to connect to the Internet or network, whereas static IP addresses are beneficial to

users that need to maintain a "constant" connection. This reduces the load on the entire wireless

network.

SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide

1-4 Introduction

Features

•10/100BASE-T Ethernet Interface

•SPEEDLAN 11 Mb Wireless Radio Interface

•Bridging Features

•Protocol Transparent Bridging

•IP Routing

•Filtering by Ethernet Multicast, Broadcast and Bad Packets

•Filtering by Protocol

•Filtering by Ethernet Address Pair

•Generic Ethernet Tunneling through IP Networks

•Learned Table Lockdown

•Expanded IP ARP Support

•Automatic Broadcast Storm Protection and Notification

•Supports up to 48 Remote Buildings

SNMP Features

•IP "ping" Support

•IP SNMP Support (MIB II, Ethernet, Interface, SNMP, and Bridge MIB)

•IP SNMP WaveLAN

•IP SNMP Trap Support

•SNMP Access Lists

ISP Features

•DHCP Server

•Outgoing and Incoming NAT

SNMP Management

SNMP wireless and wired link management may be administered from any Ethernet network or

remotely from the Internet. The SNMP MIB II, Bridge MIB, and Ethernet-Interface MIB come with the

SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide

Introduction 1-5

bridges, so you can use SNMP to monitor a number of SPEEDLAN brouter parameters, including RF-

signal quality and noise level.

IP-Router Features

•IP Static Routing with Direct and Static Routes

•ICMP Messages, Default Router, and Subnet Support

•SNMP Support for All Router-Related MIB Variables

•RIP Support

Encryption Features (Add-on Option)

•Data Encryption of Wireless Packets

SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide

1-6 Introduction

Notes:___________________________________________________

________________________________________________________

Chapter 2

Quick Start

SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide

2-2 Quick Start

System Description

The SPEEDLAN brouters are high speed, long range wireless LAN brouters that provide connectivity

to remote Ethernet networks. For single point-to-point links, a SPEEDLAN CPE can be used in each

building to create a wireless communication line. For multipoint links, a SPEEDLAN acts as the

central base station, which controls the communication between multiple SPEEDLAN brouters acting

as CPE. The local brouter communicates with a remote brouter on another LAN. This effectively

creates an extended wireless network, spanning sites situated up to 25 miles apart. This enables a

central Ethernet LAN to be connected with one or more branch office LANs. A single brouter with an

omnidirectional antenna may communicate with multiple brouters to create multipoint wireless site-

to-site connectivity.

Rooftop and Tower Installations Warning

Rooftop, tower and mounted equipment (brouters) installations are extremely dangerous and

incorrect installation can result in death, injury, or property damage. These installations must be

performed by professional antenna installers only.

Package Contents

Note:

Certain items are only available when purchased with the SPEEDLAN Installation Kit.

•SPEEDLAN brouter

•Product registration card

•SPEEDLAN CD containing:

•Product manual

•Configuration management software

•*Electrical tape

•*U-bolt antenna mounting hardware

•*Cable sealant putty

•*Lightning arrestor

•*Grounding clamps

•*Ethernet surge protector

SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide

Quick Start 2-3

•*Wire zip ties

•*Antenna (specialized upon request)

•*Amplifier (specialized upon request)

* Note:

Items can be purchased separately or as part of an Installation Kit.

Installation Steps

Installation instructions are specific to customers who purchased Installation Kits from Wave

Wireless. To view a diagram of the installation listed below, see Installation Diagram, page 2-7.

The directions below contain installation procedures for the items included in the SPEEDLAN brouter

antenna (and amplifier) kit. If you do not have an item included in the instructions below, contact

Wave Wireless.

If you are having trouble and need a full site installation, contact Wave Wireless Networking for

services and fees.

To install the SPEEDLAN, do the following:

Step 1. Line of Sight

Before installing the antennas and bridges, make sure a clear line of sight exists. Line of sight can be

defined as each antenna being able to clearly see the other antenna or being able to see the remote

locations when viewing from the SPEEDLAN base station location. Be sure to look level with the

center of origin of the transmission (the middle of the antenna). Do the same from the remote

location. Any disruption of the signal path due to trees, buildings or any other obstructions may

cause the link to function improperly. If you see any such obstruction between the two antennas,

move one or both antennas elsewhere.

Step 2. Mount the Antenna

a) On a side building mount, as in the diagram at the end of this section, position the bracket

so there will be at least three feet (one meter) above the roof line of the building where the

pole is attached; this leaves room for the antenna and reduces signal loss from building

reflection.

TIP

SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide

2-4 Quick Start

b) Allow for as much space between the wall brackets as possible while still maintaining the

antenna height necessary. For extended poles, additional wall brackets may be necessary.

c) Assemble the antenna and mount it to the pole using the included U-bolt hardware. On

larger dish-type antennas, align the grid on the dish to run parallel with the grid on the tip

of the antenna horn. Preferably, the grid should be horizontal (or parallel) to the ground.

Make sure all bolts and screws are fastened tightly.

d) Fasten the pole to the brackets. Position the antenna, point it in the appropriate direction,

and tighten the screws.

Step 3. Run the Cabling

The installation kit comes with two lengths of cable with ready made connectors that fit your

particular installation.

a) Attach the shorter cable to the antenna, making sure the connectors are screwed on tightly.

b) Attach the lightning arrestor to the end of the shorter cable.

c) Attach the longer cable to the lightning arrestor.

d) Drill the hole needed to get through the wall, being very careful not to drill into power con-

duits or other utilities in the wall.

e) Feed the cable through the wall and run it to the SPEEDLAN base station brouter.

f) Fasten all cabling securely to the pole and walls using clamps and zip ties. Do not run cable

over electrical devices such as fluorescent lights because these devices will interfere with the

operation of the brouter. Be careful when pulling or fastening the cable that unnecessary

pressure does not break your connectors.

g) Seal all outdoor connections with the black electrical tape and black sealant insulation putty

that comes in the installation kit. First, wrap the connectors tightly with the tape. Then, care-

fully wrap the connectors evenly with the insulation putty, making certain to leave no cracks

that would allow water to penetrate the seal.

SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide

Quick Start 2-5

Step 4. Ground the Antenna

a) Mount the lightning arrestor to a solid surface.

b) Run the grounding wire from the lightning arrestor to a proper ground source such as a

grounding rod or roof ground wire.

c) Seal the entire lightning arrestor with the black waterproof sealant insulation putty that

comes in the installation kit. Note: The lightning arrestor is NOT

NOTNOT

NOT waterproof.

Step 5. Connect the Wireless Bridge to the Power Supply

a) Make sure the switch on the power supply is set to the proper voltage (110V or 230V AC).

b) Connect the power cord’s IEC 320 female outlet to the IEC 320 male power inlet on the

back panel of the SPEEDLAN brouter.

c) Connect the power cord to an external power outlet (110V or 230V AC).

Step 6. Connect the Wireless Bridge to any Available Outlet of the Ethernet LAN

a) Connect the RJ-45 connector on a standard Ethernet cable to the RJ-45 port on the back

panel of the brouter.

b) Connect the other end of the Ethernet cable to your Ethernet hub, switch or router.

Step 7. Repeat If Needed

Repeat Steps 1-6 for all of the SPEEDLAN brouters that will be communicating with this one.

SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide

2-6 Quick Start

Step 8. Check Functionality Using the LED Indicators.

When the installation is complete, activate the SPEEDLAN brouter. The radio will automatically

transmit a “hello” packet to the other brouter(s) to initiate communication. When a remote brouter is

located, the brouters will synchronize themselves with each other once communication is

established. Then, the brouters will start forwarding data packets to the wireless LAN that is

connected to them. When the brouters are “handshaking” correctly, you will see the receive and

transmit lights blink on and off as they communicate.

As the brouters forward data back and forth to one another, you may occasionally see a collision

light on the display panel. This is a normal aspect of networking. A solid collision light displayed on

the front panel indicates that the particular interface is not able to detect a link.

If you think the brouter is not configured or operating properly, try troubleshooting the problem by

seeing Appendix B Startup LED Patterns, page Appendix B-1.

TIP

SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide

Quick Start 2-7

Installation Diagram

The diagram below displays where the main components are located.

All outdoor cable connections and lightning arrestors must be insulated with waterproof

electrical putty.

SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide

2-8 Quick Start

Polarizations on a Grid Antenna

The antenna must be aimed so that when you look out from the center of the antenna it is pointing

toward the receiving antenna on the other building. The radio signal radiates from the end of the

antenna like a wide-beamed flashlight.

Vertical Polarity Horizontal Polarity

In order for the antennas to operate correctly, the polarities must match!

For most applications we have found that horizontally polarized antennas work best. This is because

most other signals that may cause interference are vertically polarized. If you use horizontal

polarization, you can reduce the interference caused by those other signals.

TIP

Chapter 3

Hardware

SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide

3-2 Hardware

Drawings of Components

SPEEDLAN Front Panel

•Rx

This light will blink whenever a packet is received on the related interface

•Tx

This light will blink whenever a packet is transmitted on the related interface

•Collision

This light will blink whenever a collision occurs. It will remain “solidly lit” when a link cannot

be established on that interface

•Port 1

Wireless Interface

•Port 2

10/100 Base-T LAN Interface

•Forwarding Rate/Bandwidth Utilization

Percentage of wireless bandwidth currently being used

•Link Integrity

Gives a visual indication of the RF signal strength

•Power Switch/Button

Used to activate power to the brouter

Ports:

Port 1: Wireless

Interface

Port 2: 10/100 Base-T

LAN Interface

Receiving

Blinking

Light

Transmitting

Blinking

Light

Collision

Blinking

Light

Forwarding Rate/Bandwidth Utilization

Power Button

Transmission

Quality

SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide

Hardware 3-3

SPEEDLAN Back Panel

•Power Input

AC power input

•DC Amp Power

Provides power for optional external amplifier.

•RF Cable Input/Output

Interface for RF cable. The connector used for this port is a reverse TNC bulkhead.

•Factory Default

Places the SPEEDLAN into a factory default mode for troubleshooting purposes.

•Base Boot

Puts the brouter in a mode to accept a firmware upgrade. Not to be used for any other

purpose.

•10/100Base-T Ethernet Port

Standard RJ-45 Ethernet port. The Ethernet interface is capable of operating either 10 or

100 Mbps. By default it is configured for 10 Mbps Ethernet.

•Serial Number

The silver sticker on the back of the SPEEDLAN is where you will find the serial number of

your brouter. All products are tracked using their respective serial numbers. If you ever need

technical assistance, we will need the serial number to determine the exact build of your

equipment.

Screws

Fan

Power Input

DC Amp

Power

RF Cable

Input/Output

Factory

Base Boot

Switch

Ethernet

PortDefault

Switch

SPEEDLAN

1) This device may not cause

harmful interference.

2) This device must accept

any interference that may

cause undesired operation.

Warning

Do not connect units back-to-back

without RF signal attenuation.

SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide

3-4 Hardware

Restoring Factory Default Settings on the SPEEDLAN

To restore the factory default settings on the brouter, do the following:

1Turn off the SPEEDLAN unit.

2Connect the PC to the brouter using a crossover Ethernet cable or using 2 Straight-through

cables and a hub.

3Under the Network Neighborhood on your PC, change your IP address to 198.17.74.195

and assign a Subnet Mask of 255.255.255.0. You will also need to remove any gateways

that were defined in your TCP/IP properties.

4You will be asked if you want to reboot your PC. Click Yes.

5On the back panel of each brouter, depress the small black Factory Default switch to the

UP position. For normal operation the switch should be depressed in the down position.

Power-up the brouter and let it reboot.

6The brouter is temporarily in factory default mode.

7On your PC, start the SPEEDLAN Configurator.

8From the File menu, choose Open Remote Config.

9In the space for IP Address, enter 198.17.74.254. This is the IP Address of the brouter

while in factory default mode. Click on OK, and then OK again. You should see a message

confirming that the bridge configuration was read properly.

10 From the File menu, choose Save Remote Config.

11 All the configuration settings on the brouter have now been returned to a factory default

state. You may now configure the brouter for operation on your network.

SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide

Hardware 3-5

Upgrading the Firmware

You will need to update your firmware if the old one is damaged or additional functionality has been

added. To upgrade the firmware, do the following:

1Turn the SPEEDLAN unit off.

2Connect the PC to the brouter using a crossover Ethernet cable, or using 2 Straight-through

cables and a hub.

3Under the Network Neighborhood on your PC, change the IP address to 198.17.74.195

and assign a Subnet Mask of 255.255.255.0. You will also need to remove any gateways

that were defined in your TCP/IP properties.

4You will be asked if you want to re-boot your PC. Click Yes.

5On your PC, start the SPEEDLAN Configurator.

6From the File menu, select Open Config. Then, select the appropriate .Bin file.

7Then from the File menu, choose Upload Software. A dialog box will appear with an IP

address in it. Click Scan; this will bring up another dialog box with the IP Address of the

SPEEDLAN. This IP Address will be 198.17.74.254. At this point click OK, and confirm the

IP Address in the first dialog box is 198.17.74.254. Then, click OK again.

8Next a menu will appear requesting a MAC Address, as well as a Passkey. You can only

receive these from Wave Wireless. You will enter these two variables and click the OK but-

ton. There will be a sequence of dialog boxes, which will warn you that you are about to

reload the Flash ROM with a new .Bin file. Click OK for all of them. This will cause the

brouter to reboot.

9Allow the brouter to reboot normally.

10 The brouter has now been updated with a new .Bin file. You may now configure the brouter

to operate on your network.

SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide

3-6 Hardware

Notes:___________________________________________________

________________________________________________________

Chapter 4

Overview of Configurator

SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide

4-2 Overview of Configurator

Installation and Setup

Windows 95/98/NT 4.0 SPEEDLAN Configurator

To install the SPEEDLAN Configurator, do the following:

1Shut down all programs and applications.

Note: The SPEEDLAN Configurator uses library files, which reside on your Windows 95/98/

NT 4.0 PC. If a program or application is open, the Setup will not install correctly. If the

Configurator is not installed correctly, the brouter could be rendered and inoperable

after saving a configuration.

2Insert the CD into your floppy drive (i.e., Drive E, F, etc.).

3If the setup.exe program does not execute automatically, click Start + Run. The Run dia-

log box appears. Click Browse and locate the setup.exe where your CD-ROM drive is

located. Then, click Open and OK.

4Follow the installation prompts.

5After the installation is complete, restart your computer.

Toolbar and Menus

File Menu

The Windows 95/98/NT 4.0 Configurator will configure either a remote Flash ROM in the brouters

or configure a SPEEDLAN file saved on your computer. You can configure a SPEEDLAN file on your

computer and download it to the brouters later after you have verified that all settings are correct.

This can make reconfiguring your brouter a quick operation if you have the completed configuration

already saved to your computer.

Configuring a SPEEDLAN Brouter

To configure a remote (network attached) brouter, you can use the Open Remote Config and Save

functions. You must have a brouter configuration opened with the Configuration Utility before any

configuration functions are performed. After you have opened the remote device and configured it,

you can then save your configuration back to the open device. When you `Save' back to the remote

device, its Flash ROM will be erased and reprogrammed with the new configuration. After you save

the configuration, wait the required 15-second period. This allows the Flash ROM to be fully

programmed and enables the brouter to reboot with the new configuration.

SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide

Overview of Configurator 4-3

Turning off the brouter, or otherwise interrupting the reprogramming of the Flash ROM, can

damage the programming of the brouter, and render it inoperable.

Note: Anytime you make changes in Frequency, IP Routing, or Network ID, start with

the brouter furthest away from your current location. This will allow you to

complete your changes without having to physically go to each location.

Configuring a Saved Configuration File

To configure a saved CNF file (configuration file), open it from the File menu by using the Open

function. Then, configure the file just as if you were configuring a remote brouter. When you are

finished configuring the file, save it to disk from the File menu using the "Save Config File As..."

function. The "Open Remote Config..." and "Save Config" functions are used for accessing and

saving directly to the brouter without using a file saved on diskette. Be careful when you save the

configuration file that you do not save the configuration directly to the SPEEDLAN; otherwise, you

will be configuring the brouter and may not be able to re-access it after uploading the incorrect

configuration to it.

Exporting and Importing a Configuration

Once you have opened a remote brouter, you can take a "snapshot" of the current configuration with

the "Save Config File As..." function. This function will result in creating a CNF file. The extension

.CNF is used to denote the special exported binary configuration file. The CNF file created with the

"Save Config File As..." function can later be imported into another brouter by using the "Import

Config File..." function, then saving the configuration to the brouter using the "Save Config" function.

SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide

4-4 Overview of Configurator

The Toolbar

Note: The functions on the toolbar can also be accessed from the menus on the Configurator

(i.e., Save can be accessed from the File menu).

The Menu Bar

•The File Menu - This is the most common menu and is used to perform the following

functions:

•Open Config File - This opens a configuration file from disk.

•Open Remote Config - This opens the configuration file directly from a remote device.

•Save Config - This saves the configuration you are working on to the place where you

opened it.

•Save Config File as - This saves the current configuration into a file on disk. This file will

have the extension .CNF.

•Import Config File - This opens a configuration file from disk. This function is used when

you are going to save the configuration from disk to a remote brouter.

•Upload Software - This enables you to load a raw and unconfigured binary file to the

brouter. This is done only in the event that the brouter's firmware has been damaged.

•Reboot Remote - This is used to reboot a brouter from a remote location.

•Exit - This closes the SPEEDLAN Configurator.

Open Open Save

Save

Select

Remote

Device Upload

Software System

Information

Help

SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide

Overview of Configurator 4-5

Quick Overview of Other Menus

•View Menu - This menu is used to change the display of the Configurator's various items.

•Setup Menu - This menu is used to modify all aspects of the brouter.

•Monitor Menu - This menu is used to monitor the brouter's performance and monitor

another brouter.

•Analyze Menu - This menu is used to select another brouter and perform various tests (i.e.,

interval test, wireless link test, or antenna alignment test)

•Help Menu - This menu is used to troubleshoot questions pertaining to the SPEEDLAN

Configurator.

SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide

4-6 Overview of Configurator

Notes:___________________________________________________

______________________________________________________

Chapter 5

Configuring SPEEDLAN

SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide

5-2 Configuring SPEEDLAN

General Setup

This dialog box activates the features to configure your brouters. To select this dialog box, choose

General Setup from the Setup menu of the SPEEDLAN Configurator. Select the appropriate check

boxes as described below:

•Enable Bridging

The transparent bridging function will be enabled when this is item is selected. If you want

the brouters to perform the bridging function, you must select this check box. When

bridging is enabled, the Bridge Setup dialog box will be accessible. Bridging should be

enabled for nearly all applications of the brouter. The default is ON.

• Enable IP Routing

The transparent routing function will be enabled when this is item is selected. IP Routing will

work properly only if the routes are set up in the IP Route dialog box. If the routes are not

set up properly before you save the configuration, the router will become

inoperable. The default is OFF.

SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide

Configuring SPEEDLAN 5-3

• Enable Data Encryption

This optional feature allows you to encrypt wireless data transmissions on top of the

encryption provided by the radio. It provides 56-bit DES encryption. It is not shipped

standard as part of the brouter. If you did not purchase it when you originally bought the

brouter, it can be purchased later as a software upgrade. Data encryption is disabled by

default. Select the box labeled Enable Encryption to enable the encryption features. You

will still need to define at least one encryption key before your wireless traffic will be

transmitted using wireless data encryption. To do this, return to the drop-down menu

presented when you click on Setup. Now you will see a Data Encryption Setup item added

to the menu list. Select Data Encryption Setup. Click the DES Encryption button and

enter an 8 digit alhpanumeric string in the range of "a-z", "A-Z", and "0-9".

Examples:

Alphanumeric: a5F2z4wK

Warning: This setting must be set to the same value for the brouters that will be communicating

together. Failure to set them to the same value will prevent any communications from

taking place. For example, in order to use a multipoint link, you must use the same

Encryption setting on the base station and on the CPE brouter.

•Enable Remote Bridging using IP Tunnels

SPEEDLAN brouters support a special feature which will enable Ethernet packets of any

protocol type to be encapsulated in IP packets and sent to other brouters (purchased from

Wave Wireless) for de-encapsulation. This method can be used to setup virtual Ethernet

LANs between several points using an IP network as the transport layer.

•Enable Advanced Network Monitoring Support

This option is not available at this time.

•Enable IP Security Counter Measures

This option is not available at this time.

•Enable Access Control

This option is not available at this time.

•Enable Digital Alarm Monitoring and Reporting

This option is not available at this time.

•*Enable Outgoing Network Address Translation

This option enables a company to map the private network’s IP address into one or more

global network IP addresses. This means outsiders will only view the single (or more if desig-

nated) IP network address assigned for global viewing on the Internet. For more informa-

tion, see Part III - Setting Up NAT, page 7-20.

SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide

5-4 Configuring SPEEDLAN

•*Enable Incoming Network Address Translation

This option enables a company to unmap public network IP addresses into network IP

addresses. For more information, see Part III - Setting Up NAT, page 7-20.

•*Enable DHCP Server

This option enables the DHCP Server on the SPEEDLAN. For more information, see Part III -

Setting Up NAT, page 7-20.

•Enable Access Point Radius Authentication

This option is not available at this time

•Enable SectorPRC Radius Authentication

This option is not available at this time.

•Enable IP/UDP/TCP Security Filters

This option is not available at this time.

•Enable AppleTalk Security Filters

This option is not available at this time.

•Enable Novell Security Filters

This option is not available at this time.

• Enable Watchdog Reboot Timer

This feature instructs the brouter to reboot in the event that the brouter fails to receive any

incoming packets, from any port, for a period of 10 minutes. The brouter will assume an

error has occurred and will reboot. If, after the brouter reboots, it does not receive an

incoming hello signal, the brouter will listen for the hello signal until the user reboots the

brouter manually. The Watchdog will recognize when a signal has been re-established and

will reset the timer accordingly.

SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide

Configuring SPEEDLAN 5-5

Interface & Advanced Interface Setup

Interface Setup

To set up the basic interface, choose Interface Setup from the Setup menu on the SPEEDLAN

Configurator. The interfaces that are installed in your brouter will be represented on this dialog box.

The Remote check box is used to designate which interfaces will be considered local and remote.

The local interface is considered to be the interface that connects directly to the local LAN

with respect to the brouter. The remote interface is considered to be the interface that

connects with the remote LAN. The set up buttons are used to access the portion of the

configuration which controls how the individual interfaces are configured.

SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide

5-6 Configuring SPEEDLAN

Advanced Interface Setup

To set up the advanced interface, choose Advanced Interface Setup from the Setup menu on the

SPEEDLAN Configurator. The Advanced Interface Setup contains a few more advanced settings, but

they are set up in the same manner. Note that the Max Tx rate is available on both the Interface

Setup and Advanced Interface Setup. Max Tx Rate is useful to ISPs that want to regulate the

maximum bandwidth provided to each customer. These settings should not be changed without the

assistance of a Wave Wireless Networking Technical Support Engineer.

The Setup Buttons

Setup 1 Button - Ethernet Setup

To modify the Ethernet Setup, click the Setup 1 button on the Interface Setup or Advanced Interface

Setup dialog box. SPEEDLAN brouters come standard with a 10/100 Base-T interface to connect to

your wired network. Although the interface is capable of operating at both 10 Mbps and 100 Mbps,

it does not use autosensing or autoswitching functionality. The default setting is for 10 Mbps half-

duplex operation. If you want to connect your brouters to a 100 Mbps port, the Ethernet interface

can be manually switched to 100 Mbps in this portion of the setup.

The interface also supports full-duplex operation when connected to either a 10 or 100 Mbps LAN

port. The default setting is for half-duplex. The interface can be configured to operate in the full-

duplex mode by selecting it on this dialog box.

SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide

Configuring SPEEDLAN 5-7

Clicking the Setup buttons (1 and 2) on the Interface & Advanced Interface Setup dialog box will

open the Setup dialog box (for the interface selected).

Setup 2 Button - 11 Mb RF Interface Setup

To modify the 11 Mb RF Interface Setup, click the Setup 2 button on the Interface Setup or

Advanced Interface Setup dialog box. This dialog box displays the configuration settings that control

the individual interfaces and how they communicate with each other. On the next page, you will find

a description of the settings, as well as how they affect the brouter's performance of the interfaces.

SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide

5-8 Configuring SPEEDLAN

Transport Methods

The industry compatible method of transmitting and receiving data over wireless networks will cause

data packets to frequently be lost. This is due to the fact that a wireless network does not have the

ability to detect collisions like a wired Ethernet network. On an Ethernet network, collisions can be

detected by the hardware and are automatically retransmitted. Ethernet is referred to as CSMA/CD

(Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection). Wireless networks are CSMA/CA (Carrier

Sense Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance). Collisions cannot be detected because wireless

cannot receive and transmit at the same time. This means brouters are not able to listen for

collisions. A brouter that is operating properly in a point-to-point network will loose, due to

collisions, less than 1% of the transmitted packets. This packet loss is not normally a problem with

protocols such as Novell IPX (without the Burst Mode NLM), but may cause networks using most

other protocols to experience poor performance. Campus Cell PRC helps to alleviate this problem

by placing multiple packets into one larger packet, which saves bandwidth by eliminating the extra

overhead. The transport methods are described:

This actually

controls the "Link

Integrity" lights on

the front panel of

the brouter, and it

is turned ON by

default. Wave

W

ireless highly

recommends that

you leave it

enabled.

SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide

Configuring SPEEDLAN 5-9

•Campus Cell PRC Mode (No Base Station/Brouter)

This method of transportation is used only for point-to-point links. If any of the brouters are

unable to see each other, a base station must be used to repeat traffic from one brouter to

next brouter in line. This point-to-point mode utilizes Campus Cell PRC packet bundling,

which reduces the amount of overhead caused by sending smaller individual packets across

the wireless network. This greatly improves the performance of the connection.

•SectorPRC Mode (This is a Non-Polling Base Station/Brouter)

This setting should be used if this is the only base station in the wireless network cell.

SPEEDLAN has a special mode where one wireless brouter can be configured as a base

station and each additional wireless node is setup as a CPE brouter. In this configuration the

only requirement is that each SPEEDLAN be able to communicate directly with the

SPEEDLAN base station. The SPEEDLAN base station is responsible for repeating packets

that need to travel between the SPEEDLAN CPE. The Non-Polling Base does not allocate

dynamically bandwidth to each remote brouter.

The performance of this approach is greatly improved if the SPEEDLAN base station is connected to

the heaviest network or network server.

•SectorPRC Mode (This is a Polling Base Station/Brouter)

This is the recommended mode of operation for a wireless base station. When the number

of CPE exceed 3 or 4, the non-polling base station may not be able to keep up with the

wireless traffic that needs to be forwarded. The polling base station alleviates this problem

by continuously communicating with every SPEEDLAN CPE in its cell. It is also responsible

for dynamically assigning how much bandwidth is allocated to each remote site based on

the network traffic load.

This greatly improves the performance of a SPEEDLAN base station wireless network cell. As the

number of SPEEDLAN CPE brouters increase, the importance of a polling base station increases and

efficiency is proportionately improved.

•SectorPRC (This is a Remote Station/Brouter)

This is the configuration required for remote brouters that will be installed as CPE into a

multipoint wireless network. In this mode, a SPEEDLAN CPE will only communicate with a

base station. This mode cannot be used for point-to-point links.

TIP

SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide

5-10 Configuring SPEEDLAN

Advanced Button - 11 Mb RF Interface Setup

The Advanced button is located to the left of the Frequency button. Clicking this button will open a

new dialog box that allows you to change the Network ID and rate of the interface.

•Network ID

The Network ID is a security setting that allows the brouter to reject packets from other

wireless brouters in the area. Although the bridging or routing table would reject the packet

once it was processed, the Network ID allows the brouter to reject the packet with less

processing. This improves the performance of the brouters in installations where many

wireless brouters are co-located in the same area or where other organizations may be

running wireless bridges of their own. The default setting is 0 and the valid range is 0 to 15.

This setting must be set to the same value for the brouters that will be communicating together.

Failure to set them to the same value will prevent any communications from taking place. For

example, in order to use a multipoint link, you must use the same Network ID setting on the base

station and on each CPE brouter.

•Rate

This setting refers to the RF data rate. The SPEEDLAN 11 Mbps radios have four data rates

that can be used:

•High

This is the full 11 Mbps data rate. The interface default to this value and it is recom-

mended that you operate using it for most installations. The receiver sensitivity of the

radio with this setting is -82 dBm.

•Medium

This setting limits the card to providing 5.5 Mbps of bandwidth. The receiver sensitivity

of the radio with this setting is -85 dBm.

SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide

Configuring SPEEDLAN 5-11

•Standard

This setting limits the card by providing 2 Mbps of bandwidth. The receiver sensitivity of

the radio with this setting is -89 dBm.

•Low

This setting limits the card by providing 1 Mbps of bandwidth. The receiver sensitivity of

the radio with this setting is -92 dBm.

Warning: This setting must be set to the same value for the brouters that will be communicating

together. Failure to set them to the same value will prevent any communications from

taking place.

Frequency Button - 11 Mb Frequency Setup

The Frequency button is located to the right of the Advanced button. Clicking this button will open a

new dialog box that allows you to change the operating frequency of the interface. All of the

brouters expected to communicate with this device should be configured with the same frequency.

SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide

5-12 Configuring SPEEDLAN

Security Button - 11 Mb RF Security Setup

The Security button is located to the right of the Frequency button. Clicking this button will open a

new dialog box that allows you to change the security options of the interface. These settings are

used to encrypt data that will be transmitted by the 11 Mb RF port and also to decrypt data that is

received by 11 Mb RF port. You may define up to 4 encryption keys to be used for decrypting

incoming data and one key for encrypting outgoing data.

Check the box labeled Enable Encryption to enable the encryption features. You will still need to

define at least one encryption key before your wireless traffic will be transmitted using wireless data

encryption.

The Encryption Key can be defined using either:

•For silver cards (64-bit)- Five alphanumeric characters within the "a-z", "A-Z", and "0-9".

•For gold cards - 13 alphanumeric characters within the "a-z", "A-Z" and "0-9" range.

Note: The alphabetical characters that you entered are "case-sensitive". For example: silver card

users would enter "Secu1" and gold card users would enter "Security Key1".

Write down the values you enter as Encryption Keys and store them in a secure place. The values you

enter will only be visible when they are entered for the first time. Each time this option is displayed

after the initial setup, the values will appear only as "xxxxxxxxxx"

SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide

Configuring SPEEDLAN 5-13

Warning: This setting must be set to the same value for the brouters that will be communicating

together. Failure to set them to the same value will prevent any communications from

taking place. For example, in order to use a multipoint link, you must use the same

Encryption setting on the base station and on the CPE brouter.

There is also an option to Deny non-encrypted Data. This feature is disabled by default and is

designed primarily for multipoint SPEEDLAN installations where it may not be necessary to run using

data encryption at all locations. If you enable this option, any data received by this brouter will not

be passed to the wired network interface.

SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide

5-14 Configuring SPEEDLAN

Notes:___________________________________________________

________________________________________________________

Chapter 6

Bridging Setup

SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide

6-2 Bridging Setup

Bridge Setup

Each SPEEDLAN brouter contains an IEEE 802.3 MAC-layer bridging engine. The bridge can be

configured to filter or pass any 802.3 frame type protocols, including Novell IPX, TCP/IP, AppleTalk,

etc. The brouter can also be configured to filter packets by their destination and origin. This is done

using the unique MAC (Media Access Control) addresses that all network interface devices have

assigned to them at the factory. Bridge Setup is accessed from the main Setup menu of the

SPEEDLAN Configurator.

SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide

Bridging Setup 6-3

Protocol Filtering

By default, the brouter is configured to pass all network protocols. When you click Edit, you will be

presented with a list of protocols which you can select for filtering. After selecting the protocols,

highlight them on this dialog box. Then, click Bridge or Deny to determine how each protocol will

be treated. The radio buttons in the Protocol Filtering box determine how unselected protocols are

treated.

Edit Button - Ethernet Protocols

Some common Ethernet protocols and their associated ID numbers have been placed in this table.

Select one from this list if you want to set a filter for it.

SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide

6-4 Bridging Setup

If the protocol you want to filter is not presented here, click Custom, Add and enter the hex ID for

that protocol.

MAC Filtering

By default, the brouter is configured to pass all traffic between all MAC-Address pairs. To add an

address pair into the filter, click Add on the MAC Filtering box. First, enter the Remote Address,

which will be the MAC Address that resides on the remote side of the brouter. Second, enter the

Local Address, which will be the MAC Address that resides on the local side of your connection. The

local and remote interfaces are defined on either the Interface Setup or Advanced Interface Setup

dialog box. It is recommended that you define the RF port as the Remote Interface (default setting).

SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide

Bridging Setup 6-5

Advanced Features Button

Clicking Advanced displays this dialog box. Select the appropriate check box for your network. The

check boxes are described below:

•Pass Bad Ethernet Source

The standard Ethernet bridges we have tested will pass Ethernet packets with a broadcast or

multicast address as their source (i.e., packets with their first bit set to 1). The Ethernet

specification for Transparent (i.e. Non-Source-Routing) bridges does not allow these types

of packets, which are considered bad packets. Our studies have shown that a common

failure mode of many Ethernet interfaces and networking software is to transmit packets like

these. If you do not need to permit Source-Routing packets, we suggest that you deny these

packets. The default setting is selected to permit these packets.

• Pass Unseen Ethernet Source

Standard Ethernet bridges will always forward packets with destination addresses that have

not been learned (i.e., have not previously been seen as a source address of a packet). This

characteristic is needed in order for the Ethernet bridge to operate correctly. The downside

to this, as our studies have shown, is the failure mode of many Ethernet interface cards will

send out erroneous packets with good CRCs but with random Ethernet destination and

source addresses. Standard bridges will permit these erroneous packets because they have

not "learned" the random destination, and then add this packet's random source address to

their finite learned table. This situation is not uncommon and can greatly hinder the

operation of standard bridges. If you choose to deny unlearned packets, the brouter will not

forward unicast packets to Ethernet addresses that have not already been seen as a source

address. This scheme works for most protocols because it relies on the characteristics of

most upper-layer protocols to transmit ARP requests or hello packets. After careful testing

and consideration, only qualified network engineers should select the Deny option.

The default value for this setting is selected.

SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide

6-6 Bridging Setup

•Enable Learned-Table Lockdown

A standard bridge watches the source address of each packet it receives on any of its

interfaces. As new addresses are seen, entries are added to the learned table that con-

tains each source address and the interface number that address was received on. If a

source address is later seen on a different interface, the bridge will immediately change

the interface number in the learned-table entry. This condition could happen in a net-

work that is operating well if someone moved a computer to a different part of the net-

work. This could also happen if someone was trying to capture network packets by

fooling the bridge. Enabling learned-table lockdown will prevent the interface number

from being changed once the source address has been seen. A standard bridge will

also time-out the learned-table records every 10 minutes. If learned-table lockdown is

enabled, these records will not be timed out. Once a record is learned, it will not

change or be deleted until either the bridge reboots or the learned table become com-

pletely filled and needs to be reset. (NOTE: A typical SPEEDLAN learned table can con-

tain over 12,000 records.) The default value for this setting is disabled.

•Enable Expanded IP ARP Support

Enabling this feature will cause the bridge to also watch the IP/ARP packets that occur

on the network. The SPEEDLAN brouters take no action in response to IP/ARP packets

(since that is the role of an IP router) except to add the IP address to its IP/ARP table.

This feature is helpful on an IP network because it will build a database of MAC-layer-

address-to-IP address pairs. An SNMP monitoring program, such as the SPEEDLAN

Configurator, can at any time extract this information. NOTE: 1) The IP/ARP table is

never timed out in this mode. 2) This feature is not available if the brouter is routing IP.

The default value for this setting is disabled.

•Permit Ethernet Broadcasts

Standard Ethernet bridges will always forward broadcast packets. Many protocols do not

use broadcasts (e.g., AppleTalk Phase II, DECnet, and others). However, IP/ARP does use

broadcasts. If you do not use IP or any other protocol that requires broadcasts, you can

deny them. Shutting off broadcast packets will reduce the traffic being sent across your

wireless network link. This will also greatly reduce the number of interrupts that each

computer connected to your network experiences. Networks with a high number of

broadcasts will slow down the processing of all attached computers, even those that aren't

using the network.

•Permit Ethernet Multicasts

Standard Ethernet bridges will always forward multicast packets. Some protocols do not use

multicast packets, such as TCP/IP and Novell IPX. If you do not use protocols that use

multicast packets, you can drop them by disabling multicast on the brouter. This will reduce

the traffic that is sent across the wireless network link. In addition, it reduces the number of

interrupts that each computer connected to your network experiences.

SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide

Bridging Setup 6-7

Storm Thresholds Button

Click Storm Thresholds to keep broadcast and multicast storms from spreading throughout the

network. Network storms are common and can cause bridges, routers (brouters), workstations,

servers, and PCs to slow down or crash. Storms occur if network equipment is configured incorrectly,

if network software is not functioning properly, or if poorly designed programs such as network

games are used. These settings are disabled by default.

•Address Threshold

This setting determines the maximum number of broadcast or multicast packets that can

occur during a one-second period before a storm condition is declared for a particular

Ethernet address (host). Once it is determined that a storm is occurring, any additional

broadcast or multicast packets from that host address will be denied until the storm is

determined to be over. The storm will be determined to be over when 30 seconds have

passed in which every one-second period has less then the stated threshold in broadcast or

multicast packets. The settings for broadcast packets and multicast packets are configured

independently.

SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide

6-8 Bridging Setup

•Interface Threshold

This setting determines the maximum number of broadcast or multicast packets that can

occur during a one-second period before a storm is declared for the assigned interface.

Once it is determined that a storm is occurring, any additional broadcast or multicast

packets received on that interface will be denied until the storm is determined to be over.

The storm will be determined to be over once a one-second period has occurred with no

broadcast or multicast packets received on that interface. The settings for broadcast packets

and multicast packets are configured independently.

• Preset Button

This button sets the broadcast and multicast storm thresholds to the recommended values.

These values have been determined to offer good protection without interfering with the

operation of the typical network. These values may need to be tuned for your particular

network.

Tunnel Partners Button

Click Tunnel Partners to encapsulate Ethernet packets received from the local interface in an IP/

UDP packet and then send them to one or more tunnel partners. Tunneling can be used to set up

virtual Ethernet networks. In the General Setup dialog box, if the Remote Bridging using IP

Tunnels is enabled, Tunnel Partners can be set up. This dialog box specifies the IP addresses of

each of the bridge/routers that are to participate in the tunnel group. Specify the addresses of all

the bridges that are participating in the tunnel group but DO NOT specify the IP addresses on

this brouter.

•Encrypt Bridge Tunnel Packets

If purchased, a brouter (from Wave Wireless) may contain a special software-encryption

algorithm that is distinct from the optional SPEEDLAN encryption chip on the brouter. If

Data Encryption is enabled on the General Setup dialog box and if an Encryption Key is

set up in the Data Encryption menu, enabling encryption here will cause all Ethernet packets

transmitted to tunnel partners to be encrypted and encapsulated inside IP packets. The IP

packet itself cannot be encrypted because industry-standard IP routers, like those on the

Internet, would not be able to forward the encrypted packets.

SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide

Bridging Setup 6-9

Generic Ethernet Tunneling

(Through an IP Network)

LAN A

LAN C

LAN B

Internet or

Campus IP

Network

Standard Ethernet Packet

Ethernet Packet

Encapsulated in IP/UDP

Ethernet Packet

Encapsulated in

IP/UDP

Standard

Ethernet Packet

Local

Interface

Rem ote Interface

The three brouters are set up to tunnel one

or more protocols and each is a tunnel

partner to the other two brouters. This

configuration allows LAN A, LAN B, and

LAN C to become a virtual private Ethernet

network with the Internet as the transport

mechanism for data between them. The

encapsulated data packets can be optionally

encrypted to make the virtual private

network more secure.

SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide

6-10 Bridging Setup

Notes:___________________________________________________

________________________________________________________

Chapter 7

Setting Up the IP Addresses

(IP Host Setup)

SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide

7-2 Setting Up the IP Addresses (IP Host Setup)

If you do not understand the basics of IP addressing, DHCP, or NAT, please read the next section,

Part I - Quick Overview of IP Addressing, below. Otherwise, skip to Part II - Setting Up the IP

Address, page 7-13.

Part I - Quick Overview of IP Addressing

IP Addressing is important because it tells the network how to locate the computers or network

equipment connected to it. IP addresses are given so each computer or equipment on the network

contains a unique address. In addition, network addresses and node addresses, depending on the

Class (A, B, C, etc.), contain their own unique address as well. IP addressing provides the following

information:

•Provides communication between different platforms and diverse systems

•Provides universal data transfer over large geographic distances

•Has been "adopted" as a standard in the computer industry

What is an IP address?

An IP address contains 32 bits of information, which is divided into the following:

•Two sections: the network address and the node address (also known as the host address)

•To keep it simple, lets call it four bytes (octets)

Note: Each octet contains 8 bits, which are equivalent to 1 byte. Each octet is separated by a

period (.).

The following examples show the conversion of the same IP address into several different formats:

•Decimal (130.57.30.56)

•Hexadecimal (82.39.1E.38)

•Binary (10000010.00111001.00011110.00111000).

SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide

Setting Up the IP Addresses (IP Host Setup) 7-3

Internet Address Classes

The first octet defines the "class" of the address, which is the only method to tell the size of the

network (how big) and where the internet address belongs. There are three main classes:

•Class A: 35.0.0.0

•Class B: 128.5.0.0

•Class C: 192.33.33.0

-non-bolded text = Part of network address

-bolded text = Part of local address (node section)

This definition is not random; it is based on the fact that routers, by reading just the first three bits of

the address field, designate which network class it belongs to. This selection simplifies the way

routers handle the messages (packets) and speed up the forwarding process.

SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide

7-4 Setting Up the IP Addresses (IP Host Setup)

In fact, IP defines five classes:

•Class A addresses use 8 bits (1 octet) for the network portion and 24 bits (3 octets) for the

node (or host) section of the address. This provides up to 128 networks with 16.7 million

nodes for each network.

•First byte is assigned as network address

•Remaining bytes used for node addresses

•Format: network, node, node, node

•In IP address 49.22.102.70, "49" is network address and "22.102.70" is the node

address—all machines on this network have the "49" network address assigned to them

•Maximum of 224 or 16,777,216 nodes

•Class B addresses use 16 bits (two octets) for the network portion and 16 bits for the node

(or host) section of the address. This provides up to 16, 384 networks with 64,534 nodes

for each network.

•First two bytes are assigned as network address

•Remaining bytes used for node addresses

•Format: network, network, node, node

•In IP address 130.57.30.56, "130.57" is the network address, and "30.56" is the node

address

•Maximum of 216 or a total of 65,534 nodes

•Class C addresses use 24 bits (3 octets) for the network portion and 8 bits (two octets) for

the node (or host) section of the address. This provides 16.7 million networks with 256

nodes for each network.

•First three bytes are assigned as network address

•Remaining byte used for node address

•Format: network, network, network, node

•In IP address 198.21.74.102, "198.21.74" is the network address, and "102" is the

node address

•Maximum of 28 or 254 node addresses

SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide

Setting Up the IP Addresses (IP Host Setup) 7-5

•Class D

•Range is 224.0.0.0 to 239.255.255.255

•Used for multicast packets (i.e., host sends out router discovery packets to learn all of

the routers on the network)

•Class E

•Range is 240.0.0.0 to 255.255.255.255

•Reserved for future use

Note: Class D & E should NOT be assigned to net assignment of IP addresses. In addition,

the first octet, 127, is reserved. In each network definition, the first node number (i.e.,

"0") is used to define the network, as well as the last number (i.e., "255"). The last num-

ber is known as the broadcast address.

Public IP addresses can be obtained from the following address:

Network Solutions

InterNIC Registration Services

505 Huntmar Park Drive

Herndon, VA 22070

hostmaster@internic.net

Note: Non-public addresses can include a network address assigned from the network

administrator or from the IP provider. Also, there is one network in each class that is

defined for private use, allowing the creation of internal networks. These addresses are

Class A: 10.0.0.0, Class B: 172.10.0.0, and Class C: 192.168.0.0.

Subnetting a Network

The increasing number of hosts and networks make impractical address blocks that are not smaller

than 245. In order keep the IP address small, so routers can manage them without changing the

whole protocol, a smaller network definition is created. This is called a subnet. Subnets are intended

to:

•Reduce network traffic

•Optimize performance

•Simplify management

•Create more effective and efficient addresses for large geographic distances

SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide

7-6 Setting Up the IP Addresses (IP Host Setup)

Default Subnet masks

•Class A: 255.0.0.0

•Class B: 255.255.0.0

•Class C: 255.255.255.0

Note: Subnet mask is bolded.

What is a Subnet?

Subnetting allows you to create multiple networks within one Class A, B, or C network. Each data

link (octet) contains its own unique identifier also known as the subnet. Also, each node on the same

data link must belong on the same subnet as well.

What is a Subnet Mask?

A subnet mask allows you to mask section(s) (depending on the class specified) of the octets in the

network address. Each octet used in the subnet mask is assigned to a data link. The leftover octet(s)

are assigned to the remaining nodes.

For more information on subnetting, see the example below and Diagram of Subnetting a Network,

page 7-7.

Example of Subnetting:

For example, a Class C network (255.255.255.0) contains three masked octets (255.255.255). The

last octet (0) is leftover for remaining nodes (i.e., computers).

If Router D is reading IP Addresses 195.172.3.1 (let's call this IP Address 1) and 195.172.3.64 (let's

call this IP Address 2) on this Class C network, it would send IP Address 1 to Subnet A and IP Address

2 to Subnet B. The remaining nodes in each subnet (A through D) on this network can contain up to

254 pieces of network equipment (computers, printers, fax machines, bridges or routers, etc.).

SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide

Setting Up the IP Addresses (IP Host Setup) 7-7

Diagram of Subnetting a Network

Still confused?

An easier method to explain this concept is to use the classic "mailing" analogy used in IP

addressing. Consider that this network, called Long Street, is four blocks long. There are 254 houses

on Long Street, and each block contains 64 houses. Houses 1 to 63 reside on Block A. Houses 64

to 127 reside on Block B. Houses 128 to 191 reside on Block C. Houses 192 to 254 reside on

Block D. Think of each block as a subnet. This means that Blocks A, B, C, and D are all part of Long

Street, which is also known as the network in this example. The mailman would organize the letters

(or IP addresses for network equipment) by creating four piles (one for each block, or subnet). As

soon as the mailman picks up pile A in his hand, he knows which block to turn on. This same

reasoning applies to piles B, C, and D as well. Router D knows exactly which subnet to transfer (or

turn) the packets to by reading its IP and subnet mask address. Note that each subnet on this

network is 255.255.255.192. Why is 192 the last octet in the subnet mask and not 64? The last

octet, 192, is the mask that allows 64 "houses" to know that the mailman (or router) is coming in

advance. The "houses" will know it's mailman "Jim" by looking at the IP number.

Internet

Router D

Router B

Router C

Computer Computer

Computer

Computer Computer Computer

Long Street

Subnet A

IP Address: 195.172.3.1

Subnet Mask: 255.255.255.192

Subnet B

IP Address: 195.172.3.64

Subnet Mask: 255.255.255.192

Subnet C

IP Address: 195.172.3.128

Subnet Mask: 255.255.255.192

Subnet D

IP Address: 195.172.3.192

Subnet Mask: 255.255.255.192

Router A

SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide

7-8 Setting Up the IP Addresses (IP Host Setup)

Note: If the network is managed by a Simple Network Management Protocol for local or

Internet access, each brouter must contain a unique IP Address. This is a benefit of

static or dynamic addressing.

How does a network administrator assign an IP address?

IP addresses are supplied by the network administrator, the ISP, or hosting company.

The two types of IP addressing—manual (static) and automatic (dynamic) addressing—are described

below.

•Manual (static) Addressing

Each device connected to the Internet must have its own unique IP address. Also, if a

computer is being used as a server, you will assign it a permanent IP address. This enables

other computers to connect to it. Static addressing is also beneficial to users that need to

maintain a "constant" connection to the Internet. This will enable users to easily access the IP

address.

•Automatic (dynamic) Addressing

A DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) server assigns the IP address to each

computer as the computer connects to the network. If a computer moves to a new network

(i.e., great for temporary employees or mobile users), it must be assigned a new IP address

for that network. DHCP can be used to manage these assignments automatically. DHCP is

described in further detail below.

What is DHCP?

Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) allows network administrators to assign dynamic IP

addresses for the period of time needed to connect to the Internet. Think of DHCP as leasing an

apartment. A prospective tenant may not need to live in an apartment for two years, maybe just a

year. Therefore, the tenant will only sign a one-year lease agreement. For example, each time a

computer is set up to connect to the Internet, the network administrator uses DHCP to automatically

assign the computer a unique IP address. That computer will give up its IP address when it is no

longer needed (when the lease has ended) allowing new a computer (or a new tenant) on the same

network to use it. This benefits educational and corporate settings where users often log on to

different computers. In this case more IP addresses outnumber computers because you can quickly

reconfigure the network if needed from a centralized location.

SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide

Setting Up the IP Addresses (IP Host Setup) 7-9

Servers that utilize DHCP resolve security issues, costly IP addressing services, and compatibility

problems. DHCP is an alternative to BOOTP, which reduces the agony of assigning static IP

addresses and also provides advanced configuration options.

Note: The figure on the next page may help you understand how DHCP assigns an IP

address.

Figure of DHCP Addressing

1The client asks DHCP server for IP address and configuration if needed.

2The DHCP server assigns an available IP address to client.

3The client takes IP address from DHCP server and requests any additional configuration

needed.

4DHCP server confirms IP address and configuration.

SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide

7-10 Setting Up the IP Addresses (IP Host Setup)

What is NAT?

Network Address Translation (NAT) is the conversion of an Internet Protocol address (IP address)

used within one network to a different IP address within another network. One network is designated

the inside network and the other is the outside network.

Network Address Translation (NAT) occurs when there is a translation among an Internet Protocol (IP

address) used within one network (designated as inside network) to a different IP addresses within

another network (designated as outside network). Network Address Translators (NATs) allow

companies to decrease the number of global IP addresses. This enables companies to communicate

with other devices on the Internet using a single IP address (or more than one IP address).

For example, a company can provide its clients with one IP address, allowing access to the

company's firewall only. This IP address is not a "real" address on the company's internal network, but

it is successfully translated to the correct IP location through NAT (i.e., NAT router). Therefore, the

company controls access through firewalls and provides multiple IP addresses to outside customers

without excessive limited resources, or "global" Internet IP protocols.

SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide

Setting Up the IP Addresses (IP Host Setup) 7-11

Diagram of Outgoing NAT

As the packet is transmitted from the private network (in Building B) across the public network

(Building A and the Internet), the packet will be re-addressed as 204.101.20.3, also known as the

public address. When the packet returns to SPEEDLAN B, the packet will be re-addressed to the IP

address of the private network by using the MAC address contained in the header to identify the

destination.

Inbound Port 80 request is re-addressed

to Private address 10.0.0.3. Then, it is

forwarded across the private network

Internet

Ethernet

Router

204.101.20.1

SPEEDLAN

Brouter A

204.101.20.2

Hub

SPEEDLAN

Brouter B

Private Address on Local Interface

10.0.0.1

10.0.0.2

10.0.0.4

Ethernet

Hub

Public Address on Remote Interface

204.101.20.3

Building A Building B

10.0.0.3

SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide

7-12 Setting Up the IP Addresses (IP Host Setup)

Diagram of Incoming NAT

Incoming NAT allows you to specify ports on the private network that you would like to be available

on the public network. For example, if a web server is being hosted on a public network in Building

B (IP Address 10.0.0.3), you can create a pair that will specify that all requests on the public IP

address, Port 80, be forwarded to IP Address 10.0.0.3 on the private IP address, Port 80.

Inbound Port 80 request is re-addressed

to Private address 10.0.0.3. Then, it is

forwarded across the private network

Internet

Ethernet

Router

204.101.20.1

SPEEDLAN

Brouter A

Hub

SPEEDLAN

Brouter B

Private Address on Local Interface

10.0.0.1

10.0.0.2

10.0.0.4

Ethernet

Hub

Web Server

10.0.0.3

Public Address on Remote Interface

204.101.20.3

Building A Building B

SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide

Setting Up the IP Addresses (IP Host Setup) 7-13

Part II - Setting Up the IP Address

The following section discusses DHCP client (and interface), DHCP Server, Static IP addresses, and

Outgoing and Incoming NAT.

Note: Before you begin, confirm that you have properly read the configuration from the

SPEEDLAN brouter you want to configure. Then, perform the following tasks: Open the

SPEEDLAN Configurator. From the File menu, choose Open Remote Config.... Then,

click Scan. The Scan dialog box appears. Select the appropriate brouter and click OK.

Click OK again. A message box appears confirming that the "Configuration has been

read from the Bridge" (i.e., 128.104.224.1). Click OK.

To set up the IP address, do ONE of the following:

•Enable DHCP client for dynamic addressing. For more information, see Enabling the DHCP

Client and Choosing the Appropriate Interface, page 7-14, OR

• Assign a static IP address. For more information, see Assigning a Static IP Address,

page 7-18.

SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide

7-14 Setting Up the IP Addresses (IP Host Setup)

Enabling the DHCP Client and Choosing the Appropriate Interface

Note: Before you begin, confirm that you have properly read the configuration from the

SPEEDLAN brouter you want to configure. Then, perform the following tasks: Open the

SPEEDLAN Configurator. From the File menu, choose Open Remote Config.... Then,

click Scan. The Scan dialog box appears. Select the appropriate brouter and click OK.

Click OK again. A message box appears confirming that the "Configuration has been

read from the Bridge" (i.e., 128.104.224.1). Click OK.

To enable the DHCP client and choose the appropriate interface, do the following:

1From the Setup menu, choose IP Setup. The IP Setup dialog box appears.

2Select the Obtain an IP address from DHCP Server option.

3Next, select the interface for Ethernet or wireless network from the Using Interface drop-

down list. Make sure that you select the interface where the DHCP server is located.

Note: The information for Default TTL should already be entered. The IP host on the Internet

sends out each packet with a default "Time to Live" parameter. If you want to override

the factory default of 64 attempts, you can specify your new default here. This

parameter should not be changed less you are very familiar with IP

functionality and how the Time to Live parameter will affect how packets are

treated by your network, as well as the network to which you are bridged (or

routed).

SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide

Setting Up the IP Addresses (IP Host Setup) 7-15

Enabling the DHCP Server on the SPEEDLAN

Note: Before you begin, confirm that you have properly read the configuration from the

SPEEDLAN brouter you want to configure. Then, perform the following tasks: Open the

SPEEDLAN Configurator. From the File menu, choose Open Remote Config.... Then,

click Scan. The Scan dialog box appears. Select the appropriate brouter and click OK.

Click OK again. A message box appears confirming that the "Configuration has been

read from the Bridge" (i.e., 128.104.224.1). Click OK.

To enable the DHCP Server on the SPEEDLAN, do the following:

1From the Setup

SetupSetup

Setup menu, choose General Setup

General SetupGeneral Setup

General Setup. The General Setup dialog box appears.

2Select the Enable DHCP Server check box; this will enable you to set up the DHCP Server.

Note: You do not need to enable NAT (Outgoing and Incoming) in order to use SPEEDLAN’s

DHCP Server. Please read the sections of this manual describing those options carefully

before enabling either NAT feature.

SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide

7-16 Setting Up the IP Addresses (IP Host Setup)

•Enable Outgoing Network Address Translation

This feature enables a company to map the private networks IP addresses into one or

more global public network IP addresses. This means that outsiders will only view the

single (or more if designated) IP network address assigned for global viewing on the

Internet. For more information, see Outgoing NAT, page 7-20.

•Enable Incoming Network Address Translation

This feature enables a company to unmap public network IP address into private net-

work IP addresses. For more information, see Incoming NAT, page 7-22.

3From the Setup menu, choose DHCP Server Setup. The DHCP Server Setup dialog box

appears.

4Enter the IP range and gateway/router information:

•Offered IP Starting Address

This is the start of the block of allowed IP addresses.

SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide

Setting Up the IP Addresses (IP Host Setup) 7-17

•Offered IP Ending Address

This is the end of the block of allowed IP addresses.

•Default Router Address

This is the subnet mask of the default router.

•Default Router Mask

This is the router that initially accepts or transfers packet to the directly connected net-

works or static networks.

•Lease Time in Minutes

This is the amount of minutes that the computer can use the assigned IP address. When

the time is up, the IP address will revert to the pool of available addresses and can be

reassigned to another computer. The maximum time is 300 minutes.

Note: Click Select to view the IP Mask List. Select the appropriate IP Mask and click OK.

5Enter the domain name information:

•1st DNS Server IP

This setting will specify the client’s first DNS Server.

•2nd DNS Server IP

This setting will specify the client’s secondary DNS server.

•3rd DNS Server IP

If needed, this setting will specify the client’s third DNS server.

•Domain Name

This is the web domain name of the organization on the Internet such as “www.speed-

lan.com”. It is not necessary to use the first portion of the domain name leaving the

entry as “Speedlan.com”.

6Select the interface on which you want to Enable DHCP (i.e., Ethernet or wireless interface).

Note: If the requests for an IP address will be received through the wired Ethernet interface,

select #1 Ethernet. If the requests will be received through RF interface from a

remote PC, select #2 11 Mb RF Interface.

7Click OK.

8After you have finished entering the appropriate information, click OK.

9Now save the changes to the brouter. From the File menu, choose Save Config.

10 A message box appears informing you that the information will be saved to the bridge or

router. Click Ye s.

11 The Configurator confirms that the configuration has been saved. Click OK. The SPEED-

LAN ISP shelfmount brouters will automatically reboot at this point.

SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide

7-18 Setting Up the IP Addresses (IP Host Setup)

Assigning a Static IP Address

Note: Before you begin, confirm that you have properly read the configuration from the

SPEEDLAN brouter you want to configure. Then, perform the following tasks: Open the

SPEEDLAN Configurator. From the File menu, choose Open Remote Config.... Then,

click Scan. The Scan dialog box appears. Select the appropriate brouter and click OK.

Click OK again. A message box appears confirming that the "Configuration has been

read from the Bridge" (i.e., 128.104.224.1). Click OK.

To physically assign a static IP address, do the following:

1From the Setup menu, choose IP Setup. The IP Setup dialog box appears.

2Select the Specify an IP address option. Enter the following information:

•Our IP Address

The unique number assigned by the network administrator, ISP or host provider. This

tells network the location (IP address) of this device on the Internet

(i.e., 128.104.224.1).

•Our Subnet Mask

This term allows network administrators to mask section(s) (depending on the class

specified) of the octets in the network address. Each octet used in the subnet mask is

assigned to a data link. The leftover octet(s) are assigned to the remaining nodes.

SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide

Setting Up the IP Addresses (IP Host Setup) 7-19

Note: For more information, see Subnetting a Network, page 7-5. Once the packet has

traveled to the appropriate network, it goes through a masking process. A subnet mask

is composed of zeros (0s) and ones (1s). This tells the router which addresses to look

under and which ones not to look under. Therefore, subnet masking allows the router

to transfer the packet traffic more quickly than a network without a subnet. Again, this

address is obtained from the network administrator, IP host, or host provider.

•Default Router IP

If you have an established network, use the IP address for the router already set up for

that network. If you do not have an established network, leave this entry blank.

•Default TTL

This information should already be entered. The IP host on the Internet will send out

each packet with a default "Time to Live" parameter. If you want to override the factory

default of 64 attempts, you can specify your new default here. This parameter should

not be changed unless you are very familiar with IP functionality and how the Time to

Live parameter will affect how packets are treated by your network, as well as the

network to which you are bridged (or routed).

Note: Click Select to view the IP Mask List. Select the appropriate IP Mask and click OK.

3After you have finished entering the appropriate information, click OK.

4Now save the changes to the brouter. From the File menu, choose Save Config.

5A message box appears informing you that the information will be saved to the brouter (i.e.,

128.104.22.4). Click Yes.

6The Configurator confirms that the configuration has been saved. Click OK. The computer

will reboot at this point.

Note: If you want to set up NAT, see Part III - Setting Up NAT, page 7-20.

SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide

7-20 Setting Up the IP Addresses (IP Host Setup)

Part III - Setting Up NAT

This section explains how to setup outgoing and incoming Network Address Translation (NAT). For

more information on outgoing and incoming NAT, see Diagram of Outgoing NAT, page 7-11 and

Diagram of Incoming NAT, page 7-12.

Outgoing NAT

To setup outgoing NAT, do the following:

1 From the Setup

menu, choose General Setup. The General Setup dialog box appears.

2Select the Enable Outgoing Network Address Translation

Enable Outgoing Network Address TranslationEnable Outgoing Network Address Translation

Enable Outgoing Network Address Translation check box. Click OK

OKOK

OK.

3From the Setup

SetupSetup

Setup menu, choose Outgoing Network Address Translation Setup

Outgoing Network Address Translation SetupOutgoing Network Address Translation Setup

Outgoing Network Address Translation Setup.

4The Outgoing Address Translation Setup dialog box appears.

Note:

Note: Note:

Note: NAT is a useful tool that will be enabled the majority of the time on the remote side of

the wireless connection. It is rarely enabled on the base station. NAT is also useful to

have private networks connected to public networks (i.e., the Internet) without needed a

public IP address for every node. By using only one public IP address, NAT controls who

in the private network made a request to an address in the public network.

This translates the IP addresses from one side to another, hiding the private network

SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide

Setting Up the IP Addresses (IP Host Setup) 7-21

from the public. This means that the public will view only one public and valid IP

address.

5Enter the appropriate outgoing information:

•Public IP Address

This is the IP address for the outside network. If you have more than one public

address, you can assign it to node on a private network (One-to-One NAT). Therefore,

all requests for a particular IP address from the outside or public network will be trans-

lated to the appropriate private IP address. This may be necessary if you have a server

or workstation (host) that needs to be connected to a remote network.

•Private IP Address

This is the IP address for the inside or private network only, which hides behind the Pub-

lic IP address.

•Public IP Mask

This address assigns the Subnet mask to the Public (Ethernet) portion of the SPEEDLAN

brouter.

•Private IP Mask

This address assigns the Subnet mask to the private network interface.

Note: Click Select to view the IP Mask List. Select the appropriate IP Mask and click OK.

6Click OK.

7After you have finished entering the appropriate information, click OK.

8Now save the changes to the bridge or router. From the File menu, choose Save Config.

9A message box appears informing you that the information will be saved to the bridge or

router. Click Ye s. The Configurator confirms that the configuration has been saved. Click

OK. The SPEEDLAN ISP shelfmount brouters will automatically reboot at this point.

SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide

7-22 Setting Up the IP Addresses (IP Host Setup)

Incoming NAT

To set up incoming IP network address for NAT, do the following:

1From the Setup menu, choose General Setup. The General Setup dialog box appears.

2Select the Enable Incoming Network Address Translation check box. Click OK.

3From the Setup menu, choose Incoming Network Address Translation Setup.

SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide

Setting Up the IP Addresses (IP Host Setup) 7-23

4The Incoming Address Translation Setup dialog box appears.

5Enter the appropriate incoming information:

•Public IP Address

This is the IP address for the outside network. If you have more than one public

address, you can assign it to a node on the private network (One-to-One NAT).

Therefore, all requests for a particular IP address from the outside or public network will

be translated to the appropriate private IP address. This may be necessary if you have

a server or workstation (or computer) that needs to be connected to a remote network.

•Private IP Address

This is the IP address for the inside network only, which hides behind the public IP

address.

•Private IP Mask

This address assigns the Subnet mask to the private network interface.

Note: Click Select to view the IP Mask List. Select the appropriate IP Mask and click OK.

SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide

7-24 Setting Up the IP Addresses (IP Host Setup)

6Click Add to enter another IP address/port pair. The Input IP Address/Port Pair dialog

box appears.

7Then enter the following information as appropriate. Then, click OK to close this dialog

box.

•Public IP Address

This is the IP address for the outside network. All requests for a particular IP address

from the outside or public network will be translated to the appropriate private IP

address.

•Public Port

This item will allow you to assign a particular port that you would like to have one of

the private IP addresses to be able to respond to. Here are a few of the more common

ports used:

FTP - 20 & 21

SMTP – 25

DNS – 53

HTTP – 80

NNTP - 119

•Private Server IP Address

This is the IP address of the server or workstation (or computer) where you want to get

the “received message” for this port assignment.

•Private Server Port

This is the port of where you want to have the server receive the messages.

8Click Delete to permanently remove the IP address/port pair selected. Click Edit

to modify

the IP address/port pair selected. Click OK. You will return to the Incoming Network

Address Translation Setup dialog box.

SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide

Setting Up the IP Addresses (IP Host Setup) 7-25

9After you have finished entering the appropriate information, click OK.

10 Now save the changes to the bridge or router. From the File menu, choose Save Config.

11 A message box appears informing you that the information will be saved to the bridge or

router. Click Ye s.

12 The Configurator confirms that the configuration has been saved. Click OK. The SPEED-

LAN ISP shelfmount brouters will automatically reboot at this point.

SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide

7-26 Setting Up the IP Addresses (IP Host Setup)

Notes:___________________________________________________

________________________________________________________

Chapter 8

IP-Router Setup

SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide

8-2 IP-Router Setup

IP Routing Setup

IP Routing in the General Setup dialog box must be enabled for this dialog box to appear. Then,

choose IP Routing Setup from the Setup menu on the SPEEDLAN Configurator. This dialog box

must be completed before saving any configuration in which IP Routing has been enabled. Saving

the configuration with incomplete entries in the route table will render the SPEEDLAN

inoperable. Enter the appropriate information as described below:

•Default Router (IP Address)

This entry should be set to the IP address of the default router that the SPEEDLAN is to use

when it does not know where to route a particular IP packet.

•Default Router Interface

This entry should be set to the interface to which the default router is connected.

•Preferred IP Address

From time to time routers will transmit unsolicited IP packets such as SNMP Traps, Syslog,

RIP, or IP ARP packets. Most routers randomly use one of the IP addresses from one of the

router's interfaces as the source IP address for these packets. On the brouter you can specify

the source IP address that you prefer to use for these packets.

SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide

IP-Router Setup 8-3

•Default TTL

IP hosts on the Internet send out packets with a default "Time To Live" parameter. If you want

to override the factory default of 64 attempts, specify your new default value here.

• Disable ARP-Cache Aging

Use this option if you want to keep a permanent record of the IP to Ethernet addresses table

for each computer directly connected to an interface on the brouter. This feature is helpful

when used in conjunction with a corporate-wide SNMP monitoring tool to create a

database of all Ethernet-to-IP address combinations on your network. A standard IP router

and the bridge will age their ARP cache entries. It will time out and delete the ARP entries

after a certain specified period (usually 10 minutes). The brouter has the option of not

aging (deleting) any ARP cache entries. This will not normally cause any IP network

problems, but this could result in a large ARP cache table. Since the typical brouter can

hold over 10,000 ARP entries, this is not normally a problem.

Add/Direct Button

Click this button to specify the direct routes for each of the interfaces on the brouter. Direct routes

are those that are directly connected to the interfaces. As an example, if Interface 1 is to have subnet

128.146.6.0 connected to it and an IP address of 128.146.6.1 with a subnet mask of

255.255.255.0, an entry in this dialog box should be set up as: IP Address = 128.146.6.1; IP

Mask = FFFFFF00; and Interface = 1.

SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide

8-4 IP-Router Setup

Add/Indirect Button

Click this button to specify the indirect routes for this brouter. These routes are sometimes referred to

as static routes. You can use indirect routes to define the way to get to subnets that are attached to

other routers in your network. As an example, if subnet 198.17.74.0 is attached to router

128.146.11.20, in order for this brouter to route packets to 198.17.74.1 you should specify an

entry that is set up as: IP Address = 198.17.74.0; IP Mask = FFFFFF00; Next Hop =

128.146.11.20 with Cost = 1.

SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide

IP-Router Setup 8-5

More Button - RIP Routing

Click this button on the IP Router Setup dialog box to enable RIP. Wave Wireless brouters support

what is known as RIP (Routing Information Protocol). RIP allows users to permit network equipment to

communicate with each other to handle the routing plan of your network. Select the appropriate

check boxes as described below:

• Send RIP Default Route

Enabling this feature instructs the brouter to inform the network (via RIP) that it is the default

router for that network. This feature should only be enabled if this brouter is the only

default router on the local network.

•Send RIP Routes

Enabling this feature instructs the brouter to forward all route information gathered and

stored by this brouter through the interface(s) selected. This is normally used in conjunction

with Listen to RIP which instructs the brouter to gather RIP information from other RIP devices

on your network.

SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide

8-6 IP-Router Setup

•Listen to RIP

This function enables the brouter to listen for and update its RIP information. The routes

gathered in this manner come from other RIP-enabled routers on your network. This feature

is normally used in conjunction with Send RIP Routes, which instructs the brouter to pass

along all RIP information it has gathered to other RIP devices on your network.

•Enable Proxy ARP

This feature allows the brouter to be used as the proxy host for users on the local network.

This instructs the brouter to act as a "proxy" for the local destination host. This is used in

circumstances that require connections not normally permitted for individual users on a

network.

•Enable BOOTP/DHCP Forwarding

This feature allows the brouter to pass BOOTP and DHCP requests across the wireless net-

work.

•Forwarding Host

Defines the IP address of the device configured to act as the forwarding host for BOOTP

and DHCP messages in a routed network.

•Accept RIP For the Following Routes

Normally RIP instructs the brouter to forward all route information gathered to all RIP

devices located on you network. Specifying devices in the RIP Access List allows you to limit

which devices will be sent RIP. The devices specified in this list will be the only devices to

receive RIP, while all other devices will be denied the RIP information stored on this brouter.

Chapter 9

SNMP Setup

SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide

9-2 SNMP Setup

SNMP Setup

Choose SNMP Setup from the Setup menu of the SPEEDLAN Configurator to set up SNMP.

•Read Password

This is the read-only password used for SNMP support. It is the SNMP password needed to

read the Flash ROM Configuration and SNMP MIB variables. The factory-default value for

this variable is the string "public".

•Read/Write Password

This is the read/write password used for SNMP support. It is the SNMP password needed to

write the Flash ROM configuration and SNMP MIB variables into the brouter. The string

should be set to a value that is known only by you. The factory-default value for this variable

is the string "public" and should be changed to a string known only to you.

•System Contact

This field should contain the identification of the contact person for this SNMP-managed

node, together with information on how to contact this person.

•System Name

This field should contain the administratively assigned name for this managed node. By

SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide

SNMP Setup 9-3

convention, this is the node's fully qualified Internet Domain name (e.g.,

"bridge20.speedlan.com").

• System Location

This field should contain the physical location of this node. (e.g., "telephone closet, 3rd

floor").

•Trap Host IP Address

This is the IP address of a network-connected host that is set up to receive SNMP Trap mes-

sages from this brouter. If you do not have an SNMP Trap Host, set this to 0.0.0.0.

•Trap Host Password

This is the SNMP read/write password (community name) of the host that is set up to receive

SNMP Trap messages. This field is ignored if the Trap Host IP Address described above is

0.0.0.0.

•SNMP IP Access List

You can optionally set up a list of networks, subnets, and hosts that are authorized to access

the brouter via SNMP.

To modify the SNMP Access List, click Add, Delete, or Edit.

TIP

SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide

9-4 SNMP Setup

Note:____________________________________________________

________________________________________________________

Chapter 10

System Access Setup

SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide

10-2 System Access Setup

System Access Setup

Choose System Access Setup from the Setup menu of the SPEEDLAN Configurator to enter a

password for the System Access Pass Phrase. This will enable you to create a connection between the

equipment or wireless brouters. The default for the Pass Phrase is "public".

All wireless units connected to the brouter are restricted to systems based on the System Access Pass

Phrase. Any wireless brouter that does not have the correct System Access Pass Phrase will not be to

establish a wireless data connection.

Chapter 11

SNMP Monitoring

Wave Wireless Networking SLXE2 Spread Spectrum Transmitter User Manual SPEEDLAN manual

Wave Wireless Networking Spread Spectrum Transmitter SPEEDLAN manual

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