Wave Wireless Networking SLXE2 Spread Spectrum Transmitter User Manual SPEEDLAN manual

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Document ID	236881
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Document Description	users manual 2
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Document Type	User Manual
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Filesize	56.16kB (702044 bits)
Date Submitted	2002-04-16 00:00:00
Date Available	2002-04-12 00:00:00
Creation Date	2002-04-03 03:21:26
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Document Lastmod	2002-04-03 03:35:56
Document Title	SPEEDLAN manual.book
Document Creator	FrameMaker 6.0
Document Author:	DFatone

SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide
TIP
To monitor the SNMP results, choose the appropriate selection by choosing Monitor (on the
SPEEDLAN Configurator)+ Advanced + your selection.
Remote Statistics
In the Remote Statistics dialog box, you are presented with information regarding the way a brouter
handles packets as they are passing through an interface. Below you will find many useful items for
diagnosing and gathering traffic statistics for each interface.
11-2
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SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide
SNMP Monitoring
•
Unicast packets in
The number of subnetwork-unicast packets delivered to a higher-layer protocol.
•
Unicast packets out
The total number of octets (bytes) transmitted out of the interface, including framing
characters.
•
Non-Unicast packets in
The number of non-unicast (i.e., subnetwork-broadcast or subnetwork-multicast) packets
delivered to a higher-layer protocol.
•
Non-Unicast packets out
The total number of octets (bytes) transmitted out of the interface, including framing
characters.
•
Bytes in
Total number of octets (bytes) received on the interface, including framing characters.
•
Bytes out
The total number of packets that have higher-layer protocols requested be transmitted to a
non-unicast (i.e., a subnetwork-broadcast or subnetwork-multicast) address, including those
that were discarded or not sent.
•
Bridge in discards
The count of valid frames that have been received which were discarded (i.e., filtered) by
the forwarding process.
•
Bridge out packets
The number of frames that have been transmitted by this port to its segment. Note that a
frame transmitted on the interface corresponding to this port is not counted by this object
unless it is for a protocol being processed by the local bridging function.
•
In errors
The number of inbound packets that contained errors preventing them from being
deliverable to a higher-layer protocol.
•
In discards
The number of inbound packets which were chosen to be discarded even though they were
deliverable. One possible reason for discarding such a packet could be to free up buffer
space.
•
In Alignment Errors
A count of frames received on a particular interface that are not an integral number of
octets in length and do not pass the FCS check.
•
In FCS Errors
A count of frames received on a particular interface that are an integral number of octets in
length, but do not pass the FCS check.
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SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide
11-4
•
Out Errors
The number of outbound packets that could not be transmitted because of errors.
•
Out Carrier Sense Errors
The number of times that the carrier-sense condition was lost or never asserted when the
SPEEDLAN attempted to transmit a frame on a particular interface.
•
Out Collisions
A count of successfully transmitted frames on a particular interface for which transmission is
inhibited by exactly one or more collisions, plus the number of times that a collision is
detected on a particular interface later than 512 bit-times into the transmission of a packet.
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SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide
Interface Monitor
The interfaces table contains information on the brouter's interface(s). Each interface is thought of as
being attached to a `subnetwork'. Note that this term should not be confused with `subnet' which
refers to an address-partitioning scheme used in the Internet suite of protocols.
•
SNMP Monitoring
Type
The type of interface, distinguished according to the physical-link protocols immediately
below the network layer in the protocol stack. The possible types are: other, regular1822,
hdh1822, ddn-x25, rfc877-x25, ethernet-csmacd, iso88023-csmacd, iso80024-tokenbus,
iso88025-tokenring, iso99026-man, starLan, proteon-10Mbit, proteon-80Mbit,
hyperchannel, fddi, lapb, sdlc, ds1, e1, basicISDN, PrimaryISDN, propPointToPointSerial,
ppp, softwareloopback, eon, ethernet-3Mbit, nsip, slip, ultra, ds3, sip, frame-relay.
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SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide
11-6
•
Description
A textual string containing information about the interface. This string should include the
name of the manufacturer, the product name, and the version of the hardware interface.
•
MIB specific definator
A reference to MIB definitions specific to the particular media being used to realize the
interface. For example, if the interface is being realized by an Ethernet, then the value of this
object refers to a document defining objects specific to the Ethernet. If this information is not
present, its value will be set to 0.
•
Physical Address
The interface's address at the protocol layer immediately below the network layer in the
protocol stack. For interfaces which do not have such an address (e.g., a serial line), this
object should contain an octet string of zero length.
•
Last Change
The value of sysUpTime at the time the interface entered its current operational state. If the
current state was entered prior to the last reinitialization of the local network-management
subsystem, then this object contains a value of zero.
•
Operational Status
The state of the interface. The testing state indicates that no operational packets can be
passed. Up - ready to pass packets; Down - cannot pass packets; testing - in some test
mode.
•
Admin Status
The desired state of the interface. The testing state indicates that no operational packets can
be passed.
•
Speed
An estimate of the interface's current bandwidth in bits per second. For interfaces which do
not vary in bandwidth or whose bandwidth can't be accurately estimated, this object should
contain the nominal bandwidth.
•
Max packet size
The size of the largest datagram which can be sent/received on the interface, specified in
octets. For interfaces used for transmitting network datagrams, this is the size of the largest
network datagram that can be sent on the interface.
•
In octets (bytes)
The total number of octets (bytes) received on the interface, including framing characters.
•
In unicast packets
The number of subnetwork-unicast packets delivered to a higher-layer protocol.
•
In non-unicast packets
The number of non-unicast (i.e., subnetwork-broadcast or subnetwork-multicast) packets
delivered to a higher-layer protocol.
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SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide
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•
In discards
The number of inbound packets to which were chosen to be discarded even they were
deliverable to a higher-layer protocol. One possible reason for discarding such a packet
could be to free up buffer space.
•
In errors
The number of inbound packets that contained errors preventing them from being
deliverable to a higher-layer protocol.
•
Unknown protocols
The number of packets received via the interface which were discarded because of an
unknown or unsupported protocol.
•
Out octets (bytes)
The total number of octets (bytes) transmitted out of the interface, including framing
characters.
•
Out unicast packets
The total number of packets that higher-layer protocols requested be transmitted to a subnetwork-unicast address, including those that were discarded or not sent.
•
Out non-unicast packets
The total number of packets that higher-layer protocols requested be transmitted to a nonunicast (i.e. a subnetwork-broadcast or subnetwork-multicast) address, including those that
were discarded or not sent.
•
Out errors
The number of outbound packets that contained errors preventing them from being
transmitted via this interface.
•
Output queue length
The total number of octets (bytes) waiting to be transmitted via this interface.
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SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide
Ethernet-like Interface Monitor
This displays information on the interfaces available for the device selected for Ethernet monitoring.
11-8
•
Alignment Errors
These alignment errors appear when the station discards the transmission alignment. Errors
received on the Ethernet interface that are not an intergral number of octets in length and
do not pass the FCS check. This also applies to FCS Errors below.
•
FCS Errors
These are data link protocols used with the frame check sequence, which allows the
receiver to detect collisions.
•
SQE Test Errors
These test errors appear in the System Quality Evaluation process of the interface.
•
Deferred Transmissions
These are the number of packets that were tossed.
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SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide
SNMP Monitoring
•
Carrier Sense Errors
These are errors appearing when two devices are trying to transmit at once. Therefore, a
collision occurs and is detected by all sense devices, and the transmission is delayed.
•
Frames Too Long
This error appears when the data link header is too long.
•
Single Collision Frames
Packets that had a single collision during transmission requiring a single re-transmission.
•
Multiple Collision Frames
Packets that had a multiple collision during transmission requiring a multiple retransmission.
•
Late Collisions
A packet that was not delivered to the transceiver on time.
•
Internal MAC Transmit Errors
An internal error within the Medium Access Protocol during the transmission process.
•
Internal MAC Receive Errors
An internal error within the Medium Access Protocol during the receiving process.
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SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide
SectorPRC Station Entries
This displays the wireless stations connected to the brouter.
G-Link
Base
207,568
601
•
Station Name
Name of system assigned in the SNMP Setup for a brouter or in the Network Control Panel
for Single Device Adapters (Note: Single Device Adapters will only communicate with a
SPEEDLAN ISP series base station. They will appear on the Wireless Remote Entries
dialog box of a shelfmount series base station, if the base can hear their RF signal.)
•
Type
Valid entries are: Base, Remote, Peer, and Offline.
•
Transmit
Number of transmissions from the wireless station.
Re-Transmit
Number of re-transmissions from the wireless station.
Note: A high number of re-transmit errors usually indicates that the signal quality is poor.
•
11-10
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SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide
Failure
Number of transmission failures from the wireless station.
Note: Click RF Stats to view the radio frequency statistics for the wireless station connected to
•
the brouter (as shown below). Then, click Back to return to this dialog box.
SNMP Monitoring
•
Station Name
Name of the brouter.
•
Signal
The higher the Signal Level, the better. This ratio should be between 50 to 70%. In order for
the link to be successful, you should have approximately 20 points higher than the noise.
•
Noise
The higher the Signal Level, the better. This ratio should be between 50 to 70%. In order for
the link to be successful, you should have approximately 20 points higher than the noise.
•
SNR (Signal-to-Noise Ratio)
Number of the signal divided by the number of noise. The higher the SNR is, the better.
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SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide
•
Excellent, Good, Low
This displays the packet transmission rate. The packet count should be 98% or better.
Note:
Click Back to return to the SectorPRC information.
11Mb RF Interface
This displays the interface(s) connected to the brouter.
11-12
•
Transmitted Fragment Count
The number of frames transmitted.
•
Multicast Transmitted Frame Count
The number of multicast frames transmitted.
•
Failed Count
The number of frames that did not transmit.
•
Multiple Retry Count
The number of multiple attempts to resend a frame.
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SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide
SNMP Monitoring
•
Received Fragment Count
The number of frames received.
•
Multicast Received Frame Count
The number of multicast frames received.
•
FCS Error Count
The number of data link protocols used with the frame check sequence, which allows the
receiver to detect collisions.
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SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide
SNMP Monitor
This displays the SNMP messages that are received or sent.
SNMP Messages Received
11-14
•
Total Messages
The total number of SNMP messages received.
•
Unsupported Version
The total number of SNMP messages which were delivered to the SNMP protocol entity and
were for an unsupported SNMP version.
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SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide
SNMP Monitoring
•
Unknown Community
The total number of SNMP messages delivered to the SNMP protocol entity which used an
SNMP community name not known to the brouter.
•
Invalid Operations
The total number of SNMP messages delivered to the SNMP protocol entity which
represented SNMP operations not allowed by the SNMP community named in the message.
•
ASN.1/BER parse errors
The total number of ASN.1 or BER errors encountered by the SNMP protocol entity when
decoding received SNMP messages.
•
Error-status `too big'
The total number of SNMP PDUs delivered to the SNMP protocol entity for which the value
of the error-status field was `too big'.
•
Error-status `noSuchName'
The total number of SNMP PDUs delivered to the SNMP protocol entity for which the value
of the error-status field was `noSuchName'.
•
Error-status `badValue'
The total number of SNMP PDUs delivered to the SNMP protocol entity for which the errorstatus field was indicated `badValue'.
•
Error-status `ReadOnly'
The total number of valid SNMP PDUs delivered to the SNMP protocol entity for which the
value of the error-status field was `ReadOnly'. It should be noted that it is a protocol error
to generate an SNMP PDU which contains the value `ReadOnly' in the error-status field;
use this field to detect incorrect implementations of SNMP.
•
Error-status `genErr'
The total number of SNMP PDUs delivered to the SNMP protocol entity for which the errorstatus field was `genErr'.
•
Total requested variables
The total number of MIB objects retrieved successfully by the SNMP protocol entity as the
result of receiving valid SNMP Get-Request and Get-Next PDUs.
•
Total variables set
The total number of MIB objects altered successfully by the SNMP protocol entity as the
result of receiving valid Set-Request PDUs.
•
Get requests
The total number of SNMP Get-request PDUs accepted and processed by the SNMP protocol entity.
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SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide
•
Get next requests
The total number of SNMP Get-next PDUs accepted and processed by the SNMP protocol
entity.
•
Set requests
The total number of SNMP Set-request PDUs accepted and processed by the SNMP protocol entity.
•
Get responses
The total number of SNMP Get-response PDUs accepted and processed by the SNMP protocol entity.
•
Traps
The total number of SNMP Trap PDUs accepted and processed by the SNMP protocol entity.
SNMP Messages Sent
11-16
•
Total Messages
The total number of SNMP messages passed from the SNMP protocol entity to the transport
service.
•
Error-status `tooBig'
The total number of SNMP PDUs generated by the SNMP protocol entity for which the value
of the error-status field was `tooBig'.
•
Error-status `noSuchName'
The total number of SNMP PDUs generated by the SNMP protocol entity for which the value
of the error-status field was `noSuchName'.
•
Error-status `badValue'
The total number of SNMP PDUs generated by the SNMP protocol entity for which the value
of the error-status field was `badValue'.
•
Error-status `genErr'
The total number of SNMP PDUs generated by the SNMP protocol entity for which the value
of the error-status field was `genErr'.
•
Get requests
The total number of SNMP Get-request PDUs generated by the SNMP protocol entity.
•
Get next requests
The total number of SNMP Get-next-request PDUs generated by the SNMP protocol entity.
•
Set requests
The total number of SNMP Set-request PDUs generated by the SNMP protocol entity.
•
Get responses
The total number of SNMP Get-response PDUs generated by the SNMP protocol entity.
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SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide
•
Traps
The total number of SNMP Trap PDUs generated by the SNMP protocol entity.
•
Authentication Failure Traps
Indicates whether the SNMP agent process is permitted to generate authentication-failure
traps.
IP Monitor
The brouter keeps the standard SNMP MIB II statistics on IP type protocols as indicated below.
•
SNMP Monitoring
Forwarding Status
Indicates whether this entity is acting as an IP gateway in respect to the forwarding of datagrams received by, but not addressed to this entity. IP gateways forward datagrams, and IP
hosts do not (except those source-routed via the host). Note that for some managed nodes,
this object may take on only a subset of the possible values.
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SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide
11-18
•
Default TTL
The default value inserted into the Time-To-Live field of the IP header of datagrams
originated at this entity, whenever a TTL value is not supplied by the transport-layer
protocol.
•
Datagrams received
The total number of IP datagrams received by the host.
•
Header errors
The number of input datagrams discarded due to errors in their IP headers, including bad
checksum errors, version-number mismatch, other format errors, time-to-live exceeded,
errors discovered in processing their IP options, etc.
•
Invalid destinations
The number of input datagrams discarded because the IP address in their IP header's
destination field was not a valid address for this entity to receive. This count includes invalid
addresses (i.e., 0.0.0.0) and addresses of unsupported classes (i.e., Class E). For entities
which are not IP gateways and therefore do not forward datagrams, this counter includes
datagrams discarded because the destination address was not a local address.
•
Unknown protocols
The number of locally-addressed datagrams received successfully but discarded because of
an unknown or unsupported protocol.
•
Input Discards
The number of input IP datagrams for which no problems were encountered to prevent their
continued processing, but which were discarded anyway (e.g., for lack of buffer space).
Note that this counter does not include any datagrams discarded while awaiting reassembly.
•
Deliveries
The total number of input datagrams successfully delivered to IP user-protocols.
•
Output requests
The total number of IP datagrams that are user-protocols (including ICMP) supplied to IP inrequests for transmission. Note that this counter does not include any datagrams counted in
Datagrams forwarded.
•
Output discards
The number of output IP datagrams for which no problem was encountered to prevent their
transmission to their destination, but which were discarded anyway (e.g., for lack of buffer
space). Note that this counter would include datagrams counted in Datagrams forwarded if
any such packets met this (discretionary) discard criterion.
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SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide
SNMP Monitoring
•
Unknown routes
The number of IP datagrams discarded because no route could be found to transmit them
to their destination. Note that this counter includes any packets counted in Datagrams
forwarded which meet this `no-route'criterion, as well as any datagrams which a host
cannot route because all of its default gateways are down.
•
Reassembly timeout
The maximum number of seconds that received fragments are held while they are awaiting
reassembly at this entity.
•
Reassembly fragments
The number of IP datagrams received which needed to be reassembled at this entity.
•
Good Reassemblies
The number of IP datagrams successfully reassembled.
•
Failed Reassemblies
The number of failures detected by the IP reassembly algorithm (for whatever reason - timed
out, errors, etc.). Note that this is not necessarily a count of discarded IP fragments since
some algorithms (notably the algorithm in RFC 815) can lose track of the number of
fragments by combining them as they are received.
•
Datagrams fragmented
The number of IP datagrams that have been successfully fragmented at this entity.
•
Fragment failures
The number of IP-datagram fragments that have been discarded because they needed to be
fragmented at this entity but could not be because the datagram's "don't fragment" flag was
set.
•
Fragments created
The number of IP-datagram fragments that have been generated as a result of
fragmentation at this entity.
•
Datagrams forwarded
The number of input datagrams for which this entity was not their final IP destination, as a
result of which an attempt was made to find a route to forward them to that final
destination. In entities which do not act as IP gateways, this counter will include only those
packets which were Source-Routed via this entity, and for which Source-Route option
processing was successful.
•
Routing discards
The number of routing entries which were chosen to be discarded even though they were
valid. One possible reason for discarding such an entry could be to free up buffer space for
other routing.
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SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide
IP/TCP/UDP Monitor
The brouter keeps the standard TCP/UDP statistics on IP protocols as indicated below.
TCP
11-20
•
Rto Algorithm
The algorithm used to determine the timeout value used for retransmitting unacknowledged
octets, which can be: "other" - none of the following; "constant" - a constant rto; "rsre" - MILSTD-1778, Appendix B; "vanj" - Van Jacobson's algorithm.
•
Rto Minimum
The minimum value permitted by a TCP implementation for the retransmission timeout,
measured in milliseconds. More refined semantics for objects of this type depend upon the
algorithm used to determine the retransmission timeout. In particular, when the timeout
algorithm is "rsre", an object of this type has the semantics of the LBOUND quality
described in RFC 793.
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SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide
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•
Rto Maximum
The maximum value permitted by a TCP implementation for the retransmission timeout,
measured in milliseconds. More refined semantics for objects of this type depend upon the
algorithm used to determine the retransmission timeout. In particular, when the timeout
algorithm is rsre, an object of this type has the semantics of the LBOUND quality described
in RFC 793.
•
Maximum connections
The limit on the total number of TCP connections the entity can support. In entities where
the maximum number of connections is dynamic, this object should contain the value -1.
•
Active opens
The number of times TCP connections have made a direct transition to the SYN-SENT state
from the CLOSED state.
•
Passive opens
The number of times TCP connections have made a direct transition to SYN-SENT state
from the LISTEN state.
•
Attempts failed
The number of times TCP connections have made a direct transition to the CLOSED state
from either the SYN-SENT state or the SYN-RCVD state, plus the number of times TCP
connections have made a direct transition to the LISTEN state from the SYN-RCVD state.
•
Establish resets
The number of times TCP connections have made a direct transition to the closed state from
either the ESTABLISHED state or the CLOSE-WAIT state.
•
Current establishes
The number of TCP connections for which the current state is either ESTABLISHED or
CLOSE-WAIT.
•
Segments received
The total number of segments received, including those received in error. This count
includes segments received on currently established connections.
•
Segments sent
The total number of segments sent, including those on current connections but excluding
those containing only retransmission octets.
•
Segments retransmitted
The total number of segments retransmitted -- that is, the number of TCP segments
transmitted containing one or more previously transmitted octets.
•
Segments in error
The total number of segments received in error (i.e., with bad TCP checksums).
•
Segment sent with RST
The number of TCP segments sent containing the RST flag.
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SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide
UDP
11-22
•
Datagrams received
The total number of UDP datagrams delivered to UDP users.
•
No such port
The total number of received UDP datagrams for which there was no application at the destination port.
•
Datagrams in error
The number of received UDP datagrams that could not be delivered for a reason other than
the lack of an application at the destination port.
•
Datagrams sent
The total number of UDP datagrams sent from this entity.
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SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide
ICMP Monitor
The brouter keeps the standard statistics on ICMP as indicated below.
ICMP Messages Received
SNMP Monitoring
•
Total messages
The total number of ICMP messages which the entity received. Note that this counter
includes all those counted by received Errors.
•
Errors
The number of ICMP messages which the entity received but determined as having ICMPspecific errors (bad checksums, bad length, etc).
•
Destination unreachable
The number of ICMP Destination Unreachable messages received.
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SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide
•
Time exceeded
The number of ICMP Time Exceeded messages received.
•
Parameter problems
The number of ICMP Parameter Problem messages received.
•
Source quench
The number of ICMP Source Quench messages received.
•
Redirects
The number of ICMP Redirect messages received.
•
Echoes
The number of ICMP Echo (request) messages received.
•
Echo reply
The number of ICMP Echo Reply messages received.
•
Time stamp
The number of ICMP Timestamp (request) messages received.
•
Time stamp reply
The number of ICMP Timestamp Reply messages received.
•
Address mask
The number of ICMP Address Mask (request) messages received.
•
Address mask reply
The number of ICMP Address Mask Reply messages received.
ICMP Messages Sent
11-24
•
Total messages
The total number of ICMP messages which this entity attempted to send. Note that this
counter includes all those counted by ICMP out Errors.
•
Errors
The number of ICMP messages which this entity did not send due to problems discovered
within ICMP, such as a lack of buffers. This value does not include errors discovered outside
the ICMP layer such as the inability of IP to route the resultant datagram. In some implementations there may be no types of errors which contribute to this counter's value.
•
Destination Unreachable
The number of ICMP Destination Unreachable messages sent.
•
Time exceeded
The number of ICMP Time exceeded messages sent.
•
Parameter problems
The number of ICMP Parameter Problem messages sent.
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SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide
SNMP Monitoring
•
Source quench
The number of ICMP Source Quench messages sent.
•
Redirects
The number of ICMP Redirect messages sent.
•
Echoes
The number of ICMP Echo (request) messages sent.
•
Echo Reply
The number of ICMP Echo Reply messages sent.
•
Time Stamp
The number of ICMP Time Stamp (request) messages sent.
•
Time Stamp Reply
The number of ICMP Time Stamp Reply messages sent.
•
Address mask
The number of ICMP Address Mask (request) messages sent.
•
Address mask reply
The number of ICMP Address Mask Reply messages sent.
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SNMP Monitoring
Chapter 12
Tables
SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide
TIP
To open the tables, choose the appropriate selection by choosing Monitor (on the SPEEDLAN
Configurator)+ Advanced + your selection
System Information
System Information displays information about the brouter's Management Information Base Group.
The brouter keeps the standard SNMP MIB II statistics on system-related information as indicated
below.
• Name
An administratively-assigned name for this managed node. By convention, this is the node's
fully-qualified domain name.
12-2
•
Location
The physical location of this node (e.g., `telephone closet, 3rd').
•
Contact
The name/position of the contact person for this managed node, together with information
on how to contact this person.
•
Description
This value contains the full name and version identification of the system's hardware type,
software operating system, and network software.
•
Up time
The time since the network-management portion of the system was last re-initialized.
Tables
SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide
•
Services
The number of services handled by the brouter.
•
Object ID
The identification number of the brouter.
Bridge Learn Table
This table contains information about unicast entries for which the brouter has forwarding and/or
filtering information. This information is used by the transparent bridging function to determine how
to propagate a received frame.
Tables
12-3
SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide
12-4
•
Address
A unicast MAC address for which the brouter has forwarding and/or filtering information.
•
Interface
Either the value 0 (zero), or the interface number on which a frame has been seen. A value
of 0 (zero) indicates that the interface number has not been learned but the brouter does
have some forwarding/filtering information about this address.
•
Status
The status of this entry. The meanings of the values are:
•
other
None of the following.
•
invalid
This entry is no longer valid, but has not been flushed from the table yet.
•
learned
This entry was learned, and is being used.
•
self
This entry represents one of the brouter's addresses. The interface value indicates which
of the brouter's interfaces has this address.
•
mgmt
This entry is also the value of an existing instance in the static table.
Tables
SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide
IP ARP Table
The IP ARP Table contains the IP-Address-to-`physical'-(MAC)-Address equivalences.
Tables
•
Interface
The interface on which this entry is effective.
•
IP Physical Address
The media-dependent `physical' (MAC) address. An example would be the MAC address of
the Ethernet interface.
•
IP Address
The IP address corresponding to the media-dependent `physical' (MAC) address.
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SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide
•
12-6
Media Type
The type of mapping:
•
other
none of the following
•
invalid
an invalidated mapping
•
dynamic
a mapping that can change with circumstances
•
static
a mapping which does not change
Tables
SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide
IP Route Table
The brouter keeps the standard SNMP MIB II statistics on the IP routing table, which contains an
entry for each route presently known.
Tables
•
Intf
The local interface through which the next hop of this route should be reached.
•
Destination
The destination IP address of this route. An entry with a value of 0.0.0.0 is considered a
default route. Multiple routes assigned to a single destination can appear in the table, but
access to such multiple entries is dependent on the table-access mechanisms defined by the
network-management protocol in use.
•
Next Hop
The IP address of the next hop of this route.
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SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide
•
Subnet Mask
Indicates the mask to be a logical-ANDed with the destination address before being compared to the value in the Destination field. For systems that do not support arbitrary subnet
masks, an agent constructs the value of the Subnet Mask by determining whether the value
of the correspondent Destination field belongs to a Class A, B, or C network.
•
Route Type
Type of route. This can be:
•
•
12-8
•
other
none of the following
•
invalid
an invalidated route
•
direct
route to directly connected (sub-)network
•
indirect
route to a non-local host/network/subnetwork.
Route Protocol
The routing mechanism by which this route was learned. Inclusion of values for gatewayrouting protocols is not intended to imply that hosts should support those protocols. The
values are as follows:
•
other
none of the following
•
local
non-protocol information
•
netmgmt
entries set via a network-management protocol
•
icmp
obtained via ICMP (e.g., ICMP `redirect')
•
egp
all gateway-routing protocols
•
ggp
all gateway-routing protocols
Route Metric
The primary routing metric for this route. The semantics of this metric are determined by the
routing protocol specified in the route's Route Protocol value. If this metric is not used, its
value should be set to -1.
Tables
SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide
IP/TCP Connection Table
This table reports the states of the TCP connections and contains the following fields as indicated
below.
Tables
•
Local Address
The local IP address for this TCP connection. In the case of a connection in the listen state
which is willing to accept connections for any IP interface associated with the node, the
value 0.0.0.0 is used.
•
Local Port
The local port number for this TCP connection.
•
Remote Address
The remote IP address for this TCP connection.
•
Remote Port
The remote port number for this IP connection.
•
State
The state of this TCP connection, which can be one of the following: closed, listen, synSent,
synReceived, established, finWait1, finWait2, closeWait, LastAck, closing, timeWait,
deleteTCB.
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SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide
IP/UDP Listener Table
This table reports the states of the UDP connections and contains the following fields as indicated
below.
12-10
•
Local Port
The local port number for this UDP connection.
•
Local Address
The local IP address for this UDP connection. In the case of a connection in the listen state
which is willing to accept connections for any IP interface associated with the node, the
value 0.0.0.0 is used.
Tables
SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide
Local IP-Address Table
The table displays addressing information that is relevant to the entity’s IP addresses.
Tables
•
Intf
The interface to which the entry is applicable.
•
IP Address
The IP address to which this entry's addressing information pertains.
•
Subnet Mask
The subnet mask associated with the IP address of this entity. The value of the mask is an IP
address with all the network bits set to 1 and all the host bits set to 0.
•
Broadcast Address
The value of the least-significant bit in the IP broadcast address used for sending datagrams
on the logical interface associated with the IP address of this entry. For example, when the
Internet standard all-ones broadcast address is used, the value will be 1. This value applies
to both the subnet- and network-broadcast address used by the entity on this logical
interface.
•
Reasm Max
The size of the largest IP datagram which this entity can re-assemble from incoming IP
fragmented datagrams received on this interface.
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SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide
Notes:___________________________________________________
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Tables
Chapter 13
Analyzing Wireless Equipment
SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide
Select Another Device
Use this feature to select another pair of bridges, routers or remote brouters. This is a helpful
feature when running a wireless link test. Note that you must scan the brouter before selecting
another device.
To select another wireless device, do the following:
13-2
From the Analyze, menu, choose Select Another Device.
The Enter IP Address dialog box appears.
Verify the information in the Enter IP Address dialog box and click Scan. This opens the
Scan dialog box, which allows you to select the new pair.
Select the pair and click OK. Verify the Remote and IP Address and Read/Write Password in
the Enter IP Address dialog box. Then, click OK. The SPEEDLAN Configurator confirms that
the device was located. Click OK again. You have successfully selected another device and
test the pair as needed.
Analyzing Wireless Equipment
SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide
Analysis Polling Interval
Use the feature to set the rate at which the SPEEDLAN Configurator polls the brouter during analysis.
Note that you must scan the brouter before setting the interval rate.
To set the rate of the interval, do the following:
From the Analyze menu, choose Analysis Interval. The Analysis Polling Interval dialog box
appears.
Use your mouse and move the interval to the rate of your specification. Then, click OK.
Wireless Link Test
Run the wireless link test to verify that your equipment is communicating properly at the RF level. This
test can be performed when you are performing a bench test for the brouter or from the actual link.
This process will help you during your performance evaluation. If you already scanned the brouter
(or bridge pair), skip to Step 5.
To initialize a link test, do the following:
From the File menu, choose Open Remote Config. Then, click Scan.
Analyzing Wireless Equipment
13-3
SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide
13-4
Select the name of the brouter that you want to initialize.
Click OK to confirm that the IP address is correct.
Click OK again. You should receive the following message: "Configuration has been read
from the Bridge (ip xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx)."
From the Analyze menu, choose Wireless Link Test. The Select a Remote Link Partner (for
your bridge pair) appears.
Analyzing Wireless Equipment
SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide
Select the Station Name or (name of bridge pair) of the brouter or clients that you want to
test.
Description of Wireless Link Test Window
•
Name
Name of the initiator station of the wireless link test.
•
Description
Initiator station brouter type and firmware version.
•
Location
Location of the initiator station. (This is only available if entered in the SNMP Setup options
by selecting SNMP Setup from the Setup menu.)
Analyzing Wireless Equipment
13-5
SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide
•
Up Time
Amount of time that the initiator station has been running since the last reboot.
•
Station Name
Name of the remote partners that are currently communicating with the initiator station.
•
Address
MAC address of the interface of the remote partner.
•
Interface
The interface of the initiator station that the remote partner is communicating to.
•
Radio Type
The type of radio specified in the Remote Partner.
7 Next, click Link Test. The wireless link test should begin as displayed on the next page.
Note: For more detailed information, click Details (located near the bottom of the Remote
Link Test dialog box).
13-6
Analyzing Wireless Equipment
SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide
Important Wireless Statistics
Some of the most important wireless statistics are the following:
•
Link Quality
This displays the quality of the link.
•
Green = Good activity
•
Yellow = Acceptable activity
•
Red = Poor activity
•
SNR (Signal-to-Noise Ratio)
The ratio of the standard description of the signal to the standard deviation of the noise.
•
Signal
Again, the higher the signal level, the better. In order for the link to be successful, you
should have a signal level approximately 20 points higher than the noise.
•
Noise
Since the spread spectrum signals run clearly, the noise level is usually very low. The lower
the noise, the better.
•
Packets
This displays the percentage of test packets successfully received at each end. A higher percentage is better.
If you are loosing a large percentage of packets, try realigning the antenna or
TIP
changing its polarization (keeping in mind the antenna polarization must be the same
at both ends of the wireless link. Then, run the wireless link test again.
•
Log
You can log the results of the link test into an ASCII text file. You can run the performance
over time and create a graphic to view the past to current results.
To exit this test, click Quit. Rerun the wireless link test after you have configured each
brouter or implemented any antenna alignments to verify that all equipment is communicating successfully.
Fine tune antennas to maximize signal level at each site and repeat the link test again to
confirm good performance.
Analyzing Wireless Equipment
13-7
SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide
Antenna Alignment
Use this feature to continuously broadcast packets in order to test optimum antenna alignment. Note
that you must scan the brouter before running this test.
WARNING!
This test will broadcast a large amount of test packets across the wireless link. It will
interfere with normal wireless network operation.
To run the antenna alignment test, do the following:
From the Analyze menu, choose Antenna Alignment. The Antenna Alignment dialog box
appears.
2 Enter the following information:
13-8
•
Interface to run test on
Each brouter contains several network interfaces to which it may be connected. The
network interfaces are numbered (i.e., 1,2,3...). The number of interface can be found
by choosing Interface Setup from the Setup menu.
•
Seconds to run test (0=Stop)
This is simply the length (in seconds) of the antenna alignment test.
•
Transmit Rate
This is the speed (measured in Hertz) of the signal transmission.
Analyzing Wireless Equipment
Glossary for Standard Data
Communications
SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide
Glossary for Standard Data Communications
Alignment
In order to create a successful link, all related equipment should be associated to its respective attachments or equipment.
Amplitude
The magnitude of a waveform when measured from the mid-point to the peak of the wave.
Analog
A signal in the form of a continuously varying quantity such as voltage, frequency or phase.
Antenna
Device used to concentrate and direct the energy of a signal into a tight beam. Parabolic or dish, grid, and Yagi are different varieties of antennas.
Antenna Gain
The ratio of the power radiated by an antenna in a specific direction versus the power required to produce this same
strength if an isotropic antenna were used.
Attenuation
The measure of the loss of power in a microwave signal as it travels between two points. It is measured in decibels (dB).
Attenuator
Attenuators simulate antennas during bench tests.
Azimuth
This is the direction of antenna pointing relative to true north.
Band
A portion of the electromagnetic frequency spectrum.
Bandwidth
The range of frequencies over which a device will transmit information.
Bit
An abbreviation for binary digits.
Glossary-2
SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide
Bit Error Rate
A measure of the number of errors in a digital transmission. Typically given as an exponential number that represents the
ratio of errors to total bits. Example: 1E-03 = 0.001 = 1.0 x 10-3 and 1.0E-6 = 0.000001 = 1.0 x 10-3. A single element in a binary code. A measure of the number of errors in a digital transmission. Typically given as an exponential
number that represents the ratio of errors to total bits. Example: 1E-03 = 0.001 = 1.0 x 10-3 and 1.0E-6 = 0.000001
= 1.0 x 10-3.
Bridge
The function of a bridge is to connect separate networks together. This device operates at the DataLink Layer of the OSI
model. Bridges connect different network types (such as Fast Ethernet and Ethernet) or networks of the same type. Bridges
allow only necessary traffic to pass through the designated segments. When the bridge receives a packet, the bridge determines the destination and source segments. If the segments are the same, the packet is dropped, or filtered. If the segments are different, then the packet is “forwarded” to the correct segment. Additionally, bridges do not forward bad or
misaligned packets. Bridges are also called “store-and-forward” devices because they look at the whole Ethernet packet
before making filtering or forwarding decisions. Filtering packets, and regenerating forwarded packets enables bridging
technology to split a network into separate collision domains.
Brouter
This device is a combination of a router and a bridge in one product.
Byte
A data unit consisting of eight bits.
Cable
A transmission medium of copper wire or optical fiber wrapped in a protective cover.
Channel
A specific band of frequencies designated for a specific purpose; the data path between two nodes.
Channel Service Unit/Data Service Unit (CSU/DSU)
Manages digital transmission and monitors signals for problems. Performs many functions similar to a modem with the
exception of converting digital signals to/from analog since the end device and transmission facility are both digital.
Channel Spacing
The amount of space signals can flow through.
Glossary-3
SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide
Class
Understanding this methodology is difficult, even for customers. Therefore, let’s explain this in easier terms. The first octet
(or octets) defines the “class” (indicated by the word “net” in this example) of the address, which is the only method to tell
the size of the network (how big) and where the internet address belongs. The remaining octets indicate availability for network equipment (i.e., computer or other network equipment). The three main classes are: Class A, Class B, and
Class C.
•
Class A: Net, Node, Node, Node 255.0.0.0 (last three octets are available for equipment)
•
Class B: Net, Net, Node, Node 255.255.0.0 (last two octets are available for equipment)
•
Class C: Net, Net, Net, Node 255.255.255.0 (last octet is available for equipment)
Coaxial Cable
A type of transmission line consisting of a center conductor wire surrounded by insulation that is in turn surrounded by a
conductive shield made of metal foil or wire braid. Often used to connect the RF unit and modem unit of a wireless
system.
Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA)
A system in which all users occupy the same bandwidth. Uncorrelated codes are used to allow for higher bandwidth occupancy. This is also known as the spread spectrum system.
Common Management Information Protocol (CMIP)
A network management protocol that is consistent with an Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) network communication
model.
Company name
This is the name of the company that owns or maintains the radio given to the terminal.
Console
This device allows you to communicate through the Telnet client to access the configuration software.
Crimp
Crimp the connector to secure the conductors.
Customer Premise Equipment (CPE)
Any equipment located at the customer site. Usually in reference to those that are connected to a network.
Data Communication Equipment (DCE)
A definition of an interface standard that determines how it is connected to another device. For most modems, it resolves
issues of interface between Data Terminal Equipment (DTE) and the network.
Glossary-4
SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide
Data Terminal Equipment (DTE)
Hardware that provides for data communications. See also DCE above.
dBm
Decibels (dB) relative to 1 milliwatt.
dBw
Decibels (dB) relative to 1 watt.
Decibel (dB)
The standard unit of measurement for expressing relative signal power. It is dimensionless and is instead referenced to a
certain level.
Diffraction
The distortion of a wave as it is partially obstructed by an object in its path.
Digital Signal Processor (DSP)
A specialized computer chip designed to perform speedy and complex operations on digitized waveforms.
Direct Sequence (DS)
A type of spreading technique that multiplies a higher rate PN code to the signal in order to spread the energy of the narrow band signal over a much wider bandwidth for transmission.
Direct Sequence Speed Spectrum (DSSS)
DSSS may be seen as the result of two processes. Data is multiplied with a higher rate digital sequence (spreading code).
The sequence has many “chips” for every data bit. The resultant signal modulates the RF carrier.
E1
European Standard also used in South American nations, among others. Speed is 2.048 Mega bits per second (Mbps).
Uses the G.703 data interface.
Elevation
1. Height above sea level. 2. The vertical angle in degrees between the ground and the direction the antenna is pointed.
ESD
Electro-Static Discharge happens when there is a transfer between objects at diverse voltages.
Glossary-5
SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide
Ethernet
This is the most popular physical layer LAN technology in use today. Other LAN types include Token Ring, Fast Ethernet,
Fiber Distributed Data Interface (FDDI), Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) and Local Talk. Ethernet is popular because it
strikes a good balance between speed, cost and ease of installation. These benefits, combined with wide acceptance in
the computer marketplace, create the ability to support virtually all-popular networks and make Ethernet an ideal networking technology for most computer users today. The Institute for Electrical and Electronic Engineers (IEEE) defines the Ethernet as IEEE Standard 802.3. This standard defines rules for configuring an Ethernet, as well as specifying how elements in
an Ethernet network interact with one another. By adhering to the IEEE standard, network equipment and network protocols will communicate efficiently.
Ethernet Switch
This device helps expand the Ethernet network. LAN switches can link four, six, ten or more networks together, and have
two basic architectures. This switch “cuts through” and “stores and forwards” as well. This technique takes more time to
examine the entire packet, but it allows the switch to catch certain packet errors and keep them from propagating through
the network. A switch also operates between the DataLink and Network Layer of the OSI model. It reads the MAC address
and will either bridge it to the Physical Layer or route to the Network Layer.
Fade Margin
The difference between the receiver signal input level and the receiver sensitivity. Fade margin is usually considered the
safety factor allowing the system to remain operating under additional forms of attenuation.
Fading
The loss of signal strength due to changes in the atmosphere.
Fault
This section of the browser gives the user a detailed list of alarm activity. Along with the alarm activity, the Event Log also
time stamps an alarm, so the user is able to determine when an event occurred, and at what time the event cleared. The
date and time fields are derived from the time read by the radio on the network time server.
Federal Communications Commission (FCC)
Government organization appointed by the U.S. President that regulates interstate communications (by use of licenses,
standards, rates, etc.).
Firmware
Alterable programs in semitransparent storage (e.g., some type of read-only or flash reprogrammable memory).
Glossary-6
SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide
Forward Error Correction (FEC)
The ability of a receiving station to correct a transmission error. The transmitter sends redundant information along with
the original bits and the receiver uses this information to find and correct errors. This can increase the throughput of a
data link operation.
Framing
Dividing data for transmission into groups of bits, and adding a header and a check sequence to form a frame.
Frequency
The number of complete cycles per second existing in a waveform. Note that frequency is measured in Hertz (Hz).
Frequency Hopping (FH)
A type of spreading technique using a PN code to change the signal’s frequency between several pre-assigned values
(hopping). Although the signal itself looks like a narrow band signal at any given point in time, it acts like a spread signal
because of the frequency hopping.
Fresnel Zone
An imaginary ellipse surrounding the direct transmission path formed by all the points from which a reflected wave would
have an increased path length of multiple of the transmitted signal’s wavelength. At least 60% of the Fresnel zone must be
unobstructed.
Full Duplex
Independent, simultaneous two-way transmission going in both directions.
Gain
The increase in signal power caused by a device such as a transmitter or antenna.
GHz
GigaHertz. Billions of Hertz.
Ground elevation
This is the approximate mean sea level (AMSL) of the terminal.
Half Duplex
A one-way directional communication line going in both directions. Only one signal can be transmitted or received at a
time
Glossary-7
SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide
Hertz (Hz)
A unit of measurement equal to one cycle per second.
Hexadecimal (Hex, or H)
A Base-16 numbering system. This means 16 sequential numbers are used as a base unit (i.e., “0-9” and “A-F”).
Hop
A term used to describe a single radio path between two points.
Host
This term is interchangeable with the definition “node,” which means this is a point on the network. The host is also any
device on the network that has two-way communication to any point on the network, as well as the Internet.
Hot-standby
A condition whereby when the primary method of communication goes down, the secondary method instantly takes over.
Hub
This device on a network collects, receives, and repeats data to its forwarded destination on the network. A hub is also
known as a switch.
HyperTerminal
This provides you details of the internal configuration of the ODU. In the HyperTerminal, you can also change the port settings for the modem connection and adjust the settings to make a call.
IDU
Indoor Unit (i.e., Modem Unit).
IF Cable
In an SPEEDCOM system, this is the coaxial cables that connects the modem unit to the RF unit. These cables are terminated with male TNC-type connectors at both ends.
Interface
The standard signal for connecting a microwave system to the connecting equipment.
Interference
Unwanted signals that cause performance degradation or loss of information.
Glossary-8
SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide
Intermediate Frequency (IF)
The frequency to which a microwave signal is converted to permit signal processing. This range is typically around 70 to
200 MHz.
Internet
This is a system of linked networks that are worldwide in scope and facilitates data communicate service such as remote
login, file transfer, electronic mail, the World Wide Web and newsgroups. With the meteoric rise of demand for connectivity, the Internet has become the communications highway for millions of users. The Internet was initially restricted to military and academic institutions in its infancy, but now it is a full-fledged information channel for any and all forms of
information and commerce. Internet web sites now provide personal, educational, political and economic resources to
every cornet of the planet.
IP Address
This address tells the network how to locate the computers or network equipment connected to it. IP addresses are given
so each computer or equipment on the network contains a unique address.
ISM (Industrial, Scientific, and Medical Bands
Ranges are 900 to 928 MHz; 2.4 to 2.4835 GHz; and 5.725 to 5.85 GHz. The FCC for unlicensed use allocated these
bands with a restriction on the output power.
Isotropic
Uniform in all directions.
Kbps
Thousands of bits per second.
KHz (KiloHertz)
Thousands of Hertz. Each wireless phone call occupies only a few KiloHertz.
LAN
This is a local area network that enables computers, network equipment, or other peripherals to communicate on a small
network.
Last mile
Any type of telecommunications technology where data (voice, video, etc) is traveled within relatively short distances to
maintain to highest quality of bandwidth and throughput.
Glossary-9
SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide
Latitude
This is the geographic latitude of the location of the terminal.
LED
This is a light-emitting diode, which is a semiconductor, that sends out visible light when an electrical current moves
through it.
Left arrow
This is the left arrow key on your keyboard.
Light Emitting Diode (LED)
An electronic device that emits light with little generation of heat.
Line Interface Unit (LIU)
The first unit inside the modem units encountered by signals from the user.
Line of Sight (radio) (LOS)
A condition whereby the antennas of a given link have a sufficient path for communication. It requires that at least 60% of
the Fresnel zone between them be unobstructed. (Do not confuse with Loss of Signal.)
Liquid Crystal Display (LCD)
The display on the Modem Unit used to configure and monitor the system.
Local Area Network (LAN)
A short distance data communications network used to link together computers and peripheral devices (such as printers)
under some form of standard control.
Loopback
This is the process of sending out a test signal to the device on the network so that you know if your signal was successful
or unsuccessful.
Loss of Signal (LOS)
The signal from the user’s device does not appear in the DSX or E1 interface. (This is not to be confused with Line of
Sight.)
Glossary-10
SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide
MAC address
In a LAN environment each computer contains its own Medium Access Control (MAC) address which is the embedded and
unique hardware number. For computers on Ethernet LANs, this is the same number as its Ethernet address. This address is
controlled at the DataLink Layer of the OSI model, and is in a hexadecimal format separated by four octets (i.e.,
82.39.1E.38).
Major alarm
Indicates that the alarm may cause service interruption.
MAN
This is a metropolitan network that enables computers, network equipment, other peripherals, and more than one LAN to
communicate within the city or nearby limits.
Management Information Base (MIB)
A database of network parameters used by SNMP and CMIP to monitor and change network device settings. It provides a
logical naming of all information resources on the network pertinent to the network’s management.
Mean Time Between Failure (MTBF)
A measure of the theoretical times a component or device will operate without failing.
MHz (MegaHertz)
Millions of Hertz.
Minor alarm
Indicates that the radio is placed in a condition that may affect the 100 Mb throughput, but can be restored (i.e., turning
off loopback functions).
Modulation
The process of varying characteristics of a carrier signal to represent changes in the transmitted information.
MOdulator-DEModulator (MODEM)
A device that converts a digital signal to analog, or vice versa, and is used to transfer data between computers over communications lines.
Msps
Million of samples per second.
Glossary-11
SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide
Multi-path fading
The condition in which the “true” signal from an antenna reflects off an object (usually the ground) and, as a result, the
reflected signal causes destructive interference at the receiving antenna. Multi-path fading affects linearly polarized signals more than circularly polarized signals.
Network
A set of connections that allow them to exchange data with each other, which enables multiple users to share to communicate data through the accepted path(s).
Network
Two or more locations tied together with equipment and communications channels.
Node
This is a point on the network such as a computer, server, peripheral (printer, scanner, etc).
Noise
Any unwanted signal or disturbance that degrades the quality of a transmitted signal.
Obstruction
Any man-made or natural object that blocks, diffracts, or reflects a transmitted signal.
Octet
There are four octets in an IP address. Each octet contains 8 bits, which are equivalent to 1 byte. Each octet is separated
by a period (.).
OD
Outside diameter of pipe for mounting an antenna.
Outdoor Unit
The Outdoor Unit (ODU) provides the baseband and RF signal processing required to convert the 100Base-T signal from
the CPI to an RF frequency at 23, 26, 29, or 38 GHz. The ODU mounts to an antenna through an integral “Quick-Fit”
connection that does not require any external waveguide. The ODU housing is ruggedized to protect the RF and modem
electronics contained inside. It is capable of simultaneously transmitting and receiving 100 Mbps of data traffic over the
air.
Packet
A unit of data transmitted between a receiver and a sender. Each packet contains embedded information, as well as place
to go on the network (known from the IP address).
Glossary-12
SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide
Part 15 (of FCC rules)
The section of the FCC Code of Federal Regulations defines the restrictions regarding the use of Spread Spectrum systems.
Passive Repeater
A re-radiation device associated with a transmitting/receiving antenna system that re-directs intercepted radio frequency
energy without boosting or processing the signal.
Path Length
The distance between two ends of a wireless system.
Path Loss
The decrease in signal power experienced when a signal is transmitted between two points.
Path Profile
A drawing of the terrain (including buildings, trees, hills, lakes, etc.) along a transmission path to determine if a given path
is viable for the communication link. This is usually done with a computer.
Personal Communication Services (PCS)
A lower powered, higher frequency competitive technology to cellular.
Polarization
The direction of the amplitude of a radio wave. Polarization is usually horizontal or vertical.
Pole Height
This is the height of the antenna supporting structure.
Power Output
The power produced by a transmitter. This is measured in decibels per meter (dBm).
Processing Gain
The ability of the spread spectrum decoder to recover the received signal out of noise. It is essentially the increase in ability to recover the signal in the presence of an interfering carrier of the same or greater level.
Propagation
The transmission of a wave along a given path through a medium.
Glossary-13
SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide
Protocol
A network protocol is the standard that allows computers to communicate with each other. A protocol defines how computers identify one another on the network, the form that the data should take in transit, and how this information is processed once it reaches its final destination. Protocols also define procedures for handling lost or damaged transmissions or
“packets.” IPX (for Novell Netware), TCP/IP (for UNIX, Windows NT, Windows 95 and 98 and other platforms), DECnet
(for networking Digital Equipment Corp. computers), AppleTalk (for main Macintosh computers), and NetBIOS/NetBEUI
(for LAN and Windows NT networks) are some of today’s most popular networks. Although each network protocol is different, they all share the same physical cabling. This common method of accessing the physical network allows multiple protocols to peacefully coexist over the network media, and allows the builder of the network to use common hardware for a
variety of protocols. This concept is known as “protocol independence,” which means that devices that are compatible at
the physical and data link layers allowing the user to run many different protocols over the same medium.
Pseudo-random Noise code (PN code)
A high rate digital code that mimics random noise-like properties. It is multiplied with a lower rate data signal in order to
achieve spread spectrum transmission signals. The receiver then multiplies the same code back into the transmission to
recover the data signal.
Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN)
This refers to a worldwide voice telephone network accessible to all those with telephones and access privileges.
Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM)
A method for modulating a signal by which more than one bit can be sent simultaneously.
Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (QPSK)
Phase-shift keying in which there are four phase states or positions in the time or frequency domains within a single period.
Radiation
The flow of electromagnetic energy from a transmitter.
Radiation Pattern
An illustration of the energy level radiated by an antenna in every direction.
Radio address
This is the physical location (street name) of the terminal. This is also displayed at the bottom of the web page.
Radio Frequency (RF)
The frequency at which microwave systems transmit.
Glossary-14
SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide
Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI)
The RSSI Voltage provided at the output of the RF Unit that is used to indicate the RF Input Level.
Reflection
The sharp change in direction of a wave after hitting an obstruction in its path.
Refraction
The bending of a wave as it moves from one medium to another.
Reliability
A measure of the percentage of time the system is operating. Reliability is usually a measure of both the availability of the
signal and the MTBF of the equipment.
Responsible personnel
This is the person(s) responsible for maintaining the radio system.
RF Signal Level
The strength of the power received by the RF Unit from the antenna.
Right arrow
This is the right arrow key on your keyboard.
Router
This device filters out network traffic by specific protocol rather than by packet address. This device operates at the
Network layer of the OSI model. Routers also divide networks logically instead of physically. An IP router can divide a
network into various subnets so that only traffic designated for particular IP addresses can pass between segments.
Network speed often decreases due to this type of intelligent forwarding. Such filtering takes more time than exercised in a
switch or bridge, which only looks at the Ethernet address. In more complex networks, overall efficiency is improved by
using routers.
Rx (Receiver)
This is where the packet is going.
Server
A computer that is responsible for tracking, as well as receiving and sending requests from other computers connected to
it (on the same network).
Glossary-15
SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide
Sidelobe
These are 20 dB lower than the main lobe, and it is critical from a performance standpoint that antennas are aligned with
respect to the main lobe. Failure to do so may cause the radio to be interfered with or the radio may interfere with other
systems.
Signal level
This is the value of the signal level at the receiving end of the transmission path.
Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP)
The standard protocol for TCP/IP network management that has the most common worldwide use.
Site ID (Unique)
This is the alphanumeric site address given to the terminal by you (the user).
Spread Spectrum Technology (SST)
A method of encoding (with a PN code) a digital signal in a transmitter so as to spread it over a wide range of frequencies
so that the average signal power is close to the noise floor. The same code is known to the receiver and is used to decode
the signal. Keeping the code secret provides communications security.
Submask
This term allows you to mask section(s) (depending on the class specified) of the octets in the network address. Each octet
used in the subnet mask is assigned to a data link. The leftover octet(s) are assigned to the remaining nodes.
Subnet
This term allows you to create multiple networks within one Class A, B, or C network. Each data link (octet) contains its
own unique identifier also known as the subnet. Also, each node on the same data link must belong on the same subnet
as well.
Symbol Threshold
After a signal has been acquired, the acquisition algorithm in the spread-spectrum chip continues to run a cross-correlation between the expected PN sequence and the received signal, but now uses the Symbol Threshold for comparison. If
the result of the cross-correlation drops below the Symbol Threshold, the signal is considered to have been lost, and the
algorithm begins trying to acquire the signal again.
Glossary-16
SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide
System Gain
The sum of the transmitter power output and the receiver sensitivity. System gain is an important measure of a system’s
ability to overcome attenuation and perform to a satisfactory level. These are measured in decibels per meter (dBm).
Tx (Transceiver)
This is where the packet is coming from.
WAN
A wide-area metropolitan network is a connection between LANs, which may be privately owned or rented.
Glossary-17
SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide
Notes:___________________________________________________
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Glossary-18
Appendixes
SPEEDLAN 8100 & 8200 Installation and Operation User Guide
-2
Appendixes
Appendix A
Protocols & Ethernet
Addresses
SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide
Common Ethernet Protocols
This table contains the protocols that can be specified in
SPEEDLAN's "Ethernet Protocol Menu".
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*0600 Xerox NS IDP
0601 XNS Address Translation (3Mb only)
*0800 DOD Internet Protocol (IP)
0801 X.75 Internet
0802 NBS Internet
0803 ECMA Internet
*0804 CHAOSnet
0805 X.25 Level 3
*0806 Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) (for IP and for CHAOS)
0807 XNS Compatibility
081C Symbolics Private
0888-088A Xyplex
0900 Ungermann-Bass network debugger
0A00 Xerox IEEE802.3 PUP
0A01 Xerox IEEE802.3 PUP Address Translation
*0BAD Banyan Systems
0BAF Banyan VINES Echo
1000 Berkeley Trailer negotiation
1001-100F Berkeley Trailer encapsulation for IP
1234 DCA - Multicast
*1600 VALID system protocol
1989 Artificial Horizons Aviator dogfight simulator on Sun
3C00 3Com NBP virtual circuit datagram (like XNS SPP) not registered
3C01 3Com NBP System control datagram not registered
3C02 3Com NBP Connect request (virtual cct) not registered
3C03 3Com NBP Connect response not registered
3C04 3Com NBP Connect complete not registered
3C05 3Com NBP Close request (virtual circuit) not registered
3C06 3Com NBP Close response not registered
3C07 3Com NBP Datagram (like XNS IDP) not registered
3C08 3Com NBP Datagram broadcast not registered
3C09 3Com NBP Claim NetBIOS name not registered
3C0A 3Com NBP Delete NetBIOS name not registered
3C0B 3Com NBP Remote adapter status request not registered
Appendix A-2
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3C0C 3Com NBP Remote adapter response not registered
3C0D 3Com NBP Reset not registered
4242 PCS Basic Block Protocol
4321 THD - Diddle
6000 DEC unassigned, experimental
6001 DEC MOP Dump/Load Assistance
6002 DEC MOP Remote Console
6003 DECnet Phase IV, DNA Routing
6004 DEC Local Area Transport (LAT)
6005 DEC diagnostic protocol (at interface initialization?)
6006 DEC customer protocol
6007 DEC Local Area VAX Cluster (LAVC SCA)
6008 & 6009 DEC unassigned
6010-6014 3Com Corporation
7000 Ungermann-Bass download
7001 Ungermann-Bass NIUs
7002 Ungermann-Bass diagnostic/loopback
7003 Ungermann-Bass ??? (NMC to/from UB Bridge)
7005 Ungermann-Bass Bridge Spanning Tree
7007 OS/9 Microware
7009 OS/9 Net?
7020-7029 LRT (England) (now Sintrom)
7030 Racal-Interlan
7034 Cabletron
8003 Cronus VLN
8004 Cronus Direct
8005 HP Probe protocol
8006 Nestar
8008 AT&T/Stanford University local use
8010 Excelan
8013 Silicon Graphics diagnostic
8014 Silicon Graphics network games
8015 Silicon Graphics reserved
8016 Silicon Graphics XNS NameServer, bounce server
8019 Apollo DOMAIN
802E Tymshare
802F Tigan, Inc.
*8035 Reverse Address Resolution Protocol (RARP)
Appendix A Protocols & Ethernet Addresses
SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide
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8036 Aeonic Systems
8037 IPX - Novell Netware
8038 DEC LanBridge Management
8039 DEC unassigned (DSM/DTP?)
803A DEC unassigned (Argonaut Console?)
803B DEC unassigned (VAXELN?)
803C DEC unassigned (NMSV? DNA Naming Service?)
803D DEC Ethernet CSMA/CD Encryption Protocol
803E DEC unassigned (DNA Time Service?)
803F DEC LAN Traffic Monitor Protocol
8040 DEC unassigned (NetBIOS Emulator?)
8041 DEC unassigned (MS/DOS?, Local Area System Transport?)
8042 DEC unassigned
8044 Planning Research Corp.
8046 & 8047 AT&T
8049 ExperData
805B VMTP (Versatile Message Transaction Protocol, RFC-1045)
805C Stanford V Kernel, version 6.0
805D Evans & Sutherland
8060 Little Machines
8062 Counterpoint Computers
8065 & 8066 University of Mass. at Amherst
8067 Veeco Integrated Automation
8068 General Dynamics
8069 AT&T
806A Autophon
806C ComDesign
806D Compugraphic Corporation
806E-8077 Landmark Graphics Corporation
807A Matra
807B Dansk Data Elektronik
*807C Merit Internodal (or University of Michigan?)
807D-807F Vitalink Communications
8080 Vitalink TransLAN III Management
8081-8083 Counterpoint Computers
8088-808A Xyplex
* 809B EtherTalk (AppleTalk Phase I over Ethernet)
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809F Spider Systems Ltd.
80A3 Nixdorf Computers
80A4-80B3 Siemens Gammasonics Inc.
80C0-80C3 DCA (Digital Comm. Assoc.) Data Exchange Cluster
80C6 Pacer Software
80C7 Applitek Corporation
80C8-80CC Intergraph Corporation
80CD-80CE Harris Corporation
80CF-80D2 Taylor Instrument
80D3-80D4 Rosemount Corporation
80D5 IBM SNA Services over Ethernet
80DD Varian Associates
80DE-80DF TRFS (Integrated Solutions)
80E0-80E3 Allen-Bradley
80E4-80F0 Datability
80F2 Retix
80F3 AppleTalk Address Resolution Protocol (AARP)
80F4-80F5 Kinetics
80F7 Apollo Computer
80FF-8103 Wellfleet Communications(Bay Networks)
8107-8109 Symbolics Private
812B Talaris
8130 Waterloo Microsystems Inc.
8131 VG Laboratory Systems
8137 Novell (old) NetWare IPX (ECONFIG E option)
8138 Novell, Inc.
8139-813D KTI
814C SNMP over Ethernet (see RFC1089)
817D XTP
81D6 Lantastic
8888 HP LanProbe test?
9000 Loopback (Configuration Test Protocol)
*9001 3Com XNS Systems Management
*9002 3Com TCP/IP Systems Management
9003 3Com loopback detection
AAAA DECnet? (Used by VAX 6220 DEBNI)
FF00 BBN VITAL-LanBridge cache wakeups
809C-809E Datability
Appendix A Protocols & Ethernet Addresses
Appendix A-3
SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide
Common Ethernet Vendor
Addresses
This table contains the Vendor portion of the assigned
Ethernet Addresses. They may be specified in SPEEDLAN
"Ethernet Address Menu".
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000002 BBN (internal usage only)
00000C Cisco
00000E Fujitsu
00000F NeXT (Apple Computer)
000010 Hughes LAN Systems (formerly Sytek)
000011 Tektronix
000015 Datapoint Corporation
000018 Webster (?)
00001B Novell
00001D Cabletron
000020 DIAB (Data Intdustrier AB)
000021 SC&C
000022 Visual Technology
000029 IMC
00002A TRW
0000037 Oxford Metrics Limited
00003C Auspex
00003D AT&T
00003F Syntrex Inc.
000044 Castelle
000046 ISC-Bunker Ramo, An Olivetti Company
000049 Apricot Ltd.
00004B A.P.T. Appletalk WAN router
00004C NEC Corporation
00004F Logicraft 386-Ware P.C. Emulator
000050 Radisys Corporation
000051 HOB Electronic GMGH & Co.
000052 ODS
000055 AT&T
000058 Racore Computer Products Inc.
00005A (Schneider & Koch in Europe and Syskonnect)
00005A Xerox 806 (unregistered)
00005D RCE
Appendix A-4
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00005E U.S. Department of Defence (IANA)
000061 Gateway Communications
000062 Honeywell
000064 Yokogawa Digital Computer Corp.
000065 Network General
000068 Rosemount Controls
000069 Silicon Graphics(?)
00006B MIPS00006D Cray Communications, Ltd.
00006E Artisoft, Inc.
00006F Madge Networks Ltd.
000074 Ricoh Company Ltd.
000077 MIPS(?), Interphase(?)
000079 Networth Inc.
00007A Ardent
00007B Research Machines
00007D Cray Research Superservices Inc.
00007F Linotype)
000080 Imagen(?) Also shows as "Harris (3M) (new)"
000081 Synoptics
000084 Aquila (?), ADI Systems Inc.(?)
000086 Gateway (?), Megahertz Corporation(?)
000089 Cayman Systems Gatorbox
00008A Datahouse Information Systems
00008E Jupiter(?), Solbourne(?)
000093 Proteon
000094 Asante
000095 Sony/Tektronix
000097 Epoch
000098 Crossomm Corporation
000099 Memorex Telex Corporation
00009F Ameristar Technology
0000A0 Sanyo Electronics
0000A2 Wellfleet (Bay Networks)
0000A3 Network Application Technology (NAT)
0000A4 Acorn Computers Ltd.
0000A5 Compatible Systems Corporation
0000A6 Network General (internal assign- ment)
0000A7 Network Computing Devices (NCD) X-terminals
Appendix A Protocols & Ethernet Addresses
SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide
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0000A8 Stratus Computer, Inc.
0000A9 Network Systems
0000AA Xerox machines
0000AC Apollo
0000AE Dassault Automatismes
0000AF Nuclear Data Acquisition Interface Modules (AIM)
0000B0 RND (RAD Network Devices)
0000B1 Alpha Microsystems Inc.
0000B3 CIMLinc
0000B5 Datability Terminal Servers
0000B6 Micro-Matic Research
0000B7 Dove Computer Corporation
0000BC Allen-Bradley Co. Inc.
0000C0 Western Digital (now SMC)
0000C1 Olicom A/S
0000C6 HP Intelligent Networks Operation
0000C8 Altos
0000C9 Emulex Terminal Servers
0000CC Densan Co. Ltd.
0000CD Industrial Research Ltd.
0000D0 Develcon Electronics, Ltd.
0000D1 Adaptec, Inc. "Nodem" product
0000D2 SBE Inc.
0000D7 Dartmouth College (NED Router)
0000D8 3Com? Novell? PS/2
0000DD Gould
0000DE Unigraph
0000E2 Acer Counterpoint
0000E3 Integrated Micro Products Ltd.
0000E6 Aptor Produits de Comm. Indust.
002015 Actis Computer SA.
002016 Showa Electric Wire and Cable Co.
002017 Orbotech
00201C Excel Inc.
00201E Netquest Corporation
00201F Best Power Technology Inc.
002021 Algorithms Software Pvt. Ltd.
002022 Teknique, Inc.
Appendix A Protocols & Ethernet Addresses
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002024 Pacific Communications Sciences
002025 Control Technology Inc.
002027 Ming Fortune Industry Co. Ltd.
002028 West Egg Systems Inc.
002029 Teleprocessing Products Inc.
00202C Welltronix Co. Ltd.
00202E Daystar Digital
002030 Analog & Digital Systems
002032 Alcatel Taisel
002033 Synapse Technologies Inc.
002036 BMC Software
00203A Digital Biometrics Inc.
00203B Wisdm Ltd.
00203C Eurotime AB
00203F Juki Corporation
002042 Datametrics Corp
0000E7 Star Gate Technologies
0000E8 Accton Technology Corporation
0000E9 Isicad Inc.
0000ED April
0000EE Network Designers Limited(?)
0000EF Alantec
0000F0 Samsung
0000F2 Spider Communications
0000F3 Gandalf
0000F4 Allied Telesis, Inc.
0000F6 A.M.C. (Applied Microsystems Corp.)
0000F8 Digital Equipment Corp. (Compaq Computer Corp.)
0000FB Rechner Zur Kommunikation
0000FD High Level Hardware (Orion, UK)
000102 BBN internal usage (not registered)
000143 IEEE 802
000163 NDC (National Datacomm Corporation)
000168 W&G (Wandel & Goltermann)
0001C8 Thomas Conrad Corp.
000267 Node Runner Inc.
000701 Racal-Datacom
001700 Kabel
Appendix A-5
SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide
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002002 Seritech Enterprise Co. Ltd.
002006 Garrett Communications Inc.
002008 Cable & Computer Technology
002009 Packard Bell Elec. Inc.
00200C Adastra Systems Corp.
00200E Satellite Technology Mgmt, Inc.
002011 Canopus Co. Ltd.
002014 Global View Co. Ltd.
002044 Genitech Pty. Ltd.
002045 Solcom Systems Ltd.
002048 Fore Systems Inc.
002049 Comtron Inc.
00204A Pronet GMBH
00204B Autocomputer Co. Ltd.
00204C Mitron Computer Pte. Ltd.
00204D Inovis GMBH
00204E Network Security Systems Inc.
00204F Deutsche Aerospace AG.
002050 Korea Computer Inc.
002051 Phoenix Data Communications Corp.
002053 Huntsville Microsystems Inc.
002056 Neoproducts
00205B Skyline Technology
00205D Nanomatic OY.
00205F Gammadata Computer GMBH
002061 Dynatech Communications Inc.
002063 Wipro Infotech Ltd.
002064 Protec Microsystems Inc.
002066 General Magic Inc.
002068 Isdyne
002069 ISDN Systems Corporation
00206A Osaka Computer Corporation
00206D Data Race Inc.
00206E Xact Inc.
002074 Sungwoon Systems
002076 Reudo Corporation
002077 Kardios Systems Corporation
002078 Runtop Inc.
Appendix A-6
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00207F Kyoelsangyo Co. Ltd.
002082 Oneac Corporation
002083 Presticom Inc.
002084 OCE Graphics USA Inc.
002088 Global Village Communication
002089 T3Plus Networking Inc.
00208A Sonix Communications Ltd.
00208B Lapis Technologies Inc.
00208C Galaxy Networks Inc.
00208E Chevin Software Eng Ltd.
002095 Riva Electronics
002096 Siebe Environmental Controls
002099 Bon Electric Co. Ltd.
00209B Ersat Electronic GMBH
00209C Primary Access Corp.
00209D Lippert Automationstechnik
0020A1 Dovatron
0020A4 Multipoint Networks
0020A6 Proxim Inc.
0020A9 White Horse Industrial
0020AA NTL Advanced Products
0020AC Interflex Datensysteme GMBH
0020AE Ornet Data Communication Tech.
0020AF 3Com Corporation
0020EC Techware Systems Corp.
0020ED Giga-Byte Technology Co. Ltd.
0020EE Gtech Corporation
0020EF U S C Corporation
0020F1 Altos India Ltd.
0020F2 Spectrix Corp
0020F5 Pan Dacom TelecommunicationsGMBH
0020F6 NetTek & WaveBrouter Inc.
0020F8 Carrera Computers Inc.
0020FF Symmetrical Technologies
004001 Zero One Technology Co. Ltd.
004005 Linksys
004009 Tachibana Tectron Co Ltd.
00400C General Micor Systems Inc.
Appendix A Protocols & Ethernet Addresses
SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide
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00400D Lannet Data Communications Ltd.
004010 Sonic Systems
004013 NTT Data Comm. Systems Corp.
004014 Comsoft GMBH
004015 Ascom Infrasys AG
00401F Colorgraph Ltd.
004020 Pinacl Communications
004023 Logic Corporation
004025 Molecular Dynamics
004026 Melco Inc.
004027 SMC Massachusetts Inc.
0020B0 Gateway Devices Inc.
0020B1 Comtech Research Inc.
0020B3 Scltec Communications Systems
0020B6 Agile Networks Inc.
0020BA Center for High Performance
0020BB Zax Corporation
0020BE LAN Access Corporation
0020BF Aehr Test Systems
0020C2 Texas Memory Systems Inc.
0020C5 Eagle Technology
0020C6 Nectec
0020C8 Larscom Inc.
0020C9 Victron BV
0020CA Digital Ocean
0020CC Digital Services Ltd.
0020CD Hybrid Networks Inc.
0020CE Logical Design Group Inc.
0020D1 Microcomputer Systems (M) SDN
0020D2 Rad Data Communications Ltd.
0020D3 QST (Quest Standard Telematique)
0020D6 Lannair Ltd.
0020DB XNET Technology Inc.
0020DC Densitron Taiwan Ltd.
0020E1 Alamar Electronics
0020E7 B & W Nuclear Service Company
0020E8 Datatrek Corporation
0020E9 Dantel
Appendix A Protocols & Ethernet Addresses
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0020EA Efficient Networks Inc.
004074 Cable and Wireless Communications Inc.
004076 AMP Incorporated
004078 Wearnes Automation Pte Ltd.
00407F Agema Infrared Systems AB
004082 Laboratory Equipment Corp.
004085 SAAB Instruments AB
004086 Michels & Kleberhoff Computer
004087 Ubitrex Corporation
00408A TPS Teleprocessing Sys GMBH
00408C Axis Communications AB
00408E CXR/Digilog
00408F WM-Data Minfo AB
004091 Procomp Industria Electronica
004092 ASP Computer Products Inc.
004094 Shographics Inc.
004095 R.P.T. Intergroups Intl. Ltd.
004096 Telesystems SLW Inc.
00409A Network Express Inc.
00409C Transware
00409D Digiboard Inc.
00409E Concurrent Technologies Ltd.
00409F Lancast/Casat Technology Inc.
0040A4 Rose Electronics
0040A6 Cray Research Inc.
0040AA Valmet Automation Inc.
0040AD SMA Regelsysteme GMBH
0040E5 Sysbus Corporation
0040E7 Arnos Instruments & Computer Systems
0040E9 Accord Systems Inc.
0040EA Plain Tree Systems Inc.
0040ED Network Controls Int'natl Inc.
0040F0 Micro Systems Inc.
0040F1 Chuo Electronics Co. Ltd.
0040F4 Cameo Communications Inc.
0040F5 OEM Engines
0040F6 Katron Computers Inc.
0040F9 Combinet
Appendix A-7
SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide
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0040FA Microboards Inc.
0040FD LXE
0040FF Telebit Corporation
00608C 3Com Corporation
008000 Multitech Systems Inc.
008004 Antlow Computers Ltd.
008005 Cactus Computers Inc.
008006 Compuadd Corporation
008007 DLOG NC Systeme
00800D Vosswinkel F.U.
00800F SMC (Standard Microsystem Corp.)
008010 Commodore
008015 Seiko Systems Inc.
008017 PFU
008016 Wandel and Goltermann
008018 Kobe Steel Ltd.
008019 Dayna Communications Inc.
00801A Bell Atlantic
0040AE Delta Controls Inc.
0040B4 3Com K.K.
0040B5 Video Technology Computers Ltd.
0040B6 Computerm Corporation
0040B9 MACQ Electronique SA.
0040BD Starlight Networks Inc.
0040C0 Vista Controls Corporation
0040C1 Bizerba-Werke Wilheim Kraut
0040C2 Applied Computing Devices
0040C3 Fischer and Proter Co.
0040C5 Micom Communications Corp.
0040C6 Fibernet Research Inc.
0040C8 Milan Technology Corp.
0040CC Silcom Manuf'g Technology Inc.
0040CF Strawberry Tree Inc.
0040D2 Pagine Corporation
0040D4 Gage Talker Corp.
0040D7 Studio Gen Inc.
0040D8 Ocean Office Automation Ltd.
0040DC Tritec Electronic GMBH
Appendix A-8
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0040DF Digalog Systems Inc.
0040E1 Marner International Inc.
0040E2 Mesa Ridge Technologies Inc.
0040E3 Quin Systems Ltd.
0040E4 E-M Technology Inc.
00801B Kodiak Technology
008021 Newbridge Research Corp.
008023 Integrated Business Networks
008024 Kalpana Inc.
008026 Network Products Corporation
008029 Microdyne Corporation
00802A Test Systems & Simulations Inc.
00802C The Sage Group PLC
00802D XYLogics Inc.
00802E Plexcom, Inc.
008034 SMT-Goupil
008035 Technology Works
008037 Telefon AB LM Ericsson Crop.
008038 Data Research & Applications
00803B APT Communications Inc.
00803D Surigiken Co. Ltd.
00803E Synernetics
008042 Force Computers
008043 Networld Inc.
008044 Systech Computer Corp.
008045 Matsushita Electric Ind. Co.
008046 University of Toronto
008049 Nissin Electric Co. Ltd.
00804C Contec Co. Ltd.
00804D Cyclone Microsystems Inc.
008051 Fibermux
008052 Network Professor
008057 Adsoft Ltd.
00805A Tulip Computers Internat'l B.V.
00805B Condor Systems Inc.
008062 Interface Co.
008063 Richard Hirschmann GBMH & Co.
008067 Square D Company
Appendix A Protocols & Ethernet Addresses
SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide
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•
008069 Computone Systems
00806A ERI (Empac Research Inc.)
00806B Schmid Telecommunication
00806C Cegelec Projects Ltd.
00806D Centrury Systems Corp.
00806E Nippon Steel Corporation
00806F Onelan Ltd.
008071 SAI Technology
008072 Microplex Systems Ltd.
008074 Fisher Controls
008079 Microbus Designs Ltd.
00807B Artel Communications Corp.
00807C FiberCom
00807E Southern Pacific Ltd.
008082 PEP Modular Computers GMBH
008086 Computer Generations Inc.
008087 Okidata
008088 Victor Company of Japan Ltd.
008089 Tecnetics (Pty) Ltd.
00808A Summit Microsystems Corp.
0080AF Allumer Co. Ltd.
0080B1 Softcom A/S
0080B2 NET (Network Equipment Technologies)
0080BA Specialix (Asia) Pte. Ltd.
0080C2 IEE 802 Committe, Fermi Nat'l Lab
0080C7 Xircom, Inc.
0080C8 D-Link (also Solectek Pocket Adapters)
0080C9 Alberta Microelectronic Centre
0080CE Broadcast Television Systems
0080D0 Computer Products International
0080D3 Shiva - AppleTalk-Ethernet interface
0080D4 Chase Limited
0080D7 Fantum Engineering Inc.
0080D8 Network Peripherals
0080DA Bruel & Kjaer
0080DD GMX Inc. / GIMIX
0080E0 XTP Systems Inc.
0080E7 Lynwood Scientific Dev Ltd.
Appendix A Protocols & Ethernet Addresses
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0080EA The Fiber Company
0080F0 Kyushu Matsushita Electric Co.
0080F1 Opus
0080F3 Sun Electronics Corp.
0080F4 Telemecanique Electrique
0080F5 Quantel Ltd.
0080FB BVM Limited
0080FE Azure Technologies Inc.
00AA00 Intel
00B0D0 Computer Products International
00C000 Lanoptics Ltd.
00C001 Diatek Patient Managment
00C002 Sercomm Corporation
00C003 Globalnet Communications
00C004 Japan Business Computer Co. Ltd.
00808B Dacoll Limited
00808C Frontier Software Development
00808D Westcoast Technology B.V.
00808E Radstone Technology
008090 Microtek International Inc.
008092 Japan Computer Industry Inc.
008093 Xyron Corporation
008094 Sattcontrol AB
008096 HDS (Human Designed Systems) X-terminals
008098 TDK Corporation
00809A Novus Networks Ltd.
00809B Justsystem Corporation
00809D Datacraft Manufactur'g Pty. Ltd.
00809F Alcatel Business Systems
0080A1 Microtest
0080A3 Lantronix
0080A6 Republic Technology Inc.
0080A7 Measurex Corp.
0080AC Imlogix, Division of Genesys
0080AD Cnet Technology Inc.
0080AE Hughes Network Systems
00C005 Livingston Enterprise Inc.
00C006 Nippon Avionics Co. Ltd.
Appendix A-9
SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide
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00C007 Pinnacle Data Systems Inc.
00C008 Seco SRL
00C009 KT Technology (S) Pte Ltd.
00C00A Micro Craft
00C00B Norcontrol A.S.
00C00D Advanced Logic Research Inc.
00C00E Psitech Inc.
00C00F Quantum Software Systems Ltd.
00C011 Interactive Computing Devices
00C012 Netspan Corporation
00C013 Netrix
00C014 Telematics Calabasas Int'l Inc.
00C015 New Media Corporation
00C016 Electronic Theatre Controls
00C018 Lanart Corporation
00C019 Leap Technology Inc.
00C01A Corometrics Medical Systems
00C01B Socket Communications Inc.
00C01C Systems Information
00C01D Grand Junction Networks Inc.
00C01F S.E.R.C.E.L.
00C020 Arco Electronic Control Ltd.
00C021 Netexpress
00C023 Tutankhamon Electronics
00C024 Eden Sistemas de Computacao SA
00C025 Dataproducts Corporation
00C027 Cipher Systems Inc.
00C028 Jasco Corporation
00C029 Kabel Rheydt AG
00C02A Ohkura Electric Co. Ltd.
00C02B Gerloff Gesellschaft
00C02C Centrum Communications Inc.
00C02D Fuji Photo Film Co. Ltd.
00C02E Netwiz
00C02F Okuma Corporation
00C030 Integrated Engineering B.V.
00C031 Design Research Systems Inc.
00C032 I-Cubed Limited
Appendix A-10
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00C033 Telebit Communications APS
00C034 Dale Computer Corporation
00C035 Quintar Company
00C036 Raytech Electronic Corp.
00C039 Silicon Systems
00C03B Multiaccess Computing Corp.
00C03C Tower Tech S.R.L
00C03D Wiesemann & Theis GMBH
00C03E FA. Gebr. Heller GMBH
00C03F Stores Automated Systems Inc.
00C040 ECCI
00C041 Digital Transmission Systems
00C042 Datalux Crop.
00C057 Myco Electronics
00C058 Data Expert Corp.
00C03E FA. Gebr. Heller GMBH
00C03F Stores Automated Systems Inc.
00C059 Nippondenso Co. Ltd.
00C05B Networks Northwest Inc.
00C05C Elonex PLC
00C05D L&N Technologies
00C05E Vari-Lite Inc.
00C060 ID Scandinavia AS
00C061 Solectek Corporation
00C063 Morning Star Technologies Inc.
00C064 General Datacomm Ind Inc.
00C065 Scope Communications Inc.
00C066 Docupoint Inc.
00C067 United Barcode Industries
00C068 Philip Drake Electronics Ltd.
00C069 California Microwave Inc.
00C06A Zahner-Elektrik GMBH & Co. KG
00C06B OSI Plus Corporation
00C06C Svec Computer Corp.
00C06D Boca Research Inc.
00C06F Komatsu Ltd.
00C070 Sectra Secure Transmission AB
00C071 Areanex Communications Inc.
Appendix A Protocols & Ethernet Addresses
SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide
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00C072 KNX Ltd.
00C073 Xedia Corporation
00C074 Toyoda Automatic Loom
00C075 Xante Corporation
00C076 I-Data International A S
00C077 Daewoo Telecom Ltd
00C078 Computer Systems Engineering
00C079 Fonsys Co. Ltd.
00C07A Priva B.V.
00C07D Risc Developments Ltd.
00C07F Nupon Computing Corp.
00C080 Netstar Inc.
00C081 Metrodata Ltd.
00C082 Moore Products Co.
00C084 Datalink Corp. Ltd.
00C043 Stratacom
00C044 Emcom Corporation
00C045 Isolation Systems Ltd.
00C046 Kemitron Ltd
00C047 Unimicro Systems Inc.
00C048 Bay Technical Associates
00C04B Creative Microsystems
00C04D Mitec Inc.
00C04E Comtrol Corporation
00C050 Toyo Denki Seizo K.K.
00C051 Advanced Integration Research
00C055 Modular Computing Technologies
00C056 Somelec
00C086 The Lynk Corporation
00C087 UUNET Technologies Inc.
00C089 Telindus Distribution
00C08A Lauterbach Datentechnik GMBH
00C08B Risq Modular Systems Inc.
00C08C Performance Technologies Inc.
00C08D Tronix Product Development
00C08E Network Information Technology
00C08F Matsushita Electric Works Ltd
00C090 Praim S.R.L.
Appendix A Protocols & Ethernet Addresses
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00C091 Jabil Circuit Inc.
00C092 Mennen Medical Inc.
00C093 Alta Research Corp.
00C096 Tamura Corporation
00C097 Archipsel SA
00C098 Chuntex Electronic Co. Ltd.
00C099 Yoshiki Industrial Co. Ltd.
00C09B Reliance Comm/Tec R-Tec
00C09C TOA Electronic Ltd.
00C09D Distributed Systems Int'l Inc.
00C09F Quanta Computer Inc.
00C0A0 Advanced Micro Research Inc.
00C0A1 Tokyo Denshi Sekei Co.
00C0A2 Intermedium A/S
00C0A3 Dual Enterprises Corporation
00C0A4 Unigraf OY
00C0A7 Seel Ltd.
00C0A8 GVC Corporation
00C0A9 Barron McCann Ltd.
00C0AA Silicon Valley Computer
00C0AB Jupiter Technology Inc.
00C0AC Gambit Computer Communica tions
00C0AD Marben Communication Systems
00C0AE Towercom Co. Inc. (PC House)
00C0AF Teklogix Inc.
00C0B0 GCC Technologies Inc.
00C0B2 Norand Corporation
00C0B3 Comstat Datacomm Corpora tion
00C0B4 Myson Technology Inc.
00C0B5 Corporate Network Systems Inc.
00C0B6 Meridian Data Inc.
00C0B7 American Power Conversion Corp.
00C0B8 Fraser's Hill Ltd.
00C0B9 Funk Software Inc.
00C0BA Netvantage
00C0BB Forval Creative Inc.
00C0BD Inex Technologies Inc.
00C0BE Alcatel - Sel
Appendix A-11
SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide
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00C0BF Technology Concepts Ltd.
00C0C0 Shore Microsystems Inc.
00C0C1 Quad/Graphics Inc.
00C0C2 Infinite Networks Ltd.
00C0C3 Acuson Computed Sonography
00C0CD Comelta S.A.
00C0D0 Ratoc System Inc.
00C0D1 Comtree Technology Corporation
00C0D2 Syntellect Inc.
00C0D4 Axon Networks Inc.
00C0D5 Quancom Electronic GMBH
00C0D6 J1 Systems Inc.
00C0D9 Quinte Network Confidentiality
00C0DB IPC Corporation (PTE) Ltd.
00C0DC EOS Technologies Inc.
00C0DE Zcomm Inc.
00C0DF KYE Systems Corp.
00C0E1 Sonic Solutions
00C0E2 Calcomp Inc.
00C0E3 Ositech Communications Inc.
00C0E4 Landis & GYR Powers Inc.
00C0E5 Gespac S.A.
00C0E6 Txport
00C0E7 Fiberdata
00C0E8 Plexcom Inc.
00C0E9 Oak Solutions Ltd
00C0EA Array Technology Ltd.
00C0EB SEH Comutertechnik GMBH
00C0EC Dauphin Technology
00C0ED US Army Electronic
00C0EE Kyocera Corporation
00C0EF Abit Corporation
00C0F0 Kingston Technology Corp.
00C0F1 Shinko Electric Co. Ltd.
00C0F2 Transition Engineering Inc.
00C0F3 Network Communications Corp.
00C0F4 Interlink System Co. Ltd.
00C0F5 Metacomp Inc.
Appendix A-12
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00C0F6 Celan Technology Inc.
00C0F7 Engage Communication Inc.
00C0F8 About Computing Inc.
00C0F9 Harris and Jeffries Inc.
00C0FA Canary Communications Inc.
00C0FB Advanced Technology Labs.
00C0FC ASDG Inc.
00C0FD Prosum
00C0FF Box Hill Systems Corporation
00DD00 Ungermann-Bass - IBM RT
00DD01 Ungermann-Bass
00EFE5 IBM (3Com card) Micro Channel interface
020406 BBN internal usage (not registered)
00C0C4 Computer Operational
00C0C5 SID Informatica
00C0C6 Personal Media Corp.
00C0C8 Micro Byte Pty Ltd.
00C0C9 Bailey Controls Co.
00C0CA Alfa Inc.
00C0CB Control Technology Corporation
020701 Racal Datacom (Micom/Interlan)
026060 3Com
026086 Satelcom MegaPac (UK)
02608C 3Com IBM PC; Imagen; Valid; Cisco; Macintosh
02CF1F CMC Masscomp; Silicon Graphics; Prime EXL
02E6D3 BTI (Bus-Tech, Inc.) IBM Main frames
080001 Computer Vision
080002 3Com (formerly Bridge)
080003 ACC (Advanced Computer Communications)
080005 Symbolics LISP machines
080007 Apple Computer Inc.
080008 BBN
080009 Hewlett-Packard
08000A Nestar Systems
08000B Uniisys Corporation
08000D IInternational Computers Ltd.
08000E NCR/AT&T
08000F SMC (Standard Microsystems Corp.)
Appendix A Protocols & Ethernet Addresses
SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide
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080010 AT&T [misrepresentation of]
080011 Tektronix, Inc.
080014 Excelan BBN Butterfly, Masscomp, Silicon Graphics
080017 NSC (National Semiconductor Corp.)
08001A Data General
08001B Data General
08001E Apollo
08001F Sharp Corporation
080020 Sun
080022 NBI (Nothing But Initials)
080023 Matsushita Denso
080025 CDC
080026 Norsk Data (Nord)
080027 PCS Computer Systems GmbH
080028 Texas Instruments
08002B DEC
08002E Metaphor
08002F Prime 50-Series LHC300
080030 CERN
080036 Intergraph CAE stations
080037 Fujitsu-Xerox
080038 Bull
080039 Spider Systems Ltd.
08003B Torus Systems
08003E Motorola VME bus processor modules
080041 DCA (Digital Comm. Assoc.)
080044 DSI (DAVID Systems, Inc.)
080046 Sony
080047 Sequent
080048 Eurotherm Gauging Systems
080049 Univation
08004C Encore
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080067 Comdesign
080068 Ridge
080069 Silicon Graphics
08006A ATTst (?)
08006E Excelan
080070 Mitsubishi
080074 Casio Computer Co. Ltd.
080075 DDE (Danish Data Elektronik A/S)
080077 TSL (now Retix)
080079 Silicon Graphics
08007C Vitalink TransLAN III
080080 XIOS
080081 Crossfield Electronics
080083 Seiko Denshi
080086 Imagen/QMS
080087 Xyplex terminal servers
080089 Kinetics AppleTalk-Ethernet interface
08008B Pyramid
08008D XyVision machines
08008E Tandem
08008F Chipcom Corporation
080090 Retix Inc. Bridges
10005A IBM
1000D4 DEC
1000E0 Apple A/UX (modified addresses for licensing)
400003 NetWare (?)
475443 GTC (Not registered!) (This number is a multicast!)
484453 HDS ???
800010 AT&T (misrepresented as 080010?)
AA0000 DEC obsolete
AA0001 DEC obsolete
AA0002 DEC obsolete
08004E BICC
080051 Experdata
080056 Stanford University
080057 Evans & Sutherland (?)
080058 DECsystem-20
08005A IBM
Appendix A Protocols & Ethernet Addresses
Appendix A-13
SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide
Common Ethernet Multicast
Addresses
This table contains commonly used Ethernet Multicast
Addresses and the Ethernet Protocols they use. They may
be specified in the SPEEDLAN "Ethernet Address Menu".
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01-00-1D-00-00-00 -802- Cabletron PC-OV PC discover
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1-00-5E-80-00-00 DoD Internet reserved by IANA through 01-00-5E-FF-FF-FF
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01-80-C2-00-00-14 -802- OSI Route level 1 (within area) IS hello?
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09-00-07-FF-FF-FF -802- AppleTalk broadcast address
01-00-1D-42-00-00 -802- Cabletron PC-OV Bridge discover
01-00-1D-52-00-00 -802- Cabletron PC-OV MMAC discover
01-00-5E-00-00-00 0800 DoD Internet Multicast (RFC-1112) through 01-005E-7F-FF-FF
01-00-81-00-00-02 Synoptics Network Management
01-80-C2-00-00-00 -802- Spanning tree (for bridges)
01-80-C2-00-00-01 -802- 802.1 alternate Spanning multicast through 0180-C2-00-00-0F
01-80-C2-00-00-15 -802- OSI Route level 2 (between area) IS hello?
01-DD-00-FF-FF-FF 7002 Ungermann-Bass boot-me requests
01-DD-01-00-00-00 7005 Ungermann-Bass Spanning Tree
03-00-00-00-00-10 80D5 (OS/2 1.3 EE + Communications Manager)
03-00-00-00-00-40 80D5 (OS/2 1.3 EE + Communications Manager)
09-00-02-04-00-01? 8080? Vitalink printer messages
09-00-02-04-00-02? 8080? Vitalink bridge management
09-00-07-00-00-00 -802- AppleTalk Zone multicast addresses through 0900-07-00-00-FC
09-00-09-00-00-01 8005 HP Probe
09-00-09-00-00-01 -802- HP Probe
09-00-09-00-00-04 8005? HP DTC
09-00-0D-xx-xx-xx -802- ICL Oslan Multicast
09-00-0D-02-00-00 ICL Oslan Service discover on boot
09-00-0D-02-0A-38 ICL Oslan Service discover on boot
09-00-0D-02-0A-39 ICL Oslan Service discover on boot
09-00-0D-02-0A-3C ICL Oslan Service discover on boot
09-00-0D-02-FF-FF ICL Oslan Service discover on boot
09-00-0D-09-00-00 ICL Oslan Service discover as required
09-00-1E-00-00-00 8019? Apollo DOMAIN
09-00-26-01-00-01? 8038 Vitalink TransLAN bridge management
09-00-2B-00-00-00 6009? DEC MUMPS?
Appendix A-14
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09-00-2B-00-00-01 8039 DEC DSM/DTP?
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09-00-4E-00-00-02? 8137? Novell IPX (BICC?)
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09-00-77-00-00-00 -802- Retix Bridge Local Management System
09-00-2B-00-00-02 803B? DEC VAXELN?
09-00-2B-00-00-03 8038 DEC Lanbridge Traffic Monitor (LTM)
09-00-2B-00-00-04 DEC MAP End System Hello?
09-00-2B-00-00-05 DEC MAP Intermediate System Hello?
09-00-2B-00-00-06 803D? DEC CSMA/CD Encryption?
09-00-2B-00-00-07 8040? DEC NetBios Emulator?
09-00-2B-00-00-0F 6004 DEC Local Area Transport (LAT)
9-00-2B-00-00-1x DEC Experimental
09-00-2B-01-00-00 8038 DEC LanBridge Copy packets
09-00-2B-01-00-01 8038 DEC LanBridge Hello packets
(All local bridges) 1 packet per second, sent by the designated LanBridge
09-00-2B-02-00-00 DEC DNA Level 2 Routing Layer ?
09-00-2B-02-01-00 803C? DEC DNA Naming Service Advertise?
09-00-2B-02-01-01 803C? DEC DNA Naming Service Solicitation?
09-00-2B-02-01-02 803E? DEC DNA Time Service
09-00-2B-03-xx-xx DEC default filtering by bridges?
09-00-2B-04-00-00 8041? DEC Local Area SysTransport LAST?
09-00-2B-23-00-00 803A? DEC Argonaut Console?
09-00-39-00-70-00? Spider Systems Bridge Hello packet?
09-00-4C-00-00-00 -802- BICC 802.1 management
09-00-4C-00-00-02 -802- BICC 802.1 management
09-00-4C-00-00-06 -802- BICC Local bridge STA 802.1(D) Rev6
09-00-4C-00-00-0C -802- BICC Rem bridge STA 802.1(D) Rev8
09-00-4C-00-00-0F -802- BICC Remote bridge Adaptive Routing (e.g. to
Retix)
09-00-56-00-00-00 Stanford reserved through 09-00-56-FE-FF-FF
09-00-56-FF-00-00 805C Stanford V Kernel, version 6.0 through 9-00-56-FFFF-FF
09-00-77-00-00-01 -802- Retix spanning tree bridges
09-00-77-00-00-02 -802- Retix Bridge Adaptive routing
09-00-7C-01-00-01 Vitalink DLS Multicast 09-00-7C-01-00-03 Vitalink DLS
09-00-7C-01-00-04 Vitalink DLS and non DLS Multicast
09-00-7C-02-00-05 8080? Vitalink diagnostics
09-00-7C-05-00-01 8080? Vitalink gateway?
09-00-7C-05-00-02 Vitalink Network Validation Message
09-00-87-80-FF-FF 0889 Xyplex Terminal Servers
Appendix A Protocols & Ethernet Addresses
SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide
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09-00-87-90-FF-FF 0889 Xyplex Terminal Servers
0D-1E-15-BA-DD-06 HP
80-01-43-00-00-00 -802- Bridge
80-01-43-00-00-08 -802- Bridge Management
80-01-43-00-00-28 -802- ISO 10589 level-1 Intermediate Stations
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C0-00-00-00-80-00 -802- user-defined through C0-00-40-00-00-00 -802
CF-00-00-00-00-00 9000 Ethernet Configuration Test protocol (Loopback)
FF-FF-00-60-00-04 81D6 Lantastic
FF-FF-00-40-00-01 81D6 Lantastic
FF-FF-01-E0-00-04 81D6 Lantastic
80-01-43-00-00-48 -802- Loadable Device
80-01-43-00-00-88 -802- Load Server
80-01-43-00-00-A8 -802- ISO 10589 level-2 Intermediate Stations
80-01-43-00-80-00 -802- FDDI RMT Directed Beacon
80-01-43-00-80-08 -802- FDDI status report frame
90-00-D4-00-00-20 -802- OSI Network Layer Intermediate Stations
90-00-D4-00-00-A0 -802- OSI Network Layer End Stations
AB-00-00-01-00-00 6001 DEC Maintenance Operation Protocol (MOP)
Dump/Load Assistance
•
AB-00-00-02-00-00 6002 DEC Maintenance Operation Protocol (MOP)
Remote Console 1 System ID packet every 8-10 minutes, by every: DEC DEUNA
interface, DEC DELUA interface, and DEC DEQNA interface
•
AB-00-00-03-00-00 6003 DECnet Phase IV end node Hello packets 1 packet
every 15 seconds, sent by each DECnet host
•
AB-00-00-04-00-00 6003 DECNET Phase IV Router Hello packets, 1 packet
every 15 seconds, sent by the DECnet router
•
•
•
•
•
AB-00-00-05-00-00 through Reserved DEC
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
C0-00-00-00-00-01 -802- Active Monitor
AB-00-03-FF-FF-FF
AB-00-03-00-00-00 6004 DEC Local Area Transport (LAT) - old
AB-00-04-00-xx-xx Reserved DEC customer private use
AB-00-04-01-xx-yy 6007 DEC Local Area VAX Cluster groups System Communication Architecture
Common Ethernet Broadcast
Addresses
This table contains common uses for the Ethernet
Broadcast Address and the Ethernet Protocols that use it.
This table is for reference only.
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
FF-FF-FF-FF-FF-FF 0600 XNS packets, Hello or gateway search?
•
•
•
•
•
FF-FF-FF-FF-FF-FF 8035 Reverse ARP
6 packets every 15 seconds, per XNS station
FF-FF-FF-FF-FF-FF 0800 IP (e.g. RWHOD via UDP) as needed
FF-FF-FF-FF-FF-FF 0804 CHAOS
FF-FF-FF-FF-FF-FF 0806 ARP (for IP and CHAOS) as needed
FF-FF-FF-FF-FF-FF 0BAD Banyan
FF-FF-FF-FF-FF-FF 1600 VALID packets, Hello or gateway search? 1 packet
every 30 seconds, per VALID station
FF-FF-FF-FF-FF-FF 807C Merit Internodal (INP)
FF-FF-FF-FF-FF-FF 809B EtherTalk Phase I
FF-FF-FF-FF-FF-FF 9001 3Com (ex Bridge) Name Service
FF-FF-FF-FF-FF-FF 9002 3Com PCS/TCP Hello,approximately 1 per minute per
workstation
C0-00-00-00-00-02 -802- Ring Parameter Monitor
C0-00-00-00-00-04 -802- Network Server Heartbeat
C0-00-00-00-00-08 -802- Ring Error Monitor
C0-00-00-00-00-10 -802- Configuration Report Server
C0-00-00-00-00-20 -802- Synchronous Bandwidth Manager
C0-00-00-00-00-40 -802- Locate - Directory Server
C0-00-00-00-00-80 -802- NETBIOS
C0-00-00-00-01-00 -802- Bridge
C0-00-00-00-02-00 -802- IMPL Server
C0-00-00-00-04-00 -802- Ring Authorization Server
C0-00-00-00-08-00 -802- LAN Gateway
C0-00-00-00-10-00 -802- Ring Wiring Concentrator
C0-00-00-00-20-00 -802- LAN Manager
Appendix A Protocols & Ethernet Addresses
Appendix A-15
SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide
Notes:___________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
Appendix A-16
Appendix A Protocols & Ethernet Addresses
Appendix B
Startup LED Patterns
SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide
Startup LED Patterns
On startup the brouter will go through several start up tests. If any of the tests fail, the brouter will display a particular
pattern for the Forwarding Rate% (located on the front panel of the brouter). The table below explains some test scenarios:
Initial Startup
1%
5%
10%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
Initial Power On
ON
ON
ON
ON
ON
ON
ON
ON
Boot ROM Starting
ON
ON
Running from BOOT ROM
ON
ON
Bad Temperature Chip Low
ON
Bad Temperature High
ON
ON
ON
ON
ON
ON
Grade Mismatch: Flash = Grade1
ON
Grade Mismatch: Flash = Grade2
ON
Grade Mismatch: Flash = Grade3
ON
ON
Grade Mismatch: Flash = Grade4
ON
ON
Grade Mismatch: Flash = Grade5
ON
ON
Grade Mismatch: Flash = Grade6
ON
ON
Grade Mismatch: Flash = Grade7
ON
ON
ON
Grade Mismatch: Flash = Grade8
ON
ON
ON
Bad Serial Number Key
ON
ON
ON
ON
ON
ON
ON
Initial Startup Complete
AppendixB-2
Appendix B Startup LED Patterns
SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide
Interface Startup
After initial startup is complete and LEDs are de-powered, the brouter kernel will then attempt to auto configure each
interface starting with the first one. As each interface is started and tested, the 3 LEDs (Receive, Transmit, and Error)
associated with that particular interface will power-up. If the interface successfully completes testing, the LEDs will shut off
and the next interface will be probed. If there is a hardware problem with an interface, the brouter will either halt with the
LEDs left on to indicate the offending interface or if it has one good interface it will attempt to startup and forward packets.
Interface 1 Testing/Failed*
Interface (Port) Number
Receive
ON
Transmit
ON
Error/Collision
ON
* This is also the display you see when there are no ports present. This is because the brouter cannot distinguish between
a bad Interface 1 and does not have any interfaces installed.
Interface 2 Testing/Failed
Interface (Port) Number
Receive
ON
Transmit
ON
Error/Collision
ON
Appendix B Startup LED Patterns
Appendix B-3
SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide
Final Startup
If the brouter passes the Initial Startup and finds a good Interface 0, then the brouter will enter the Final Startup Phase. If
any of the interfaces that were found require Extended Memory (i.e., memory above 1 megabyte), then the memory will be
allocated and tested. If there is a problem with Extended Memory, then the brouter will halt with the following LED display:
1%
Bad or Deficient Extended Memory
5%
10%
20%
40%
ON
60%
80%
100%
ON
If Extended Memory passes the tests or is not needed, then the brouter will shut all LEDs off and then pulse the PC
Motherboard’s speaker connector at least once per second.
AppendixB-4
Appendix B Startup LED Patterns
SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide
INDEX
Add/Direct Button 8 - 3
Add/Indirect 8 - 4
Advanced Button - 11 Mb RF Interface Setup 5 - 10
Advanced Features Button 6 - 5
Advanced Interface Setup 5 - 6
Analysis Polling Interval 13 - 3
Analyzing Wireless Equipment 13 - 1
Antenna Alignment 13 - 8
Bridge Learn Table 12 - 3
Bridge Setup 6 - 2
Bridging Setup 6 - 1
Configuring a Saved Configuration File 4 - 3
Configuring a SPEEDLAN Brouter 4 - 2
Diagram of Subnetting a Network 7 - 7
Drawings of Components 3 - 10
Edit Button - Ethernet Protocols 6 - 3
Enabling the DHCP Client and Choosing the Appropriate Interface 7 - 14
Encryption Features
Add-on Option 1 - 5
Ethernet-like Interface Monitor 11 - 8
Exporting and Importing a Configuration 4 - 3
Features and Benefits
outdoor brouter 1 - 2
Figure of DHCP Addressing 7 - 9
File Menu 4 - 2
Frequency Button
11 Mb Frequency Setup 5 - 11
General Setup 5 - 2
Hardware 3 - 1
How does a network administrator assign an IP address? 7 - 8
ICMP Messages Received 11 - 23
ICMP Messages Sent 11 - 24
ICMP Monitor 11 - 23
In fact, IP defines five classes
7-4
Index-1
SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide
Installation and Setup 4 - 2
Installation Diagram 2 - 7
Installation Steps
installing wireless equipment 2 - 3
Interface & Advanced Interface Setup 5 - 5
Interface Monitor 11 - 5
Interface Setup 5 - 5
Internet Address Classes 7 - 3
Introduction 1 - 1
IP ARP Table 12 - 5
IP Monitor 11 - 17
IP Route Table 12 - 7
IP Routing
Advanced Filtering 1 - 3
IP Routing Setup 8 - 2
IP/TCP Connection Table 11 - 9
IP/TCP/UDP Monitor 11 - 20
IP/UDP Listener Table 12 - 10
IP-Router Features 1 - 5
Local IP-Address Table 12 - 11
MAC Filtering
Adding a filter 6 - 4
Deleting a filter 6 - 4
Editing a filter 6 - 4
Menus
Analyze 4 - 5
Help Menu 4 - 5
Monitor Menu 4 - 5
Setup Menu 4 - 5
View Menu 4 - 5
More Button - RIP Routing 8 - 5
Overview of Configurator 4 - 1
Package Contents 2 - 2
Part I - Quick Overview of IP Addressing 7 - 2
Part II - Setting Up the IP Address 7 - 13
Physically Assigning a Static IP Address 7 - 18
Polarization
Horizontal Polarity 2 - 8
Polarizations on a Grid Antenna 2 - 8
Protocol Filtering 6 - 3
Quick Overview of Other Menus 4 - 5
Quick Start 2 - 1
Index-2
SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide
Remote Statistics 11 - 2
Restoring Factory Default Settings on the SPEEDLAN 3 - 4
Rooftop and Tower Installations Warning 2 - 2
Security Button
11 Mb RF Security Setup 5 - 11
Select Another Device 13 - 2
Setting Up the IP Addresses (IP Host Setup) 7 - 11
Setup 1 Button - Ethernet Setup 5-6
Setup 2 Button - 11 Mb RF Interface Setup 5 - 7
SNMP Features 1 - 4
SNMP Management 1 - 4
SNMP Messages Received 11 - 14
SNMP Messages Sent 11 - 16
SNMP Monitor 11 - 14
SNMP Monitoring 11 - 1
SNMP Setup 9 - 1, 9 - 2
System Access Setup 10 - 1, 10 - 2
System Description
rooftop and tower warning 2 - 2
System Information 12 - 2
Tables 12 - 1
TCP 11 - 20
The Menu Bar 4 - 4
The Setup Buttons 4 - 6
The Toolbar 4 - 4
Toolbar and Menus 4 - 2
Transparent Ethernet Bridging
Advanced Filtering 1 - 2
Transport Methods 5 - 8
SectorPRC 5 - 9
SectorPRC - Non-Polling 5 - 9
SectorPRC - Polling 5 - 9
SectorPRC - Remote Station 5 - 9
Tunnel Partners Button 6 - 8
Index-3
SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide
Updating the Firmware 3 - 5
What is a Subnet Mask? 7 - 6
What is a Subnet? 7 - 6
What is an IP address? 7 - 2
What is DHCP? 7 - 8
What is NAT? 7 - 10
Windows 95/98/NT 4.0 SPEEDLAN Configurator 4 - 2
Wireless Link Test 13 - 3
Index-4
SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide
Product License Agreement
It is important for users of Wave Wireless hardware and software to take time to read this License Agreement associated
with this software PRIOR TO ITS USE. The Customer or Reseller has paid a License fee to Wave Wireless for use of this
software on one bridge or bridge/router. This License does not extend to any copyrights to the program nor does it license
use of the program on more than one bridge or bridge/router nor to make copies of the program for distribution or resale.
A product registration card is included with the product manual. Please complete the card within 10 days of receipt of the
software/hardware and return it to Wave Wireless. Registration is required for warranty service, technical support and notification of product updates and revisions.
License Agreement
The Customer or Reseller is granted a non-exclusive License to use the licensed program on a single bridge or bridge/
router subject to the terms and conditions as set forth in this agreement. The Customer or Reseller may not copy, modify or
transfer the reference manual or other documentation or any copy thereof except as expressly provided in this agreement.
The Copyright and all intellectual/industrial rights of this program and associated material remain the property of Wave
Wireless. THE CUSTOMER OR RESELLER MAY NOT USE, COPY, SUBLICENSE, ASSIGN OR TRANSFER THE
LICENSED MATERIALS OR ANY COPIES THEREOF IN WHOLE OR IN PART, EXCEPT AS EXPRESSLY PROVIDED IN
THIS LICENSE AGREEMENT. The Customer or Reseller shall not reverse assemble or reverse compile the Licensed product or any copy thereof in whole or in part.
Return Policies and Warranties
Initial One Year Warranty Term
Each Wave Wireless product is warranted against defects in material and workmanship for a period of one year from date
of shipment. During the warranty period Wave Wireless will, at its option, repair or replace products that prove to be
defective.
If equipment fails, the Customer or Reseller shall notify Wave Wireless and request a Return Material Authorization (RMA)
number. For warranty service or repair, this product must be returned to Wave Wireless. All returns to Wave Wireless
MUST have a valid RMA number written clearly on the outside of the box or the shipment will be refused. The
buyer shall pay all return shipping charges during the one-year warranty. All outbound shipments will be made
via ground shipment by Wave Wireless or via air courier with the customer's account number with the exception of
Extended / "Spare in the Air" Warranty holders.
Extended Warranty Policies (Includes "Spare in the Air")
At any time during the first year following an equipment purchase, an Extended Warranty Policy may be purchased for 10%
of the original list price. Terms of the Extended Warranty include "Spare in the Air" privileges to allow the use of parts or a
spare unit temporarily.
Product License Agreement-1
SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide
"Spare in the Air" Loaner Unit or Parts Replacement Policies
For an additional 10% of list price, the customer may purchase a "Spare in the Air" policy. This policy gives the customer
the right to a loaner replacement unit shipped within 24 hours of acceptance of the RMA by Wave. All outbound shipments
will be made via overnight air courier (during the first year).
"Spare in the Air" Policy Steps for Warranty or Extended Warranty Loaner Service
1. Customer obtains RMA approval
2. Overnight shipment of spare unit or parts to customer within 24 hours of approved RMA. Customer
swaps unit or part(s) with phone assistance, if required.
3. Customer returns part(s) to Wave Wireless. All returns to Wave Wireless MUST have a valid RMA number
written clearly on the outside of the box or the shipment will be refused.
4. After 14 days from the issuance of an RMA, an invoice for the list price of the unit or components will be issued
for any equipment that has not been returned. This will be credited upon the return of the defective
or replacement part or unit to Wave Wireless.
Extended Warranty Pricing Schedule
1st year: 10% of published equipment list price
2nd year: 15% of published equipment list price
3rd year: 15% of published equipment list price
*If all three years are purchased simultaneously, the cost will be 10% per year or 30% of list.
Years 2 & 3 can be purchased during the initial year of coverage if the equipment was under extended warranty during the
first year or if a physical on-site equipment inspection is performed and equipment is evaluated in warrantable condition
by Wave Wireless personnel at prevailing or site service call rates.
Onsite Services
Onsite services for troubleshooting and repair are billed at daily rate, plus expenses, unless otherwise agreed upon. Use of
spectrum analyzers or other test equipment may raise the daily rate.
Rental Unit Loaner
Customer may rent a unit at an agreed upon daily rate, plus shipping expenses, in lieu of purchasing a spare or "Spare in
the Air" policy. Rental days are counted from date shipped until the date the unit is received in return by Wave Wireless.
Refurbishing Fees
Any product returned that requires refurbishing, is damaged due to inadequate or improper packaging protection, or that
has not been returned with original packing materials may be subject to a refurbishing fee.
Bench Test and Repair Time
A unit is returned as defective and through bench testing is determined that the unit is not defective, Wave Wireless, at its
discretion, may charge bench test time at a rate of $85 U.S. per hour for testing and troubleshooting. Out of warranty
repairs will be performed at a rate of $85 U.S. per hour plus parts. All shipping charges will be the responsibility of the
Product License Agreement-2
SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide
customer.
Return for Credit
All returns to Wave Wireless MUST have a valid RMA number written clearly on the outside of the box or the
shipment will be refused. No returns for credit after 30 days will be approved. Products must be returned undamaged
and in original packaging or they will be subject to a minimum 20% restocking/refurbishing fee. Return freight charges
must be prepaid. At the option of Wave Wireless, products may be returned for repair or replaced provided the goods
have not been modified or repair attempted by someone other than Wave Wireless.
Limitation of Warranty
The foregoing warranty shall not apply to defects resulting from improper or inadequate maintenance by the buyer, buyer
supplied interfacing, unauthorized modification or misuse, operation outside of the environmental specifications for the
product, or improper site preparation or maintenance. Systems must be protected from electrical brownouts and
surges by a quality UPS such as an APC Smart brand or Tripp Lite Omni or similar, or warranty shall be null and
void. Warranties do not apply to any product that has been (i) altered, except expressly approved by Wave Wireless in
accordance with its instructions, (ii) damaged by improper electrical power or environment, abuse, misuse, accident, or
negligence. Repairs in the case of damage from "acts of God" are covered on a time and materials basis. The warranty
shall not apply if Wave Wireless prebuilt U.S. FCC approved antenna assemblies have been altered and installed by any
persons other than professional wireless installers.
THE FOREGOING WARRANTIES ARE EXCLUSIVE REMEDIES AND ARE IN LIEU OF ALL OTHER WARRANTIES, EXPRESS
OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, ANY WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
No statement, including, without limitation, representations regarding capacity, suitability for use or performance of products, whether made by Wave Wireless employees or otherwise, shall be deemed to be a warranty by Wave Wireless for any
purpose or give rise to any liability for Wave Wireless unless expressly contained in writing. Resellers will have complete
responsibility and liability for performance of its agreements with its customers and Resellers shall indemnify and hold
Wave Wireless harmless from and against all liability arising out of such agreements.
Wave Wireless warrants that the firmware for use with the unit will execute its programming instructions when properly
installed on the unit. Wave Wireless does not warrant that the operation of the unit or firmware will be uninterrupted or
error-free. Wave Wireless shall not be obligated to remedy any software defect that cannot be repeated.
Wave Wireless is not responsible for equipment non-performance due to outside radio interference caused by any source.
Exclusive Remedies
The remedies provided herein are the buyer's sole and exclusive remedies. Wave Wireless shall not be liable for any direct,
indirect, special, incidental or consequential damages, whether based on contract, tort or any legal theory.
Product License Agreement-3
SPEEDLAN Installation and Operation User Guide
Other Important Statements and Warnings
FCC Statement (For USA Only)
Federal Communications Commission
Radio Frequency Interference Statement for Spread Spectrum Devices
Warning:
This equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy. If it is not installed and used in accordance with
the instruction manual, it may cause interference to radio communications. It has been tested and found to comply with
the limits for a Class A computing device pursuant to Part 15 of FCC Rules, which are designed to provide reasonable
protection against such interference when operated in a commercial environment. Operation of this equipment in a residential area will probably cause interference, in which case the user at his own expense will be required to take whatever
measures may be required to correct the interference.
WARNING!
This is a 2.4 GHz point-to-point system. The conducted output is 0.125 Watts with Gant = 24 dBi. This system is used
exclusively for fixed point-to-point operations. It is prohibited to transmit the same information from multiple colocated antennas.
•
This equipment must be professionally installed
•
In order to comply with FCC RF Exposure requirements, this device must be installed in such
that a minimum separation distance of 2 meters (6 feet) is always maintained between the
antenna and all persons.
•
The operator and professional installer are responsible for ensuring that the system is used
exclusively for fixed point-to-point operations.
•
The manufacturer is not responsible for any radio or TV interference caused by unauthorized modifications to this equipment. Such modifications could void the user’s authority to
operate the equipment.
Electronic Emission Notices
All the spread spectrum devices sold in this catalog comply with Part 15 of the FCC rules.
Operation is subject to the following two conditions:
1. This device may not cause harmful interference, and
2. This device must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired operation.
If this equipment causes interference to radio reception (which can be determined by unplugging the power cord from the
equipment) try these measures: (1) Re-orient the receiving antenna, (2) Relocate the equipment with respect to the
receiver, (3) Plug the equipment and receiver into different branch circuits, or (4) Consult your dealer or an experienced
technician for additional suggestions.
DANGER!!! Rooftop or tower antenna installations are extremely dangerous and incorrect installation may
result in injury, damage, or death. Rooftop and tower installations must be performed by professional antenna
installers only.
Product License Agreement-4

---

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