ZyXEL Communications AMG1312T10B Wireless N ADSL2+ 4-port Gateway with USB User Manual AMG1312 T10B UG part1 REV1

ZyXEL Communications Corporation Wireless N ADSL2+ 4-port Gateway with USB AMG1312 T10B UG part1 REV1

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Quick Start Guidewww.zyxel.comAMG1312-T SeriesWireless N ADSL2+ 4-port Gateway with USBVersion 2.00Edition 1, 8/2013Copyright © 2013 ZyXEL Communications CorporationUser’s GuideDefault Login DetailsLAN IP Address http://192.168.1.1User Name adminPassword 1234

AMG1312-T Series User’s Guide2IMPORTANT!READ CAREFULLY BEFORE USE.KEEP THIS GUIDE FOR FUTURE REFERENCE.Note: This guide is a reference for a series of products. Therefore some features or options in this guide may not be available in your product.Graphics in this book may differ slightly from the product due to differences in operating systems, operating system versions, or if you installed updated firmware/software for your device. Every effort has been made to ensure that the information in this manual is accurate.Related Documentation•Quick Start Guide The Quick Start Guide shows how to connect the AMG1312-T Series and access the Web Configurator. It contains information on setting up your wireless network.

Contents OverviewAMG1312-T Series User’s Guide 3Contents OverviewUser’s Guide .......................................................................................................................................12Introduction .............................................................................................................................................14Introducing the Web Configurator ...........................................................................................................19Internet / Wireless Setup Wizard............................................................................................................. 27Tutorials ..................................................................................................................................................34Technical Reference ..........................................................................................................................61Connection Status and System Info Screens ..........................................................................................63Broadband ...............................................................................................................................................68Wireless LAN ..........................................................................................................................................87Home Networking .................................................................................................................................. 115Static Route ...........................................................................................................................................132Quality of Service (QoS) .......................................................................................................................136Network Address Translation (NAT) ......................................................................................................147Port Binding ...........................................................................................................................................157Dynamic DNS Setup .............................................................................................................................161Filters ....................................................................................................................................................163Firewall ..................................................................................................................................................168Parental Control ....................................................................................................................................186Certificate ..............................................................................................................................................189Logs .....................................................................................................................................................194Traffic Status .........................................................................................................................................196User Account .........................................................................................................................................199TR-069 Client ........................................................................................................................................200System Settings ....................................................................................................................................202Firmware Upgrade ................................................................................................................................205Backup/Restore .....................................................................................................................................207Remote Management ............................................................................................................................210Diagnostic .............................................................................................................................................221Troubleshooting ....................................................................................................................................224

Table of ContentsAMG1312-T Series User’s Guide4Table of ContentsContents Overview ..............................................................................................................................3Table of Contents .................................................................................................................................4Part I: User’s Guide ......................................................................................... 12Chapter 1Introduction.........................................................................................................................................141.1 Overview ...........................................................................................................................................141.2 Ways to Manage the AMG1312-T Series .........................................................................................141.3 Good Habits for Managing the AMG1312-T Series ..........................................................................141.4 Applications for the AMG1312-T Series ............................................................................................151.4.1 Internet Access ........................................................................................................................151.4.2 Wireless Access ......................................................................................................................151.5 General Hardware Features ..............................................................................................................161.6 Using the WPS Button ......................................................................................................................171.7 The RESET Button ............................................................................................................................181.7.1 Using the Reset Button ............................................................................................................181.8 Ways to Manage the AMG1312-T Series ........................................................................................18Chapter 2Introducing the Web Configurator ....................................................................................................192.1 Overview ...........................................................................................................................................192.1.1 Accessing the Web Configurator .............................................................................................192.2 The Web Configurator Layout ...........................................................................................................222.2.1 Title Bar ...................................................................................................................................232.2.2 Main Window ...........................................................................................................................242.2.3 Navigation Panel .....................................................................................................................24Chapter 3Internet / Wireless Setup Wizard.......................................................................................................273.1 Overview ...........................................................................................................................................273.2 Internet / Wireless Wizard Setup .......................................................................................................27Chapter 4Tutorials...............................................................................................................................................344.1 Overview ...........................................................................................................................................344.2 Setting Up Your DSL Connection ......................................................................................................34

Table of ContentsAMG1312-T Series User’s Guide 54.3 IPv6 Address Configuration ..............................................................................................................364.4 Setting Up a Secure Wireless Network .............................................................................................374.4.1 Configuring the Wireless Network Settings .............................................................................374.4.2 Using WPS ..............................................................................................................................384.4.3 Connecting Wirelessly to your AMG1312-T Series .................................................................424.5 Configuring the MAC Address Filter for Restricting Wireless Internet Access ..................................444.6 Setting Up NAT Forwarding for a Game Server ................................................................................454.6.1 Port Forwarding .......................................................................................................................464.7 Configuring Firewall Rules to Allow a Specified Service ...................................................................474.8 Configuring Static Route for Routing to Another Network .................................................................504.9 Port Binding Configuration ...............................................................................................................524.9.1 Configuring ATM QoS for Multiple WAN Connections .............................................................524.9.2 Configuring Port Binding ..........................................................................................................554.10 Configuring QoS to Prioritize Traffic ................................................................................................564.11 Access the AMG1312-T Series from the Internet Using DDNS ......................................................594.11.1 Registering a DDNS Account on www.dyndns.org ................................................................594.11.2 Configuring DDNS on Your AMG1312-T Series ....................................................................604.11.3 Testing the DDNS Setting ......................................................................................................60Part II: Technical Reference............................................................................ 61Chapter 5Connection Status and System Info Screens ..................................................................................635.1 Overview ...........................................................................................................................................635.2 The Connection Status Screen .........................................................................................................635.3 The System Info Screen ....................................................................................................................64Chapter 6Broadband...........................................................................................................................................686.1 Overview ...........................................................................................................................................686.1.1 What You Can Do in the WAN Screens ...................................................................................686.1.2 What You Need to Know About WAN ......................................................................................686.1.3 Before You Begin .....................................................................................................................696.2 The Internet Connection Screen .......................................................................................................696.2.1 Advanced Setup ......................................................................................................................736.3 The More Connections Screen .........................................................................................................756.3.1 More Connections Edit ............................................................................................................766.3.2 Configuring More Connections Advanced Setup .....................................................................796.4 The 3G Backup Screen .....................................................................................................................806.5 WAN Technical Reference ................................................................................................................826.5.1 Encapsulation ..........................................................................................................................82

Table of ContentsAMG1312-T Series User’s Guide66.5.2 Multiplexing ..............................................................................................................................836.5.3 VPI and VCI .............................................................................................................................846.5.4 IP Address Assignment ...........................................................................................................846.5.5 Nailed-Up Connection (PPP) ...................................................................................................846.5.6 NAT ..........................................................................................................................................856.6 Traffic Shaping ..................................................................................................................................856.6.1 ATM Traffic Classes .................................................................................................................86Chapter 7Wireless LAN.......................................................................................................................................877.1 Overview ...........................................................................................................................................877.1.1 What You Can Do in the Wireless LAN Screens .....................................................................877.1.2 What You Need to Know About Wireless ................................................................................887.1.3 Before You Start .......................................................................................................................887.2 The General Screen ..........................................................................................................................887.2.1 No Security ..............................................................................................................................907.2.2 Basic (WEP Encryption) ..........................................................................................................907.2.3 More Secure (WPA(2)-PSK) ....................................................................................................917.2.4 WPA(2) Authentication .............................................................................................................927.3 The More/Guest AP Screen ..............................................................................................................947.3.1 More AP Edit ...........................................................................................................................947.4 The MAC Authentication Screen .......................................................................................................967.5 The WPS Screen ..............................................................................................................................977.6 The WDS Screen ..............................................................................................................................997.7 The WMM Screen ...........................................................................................................................1007.8 The Scheduling Screen ...................................................................................................................1007.9 The Advanced Screen .....................................................................................................................1017.10 Wireless LAN Technical Reference ...............................................................................................1027.10.1 Wireless Network Overview .................................................................................................1027.10.2 Additional Wireless Terms ...................................................................................................1047.10.3 Wireless Security Overview .................................................................................................1047.10.4 Signal Problems ..................................................................................................................1067.10.5 BSS .....................................................................................................................................1077.10.6 MBSSID ...............................................................................................................................1077.10.7 Wireless Distribution System (WDS) ...................................................................................1087.10.8 WiFi Protected Setup (WPS) ...............................................................................................108Chapter 8Home Networking .............................................................................................................................1158.1 Overview ......................................................................................................................................... 1158.1.1 What You Can Do in the LAN Screens .................................................................................. 1158.1.2 What You Need To Know .......................................................................................................1168.1.3 Before You Begin ...................................................................................................................117

Table of ContentsAMG1312-T Series User’s Guide 78.2 The LAN Setup Screen ................................................................................................................... 1178.3 The Static DHCP Screen ................................................................................................................. 1198.4 The IP Alias Screen ........................................................................................................................1208.4.1 Configuring the LAN IP Alias Screen .....................................................................................1218.5 The UPnP Screen ...........................................................................................................................1218.6 The IPv6 LAN Setup Screen ...........................................................................................................1228.7 The File Sharing Screen .................................................................................................................1258.7.1 The User Edit Screen ............................................................................................................1268.8 Home Networking Technical Reference ..........................................................................................1288.8.1 LANs, WANs and the AMG1312-T Series .............................................................................1288.8.2 DHCP Setup ..........................................................................................................................1288.8.3 DNS Server Addresses .........................................................................................................1288.8.4 LAN TCP/IP ...........................................................................................................................1298.8.5 RIP Setup ..............................................................................................................................1308.8.6 Multicast ................................................................................................................................130Chapter 9Static Route.......................................................................................................................................1329.1 Overview ........................................................................................................................................1329.1.1 What You Can Do in the Static Route Screens ......................................................................1339.2 The Static Route Screen .................................................................................................................1339.2.1 Static Route Add/Edit ...........................................................................................................1339.3 IPv6 Static Route .............................................................................................................................1349.3.1 IPv6 Static Route Edit ..........................................................................................................135Chapter 10Quality of Service (QoS)...................................................................................................................13610.1 Overview .......................................................................................................................................13610.1.1 What You Can Do in the QoS Screens ................................................................................13610.1.2 What You Need to Know About QoS ...................................................................................13710.2 The Quality of Service General Screen .........................................................................................13710.3 The Queue Screen ........................................................................................................................13810.3.1 Adding a QoS Queue .........................................................................................................13910.4 The Class Setup Screen ..............................................................................................................14010.4.1 Class Setup Add/Edit ...........................................................................................................14010.5 The QoS Game List Screen .........................................................................................................14410.6 QoS Technical Reference .............................................................................................................14510.6.1 IEEE 802.1p ........................................................................................................................14510.6.2 IP Precedence .....................................................................................................................14510.6.3 Automatic Priority Queue Assignment .................................................................................146Chapter 11Network Address Translation (NAT)................................................................................................147

Table of ContentsAMG1312-T Series User’s Guide811.1 Overview .......................................................................................................................................14711.1.1 What You Can Do in the NAT Screens ................................................................................14711.1.2 What You Need To Know About NAT ...................................................................................14711.2 The NAT General Screen ..............................................................................................................14811.3 The Port Forwarding Screen .........................................................................................................14911.3.1 Configuring the Port Forwarding Screen ..............................................................................14911.3.2 Port Forwarding Rule Add/Edit ............................................................................................15011.4 The DMZ Screen ...........................................................................................................................15211.5 The ALG Screen ............................................................................................................................15211.6 NAT Technical Reference ..............................................................................................................15311.6.1 NAT Definitions ....................................................................................................................15311.6.2 What NAT Does ...................................................................................................................15411.6.3 How NAT Works ...................................................................................................................15411.6.4 NAT Application ...................................................................................................................15411.6.5 NAT Mapping Types .............................................................................................................155Chapter 12Port Binding ......................................................................................................................................15712.1 Overview .......................................................................................................................................15712.1.1 What You Can Do in the Port Binding Screens ...................................................................15812.2 The Port Binding General Screen .................................................................................................15812.3 The Port Binding Screen ...............................................................................................................15812.3.1 Port Binding Summary Screen ............................................................................................159Chapter 13Dynamic DNS Setup .........................................................................................................................16113.1 Overview .......................................................................................................................................16113.1.1 What You Can Do in the DDNS Screen ...............................................................................16113.1.2 What You Need To Know About DDNS ...............................................................................16113.2 The Dynamic DNS Screen ............................................................................................................161Chapter 14Filters.................................................................................................................................................16314.1 Overview ......................................................................................................................................16314.1.1 What You Can Do in the Filter Screens ...............................................................................16314.1.2 What You Need to Know About Filtering .............................................................................16314.2 The IP/MAC Filter Screen .............................................................................................................16314.3 IPv6/MAC Filter .............................................................................................................................166Chapter 15Firewall ..............................................................................................................................................16815.1 Overview .......................................................................................................................................16815.1.1 What You Can Do in the Firewall Screens ...........................................................................168

Table of ContentsAMG1312-T Series User’s Guide 915.1.2 What You Need to Know About Firewall ..............................................................................16915.2 The Firewall General Screen ........................................................................................................17015.3 The Default Action Screen ............................................................................................................17115.4 The Rules Screen .........................................................................................................................17315.4.1 The Rules Add Screen ........................................................................................................17415.4.2 Customized Services ..........................................................................................................17615.4.3 Customized Service Add/Edit .............................................................................................17715.5 The DoS Screen ............................................................................................................................17915.5.1 The DoS Advanced Screen .................................................................................................17915.5.2 Configuring Firewall Thresholds ..........................................................................................18015.6 Firewall Technical Reference ........................................................................................................18115.6.1 Firewall Rules Overview ......................................................................................................18115.6.2 Guidelines For Enhancing Security With Your Firewall .......................................................18215.6.3 Security Considerations .......................................................................................................18315.6.4 Triangle Route .....................................................................................................................183Chapter 16Parental Control................................................................................................................................18616.1 Overview .......................................................................................................................................18616.2 The Parental Control Screen .........................................................................................................18616.2.1 Add/Edit Parental Control Rule ............................................................................................187Chapter 17Certificate ..........................................................................................................................................18917.1 Overview .......................................................................................................................................18917.1.1 What You Can Do in this Chapter ........................................................................................18917.2 What You Need to Know ...............................................................................................................18917.3 Local Certificates ...........................................................................................................................18917.4 The Trusted CA Screen ................................................................................................................19117.5 Trusted CA Import .......................................................................................................................19117.6 View Certificate .............................................................................................................................192Chapter 18Logs ..................................................................................................................................................19418.1 Overview ......................................................................................................................................19418.1.1 What You Can Do in this Chapter ........................................................................................19418.1.2 What You Need To Know .....................................................................................................19418.2 The System Log Screen ................................................................................................................195Chapter 19Traffic Status .....................................................................................................................................19619.1 Overview .......................................................................................................................................19619.1.1 What You Can Do in this Chapter ........................................................................................196

Table of ContentsAMG1312-T Series User’s Guide1019.2 The WAN Status Screen ...............................................................................................................19619.3 The LAN Status Screen .................................................................................................................19719.4 The NAT Screen ............................................................................................................................198Chapter 20User Account ....................................................................................................................................19920.1 Overview .......................................................................................................................................19920.2 The User Account Screen .............................................................................................................199Chapter 21TR-069 Client.....................................................................................................................................20021.1 Overview .......................................................................................................................................20021.2 The TR-069 Client Screen ............................................................................................................200Chapter 22System Settings................................................................................................................................20222.1 Overview .......................................................................................................................................20222.1.1 What You Can Do in the System Settings Screens .............................................................20222.2 The System Screen .......................................................................................................................20222.3 The Time Screen ..........................................................................................................................202Chapter 23Firmware Upgrade ............................................................................................................................20523.1 Overview .......................................................................................................................................20523.2 The Firmware Screen ....................................................................................................................205Chapter 24Backup/Restore ................................................................................................................................20724.1 Overview .......................................................................................................................................20724.2 The Backup/Restore Screen .........................................................................................................20724.3 The Reboot Screen .......................................................................................................................209Chapter 25Remote Management........................................................................................................................21025.1 Overview .......................................................................................................................................21025.1.1 What You Can Do in the Remote Management Screens ....................................................21025.1.2 What You Need to Know About Remote Management ........................................................ 21125.2 The WWW Screen ........................................................................................................................ 21125.2.1 Configuring the WWW Screen .............................................................................................21125.3 The Telnet Screen .........................................................................................................................21325.4 The FTP Screen ............................................................................................................................21325.5 The SNMP Screen ........................................................................................................................21425.5.1 Configuring SNMP ...............................................................................................................215

Table of ContentsAMG1312-T Series User’s Guide 1125.6 The DNS Screen ..........................................................................................................................21725.7 The ICMP Screen ..........................................................................................................................21725.8 The SSH Screen ...........................................................................................................................21825.8.1 SSH Example ......................................................................................................................219Chapter 26Diagnostic .........................................................................................................................................22126.1 Overview .......................................................................................................................................22126.1.1 What You Can Do in the Diagnostic Screens ......................................................................22126.2 The General Screen ......................................................................................................................22126.3 The DSL Line Screen ....................................................................................................................222Chapter 27Troubleshooting................................................................................................................................22427.1 Power, Hardware Connections, and LEDs ....................................................................................22427.2 AMG1312-T Series Access and Login ..........................................................................................22527.3 Internet Access .............................................................................................................................227Appendix A Setting up Your Computer’s IP Address.......................................................................229Appendix B IP Addresses and Subnetting.......................................................................................249Appendix C Pop-up Windows, JavaScripts and Java Permissions .................................................257Appendix D Wireless LANs..............................................................................................................264Appendix E IPv6 ..............................................................................................................................277Appendix F Services........................................................................................................................286Appendix G Legal Information .........................................................................................................290Index ..................................................................................................................................................294

AMG1312-T Series User’s Guide 14CHAPTER 1Introduction1.1 OverviewThe AMG1312-T Series is an ADSL2+ router. By integrating DSL and NAT, you are provided with ease of installation and high-speed, shared Internet access. The AMG1312-T Series is also a complete security solution with a robust firewall and content filtering.Only use firmware for your AMG1312-T Series’s specific model. Refer to the label on the bottom of your AMG1312-T Series.Note: Not all models have all of the features shown in this User’s Guide.1.2 Ways to Manage the AMG1312-T SeriesUse any of the following methods to manage the AMG1312-T Series.• Web Configurator. This is recommended for everyday management of the AMG1312-T Series using a (supported) web browser.• Command Line Interface. Line commands are mostly used for troubleshooting by service engineers.• FTP for firmware upgrades and configuration backup/restore.• TR-069. This is an auto-configuration server used to remotely configure your device.1.3 Good Habits for Managing the AMG1312-T SeriesDo the following things regularly to make the AMG1312-T Series more secure and to manage the AMG1312-T Series more effectively.• Change the password. Use a password that’s not easy to guess and that consists of different types of characters, such as numbers and letters.• Write down the password and put it in a safe place.• Back up the configuration (and make sure you know how to restore it). Restoring an earlier working configuration may be useful if the device becomes unstable or even crashes. If you forget your password, you will have to reset the AMG1312-T Series to its factory default settings. If you backed up an earlier configuration file, you would not have to totally re-configure the AMG1312-T Series. You could simply restore your last configuration.

Chapter 1 IntroductionAMG1312-T Series User’s Guide 151.4 Applications for the AMG1312-T SeriesHere are some example uses for which the AMG1312-T Series is well suited.1.4.1 Internet AccessYour AMG1312-T Series provides shared Internet access by connecting the DSL port to the DSL or MODEM jack on a splitter or your telephone jack. Computers can connect to the AMG1312-T Series’s Ethernet ports (or wirelessly).Figure 1 AMG1312-T Series’s Router FeaturesYou can also configure firewall and filtering feature on the AMG1312-T Series for secure Internet access. When the firewall is on, all incoming traffic from the Internet to your network is blocked unless it is initiated from your network. This means that probes from the outside to your network are not allowed, but you can safely browse the Internet and download files.Use the filtering feature to block access to specific web sites or Internet applications such as MSN or Yahoo Messenger. You can also configure IP/MAC filtering rules for incoming or outgoing traffic.Use QoS to efficiently manage traffic on your network by giving priority to certain types of traffic and/or to particular computers. For example, you could make sure that the AMG1312-T Series gives voice over Internet calls high priority, and/or limit bandwidth devoted to the boss’s excessive file downloading.1.4.2 Wireless AccessThe ZyXEL Device is a wireless Access Point (AP) for IEEE 802.11b/g/n compliant clients, such as notebook computers or PDAs and iPads. It allows them to connect to the Internet without having to rely on inconvenient Ethernet cables. You can set up a wireless network with WPS (WiFi Protected Setup) or manually add a client to your wireless network.DSLLAN WAN

Chapter 1 IntroductionAMG1312-T Series User’s Guide16Figure 2 Wireless Access Example1.5 General Hardware FeaturesFigure 3 General Hardware Features The following table describes the LEDs.Table 1 LED DescriptionsLED COLOR STATUS DESCRIPTION(POWER)Green On The AMG1312-T Series is receiving power and ready for use.Blinking The AMG1312-T Series is self-testing.Red On The AMG1312-T Series detected an error while self-testing, or there is a device malfunction.Off The AMG1312-T Series is not receiving power.Ethernet 1-4 Green On The AMG1312-T Series has an Ethernet connection with a device on the Local Area Network (LAN).Blinking The AMG1312-T Series is sending/receiving data to/from the LAN.Off The AMG1312-T Series does not have an Ethernet connection with the LAN.

Chapter 1 IntroductionAMG1312-T Series User’s Guide 171.6 Using the WPS ButtonYou can also use the WPS button to quickly set up a secure wireless connection between theAMG1312-T Series and a WPS-compatible client by adding one device at a time.To activate WPS:1Make sure the POWER LED is on and not blinking.2Press the WPS button for 1-5 seconds and release it. See below for WPS button location.(WLAN)Green On The wireless network is activated.Blinking The AMG1312-T Series is communicating with wireless clients.Off The wireless network is not activated.(WPS)Green On WPS is ready.Blinking The AMG1312-T Series is setting up a WPS connection.Off WPS is disabled or has failed.(DSL)Green On The DSL line is up.Blinking The AMG1312-T Series is initializing the DSL line.Off The DSL line is down.(INTERNET)Green On The AMG1312-T Series has an IP connection but no traffic.Your device has a WAN IP address (either static or assigned by a DHCP server), PPP negotiation was successfully completed (if used) and the DSL connection is up.Blinking The AMG1312-T Series is sending or receiving IP traffic.Red On The AMG1312-T Series attempted to make an IP connection but failed. Possible causes are no response from a DHCP server, no PPPoE response, PPPoE authentication failed.Off The AMG1312-T Series does not have an IP connection.USBGreen On The AMG1312-T Series recognizes a USB connection through the USB slot.Blinking The AMG1312-T Series is sending/receiving data to /from the USB device connected to it.Off The AMG1312-T Series does not detect a USB connection through the USB slot.Table 1 LED Descriptions (continued)LED COLOR STATUS DESCRIPTION

Chapter 1 IntroductionAMG1312-T Series User’s Guide18 3Press the WPS button on another WPS-enabled device within range of the AMG1312-T Series. The WPS LED should flash while the AMG1312-T Series sets up a WPS connection with the other wireless device. 4Once the connection is successfully made, the WPS LED shines green.1.7 The RESET ButtonIf you forget your password or cannot access the web configurator, you will need to use the RESET button at the back of the device to reload the factory-default configuration file. This means that you will lose all configurations that you had previously and the user name and password will be reset to the default.1.7.1 Using the Reset Button1Make sure the POWER LED is on (not blinking).2To set the device back to the factory default settings, press the RESET button for ten seconds or until the POWER LED begins to blink and then release it. When the POWER LED begins to blink, the defaults have been restored and the device restarts.1.8 Ways to Manage the AMG1312-T SeriesUse any of the following methods to manage the AMG1312-T Series.• Web Configurator. This is recommended for everyday management of the AMG1312-T Series using a (supported) web browser.• FTP for firmware upgrades and configuration backup/restore.WPS

AMG1312-T Series User’s Guide 19CHAPTER 2Introducing the Web Configurator2.1 OverviewThe web configurator is an HTML-based management interface that allows easy device setup and management via Internet browser. Use Internet Explorer 6.0 and later versions, Mozilla Firefox 3 and later versions, or Safari 2.0 and later versions. The recommended screen resolution is 1024 by 768 pixels.In order to use the web configurator, you need to allow:• Web browser pop-up windows from your device. Web pop-up blocking is enabled by default in Windows XP SP (Service Pack) 2.• JavaScript (enabled by default).• Java permissions (enabled by default).See Appendix C on page 257 if you need to make sure these functions are allowed in Internet Explorer.2.1.1 Accessing the Web Configurator1Make sure your AMG1312-T Series hardware is properly connected (refer to the Quick Start Guide).2Launch your web browser.3Type "192.168.1.1" as the URL.4A password screen displays. Type “admin” (default) as the username and “1234” as the password, and click Login. If you have changed the password, enter your password and click Login.

Chapter 2 Introducing the Web ConfiguratorAMG1312-T Series User’s Guide20Figure 4 Password ScreenNote: For security reasons, the AMG1312-T Series automatically logs you out if you do not use the web configurator for five minutes (default). If this happens, log in again. 5The following screen displays if you have not yet changed your password. It is strongly recommended you change the default password. Enter a new password, retype it to confirm and click Apply; alternatively click Skip to proceed to the Connection Status screen if you do not want to change the password now.Figure 5 Change Password Screen6The Connection Status screen appears.

Chapter 2 Introducing the Web ConfiguratorAMG1312-T Series User’s Guide 21Figure 6 Connection Status 7Click System Info to display the System Info screen, where you can view the AMG1312-T Series’s interface and system information.

Chapter 2 Introducing the Web ConfiguratorAMG1312-T Series User’s Guide222.2 The Web Configurator LayoutClick Connection Status > System Info to show the following screen.Figure 7 Web Configurator Layout ScreenAs illustrated above, the main screen is divided into these parts:•A - title bar•B - main window •C - navigation panelAB C

Chapter 2 Introducing the Web ConfiguratorAMG1312-T Series User’s Guide 232.2.1 Title BarThe title bar shows the following icon in the upper right corner.Click this icon to log out of the web configurator.

Chapter 2 Introducing the Web ConfiguratorAMG1312-T Series User’s Guide242.2.2 Main WindowThe main window displays information and configuration fields. It is discussed in the rest of this document.After you click System Info on the Connection Status screen, the System Info screen is displayed. See Chapter 5 on page 64 for more information about the System Info screen.If you click LAN Device on the System Info screen, the Connection Status screen appears. See Chapter 5 on page 63 for more information about the Connection Status screen.If you click Virtual Device on the System Info screen, a visual graphic appears, showing the connection status of the AMG1312-T Series’s ports. The connected ports are in color and disconnected ports are gray.2.2.3 Navigation PanelUse the menu items on the navigation panel to open screens to configure AMG1312-T Series features. The following table describes each menu item.Table 2 Navigation Panel SummaryLINK TAB FUNCTIONConnection Status This screen shows the network status of the AMG1312-T Series and computers/devices connected to it.Network SettingBroadband Internet ConnectionUse this screen to configure ISP parameters, WAN IP address assignment, DNS servers and other advanced properties.More Connections Use this screen to configure additional WAN connections.3G Backup Use this screen to configure 3G WAN connection.Wireless General Use this screen to turn the wireless connection on or off, specify the SSID(s) and configure the wireless LAN settings and WLAN authentication/security settings.More/guest AP Use this screen to configure multiple BSSs on the AMG1312-T Series.MAC Authentication Use this screen to block or allow wireless traffic from wireless devices of certain SSIDs and MAC addresses to the AMG1312-T Series.WPS Use this screen to use WPS (Wi-Fi Protected Setup) to establish a wireless connection.WDS Use this screen to set up Wireless Distribution System (WDS) links to other access points.WMM Use this screen to enable or disable Wi-Fi MultiMedia (WMM).Scheduling Use this screen to configure when the AMG1312-T Series enables or disables the wireless LAN.Advanced Use this screen to configure advanced wireless settings such as output power.

Chapter 2 Introducing the Web ConfiguratorAMG1312-T Series User’s Guide 25Home Networking LAN Setup Use this screen to configure LAN TCP/IP settings, and other advanced properties.Static DHCP Use this screen to assign specific IP addresses to individual MAC addresses.IP Alias Use this screen to partition your LAN interface into different logical networks.UPnP Use this screen to enable the UPnP function.IPv6 LAN Setup Use this screen to configure the IPv6 settings on the AMG1312-T Series’s LAN interface.File Sharing Use this screen to enable file sharing via the Device.Static Route Static Route Use this screen to view and set up static routes on the AMG1312-T Series.IPv6 Static Route Use this screen to configure IPv6 static routes.QoS General Use this screen to enable QoS and decide allowable bandwidth using QoS.Queue Use this screen to configure QoS queue assignment.Class Setup Use this screen to set up classifiers to sort traffic into different flows and assign priority and define actions to be performed for a classified traffic flow.Game List Use this screen to give priority to traffic for specific games.NAT General Use this screen to activate/deactivate NAT.Port Forwarding Use this screen to make your local servers visible to the outside world.DMZ Use this screen to configure a default server which receives packets from ports that are not specified in the Port Forwarding screen.ALG Use this screen to enable or disable SIP ALG.Port Binding General Use this screen to activate/deactivate port binding.Port Binding Use this screen to configure and view port binding groups.Dynamic DNS Dynamic DNS Use this screen to allow a static hostname alias for a dynamic IP address.SecurityFilter IP/MAC Filter Use this screen to configure IPv4/MAC filtering rules for incoming or outgoing traffic.IPv6/MAC Filter Use this screen to configure IPv6/MAC filtering rules for incoming or outgoing traffic.Firewall General Use this screen to activate/deactivate the firewall. Default Action Use this screen to set the default action that the firewall takes on packets that do not match any of the firewall rules.Rules Use this screen to view the configured firewall rules and add, edit or remove a firewall rule.Dos Use this screen to set the thresholds that the AMG1312-T Series uses to determine when to start dropping sessions that are not fully established (half-open sessions).Table 2 Navigation Panel Summary (continued)LINK TAB FUNCTION

Chapter 2 Introducing the Web ConfiguratorAMG1312-T Series User’s Guide26Parental Control Parental Control Use this screen to define time periods and days during which the AMG1312-T Series performs parental control and/or block web sites with the specific URL.Certificates Local Certificates Use this screen to export self-signed certificates or certification requests and import the AMG1312-T Series’s CA-signed certificates. Trusted CA Use this screen to save CA certificates to the AMG1312-T Series.System MonitorLog Log Use this screen to view the logs for the level that you selected. You can export or e-mail the logs.Traffic Status WAN Use this screen to view the status of all network traffic going through the WAN port of the AMG1312-T Series.LAN Use this screen to view the status of all network traffic going through the LAN ports of the AMG1312-T Series.NAT Use this screen to view the status of NAT sessions on the AMG1312-T Series. MaintenanceUsers Account Users Account Use this screen to configure the passwords your user accounts.TR-069 Client TR-069 Client Use this screen to configure the AMG1312-T Series to be managed by an Auto Configuration Server (ACS).System System Use this screen to configure management inactivity time-out setting.Time Time Setting Use this screen to change your AMG1312-T Series’s time and date.Log Setting Log Setting Use this screen to select which logs and/or immediate alerts your device is to record. You can also set it to e-mail the logs to you.Firmware Upgrade Firmware Upgrade Use this screen to upload firmware to your device.Backup/Restore Backup/Restore Use this screen to backup and restore your device’s configuration (settings) or reset the factory default settings.Reboot Reboot Use this screen to reboot the AMG1312-T Series without turning the power off.Remote MGMT WWW, Telnet, FTP, SNMP, DNS, ICMP, SSHUse this screen to enable specific traffic directions for specific network service.Diagnostic Ping Use this screen to test the connections to other devices.DSL Line Use this screen to identify problems with the DSL connection.Table 2 Navigation Panel Summary (continued)LINK TAB FUNCTION

AMG1312-T Series User’s Guide 27CHAPTER 3Internet / Wireless Setup Wizard3.1 OverviewUse the wizard setup screens to configure your system for Internet access with the information given to you by your ISP. Note: See the advanced menu chapters for background information on these fields.3.2 Internet / Wireless Wizard Setup1After you enter the password to access the web configurator, click the Wizard icon ( ) in the top right corner of the web configurator to go to the Wizard. 2Click INTERNET/WIRELESS SETUP to configure the system for Internet access and wireless connection.3Select your Time Zone from the drop-down menu, and click Next.Figure 8 Wizard Welcome

Chapter 3 Internet / Wireless Setup WizardAMG1312-T Series User’s Guide28Enter your Internet access information in the wizard screen exactly as your service provider gave it to you. Leave the defaults in any fields for which you were not given information.4Configure the field and click Next to continue. See Section 3.2 on page 27 for wireless connection wizard setup. Figure 9 Internet Access Wizard Setup: IPoA ConfigurationThe following table describes the fields in this screen.Table 3 Internet Access Wizard Setup: IPoA ConfigurationLABEL DESCRIPTIONEncapsulation Select the encapsulation type your ISP uses from the Encapsulation drop-down list box: IPoA, ENET ENCAP, PPPoA, or PPPoE.Multiplex Select the multiplexing method used by your ISP from the Multiplex drop-down list box either VC-based or LLC-based. VPI Enter the Virtual Path Identifier (VPI) assigned to you. This field may already be configured.VCI Enter the Virtual Channel Identifier (VCI) assigned to you. This field may already be configured.IP Address Enter the IP address of the AMG1312-T Series. Default Gateway Enter the default gateway of the ZyXEL Device.Primary DNS ServerEnter the primary DNS server IP address for the AMG1312-T Series.Secondary DNS ServerEnter the secondary DNS server IP address for the AMG1312-T Series.Back Click this to return to the previous screen without saving.Next Click this to continue to the next wizard screen. The next wizard screen you see depends on what protocol you chose above. Exit Click this to close the wizard screen without saving.

Chapter 3 Internet / Wireless Setup WizardAMG1312-T Series User’s Guide 29Note: Virtual Path Identifier (VPI) and Virtual Channel Identifier (VCI) define a virtual circuit.Figure 10 Internet Connection with ENET ENCAPThe following table describes the fields in this screen.Table 4 Internet Connection with ENET ENCAPLABEL DESCRIPTIONEncapsulation Select the encapsulation type your ISP uses from the Encapsulation drop-down list box: IPoA, ENET ENCAP, PPPoA, or PPPoE.Multiplex Select the multiplexing method used by your ISP from the Multiplex drop-down list box either VC-based or LLC-based. VPI Enter the Virtual Path Identifier (VPI) assigned to you. This field may already be configured.VCI Enter the Virtual Channel Identifier (VCI) assigned to you. This field may already be configured.Select Yes to enter specific IP information from your Internet service provider. Enter your Internet access information exactly as your service provider gave it to you. IP Address Enter the IP address of the AMG1312-T Series. Subnet Mask Enter the subnet mask in dotted decimal notation. Refer to the appendix to calculate a subnet mask if you are implementing subnetting.Default Gateway You must specify a gateway IP address (supplied by your ISP) when you use ENET ENCAP in the Encapsulation field in the previous screen.Primary DNS Server Enter the primary DNS server IP address for the AMG1312-T Series.Secondary DNS ServerEnter the secondary DNS server IP address for the AMG1312-T Series.Back Click this to return to the previous screen without saving.Apply Click this to save your changes.Exit Click this to close the wizard screen without saving.

Chapter 3 Internet / Wireless Setup WizardAMG1312-T Series User’s Guide30Figure 11 Internet Connection with PPPoAThe following table describes the fields in this screen.Table 5 Internet Connection with PPPoALABEL DESCRIPTIONEncapsulation Select the encapsulation type your ISP uses from the Encapsulation drop-down list box: IPoA, ENET ENCAP, PPPoA, or PPPoE.User Name Enter the login name that your ISP gives you. Password Enter the password associated with the user name above.Multiplex Select the multiplexing method used by your ISP from the Multiplex drop-down list box either VC-based or LLC-based. VPI Enter the Virtual Path Identifier (VPI) assigned to you. This field may already be configured.VCI Enter the Virtual Channel Identifier (VCI) assigned to you. This field may already be configured.IP Address Enter the IP address of the AMG1312-T Series. Primary DNS Server Enter the primary DNS server IP address for the AMG1312-T Series.Secondary DNS ServerEnter the secondary DNS server IP address for the AMG1312-T Series.Back Click this to return to the previous screen without saving.Apply Click this to save your changes.Exit Click this to close the wizard screen without saving.

Chapter 3 Internet / Wireless Setup WizardAMG1312-T Series User’s Guide 31Figure 12 Internet Connection with PPPoEThe following table describes the fields in this screen.• If the user name and/or password you entered for PPPoE or PPPoA connection are not correct, you are prompted to enter the correct information.• If the Internet connection fails, check to see if your account is activated. Table 6 Internet Connection with PPPoELABEL DESCRIPTIONUser Name Enter the user name exactly as your ISP assigned. If assigned a name in the form user@domain where domain identifies a service name, then enter both components exactly as given.Password Enter the password associated with the user name above.Multiplex Select the multiplexing method used by your ISP from the Multiplex drop-down list box either VC-based or LLC-based. VPI Enter the Virtual Path Identifier (VPI) assigned to you. This field may already be configured.VCI Enter the Virtual Channel Identifier (VCI) assigned to you. This field may already be configured.Select Yes to enter specific IP information from your Internet service provider. Enter your Internet access information exactly as your service provider gave it to you. IP Address Enter the IP address of the AMG1312-T Series. Primary DNS ServerEnter the primary DNS server IP address for the AMG1312-T Series.Secondary DNS ServerEnter the secondary DNS server IP address for the AMG1312-T Series.Back Click this to return to the previous screen without saving.Apply Click this to save your changes. Exit Click this to close the wizard screen without saving.

Chapter 3 Internet / Wireless Setup WizardAMG1312-T Series User’s Guide32After you configure the Internet access information, use the following screen to set up your wireless LAN. 5Check the Wireless Service box to enable wireless connection on the ZyXEL device. 6Configure your wireless settings in this screen. Click Next.Figure 13 Wireless SetupThe following table describes the labels in this screen.Note: The wireless stations and AMG1312-T Series must use the same SSID and channel ID for wireless communication.7The configuration settings are saved and applied. Click Close to complete the Internet / Wireless setup. Table 7 Wireless SetupLABEL DESCRIPTIONWireless ServiceClick this to enable or disable wireless service on the ZyXEL device.Wireless Network Name(SSID)Enter a descriptive name (up to 32 printable 7-bit ASCII characters) for the wireless LAN. If you change this field on the AMG1312-T Series, make sure all wireless stations use the same SSID in order to access the network. Channel SelectionThe range of radio frequencies used by IEEE 802.11b/g wireless devices is called a channel. Select a channel ID that is not already in use by a neighboring device.Security Displays the security setting. To mofidy, see Section 7.2 on page 88.Pre-Shared KeyEnter a set of characters (8 to 63 characters or 64 hexadecimal digits [a-f, A-F, and 0-9]) for the shared security key.Back Click this to return to the previous screen without saving.Next Click this to continue to the next wizard screen.Exit Click this to close the wizard screen without saving.

Chapter 3 Internet / Wireless Setup WizardAMG1312-T Series User’s Guide 33Figure 14 Results Summary 8Launch your web browser and navigate to www.zyxel.com. Internet access is just the beginning. Refer to the rest of this guide for more detailed information on the complete range of AMG1312-T Series features. If you cannot access the Internet, open the web configurator again to confirm that the Internet settings you configured in the wizard setup are correct.

AMG1312-T Series User’s Guide 34CHAPTER 4Tutorials4.1 OverviewThis chapter shows you how to use the AMG1312-T Series’s various features.•Setting Up Your DSL Connection, see page 34•IPv6 Address Configuration, see page 36•Setting Up a Secure Wireless Network, see page 37•Configuring the MAC Address Filter for Restricting Wireless Internet Access, see page 44•Setting Up NAT Forwarding for a Game Server, see page 45•Setting Up NAT Forwarding for a Game Server, see page 45•Configuring Firewall Rules to Allow a Specified Service, see page 47•Configuring Static Route for Routing to Another Network, see page 50•Port Binding Configuration, see page 52•Configuring QoS to Prioritize Traffic, see page 56•Access the AMG1312-T Series from the Internet Using DDNS, see page 594.2 Setting Up Your DSL ConnectionThis tutorial shows you how to set up your Internet connection using the web configurator. If you connect to the Internet through a DSL connection, use the information from your Internet Service Provider (ISP) to configure the AMG1312-T Series. Do the following steps:1Connect the AMG1312-T Series properly. Refer to the Quick Start Guide for details on the AMG1312-T Series’s hardware connection. 2Connect one end of a DSL cable to the DSL port of your AMG1312-T Series. The other end should be connected to the DSL port in your house or a DSL router/modem provided by your ISP.3Connect one end of Ethernet cable to an Ethernet port on the AMG1312-T Series and the other end to a computer that you will use to access the web configuration.4Connect the AMG1312-T Series to a power source, turn it on and wait for the POWER LED to become a steady green.

Chapter 4 TutorialsAMG1312-T Series User’s Guide 35Account ConfigurationFor this example, the interface type is ADSL and the connection has the following information.GeneralMode RouterEncapsulation PPPoEUser Name 1234@DSL-Ex.comPassword ABCDEF!Service Name My DSLMultiplex LLCIPv6/IPv4 Dual Stack EnabledPPP Authentication AutoVPI 0VCI 33Others IP Address: Obtain IP Address AutomaticallyDNS Server: Obtained From ISPIPv6 Address: Obtain IPv6 Address AutomaticallyDHCP IPv6: DHCPDHCP PD: EnableWAN Identifier Type: EUI64

Chapter 4 TutorialsAMG1312-T Series User’s Guide36Go to Network Setting > Broadband, enter or select these values and click Apply.This completes your DSL WAN connection setting. 4.3 IPv6 Address ConfigurationIf the ISP’s network supports IPv6, the ISP may assign an IPv6 address to the AMG1312-T Series automatically.

Chapter 4 TutorialsAMG1312-T Series User’s Guide 37In the Network Setting > Broadband screen’s IPv6 Address configuration section, select Obtain an IP Address Automatically. In the DHCP IPv6 field select DHCP to obtain an IPv6 address from a DHCPv6 server. In the DHCP PD field select Enable to have the AMG1312-T Series pass the WAN prefix to LAN hosts. The LAN hosts can then use the prefix to generate their IPv6 addresses.4.4 Setting Up a Secure Wireless NetworkThomas wants to set up a wireless network so that he can use his notebook to access the Internet. In this wireless network, the AMG1312-T Series serves as an access point (AP), and the notebook is the wireless client. The wireless client can access the Internet through the AP.Thomas has to configure the wireless network settings on the AMG1312-T Series. Then he can set up a wireless network using WPS (Section 4.4.2 on page 38) or manual configuration (Section 4.4.3 on page 42).4.4.1 Configuring the Wireless Network SettingsThis example uses the following parameters to set up a wireless network. In the client, choose the AP with the SSID configured here. When prompted for a key, use the Pre-Shared Key configured here.IPv6IPv6IPv6SSID SecureWirelessNetworkSecurity Mode WPA2-PSKPre-Shared Key DoNotStealMyWirelessNetwork802.11 Mode 802.11b+g+n

Chapter 4 TutorialsAMG1312-T Series User’s Guide381Click Network Setting > Wireless to open the General screen. Configure the screen using the provided parameters (see page 37). Click Apply.2Click Network Setting > Wireless > Advanced and make sure 802.11b+g+n is selected in the 802.11 Mode field. Click Apply.Thomas can now use the WPS feature to establish a wireless connection between his notebook and the AMG1312-T Series (see Section 4.4.2 on page 38). He can also use the notebook’s wireless client to search for the AMG1312-T Series (see Section 4.4.3 on page 42).4.4.2 Using WPSThis section shows you how to set up a wireless network using WPS. WPS is a way to automatically set up a secure wireless network connection between an AP and a notebook. Limitations of using WPS are that is must be done two devices at a time and within two minutes. It uses the AMG1312-T Series as the AP and ZyXEL NWD210N as the wireless client which connects to the notebook. EXAMPLE

Chapter 4 TutorialsAMG1312-T Series User’s Guide 39Note: The wireless client must be a WPS-aware device (for example, a WPS USB adapter or PCMCIA card).There are two WPS methods to set up the wireless client settings:•Push Button Configuration (PBC) - simply press a button. This is the easier of the two methods.•PIN Configuration - configure a Personal Identification Number (PIN) on the AMG1312-T Series. A wireless client must also use the same PIN in order to download the wireless network settings from the AMG1312-T Series.Push Button Configuration (PBC)1Make sure that your AMG1312-T Series is turned on and your notebook is within the cover range of the wireless signal. 2Make sure that you have installed the wireless client driver and utility in your notebook.3Make sure wireless LAN is enabled and the wireless security mode is set to WPA-PSK2 or No Security in the Network Setting > Wireless > General screen.4In the wireless client utility, go to the WPS setting page. Enable WPS and press the WPS button (Start or WPS button).5Push and hold the WPS button on the AMG1312-T Series for 1-2 seconds. Alternatively, you may log into AMG1312-T Series’s web configuration, enable WPS and click the WPS button in the Network Setting > Wireless > WPS screen.Note: It doesn’t matter which button (on the client or the AMG1312-T Series) is pressed first. You must press the second button within two minutes of pressing the first one. The AMG1312-T Series sends the proper configuration settings to the wireless client. This may take up to two minutes. The wireless client is then able to communicate with the AMG1312-T Series securely.The following figure shows you an example of how to set up a wireless network and its security by pressing a button on both AMG1312-T Series and wireless client.

Chapter 4 TutorialsAMG1312-T Series User’s Guide40Example WPS Process: PBC MethodPIN ConfigurationWhen you use the PIN configuration method, you need to use both the AMG1312-T Series’s web config ur at or and the wireless client’s utility.1Launch your wireless client’s configuration utility. Go to the WPS settings and select the PIN method to get a PIN number. 2Enter the PIN number in the PIN section in the Network Setting > Wireless > WPS screen on the AMG1312-T Series. Wireless Client The DeviceSECURITY INFOCOMMUNICATIONWITHIN 2 MINUTESPress and hold for 5 seconds

Chapter 4 TutorialsAMG1312-T Series User’s Guide 413Click the Start and Register buttons (or the button next to the PIN field) on both the wireless client utility screen and the AMG1312-T Series’s WPS screen within two minutes. The AMG1312-T Series authenticates the wireless client and sends the proper configuration settings to the wireless client. This may take up to two minutes. The wireless client is then able to communicate with the AMG1312-T Series securely. The following figure shows you how to set up a wireless network and its security on a AMG1312-T Series and a wireless client by using PIN method.

Chapter 4 TutorialsAMG1312-T Series User’s Guide42Example WPS Process: PIN Method4.4.3 Connecting Wirelessly to your AMG1312-T SeriesThis section describes how to connect wirelessly to your AMG1312-T Series. The connection procedure is shown here using Windows XP as an example. 1Right-click the wireless adapter icon which appears in the bottom right of your computer monitor. Click View Available Wireless Networks. Authentication by PINSECURITY INFOWITHIN 2 MINUTESWireless ClientThe DeviceCOMMUNICATION

Chapter 4 TutorialsAMG1312-T Series User’s Guide 43Tutorial: Status2Select the AMG1312-T Series’s SSID name and click Connect (A). The SSID “SecureWirelessNetwork” is given here as an example. Tutorial: Status3You are prompted to enter a password. Enter it and click Connect. Tutorial: Status4You may have to wait several minutes while your computer connects to the wireless network.5You should now be securely connected wirelessly to the AMG1312-T Series. Tutorial: StatusA

Chapter 4 TutorialsAMG1312-T Series User’s Guide44Congratulations! Your computer is now ready to connect to the Internet wirelessly through your AMG1312-T Series. Note: If you cannot connect wirelessly to the AMG1312-T Series, check you have selected the correct SSID and entered the correct security key. If that does not work, ensure your wireless network adapter is enabled by clicking on the wireless adapter icon and clicking Enable.4.5 Configuring the MAC Address Filter for Restricting Wireless Internet AccessThomas noticed that his daughter Josephine spends too much time surfing the web and downloading media files. He decided to prevent Josephine from accessing the Internet so that she can concentrate on preparing for her final exams.Josephine’s computer connects wirelessly to the Internet through the AMG1312-T Series. Thomas can deny access to the wireless network using the MAC address of Josephine’s computer.1 Check the MAC address (physical address) of the wireless card on Josephine’s computer using the “ipconfig /all” command in a Command Prompt.ThomasJosephine

$Chapter 4 TutorialsAMG1312-T Series User’s Guide 452Click Network Setting > Wireless > MAC Authentication. Select the wireless network in the SSID field and then Deny in the MAC Restrict Mode field.3Enter the MAC address that you want to deny. Click OK.Josephine will no longer be able to access the Internet wirelessly through the AMG1312-T Series.4.6 Setting Up NAT Forwarding for a Game ServerThomas manages a Doom server on a computer behind the AMG1312-T Series. In order for players on the Internet (like A in the figure below) coming through the default WAN connection (PVC0) to communicate with the Doom server, Thomas can use port forwarding.C:\>ipconfig /allEthernet adapter Wireless Network Connection: Media State . . . . . . . . . . . : Media connected Description . . . . . . . . . . . : Wireless USB Adapter Physical Address. . . . . . . . . : 00-1E-52-C3-5C-1B---------------------------SNAP!--------------------------------EXAMPLE$