ZyXEL Communications B500 Wireless LAN Access Point User Manual P650H 17 ADSL Router User s Guide

ZyXEL Communications Corporation Wireless LAN Access Point P650H 17 ADSL Router User s Guide

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Users Manual 1

ZyAIR B-500 Wireless Access Point User's Guide Version 3.50 November 2003 BETA DRAFT

ZyAIR B-500 Wireless Access Point User’s Guide ii Copyright Copyright Copyright © 2003 by ZyXEL Communications Corporation. The contents of this publication may not be reproduced in any part or as a whole, transcribed, stored in a retrieval system, translated into any language, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, magnetic, optical, chemical, photocopying, manual, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of ZyXEL Communications Corporation. Published by ZyXEL Communications Corporation. All rights reserved. Disclaimer ZyXEL does not assume any liability arising out of the application or use of any products, or software described herein. Neither does it convey any license under its patent rights nor the patent rights of others. ZyXEL further reserves the right to make changes in any products described herein without notice. This publication is subject to change without notice. Trademarks ZyNOS (ZyXEL Network Operating System) is a registered trademark of ZyXEL Communications, Inc. Other trademarks mentioned in this publication are used for identification purposes only and may be properties of their respective owners.

ZyAIR B-500 Wireless Access Point User’s Guide FCC Statement iii Federal Communications Commission (FCC) Interference Statement This device complies with Part 15 of FCC rules. Operation is subject to the following two conditions: • This device may not cause harmful interference. • This device must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired operations. This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a commercial environment. This equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy, and if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio/television reception, which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on, the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures: 1. Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna. 2. Increase the separation between the equipment and the receiver. 3. Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is connected. 4. Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for help. Caution 1. To comply with FCC RF exposure compliance requirements, a separation distance of at least 20 cm must be maintained between the antenna of this device and all persons. 2. This transmitter must not be co-located or operating in conjunction with any other antenna or transmitter. Notice 1 Changes or modifications not expressly approved by the party responsible for compliance could void the user's authority to operate the equipment. Certifications Refer to the product page at www.zyxel.com.

ZyAIR B-500 Wireless Access Point User’s Guide iv ZyXEL Warranty ZyXEL Limited Warranty ZyXEL warrants to the original end user (purchaser) that this product is free from any defects in materials or workmanship for a period of up to two years from the date of purchase. During the warranty period, and upon proof of purchase, should the product have indications of failure due to faulty workmanship and/or materials, ZyXEL will, at its discretion, repair or replace the defective products or components without charge for either parts or labor, and to whatever extent it shall deem necessary to restore the product or components to proper operating condition. Any replacement will consist of a new or re-manufactured functionally equivalent product of equal value, and will be solely at the discretion of ZyXEL. This warranty shall not apply if the product is modified, misused, tampered with, damaged by an act of God, or subjected to abnormal working conditions. Note Repair or replacement, as provided under this warranty, is the exclusive remedy of the purchaser. This warranty is in lieu of all other warranties, express or implied, including any implied warranty of merchantability or fitness for a particular use or purpose. ZyXEL shall in no event be held liable for indirect or consequential damages of any kind of character to the purchaser. To obtain the services of this warranty, contact ZyXEL's Service Center for your Return Material Authorization number (RMA). Products must be returned Postage Prepaid. It is recommended that the unit be insured when shipped. Any returned products without proof of purchase or those with an out-dated warranty will be repaired or replaced (at the discretion of ZyXEL) and the customer will be billed for parts and labor. All repaired or replaced products will be shipped by ZyXEL to the corresponding return address, Postage Paid. This warranty gives you specific legal rights, and you may also have other rights that vary from country to country. Safety Warnings 1. To reduce the risk of fire, use only No. 26 AWG or larger telephone wire. 2. Do not use this product near water, for example, in a wet basement or near a swimming pool. 3. Avoid using this product during an electrical storm. There may be a remote risk of electric shock from lightening.

ZyAIR B-500 Wireless Access Point User’s Guide Customer Support v Customer Support Please have the following information ready when you contact customer support. • Product model and serial number. • Warranty Information. • Date that you received your device. • Brief description of the problem and the steps you took to solve it. METHOD LOCATION E-MAIL SUPPORT/SALES TELEPHONE/FAX WEB SITE/ FTP SITE REGULAR MAIL support@zyxel.com.tw +886-3-578-3942 www.zyxel.com www.europe.zyxel.com ftp.zyxel.com WORLDWIDE sales@zyxel.com.tw +886-3-578-2439 ftp.europe.zyxel.com ZyXEL Communications Corp., 6 Innovation Road II, Science-Based Industrial Park, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan. support@zyxel.com +1-800-255-4101 www.us.zyxel.com NORTH AMERICA sales@zyxel.com +1-714-632-0858 ftp.us.zyxel.com ZyXEL Communications Inc., 1130 N. Miller St. Anaheim, CA 92806, U.S.A. support@zyxel.dk +45-3955-0700 www.zyxel.dk SCANDINAVIA sales@zyxel.dk +45-3955-0707 ftp.zyxel.dk ZyXEL Communications A/S, Columbusvej 5, 2860 Soeborg, Denmark. support@zyxel.de +49-2405-6909-0 www.zyxel.de GERMANY sales@zyxel.de +49-2405-6909-99 ZyXEL Deutschland GmbH. Adenauerstr. 20/A2 D-52146 Wuerselen, Germany

ZyAIR B-500 Wireless Access Point User’s Guide vi Table of Contents Table of Contents Copyright......................................................................................................................................................... ii Federal Communications Commission (FCC) Interference Statement.....................................................iii ZyXEL Limited Warranty ............................................................................................................................ iv Customer Support........................................................................................................................................... v List of Figures ................................................................................................................................................. x List of Tables ................................................................................................................................................xiii Preface ........................................................................................................................................................... xv OVERVIEW.....................................................................................................................................................I Chapter 1 Getting to Know Your ZyAIR...................................................................................................1-1 1.1 Introducing the ZyAIR Wireless Access Point ..........................................................................1-1 1.2 ZyAIR Features..........................................................................................................................1-1 1.3 Applications for the ZyAIR .......................................................................................................1-4 1.3.1 Internet Access Application ...............................................................................................1-4 1.3.2 Corporation Network Application......................................................................................1-4 Chapter 2 Introducing the Web Configurator ..........................................................................................2-1 2.1 Accessing the ZyAIR Web Configurator...................................................................................2-1 2.2 Resetting the ZyAIR ..................................................................................................................2-2 2.2.1 Method of Restoring Factory-Defaults ..............................................................................2-2 2.3 Navigating the ZyAIR Web Configurator..................................................................................2-3 Chapter 3 Wizard Setup..............................................................................................................................3-1 3.1 Wizard Setup Overview .............................................................................................................3-1 3.1.1 Channel ..............................................................................................................................3-1 3.1.2 ESS ID ...............................................................................................................................3-1 3.1.3 WEP Encryption ................................................................................................................3-1 3.2 Wizard Setup: General Setup.....................................................................................................3-2 3.3 Wizard Setup: Wireless LAN ....................................................................................................3-3 3.4 Wizard Setup: IP Address..........................................................................................................3-4 3.4.1 IP Address Assignment......................................................................................................3-5 3.4.2 IP Address and Subnet Mask .............................................................................................3-5 3.5 Basic Setup Complete ................................................................................................................3-7 SYSTEM, WIRELESS AND IP.................................................................................................................... II Chapter 4 System Screens ...........................................................................................................................4-1 4.1 System Overview.......................................................................................................................4-1 4.2 Configuring General Setup ........................................................................................................4-1 4.3 Configuring Password................................................................................................................4-2 4.4 Configuring Time Setting ..........................................................................................................4-3 Chapter 5 Wireless Configuration and Roaming......................................................................................5-1 5.1 Wireless LAN Overview............................................................................................................5-1 5.1.1 IBSS...................................................................................................................................5-1

ZyAIR B-500 Wireless Access Point User’s Guide Table of Contents vii 5.1.2 BSS.....................................................................................................................................5-1 5.1.3 ESS.....................................................................................................................................5-2 5.2 Wireless LAN Basics .................................................................................................................5-3 5.2.1 RTS/CTS............................................................................................................................5-3 5.2.2 Fragmentation Threshold ...................................................................................................5-4 5.3 Configuring Wireless .................................................................................................................5-5 5.4 Configuring Roaming.................................................................................................................5-6 5.4.1 Requirements for Roaming ................................................................................................5-8 Chapter 6 Wireless Security ........................................................................................................................6-1 6.1 Wireless Security Overview.......................................................................................................6-1 6.2 WEP Overview...........................................................................................................................6-1 6.2.1 Data Encryption .................................................................................................................6-1 6.2.2 Authentication ....................................................................................................................6-2 6.3 Configuring WEP Encryption ....................................................................................................6-3 6.4 MAC Filter.................................................................................................................................6-4 6.5 802.1x Overview........................................................................................................................6-6 6.6 Introduction to RADIUS ............................................................................................................6-6 6.6.1 EAP Authentication Overview...........................................................................................6-7 6.7 Dynamic WEP Key Exchange ...................................................................................................6-8 6.8 Introduction to Local User Database..........................................................................................6-9 6.9 Configuring 802.1x ....................................................................................................................6-9 6.10 Configuring Local User Database ............................................................................................6-11 6.11 Configuring RADIUS ..............................................................................................................6-13 Chapter 7 IP Screen .....................................................................................................................................7-1 7.1 Factory Ethernet Defaults...........................................................................................................7-1 7.2 TCP/IP Parameters .....................................................................................................................7-1 7.2.1 IP Address and Subnet Mask..............................................................................................7-1 7.3 Configuring IP............................................................................................................................7-1 LOGS ............................................................................................................................................................ III Chapter 8 Logs Screens ...............................................................................................................................8-1 8.1 Configuring View Log ...............................................................................................................8-1 8.2 Configuring Log Settings ...........................................................................................................8-2 MAINTENANCE......................................................................................................................................... IV Chapter 9 Maintenance ...............................................................................................................................9-1 9.1 Maintenance Overview ..............................................................................................................9-1 9.2 System Status Screen .................................................................................................................9-1 9.2.1 System Statistics.................................................................................................................9-2 9.3 Wireless Screen..........................................................................................................................9-3 9.3.1 Association List..................................................................................................................9-3 9.3.2 Channel Usage ...................................................................................................................9-4 9.4 F/W Upload Screen ....................................................................................................................9-6

ZyAIR B-500 Wireless Access Point User’s Guide viii Table of Contents 9.5 Configuration Screen .................................................................................................................9-8 9.5.1 Backup Configuration........................................................................................................9-8 9.5.2 Restore Configuration........................................................................................................9-9 9.5.3 Back to Factory Defaults..................................................................................................9-11 SMT CONFIGURATION ............................................................................................................................. V Chapter 10 Introducing the SMT .............................................................................................................10-1 10.1 Connect to your ZyAIR Using Telnet......................................................................................10-1 10.2 Changing the System Password ...............................................................................................10-1 10.3 ZyAIR SMT Menu Overview Example ...................................................................................10-2 10.4 Navigating the SMT Interface..................................................................................................10-4 10.4.1 System Management Terminal Interface Summary.........................................................10-5 Chapter 11 General Setup......................................................................................................................... 11-1 11.1 General Setup...........................................................................................................................11-1 11.1.1 Procedure To Configure Menu 1......................................................................................11-1 Chapter 12 LAN Setup ..............................................................................................................................12-1 12.1 LAN Setup ...............................................................................................................................12-1 12.2 TCP/IP Ethernet Setup.............................................................................................................12-1 12.3 Wireless LAN Setup ................................................................................................................12-2 12.3.1 Configuring MAC Address Filter ....................................................................................12-5 12.3.2 Configuring Roaming ......................................................................................................12-7 Chapter 13 Dial-in User Setup..................................................................................................................13-1 13.1 Dial-in User Setup ...................................................................................................................13-1 Chapter 14 SNMP Configuration .............................................................................................................14-1 14.1 About SNMP............................................................................................................................14-1 14.2 Supported MIBs.......................................................................................................................14-2 14.3 SNMP Configuration ...............................................................................................................14-2 14.4 SNMP Traps ............................................................................................................................14-3 Chapter 15 System Security......................................................................................................................15-1 15.1 System Security .......................................................................................................................15-1 15.1.1 System Password .............................................................................................................15-1 15.1.2 Configuring External RADIUS Server ............................................................................15-1 15.1.3 802.1x ..............................................................................................................................15-3 Chapter 16 System Information and Diagnosis.......................................................................................16-1 16.1 Overview..................................................................................................................................16-1 16.2 System Status...........................................................................................................................16-1 16.3 System Information..................................................................................................................16-3 16.3.1 System Information..........................................................................................................16-3 16.3.2 Console Port Speed..........................................................................................................16-4 16.4 Log and Trace ..........................................................................................................................16-5 16.4.1 Viewing Error Log...........................................................................................................16-5 16.5 Diagnostic ................................................................................................................................16-5

ZyAIR B-500 Wireless Access Point User’s Guide Table of Contents ix Chapter 17 Firmware and Configuration File Maintenance..................................................................17-1 17.1 Filename Conventions..............................................................................................................17-1 17.2 Backup Configuration ..............................................................................................................17-2 17.2.1 Backup Configuration Using FTP....................................................................................17-2 17.2.2 Using the FTP command from the DOS Prompt..............................................................17-3 17.2.3 Backup Configuration Using TFTP .................................................................................17-4 17.2.4 Example: TFTP Command...............................................................................................17-4 17.3 Restore Configuration ..............................................................................................................17-5 17.4 Uploading Firmware and Configuration Files..........................................................................17-6 17.4.1 Firmware Upload .............................................................................................................17-7 17.4.2 Configuration File Upload ...............................................................................................17-7 17.4.3 Using the FTP command from the DOS Prompt Example...............................................17-8 17.4.4 TFTP File Upload ............................................................................................................17-9 17.4.5 Example: TFTP Command.............................................................................................17-10 Chapter 18 System Maintenance and Information .................................................................................18-1 18.1 Command Interpreter Mode.....................................................................................................18-1 18.2 Time and Date Setting..............................................................................................................18-2 18.2.1 Resetting the Time ...........................................................................................................18-3 APPENDICES .............................................................................................................................................. VI Appendix A Troubleshooting......................................................................................................................A-1 Problems Starting Up the ZyAIR .........................................................................................................A-1 Problems with the Ethernet Interface ...................................................................................................A-1 Problems with the Password.................................................................................................................A-2 Problems with Telnet ...........................................................................................................................A-2 Problems with the WLAN Interface.....................................................................................................A-3 Appendix B Brute-Force Password Guessing Protection ........................................................................B-1 Appendix C Setting up Your Computer’s IP Address..............................................................................C-1 Appendix D Wireless LAN and IEEE 802.11............................................................................................D-1 Appendix E Wireless LAN With IEEE 802.1x..........................................................................................E-1 Appendix F Types of EAP Authentication................................................................................................. F-1 Appendix G IP Subnetting......................................................................................................................... G-1 Appendix H Command Interpreter.......................................................................................................... H-1 Appendix I Log Descriptions....................................................................................................................... I-1 Appendix J Index .........................................................................................................................................J-1

ZyAIR B-500 Wireless Access Point User’s Guide x List of Figures List of Figures Figure 1-1 Internet Access Application...........................................................................................................1-4 Figure 1-2 Corporation Network Application .................................................................................................1-5 Figure 2-1 Change Password Screen ..............................................................................................................2-1 Figure 2-2 Navigating the ZyAIR Web Configurator .....................................................................................2-3 Figure 3-1 Wizard 1 : General Setup ..............................................................................................................3-2 Figure 3-2 Wizard 2 : Wireless LAN Setup ....................................................................................................3-3 Figure 3-3 Wizard 3 : IP Address Assignment ................................................................................................3-6 Figure 4-1 System General Setup ...................................................................................................................4-1 Figure 4-2 Password .......................................................................................................................................4-3 Figure 4-3 Time Setting ..................................................................................................................................4-4 Figure 5-1 IBSS (Ad-hoc) Wireless LAN.......................................................................................................5-1 Figure 5-2 Basic Service set ...........................................................................................................................5-2 Figure 5-3 Extended Service Set.....................................................................................................................5-3 Figure 5-4 RTS/CTS .......................................................................................................................................5-4 Figure 5-5 Wireless.........................................................................................................................................5-5 Figure 5-6 Roaming Example.........................................................................................................................5-7 Figure 5-7 Roaming........................................................................................................................................5-8 Figure 6-1 ZyAIR Wireless Security Levels...................................................................................................6-1 Figure 6-2 WEP Authentication Steps ............................................................................................................6-2 Figure 6-3 Wireless.........................................................................................................................................6-3 Figure 6-4 MAC Address Filter ......................................................................................................................6-5 Figure 6-5 EAP Authentication.......................................................................................................................6-8 Figure 6-6 802.1x Authentication ...................................................................................................................6-9 Figure 6-7 Local User Database ...................................................................................................................6-12 Figure 6-8 RADIUS......................................................................................................................................6-13 Figure 7-1 IP Setup .........................................................................................................................................7-2 Figure 8-1 View Log.......................................................................................................................................8-1 Figure 8-2 Log Settings ..................................................................................................................................8-3 Figure 9-1 System Status ................................................................................................................................9-1 Figure 9-2 System Status: Show Statistics......................................................................................................9-2 Figure 9-3 Association List.............................................................................................................................9-4 Figure 9-4 Channel Usage ..............................................................................................................................9-5 Figure 9-5 Firmware Upload ..........................................................................................................................9-6 Figure 9-6 Firmware Upload In Process.........................................................................................................9-7 Figure 9-7 Network Temporarily Disconnected..............................................................................................9-7 Figure 9-8 Firmware Upload Error.................................................................................................................9-8 Figure 9-9 Backup Configuration ...................................................................................................................9-9 Figure 9-10 Restore Configuration .................................................................................................................9-9 Figure 9-11 Configuration Upload Successful..............................................................................................9-10

ZyAIR B-500 Wireless Access Point User’s Guide List of Figures xi Figure 9-12 Network Temporarily Disconnected......................................................................................... 9-10 Figure 9-13 Configuration Upload Error ......................................................................................................9-11 Figure 9-14 Back to Factory Default............................................................................................................ 9-12 Figure 9-15 Reset Warning Message............................................................................................................ 9-12 Figure 10-1 Login Screen ............................................................................................................................ 10-1 Figure 10-2 Menu 23.1 System Security : Change Password ...................................................................... 10-2 Figure 10-3 ZyAIR B-500 SMT Menu Overview Example......................................................................... 10-3 Figure 10-4 ZyAIR B-500 SMT Main Menu............................................................................................... 10-5 Figure 11-1 Menu 1 General Setup ...............................................................................................................11-1 Figure 12-1 Menu 3 LAN Setup .................................................................................................................. 12-1 Figure 12-2 Menu 3.2 TCP/IP Setup............................................................................................................ 12-1 Figure 12-3 Menu 3.5 Wireless LAN Setup................................................................................................. 12-3 Figure 12-4 Menu 3.5 Wireless LAN Setup................................................................................................. 12-5 Figure 12-5 Menu 3.5.1 WLAN MAC Address Filter ................................................................................. 12-6 Figure 12-6 Menu 3.5 Wireless LAN Setup................................................................................................. 12-7 Figure 12-7 Menu 3.5.2 Roaming Configuration......................................................................................... 12-7 Figure 13-1 Menu 14- Dial-in User Setup ................................................................................................... 13-1 Figure 13-2 Menu 14.1- Edit Dial-in User................................................................................................... 13-1 Figure 14-1 SNMP Management Model ...................................................................................................... 14-1 Figure 14-2 Menu 22 SNMP Configuration................................................................................................. 14-3 Figure 15-1 Menu 23 System Security......................................................................................................... 15-1 Figure 15-2 Menu 23 System Security......................................................................................................... 15-1 Figure 15-3 Menu 23.2 System Security : RADIUS Server ........................................................................ 15-2 Figure 15-4 Menu 23 System Security......................................................................................................... 15-3 Figure 15-5 Menu 23.4 System Security : IEEE802.1x ............................................................................... 15-4 Figure 16-1 Menu 24 System Maintenance ................................................................................................. 16-1 Figure 16-2 Menu 24.1 System Maintenance : Status.................................................................................. 16-2 Figure 16-3 Menu 24.2 System Information and Console Port Speed......................................................... 16-3 Figure 16-4 Menu 24.2.1 System Information : Information....................................................................... 16-3 Figure 16-5 Menu 24.2.2 System Maintenance : Change Console Port Speed............................................ 16-4 Figure 16-6 Menu 24.3 System Maintenance : Log and Trace .................................................................... 16-5 Figure 16-7 Sample Error and Information Messages ................................................................................. 16-5 Figure 16-8 Menu 24.4 System Maintenance : Diagnostic .......................................................................... 16-6 Figure 17-1 Menu 24.5 Backup Configuration ............................................................................................ 17-2 Figure 17-2 FTP Session Example............................................................................................................... 17-3 Figure 17-3 Menu 24.6 Restore Configuration ............................................................................................ 17-6 Figure 17-4 Menu 24.7 System Maintenance : Upload Firmware ............................................................... 17-6 Figure 17-5 Menu 24.7.1 System Maintenance : Upload System Firmware................................................ 17-7 Figure 17-6 Menu 24.7.2 System Maintenance : Upload System Configuration File.................................. 17-8 Figure 17-7 FTP Session Example............................................................................................................... 17-9 Figure 18-1 Menu 24 System Maintenance ................................................................................................. 18-1

ZyAIR B-500 Wireless Access Point User’s Guide xii List of Figures Figure 18-2 Valid CI Commands ..................................................................................................................18-1 Figure 18-3 Menu 24.10 System Maintenance : Time and Date Setting ......................................................18-2

ZyAIR B-500 Wireless Access Point User’s Guide List of Tables xiii List of Tables Table 3-1 Wizard 1 : General Setup ............................................................................................................... 3-2 Table 3-2 Wizard 2 : Wireless LAN Setup ..................................................................................................... 3-3 Table 3-3 Private IP Address Ranges ............................................................................................................. 3-5 Table 3-4 Wizard 3 : IP Address Assignment................................................................................................. 3-6 Table 4-1 System General Setup .................................................................................................................... 4-2 Table 4-2 Password ........................................................................................................................................ 4-3 Table 4-3 Time Setting................................................................................................................................... 4-4 Table 5-1 Wireless.......................................................................................................................................... 5-6 Table 5-2 Roaming......................................................................................................................................... 5-9 Table 6-1 Wireless.......................................................................................................................................... 6-4 Table 6-2 MAC Address Filter....................................................................................................................... 6-6 Table 6-3 802.1x Authentication .................................................................................................................. 6-10 Table 6-4 Local User Database .................................................................................................................... 6-13 Table 6-5 RADIUS....................................................................................................................................... 6-14 Table 7-1 IP Setup.......................................................................................................................................... 7-2 Table 8-1 View Log........................................................................................................................................ 8-2 Table 8-2 Log Settings ................................................................................................................................... 8-4 Table 9-1 System Status ................................................................................................................................. 9-1 Table 9-2 System Status: Show Statistics....................................................................................................... 9-2 Table 9-3 Association List.............................................................................................................................. 9-4 Table 9-4 Channel Usage ............................................................................................................................... 9-5 Table 9-5 Firmware Upload ........................................................................................................................... 9-7 Table 9-6 Restore Configuration.................................................................................................................. 9-10 Table 10-1 Main Menu Commands.............................................................................................................. 10-4 Table 10-2 Main Menu Summary ................................................................................................................ 10-5 Table 11-1 Menu 1 General Setup.................................................................................................................11-2 Table 12-1 Menu 3.2 TCP/IP Setup ............................................................................................................. 12-2 Table 12-2 Menu 3.5 Wireless LAN Setup .................................................................................................. 12-3 Table 12-3 Menu 3.5.1 WLAN MAC Address Filter...................................................................................12-6 Table 12-4 Menu 3.5.2 Roaming Configuration .......................................................................................... 12-8 Table 13-1 Menu 14.1- Edit Dial-in User..................................................................................................... 13-2 Table 14-1 Menu 22 SNMP Configuration .................................................................................................. 14-3 Table 14-2 SNMP Traps............................................................................................................................... 14-4 Table 14-3 Ports and Interface Types ........................................................................................................... 14-4 Table 15-1 Menu 23.2 System Security : RADIUS Server .......................................................................... 15-2 Table 15-2 Menu 23.4 System Security : IEEE802.1x................................................................................. 15-4 Table 16-1 Menu 24.1 System Maintenance : Status ................................................................................... 16-2 Table 16-2 Menu 24.2.1 System Maintenance : Information ....................................................................... 16-4 Table 16-3 Menu 24.4 System Maintenance Menu : Diagnostic ................................................................. 16-6

ZyAIR B-500 Wireless Access Point User’s Guide xiv List of Tables Table 17-1 Filename Conventions ................................................................................................................17-2 Table 17-2 General Commands for Third Party FTP Clients........................................................................17-3 Table 17-3 General Commands for Third Party TFTP Clients .....................................................................17-5 Table 18-1 Menu 24.10 System Maintenance : Time and Date Setting ........................................................18-3

ZyAIR B-500 Wireless Access Point User’s Guide Preface xv Preface Congratulations on your purchase from the ZyAIR B-500 Wireless Access Point. An access point (AP) acts as a bridge between the wireless and wired networks, extending your existing wired network without any additional wiring. This User’s Guide is designed to guide you through the configuration of your ZyAIR using the web configurator or the SMT. Use the web configurator, System Management Terminal (SMT) or command interpreter interface to configure your ZyAIR. Not all features can be configured through all interfaces. The web configurator parts of this guide contain background information on features configurable by the web configurator and the SMT. The SMT parts of this guide contain background information solely on features not configurable by the web configurator. Don’t forget to register your product online for free future product updates and information at www.zyxel.com for global products, or at www.us.zyxel.com for North American products. Related Documentation  Supporting Disk Refer to the included CD for support documents.  Quick Installation Guide Our Quick Installation Guide is designed to help you get up and running right away. It contains information on the configuration of key features and hardware connections and installation.  ZyXEL Web Site The ZyXEL download library at www.zyxel.com contains additional support documentation. Please also refer to www.zyxel.com for an online glossary of networking terms. Syntax Conventions • “Enter” means for you to type one or more characters (and press the carriage return). “Select” or “Choose” means for you to use one predefined choices. • Enter, or carriage return, key; [ESC] means the escape key and [SPACE BAR] means the space bar. [UP] and [DOWN] are the up and down arrow keys.

ZyAIR B-500 Wireless Access Point User’s Guide xvi Preface • Mouse action sequences are denoted using a comma. For example, “click the Apple icon, Control Panels and then Modem” means first click the Apple icon, then point your mouse pointer to Control Panels and then click Modem. • For brevity’s sake, we will use “e.g.,” as a shorthand for “for instance”, and “i.e.,” for “that is” or “in other words” throughout this manual. • The ZyAIR B-500 Wireless Access Point may be referred to simply as the ZyAIR in the user’s guide. User Guide Feedback Help us help you. E-mail all User Guide-related comments, questions or suggestions for improvement to techwriters@zyxel.com.tw or send regular mail to The Technical Writing Team, ZyXEL Communications Corp., 6 Innovation Road II, Science-Based Industrial Park, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan. Thank you.

Overview I PPaarrtt II:: OVERVIEW This part introduces the main features and applications of ZyAIR and shows how to access the web configurator and use the Wizard to setup the ZyAIR.

ZyAIR B-500 Wireless Access Point User’s Guide Getting to Know Your ZyAIR 1-1 Chapter 1 Getting to Know Your ZyAIR This chapter introduces the main features and applications of the ZyAIR. 1.1 Introducing the ZyAIR Wireless Access Point The ZyAIR extends the range of your existing wired network without any additional wiring efforts. The ZyAIR provides easy network access to mobile users. The ZyAIR offers highly secured wireless connectivity to your wired network with IEEE 802.1x, WEP data encryption and MAC address filtering. The ZyAIR is easy to install and configure. The embedded web-based configurator and SNMP network management enables remote configuration and management of your ZyAIR. 1.2 ZyAIR Features The following sections describe the features of the ZyAIR. 10/100M Auto-negotiating Ethernet/Fast Ethernet Interface This auto-negotiating feature allows the ZyAIR to detect the speed of incoming transmissions and adjust appropriately without manual intervention. It allows data transfer of either 10 Mbps or 100 Mbps in either half-duplex or full-duplex mode depending on your Ethernet network. 10/100M Auto-crossover Ethernet/Fast Ethernet Interface The LAN interface automatically adjusts to either a crossover or straight-through Ethernet cable. Reset Button The ZyAIR reset button is built into the top panel. Use this button to restore the factory default password to 1234; IP address to 192.168.1.2, subnet mask to 255.255.255.0. Brute-Force Password Guessing Protection The ZyAIR has a special protection mechanism to discourage brute-force password guessing attacks on the ZyAIR's management interfaces. You can specify a wait-time that must expire before entering a fourth password after three incorrect passwords have been entered. Please see the appendix for details about this feature.

ZyAIR B-500 Wireless Access Point User’s Guide 1-2 Getting to Know Your ZyAIR 802.11b Wireless LAN Standard ZyAIR products containing the letter “B” in the model name, such as ZyAIR B-1000, ZyAIR B-500, comply with the 802.11b wireless standard. The 802.11b data rate and corresponding modulation techniques are as follows. The modulation technique defines how bits are encoded onto radio waves. 802.11b Data Rate (Mbps) Modulation 1 DBPSK (Differential Binary Phase Shift Keyed) 2 DQPSK (Differential Quadrature Phase Shift Keying) 5.5 / 11 CCK (Complementary Code Keying) The ZyAIR may be prone to RF (Radio Frequency) interference from other 2.4 GHz devices such as microwave ovens, wireless phones, Bluetooth enabled devices, and other wireless LANs. Output Power Management Output Power Management is the ability to set the level of output power. There may be interference or difficulty with channel assignment when there is a high density of APs within a coverage area. In this case you can lower the output power of each access point, thus enabling you to place access points closer together. Limit the number of Client Connections You may set a maximum number of wireless stations that may connect to the ZyAIR. This may be necessary if for example, there is interference or difficulty with channel assignment due to a high density of APs within a coverage area. SSL Passthrough SSL (Secure Sockets Layer) uses a public key to encrypt data that's transmitted over an SSL connection. Both Netscape Navigator and Internet Explorer support SSL, and many Web sites use the protocol to obtain confidential user information, such as credit card numbers. By convention, URLs that require an SSL connection start with “https” instead of “http”. The ZyAIR allows SSL connections to take place through the ZyAIR. Wireless LAN MAC Address Filtering Your ZyAIR checks the MAC address of the wireless station against a list of allowed or denied MAC addresses.

ZyAIR B-500 Wireless Access Point User’s Guide 1-4 Getting to Know Your ZyAIR 1.3 Applications for the ZyAIR Here are some application examples of what you can do with your ZyAIR. 1.3.1 Internet Access Application The ZyAIR is an ideal access solution for wireless Internet connection. A typical Internet access application for your ZyAIR is shown as follows. Figure 1-1 Internet Access Application 1.3.2 Corporation Network Application In situations where users are always on the move in the coverage area but still need access to corporate network access, the ZyAIR is an ideal solution for wireless stations to connect to the corporate network without expensive network cabling. The following figure depicts a typical application of the ZyAIR in an enterprise environment. The three computers with wireless adapters are allowed to access the network resource through the ZyAIR after account validation by the network authentication server.

ZyAIR B-500 Wireless Access Point User’s Guide Getting to Know Your ZyAIR 1-5 Figure 1-2 Corporation Network Application

ZyAIR B-500 Wireless Access Point User’s Guide Introducing the Web Configurator 2-1 Chapter 2 Introducing the Web Configurator This chapter describes how to access the ZyAIR web configurator and provides an overview of its screens. The default IP address of the ZyAIR is 192.168.1.2. 2.1 Accessing the ZyAIR Web Configurator Step 1. Make sure your ZyAIR hardware is properly connected (refer to the Quick Installation Guide). Step 2. Prepare your computer/computer network to connect to the ZyAIR (refer to the appendix). Step 3. Launch your web browser. Step 4. Type "192.168.1.2" (default) as the URL. Step 5. Type "1234" (default) as the password and click Login. In some versions, the default password appears automatically - if this is the case, click Login. Step 6. You should see a screen asking you to change your password (highly recommended) as shown next. Type a new password (and retype it to confirm) and click Apply or click Ignore to allow access without password change. Figure 2-1 Change Password Screen Step 7. You should now see the SYSTEM screen.

ZyAIR B-500 Wireless Access Point User’s Guide 2-2 Introducing the Web Configurator The management session automatically times out when the time period set in the Administrator Inactivity Timer field expires (default five minutes). Simply log back into the ZyAIR if this happens to you. 2.2 Resetting the ZyAIR If you forget your password or cannot access the ZyAIR, you will need to reload the factory-default configuration file or use the RESET button on the top panel of the ZyAIR. Uploading this configuration file replaces the current configuration file with the factory-default configuration file. This means that you will lose all configurations that you had previously. The password will be reset to “1234”, also. 2.2.1 Method of Restoring Factory-Defaults You can erase the current configuration and restore factory defaults in three ways: 1. Use the RESET button on the top panel of the ZyAIR to upload the default configuration file (hold this button in for about 10 seconds or until the Link LED turns red). Use this method for cases when the password or IP address of the ZyAIR is not known. 2. Use the web configurator to restore defaults (refer to the chapter on maintenance). 3. Transfer the configuration file to your ZyAIR using FTP. See later in the part on SMT configuration for more information.

ZyAIR B-500 Wireless Access Point User’s Guide Introducing the Web Configurator 2-3 2.3 Navigating the ZyAIR Web Configurator The following summarizes how to navigate the web configurator. Follow the instructions below or click the icon (located in the top right corner of most screens) to view online help. The icon does not appear in the main screen. Figure 2-2 Navigating the ZyAIR Web ConfiguratorClick the links under MAINTENANCE to view information about your ZyAIR or upgrade configuration/firmware files. Maintenance includes SYSTEM STATUS (Statistics), WIRELESS (Association List and Channel Usage), F/W (firmware) UPLOAD,CONFIGURATION(Backup, Restore and Default). Click LOGOUT at any time to exit the web configurator. Click the links under ADVANCED to configure advanced features such as SYSTEM (General Setup, Password), WIRELESS (Wireless, MAC Filter, Roaming, 802.1x, Local User Database and RADIUS), IP and Logs (View reports and Log Settings). Click WIZARD SETUP for initial configuration including general setup, Wireless LAN setup and IP address assignment.

ZyAIR B-500 Wireless Access Point User’s Guide Wizard Setup 3-1 Chapter 3 Wizard Setup This chapter provides information on the Wizard Setup screens in the web configurator. 3.1 Wizard Setup Overview The web configurator’s setup wizard helps you configure your ZyAIR for wireless stations to access your wired LAN. 3.1.1 Channel The range of radio frequencies used by IEEE 802.11b wireless devices is called a “channel”. Channels available depend on your geographical area. You may have a choice of channels (for your region) so you should use a different channel than an adjacent AP (access point) to reduce interference. Interference occurs when radio signals from different access points overlap causing interference and degrading performance. Adjacent channels partially overlap however. To avoid interference due to overlap, your AP should be on a channel at least five channels away from a channel that an adjacent AP is using. For example, if your region has 11 channels and an adjacent AP is using channel 1, then you need to select a channel between 6 or 11. The ZyAIR’s “Scan” function is especially designed to automatically scan for a channel with the least interference. 3.1.2 ESS ID An Extended Service Set (ESS) is a group of access points connected to a wired LAN on the same subnet. An ESS ID uniquely identifies each set. All access points and their associated wireless stations in the same set must have the same ESSID. 3.1.3 WEP Encryption WEP (Wired Equivalent Privacy) encrypts data frames before transmitting over the wireless network. WEP encryption scrambles the data transmitted between the wireless stations and the access points to keep network communications private. It encrypts unicast and multicast communications in a network. Both the wireless stations and the access points must use the same WEP key for data encryption and decryption. .

ZyAIR B-500 Wireless Access Point User’s Guide 3-2 Wizard Setup 3.2 Wizard Setup: General Setup General Setup contains administrative and system-related information. Figure 3-1 Wizard 1 : General Setup The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 3-1 Wizard 1 : General Setup LABEL DESCRIPTION System Name It is recommended you type your computer's "Computer name".  In Windows 95/98 click Start, Settings, Control Panel, Network. Click the Identification tab, note the entry for the Computer Name field and enter it as the System Name.  In Windows 2000, click Start, Settings, Control Panel and then double-click System. Click the Network Identification tab and then the Properties button. Note the entry for the Computer name field and enter it as the System Name.  In Windows XP, click Start, My Computer, View system information and then click the Computer Name tab. Note the entry in the Full computer name field and enter it as the ZyAIR System Name. This name can be up to 30 alphanumeric characters long. Spaces are not allowed, but dashes "-" and underscores "_" are accepted.

ZyAIR B-500 Wireless Access Point User’s Guide Wizard Setup 3-3 Table 3-1 Wizard 1 : General Setup LABEL DESCRIPTION Domain Name This is not a required field. Leave this field blank or enter the domain name here if you know it. Next Click Next to proceed to the next screen. 3.3 Wizard Setup: Wireless LAN Use the second wizard screen to set up the wireless LAN. Figure 3-2 Wizard 2 : Wireless LAN Setup The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 3-2 Wizard 2 : Wireless LAN Setup LABEL DESCRIPTION Wireless LAN Setup

ZyAIR B-500 Wireless Access Point User’s Guide 3-4 Wizard Setup Table 3-2 Wizard 2 : Wireless LAN Setup LABEL DESCRIPTION ESSID Enter a descriptive name (up to 32 printable 7-bit ASCII characters) for the wireless LAN. If you change this field on the ZyAIR, make sure all wireless stations use the same ESSID in order to access the network. Choose Channel ID To manually set the ZyAIR to use a channel, select a channel from the drop-down list box. Open the Channel Usage Table screen to make sure the channel is not already used by another AP or independent peer-to-peer wireless network. To have the ZyAIR automatically select a channel, click Scan instead. Scan Click this button to have the ZyAIR automatically scan for and select a channel with the least interference. WEP Encryption Select Disable allows all wireless computers to communicate with the access points without any data encryption. Select 64-bit WEP or 128-bit WEP to allow data encryption. ASCII Select this option in order to enter ASCII characters as the WEP keys. Hex Select this option to enter hexadecimal characters as the WEP keys. The preceding 0x is entered automatically. Key 1 to Key 4 The WEP keys are used to encrypt data. Both the ZyAIR and the wireless stations must use the same WEP key for data transmission. If you chose 64-bit WEP, then enter any 5 ASCII characters or 10 hexadecimal characters ("0-9", "A-F"). If you chose 128-bit WEP, then enter 13 ASCII characters or 26 hexadecimal characters ("0-9", "A-F"). You must configure all four keys, but only one key can be activated at any one time. The default key is key 1. Next Click Next to continue. Back Click Back to return to the previous screen. 3.4 Wizard Setup: IP Address The third wizard screen allows you to configure IP address assignment.

ZyAIR B-500 Wireless Access Point User’s Guide Wizard Setup 3-5 3.4.1 IP Address Assignment Every computer on the Internet must have a unique IP address. If your networks are isolated from the Internet, for instance, only between your two branch offices, you can assign any IP addresses to the hosts without problems. However, the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) has reserved the following three blocks of IP addresses specifically for private networks. Table 3-3 Private IP Address Ranges 10.0.0.0 - 10.255.255.255 172.16.0.0 - 172.31.255.255 192.168.0.0 - 192.168.255.255 You can obtain your IP address from the IANA, from an ISP or have it assigned by a private network. If you belong to a small organization and your Internet access is through an ISP, the ISP can provide you with the Internet addresses for your local networks. On the other hand, if you are part of a much larger organization, you should consult your network administrator for the appropriate IP addresses. Regardless of your particular situation, do not create an arbitrary IP address; always follow the guidelines above. For more information on address assignment, please refer to RFC 1597, Address Allocation for Private Internets and RFC 1466, Guidelines for Management of IP Address Space. 3.4.2 IP Address and Subnet Mask Similar to the way houses on a street share a common street name, so too do computers on a LAN share one common network number. Where you obtain your network number depends on your particular situation. If the ISP or your network administrator assigns you a block of registered IP addresses, follow their instructions in selecting the IP addresses and the subnet mask. If the ISP did not explicitly give you an IP network number, then most likely you have a single user account and the ISP will assign you a dynamic IP address when the connection is established. The Internet Assigned Number Authority (IANA) reserved this block of addresses specifically for private use; please do not use any other number unless you are told otherwise. Let's say you select 192.168.1.0 as the network number; which covers 254 individual addresses, from 192.168.1.1 to 192.168.1.254 (zero and 255 are reserved). In other words, the first three numbers specify the network number while the last number identifies an individual computer on that network. Once you have decided on the network number, pick an IP address that is easy to remember, for instance, 192.168.1.2, for your ZyAIR, but make sure that no other device on your network is using that IP address.

ZyAIR B-500 Wireless Access Point User’s Guide 3-6 Wizard Setup The subnet mask specifies the network number portion of an IP address. Your ZyAIR will compute the subnet mask automatically based on the IP address that you entered. You don't need to change the subnet mask computed by the ZyAIR unless you are instructed to do otherwise. Figure 3-3 Wizard 3 : IP Address Assignment The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 3-4 Wizard 3 : IP Address Assignment LABEL DESCRIPTION IP Address Assignment Get automatically Select this option if your ZyAIR is using a dynamically assigned IP address from a DHCP server each time. You must know the IP address assigned to the ZyAIR (by the DHCP server) to access the ZyAIR again. Use fixed IP address Select this option if your ZyAIR is using a static IP address. When you select this option, fill in the fields below.

ZyAIR B-500 Wireless Access Point User’s Guide Wizard Setup 3-7 Table 3-4 Wizard 3 : IP Address Assignment LABEL DESCRIPTION IP Address Enter the IP address of your ZyAIR in dotted decimal notation. If you change the ZyAIR's IP address, you must use the new IP address if you want to access the web configurator again. IP Subnet Mask Enter the subnet mask. Gateway IP Address Enter the IP address of a gateway. The gateway is an immediate neighbor of your ZyAIR that will forward the packet to the destination. On the LAN, the gateway must be a router on the same segment as your ZyAIR; over the WAN, the gateway must be the IP address of one of the remote node. Back Click Back to return to the previous screen. Finish Click Finish to proceed to complete the Wizard setup. 3.5 Basic Setup Complete When you click Finish in the Wizard 3 IP Address Assignment screen, a warning window display as shown. Click OK to close the window and log in to the web configurator again using the new IP address if you change the default IP address (192.168.1.2). You have successfully set up the ZyAIR. A screen displays prompting you to close the web browser. Click Yes. Otherwise, click No and the congratulations screen shows next.

ZyAIR B-500 Wireless Access Point User’s Guide 3-8 Wizard Setup Well done! You have successfully set up your ZyAIR to operate on your network and access the Internet.

System, Wireless and IP II Part II: SYSTEM, WIRELESS AND IP This part covers the information and web configurator screens of System, Wireless and IP.

ZyAIR B-500 Wireless Access Point User’s Guide System Screens 4-1 Chapter 4 System Screens This chapter provides information on the System screens. 4.1 System Overview This section provides information on general system setup. 4.2 Configuring General Setup Click SYSTEM to open the General screen. Figure 4-1 System General Setup The following table describes the labels in this screen.

ZyAIR B-500 Wireless Access Point User’s Guide 4-2 System Screens Table 4-1 System General Setup LABEL DESCRIPTION System Name Type a descriptive name to identify the ZyAIR in the Ethernet network. This name can be up to 30 alphanumeric characters long. Spaces are not allowed, but dashes "-" and underscores "_" are accepted. Domain Name This is not a required field. Leave this field blank or enter the domain name here if you know it. Administrator Inactivity Timer Type how many minutes a management session (either via the web configurator or SMT) can be left idle before the session times out. The default is 5 minutes. After it times out you have to log in with your password again. Very long idle timeouts may have security risks. A value of "0" means a management session never times out, no matter how long it has been left idle (not recommended). System DNS Servers First DNS Server Second DNS Server Third DNS Server Select From DHCP if your DHCP server dynamically assigns DNS server information (and the ZyAIR's Ethernet IP address). The field to the right displays the (read-only) DNS server IP address that the DHCP assigns. Select User-Defined if you have the IP address of a DNS server. Enter the DNS server's IP address in the field to the right. If you chose User-Defined, but leave the IP address set to 0.0.0.0, User-Defined changes to None after you click Apply. If you set a second choice to User-Defined, and enter the same IP address, the second User-Defined changes to None after you click Apply. Select None if you do not want to configure DNS servers. If you do not configure a DNS server, you must know the IP address of a machine in order to access it. The default setting is None. Apply Click Apply to save your changes back to the ZyAIR. Reset Click Reset to reload the previous configuration for this screen. 4.3 Configuring Password To change your ZyAIR’s password (recommended), click SYSTEM and then the Password tab. The screen appears as shown. This screen allows you to change the ZyAIR’s password. If you forget your password (or the ZyAIR IP address), you will need to reset the ZyAIR. See the section on resetting the ZyAIR for details.

ZyAIR B-500 Wireless Access Point User’s Guide System Screens 4-3 Figure 4-2 Password The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 4-2 Password LABEL DESCRIPTION Old Password Type in your existing system password (1234 is the default password). New Password Type your new system password (up to 31 characters). Note that as you type a password, the screen displays an asterisk (*) for each character you type. Retype to Confirm Retype your new system password for confirmation. Apply Click Apply to save your changes back to the ZyAIR. Reset Click Reset to reload the previous configuration for this screen. 4.4 Configuring Time Setting To change your ZyAIR’s time and date, click SYSTEM and then the Time Setting tab. The screen appears as shown. Use this screen to configure the ZyAIR’s time based on your local time zone.

ZyAIR B-500 Wireless Access Point User’s Guide 4-4 System Screens Figure 4-3 Time Setting The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 4-3 Time Setting LABEL DESCRIPTION Time Protocol Select the time service protocol that your time server sends when you turn on the ZyAIR. Not all time servers support all protocols, so you may have to check with your ISP/network administrator or use trial and error to find a protocol that works. The main difference between them is the format. Daytime (RFC 867) format is day/month/year/time zone of the server. Time (RFC 868) format displays a 4-byte integer giving the total number of seconds since 1970/1/1 at 0:0:0. The default, NTP (RFC 1305), is similar to Time (RFC 868). Select None to enter the time and date manually.

ZyAIR B-500 Wireless Access Point User’s Guide System Screens 4-5 Table 4-3 Time Setting LABEL DESCRIPTION Time Server Address Enter the IP address or the URL of your time server. Check with your ISP/network administrator if you are unsure of this information. Current Time (hh:mm:ss) This field displays the time of your ZyAIR. Each time you reload this page, the ZyAIR synchronizes the time with the time server. New Time (hh:mm:ss) This field displays the last updated time from the time server. When you select None in the Time Protocol field, enter the new time in this field and then click Apply. Current Date (yyyy/mm/dd) This field displays the date of your ZyAIR. Each time you reload this page, the ZyAIR synchronizes the time with the time server. New Date (yyyy/mm/dd) This field displays the last updated date from the time server. When you select None in the Time Protocol field, enter the new date in this field and then click Apply. Time Zone Choose the time zone of your location. This will set the time difference between your time zone and Greenwich Mean Time (GMT). Daylight Savings Select this option if you use daylight savings time. Daylight saving is a period from late spring to early fall when many countries set their clocks ahead of normal local time by one hour to give more daytime light in the evening. Start Date (mm-dd) Enter the month and day that your daylight-savings time starts on if you selected Daylight Savings. End Date (mm-dd) Enter the month and day that your daylight-savings time ends on if you selected Daylight Savings. Apply Click Apply to save your changes back to the ZyAIR. Reset Click Reset to reload the previous configuration for this screen.

ZyAIR B-500 Wireless Access Point User’s Guide System Screens 5-1 Chapter 5 Wireless Configuration and Roaming This chapter discusses how to configure Wireless and Roaming screens on the ZyAIR. 5.1 Wireless LAN Overview This section introduces the wireless LAN (WLAN) and some basic scenarios. 5.1.1 IBSS An Independent Basic Service Set (IBSS), also called an Ad-hoc network, is the simplest WLAN configuration. An IBSS is defined as two or more computers with wireless adapters within range of each other that from an independent (wireless) network without the need of an access point (AP). Figure 5-1 IBSS (Ad-hoc) Wireless LAN 5.1.2 BSS A Basic Service Set (BSS) exists when all communications between wireless stations or between a wireless station and a wired network client go through one access point (AP). Intra-BSS traffic is traffic between wireless stations in the BSS. When Intra-BSS is enabled, wireless station A and B can access the wired network and communicate with each other. When Intra-BSS is disabled, wireless station A and B can still access the wired network but cannot communicate with each other.

ZyAIR B-500 Wireless Access Point User’s Guide 5-2 Wireless Configuration and Roaming Figure 5-2 Basic Service set 5.1.3 ESS An Extended Service Set (ESS) consists of a series of overlapping BSSs, each containing an access point, with each access point connected together by a wired network. This wired connection between APs is called a Distribution System (DS). An ESSID (ESS IDentification) uniquely identifies each ESS. All access points and their associated wireless stations within the same ESS must have the same ESSID in order to communicate.

ZyAIR B-500 Wireless Access Point User’s Guide System Screens 5-3 Figure 5-3 Extended Service Set 5.2 Wireless LAN Basics Refer also to the chapter on wizard setup for more background information on Wireless LAN features, such as channels. 5.2.1 RTS/CTS A hidden node occurs when two stations are within range of the same access point, but are not within range of each other. The following figure illustrates a hidden node. Both stations (STA) are within range of the access point (AP) or wireless gateway, but out-of-range of each other, so they cannot “hear” each other, that is they do not know if the channel is currently being used. Therefore, they are considered hidden from each other.

ZyAIR B-500 Wireless Access Point User’s Guide 5-4 Wireless Configuration and Roaming Figure 5-4 RTS/CTS When station A sends data to the AP, it might not know that the station B is already using the channel. If these two stations send data at the same time, collisions may occur when both sets of data arrive at the AP at the same time, resulting in a loss of messages for both stations. RTS/CTS is designed to prevent collisions due to hidden nodes. An RTS/CTS defines the biggest size data frame you can send before an RTS (Request To Send)/CTS (Clear to Send) handshake is invoked. When a data frame exceeds the RTS/CTS value you set (between 0 to 2432 bytes), the station that wants to transmit this frame must first send an RTS (Request To Send) message to the AP for permission to send it. The AP then responds with a CTS (Clear to Send) message to all other stations within its range to notify them to defer their transmission. It also reserves and confirms with the requesting station the time frame for the requested transmission. Stations can send frames smaller than the specified RTS/CTS directly to the AP without the RTS (Request To Send)/CTS (Clear to Send) handshake. You should only configure RTS/CTS if the possibility of hidden nodes exists on your network and the “cost” of resending large frames is more than the extra network overhead involved in the RTS (Request To Send)/CTS (Clear to Send) handshake. If the RTS/CTS value is greater than the Fragmentation Threshold value (see next), then the RTS (Request To Send)/CTS (Clear to Send) handshake will never occur as data frames will be fragmented before they reach RTS/CTS size. Enabling the RTS Threshold causes redundant network overhead that could negatively affect the throughput performance instead of providing a remedy. 5.2.2 Fragmentation Threshold A Fragmentation Threshold is the maximum data fragment size (between 256 and 2432 bytes) that can be sent in the wireless network before the ZyAIR will fragment the packet into smaller data frames. A large Fragmentation Threshold is recommended for networks not prone to interference while you should set a smaller threshold for busy networks or networks that are prone to interference.

ZyAIR B-500 Wireless Access Point User’s Guide System Screens 5-5 If the Fragmentation Threshold value is smaller than the RTS/CTS value (see previously) you set then the RTS (Request To Send)/CTS (Clear to Send) handshake will never occur as data frames will be fragmented before they reach RTS/CTS size. 5.3 Configuring Wireless Click the WIRELESS link under ADVANCED to display the Wireless screen. Figure 5-5 Wireless The following table describes the general wireless LAN labels in this screen.

ZyAIR B-500 Wireless Access Point User’s Guide 5-6 Wireless Configuration and Roaming Table 5-1 Wireless LABEL DESCRIPTION ESSID (Extended Service Set IDentity) The ESSID identifies the Service Set with which a wireless station is associated. Wireless stations associating to the access point (AP) must have the same ESSID. Enter a descriptive name (up to 32 printable 7-bit ASCII characters) for the wireless LAN. If you are configuring the ZyAIR from a computer connected to the wireless LAN and you change the ZyAIR’s ESSID or WEP settings, you will lose your wireless connection when you press Apply to confirm. You must then change the wireless settings of your computer to match the ZyAIR’s new settings. Hide ESSID Select this check box to hide the ESSID in the outgoing beacon frame so a station cannot obtain the ESSID through passive scanning using a site survey tool. Choose Channel ID Set the operating frequency/channel depending on your particular region. To manually set the ZyAIR to use a channel, select a channel from the drop-down list box. Click WIRELESS under MAINTENANCE and then the Channel Usage tab to open the Channel Usage screen to make sure the channel is not already used by another AP or independent peer-to-peer wireless network. To have the ZyAIR automatically select a channel, click Scan instead. Refer to the chapter on wizard setup for more information about channels. Scan Click this button to have the ZyAIR automatically scan for and select a channel with the least interference. RTS/CTS Threshold Enter a value between 0 and 2432. The default is 2432. Fragmentation Threshold Enter a value between 256 and 2432. The default is 2432. It is the maximum data fragment size that can be sent. Apply Click Apply to save your changes back to the ZyAIR. Reset Click Reset to begin configuring this screen afresh. See the chapter on wireless security for information on the other labels in this screen. 5.4 Configuring Roaming A wireless station is a device with an IEEE 802.11b compliant wireless adapters. An access point (AP) acts as a bridge between the wireless and wired networks. An AP creates its own wireless coverage area. A wireless station can associate with a particular access point only if it is within the access point’s coverage area.

ZyAIR B-500 Wireless Access Point User’s Guide System Screens 5-7 In a network environment with multiple access points, wireless stations are able to switch from one access point to another as they move between the coverage areas. This is roaming. As the wireless station moves from place to place, it is responsible for choosing the most appropriate access point depending on the signal strength, network utilization or other factors. The roaming feature on the access points allows the access points to relay information about the wireless stations to each other. When a wireless station moves from a coverage area to another, it scans and uses the channel of a new access point, which then informs the access points on the LAN about the change. The new information is then propagated to the other access points on the LAN. An example is shown in Figure 5-6. With roaming, a wireless LAN mobile user enjoys a continuous connection to the wired network through an access point while moving around the wireless LAN. If the roaming feature is not enabled on the access points, information is not communicated between the access points when a wireless station moves between coverage areas. The wireless station may not be able to communicate with other wireless stations on the network and vice versa. Figure 5-6 Roaming Example The steps below describe the roaming process. Step 1. As wireless station Y moves from the coverage area of access point AP 1 to that of access point AP 2, it scans and uses the signal of access point AP 2.

ZyAIR B-500 Wireless Access Point User’s Guide System Screens 5-9 Table 5-2 Roaming LABEL DESCRIPTION Active Select Yes from the drop-down list box to enable roaming on the ZyAIR if you have two or more ZyAIRs on the same subnet. All APs on the same subnet and the wireless stations must have the same ESSID to allow roaming. Port # Enter the port number to communicate roaming information between access points. The port number must be the same on all access points. The default is 16290. Make sure this port is not used by other services. Apply Click Apply to save your changes back to the ZyAIR. Reset Click Reset to begin configuring this screen afresh.

ZyAIR B-500 Wireless Access Point User’s Guide Wireless Security 6-1 Chapter 6 Wireless Security This chapter describes how to use the MAC Filter, 802.1x, Local User Database and RADIUS to configure wireless security on your ZyAIR. 6.1 Wireless Security Overview Wireless security is vital to your network to protect wireless communication between wireless stations, access points and the wired network. The figure below shows the possible wireless security levels on your ZyAIR. The highest security level relies on EAP (Extensible Authentication Protocol) for authentication and utilizes dynamic WEP key exchange. It requires interaction with a RADIUS (Remote Authentication Dial-In User Service) server either on the WAN or your LAN to provide authentication service for wireless stations. Figure 6-1 ZyAIR Wireless Security Levels If you do not enable any wireless security on your ZyAIR, your network is accessible to any wireless networking device that is within range. 6.2 WEP Overview WEP (Wired Equivalent Privacy) as specified in the IEEE 802.11 standard provides methods for both data encryption and wireless station authentication. 6.2.1 Data Encryption WEP provides a mechanism for encrypting data using encryption keys. Both the AP and the wireless stations must use the same WEP key to encrypt and decrypt data. Your ZyAIR allows you to configure up to four 64-bit or 128-bit WEP keys, but only one key can be enabled at any one time.

ZyAIR B-500 Wireless Access Point User’s Guide 6-2 Wireless Security 6.2.2 Authentication Three different methods can be used to authenticate wireless stations to the network: Open System, Shared Key, and Auto. The following figure illustrates the steps involved. Figure 6-2 WEP Authentication Steps Open system authentication involves an unencrypted two-message procedure. A wireless station sends an open system authentication request to the AP, which will then automatically accept and connect the wireless station to the network. In effect, open system is not authentication at all as any station can gain access to the network. Shared key authentication involves a four-message procedure. A wireless station sends a shared key authentication request to the AP, which will then reply with a challenge text message. The wireless station must then use the AP’s default WEP key to encrypt the challenge text and return it to the AP, which attempts to decrypt the message using the AP’s default WEP key. If the decrypted message matches the challenge text, the wireless station is authenticated.

ZyAIR B-500 Wireless Access Point User’s Guide Wireless Security 6-3 When your ZyAIR's authentication method is set to open system, it will only accept open system authentication requests. The same is true for shared key authentication. However, when it is set to auto authentication, the ZyAIR will accept either type of authentication request and the ZyAIR will fall back to use open authentication if the shared key does not match. 6.3 Configuring WEP Encryption In order to configure and enable WEP encryption; click the WIRELESS link under ADVANCED to display the Wireless screen. Figure 6-3 Wireless

ZyAIR B-500 Wireless Access Point User’s Guide 6-4 Wireless Security The following table describes the wireless LAN security labels in this screen. Table 6-1 Wireless LABEL DESCRIPTION WEP Encryption Select Disable to allow wireless stations to communicate with the access points without any data encryption. Select 64-bit WEP or 128-bit WEP to enable data encryption. Authentication Method Select Auto, Open System or Shared Key from the drop-down list box. This field is not available if WEP is not activated. If WEP encryption is activated, the default setting is Auto. ASCII Select this option to enter ASCII characters as the WEP keys. Hex Select this option to enter hexadecimal characters as the WEP keys. The preceding “0x” is entered automatically. Key 1 to Key 4 The WEP keys are used to encrypt data. Both the ZyAIR and the wireless stations must use the same WEP key for data transmission. If you chose 64-bit WEP, then enter any 5 ASCII characters or 10 hexadecimal characters ("0-9", "A-F"). If you chose 128-bit WEP, then enter 13 ASCII characters or 26 hexadecimal characters ("0-9", "A-F"). You must configure all four keys, but only one key can be activated at any one time. The default key is key 1. Enable Intra-BSS Traffic Intra-BSS traffic is traffic between wireless stations in the same BSS. Select this check box to enable Intra-BSS traffic. Number of Wireless Stations Allowed Use this field to set a maximum number of wireless stations that may connect to the ZyAIR Enter the number (from 1 to 32) of wireless stations allowed. Output Power Set the output power of the ZyAIR in this field. If there is a high density of APs within an area, decrease the output power of the ZyAIR to reduce interference with other APs. The options are 17dBm (50mW), 14dBm (25mW) or 11dBm (12.6mW). Apply Click Apply to save your changes back to the ZyAIR. Reset Click Reset to begin configuring this screen afresh. 6.4 MAC Filter The MAC filter screen allows you to configure the ZyAIR to give exclusive access to up to 32 devices (Allow Association) or exclude up to 32 devices from accessing the ZyAIR (Deny Association). Every

ZyAIR B-500 Wireless Access Point User’s Guide Wireless Security 6-5 Ethernet device has a unique MAC (Media Access Control) address. The MAC address is assigned at the factory and consists of six pairs of hexadecimal characters, for example, 00:A0:C5:00:00:02. You need to know the MAC address of the devices to configure this screen. To change your ZyAIR’s MAC Filter settings, click the WIRELESS link under ADVANCED and then the MAC Filter tab. The screen appears as shown. Figure 6-4 MAC Address Filter

ZyAIR B-500 Wireless Access Point User’s Guide 6-6 Wireless Security The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 6-2 MAC Address Filter LABEL DESCRIPTION Active Select Yes from the drop down list box to enable MAC address filtering. Filter Action Define the filter action for the list of MAC addresses in the MAC address filter table. Select Deny Association to block access to the ZyAIR, MAC addresses not listed will be allowed to access the ZyAIR. Select Allow Association to permit access to the ZyAIR, MAC addresses not listed will be denied access to the ZyAIR. Set This is the index number of the MAC address. MAC Address Enter the MAC addresses (in XX:XX:XX:XX:XX:XX format) of the wireless station that are allowed or denied access to the ZyAIR in these address fields. Apply Click Apply to save your changes back to the ZyAIR. Reset Click Reset to begin configuring this screen afresh. 6.5 802.1x Overview The IEEE 802.1x standard outlines enhanced security methods for both the authentication of wireless stations and encryption key management. Authentication can be done using the local user database internal to the ZyAIR (authenticate up to 32 users) or an external RADIUS server for an unlimited number of users. 6.6 Introduction to RADIUS RADIUS is based on a client-sever model that supports authentication and accounting, where access point is the client and the server is the RADIUS server. The RADIUS server handles the following tasks among others: • Authentication Determines the identity of the users. • Accounting Keeps track of the client’s network activity. RADIUS user is a simple package exchange in which your ZyAIR acts as a message relay between the wireless station and the network RADIUS server.

ZyAIR B-500 Wireless Access Point User’s Guide Wireless Security 6-7 Types of RADIUS Messages The following types of RADIUS messages are exchanged between the access point and the RADIUS server for user authentication: • Access-Request Sent by an access point requesting authentication. • Access-Reject Sent by a RADIUS server rejecting access. • Access-Accept Sent by a RADIUS server allowing access. • Access-Challenge Sent by a RADIUS server requesting more information in order to allow access. The access point sends a proper response from the user and then sends another Access-Request message. The following types of RADIUS messages are exchanged between the access point and the RADIUS server for user accounting: • Accounting-Request Sent by the access point requesting accounting. • Accounting-Response Sent by the RADIUS server to indicate that it has started or stopped accounting. In order to ensure network security, the access point and the RADIUS server use a shared secret key, which is a password, they both know. The key is not sent over the network. In addition to the shared key, password information exchanged is also encrypted to protect the wired network from unauthorized access. 6.6.1 EAP Authentication Overview EAP (Extensible Authentication Protocol) is an authentication protocol that runs on top of the IEEE802.1x transport mechanism in order to support multiple types of user authentication. By using EAP to interact with an EAP-compatible RADIUS server, the access point helps a wireless station and a RADIUS server perform authentication. The type of authentication you use depends on the RADIUS server or the AP. The ZyAIR supports EAP-TLS, EAP-TTLS and DEAP with RADIUS. Refer to the Types of EAP Authentication appendix for descriptions on the four common types. Your ZyAIR supports EAP-MD5 (Message-Digest Algorithm 5) with the local user database and RADIUS. The following figure shows an overview of authentication when you specify a RADIUS server on your access point.

ZyAIR B-500 Wireless Access Point User’s Guide Wireless Security 6-9 6.8 Introduction to Local User Database By storing user profiles locally on the ZyAIR, your ZyAIR is able to authenticate wireless users without interacting with a network RADIUS server. However, there is a limit on the number of users you may authenticate in this way. 6.9 Configuring 802.1x To change your ZyAIR’s authentication settings, click the WIRELESS link under ADVANCED and then the 802.1x tab. The screen appears as shown. Figure 6-6 802.1x Authentication The following table describes the labels in this screen.

ZyAIR B-500 Wireless Access Point User’s Guide 6-10 Wireless Security Table 6-3 802.1x Authentication LABEL DESCRIPTION Wireless Port Control To control wireless stations access to the wired network, select a control method from the drop-down list box. Choose from No Authentication Required, Authentication Required and No Access Allowed. No Authentication Required allows all wireless stations access to the wired network without entering usernames and passwords. This is the default setting. Authentication Required means that all wireless stations have to enter usernames and passwords before access to the wired network is allowed. No Access Allowed blocks all wireless stations access to the wired network. ReAuthentication Timer (seconds) Specify how often wireless stations have to reenter usernames and passwords in order to stay connected. This field is activated only when you select Authentication Required in the Wireless Port Control field. Enter a time interval between 10 and 9999 seconds. The default time interval is 1800 seconds (30 minutes). If wireless station authentication is done using a RADIUS server, the reauthentication timer on the RADIUS server has priority. Idle Timeout (seconds) The ZyAIR automatically disconnects a wireless station from the wired network after a period of inactivity. The wireless station needs to enter the username and password again before access to the wired network is allowed. This field is activated only when you select Authentication Required in the Wireless Port Control field. The default time interval is 3600 seconds (1 hour).

ZyAIR B-500 Wireless Access Point User’s Guide Wireless Security 6-11 Table 6-3 802.1x Authentication LABEL DESCRIPTION Authentication Databases This field is activated only when you select Authentication Required in the Wireless Port Control field. The authentication database contains wireless station login information. The local user database is the built-in database on the ZyAIR. The RADIUS is an external server. Use this drop-down list box to select which database the ZyAIR should use (first) to authenticate a wireless station. Before you specify the priority, make sure you have set up the corresponding database correctly first. Select Local User Database Only to have the ZyAIR just check the built-in user database on the ZyAIR for a wireless station's username and password. Select RADIUS Only to have the ZyAIR just check the user database on the specified RADIUS server for a wireless station's username and password. Select Local first, then RADIUS to have the ZyAIR first check the user database on the ZyAIR for a wireless station's username and password. If the user name is not found, the ZyAIR then checks the user database on the specified RADIUS server. Select RADIUS first, then Local to have the ZyAIR first check the user database on the specified RADIUS server for a wireless station's username and password. If the ZyAIR cannot reach the RADIUS server, the ZyAIR then checks the local user database on the ZyAIR. When the user name is not found or password does not match in the RADIUS server, the ZyAIR will not check the local user database and the authentication fails. Apply Click Apply to save your changes back to the ZyAIR. Reset Click Reset to begin configuring this screen afresh. Once you enable user authentication, you need to specify an external RADIUS server or create local user accounts on the ZyAIR for authentication. 6.10 Configuring Local User Database To change your ZyAIR’s local user database, click the WIRELESS link under ADVANCED and then the Local User Database tab. The screen appears as shown.

ZyAIR B-500 Wireless Access Point User’s Guide 6-12 Wireless Security Figure 6-7 Local User Database The following table describes the labels in this screen.

ZyAIR B-500 Wireless Access Point User’s Guide IP 7-1 Chapter 7 IP Screen This chapter discusses how to configure IP on the ZyAIR 7.1 Factory Ethernet Defaults The Ethernet parameters of the ZyAIR are preset in the factory with the following values: • IP address of 192.168.1.2 • Subnet mask of 255.255.255.0 (24 bits) These parameters should work for the majority of installations. 7.2 TCP/IP Parameters 7.2.1 IP Address and Subnet Mask Refer to the section on IP address and subnet mask in the Wizard Setup chapter for this information. 7.3 Configuring IP Click IP to display the screen shown next.

ZyAIR B-500 Wireless Access Point User’s Guide 7-2 IP Figure 7-1 IP Setup The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 7-1 IP Setup LABEL DESCRIPTION IP Address Assignment Get automatically Select this option if your ZyAIR is using a dynamically assigned IP address from a DHCP server each time. You must know the IP address assigned to the ZyAIR (by the DHCP server) to access the ZyAIR again. Use fixed IP address Select this option if your ZyAIR is using a static IP address. When you select this option, fill in the fields below.

ZyAIR B-500 Wireless Access Point User’s Guide IP 7-3 Table 7-1 IP Setup LABEL DESCRIPTION IP Address Enter the IP address of your ZyAIR in dotted decimal notation. If you change the ZyAIR's IP address, you must use the new IP address if you want to access the web configurator again. IP Subnet Mask Enter the subnet mask. Gateway IP Address Enter the IP address of a gateway. The gateway is an immediate neighbor of your ZyAIR that will forward the packet to the destination. On the LAN, the gateway must be a router on the same segment as your ZyAIR; over the WAN, the gateway must be the IP address of one of the remote node. Apply Click Apply to save your changes back to the ZyAIR. Reset Click Reset to begin configuring this screen afresh.

Logs III Part III: LOGS This part provides information and configuration instructions for the logs.

ZyAIR B-500 Wireless Access Point User’s Guide Logs Screens 8-1 Chapter 8 Logs Screens This chapter contains information about configuring general log settings and viewing the ZyAIR’s logs. Refer to the appendix for example log message explanations. 8.1 Configuring View Log The web configurator allows you to look at all of the ZyAIR’s logs in one location. Click LOGS to open the View Log screen. Use the View Log screen to see the logs for the categories that you selected in the Log Settings screen (see section 8.2). Options include logs about system maintenance, system errors and access control. You can view logs and alert messages in this page. Once the log entries are all used, the log will wrap around and the old logs will be deleted. Click a column heading to sort the entries. A triangle indicates the direction of the sort order. Figure 8-1 View Log

ZyAIR B-500 Wireless Access Point User’s Guide 8-2 Logs Screens The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 8-1 View Log LABEL DESCRIPTION Display Select a log category from the drop down list box to display logs within the selected category. To view all logs, select All Logs. The number of categories shown in the drop down list box depends on the selection in the Log Settings page. Time This field displays the time the log was recorded. Message This field states the reason for the log. Source This field lists the source IP address of the incoming packet. Destination This field lists the destination IP address of the incoming packet. Note This field displays additional information about the log entry. Email Log Now Click Email Log Now to send the log screen to the e-mail address specified in the Log Settings page. Refresh Click Refresh to renew the log screen. Clear Log Click Clear Log to clear all the logs. 8.2 Configuring Log Settings To change your ZyAIR’s log settings, click LOGS and then the Log Settings tab. The screen appears as shown. Use the Log Settings screen to configure to where the ZyAIR is to send the logs; the schedule for when the ZyAIR is to send the logs and which logs and/or immediate alerts the ZyAIR is to send. An alert is a type of log that warrants more serious attention. Some categories such as System Errors consist of both logs and alerts. You may differentiate them by their color in the View Log screen. Alerts are displayed in red and logs are displayed in black.

ZyAIR B-500 Wireless Access Point User’s Guide Logs Screens 8-3 Figure 8-2 Log Settings The following table describes the labels in this screen.

ZyAIR B-500 Wireless Access Point User’s Guide 8-4 Logs Screens Table 8-2 Log Settings LABEL DESCRIPTION Address Info Mail Server Enter the server name or the IP address of the mail server for the e-mail addresses specified below. If this field is left blank, logs and alert messages will not be sent via e-mail. Mail Subject Type a title that you want to be in the subject line of the log e-mail message that the ZyAIR sends. Send Log to Logs are sent to the e-mail address specified in this field. If this field is left blank, logs will not be sent via e-mail. Send Alerts to Enter the e-mail address where the alert messages will be sent. If this field is left blank, alert messages will not be sent via e-mail. Syslog Logging Syslog logging sends a log to an external syslog server used to store logs. Active Click Active to enable syslog logging. Syslog Server IP Address Enter the server name or IP address of the syslog server that will log the selected categories of logs. Log Facility Select a location from the drop down list box. The log facility allows you to log the messages to different files in the syslog server. Refer to the documentation of your syslog program for more details. Send Log Log Schedule This drop-down menu is used to configure the frequency of log messages being sent as E-mail: • Daily • Weekly • Hourly • When the Log is Full • None. If the Weekly or the Daily option is selected, specify a time of day when the E-mail should be sent. If the Weekly option is selected, then also specify which day of the week the E-mail should be sent. If the When Log is Full option is selected, an alert is sent when the log fills up. If you select None, no log messages are sent. Day for Sending Log This field is only available when you select Weekly in the Log Schedule field. Use the drop down list box to select which day of the week to send the logs. Time for Sending Log Enter the time of the day in 24-hour format (for example 23:00 equals 11:00 pm) to send the logs.

ZyAIR B-500 Wireless Access Point User’s Guide Logs Screens 8-5 Table 8-2 Log Settings LABEL DESCRIPTION Clear log after sanding mail Select the check box to clear all logs after logs and alert messages are sent via e-mail. Log Select the categories of logs that you want to record. Send Immediate Alert Select the categories of alerts for which you want the ZyAIR to immediately send e-mail alerts. Apply Click Apply to save your customized settings and exit this screen. Reset Click Reset to reconfigure all the fields in this screen.

Maintenance IV Part IV: MAINTENANCE This part describes the Maintenance web configurator screens.

ZyAIR B-500 Wireless Access Point User’s Guide Maintenance 9-1 Chapter 9 Maintenance This chapter describes the Maintenance screens that display system information such as ZyNOS firmware, port IP addresses and port traffic statistics. 9.1 Maintenance Overview The maintenance screens can help you view system information, upload new firmware, manage configuration and restart your ZyAIR. 9.2 System Status Screen Click System Status to display the screen, where you can use to monitor your ZyAIR. Note that these labels are READ-ONLY and are meant to be used for diagnostic purposes. Figure 9-1 System Status The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 9-1 System Status LABEL DESCRIPTION System Name This is the System Name you enter in the first Internet Access Wizard screen. It is for identification purposes

ZyAIR B-500 Wireless Access Point User’s Guide 9-2 Maintenance Table 9-1 System Status LABEL DESCRIPTION ZyNOS Firmware Version This is the ZyNOS Firmware version and the date created. ZyNOS is ZyXEL's proprietary Network Operating System design. IP Address This is the Ethernet port IP address. IP Subnet Mask This is the Ethernet port subnet mask. DHCP This is the Ethernet port DHCP role - Client or None. Show Statistics Click Show Statistics to see performance statistics such as number of packets sent and number of packets received for each port. 9.2.1 System Statistics Read-only information here includes port status and packet specific statistics. Also provided are "system up time" and "poll interval(s)". The Poll Interval field is configurable. Figure 9-2 System Status: Show Statistics The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 9-2 System Status: Show Statistics LABEL DESCRIPTION Port This is the Ethernet or wireless port.

ZyAIR B-500 Wireless Access Point User’s Guide Maintenance 9-3 Table 9-2 System Status: Show Statistics LABEL DESCRIPTION Status This shows the port speed and duplex setting if you are using Ethernet encapsulation for the Ethernet port. This shows the transmission speed only for wireless port. TxPkts This is the number of transmitted packets on this port. RxPkts This is the number of received packets on this port. Collisions This is the number of collisions on this port. Tx B/s This shows the transmission speed in bytes per second on this port. Rx B/s This shows the reception speed in bytes per second on this port. Up Time This is total amount of time the line has been up. System Up Time This is the total time the ZyAIR has been on. Poll Interval Enter the time interval for refreshing statistics. Set Interval Click this button to apply the new poll interval you entered above. Stop Click this button to stop refreshing statistics. 9.3 Wireless Screen 9.3.1 Association List View the wireless stations that are currently associated to the ZyAIR in the Association List screen. Click the WIRELESS link under MAINTENANCE to display the screen as shown next.

ZyAIR B-500 Wireless Access Point User’s Guide 9-4 Maintenance Figure 9-3 Association List The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 9-3 Association List LABEL DESCRIPTION # This is the index number of an associated wireless station. MAC Address This field displays the MAC address of an associated wireless station. Association Time This field displays the time a wireless station first associated with the ZyAIR. Refresh Click Refresh to reload the screen. 9.3.2 Channel Usage The Channel Usage screen shows whether a channel is used by another wireless network or not. If a channel is being used, you should select a channel removed from it by five channels to completely avoid overlap. Click the WIRELESS link under MAINTENANCE and then the Channel Usage tab to display the screen as shown next. Wait a moment while the ZyAIR compiles the information.

ZyAIR B-500 Wireless Access Point User’s Guide Maintenance 9-5 Figure 9-4 Channel Usage The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 9-4 Channel Usage LABEL DESCRIPTION SSID This is the Service Set IDentification name of the AP in an Infrastructure wireless network or wireless station in an Ad-Hoc wireless network. For our purposes, we define an Infrastructure network as a wireless network that uses an AP and an Ad-Hoc network (also known as Independent Basic Service Set (IBSS)) as one that doesn’t. See the Wireless Configuration and Roaming chapter for more information on basic service sets (BSS) and extended service sets (ESS). MAC Address This field displays the MAC address of the AP in an Infrastructure wireless network. It is randomly generated (so ignore it) in an Ad-Hoc wireless network. Channel This is the index number of the channel currently used by the associated AP in an Infrastructure wireless network or wireless stations in an Ad-Hoc wireless network. Signal This field displays the strength of the AP’s signal. If you must choose a channel that’s currently in use, choose one with low signal strength for minimum interference.

ZyAIR B-500 Wireless Access Point User’s Guide 9-6 Maintenance Table 9-4 Channel Usage LABEL DESCRIPTION Network Mode “Network mode” in this screen refers to your wireless LAN infrastructure (refer to the Wireless LAN chapter) and WEP setup. Network modes are: Infra (infrastructure), Infra, WEP (Infrastructure with WEP encryption is enabled), Ad-Hoc, or Ad-Hoc, WEP. Refresh Click Refresh to reload the screen. 9.4 F/W Upload Screen Find firmware at www.zyxel.com in a file that (usually) uses the system model name with a "*.bin" extension, e.g., "zyair.bin". The upload process uses HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol) and may take up to two minutes. After a successful upload, the system will reboot. See the Firmware and Configuration File Maintenance chapter for upgrading firmware using FTP/TFTP commands. Click F/W UPLOAD to display the screen as shown. Follow the instructions in this screen to upload firmware to your ZyAIR. Figure 9-5 Firmware Upload The following table describes the labels in this screen.

ZyAIR B-500 Wireless Access Point User’s Guide Maintenance 9-7 Table 9-5 Firmware Upload LABEL DESCRIPTION File Path Type in the location of the file you want to upload in this field or click Browse ... to find it. Browse... Click Browse... to find the .bin file you want to upload. Remember that you must decompress compressed (.zip) files before you can upload them. Upload Click Upload to begin the upload process. This process may take up to two minutes. Do not turn off the device while firmware upload is in progress! After you see the Firmware Upload in Process screen, wait two minutes before logging into the device again. Figure 9-6 Firmware Upload In Process The ZyAIR automatically restarts in this time causing a temporary network disconnect. In some operating systems, you may see the following icon on your desktop. Figure 9-7 Network Temporarily Disconnected After two minutes, log in again and check your new firmware version in the System Status screen.

ZyAIR B-500 Wireless Access Point User’s Guide 9-8 Maintenance If the upload was not successful, the following screen will appear. Click Return to go back to the F/W Upload screen. Figure 9-8 Firmware Upload Error 9.5 Configuration Screen See the Firmware and Configuration File Maintenance chapter for transferring configuration files using FTP/TFTP commands. Click CONFIGURATION. Information related to backup configuration, restoring configuration and factory defaults appears as shown next. 9.5.1 Backup Configuration Backup Configuration allows you to backup (save) the current system (ZyAIR) configuration to your computer. Backup is highly recommended once your ZyAIR is functioning properly. Click Backup to save your current ZyAIR configuration to your computer.

ZyAIR B-500 Wireless Access Point User’s Guide Maintenance 9-9 Figure 9-9 Backup Configuration 9.5.2 Restore Configuration Restore configuration replaces your ZyAIR's current configuration with a previously saved configuration. Restore files (usually) have a .ROM extension, e.g., "zyair.rom". The system reboots automatically after the file transfer is complete and uses the configured values in the file. WARNING! Do not interrupt the file transfer process as this may PERMANENTLY DAMAGE YOUR ZyAIR. When the Restore Configuration process is complete, the ZyAIR will automatically restart. Figure 9-10 Restore Configuration

ZyAIR B-500 Wireless Access Point User’s Guide 9-10 Maintenance The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 9-6 Restore Configuration LABEL DESCRIPTION File Path Type in the location of the file you want to upload in this field or click Browse ... to find it. Browse... Click Browse... to find the file you want to upload. Remember that you must decompress compressed (.ZIP) files before you can upload them. Upload Click Upload to begin the upload process. Do not turn off the device while configuration file upload is in progress. After you see a “configuration upload successful” screen, you must then wait one minute before logging into the ZyAIR again. Figure 9-11 Configuration Upload Successful The ZyAIR automatically restarts in this time causing a temporary network disconnect. In some operating systems, you may see the following icon on your desktop. Figure 9-12 Network Temporarily Disconnected

ZyAIR B-500 Wireless Access Point User’s Guide Maintenance 9-11 If you uploaded the default configuration file you may need to change the IP address of your computer to be in the same subnet as that of the default ZyAIR IP address (192.168.1.2). See the appendix for details on how to set up your computer’s IP address. If the upload was not successful, the following screen will appear. Click Return to go back to the Configuration screen. Figure 9-13 Configuration Upload Error 9.5.3 Back to Factory Defaults Clicking the Reset button in this section clears all user-entered configuration information and returns the ZyAIR to its factory defaults as shown on the screen. This will erase all configurations that you have applied.

ZyAIR B-500 Wireless Access Point User’s Guide 9-12 Maintenance Figure 9-14 Back to Factory Default The following warning screen will appear. Figure 9-15 Reset Warning Message You can also press the RESET button on the rear panel to reset the factory defaults of your ZyAIR. Refer to the Resetting the ZyAIR section for more information on the RESET button.

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