ZyXEL Communications EMG1302R10A Wireless N300 4-port USB Ethernet Gateway User Manual EMG1302 R10A

ZyXEL Communications Corporation Wireless N300 4-port USB Ethernet Gateway EMG1302 R10A

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EM G1 3 0 2 - R1 0 A
Wireless N300 4-port Ethernet Gateway
Version V1.00
Edition 1, 1/2014
Quick Start Guide
Use r ’s Gu ide
D e fa u lt Login D e t a ils
LAN IP Address
http://192.168.1.1
User Name
supervisor
www.zyxel.com
Password
supervisor
User Name
admin
Password
1234
Copyright © 2013 ZyXEL Communications Corporation
IMPORTANT!
READ CAREFULLY BEFORE USE.
KEEP THIS GUIDE FOR FUTURE REFERENCE.
Note: This guide is a reference for a series of products. Therefore some features or
options in this guide may not be available in your product.
Graphics in this book may differ slightly from the product due to differences in operating systems,
operating system versions, or if you installed updated firmware/software for your device. Every
effort has been made to ensure that the information in this manual is accurate.
Related Documentation
• Quick Start Guide
The Quick Start Guide shows how to connect the EMG1302-R10A and access the Web
Configurator. It contains information on setting up your wireless network.
EMG1302-R10A User’s Guide
EMG1302-R10A User’s Guide
4
EMG1302-R10A User’s Guide
Contents Overview
Contents Overview
User’s Guide ........................................................................................................................... 13
Introduction ................................................................................................................................15
Introducing the Web Configurator ..............................................................................................19
Quick Start ..................................................................................................................................23
Monitor .......................................................................................................................................29
Router Mode ..............................................................................................................................35
Tutorials .....................................................................................................................................43
Technical Reference .............................................................................................................. 53
WAN ...........................................................................................................................................55
Wireless LAN .............................................................................................................................75
LAN ............................................................................................................................................93
DHCP Server .............................................................................................................................97
Quality of Service (QoS) ..........................................................................................................103
NAT ..........................................................................................................................................109
DDNS ....................................................................................................................................... 117
Routing ..................................................................................................................................... 119
Interface Group ........................................................................................................................123
Security ....................................................................................................................................125
Content Filtering .......................................................................................................................131
IPv6 Firewall .............................................................................................................................135
Remote Management ...............................................................................................................137
Universal Plug-and-Play (UPnP) ..............................................................................................145
Maintenance .............................................................................................................................153
Troubleshooting .......................................................................................................................161
EMG1302-R10A User’s Guide
Contents Overview
EMG1302-R10A User’s Guide
Table of Contents
Table of Contents
Contents Overview .................................................................................................................. 5
Table of Contents ..................................................................................................................... 7
Part I: User’s Guide ................................................................................13
Chapter 1
Introduction............................................................................................................................. 15
1.1 Overview ..............................................................................................................................15
1.2 Applications ..........................................................................................................................15
1.3 Ways to Manage the EMG1302-R10A .................................................................................15
1.4 Good Habits for Managing the EMG1302-R10A ..................................................................15
1.5 LEDs ....................................................................................................................................16
1.6 The WPS Button ..................................................................................................................17
1.7 Wall Mounting ......................................................................................................................18
Chapter 2
Introducing the Web Configurator ........................................................................................ 19
2.1 Overview ..............................................................................................................................19
2.2 Login Accounts .....................................................................................................................19
2.3 Accessing the Web Configurator ..........................................................................................19
2.4 Resetting the EMG1302-R10A .............................................................................................21
2.4.1 Procedure to Use the RESET Button .........................................................................21
Chapter 3
Quick Start............................................................................................................................... 23
3.1 Overview ..............................................................................................................................23
3.2 Quick Start Setup .................................................................................................................23
Chapter 4
Monitor..................................................................................................................................... 29
4.1 Overview ..............................................................................................................................29
4.2 What You Can Do ................................................................................................................29
4.3 The Log Screen ....................................................................................................................30
4.3.1 View Log .....................................................................................................................30
4.3.2 Log Setting .................................................................................................................31
4.4 DHCP Table .........................................................................................................................31
4.5 Packet Statistics ...................................................................................................................32
EMG1302-R10A User’s Guide
Table of Contents
4.6 WLAN Station Status ............................................................................................................33
Chapter 5
Router Mode............................................................................................................................ 35
5.1 Overview ..............................................................................................................................35
5.2 Router Mode Status Screen .................................................................................................36
5.2.1 Navigation Panel ........................................................................................................39
Chapter 6
Tutorials ................................................................................................................................... 43
6.1 Overview ..............................................................................................................................43
6.2 Set Up a Wireless Network with WPS ..................................................................................43
6.2.1 Push Button Configuration (PBC) ...............................................................................43
6.2.2 PIN Configuration .......................................................................................................44
6.3 Configure Wireless Security without WPS ...........................................................................45
6.3.1 Configure Your Notebook ...........................................................................................47
6.4 Using Multiple SSIDs on the EMG1302-R10A .....................................................................49
6.4.1 Configuring Security Settings of Multiple SSIDs .........................................................50
Part II: Technical Reference...................................................................53
Chapter 7
WAN ......................................................................................................................................... 55
7.1 Overview ..............................................................................................................................55
7.2 What You Can Do ................................................................................................................55
7.3 What You Need To Know .....................................................................................................56
7.3.1 Configuring Your Internet Connection .........................................................................56
7.3.2 Multicast .....................................................................................................................57
7.4 Management WAN ...............................................................................................................59
7.4.1 Add/Edit Internet Connection ......................................................................................60
7.4.2 Bridge Encapsulation ..................................................................................................71
7.5 Advanced WAN Screen .......................................................................................................72
7.6 IPv6 Screen ..........................................................................................................................73
Chapter 8
Wireless LAN........................................................................................................................... 75
8.1 Overview ..............................................................................................................................75
8.2 What You Can Do ................................................................................................................75
8.3 What You Should Know .......................................................................................................76
8.4 General Wireless LAN Screen ............................................................................................78
8.5 Wireless Security .................................................................................................................81
EMG1302-R10A User’s Guide
Table of Contents
8.5.1 No Security .................................................................................................................81
8.5.2 WPA2-PSK .................................................................................................................82
8.6 More AP ...............................................................................................................................83
8.6.1 More AP Edit ..............................................................................................................84
8.7 MAC Filter ............................................................................................................................85
8.8 Wireless LAN Advanced Screen ..........................................................................................86
8.9 Quality of Service (QoS) Screen ..........................................................................................87
8.10 WPS Screen .......................................................................................................................88
8.11 WPS Station Screen ...........................................................................................................89
8.12 Scheduling Screen .............................................................................................................90
8.13 WDS ...................................................................................................................................91
Chapter 9
LAN .......................................................................................................................................... 93
9.1 Overview ..............................................................................................................................93
9.2 What You Can Do ................................................................................................................93
9.3 What You Need To Know .....................................................................................................94
9.3.1 IP Pool Setup ..............................................................................................................94
9.3.2 LAN TCP/IP ................................................................................................................94
9.4 LAN IP Screen .....................................................................................................................95
Chapter 10
DHCP Server ........................................................................................................................... 97
10.1 Overview ............................................................................................................................97
10.2 What You Can Do ..............................................................................................................97
10.3 What You Need To Know ...................................................................................................97
10.4 The DHCP General Screen ................................................................................................98
10.5 The DHCP Advanced Screen ............................................................................................99
10.6 The DHCP Client List Screen ...........................................................................................100
Chapter 11
Quality of Service (QoS)....................................................................................................... 103
11.1 Overview ..........................................................................................................................103
11.1.1 What You Can Do in the QoS Screens ...................................................................104
11.1.2 What You Need to Know About QoS ......................................................................104
11.2 The Quality of Service General Screen ............................................................................104
11.3 The Rule-based QoS Screen ...........................................................................................105
11.3.1 Adding a Rule .........................................................................................................106
11.4 QoS Technical Reference .................................................................................................107
11.4.1 IEEE 802.1p ............................................................................................................107
11.4.2 IP Precedence ........................................................................................................107
11.4.3 Automatic Priority Queue Assignment ....................................................................107
EMG1302-R10A User’s Guide
Table of Contents
Chapter 12
NAT......................................................................................................................................... 109
12.1 Overview .........................................................................................................................109
12.2 What You Can Do ............................................................................................................109
12.3 What You Need To Know ................................................................................................. 110
12.4 The NAT General Screen ................................................................................................. 112
12.5 The NAT Port Forwarding Screen .................................................................................... 112
12.6 The NAT Trigger Port Screen ........................................................................................... 113
12.7 The ALG Screen .............................................................................................................. 115
Chapter 13
DDNS...................................................................................................................................... 117
13.1 Overview .......................................................................................................................... 117
13.2 The DDNS General Screen ............................................................................................. 117
Chapter 14
Routing .................................................................................................................................. 119
14.1 Overview ......................................................................................................................... 119
14.2 Static Route Screen ......................................................................................................... 119
14.2.1 Add/Edit Static Route Screen .................................................................................120
14.3 The Dynamic Routing Screen .........................................................................................121
Chapter 15
Interface Group ..................................................................................................................... 123
15.1 Overview ..........................................................................................................................123
15.2 The Interface Group Screen .............................................................................................123
15.2.1 Add Interface Group ...............................................................................................124
Chapter 16
Security.................................................................................................................................. 125
16.1 Overview
........................................................................................................................125
16.2 What You Can Do ............................................................................................................125
16.3 What You Need To Know .................................................................................................126
16.4 The Firewall General Screen
.........................................................................................127
16.5 The Firewall Services Screen ..........................................................................................128
Chapter 17
Content Filtering ................................................................................................................... 131
17.1 Overview ..........................................................................................................................131
17.2 What You Need To Know .................................................................................................131
17.3 Content Filter ....................................................................................................................132
10
EMG1302-R10A User’s Guide
Table of Contents
Chapter 18
IPv6 Firewall .......................................................................................................................... 135
18.1 Overview ..........................................................................................................................135
18.2 The IPv6 Firewall Screen ................................................................................................135
Chapter 19
Remote Management............................................................................................................ 137
19.1 Overview ..........................................................................................................................137
19.2 What You Need to Know ..................................................................................................137
19.2.1 Remote Management and NAT ..............................................................................137
19.3 What You Can Do ............................................................................................................137
19.4 The WWW Screen
.........................................................................................................138
19.5 The Telnet Screen ............................................................................................................139
19.6 The SNMP Screen ...........................................................................................................140
19.7 The TR069 Screen ...........................................................................................................142
Chapter 20
Universal Plug-and-Play (UPnP).......................................................................................... 145
20.1 Overview ..........................................................................................................................145
20.2 What You Need to Know ..................................................................................................145
20.2.1 NAT Traversal .........................................................................................................145
20.2.2 Cautions with UPnP ................................................................................................145
20.3 UPnP Screen ...................................................................................................................146
20.4 Technical Reference .........................................................................................................146
20.4.1 Using UPnP in Windows XP Example ....................................................................146
20.4.2 Web Configurator Easy Access ..............................................................................149
Chapter 21
Maintenance .......................................................................................................................... 153
21.1 Overview ..........................................................................................................................153
21.2 What You Can Do ............................................................................................................153
21.3 General Screen ...............................................................................................................153
21.4 Account Screen ................................................................................................................154
21.4.1 Account Setup Screen ............................................................................................154
21.5 Time Setting Screen .........................................................................................................156
21.6 Firmware Upgrade Screen ...............................................................................................157
21.7 Configuration Backup/Restore Screen .............................................................................158
21.8 Restart Screen .................................................................................................................160
Chapter 22
Troubleshooting.................................................................................................................... 161
22.1 Overview ..........................................................................................................................161
22.2 Power, Hardware Connections, and LEDs .......................................................................161
EMG1302-R10A User’s Guide
11
Table of Contents
22.3 EMG1302-R10A Access and Login .................................................................................162
22.4 Internet Access ................................................................................................................163
22.5 Resetting the EMG1302-R10A to Its Factory Defaults .....................................................164
22.6 Wireless Router/AP Troubleshooting ...............................................................................165
Appendix A Customer Support ............................................................................................ 167
Appendix B Pop-up Windows, JavaScript and Java Permissions ....................................... 173
Appendix C Wireless LANs.................................................................................................. 185
Appendix D Common Services............................................................................................ 199
Appendix E Legal Information.............................................................................................. 203
Index ...................................................................................................................................... 211
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EMG1302-R10A User’s Guide
P ART I
User’s Guide
13
14
C HAPT ER
Introduction
1.1 Overview
This chapter introduces the main features and applications of the EMG1302-R10A.
The EMG1302-R10A Wireless N300 4-port Ethernet Gateway is an Ethernet Gateway that provides
four Ethernet ports meeting the IEEE 802.11 b/g/n wireless standard, and it features TR-069
remote management for telcos, service providers and cable operators as a home network solution
interoperating an FTTx or cable infrastructure.
A range of services such as a firewall and content filtering are also available for secure Internet
computing.
1.2 Applications
Your can create the following networks using the EMG1302-R10A:
• W ir e d. You can connect network devices via the Ethernet ports of the EMG1302-R10A so that
they can communicate with each other and access the Internet.
• W ir e le ss. Wireless clients can connect to the EMG1302-R10A to access network resources.
• W PS. Create an instant network connection with another WPS-compatible device, sharing your
network connection with it.
• W AN . Connect to a broadband modem/router for Internet access.
1.3 Ways to Manage the EMG1302-R10A
Use any of the following methods to manage the EMG1302-R10A.
• WPS (Wi-Fi Protected Setup). You can use the WPS button or the WPS section of the Web
Configurator to set up a wireless network with your ZyXEL Device.
• Web Configurator. This is recommended for everyday management of the EMG1302-R10A using a
(supported) web browser.
1.4 Good Habits for Managing the EMG1302-R10A
Do the following things regularly to make the EMG1302-R10A more secure and to manage the
EMG1302-R10A more effectively.
EMG1302-R10A User’s Guide
15
Chapter 1 Introduction
• Change the password. Use a password that’s not easy to guess and that consists of different
types of characters, such as numbers and letters.
• Write down the password and put it in a safe place.
• Back up the configuration (and make sure you know how to restore it). Restoring an earlier
working configuration may be useful if the device becomes unstable or even crashes. If you
forget your password, you will have to reset the EMG1302-R10A to its factory default settings. If
you backed up an earlier configuration file, you would not have to totally re-configure the
EMG1302-R10A. You could simply restore your last configuration.
1.5 LEDs
Figure 1 Front Panel
Pow e r WAN
Et he r ne t
WLAN I nt e r ne t
The following table describes the LEDs.
Table 1 Front panel LEDs
LED
COLOR
STATUS
Green
On
Off
DESCRIPTION
The EMG1302-R10A is receiving power and functioning properly.
The EMG1302-R10A is not receiving power.
Power
Green
WAN
16
Off
On
The EMG1302-R10A’s WAN connection is ready.
Blinking
The EMG1302-R10A is sending/receiving data through the WAN
with a 10/100Mbps transmission rate.
The WAN connection is not ready, or has failed.
EMG1302-R10A User’s Guide
Chapter 1 Introduction
Table 1 Front panel LEDs (continued)
LED
COLOR
STATUS
DESCRIPTION
LAN 1-4
Green
On
The EMG1302-R10A’s LAN connection is ready.
Blinking
The EMG1302-R10A is sending/receiving data through the LAN
with a 10/100Mbps transmission rate.
Off
Green
The LAN connection is not ready, or has failed.
On
The EMG1302-R10A is ready, but is not sending/receiving data
through the wireless LAN.
Blinking
The EMG1302-R10A is sending/receiving data through the
wireless LAN.
WLAN
Off
Green
Off
The wireless LAN is not ready or has failed.
On
Internet (WAN) connection is up (e.g. PPPeE/DHCP Client).
Blinking
Internet connection established.
Internet connection is down.
Internet
1.6 The WPS Button
Figure 2 Front Panel
WPS but t on
Your EMG1302-R10A supports WiFi Protected Setup (WPS), which is an easy way to set up a secure
wireless network. WPS is an industry standard specification, defined by the WiFi Alliance.
WPS allows you to quickly set up a wireless network with strong security, without having to
configure security settings manually. Each WPS connection works between two devices. Both
devices must support WPS (check each device’s documentation to make sure).
Depending on the devices you have, you can either press a button (on the device itself, or in its
configuration utility) or enter a PIN (a unique Personal Identification Number that allows one device
to authenticate the other) in each of the two devices. When WPS is activated on a device, it has two
minutes to find another device that also has WPS activated. Then, the two devices connect and set
up a secure network by themselves.
For more information on using WPS, see Section 6.2 on page 43.
EMG1302-R10A User’s Guide
17
Chapter 1 Introduction
1.7 Wall Mounting
You may need screw anchors if mounting on a concrete or brick wall.
Table 2 Wall Mounting Information
Distance between holes (measured from center to
center)
10.25 cm
M4 Screws
Two
Screw anchors (optional)
Two
Select a position free of obstructions on a wall strong enough to hold the weight of the device.
Mark two holes on the wall at the appropriate distance apart for the screws.
Be careful to avoid damaging pipes or cables located inside the wall
when drilling holes for the screws.
If using screw anchors, drill two holes for the screw anchors into the wall. Push the anchors into the
full depth of the holes, then insert the screws into the anchors. Do not insert the screws all the way
in - leave a small gap of about 0.5 cm.
If not using screw anchors, use a screwdriver to insert the screws into the wall. Do not insert the
screws all the way in - leave a gap of about 0.5 cm.
Make sure the screws are fastened well enough to hold the weight of the EMG1302-R10A with the
connection cables.
Align the holes on the back of the EMG1302-R10A with the screws on the wall. Hang the EMG1302R10A on the screws.
Figure 3 Wall Mounting Example
18
EMG1302-R10A User’s Guide
C HAPT ER
Introducing the Web Configurator
2.1 Overview
This chapter describes how to access the EMG1302-R10A Web Configurator and provides an
overview of its screens.
The Web Configurator is an HTML-based management interface that allows easy setup and
management of the EMG1302-R10A via Internet browser. Use Internet Explorer 6.0 and later
versions, Mozilla Firefox 3 and later versions, or Safari 2.0 and later versions. The recommended
screen resolution is 1024 by 768 pixels.
In order to use the Web Configurator you need to allow:
• Web browser pop-up windows from your device. Web pop-up blocking is enabled by default in
Windows XP SP (Service Pack) 2.
• JavaScript (enabled by default).
• Java permissions (enabled by default).
Refer to the Troubleshooting chapter (Chapter 22 on page 161) to see how to make sure these
functions are allowed in Internet Explorer.
2.2 Login Accounts
There are two system accounts that you can use to log in to the EMG1302-R10A: “a dm in ” and
“su pe r visor ”. These two accounts have different privilege levels. The web configurator screens
vary depending on which account you use to log in.
The su pe r visor accounts allows you full access to all system configurations. The default supervisor
user name is “supervisor” and password is “supervisor”.
With the a dm in account, you cannot access Re m ot e M GM T. The default username is “admin” and
password is “1234”.
2.3 Accessing the Web Configurator
Make sure your EMG1302-R10A hardware is properly connected and prepare your computer or
computer network to connect to the EMG1302-R10A (refer to the Quick Start Guide).
Launch your web browser.
EMG1302-R10A User’s Guide
19
Chapter 2 Introducing the Web Configurator
Type "http://192.168.1.1" as the website address.
Your computer must be in the same subnet in order to access this website address.
If you are logging in with the “a dm in” account, type “1234” (default) as the password.
If you are logging in with the “su pe r visor ” account, type “supervisor” (default) as the password.
Then click Login.
Figure 4 Admin Account Login
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 3 Login screen
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
User Name
Type “admin” or “supervisor” as the user name.
Password
Type “1234” (default) as the password.
Login
Click Login to enter the EMG1302-R10A’s web configurator.
You should see a screen asking you to change your password (highly recommended) as shown
next. Type a new password (and retype it to confirm) and click Apply or click I gnor e .
Figure 5 Change Password Screen
20
EMG1302-R10A User’s Guide
Chapter 2 Introducing the Web Configurator
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 4 Change Password Screen
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
New Password
Type a new password.
Retype to Confirm
Retype the password for confirmation.
Apply
Click Apply to save your changes back to the EMG1302-R10A.
Ignore
Click I gn or e if you do not want to change the password this time.
Note: The management session automatically times out when the time period set in the
Adm in ist r a t or I n a ct ivit y Tim e r field expires (default five minutes; go to Chapter
21 on page 153 to change this). Simply log back into the EMG1302-R10A if this
happens.
2.4 Resetting the EMG1302-R10A
If you forget your password or IP address, or you cannot access the Web Configurator, you will need
to use the RESET button at the back of the EMG1302-R10A to reload the factory-default
configuration file. This means that you will lose all configurations that you had previously saved, the
password will be reset to “supervisor” and the IP address will be reset to “192.168.1.1”.
2.4.1 Procedure to Use the RESET Button
Make sure the power LED is on.
Press and hold the RESET button for at least 1 second to restart/reboot the EMG1302-R10A.
Press and hold the RESET button for at least 5 seconds to set the EMG1302-R10A back to its
factory-default configurations.
EMG1302-R10A User’s Guide
21
Chapter 2 Introducing the Web Configurator
22
EMG1302-R10A User’s Guide
C HAPT ER
Quick Start
3.1 Overview
Use the Quick Start screens to configure the ZyXEL Device’s time zone and basic Internet access
and wireless settings.
Note: See the technical reference chapters (starting on page 55) for background
information on the features in this chapter.
3.2 Quick Start Setup
Click the W iza r d icon
in the top right corner of the web configurator to open the quick start
screens. Select the time zone of the ZyXEL Device’s location and click N e x t .
Figure 6 Time Zone
To change the current password, enter your existing password in the Old Pa ssw or d fie ld and the
new password in the N e w Pa ssw or d and Re t ype t o Con fir m fields.
EMG1302-R10A User’s Guide
23
Chapter 3 Quick Start
Click N e x t to continue.
Figure 7 Setup Login Password
Select the time zone for this device from the drop-down menu or click D e t e ct Aga in to
automatically select the time zone.
Click N e x t to continue.
Figure 8 Setup Time Zone
24
Setup the WAN type by selecting a configuration type from the W AN Type drop-down menu.
Enter the device’s IP address in the LAN I P Addr e ss field if a static IP address is assigned.
EMG1302-R10A User’s Guide
Chapter 3 Quick Start
Click N e x t to continue.
Figure 9 Select WAN Type
Configure the WAN type, select from the following settings:
• Dynamic IP Address (default)
• Static IP Address
• PPP Over Ethernet
• PPTP
10 The WAN Type window as selected above displays. Fill in the respective fields to complete the WAN
Type configuration.
11 Click N e x t to continue.
Figure 10 Configure Dynamic IP Address
12 In the Wireless settings menu, select Ena ble to activate the device’s wireless function.
EMG1302-R10A User’s Guide
25
Chapter 3 Quick Start
13 Enter the SSID in the Network ID field to identify this device on the network.
14 Select a channel designation from the drop-down menu or select Aut o to allow the device to
automatically assign one.
15 Click N e x t to continue.
Figure 11 Setup Wireless Settings
16 Select a security mode from the drop-down menu: W PA2 - PSK (default) or N o Se cu r it y.
17 Enter a pre-shared key or use the automatically generated key in the Pr e - Sha r e d Ke y field.
18 Click N e x t to continue.
Figure 12 Setup Wireless Security Settings
The Summary window displays with the selected configuration settings.
26
EMG1302-R10A User’s Guide
Chapter 3 Quick Start
19 If the information does not require modification, select the D o you w a nt t o pr oce e d t he n e t w or k
t e st ing? and click Apply Se t t ings.
Figure 13 Setup Summary
The device begins applying the new settings. The process requires a short time to fully complete.
20 Once the process is complete, click the Fin ish button to return to the St a t us page.
EMG1302-R10A User’s Guide
27
Chapter 3 Quick Start
28
EMG1302-R10A User’s Guide
C HAPT ER
Monitor
4.1 Overview
This chapter discusses read-only information related to the device state of the EMG1302-R10A.
To access the Monitor screens, click
. Click ope n a ll to show the complete menu.
You can also click the links in the Sum m a r y table of the St a t us screen to view the bandwidth
consumed, packets sent/received as well as the status of clients connected to the EMG1302-R10A.
4.2 What You Can Do
• Use the Log screen to see the logs for the activity on the EMG1302-R10A (Section 4.3 on page
30).
• Use the D H CP Ta ble screen to view information related to your DHCP status (Section 4.4 on
page 31).
• Use the Pa ck e t St a t ist ics screen to view port statistics and the "system up time" (Section 4.5
on page 32).
• Use the W LAN St a t ion St a t us screen to view the wireless stations that are currently associated
to the EMG1302-R10A (Section 4.6 on page 33).
EMG1302-R10A User’s Guide
29
Chapter 4 Monitor
4.3 The Log Screen
The Web Configurator allows you to look at all of the EMG1302-R10A’s logs in one location.
4.3.1 View Log
Click M onit or > Log to open the Vie w Log screen. You can see the logged messages for the
EMG1302-R10A. The log wraps around and deletes the old entries after it fills. Click Cle a r Log to
delete all the logs. Click Re fr e sh to renew the log screen.
Figure 14 View Log
30
EMG1302-R10A User’s Guide
Chapter 4 Monitor
4.3.2 Log Setting
You can configure which logs to display in the Vie w Log screen. Click M on it or > Log to open the
Log Se t t ing screen and select the logs you wish to display. You can configure active log and alert
settings.
Figure 15 Log Setting
4.4 DHCP Table
Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP), RFC 2131 and RFC 2132 allow individual clients to
obtain TCP/IP configuration at start-up from a server. You can configure the EMG1302-R10A’s LAN
as a DHCP server or disable it. When configured as a server, the EMG1302-R10A provides the
TCP/IP configuration for the clients. If DHCP service is disabled, you must have another DHCP
server on that network, or else the computer must be manually configured.
Click the D H CP Ta ble ( D e t a ils...) hyperlink in the St a t u s screen or M onit or > D H CP Ta ble .
Read-only information here relates to your DHCP status. The DHCP table shows current DHCP client
information (including H ost N a m e , I P Addr e ss, and M a c Addr e ss) of all network clients using
the EMG1302-R10A’s DHCP server.
Figure 16 Summary: DHCP Table
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 5 Summary: DHCP Table
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
This is the index number of the host computer.
Status
This field displays weather the connection to the host computer is up (a yellow bulb) or
down (a grey bulb).
Host Name
This field displays the computer host name.
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31
Chapter 4 Monitor
Table 5 Summary: DHCP Table (continued)
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
IP Address
This field displays the IP address relative to the # field listed above.
MAC Address
This field shows the MAC address of the computer with the name in the H ost N a m e
field.
Every Ethernet device has a unique MAC (Media Access Control) address which uniquely
identifies a device. The MAC address is assigned at the factory and consists of six pairs
of hexadecimal characters, for example, 00:A0:C5:00:00:02.
Reserve
Select this if you want to reserve the IP address for this specific MAC address.
Apply
Click Apply to save your changes back to the EMG1302-R10A.
Cancel
Click Ca n ce l to exit this screen without saving.
4.5 Packet Statistics
Click the Pa ck e t St a t ist ics ( D e t a ils...) hyperlink in the St a t u s screen or M onit or > Pa ck e t
St a t ist ics. Read-only information here includes port statistics and the "system up time". The Poll
I nt e r va l( s) field is configurable and is used for refreshing the screen.
Figure 17 Summary: Packet Statistics
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 6 Summary: Packet Statistics
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
Port
This is the EMG1302-R10A’s port type.
Status
For the LAN ports, this displays the port speed and duplex setting or D ow n when the
line is disconnected.
For the WAN port, it displays the port speed and duplex setting if you’re using Ethernet
encapsulation and I dle (line (ppp) idle), D ia l (starting to trigger a call) and Drop
(dropping a call) if you’re using PPPoE or PPTP encapsulation. This field displays Down
when the line is disconnected.
For the WLAN, it displays the maximum transmission rate when the WLAN is enabled
and D ow n when the WLAN is disabled.
32
TxPkts
This is the number of transmitted packets on this port.
RxPkts
This is the number of received packets on this port.
EMG1302-R10A User’s Guide
Chapter 4 Monitor
Table 6 Summary: Packet Statistics (continued)
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
Collisions
This is the number of collisions on this port.
Tx B/s
This displays the transmission speed in bytes per second on this port.
Rx B/s
This displays the reception speed in bytes per second on this port.
Up Time
This is the total time the EMG1302-R10A has been for each session.
System Up Time
This is the total time the EMG1302-R10A has been on.
Poll Interval(s)
Enter the time interval in seconds for refreshing statistics in this field.
Set Interval
Click this button to apply the new poll interval you entered in the Poll I n t e r va l( s)
field.
Stop
Click St op to stop refreshing statistics.
4.6 WLAN Station Status
Click the W LAN St a t ion St a t us ( D e t a ils...) hyperlink in the St a t us screen or M onit or > W LAN
St a t ion St a t us. View the wireless stations that are currently associated to the EMG1302-R10A in
the Associa t ion List . Association means that a wireless client (for example, your network or
computer with a wireless network card) has connected successfully to the AP (or wireless router)
using the same SSID, channel and security settings.
Figure 18 Summary: Association List
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 7 Summary: Wireless Association List
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
This is the index number of an associated wireless station.
MAC Address
This field displays the MAC address of an associated wireless station.
Association Time
This field displays the time a wireless station first associated with the EMG1302-R10A’s
WLAN network.
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33
Chapter 4 Monitor
34
EMG1302-R10A User’s Guide
C HAPT ER
Router Mode
5.1 Overview
The EMG1302-R10A router mode connects the local network to another network (for example, the
Internet). In the figure below, the EMG1302-R10A connects the local network (LAN 1 ~ LAN 4 ) to
the Internet.
Figure 19 EMG1302-R10A Network
Modem
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35
Chapter 5 Router Mode
5.2 Router Mode Status Screen
Click
to open the status screen.
Figure 20 Status Screen: Router Mode
The following table describes the icons shown in the St a t u s screen.
Table 8 Status Screen Icon Key: Router Mode
ICON
DESCRIPTION
Click this icon to open screens where you can configure the ZyXEL Device’s time zone Internet
access, and wireless settings.
Click this icon to view copyright and a link for related product information.
Click this at any time to exit the Web Configurator.
Select a number of seconds or N on e from the drop-down list box to refresh all screen statistics
automatically at the end of every time interval or to not refresh the screen statistics.
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Chapter 5 Router Mode
Table 8 Status Screen Icon Key: Router Mode (continued)
ICON
DESCRIPTION
Click this button to refresh the status screen statistics.
Click this icon to see the St a t u s page. The information in this screen depends on the device
mode you select.
Click this icon to see the M on it or navigation menu.
Click this icon to see the Con figu r a t ion navigation menu.
Click this icon to see the M a in t e n a n ce navigation menu.
The following table describes the labels shown in the St a t u s screen.
Table 9 Status Screen: Router Mode
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
Device Information
Host Name
This is the device’s host name.
Model Number
This is the device’s model number.
Firmware Version
This is the firmware version.
WAN Information
- MAC Address
This shows the WAN Ethernet adapter MAC Address of your device.
- IP Address
This shows the WAN port’s IP address.
- IP Subnet Mask
This shows the WAN port’s subnet mask.
- Default Gateway
This shows the default gateway address.
- IPv6 Address
This shows the WAN port's IPv6 address.
LAN Information
- MAC Address
This shows the LAN Ethernet adapter MAC Address of your device.
- IP Address
This shows the LAN port’s IP address.
- IP Subnet Mask
This shows the LAN port’s subnet mask.
- DHCP
This shows the LAN port’s DHCP role - Se r ve r or D isa ble .
- IPv6 Address
This shows the LAN port's IPv6 address.
WLAN Information
- WLAN OP Mode
This shows the device mode to which the EMG1302-R10A’s wireless LAN is set.
- MAC Address
This shows the wireless adapter MAC Address of your device.
- SSID
This shows a descriptive name used to identify the EMG1302-R10A in the wireless LAN.
- Channel
This shows the channel number which you select manually.
- Security
This shows the level of wireless security the EMG1302-R10A is using.
Firewall
This shows the firewall enabled or not.
System Status
Item
This column shows the type of data the EMG1302-R10A is recording.
Data
This column shows the actual data recorded by the EMG1302-R10A.
System Up Time
This is the total time the EMG1302-R10A has been on.
Current Date/Time
This field displays your EMG1302-R10A’s present date and time.
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Chapter 5 Router Mode
Table 9 Status Screen: Router Mode (continued)
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
System Resource
- CPU Usage
This displays what percentage of the EMG1302-R10A’s processing ability is currently used.
When this percentage is close to 100%, the EMG1302-R10A is running at full load, and the
throughput is not going to improve anymore. If you want some applications to have more
throughput, you should turn off other applications (for example, using bandwidth
management.)
- Memory Usage
This shows what percentage of the heap memory the EMG1302-R10A is using.
Interface Status
Interface
This displays the EMG1302-R10A port types. The port types are: W AN , LAN and W LAN .
Status
For the LAN and WAN ports, this field displays D ow n (line is down) or Up (line is up or
connected).
For the WLAN, it displays Up when the WLAN is enabled or D ow n when the WLAN is
disabled.
Rate
For the LAN ports, this displays the port speed and duplex setting or N / A when the line is
disconnected.
For the WAN port, it displays the port speed and duplex setting if you’re using Ethernet
encapsulation. This field displays N / A when the line is disconnected.
For the WLAN, it displays the maximum transmission rate when the WLAN is enabled and N /
A when the WLAN is disabled.
WAN
This shows the WAN status and data transfer rate.
LAN1
This shows the LAN1 status and data transfer rate.
LAN2
This shows the LAN2 status and data transfer rate.
LAN3
This shows the LAN3 status and data transfer rate.
LAN4
This shows the LAN4 status and data transfer rate.
WLAN
This shows the WLAN status and data transfer rate.
Summary
Packet Statistics
Click D e t a ils... to go to the M on it or > Pa ck e t St a t ist ics screen (Section 4.5 on page 32).
Use this screen to view port status and packet specific statistics.
WLAN Station Status
Click D e t a ils... to go to the M on it or > W LAN St a t ion St a t u s screen (Section 4.6 on page
33). Use this screen to view the wireless stations that are currently associated to the
EMG1302-R10A.
38
EMG1302-R10A User’s Guide
Chapter 5 Router Mode
5.2.1 Navigation Panel
Use the sub-menus on the navigation panel to configure EMG1302-R10A features.
Figure 21 Navigation Panel: Router Mode
The following table describes the sub-menus.
Table 10 Navigation Panel: Router Mode
LINK
TAB
Status
FUNCTION
This screen shows the EMG1302-R10A’s general device, system and
interface status information. Use this screen to access the summary
statistics tables.
M ON I TOR
Log
Use this screen to view the list of activities recorded by your EMG1302R10A.
DHCP Table
Use this screen to view current DHCP client information.
Packet Statistics
Use this screen to view port status and packet specific statistics.
WLAN Station
Status
Use this screen to view the wireless stations that are currently associated
to the EMG1302-R10A.
CON FI GURATI ON
Open all | close
all
Click Ope n a ll to see all the sub menus in Configuration section. Click
close a ll to close all the sub menus in Configuration section.
Network
WAN
EMG1302-R10A User’s Guide
Management
WAN
This screen allows you to configure ISP parameters, WAN IP address
assignment, DNS servers, the WAN MAC address, and VLAN settings.
Add New
WAN Entries
Click to add new ISP parameters for Internet access.
39
Chapter 5 Router Mode
Table 10 Navigation Panel: Router Mode (continued)
LINK
TAB
FUNCTION
General
Use this screen to configure wireless LAN and the level of wireless security
for the EMG1302-R10A.
More AP
Use this screen to configure multiple BBs for the EMG1302-R10A.
MAC Filter
Use the MAC filter screen to configure the EMG1302-R10A to block access
to devices or block the devices from accessing the EMG1302-R10A.
Advanced
This screen allows you to configure advanced wireless settings.
QoS
Use this screen to enable Wi-Fi Multimedia Quality of Service (WMM QoS).
WMM QoS allows you to prioritize wireless traffic according to the delivery
requirements of individual services.
WPS
Use this screen to configure WPS.
WPS Station
Use this screen to add a wireless station using WPS.
Scheduling
Use this screen to schedule the times the Wireless LAN is enabled.
WDS
Use this screen to set up Wireless Distribution System links to other access
points.
LAN
IP
Use this screen to configure LAN IP address and subnet mask.
DHCP Server
General
Use this screen to enable the EMG1302-R10A’s DHCP server.
Advanced
Use this screen to assign IP addresses to specific individual computers
based on their MAC addresses and to have DNS servers assigned by the
DHCP server.
Client List
Use this screen to view the individual client list.
General
Use this screen to enable Wi-Fi Multimedia Quality of Service (WMM QoS).
WMM QoS allows you to prioritize wireless traffic according to the delivery
requirements of individual services.
Rule-based
QoS
Use this screen to create traffic policies based on QoS features.
General
Use this screen to enable NAT.
Port
Forwarding
Use this screen to make your local servers visible to the outside world.
Port Trigger
Use this screen to change EMG1302-R10A port triggering settings.
Wireless LAN
QoS
NAT
ALG
DDNS
Dynamic DNS
Use this screen to set up dynamic DNS.
Routing
Static Route
Use this screen to configure IP static routes.
Dynamic
Routing
Interface
Group
Interface
Group
Use this screen to add a LAN interface or a VLAN ID to a new group.
General
Use this screen to activate/deactivate the firewall and Anti-Dos Attack.
Services
Use this screen to configure ICMP setting of the EMG1302-R10A.
Content
Filter
Content Filter
Use this screen to block sites containing certain keywords in the URL.
IPv6 Firewall
Service
Use this screen to enable (disable) and add IPv6 firewall rules.
Security
Firewall
40
EMG1302-R10A User’s Guide
Chapter 5 Router Mode
Table 10 Navigation Panel: Router Mode (continued)
LINK
TAB
FUNCTION
WWW
Use this screen to configure through which interface(s) and from which IP
address(es) users can use HTTP to manage the EMG1302-R10A.
Telnet
Use this screen to configure through which interface(s) and from which IP
address(es) users can use Telnet to manage the EMG1302-R10A.
SNMP
Use this screen to enable Wake on LAN to remotely turn on a device on the
local network.
TR069
Use this screen to configure the remote management over the WAN by an
Auto Configuration Server (ACS).
UPnP
Use this screen to enable UPnP on the EMG1302-R10A.
General
General
Use this screen to view and change administrative settings such as system
and domain names.
Account
User Account
Use this screen to change the password of your EMG1302-R10A.
Time
Time Setting
Use this screen to change your EMG1302-R10A’s time and date.
Firmware
Upgrade
Firmware
Upgrade
Use this screen to upload firmware to your EMG1302-R10A.
Backup/
Restore
Backup/
Restore
Use this screen to backup and restore the configuration or reset the factory
defaults to your EMG1302-R10A.
Restart
System
Restart
This screen allows you to reboot the EMG1302-R10A without turning the
power off.
Management
Remote
MGMT
UPnP
M AI N TEN AN CE
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Chapter 5 Router Mode
42
EMG1302-R10A User’s Guide
C HAPT ER
Tutorials
6.1 Overview
This chapter provides tutorials for setting up your EMG1302-R10A.
• Set Up a Wireless Network with WPS
• Configure Wireless Security without WPS
• Using Multiple SSIDs on the EMG1302-R10A
6.2 Set Up a Wireless Network with WPS
This section gives you an example of how to set up wireless network using WPS. This example uses
the EMG1302-R10A as the AP and as the wireless client which connects to a notebook.
Note: The wireless client must be a WPS-aware device (for example, a WPS USB adapter
or PCI card).
There are two WPS methods for creating a secure connection. This tutorial shows you how to do
both.
• Push Bu t t on Configu r a t ion ( PBC) - create a secure wireless network simply by pressing a
button. See Section 6.2.1 on page 43.This is the easier method.
• PI N Con figu r a t ion - create a secure wireless network simply by entering a wireless client's PIN
(Personal Identification Number) in the EMG1302-R10A’s interface. See Section 6.2.2 on page
44. This is the more secure method, since one device can authenticate the other.
6.2.1 Push Button Configuration (PBC)
Make sure that your EMG1302-R10A is turned on. Make sure the device is placed within range of
your computer.
Make sure that you have installed the wireless client (this example uses the ) driver and utility in
your notebook.
In the wireless client utility, find the WPS settings. Enable WPS and press the WPS button (St a r t or
W PS button).
Log into EMG1302-R10A’s Web Configurator and press the Pu sh But t on in the Con figu r a t ion >
N e t w or k > W ir e le ss LAN > W PS St a t ion screen.
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Chapter 6 Tutorials
Note: Your EMG1302-R10A has a WPS button located on top panel, as well as a WPS
button in its configuration utility. Both buttons have exactly the same function; you
can use one or the other.
Note: It doesn’t matter which button is pressed first. You must press the second button
within two minutes of pressing the first one.
The EMG1302-R10A sends the proper configuration settings to the wireless client. This may take up
to two minutes. Then the wireless client is able to communicate with the EMG1302-R10A securely.
The following figure shows you an example to set up wireless network and security by pressing a
button on both EMG1302-R10A and wireless client (the in this example).
Figure 22 Example WPS Process: PBC Method
Wireless Client
Access Point
WITHIN 2 MINUTES
SECURITY INFO
COMMUNICATION
6.2.2 PIN Configuration
When you use the PIN configuration method, you need to use both EMG1302-R10A’s configuration
interface and the client’s utilities.
44
Launch your wireless client’s configuration utility. Go to the WPS settings and select the PIN method
to get a PIN number.
Enter the PIN number to the PI N field in the Con figu r a t ion > N e t w or k > W ir e le ss LAN > W PS
St a t ion screen on the EMG1302-R10A.
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Chapter 6 Tutorials
Click St a r t buttons (or button next to the PIN field) on both the wireless client utility screen and the
EMG1302-R10A’s W PS St a t ion screen within two minutes.
The EMG1302-R10A authenticates the wireless client and sends the proper configuration settings to
the wireless client. This may take up to two minutes. Then the wireless client is able to
communicate with the EMG1302-R10A securely.
The following figure shows you the example to set up wireless network and security on EMG1302R10A and wireless client (ex. in this example) by using PIN method.
Figure 23 Example WPS Process: PIN Method
Wireless Client
Access Point
WITHIN 2 MINUTES
6.3 Configure Wireless Security without WPS
This example shows you how to configure wireless security settings with the following parameters
on your EMG1302-R10A.
SSI D
SSID_Example
Ch a n n e l
Se cu r it y
WPA-PSK
(Pre-Shared Key: ThisismyWPA-PSKpre-sharedkey)
Follow the steps below to configure the wireless settings on your EMG1302-R10A.
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Chapter 6 Tutorials
The instructions require that your hardware is connected (see the Quick Start Guide) and you are
logged into the Web Configurator through your LAN connection (see Section 2.3 on page 19).
46
Make sure the W LAN switch (at the back panel of the EMG1302-R10A) is set to ON .
Open the Con figu r a t ion > N e t w or k > W ir e le ss LAN > Ge n e r a l screen in the AP’s Web
Configurator.
Confirm that the status of wireless LAN is ON .
Enter SSI D _ Ex a m ple 3 as the SSID and select Ch a nn e l- 0 6 as the channel. Set security to W PA2 PSK and enter Thisism yW PA- PSKpr e - sha r e dk e y in the Pr e - Sh a r e d Ke y field. Click Apply.l
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Chapter 6 Tutorials
Open the St a t us screen. Verify your wireless and wireless security settings under D e vice
I nfor m a t ion and check if the WLAN connection is up under I nt e r fa ce St a t us.
6.3.1 Configure Your Notebook
Note: We use the ZyXEL M-302 wireless adapter utility screens as an example for the
wireless client. The screens may vary for different models.
The EMG1302-R10A supports IEEE 802.11b, IEEE 802.11g and IEEE 802.11n wireless clients. Make
sure that your notebook or computer’s wireless adapter supports one of these standards.
Wireless adapters come with software sometimes called a “utility” that you install on your
computer. See your wireless adapter’s User’s Guide for information on how to do that.
After you’ve installed the utility, open it. If you cannot see your utility’s icon on your screen, go to
St a r t > Pr ogr a m s and click on your utility in the list of programs that appears. The utility displays
a list of APs within range, as shown in the example screen below.
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47
Chapter 6 Tutorials
48
Select SSID_Example3 and click Conne ct .
Select WPA-PSK and type the security key in the following screen. Click N e x t .
The Confir m Sa ve window appears. Check your settings and click Sa ve to continue.
Check the status of your wireless connection in the screen below. If your wireless connection is
weak or you have no connection, see Chapter 22 Troubleshooting section of this User’s Guide.
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Chapter 6 Tutorials
If your connection is successful, open your Internet browser and enter http://www.zyxel.com or the
URL of any other web site in the address bar. If you are able to access the web site, your wireless
connection is successfully configured.
6.4 Using Multiple SSIDs on the EMG1302-R10A
You can configure more than one SSID on a EMG1302-R10A when it is operating in access point or
universal repeater mode. This allows you to configure multiple independent wireless networks on
the EMG1302-R10A as if there were multiple APs (virtual APs). Each virtual AP has its own SSID,
wireless security type and MAC filtering settings. That is, each SSID on the EMG1302-R10A
represents a different access point/wireless network to wireless clients in the network.
Clients can associate only with the SSIDs for which they have the correct security settings. Clients
using different SSIDs can access the Internet and the wired network behind the EMG1302-R10A
(such as a printer). You can allow communication between wireless clients of different SSIDs in the
Con figu r a t ion > N e t w or k > W ir e le ss LAN > Ge ne r a l screen. See Section 8.4 on page 78 for
more information.
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Chapter 6 Tutorials
For example, you may set up three wireless networks (A, B and C) in your office. A is for workers,
B is for guests and C is specific to a VoIP device in the meeting room.
SSI D _ W or k e r
SSI D _ VoI P
SSI D _ Gue st
6.4.1 Configuring Security Settings of Multiple SSIDs
This example shows you how to configure the SSIDs with the following parameters on your
EMG1302-R10A.
SSID
SECURITY TYPE
KEY
MAC FILTERING
SSID_Worker
WPA2-PSK
DoNotStealMyWirelessNetwork
Disable
VoIPOnly12345678
Allow
WPA Compatible
SSID_VoIP
WPA-PSK
00:A0:C5:01:23:45
SSID_Guest
50
WPA-PSK
keyexample123
Disable
Connect your computer to the LAN port of the EMG1302-R10A using an Ethernet cable.
The default IP address of the EMG1302-R10A in router mode is “192.168.1.1”. In this case, your
computer must have an IP address in the range between “192.168.1.2” and “192.168.1.254”.
Click St a r t > Run on your computer in Windows. Type “cmd” in the dialog box. Enter “ipconfig” to
show your computer’s IP address. If your computer’s IP address is not in the correct range then see
Appendix C on page 251 for information on changing your computer’s IP address.
After you’ve set your computer’s IP address, open a web browser such as Internet Explorer and
type “http://192.168.1.1” as the web address in your web browser.
Enter “1234” (default) as the password and click Login .
Type a new password and retype it to confirm, then click Apply. Otherwise, click I gn or e .
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Chapter 6 Tutorials
Go to Configu r a t ion > N e t w or k > W ir e le ss LAN > M or e AP. Click the Edit icon of the first
entry to configure wireless and security settings for SSI D _ W or k e r.
Configure the screen as follows. In this example, you enable I nt r a - BSS Tr a ffic for SSI D _ W or k e r
to allow wireless clients in the same wireless network to communicate with each other. Click Apply.
Click the Edit icon of the second entry to configure wireless and security settings for SSI D _ VoI P.
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Chapter 6 Tutorials
10 Configure the screen as follows. You do not enable I nt r a - BSS Tr a ffic for SSI D _ VoI P. Click Apply.
11 Click the M AC Filt e r tab to configure MAC filtering for the SSI D _ V oI P wireless network. Select
SSI D _ VoI P from the SSI D Se le ct drop-down list, enable MAC address filtering and set the Filt e r
Act ion to Allow . Enter the VoIP device’s MAC address in the M a c Addr e ss field and click Apply to
allow only the VoIP device to associate with the EMG1302-R10A using this SSID.
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P ART II
Technical Reference
53
54
C HAPT ER
WAN
7.1 Overview
This chapter discusses the EMG1302-R10A’s W AN screens. Use these screens to configure your
EMG1302-R10A for Internet access.
A WAN (Wide Area Network) connection is an outside connection to another network or the
Internet. It connects your private networks such as a LAN (Local Area Network) and other
networks, so that a computer in one location can communicate with computers in other locations.
Figure 24 LAN and WAN
LAN
W AN
7.2 What You Can Do
• Use the M a n a ge m e n t W AN screen to enter your ISP information and set how the computer
acquires its IP, DNS and WAN MAC addresses (Section 7.4 on page 59).
• Use the Adva nce d screen to enable multicasting and auto-IP-change (Section 7.5 on page 72).
EMG1302-R10A User’s Guide
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Chapter 7 WAN
7.3 What You Need To Know
The information in this section can help you configure the screens for your WAN connection, as well
as enable/disable some advanced features of your EMG1302-R10A.
7.3.1 Configuring Your Internet Connection
Encapsulation Method
Encapsulation is used to include data from an upper layer protocol into a lower layer protocol. To set
up a WAN connection to the Internet, you need to use the same encapsulation method used by your
ISP (Internet Service Provider). If your ISP offers a dial-up Internet connection using PPPoE (PPP
over Ethernet) or PPTP (Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol), they should also provide a username
and password (and service name) for user authentication.
WAN IP Address
The WAN IP address is an IP address for the EMG1302-R10A, which makes it accessible from an
outside network. It is used by the EMG1302-R10A to communicate with other devices in other
networks. It can be static (fixed) or dynamically assigned by the ISP each time the EMG1302-R10A
tries to access the Internet.
If your ISP assigns you a static WAN IP address, they should also assign you the subnet mask and
DNS server IP address(es) (and a gateway IP address if you use the Ethernet or ENET ENCAP
encapsulation method).
DNS Server Address Assignment
Use Domain Name System (DNS) to map a domain name to its corresponding IP address and vice
versa, for instance, the IP address of www.zyxel.com is 204.217.0.2. The DNS server is extremely
important because without it, you must know the IP address of a computer before you can access
it.
The EMG1302-R10A can get the DNS server addresses in the following ways.
56
The ISP tells you the DNS server addresses, usually in the form of an information sheet, when you
sign up. If your ISP gives you DNS server addresses, manually enter them in the DNS server fields.
If your ISP dynamically assigns the DNS server IP addresses (along with the EMG1302-R10A’s WAN
IP address), set the DNS server fields to get the DNS server address from the ISP.
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WAN MAC Address
The MAC address screen allows users to configure the WAN port's MAC address by either using the
factory default or cloning the MAC address from a computer on your LAN. Choose Fa ct or y D e fa ult
to select the factory assigned default MAC Address.
Otherwise, click Clone t he com put e r 's M AC a ddr e ss and enter the IP address of the computer on
the LAN whose MAC you are cloning. Once it is successfully configured, the address will be copied to
configuration file. It is recommended that you clone the MAC address prior to hooking up the WAN
Port.
Maximum Transmission Unit
A maximum transmission unit (MTU) is the largest size packet or frame, specified in octets (eightbit bytes) that can be sent in a packet- or frame-based network. The Transmission Control Protocol
(TCP) uses the MTU to determine the maximum size of each packet in any transmission. Too large
an MTU size may mean retransmissions if the packet encounters a router that can't handle that
large a packet. Too small an MTU size means relatively more header overhead and more
acknowledgements that have to be sent and handled.
7.3.2 Multicast
Traditionally, IP packets are transmitted in one of either two ways - Unicast (1 sender - 1 recipient)
or Broadcast (1 sender - everybody on the network). Multicast delivers IP packets to a group of
hosts on the network - not everybody and not just 1.
Figure 25 Multicast Example
Se r ve r
In the multicast example above, systems A and D comprise one multicast group. In multicasting,
the server only needs to send one data stream and this is delivered to systems A and D.
IGMP (Internet Group Multicast Protocol) is a network-layer protocol used to establish membership
in a multicast group - it is not used to carry user data. The EMG1302-R10A supports both IGMP
version 1 (I GM P- v1 ) and IGMP version 2 (I GM P- v2 ).
At start up, the EMG1302-R10A queries all directly connected networks to gather group
membership. After that, the EMG1302-R10A periodically updates this information. IP multicasting
can be enabled/disabled on the EMG1302-R10A LAN and/or WAN interfaces in the Web Configurator
(LAN ; W AN ). Select N one to disable IP multicasting on these interfaces.
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Chapter 7 WAN
Auto-IP-Change
When the EMG1302-R10A gets a WAN IP address which is in the same subnet as the LAN IP
address 192.168.1.1, Auto-IP-Change allows the EMG1302-R10A to change its LAN IP address to
10.0.0.1 automatically. If the EMG1302-R10A’s original LAN IP address is 10.0.0.1 and the WAN IP
address is in the same subnet, such as 10.0.0.3, the EMG1302-R10A switches to use 192.168.1.1
as its LAN IP address.
Figure 26 Auto-IP-Change
LAN
192.168.1.1
WAN
192.168.1.23
10.0.0.1
Auto-IP-Change only works under the following conditions:
• The EMG1302-R10A must be in Rou t e r M ode (see Chapter 21 on page 158 for more
information) for Auto-IP-Change to become active.
• The EMG1302-R10A is set to receive a dynamic WAN IP address using the Ethernet or PPPoE
connection type.
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7.4 Management WAN
Use this screen to view, change, or add your EMG1302-R10A’s Internet access settings. Click
Con figu r a t ion > N e t w or k > W AN . The following screen opens.
Figure 27 Configuration > Network > Management WAN
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 11 Configuration > Network > Management WAN
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
Add New WAN Entry
Click this to create a new WAN interface entry.
This is the index number of the connection.
Default
Select the WAN interface that you want to configure as default.
Name
This is the service name of the connection.
Interface
This is the interface of the connection.
Type
This shows the type of interface used by this connection.
VLAN ID
This indicates the VLAN ID number assigned to traffic sent through this connection.
IP Address
This is the WAN IP address used by this connection.
Status
This shows the status of the connection.
Modify
Click the Edit icon to configure the connection.
Click the D e le t e icon to delete this connection from the EMG1302-R10A. A window
displays asking you to confirm that you want to delete the connection.
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Chapter 7 WAN
7.4.1 Add/Edit Internet Connection
Click the Add N e w W AN Ent r y in the Configur a t ion > W AN screen or the Edit icon next to the
connection you want to configure. Use this screen to configure a WAN connection. The screen varies
depending on the encapsulation you select.
This screen displays when you select Add N e w W AN En t r y encapsulation.
Figure 28 Configuration > WAN > Add New WAN Entry
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The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 12 Configuration > WAN > Add New WAN Entry
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
ISP Parameters for Internet Access
WAN Name
Enter the name designation for this setting.
Note: Only the following parameters are available in Bridge mode: WAN name,
encapsulation and VID.
Encapsulation
Select the encapsulation type: PPPoE, PPTP, I PoE, or Br idge .
VID (1~4094)
Enter a VLAN identifier between 1 to 4094 (the 802.1Q tag specifies only a priority and
is referred to as a priority tag). In bridge mode, VID 1 (the default VLAN ID) is reserved
for a management VLAN.
IP Address
Select Obt a in a n I P Addr e ss Au t om a t ica lly to have your ISP assign the parameters.
Select St a t ic I P Addr e ss to enter a pre-defined IP Address, Subnet Mask, and
Gateway IP address.
MTU Size
Enter the Maximum Transmission Unit (MTU) or the largest packet size per frame that
your EMG1302-R10A can receive and process.
DHCP Option
Enable DHCP Option
121
Select Enable DHCP Option 121 to enable the classless route option 121.
Enable DHCP Option
60
Select Enable DHCP Option 60 to enable and enter the device’s Vendor Class Identifier
(VCI).
DNS Server
First DNS Server
Second DNS Server
If you select Ge t a u t om a t ica lly fr om I SP ( D e fa u lt ) in the W AN I P Addr e ss
Assignm e n t section, this field will automatically be set to Fr om I SP. The field to the
right displays the (read-only) DNS server IP address that the ISP assigns.
If you select Use Fix e d I P Addr e ss in the W AN I P Addr e ss Assignm e n t section,
this field will automatically be set to Use r - D e fin e d. Enter the DNS server's IP address
in the field to the right.
WAN MAC Address
WAN MAC Address
The MAC address section allows users to configure the WAN port's MAC address by
either using the EMG1302-R10A’s MAC address, copying the MAC address from a
computer on your LAN or manually entering a MAC address.
Factory default
Select Fa ct or y de fa ult to use the factory assigned default MAC Address.
Clone the
computer’s MAC
address
Select Clon e t h e com pu t e r ' s M AC a ddr e ss and enter the IP address of the computer
on the LAN whose MAC you are cloning.
Set WAN MAC
Address
Select this option and enter the MAC address you want to use.
Apply
Click Apply to save your changes back to the EMG1302-R10A.
Cancel
Click Ca n ce l to exit this screen without saving.
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7.4.1.1 PPPoE Encapsulation
The EMG1302-R10A supports PPPoE (Point-to-Point Protocol over Ethernet). PPPoE is an IETF
standard (RFC 2516) specifying how a personal computer (PC) interacts with a broadband modem
(DSL, cable, wireless, etc.) connection. The PPP ove r Et he r n e t option is for a dial-up connection
using PPPoE.
For the service provider, PPPoE offers an access and authentication method that works with existing
access control systems (for example Radius).
One of the benefits of PPPoE is the ability to let you access one of multiple network services, a
function known as dynamic service selection. This enables the service provider to easily create and
offer new IP services for individuals.
Operationally, PPPoE saves significant effort for both you and the ISP or carrier, as it requires no
specific configuration of the broadband modem at the customer site.
By implementing PPPoE directly on the EMG1302-R10A (rather than individual computers), the
computers on the LAN do not need PPPoE software installed, since the EMG1302-R10A does that
part of the task. Furthermore, with NAT, all of the LANs’ computers will have access.
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This screen displays when you select PPP ove r Et h e r ne t encapsulation.
Figure 29 Internet Connection: PPP over Ethernet Encapsulation
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The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 13 Internet Connection: PPP over Ethernet Encapsulation
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
ISP Parameters for Internet Access
Encapsulation
Select PPP ove r Et h e r n e t if you connect to your Internet via dial-up.
IPv4 / IPv6
Click the drop-down menu to select either an I Pv4 On ly or du a l st a ck in t e r fa ce.
Enable VID
VID (1~4094)
Enter a VLAN identifier between 1 to 4094 (the 802.1Q tag specifies only a priority and
is referred to as a priority tag). In bridge mode, VID 1 (the default VLAN ID) is reserved
for a management VLAN.
PPP Information
PPP Username
Enter the user name to use for logging in to the PPP service.
PPP Password
Enter the password to associate with the PPP user name (previous field).
MTU Size
Enter the Maximum Transmission Units (MTU) in bytes (default: 1454, range: 68 to
1492).
PPP Auto Connect
Click to enable the PPP auto connect function when the service is disconnected.
IDLE Timeout
(second)
Enter a variable (seconds) to designate the timeout period during an idle session.
PPPoE Service
Name
Enter the name to designate the service.
WAN IP Address Assignment
Get automatically
from ISP
Select this option If your ISP did not assign you a fixed IP address. This is the default
selection.
Use Fixed IP
Address
Select this option If the ISP assigned a fixed IP address.
My WAN IP Address
Enter your WAN IP address in this field if you selected Use Fix e d I P Addr e ss.
DNS Server
First DNS Server
Second DNS Server
Select Obt a in e d Fr om I SP if your ISP dynamically assigns DNS server information
(and the EMG1302-R10A's WAN IP address). The field to the right displays the (readonly) DNS server IP address that the ISP assigns.
Select Use r - D e fin e d if you have the IP address of a DNS server. Enter the DNS
server's IP address in the field to the right. If you chose Use r - D e fin e d, but leave the
IP address set to 0.0.0.0, Use r - D e fine d changes to N on e after you click Apply. If you
set a second choice to Use r - D e fin e d, and enter the same IP address, the second
Use r - D e fin e d changes to N on e after you click Apply.
Select N on e if you do not want to configure DNS servers. If you do not configure a DNS
server, you must know the IP address of a computer in order to access it.
WAN MAC Address
64
WAN MAC Address
The MAC address section allows users to configure the WAN port's MAC address by
using the EMG1302-R10A’s MAC address, copying the MAC address from a computer on
your LAN or manually entering a MAC address.
Factory default
Select Fa ct or y de fa u lt to use the factory assigned default MAC Address.
Clone the
computer’s MAC
address
Select Clon e t h e com pu t e r ' s M AC a ddr e ss and enter the IP address of the computer
on the LAN whose MAC you are cloning.
Set WAN MAC
Address
Select this option and enter the MAC address you want to use.
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Chapter 7 WAN
Table 13 Internet Connection: PPP over Ethernet Encapsulation (continued)
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
Passthrough
PPTP Passthrough
L2TP Passthrough
IPSec Passthrough
Apply
Click Apply to save your changes back to the EMG1302-R10A.
Cancel
Click Ca n ce l to exit this screen without saving.
7.4.1.2 PPTP Encapsulation
Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol (PPTP) is a network protocol that enables secure transfer of data
from a remote client to a private server, creating a Virtual Private Network (VPN) using TCP/IPbased networks.
PPTP supports on-demand, multi-protocol and virtual private networking over public networks, such
as the Internet.
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Chapter 7 WAN
This screen displays when you select PPTP encapsulation.
Figure 30 Internet Connection: PPTP Encapsulation
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The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 14 Internet Connection:PPTP Encapsulation
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
ISP Parameters for Internet Access
Encapsulation
Select PPTP to create a Virtual Private Network (VPN) using TCP/IP-based network.
Enable VID
VID (1~4094)
Enter a VLAN identifier between 1 to 4094 (the 802.1Q tag specifies only a priority and
is referred to as a priority tag). In bridge mode, VID 1 (the default VLAN ID) is reserved
for a management VLAN.
PPTP Information
PPTP Username
Type the username given to you by your ISP.
PPTP Password
Type the password associated with the user name above.
MTU Size
Enter the Maximum Transmission Unit (MTU) or the largest packet size per frame that
your EMG1302-R10A can receive and process.
PPTP Auto Connect
Select this check box to enable PPTP Auto Connect.
IDLE Timeout
(second)
This value specifies the time in minutes that elapses before the router automatically
disconnects from the PPPoE server.
PPTP Configuration
PPTP Server IP
Address
Type the IP address of the PPTP server.
Obtain an IP
Address
Automatically
Select this option If your ISP did not assign you a fixed IP address. This is the default
selection.
Static IP Address
Select this option If the ISP assigned a fixed IP address.
IP Address
Enter your WAN IP address in this field if you selected St a t ic I P Addr e ss.
Subnet Mask
Your EMG1302-R10A will automatically calculate the subnet mask based on the IP
address that you assign. Unless you are implementing subnetting, use the subnet mask
computed by the EMG1302-R10A.
Gateway IP
address
Enter a Ga t e w a y I P Addr e ss (if your ISP gave you one) in this field.
WAN IP Address Assignment
Get automatically
from ISP
Select this option If your ISP did not assign you a fixed IP address. This is the default
selection.
Use Fixed IP
Address
Select this option If the ISP assigned a fixed IP address.
My WAN IP Address
Enter your WAN IP address in this field if you selected Use Fix e d I P Addr e ss.
DNS Server
First DNS Server
Second DNS Server
Select Obt a in e d Fr om I SP if your ISP dynamically assigns DNS server information
(and the EMG1302-R10A's WAN IP address). The field to the right displays the (readonly) DNS server IP address that the ISP assigns.
Select Use r - D e fin e d if you have the IP address of a DNS server. Enter the DNS
server's IP address in the field to the right. If you chose Use r - D e fin e d, but leave the
IP address set to 0.0.0.0, Use r - D e fine d changes to N on e after you click Apply. If you
set a second choice to Use r - D e fin e d, and enter the same IP address, the second
Use r - D e fin e d changes to N on e after you click Apply.
Select N on e if you do not want to configure DNS servers. If you do not configure a DNS
server, you must know the IP address of a computer in order to access it.
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Table 14 Internet Connection:PPTP Encapsulation (continued)
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
WAN MAC Address
Factory default
Select Fa ct or y de fa u lt to use the factory assigned default MAC Address.
Clone the
computer’s MAC
address
Select Clon e t h e com pu t e r ' s M AC a ddr e ss and enter the IP address of the computer
on the LAN whose MAC you are cloning.
Set WAN MAC
Address
Select this option and enter the MAC address you want to use.
Passthrough
PPTP Passthrough
L2TP Passthrough
IPSec Passthrough
Apply
Click Apply to save your changes back to the EMG1302-R10A.
Cancel
Click Ca n ce l to exit this screen without saving.
7.4.1.3 IPoE Encapsulation
IP over Ethernet is an alternative to PPP encapsulation. In IPoE DHCP extensions and other
protocols, like for example Extensible Authentication Protocol, are combined with DHCP to provide
capabilities similar to PPPoE. You can configure the WAN connection with IPoE to use NAT, firewall or
IGMP proxy in EMG1302-R10A.
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This screen displays when you select I PoE encapsulation.
Figure 31 Internet Connection: IPoE Encapsulation
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Chapter 7 WAN
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 15 Internet Connection: IP over Ethernet Encapsulation
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
ISP Parameters for Internet Access
Encapsulation
You must choose the I PoE option when the WAN port is used as a regular Ethernet.
IPv4 / IPv6
Click the drop down menu to select the available options: I Pv4 on ly, du a l st a ck , or
I Pv6 .
Enable VID
VID (1~4094)
Enter a VLAN identifier between 1 to 4094 (the 802.1Q tag specifies only a priority and
is referred to as a priority tag). In bridge mode, VID 1 (the default VLAN ID) is reserved
for a management VLAN.
IP Address
Obtain an IP
Address
Automatically
Select this option If your ISP did not assign you a fixed IP address. This is the default
selection.
Static IP Address
Select this option If the ISP assigned a fixed IP address.
IP Address
Enter your WAN IP address in this field if you selected St a t ic I P Addr e ss.
Subnet Mask
Your EMG1302-R10A will automatically calculate the subnet mask based on the IP
address that you assign. Unless you are implementing subnetting, use the subnet mask
computed by the EMG1302-R10A.
Gateway IP
address
Enter a Ga t e w a y I P Addr e ss (if your ISP gave you one) in this field.
MTU Size
Enter the Maximum Transmission Unit (MTU) or the largest packet size per frame that
your EMG1302-R10A can receive and process.
DHCP Option
Enable DHCP Option
121
Select Enable DHCP Option 121 to enable the classless route option 121.
Enable DHCP Option
60
Select Enable DHCP Option 60 to enable and enter the device’s Vendor Class Identifier
(VCI).
DNS Server
First DNS Server
Second DNS Server
Select Obt a in e d Fr om I SP if your ISP dynamically assigns DNS server information
(and the EMG1302-R10A's WAN IP address). The field to the right displays the (readonly) DNS server IP address that the ISP assigns.
Select Use r - D e fin e d if you have the IP address of a DNS server. Enter the DNS
server's IP address in the field to the right. If you chose Use r - D e fin e d, but leave the
IP address set to 0.0.0.0, Use r - D e fine d changes to N on e after you click Apply. If you
set a second choice to Use r - D e fin e d, and enter the same IP address, the second
Use r - D e fin e d changes to N on e after you click Apply.
Select N on e if you do not want to configure DNS servers. If you do not configure a DNS
server, you must know the IP address of a computer in order to access it.
WAN MAC Address
70
WAN MAC Address
The MAC address section allows users to configure the WAN port's MAC address by
using the EMG1302-R10A’s MAC address, copying the MAC address from a computer on
your LAN or manually entering a MAC address.
Factory default
Select Fa ct or y de fa u lt to use the factory assigned default MAC Address.
Clone the
computer’s MAC
address
Select Clon e t h e com pu t e r ' s M AC a ddr e ss and enter the IP address of the computer
on the LAN whose MAC you are cloning.
Set WAN MAC
Address
Select this option and enter the MAC address you want to use.
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Chapter 7 WAN
Table 15 Internet Connection: IP over Ethernet Encapsulation (continued)
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
Passthrough
PPTP Passthrough
L2TP Passthrough
IPSec Passthrough
Apply
Click Apply to save your changes back to the EMG1302-R10A.
Cancel
Click Ca n ce l to exit this screen without saving.
7.4.2 Bridge Encapsulation
This screen displays when you select Br idge encapsulation.
Figure 32 Internet Connection: Bridge Encapsulation
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 16 Internet Connection: Bridge Encapsulation
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
ISP Parameters for Internet Access
Encapsulation
Select Br idge when your ISP provides you more than one IP address and you want the
connected computers to get individual IP address from ISP’s DHCP server directly. If
you select Br idge , you cannot use routing functions, such as DHCP server.
The function is currently available for the IPv4 protocol.
Enable VID
VID (1~4094)
Enter a VLAN identifier between 1 to 4094 (the 802.1Q tag specifies only a priority and
is referred to as a priority tag). In bridge mode, VID 1 (the default VLAN ID) is reserved
for a management VLAN.
Ignore WAN Vlan ID
when tag frame
reveive from LAN
site
Apply
Click Apply to save your changes back to the EMG1302-R10A.
Cancel
Click Ca n ce l to exit this screen without saving.
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7.5 Advanced WAN Screen
Use this screen to enable M ult ica st and enable Aut o- I P- Ch a n ge mode.
To change your EMG1302-R10A’s advanced WAN settings, click Configu r a t ion > N e t w or k > W AN
> Adva nce d. The screen appears as shown.
Figure 33 Configuration > Network > WAN > Advanced
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 17 Configuration > Network > WAN > Advanced
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
Multicast Setup
Multicast Setup
Select I GM Pv1 / v2 / v3 to enable multicasting. This applies to traffic routed from the
WAN to the LAN.
Select N on e to disable this feature. This may cause incoming traffic to be dropped or
sent to all connected network devices.
IGMP Snooping
The IGMP Snooping allows for listening to Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP)
network traffic. The feature allows the ZyXEL device to listen in on the IGMP
conversation between hosts and routers. This allows the ZyXEL device to map links to
determine which map links require IP multicast streams.
Select this check box to use the IGMP Snooping function.
Auto-Subnet Configuration
72
Enable Auto-IPChange Mode
Select this option to have the EMG1302-R10A switch to bridge mode automatically
when the EMG1302-R10A gets a WAN IP address in the range of 192.168.x.y (where x
and y are from zero to nine) no matter what the LAN IP address is.
Apply
Click Apply to save your changes back to the EMG1302-R10A.
Cancel
Click Ca n ce l to exit this screen without saving.
EMG1302-R10A User’s Guide
Chapter 7 WAN
7.6 IPv6 Screen
Use this section to enable and configure IPv6 addresses. By using IPv6, you are able to receive
services such as: quality of service (QoS), end-to-end security, and globally unique addresses.
Figure 34 Configuration > Network > WAN > IPv6
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 18 Configuration > Network > WAN > IPv6
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
IPv6 Setup
IPv6
Select a field to Enable or Disable the IPv6 standard.
IPv6 Connection
Select the IPv6 connection type: Static IPv6, DHCPv6, PPoE, or 6rd.
IPv6
IPv6 Address
Enter the IPv6 address specified in heaxadecimal using 16-bit values between colons.
Subnet Prefix
Length
Enter the subnet prefix variable, a decimal value to define how many of the high-order
contiguous bits of the address are the prefix.
Default Gateway
Enter the specified gateway to set as default for the IPv6 connection type.
DHCPv6
DNC Setting
• Click Obt a in D N S se r ve r a ddr e ss a u t om a t ica lly if you do not know your
DNS server IP address(es).
• If you know your DNS server IP address(es), click Use t he follow ing D N S
se r ve r a ddr e sse s, and type them in the Pr im a r y D N S se r ve r and
Se con da r y D N S se r ve r fields.
PPPoE
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Table 18 Configuration > Network > WAN > IPv6 (continued)
LABEL
Address Mode
DESCRIPTION
Click D yna m ic I P if your ISP assigs an IP address.
If you have a fixed IP address assigned to you, click St a t ic I P, and type the IP
Addr e ss, Use r n a m e and Pa ssw or d in the following fields.
Username
Enter the username as it is assigned for this account.
Password
Enter the designated password for the username in the previous field..
Service Name
Enter a name to assign this service.
Reconnect Mode
Select Au t o Re con n e ct ( a lw a ys- on ) to have the Reconnect Mode continuously
connected.
Select Con n e ct - on - D e m a n d to have the Reconnect Mode only active when WAN
service is active.
Select M a n u a lly to only allow WAN reconnection if manually initiated by a user.
Maximum Idle
Time
This value specifies the time in seconds that elapses before the router automatically
disconnects from the PPPoE server.
Remote IPv4
Address
Enter the designated IPv4 address to allow tunneling across ISP network.
Remote PREFIX
Enter the IPv6 prefix for the PPPoE tunnel.
6RD
74
Remote IPv4
Address
Enter the designated IPv4 address to allow tunneling across an ISP network.
Remote PREFIX
Enter the IPv6 prefix for the 6RD tunnel. This is only available if 6RD Static-type is
designated.
Primary DNS
Address
Enter the primary DNS server address assigned by the ISP.
Secondary DNS
Address
Enter the secondary DNS server address assigned by the ISP.
LAN IPv6 Address
Enter the static IPv6 address assigned to this device.
LAN IPv6 Link-Local
Address
The system assigns a local address designed for use on a single link.
Autoconfiguration
Enable/Disable the auto IP address configuration setting.
Autoconfiguration
Type
If autoconfiguration is enabled, the following types are available: IP address, stateful,
and stateless.
Router
Advertisement
Lifetime
The device refreshes the preferred and valid time with each advertisement message.
The device is configured with a valid lifetime value for each network prefix, broadcasted
in the advertisement message.
Apply
Click Apply to save your changes back to the EMG1302-R10A.
Cancel
Click Ca n ce l to exit this screen without saving.
EMG1302-R10A User’s Guide
C HAPT ER
Wireless LAN
8.1 Overview
This chapter discusses how to configure the wireless network settings in your EMG1302-R10A. See
the appendices for more detailed information about wireless networks.
The following figure provides an example of a wireless network.
Figure 35 Example of a Wireless Network
The wireless network is the part in the blue circle. In this wireless network, devices A and B are
called wireless clients. The wireless clients use the access point (AP) to interact with other devices
(such as the printer) or with the Internet. Your EMG1302-R10A is the AP.
8.2 What You Can Do
• Use the Ge n e r a l screen to enter the SSID, select the channel, and configure wireless security
(Section 8.4 on page 78).
• Use the M or e AP screen to enable and configure multiple wireless networks (Section 8.6 on page
83)
• Use the M AC Filt e r screen to allow or deny wireless stations based on their MAC addresses from
connecting to the EMG1302-R10A (Section 8.7 on page 85).
• Use the Adva nce d screen to allow intra-BSS network and set the RTS/CTS Threshold (Section
8.8 on page 86).
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• Use the QoS screen to ensure Quality of Service (QoS) in your wireless network (Section 8.9 on
page 87).
• Use the W PS screen to quickly set up a wireless network with strong security, without having to
configure security settings manually (Section 8.10 on page 88).
• Use the W PS St a t ion screen to add a wireless station using WPS (Section 8.11 on page 89).
• Use the Sche duling screen to set the times your wireless LAN is turned on and off (Section 8.12
on page 90).
• Use the W D S screen to set up Wireless Distribution System (WDS) (Section 8.13 on page 91).
8.3 What You Should Know
Every wireless network must follow these basic guidelines.
• Every wireless client in the same wireless network must use the same SSID.
The SSID is the name of the wireless network. It stands for Service Set IDentity.
• If two wireless networks overlap, they should use different channels.
Like radio stations or television channels, each wireless network uses a specific channel, or
frequency, to send and receive information.
• Every wireless client in the same wireless network must use security compatible with the AP.
Security stops unauthorized devices from using the wireless network. It can also protect the
information that is sent in the wireless network.
Wireless Security Overview
The following sections introduce different types of wireless security you can set up in the wireless
network.
SSID
Normally, the AP acts like a beacon and regularly broadcasts the SSID in the area. You can hide the
SSID instead, in which case the AP does not broadcast the SSID. In addition, you should change
the default SSID to something that is difficult to guess.
This type of security is fairly weak, however, because there are ways for unauthorized devices to
get the SSID. In addition, unauthorized devices can still see the information that is sent in the
wireless network.
MAC Address Filter
Every wireless client has a unique identification number, called a MAC address.1 A MAC address is
usually written using twelve hexadecimal characters2; for example, 00A0C5000002 or
1.Some wireless devices, such as scanners, can detect wireless networks but cannot use wireless
networks. These kinds of wireless devices might not have MAC addresses.
2.Hexadecimal characters are 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, A, B, C, D, E, and F.
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00:A0:C5:00:00:02. To get the MAC address for each wireless client, see the appropriate User’s
Guide or other documentation.
You can use the MAC address filter to tell the AP which wireless clients are allowed or not allowed to
use the wireless network. If a wireless client is allowed to use the wireless network, it still has to
have the correct settings (SSID, channel, and security). If a wireless client is not allowed to use the
wireless network, it does not matter if it has the correct settings.
This type of security does not protect the information that is sent in the wireless network.
Furthermore, there are ways for unauthorized devices to get the MAC address of an authorized
wireless client. Then, they can use that MAC address to use the wireless network.
User Authentication
You can make every user log in to the wireless network before they can use it. This is called user
authentication.
For wireless networks, there are two typical places to store the user names and passwords for each
user.
• In the AP: this feature is called a local user database or a local database.
• In a RADIUS server: this is a server used in businesses more than in homes.
If your AP does not provide a local user database and if you do not have a RADIUS server, you
cannot set up user names and passwords for your users.
Unauthorized devices can still see the information that is sent in the wireless network, even if they
cannot use the wireless network. Furthermore, there are ways for unauthorized wireless users to
get a valid user name and password. Then, they can use that user name and password to use the
wireless network.
Local user databases also have an additional limitation that is explained in the next section.
Encryption
Wireless networks can use encryption to protect the information that is sent in the wireless
network. Encryption is like a secret code. If you do not know the secret code, you cannot
understand the message.
The types of encryption you can choose depend on the type of user authentication. (See page 77
for information about this.)
Table 19 Types of Encryption for Each Type of Authentication
W e a k e st
NO AUTHENTICATION
RADIUS SERVER
No Security
WPA
Static WEP
WPA-PSK
St r on ge st
WPA2-PSK
WPA2
For example, if the wireless network has a RADIUS server, you can choose W PA or W PA2 . If users
do not log in to the wireless network, you can choose no encryption, St a t ic W EP, W PA- PSK, or
W PA2 - PSK.
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Usually, you should set up the strongest encryption that every wireless client in the wireless
network supports. For example, suppose the AP does not have a local user database, and you do
not have a RADIUS server. Therefore, there is no user authentication. Suppose the wireless network
has two wireless clients. Device A only supports WEP, and device B supports WEP and WPA.
Therefore, you should set up St a t ic W EP in the wireless network.
Note: It is recommended that wireless networks use W PA- PSK, W PA, or stronger
encryption. IEEE and WEP encryption are better than none at all, but it is still
possible for unauthorized devices to figure out the original information pretty
quickly.
Note: It is not possible to use W PA- PSK, W PA or stronger encryption with a local user
database. In this case, it is better to set up stronger encryption with no
authentication than to set up weaker encryption with the local user database.
When you select W PA2 - PSK in your EMG1302-R10A, you can also select an option (W PA
Com pa t ible ) to support WPA as well. In this case, if some wireless clients support WPA and some
support WPA2, you should set up W PA2 - PSK (depending on the type of wireless network login)
and select the W PA Com pa t ible option in the EMG1302-R10A.
Many types of encryption use a key to protect the information in the wireless network. The longer
the key, the stronger the encryption. Every wireless client in the wireless network must have the
same key.
WPS
WiFi Protected Setup (WPS) is an industry standard specification, defined by the WiFi Alliance. WPS
allows you to quickly set up a wireless network with strong security, without having to configure
security settings manually. Depending on the devices in your network, you can either press a
button (on the device itself, or in its configuration utility) or enter a PIN (Personal Identification
Number) in the devices. Then, they connect and set up a secure network by themselves. See how
to set up a secure wireless network using WPS in the Section 6.2 on page 43.
8.4 General Wireless LAN Screen
Use this screen to configure the SSID of the wireless LAN and configure the wireless security mode.
The screen varies depending on what you select in the Se cu r it y M ode field.
Note: If you are configuring the EMG1302-R10A from a computer connected to the
wireless LAN and you change the EMG1302-R10A’s SSID, channel or security
settings, you will lose your wireless connection when you press Apply to confirm.
You must then change the wireless settings of your computer to match the
EMG1302-R10A’s new settings.
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Click Con figu r a t ion > N e t w or k > W ir e le ss LAN to open the Ge n e r a l screen.
Figure 36 Configuration > Network > Wireless LAN > General
The following table describes the general wireless LAN labels in this screen.
Table 20 Configuration > Network > Wireless LAN > General
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
Wireless Setup
Wireless LAN Status
This is turned on by default.
You can enable or disable the wireless LAN by using the W LAN switch located on the
back panel of the EMG1302-R10A. The current wireless state is reflected in this field.
Name (SSID)
The SSID (Service Set IDentity) identifies the Service Set with which a wireless client is
associated. Enter a descriptive name (up to 32 printable characters found on a typical
English language keyboard) for the wireless LAN.
Hide SSID
Select this check box to hide the SSID in the outgoing beacon frame so a station cannot
obtain the SSID through scanning using a site survey tool.
Green AP
Once Green AP is enabled, if there are no client connections to the AP, the device
switches to 1T1R settings.
Channel Selection
Set the operating frequency/channel depending on your particular region.
Select a channel from the drop-down list box. The options vary depending on the
frequency band and the country you are in.
This option is only available if Au t o Cha n n e l Se le ct ion is disabled.
Auto Channel
Selection
Select this check box for the EMG1302-R10A to automatically choose the channel with
the least interference. Deselect this check box if you wish to manually select the
channel using the Ch a n n e l Se ct ion field.
Operating Channel
This displays the channel the EMG1302-R10A is currently using.
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Table 20 Configuration > Network > Wireless LAN > General (continued)
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
Channel Width
Select whether the EMG1302-R10A uses a wireless channel width of 20MHz or Au t o. If
Au t o is selected, the EMG1302-R10A will use 40MHz if it is supported.
A standard 20MHz channel offers transfer speeds of up to 150Mbps whereas a 40MHz
channel uses two standard channels and offers speeds of up to 300 Mbps.
40MHz (channel bonding or dual channel) bonds two adjacent radio channels to
increase throughput. The wireless clients must also support 40 MHz. It is often better to
use the 20 MHz setting in a location where the environment hinders the wireless signal.
Select 2 0 M H z if you want to lessen radio interference with other wireless devices in
your neighborhood or the wireless clients do not support channel bonding.
This field is available only when you set the 8 0 2 .1 1 Mode to 8 0 2 .1 1 n or
8 0 2 .1 1 b+ g+ n in the Advanced Setup screen.
802.11 Mode
Select 8 0 2 .1 1 b Only to allow only IEEE 802.11b compliant WLAN devices to associate
with the EMG1302-R10A.
Select 8 0 2 .1 1 g Only to allow only IEEE 802.11g compliant WLAN devices to associate
with the EMG1302-R10A.
Select 8 0 2 .1 1 b+ g to allow either IEEE 802.11b or IEEE 802.11g compliant WLAN
devices to associate with the EMG1302-R10A. The transmission rate of your EMG1302R10A might be reduced.
Select 8 0 2 .1 1 n to allow only IEEE 802.11n compliant WLAN devices to associate with
the EMG1302-R10A.
Select 8 0 2 .1 1 g+ n to allow either IEEE 802.11g or IEEE 802.11n compliant WLAN
devices to associate with the EMG1302-R10A. The transmission rate of your EMG1302R10A might be reduced.
Select 8 0 2 .1 1 b+ g+ n to allow IEEE 802.11b, IEEE 802.11g or IEEE802.11n compliant
WLAN devices to associate with the EMG1302-R10A. The transmission rate of your
EMG1302-R10A might be reduced.
Security
Security Mode
Choose the security mode from the drop-down list box. See Section 8.5 on page 81 for
more information on wireless security settings.
WPA-PSK
Compatible
This field appears when you choose W PA2 - PSK as the Se cu r it y M ode .
Pre-Shared Key
Check this field to allow wireless devices using W PA- PSK security mode to connect to
your EMG1302-R10A.
WPA-PSK/WPA2-PSK uses a simple common password for authentication.
Type a pre-shared key from 8 to 63 case-sensitive keyboard characters.
Group Key Update
Timer
The Group Key Update Timer is the rate at which the AP sends a new group key out to
all clients.
The default is 3600 seconds (60 minutes).
Apply
Click Apply to save your changes back to the EMG1302-R10A.
Cancel
Click Ca n ce l to exit this screen without saving.
See the rest of this chapter for information on the other labels in this screen.
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8.5 Wireless Security
Use this part of the Ge n e r a l screen to select the wireless security mode. Click N e t w or k >
W ir e le ss LAN to open the Ge n e r a l screen. The screen varies depending on what you select in the
Se cur it y M ode field.
8.5.1 No Security
Select N o Se cur it y to allow wireless clients to communicate with the access points without any
data encryption.
Note: If you do not enable any wireless security on your EMG1302-R10A, your network is
accessible to any wireless network device that is within range.
Figure 37 Wireless LAN > General: Security: No Security
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 21 Wireless LAN > General: Security: No Security
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
Security Mode
Choose N o Se cu r it y from the drop-down list box.
Apply
Click Apply to save your changes back to the EMG1302-R10A.
Cancel
Click Ca nce l to exit this screen without saving.
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8.5.2 WPA2-PSK
Select W PA2 - PSK from the Se cu r it y M ode list.
Figure 38 Wireless LAN > General: Security: WPA2-PSK
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 22 Wireless LAN > General: Security: WPA-PSK/WPA2-PSK
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
Security Mode
Select W PA- PSK or W PA2 - PSK to enable data encryption.
WPA-PSK
Compatible
This field appears when you choose W PA2 - PSK as the Se cu r it y M ode .
Pre-Shared Key
WPA-PSK/WPA2-PSK uses a simple common password for authentication.
Type a pre-shared key from 8 to 63 case-sensitive keyboard characters.
Group Key Update
Timer
The Group Key Update Timer is the rate at which the AP sends a new group key out to
all clients.
The default is 3600 seconds (60 minutes).
82
Apply
Click Apply to save your changes back to the EMG1302-R10A.
Cancel
Click Ca n ce l to exit this screen without saving.
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8.6 More AP
This screen allows you to enable and configure multiple wireless networks on the EMG1302-R10A.
Select Con figu r a t ion > N e t w or k > W ir e le ss LAN > M or e AP. The screen appears as shown.
Figure 39 Wireless LAN > More AP
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 23 Wireless LAN > More AP
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
This is the index number of each SSID profile.
Status
Shows the status of the SSID.
SSID
The SSID (Service Set IDentifier) identifies the Service Set with which a wireless device
is associated.
This field displays the name of the wireless profile on the network. When a wireless
client scans for an AP to associate with, this is the name that is broadcast and seen in
the wireless client utility.
Security
This field indicates the security mode of the SSID profile.
Edit
Click the Edit icon to configure SSID profile.
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8.6.1 More AP Edit
Use this screen to edit an SSID profile. Click the Edit icon next to an SSID in the Configur a t ion >
N e t w or k > W ir e le ss LAN > M or e AP screen. The following screen displays.
Figure 40 Wireless LAN > More AP: Edit
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 24 Wireless LAN > More AP
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
Wireless Setup
Active
Click the check box to activate wireless LAN.
Name (SSID)
The SSID (Service Set IDentity) identifies the Service Set with which a wireless client is
associated. Enter a descriptive name (up to 32 printable characters found on a typical
English language keyboard) for the wireless LAN.
Hide SSID
Select this check box to hide the SSID in the outgoing beacon frame so a station cannot
obtain the SSID through scanning using a site survey tool.
Intra-BSS Traffic
Intra-BSS traffic is traffic between wireless stations in the BSS. Select this check box to
enable I n t r a - BSS Tr a ffic.
WMM QoS
Check this to have the EMG1302-R10A automatically give a service a priority level
according to the ToS value in the IP header of packets it sends. WMM QoS (Wifi
MultiMedia Quality of Service) gives high priority to voice and video, which makes them
run more smoothly.
Security
84
Security Mode
This field indicates the security mode of the SSID profile.
WPA-PSK
Compatible
This field appears when you choose W PA2 - PSK as the Security Mode. Check this field
to allow wireless devices using W PA- PSK security mode to connect to your ZyXEL
Device.
Pre-Shared Key
Enter an 8 to 64 (case-sensitive keyboard) characters to define the pre-shared key for
the security setting.
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Table 24 Wireless LAN > More AP (continued)
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
Group Key Update
Timer
The Gr ou p Ke y Upda t e Tim e r is the rate at which the RADIUS server sends a new
group key out to all clients.
Note: No Security and WPA2-PSK can be configured when WPS is enabled.
Apply
Click Apply to save your changes back to the EMG1302-R10A.
Cancel
Click Ca n ce l to exit this screen without saving.
8.7 MAC Filter
The MAC filter screen allows you to configure the EMG1302-R10A to give exclusive access to
devices (Allow) or exclude devices from accessing the EMG1302-R10A (Deny). Every Ethernet
device has a unique MAC (Media Access Control) address. The MAC address is assigned at the
factory and consists of six pairs of hexadecimal characters, for example, 00:A0:C5:00:00:02. You
need to know the MAC address of the devices to configure this screen.
To change your EMG1302-R10A’s MAC filter settings, click Con figu r a t ion > N e t w or k > W ir e le ss
LAN > M AC Filt e r. The screen appears as shown.
Figure 41 Configuration > Network > Wireless LAN > MAC Filter
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The following table describes the labels in this menu.
Table 25 Configuration > Network > Wireless LAN > MAC Filter
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
MAC Address Filter
Select D isa ble to deactivate the MAC filtering rule you configure below.
Filter Action
Select Allow to permit access to the EMG1302-R10A, MAC addresses not listed will be
denied access to the EMG1302-R10A.
Select D e n y to block access to the EMG1302-R10A, MAC addresses not listed will be
allowed to access the EMG1302-R10A
MAC Filter Summary
Set
This is the index number of the MAC address.
MAC Address
This is the MAC address of the wireless station that are allowed or denied access to the
EMG1302-R10A.
Apply
Click Apply to save your changes back to the EMG1302-R10A.
Cancel
Click Ca n ce l to exit this screen without saving.
8.8 Wireless LAN Advanced Screen
Use this screen to allow wireless advanced features, such as the output power, RTS/CTS Threshold
and high-throughput physical mode settings.
Click Con figu r a t ion > N e t w or k > W ir e le ss LAN > Adva nce d. The screen appears as shown.
Figure 42 Configuration > Network > Wireless LAN > Advanced
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 26 Configuration > Network > Wireless LAN > Advanced
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
Wireless Advanced Setup
RTS/CTS Threshold
Data with its frame size larger than this value will perform the RTS (Request To Send)/
CTS (Clear To Send) handshake.
Enter a value between 1 and 2 3 4 7 .
Fragmentation
Threshold
86
The threshold (number of bytes) for the fragmentation boundary for directed messages.
It is the maximum data fragment size that can be sent. Enter an even number between
2 5 6 and 2 3 4 6 .
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Table 26 Configuration > Network > Wireless LAN > Advanced (continued)
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
Intra-BSS Traffic
A Basic Service Set (BSS) exists when all communications between wireless clients or
between a wireless client and a wired network client go through one access point (AP).
Intra-BSS traffic is traffic between wireless clients in the BSS. When Intra-BSS is
enabled, wireless client A and B can access the wired network and communicate with
each other. When Intra-BSS is disabled, wireless client A and B can still access the
wired network but cannot communicate with each other.
Tx Power
Set the Tx power of the EMG1302-R10A in this field. If there is a high density of APs in
an area, decrease the output power of the EMG1302-R10A to reduce interference with
other APs. Select one of the following 1 0 0 % , 9 0 % , 7 5 % , 5 0 % , 2 5 % or 1 0 % . See
the product specifications for more information on your EMG1302-R10A’s output power.
Apply
Click Apply to save your changes back to the EMG1302-R10A.
Cancel
Click Ca n ce l to exit this screen without saving.
8.9 Quality of Service (QoS) Screen
The QoS screen allows you to automatically give a service (such as VoIP and video) a priority level.
Click Con figu r a t ion > N e t w or k > W ir e le ss LAN > QoS. The following screen appears.
Figure 43 Configuration > Network > Wireless LAN > QoS
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 27 Configuration > Network > Wireless LAN > QoS
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
WMM QoS
Check En a ble to have the EMG1302-R10A automatically give a service a priority level
according to the ToS value in the IP header of packets it sends. Check D isa ble to
disable the function.
WMM QoS (Wifi MultiMedia Quality of Service) gives high priority to voice and video,
which makes them run more smoothly.
Apply
Click Apply to save your changes to the EMG1302-R10A.
Cancel
Click Ca n ce l to exit this screen without saving.
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8.10 WPS Screen
Use this screen to enable/disable WPS, view or generate a new PIN number and check current WPS
status. To open this screen, click Con figu r a t ion > N e t w or k > W ir e le ss LAN > W PS.
Note: With WPS, wireless clients can only connect to the wireless network using the first
SSID on the EMG1302-R10A.
Figure 44 Configuration > Network > Wireless LAN > WPS
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 28 Configuration > Network > Wireless LAN > WPS
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
WPS Setup
Enable WPS
Select this to enable the WPS feature.
PIN Code
Select this to enable PIN code.
PIN Number
This displays the last PIN number generated by the system, if any. Click Ge n e r a t e to
generate a new PIN number.
WPS Status
Status
This displays Con figu r e d when the EMG1302-R10A has connected to a wireless
network using WPS or when En a ble W PS is selected and wireless or wireless security
settings have been changed. The current wireless and wireless security settings also
appear in the screen.
This displays Uncon figu r e d if WPS is disabled and there are no wireless or wireless
security changes on the EMG1302-R10A or you click Re le a se Con figu r a t ion to
remove the configured wireless and wireless security settings.
88
802.11 Mode
This is the 802.11 mode used. Only compliant WLAN devices can associate with the
EMG1302-R10A.
SSID
This is the name of the wireless network (the EMG1302-R10A’s first SSID).
Security
This is the type of wireless security employed by the network.
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Table 28 Configuration > Network > Wireless LAN > WPS (continued)
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
Apply
Click Apply to save your changes back to the EMG1302-R10A.
Cancel
Click Ca n ce l to exit this screen without saving.
8.11 WPS Station Screen
Use this screen when you want to add a wireless station using WPS. To open this screen, click
Con figu r a t ion > N e t w or k > W ir e le ss LAN > W PS St a t ion.
Note: After you click Push Bu t t on on this screen, you have to press a similar button in
the wireless station utility within 2 minutes. To add the second wireless station, you
have to press these buttons on both device and the wireless station again after the
first 2 minutes.
Figure 45 Configuration > Network > Wireless LAN > WPS Station
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 29 Configuration > Network > Wireless LAN > WPS Station
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
Push Button
Use this button when you use the PBC (Push Button Configuration) method to configure
wireless stations’s wireless settings.
Click this to start WPS-aware wireless station scanning and the wireless security
information synchronization.
Or input station’s
PIN number
Use this button when you use the PIN Configuration method to configure wireless
station’s wireless settings.
Type the same PIN number generated in the wireless station’s utility. Then click St a r t
to associate to each other and perform the wireless security information
synchronization.
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8.12 Scheduling Screen
Use this screen to set the times your wireless LAN is turned on and off. Wireless LAN scheduling is
disabled by default. The wireless LAN can be scheduled to turn on or off on certain days and at
certain times. To open this screen, click Con figu r a t ion > N e t w or k > W ir e le ss LAN >
Sche duling.
Figure 46 Configuration > Network > Wireless LAN > Scheduling
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 30 Configuration > Network > Wireless LAN > Scheduling
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
Enable Wireless LAN
Scheduling
Select this to enable Wireless LAN scheduling.
Policy
Select On to activate the selected schedule.
Select Off to deactivate the selected schedule.
Scheduling
90
Day
Select Eve r yda y or the specific days to turn the Wireless LAN on or off. If you select
Eve r yda y you can not select any specific days. This field works in conjunction with the
For t h e follow in g t im e s field.
For the following
times (24-Hour
Format)
Select a begin time using the first set of h ou r and minute (m in ) drop down boxes and
select an end time using the second set of h ou r and minute (m in ) drop down boxes. If
you have chosen On earlier for the WLAN Status the Wireless LAN will turn on between
the two times you enter in these fields. If you have chosen Off earlier for the WLAN
Status the Wireless LAN will turn off between the two times you enter in these fields.
Apply
Click Apply to save your changes back to the EMG1302-R10A.
Cancel
Click Ca n ce l to exit this screen without saving.
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8.13 WDS
A Wireless Distribution System is a wireless connection between two or more APs. Use this screen
to set the operating mode of your EMG1302-R10A to AP + Br idge or Br idge Only and establish
wireless links with other APs. You need to know the MAC address of the peer device, which also
must be in bridge mode.
Note: You must enable the same wireless security settings on the EMG1302-R10A and on
all wireless clients that you want to associate with it.
To open this screen, click Con figu r a t ion > N e t w or k > W ir e le ss LAN > W D S.
Figure 47 Configuration > Network > Wireless LAN > WDS
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 31 Configuration > Network > Wireless LAN > WDS
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
WDS Setup
Basic Settings
Select the operating mode for your EMG1302-R10A.
• AP + Br idge - The EMG1302-R10A functions as a bridge and access point
simultaneously.
• Br idge On ly - The EMG1302-R10A acts as a wireless network bridge and
establishes wireless links with other APs. You need to know the MAC address of the
peer device, which also must be in bridge mode. The EMG1302-R10A can establish
up to five wireless links with other APs.
Local MAC Address
This is the MAC address of your EMG1302-R10A.
PHY Mode (Bridge
only)
Select CCK (11b mode), OFDM (11g mode), HTMIX (11b/g/n mixed mode) or
GREENFIELD (11n mode) from the drop-down menu. All AP devices should be setup to
the same Phy mode.
Remote MAC
Address (AP+Bridge
/ Bridge only)
This is the MAC address of a remote device.
Security
EncrypType
Select whether to use TKI P or AES encryption for your W D S connection in this field.
Otherwise, select N o Se cu r it y.
Apply
Click Apply to save your changes back to the EMG1302-R10A.
Reset
Click Re se t to reload the previous configuration for this screen.
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C HAPT ER
LAN
9.1 Overview
This chapter describes how to configure LAN settings.
A Local Area Network (LAN) is a shared communication system to which many computers are
attached. A LAN is a computer network limited to the immediate area, usually the same building or
floor of a building. The LAN screens can help you configure a LAN DHCP server, manage IP
addresses, and partition your physical network into logical networks.
Figure 48 LAN Example
WLAN
LAN
firewall
The LAN screens can help you manage IP addresses.
9.2 What You Can Do
• Use the I P screen to change the IP address for your EMG1302-R10A (Section 9.4 on page 95).
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9.3 What You Need To Know
The actual physical connection determines whether the EMG1302-R10A ports are LAN or WAN
ports. There are two separate IP networks, one inside the LAN network and the other outside the
WAN network as shown next.
Figure 49 LAN and WAN IP Addresses
The LAN parameters of the EMG1302-R10A are preset in the factory with the following values:
• IP address of 192.168.1.1 with subnet mask of 255.255.255.0 (24 bits)
• DHCP server enabled with 32 client IP addresses starting from 192.168.1.33.
These parameters should work for the majority of installations. If your ISP gives you explicit DNS
server address(es), read the embedded Web Configurator help regarding what fields need to be
configured.
9.3.1 IP Pool Setup
The EMG1302-R10A is pre-configured with a pool of 32 IP addresses starting from 192.168.1.33 to
192.168.1.64. This configuration leaves 31 IP addresses (excluding the EMG1302-R10A itself) in
the lower range (192.168.1.2 to 192.168.1.32) for other server computers, for instance, servers for
mail, T, web, etc., that you may have.
9.3.2 LAN TCP/IP
The EMG1302-R10A has built-in DHCP server capability that assigns IP addresses and DNS servers
to systems that support DHCP client capability.
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9.4 LAN IP Screen
Use this screen to change the IP address for your EMG1302-R10A. Click Configur a t ion >
N e t w or k > LAN > I P.
Figure 50 Configuration > Network > LAN > IP
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 32 Configuration > Network > LAN > IP
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
IP Address
Type the IP address of your EMG1302-R10A in dotted decimal notation.
IP Subnet Mask
The subnet mask specifies the network number portion of an IP address. Your
EMG1302-R10A will automatically calculate the subnet mask based on the IP address
that you assign. Unless you are implementing subnetting, use the subnet mask
computed by the EMG1302-R10A.
Apply
Click Apply to save your changes back to the EMG1302-R10A.
Cancel
Click Ca n ce l to begin configuring this screen afresh.
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10
DHCP Server
10.1 Overview
Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP), RFC 2131 and RFC 2132 allow individual clients to
obtain TCP/IP configuration at start-up from a server. You can configure the EMG1302-R10A’s LAN
as a DHCP server or disable it. When configured as a server, the EMG1302-R10A provides the TCP/
IP configuration for the clients. If DHCP service is disabled, you must have another DHCP server on
your LAN, or else the computer must be manually configured.
10.2 What You Can Do
• Use the Ge n e r a l screen to enable the DHCP server (Section 10.4 on page 98).
• Use the Adva nce d screen to assign IP addresses on the LAN to specific individual computers
based on their MAC Addresses (Section 10.5 on page 99).
• Use the Clie nt List screen to view DHCP client list (Section 10.6 on page 100).
10.3 What You Need To Know
The following terms and concepts may help as you read through this chapter.
MAC Addresses
Every Ethernet device has a unique MAC (Media Access Control) address. The MAC address is
assigned at the factory and consists of six pairs of hexadecimal characters, for example,
00:A0:C5:00:00:02. Find out the MAC addresses of your network devices if you intend to add them
to the D H CP Clie n t List screen.
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10.4 The DHCP General Screen
Use this screen to enable the DHCP server. Click Con figu r a t ion > N e t w or k > D H CP Se r ve r. The
Ge ne r a l screen displays.
Figure 51 Configuration > Network > DHCP Server > General
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 33 Configuration > Network > DHCP Server > General
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
Enable DHCP Server
Select the checkbox to enable DHCP for LAN.
DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol, RFC 2131 and RFC 2132) allows individual
clients (computers) to obtain TCP/IP configuration at startup from a server. Leave the
En a ble D H CP Se r ve r check box selected unless your ISP instructs you to do
otherwise. Clear it to disable the EMG1302-R10A acting as a DHCP server. When
configured as a server, the EMG1302-R10A provides TCP/IP configuration for the
clients. If not, DHCP service is disabled and you must have another DHCP server on
your LAN, or else the computers must be manually configured. When set as a server, fill
in the following four fields.
98
IP Pool Starting
Address
This field specifies the first of the contiguous addresses in the IP address pool for LAN.
Pool Size
This field specifies the size, or count of the IP address pool for LAN.
DHCP Relay
Select the checkbox to enable DHCP relay and forward a DHCP request to the DHCP
server.
DHCP Server IP
Enter the IP address of the DHCP server.
Lease Time
Enter the in seconds the designated lease time for a DHCP assignment.
Apply
Click Apply to save your changes back to the EMG1302-R10A.
Cancel
Click Ca n ce l to begin configuring this screen afresh.
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10.5 The DHCP Advanced Screen
This screen allows you to assign IP addresses on the LAN to specific individual computers based on
their MAC addresses. You can also use this screen to configure the DNS server information that the
EMG1302-R10A sends to the DHCP clients.
To change your EMG1302-R10A’s static DHCP settings, click Con figu r a t ion > N e t w or k > D H CP
Se r ve r > Adva nce d. The following screen displays.
Figure 52 Configuration > Network > DHCP Server > Advanced
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 34 Configuration > Network > DHCP Server > Advanced
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
Static DHCP Table
This is the index number of the static IP table entry (row).
MAC Address
Type the MAC address (with colons) of a computer on your LAN.
IP Address
Type the LAN IP address of a computer on your LAN.
DNS Server
DNS Servers
Assigned by DHCP
Server
EMG1302-R10A User’s Guide
The EMG1302-R10A passes a DNS (Domain Name System) server IP address (in the
order you specify here) to the DHCP clients. The EMG1302-R10A only passes this
information to the LAN DHCP clients when you select the En a ble D H CP Se r ve r check
box. When you clear the En a ble D H CP Se r ve r check box, DHCP service is disabled
and you must have another DHCP sever on your LAN, or else the computers must have
their DNS server addresses manually configured.
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Table 34 Configuration > Network > DHCP Server > Advanced (continued)
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
First DNS Server
Select Fr om I SP if your ISP dynamically assigns DNS server information (and the
EMG1302-R10A's WAN IP address). The field to the right displays the (read-only) DNS
server IP address that the ISP assigns.
Second DNS Server
Select Use r - D e fin e d if you have the IP address of a DNS server. Enter the DNS
server's IP address in the field to the right. If you chose Use r - D e fin e d, but leave the
IP address set to 0.0.0.0, Use r - D e fin e d changes to N on e after you click Apply. If you
set a second choice to Use r - D e fin e d, and enter the same IP address, the second
Use r - D e fin e d changes to N on e after you click Apply.
Select D N S Re la y to have the EMG1302-R10A act as a DNS proxy. The EMG1302R10A's LAN IP address displays in the field to the right (read-only). The EMG1302-R10A
tells the DHCP clients on the LAN that the EMG1302-R10A itself is the DNS server.
When a computer on the LAN sends a DNS query to the EMG1302-R10A, the EMG1302R10A forwards the query to the EMG1302-R10A's system DNS server (configured in the
W AN > I n t e r n e t Con n e ct ion screen) and relays the response back to the computer.
You can only select D N S Re la y for one of the three servers; if you select D N S Re la y
for a second or third DNS server, that choice changes to N on e after you click Apply.
Select N on e if you do not want to configure DNS servers. If you do not configure a DNS
server, you must know the IP address of a computer in order to access it.
Apply
Click Apply to save your changes back to the EMG1302-R10A.
Cancel
Click Ca nce l to begin configuring this screen afresh.
10.6 The DHCP Client List Screen
This screen allows you to review the list of the devices currently connected to the EMG1302-R10A.
To view your EMG1302-R10A’s DHCP client list, click Configur a t ion > N e t w or k > D H CP Se r ve r >
Clie nt List . The following screen displays.
Figure 53 Configuration > Network > DHCP Server > Client List
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 35 Configuration > Network > DHCP Server > Client List
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
DHCP Client Table
100
This is the index number of the client device.
Status
This shows the status of the connected device.
Host Name
This indicates the device’s host name.
IP Address
This indicates the IP address assigned to this client device.
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Table 35 Configuration > Network > DHCP Server > Client List (continued)
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
MAC Address
Every Ethernet device has a unique MAC (Media Access Control) address. The MAC
address is assigned at the factory and consists of six pairs of hexadecimal characters,
for example, 00:A0:C5:00:00:02.
This indicates the MAC address of the client device.
Reserve
Select this if you want to reserve the IP address for this specific MAC address.
Apply
Click Apply to save your changes back to the EMG1302-R10A.
Cancel
Click Ca nce l to begin configuring this screen afresh.
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11
Quality of Service (QoS)
11.1 Overview
Use the QoS screen to set up your EMG1302-R10A to use QoS for traffic management.
Quality of Service (QoS) refers to both a network’s ability to deliver data with minimum delay, and
the networking methods used to control bandwidth. QoS allows the EMG1302-R10A to group and
prioritize application traffic and fine-tune network performance.
Without QoS, all traffic data are equally likely to be dropped when the network is congested. This
can cause a reduction in network performance and make the network inadequate for time-critical
applications such as video-on-demand.
The EMG1302-R10A assigns each packet a priority and then queues the packet accordingly. Packets
assigned with a high priority are processed more quickly than those with low priorities if there is
congestion, allowing time-sensitive applications to flow more smoothly. Time-sensitive applications
include both those that require a low level of latency (delay) and a low level of jitter (variations in
delay) such as Voice over IP (VoIP) or Internet gaming, and those for which jitter alone is a problem
such as Internet radio or streaming video.
In the following figure, your Internet connection has an upstream transmission speed of 50 Mbps.
You configure a classifier to assign the highest priority queue (6) to VoIP traffic from the LAN
interface, so that voice traffic would not get delayed when there is network congestion. Traffic from
the boss’s IP address (192.168.1.23 for example) is mapped to queue 5. Traffic that does not
match these two classes are assigned priority queue based on the internal QoS mapping table on
the EMG1302-R10A.
Figure 54 QoS Example
VoIP: Queue 6
DSL
50 Mbps
Boss: Queue 5
IP=192.168.1.23
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11.1.1 What You Can Do in the QoS Screens
• Use the Ge n e r a l screen (Section 11.2 on page 104) to enable QoS on the EMG1302-R10A, and
specify the type of scheduling.
• Use the Rule - ba se d QoS screen (Section 11.3 on page 105) to define and setup QoS-specific
rules.
11.1.2 What You Need to Know About QoS
802.1p
QoS is used to prioritize source-to-destination traffic flows. All packets in the same flow are given
the same priority. 802.1p is a way of managing traffic in a network by grouping similar types of
traffic together and treating each type as a class. You can use 802.1p to give different priorities to
different packet types.
Tagging and Marking
In a QoS class, you can configure whether to add or change the DiffServ Code Point (DSCP) value
and IEEE 802.1p priority level in a matched packet. When the packet passes through a compatible
network, the networking device, such as a backbone switch, can provide specific treatment or
service based on the tag or marker.
Finding Out More
See Section 11.4 on page 107 for advanced technical information on QoS.
11.2 The Quality of Service General Screen
Use this screen to enable or disable QoS and set the upstream bandwidth.
Click Con figu r a t ion > N e t w or k > QoS > Ge n e r a l to open the screen as shown next.
Figure 55 Configuration > Network > QoS > General
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The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 36 Configuration > Network > QoS > General
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
QoS
Select En a ble or D isa ble to activate/disable the service.
Bandwidth of Upstream
Enter the amount of upstream bandwidth for the WAN interfaces that you want
to allocate using QoS.
The recommendation is to set this speed to match the interfaces’ actual
transmission speed. For example, set the WAN interfaces’ speed to 100000 kbps
if your Internet connection has an upstream transmission speed of 100 Mbps.
You can set this number higher than the interfaces’ actual transmission speed.
The ZyXEL Device uses up to 95% of the DSL port’s actual upstream
transmission speed even if you set this number higher than the DSL port’s actual
transmission speed.
You can also set this number lower than the interfaces’ actual transmission
speed. This will cause the ZyXEL Device to not use some of the interfaces’
available bandwidth.
If you leave this field blank, the ZyXEL Device automatically sets this number to
be 95% of the WAN interfaces’ actual upstream transmission speed.
Bandwidth of Downstream
Enter the amount of downstream bandwidth for the LAN interfaces (including
HPNA and WLAN) that you want to allocate using QoS.
The recommendation is to set this speed to match the WAN interfaces’ actual
transmission speed. For example, set the LAN managed downstream bandwidth
to 100000 kbps if you use a 100 Mbps wired Ethernet WAN connection.
You can also set this number lower than the WAN interfaces’ actual transmission
speed.
This will cause the ZyXEL Device to not use some of the interfaces’ available
bandwidth.
If you leave this field blank, the ZyXEL Device automatically sets this to the LAN
interfaces’ maximum supported connection speed.
Flexible Bandwidth
Management
Select En a ble or D isa ble to activate/disable the service.
Apply
Click Apply to save your changes back to the EMG1302-R10A.
Cancel
Click Ca nce l to begin configuring this screen afresh.
11.3 The Rule-based QoS Screen
Click Con figu r a t ion > N e t w or k > QoS > Qu e ue to open the screen as shown next.
Figure 56 Configuration > Network > QoS > Queue
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The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 37 Configuration > Network > QoS > Queue
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
This is the index number of the entry.
Status
This field displays whether the queue is active or not. A yellow bulb signifies that this queue is
active. A gray bulb signifies that this queue is not active.
Grouping
This field displays the IP or MAC interface this rule uses.
Control
This field displays the priority designation: 1 to 6 (1 is highest priority).
Direction
This field displays the direciton of the traffic (In / Out / Both) for this rule.
Modify
Click the Edit icon to edit the queue.
Click the D e le t e icon to delete an existing queue. Note that subsequent rules move up by one
when you take this action.
Restart
Click Re st a r t to reset the QoS rules without requiring a device reboot.
Reset QoS
Rule
Click Re se t QoS Ru le to have the rules reset at device reboot.
11.3.1 Adding a Rule
Figure 57 Rule Setup: Edit
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 38 Rule Setup: Edit
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
Rule
Grouping
Select IP to set an IP address grouping designation for this rule.
Select MAC to set a MAC address grouping designation for this rule.
Service
Select D SCP from the drop-down menu, and select the DiffServ CodePoint in the following
field.
Select Se r vice Por t from the drop-down menu, then enter the beginning and ending port
and the protocol type (TCP/UDP) in the following field.
Select Pr e - de fin e d Applica t ion pr ofile s from the drop-down menu, and select the
corresponding Service Type in the following field.
Select Con n e ct ion Se ssion s from the drop-down menu, and enter the control session
designation (1 to 20,000) in the following field.
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Table 38 Rule Setup: Edit (continued)
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
Control
Direction
Select the direciton of the traffic (In / Out / Both) for this rule.
Apply
Click Apply to save your changes back to the EMG1302-R10A.
Cancel
Click Ca nce l to begin configuring this screen afresh.
11.4 QoS Technical Reference
This section provides some technical background information about the topics covered in this
chapter.
11.4.1 IEEE 802.1p
IEEE 802.1p specifies the user priority field and defines up to eight separate traffic types. The
following table describes the traffic types defined in the IEEE 802.1d standard (which incorporates
the 802.1p).
Table 39 IEEE 802.1p Priority Level and Traffic Type
PRIORITY
LEVEL
TRAFFIC TYPE
Level 7
Typically used for network control traffic such as router configuration messages.
Level 6
Typically used for voice traffic that is especially sensitive to jitter (jitter is the variations in
delay).
Level 5
Typically used for video that consumes high bandwidth and is sensitive to jitter.
Level 4
Typically used for controlled load, latency-sensitive traffic such as SNA (Systems Network
Architecture) transactions.
Level 3
Typically used for “excellent effort” or better than best effort and would include important
business traffic that can tolerate some delay.
Level 2
This is for “spare bandwidth”.
Level 1
This is typically used for non-critical “background” traffic such as bulk transfers that are allowed
but that should not affect other applications and users.
Level 0
Typically used for best-effort traffic.
11.4.2 IP Precedence
Similar to IEEE 802.1p prioritization at layer-2, you can use IP precedence to prioritize packets in a
layer-3 network. IP precedence uses three bits of the eight-bit ToS (Type of Service) field in the IP
header. There are eight classes of services (ranging from zero to seven) in IP precedence. Zero is
the lowest priority level and seven is the highest.
11.4.3 Automatic Priority Queue Assignment
If you enable QoS on the EMG1302-R10A, the EMG1302-R10A can automatically base on the IEEE
802.1p priority level, IP precedence and/or packet length to assign priority to traffic which does not
match a class.
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The following table shows you the internal layer-2 and layer-3 QoS mapping on the EMG1302R10A. On the EMG1302-R10A, traffic assigned to higher priority queues gets through faster while
traffic in lower index queues is dropped if the network is congested.
Table 40 Internal Layer2 and Layer3 QoS Mapping
LAYER 2
LAYER 3
PRIORITY
QUEUE
IEEE 802.1P USER
PRIORITY
(ETHERNET
PRIORITY)
TOS (IP
PRECEDENCE)
DSCP
000000
IP PACKET
LENGTH (BYTE)
000000
>1100
001110
250~1100
001100
001010
001000
010110
010100
010010
010000
011110
<250
011100
011010
011000
100110
100100
100010
100000
101110
101000
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111000
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12
NAT
12.1 Overview
NAT (Network Address Translation - NAT, RFC 1631) is the translation of the IP address of a host in
a packet. For example, the source address of an outgoing packet, used within one network is
changed to a different IP address known within another network.
The figure below is a simple illustration of a NAT network. You want to assign ports 21-25 to one,
Telnet and SMTP server (A in the example), port 80 to another (B in the example) and assign a
default server IP address of 192.168.1.35 to a third (C in the example).
You assign the LAN IP addresses to the devices (A to D ) connected to your EMG1302-R10A. The ISP
assigns the WAN IP address. The NAT network appears as a single host on the Internet. All traffic
coming from A to D going out to the Internet use the IP address of the EMG1302-R10A, which is
192.168.1.1.
Figure 58 NAT Example
A: 192.168.1.33
LAN
, Telnet, SNMP
Ports 21 to 25
WAN
192.168.1.1
B: 192.168.1.34
Port 80
IP address
assigned by ISP
C: 192.168.1.35
This chapter discusses how to configure NAT on the EMG1302-R10A.
Note: You must create a firewall rule in addition to setting up NAT, to allow traffic from
the WAN to be forwarded through the EMG1302-R10A.
12.2 What You Can Do
• Use the Ge n e r a l screen to enable NAT (Section 12.4 on page 112).
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• Use the Por t For w a r din g screen to change your EMG1302-R10A’s port forwarding settings
(Section 12.5 on page 112).
• Use the Por t Tr igge r screen to view and configure your EMG1302-R10A’s trigger port settings
(Section 12.5 on page 112).
• Use the ALG screen to
12.3 What You Need To Know
The following terms and concepts may help as you read through this chapter.
Inside/Outside
This denotes where a host is located relative to the EMG1302-R10A, for example, the computers of
your subscribers are the inside hosts, while the web servers on the Internet are the outside hosts.
Global/Local
This denotes the IP address of a host in a packet as the packet traverses a router, for example, the
local address refers to the IP address of a host when the packet is in the local network, while the
global address refers to the IP address of the host when the same packet is traveling in the WAN
side.
Note: Inside/outside refers to the location of a host, while global/local refers to the IP
address of a host used in a packet.
An inside local address (ILA) is the IP address of an inside host in a packet when the packet is still
in the local network, while an inside global address (IGA) is the IP address of the same inside host
when the packet is on the WAN side. The following table summarizes this information.
Table 41 NAT Definitions
ITEM
DESCRIPTION
Inside
This refers to the host on the LAN.
Outside
This refers to the host on the WAN.
Local
This refers to the packet address (source or
destination) as the packet travels on the LAN.
Global
This refers to the packet address (source or
destination) as the packet travels on the WAN.
Note: NAT never changes the IP address (either local or global) of an outside host.
What NAT Does
In the simplest form, NAT changes the source IP address in a packet received from a subscriber
(the inside local address) to another (the inside global address) before forwarding the packet to the
WAN side. When the response comes back, NAT translates the destination address (the inside
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global address) back to the inside local address before forwarding it to the original inside host. Note
that the IP address (either local or global) of an outside host is never changed.
The global IP addresses for the inside hosts can be either static or dynamically assigned by the ISP.
In addition, you can designate servers, for example, a web server and a telnet server, on your local
network and make them accessible to the outside world. If you do not define any servers, NAT
offers the additional benefit of firewall protection. With no servers defined, your EMG1302-R10A
filters out all incoming inquiries, thus preventing intruders from probing your network. For more
information on IP address translation, refer to RFC 1631, The I P Net work Address Translat or ( NAT) .
How NAT Works
Each packet has two addresses – a source address and a destination address. For outgoing packets,
the ILA (Inside Local Address) is the source address on the LAN, and the IGA (Inside Global
Address) is the source address on the WAN. For incoming packets, the ILA is the destination
address on the LAN, and the IGA is the destination address on the WAN. NAT maps private (local)
IP addresses to globally unique ones required for communication with hosts on other networks. It
replaces the original IP source address in each packet and then forwards it to the Internet. The
EMG1302-R10A keeps track of the original addresses and port numbers so incoming reply packets
can have their original values restored. The following figure illustrates this.
Figure 59 How NAT Works
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12.4 The NAT General Screen
Use this screen to enable NAT and set a default server. Click Con figu r a t ion > N e t w or k > N AT to
open the Ge ne r a l screen.
Figure 60 Configuration > Network > NAT > General
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 42 Configuration > Network > NAT > General
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
Network Address
Translation(NAT)
Network Address Translation (NAT) allows the translation of an Internet protocol
address used within one network (for example a private IP address used in a local
network) to a different IP address known within another network (for example a public
IP address used on the Internet).
Select the check box to enable NAT.
NAT Loopback
Apply
Click Apply to save your changes back to the EMG1302-R10A.
Reset
Click Re se t to begin configuring this screen afresh.
12.5 The NAT Port Forwarding Screen
Port forwarding allows you to define the local servers to which the incoming services will be
forwarded. This screen allows you to create or edit a port forwarding rule. To change your
EMG1302-R10A’s NAT port forwarding settings, click Con figu r a t ion > N e t w or k > N AT > Por t
For w a r ding. The screen appears as shown.
Figure 61 Configuration > Network > NAT > Port Forwarding
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The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 43 Configuration > Network > NAT > Port Forwarding
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
Service Name
Select Use r - D e fin e d and type a name (of up to 31 printable characters) to identify this
rule in the first field next to Se r vice N a m e . Otherwise, select a predefined service in
the second field next to Se r vice N a m e . The predefined service name and port
number(s) will display in the Se r vice N a m e and Por t fields.
Service Protocol
Select the protocol supported by this service. Choices are TCP_ UD P, TCP, or UD P.
WAN Interface
Select a WAN interface for which you want to configure port forwarding rules.
Port Range
Type the first and last internal port number that identifies a service.
Translation Port
Range
Type the first and last external port number that identifies a service.
Server IP Address
Type the inside IP address of the virtual server here.
Add
Click Add to save the port forwarding rule.
This is the number of an individual port forwarding server entry.
Status
Shows the rule status.
Name
This field displays a name to identify this rule.
Protocol
This is the protocol used by this service.
WAN Interface
This is the WAN interface of the rule.
WAN IP
This is the WAN IP address of the incoming packets.
Port
This is the internal port number that identifies the service.
Translation Port
Range
Type the first and last external port number that identifies a service.
Server IP Address
This field displays the inside IP address of the server.
Modify
Click the Edit icon to display and modify an existing rule setting.
Click the Re m ove icon to delete a rule.
Apply
Click Apply to save your changes back to the EMG1302-R10A.
Cancel
Click Ca n ce l to begin configuring this screen afresh.
12.6 The NAT Trigger Port Screen
Some services use a dedicated range of ports on the client side and a dedicated range of ports on
the server side. With regular port forwarding you set a forwarding port in NAT to forward a service
(coming in from the server on the WAN) to the IP address of a computer on the client side (LAN).
The problem is that port forwarding only forwards a service to a single LAN IP address. In order to
use the same service on a different LAN computer, you have to manually replace the LAN
computer’s IP address in the forwarding port with another LAN computer’s IP address.
Trigger port forwarding solves this problem by allowing computers on the LAN to dynamically take
turns using the service. The EMG1302-R10A records the IP address of a LAN computer that sends
traffic to the WAN to request a service with a specific port number and protocol (a “trigger” port).
When the EMG1302-R10A WAN port receives a response with a specific port number and protocol
(“open” port), the EMG1302-R10A forwards the traffic to the LAN IP address of the computer that
sent the request. After that computer’s connection for that service closes, another computer on the
LAN can use the service in the same manner. This way you do not need to configure a new IP
address each time you want a different LAN computer to use the application.
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Use this screen to view and configure your EMG1302-R10A’s trigger port settings. Click
Con figu r a t ion > N e t w or k > N AT > Por t Tr igge r to open the Por t Tr igge r screen.
Figure 62 Configuration > Network > NAT > Port Trigger
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 44 Configuration > Network > NAT > Port Trigger
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
Application Rules Summary
Port Trigger Rules
114
This is the rule index number (read-only).
Name
Type a unique name (up to 15 characters) for identification purposes. All characters
are permitted - including spaces.
WAN Interface
This is the WAN interface of the rule.
Incoming Port
I n com in g Por t is a port (or a range of ports) that a server on the WAN uses when it
sends out a particular service. The device forwards the traffic with this port (or range
of ports) to the client computer on the LAN that requested the service.
Trigger Port
The trigger port is a port (or a range of ports) that causes (or triggers) the device to
record the IP address of the LAN computer that sent the traffic to a server on the
WAN.
Apply
Click Apply to save your changes back to the EMG1302-R10A.
Cancel
Click Ca n ce l to begin configuring this screen afresh.
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Chapter 12 NAT
12.7 The ALG Screen
Click Con figu r a t ion > N e t w or k > N AT > ALG. The screen appears as shown.
Figure 63 Configuration > Network > NAT > ALG
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 45 Configuration > Network > NAT > ALG
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
ALG-SIP
Apply
Click Apply to save your changes back to the EMG1302-R10A.
Cancel
Click Ca n ce l to begin configuring this screen afresh.
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13
DDNS
13.1 Overview
Dynamic Domain Name Service (DDNS) services let you use a fixed domain name with a dynamic
IP address. Users can always use the same domain name instead of a different dynamic IP address
that changes each time to connect to the EMG1302-R10A or a server in your network.
Note: The EMG1302-R10A must have a public global IP address and you should have your
registered DDNS account information on hand.
13.2 The DDNS General Screen
To change your EMG1302-R10A’s DDNS, click Con figu r a t ion > N e t w or k > D D N S. The Ge ne r a l
screen appears as shown.
Figure 64 Configuration > Network > Dynamic DNS > Dynamic DNS
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 46 Configuration > Network > Dynamic DNS > Dynamic DNS
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
IPv4 Dynamic DNS Setup
Dynamic DNS
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Select Ena ble to use dynamic DNS.
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Table 46 Configuration > Network > Dynamic DNS > Dynamic DNS (continued)
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
Service Provider
Select the name of your Dynamic DNS service provider.
Host Name
The host name is the domain name that the DDNS service will map to your dynamic
global IP address. Type the host name fully qualified, for example,
‘yourhost.mydomain.net’. You can specify up to two host names in the field separated
by a comma (",").
User Name
Type the user name that you used when you registered with the DDNS service.
Password
Type the password associated with the DDNS user name.
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Dynamic DNS
Select Ena ble to use dynamic DNS.
Service Provider
Select the name of your Dynamic DNS service provider.
Host Name
The host name is the domain name that the DDNS service will map to your dynamic
global IP address. Type the host name fully qualified, for example,
‘yourhost.mydomain.net’. You can specify up to two host names in the field separated
by a comma (",").
Token
This is the token authentication provided by the hosting provider (i.e. FreeDDNS).
When the host name is registered, the hosting server provides the token identifier.
Apply
Click Apply to save your changes back to the EMG1302-R10A.
Cancel
Click Ca n ce l to exit this screen without saving.
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14
Routing
14.1 Overview
This chapter shows you how to configure static routes for your EMG1302-R10A.
Each remote node specifies only the network to which the gateway is directly connected, and the
EMG1302-R10A has no knowledge of the networks beyond. For instance, the EMG1302-R10A
knows about network N2 in the following figure through remote node Router 1. However, the
EMG1302-R10A is unable to route a packet to network N3 because it doesn't know that there is a
route through the same remote node Router 1 (via gateway Router 2). The static routes are for you
to tell the EMG1302-R10A about the networks beyond the remote nodes.
Figure 65 Example of Static Routing Topology
14.2 Static Route Screen
Click Configur a t ion > N e t w or k > Rount ing > St a t ic Rout e to open the St a t ic Rout e screen.
Figure 66 Configuration > Network > Routing > Static Route
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The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 47 Configuration > Network > Routing > Static Route
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
Add Static Route
Click this to create a new rule.
Static Route Rules
This is the index number of an individual static route. The first entry is for the default
route and not editable.
Status
This field indicates weather the rule is active (yellow bulb) or not (gray bulb).
Destination
Displays the IP network address of the final destination. Routing is always based on
network number.
Gateway
Displays the IP address of the gateway. The gateway is an immediate neighbor of your
EMG1302-R10A that will forward the packet to the destination. On the LAN, the
gateway must be a router on the same segment as your EMG1302-R10A; over the
WAN, the gateway must be the IP address of one of the remote nodes.
Subnet Mask
Displays the subnet to which the route’s final destination belongs.
Modify
Click the Edit icon to open the static route screen. Modify a static route.
Click the Re m ove icon to delete a static route.
14.2.1 Add/Edit Static Route Screen
To add or edit a static route click the Add St a t ic Rout e in Configu r a t ion > N e t w or k > St a t ic
Rout e > St a t ic Rou t e screen or click on Edit icon under Modify in configur a t ion > N e t w or k >
St a t ic Rou t e > St a t ic Rou t e . Fill in or change the required information for each static route.
Figure 67 Configuration > Network > Routing > Static Route > Add Static Route
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 48 Configuration > Network > Routing > Static Route > Add Static Route
120
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
Static route
This field allows you to enable/disable the static route.
Destination IP
Address
This parameter specifies the IP network address of the final destination. Routing is
always based on network number. If you need to specify a route to a single host, use a
subnet mask of 255.255.255.255 in the subnet mask field to force the network number
to be identical to the host ID.
IP Subnet Netmask
This is the subnet to which the route’s final destination belongs.
Gateway IP Address
Enter the IP address of the gateway. This gateways is an immediate neighbor of your
EMG1302-R10A that will forward the packet to the destination. On the LAN, the
gateway must be a router on the same segment as your EMG1302-R10A; over the
WAN, the gateway must be the IP address of one of the Remote Nodes.
Back
Click the Ba ck icon to return to the previous page.
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Chapter 14 Routing
Table 48 Configuration > Network > Routing > Static Route > Add Static Route (continued)
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
Apply
Click Apply to save your changes back to the EMG1302-R10A.
Cancel
Click Ca n ce l to exit this screen without saving.
14.3 The Dynamic Routing Screen
Click Configu r a t ion > N e t w or k > Rou t in g > D yn a m ic Rou t in g to open the D yn a m ic Rou t ing
screen.
Figure 68 Configuration > Network > Routing > Dynamic Routing
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 49 Configuration > Network > Routing > Dynamic Routing
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
Dynamic Routing
Apply
Click Apply to save your changes back to the EMG1302-R10A.
Cancel
Click Ca n ce l to exit this screen without saving.
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15
Interface Group
15.1 Overview
By default, all LAN and WAN interfaces on the EMG1302-R10A are in the same group and can
communicate with each other. You can create multiple groups to have the EMG1302-R10A assign
the IP addresses in different domains to different groups. Each group acts as an independent
network on the EMG1302-R10A.
15.2 The Interface Group Screen
You can manually add a LAN interface or a VLAN ID to a new group. Click Con figu r a t ion >
N e t w or k > I n t e r fa ce Gr ou p to open the following screen.
Figure 69 Configuration > Network > Interface Group
The following table describes the fields in this screen.
Table 50 Configuration > Network > Interface Group
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
Add
Click this to add a new interface grouping rule.
You must configure a WAN connection before you can add a new interface grouping
rule. See Chapter 7 on page 55 for more information.
Interface Grouping Rules
Name
This shows the descriptive name of the group.
LAN Interfaces
This shows the LAN interfaces in the group.
WAN Interfaces
This shows the WAN interfaces in the group.
Modify
Select the D e le t e icon to delete the group from the EMG1302-R10A.
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15.2.1 Add Interface Group
Click the Add button in the I nt e r fa ce Gr ou p screen to open the following screen. Use this screen
to create a new interface group.
Note: An interface can belong to a group only.
Figure 70 Interface Group > Add New Group
The following table describes the fields in this screen.
Table 51 Interface Group > Add New Group
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
Interface Grouping
124
Group Name
Enter a name to identify this group.
WAN Interfaces
used in the
grouping
Select the WAN interface this group uses. The group can have up to one PTM interface
and up to one ATM interface.
Grouped LAN
Interfaces
Select a LAN or WAN interface in Ava ila ble LAN I nt e r fa ce s and use the left-facing
arrow to move it to the Gr ou pe d LAN I n t e r fa ce s to add the interface to this group.
Available LAN
Interfaces
To remove a LAN or WAN interface from the Gr ou pe d LAN I n t e r fa ce s, select it and
click the right-facing arrow.
Back
Click Ba ck to return to the previous screen.
Apply
Click Apply to save your changes back to the EMG1302-R10A.
Cancel
Click Ca n ce l to exit this screen without saving.
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16
Security
16.1 Overview
Use these screens to enable and configure the firewall that protects your EMG1302-R10A and your
LAN from unwanted or malicious traffic.
Enable the firewall to protect your LAN computers from attacks by hackers on the Internet and
control access between the LAN and WAN. By default the firewall:
• allows traffic that originates from your LAN computers to go to all of the networks.
• blocks traffic that originates on the other networks from going to the LAN.
The following figure illustrates the default firewall action. User A can initiate an IM (Instant
Messaging) session from the LAN to the WAN (1). Return traffic for this session is also allowed (2).
However other traffic initiated from the WAN is blocked (3 and 4).
Figure 71 Default Firewall Action
WAN
LAN
16.2 What You Can Do
• Use the Ge n e r a l screen to enable or disable the EMG1302-R10A’s firewall (Section 16.4 on page
127).
• Use the Se r vice s screen to configure the EMG1302-R10A’s ICMP settings (Section 16.5 on page
128).
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16.3 What You Need To Know
The following terms and concepts may help as you read through this chapter.
What is a Firewall?
Originally, the term “firewall” referred to a construction technique designed to prevent the spread of
fire from one room to another. The networking term "firewall" is a system or group of systems that
enforces an access-control policy between two networks. It may also be defined as a mechanism
used to protect a trusted network from a network that is not trusted. Of course, firewalls cannot
solve every security problem. A firewall is one of the mechanisms used to establish a network
security perimeter in support of a network security policy. It should never be the only mechanism or
method employed. For a firewall to guard effectively, you must design and deploy it appropriately.
This requires integrating the firewall into a broad information-security policy. In addition, specific
policies must be implemented within the firewall itself.
Stateful Inspection Firewall
Stateful inspection firewalls restrict access by screening data packets against defined access rules.
They make access control decisions based on IP address and protocol. They also "inspect" the
session data to assure the integrity of the connection and to adapt to dynamic protocols. These
firewalls generally provide the best speed and transparency; however, they may lack the granular
application level access control or caching that some proxies support. Firewalls, of one type or
another, have become an integral part of standard security solutions for enterprises.
About the EMG1302-R10A Firewall
The EMG1302-R10A’s firewall feature physically separates the LAN and the WAN and acts as a
secure gateway for all data passing between the networks.
It is a stateful inspection firewall and is designed to protect against Denial of Service attacks when
activated (click the Ge n e r a l tab under Fir e w a ll and then click the Ena ble Fir e w a ll check box).
The EMG1302-R10A's purpose is to allow a private Local Area Network (LAN) to be securely
connected to the Internet. The EMG1302-R10A can be used to prevent theft, destruction and
modification of data, as well as log events, which may be important to the security of your network.
The EMG1302-R10A is installed between the LAN and a broadband modem connecting to the
Internet. This allows it to act as a secure gateway for all data passing between the Internet and the
LAN.
The EMG1302-R10A has one Ethernet WAN port and four Ethernet LAN ports, which are used to
physically separate the network into two areas.The WAN (Wide Area Network) port attaches to the
broadband (cable or DSL) modem to the Internet.
The LAN (Local Area Network) port attaches to a network of computers, which needs security from
the outside world. These computers will have access to Internet services such as e-mail, and the
World Wide Web. However, "inbound access" is not allowed (by default) unless the remote host is
authorized to use a specific service.
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Guidelines For Enhancing Security With Your Firewall
Change the default password via Web Configurator.
Think about access control before you connect to the network in any way, including attaching a
modem to the port.
Limit who can access your router.
Don't enable any local service (such as NTP) that you don't use. Any enabled service could present
a potential security risk. A determined hacker might be able to find creative ways to misuse the
enabled services to access the firewall or the network.
For local services that are enabled, protect against misuse. Protect by configuring the services to
communicate only with specific peers, and protect by configuring rules to block packets for the
services at specific interfaces.
Protect against IP spoofing by making sure the firewall is active.
Keep the firewall in a secured (locked) room.
16.4 The Firewall General Screen
Use this screen to enable or disable the EMG1302-R10A’s firewall, and set up firewall logs. Click
Con figu r a t ion > Se cu r it y > Fir e w a ll to open the Ge n e r a l screen.
Figure 72 Configuration > Security > Firewall > General l
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 52 Configuration > Security > Firewall > General
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
Enable Firewall
Select this check box to activate the firewall. The EMG1302-R10A performs access
control and protects against Denial of Service (DoS) attacks when the firewall is
activated.
Apply
Click Apply to save the settings.
Cancel
Click Ca n ce l to exit this screen without saving.
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Chapter 16 Security
16.5 The Firewall Services Screen
If an outside user attempts to probe an unsupported port on your EMG1302-R10A, an ICMP
response packet is automatically returned. This allows the outside user to know the EMG1302-R10A
exists. Use this screen to prevent the ICMP response packet from being sent. This keeps outsiders
from discovering your EMG1302-R10A when unsupported ports are probed.
Click Con figu r a t ion > Se cu r it y > Fir e w a ll > Se r vice s to display the following screen.
Figure 73 Configuration > Security > Firewall > Services
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 53 Configuration > Security > Firewall > Services
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
ICMP
128
ICMP
Internet Control Message Protocol is a message control and error-reporting protocol
between a host server and a gateway to the Internet. ICMP uses Internet Protocol (IP)
datagrams, but the messages are processed by the TCP/IP software and directly
apparent to the application user.
Respond to Ping on
The EMG1302-R10A will not respond to any incoming Ping requests when D isa ble is
selected. Select LAN to reply to incoming LAN Ping requests. Select W AN to reply to
incoming WAN Ping requests. Otherwise select LAN & W AN to reply to all incoming
LAN and WAN Ping requests.
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Table 53 Configuration > Security > Firewall > Services (continued)
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
WAN Stealth Mode
Enable WAN Stealth
Mode
Enable Firewall Rule
Enable Firewall Rule
Select this check box to enable firewall rule and click Apply.
Add Firewall Rule
Service Name
Enter a name that identifies or describes the firewall rule.
MAC Address
Enter the MAC address of the computer for which the firewall rule applies.
Dest_IP_Address
Enter the IP address of the computer to which traffic for the application or service is
entering.
The EMG1302-R10A applies the firewall rule to traffic initiations from this computer.
Source_IP_Address
Enter the IP address of the computer that initializes traffic for the application or service.
The EMG1302-R10A applies the firewall rule to traffic initiating from this computer.
Protocol
Select the protocol (TCP, UD P or I CM P) used to transport the packets for which you
want to apply the firewall rule.
DestPortRange
Enter the port number/range of the destination that define the traffic type, for example
TCP port 80 defines web traffic.
SourcePortRange
Enter the port number/range of the source that define the traffic type, for example TCP
port 80 defines web traffic.
Add Rule
Click to add rule.
Firewall Rule
This is your firewall rule number. The ordering of your rules is important as rules are
applied in turn.
ServiceName
This is a name that identifies or describes the firewall rule.
MACaddress
This is the MAC address of the computer for which the firewall rule applies.
DestIP
This is the IP address of the computer to which traffic for the application or service is
entering.
SourceIP
This is the IP address of the computer to which traffic for the application or service is
initialized.
Protocol
This is the protocol (TCP, UD P or I CM P) used to transport the packets for which you
want to apply the firewall rule.
DestPortRange
This is the port number/range of the destination that define the traffic type, for
example TCP port 80 defines web traffic.
SourcePortRange
This is the port number/range of the source that define the traffic type, for example
TCP port 80 defines web traffic.
Action
D ROP - Traffic matching the conditions of the firewall rule are stopped.
Delete
Click D e le t e to remove the firewall rule.
Cancel
Click Ca n ce l to exit this screen without saving.
See Section on page 199 for commonly used services and port numbers.
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17
Content Filtering
17.1 Overview
This chapter provides a brief overview of content filtering using the embedded web GUI.
Internet content filtering allows you to create and enforce Internet access policies tailored to your
needs. Content filtering is the ability to block certain web features or specific URL keywords.
17.2 What You Need To Know
The following terms and concepts may help as you read through this chapter.
Content Filtering Profiles
Content filtering allows you to block certain web features, such as cookies, and/or block access to
specific web sites. For example, you can configure one policy that blocks John Doe’s access to arts
and entertainment web pages.
A content filtering profile conveniently stores your custom settings for the following features.
Keyword Blocking URL Checking
The EMG1302-R10A checks the URL’s domain name (or IP address) and file path separately when
performing keyword blocking.
The URL’s domain name or IP address is the characters that come before the first slash in the URL.
For example, with the URL www.zyxel.com.tw/news/pressroom.php, the domain name is
www.zyxel.com.tw.
The file path is the characters that come after the first slash in the URL. For example, with the URL
www.zyxel.com.tw/news/pressroom.php, the file path is news/pressroom.php.
Since the EMG1302-R10A checks the URL’s domain name (or IP address) and file path separately, it
will not find items that go across the two. For example, with the URL www.zyxel.com.tw/news/
pressroom.php, the EMG1302-R10A would find “tw” in the domain name (www.zyxel.com.tw). It
would also find “news” in the file path (news/pressroom.php) but it would not find “tw/news”.
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Chapter 17 Content Filtering
17.3 Content Filter
Use this screen to restrict web features, add keywords for blocking and designate a trusted
computer. Click Con figu r a t ion > Se cu r it y > Cont e nt Filt e r to open the Cont e nt Filt e r screen.
Figure 74 Configuration > Security > Content Filter
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 54 Configuration > Security > Content Filter
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
Trust IP Setup
Trusted Computer
IP Address
To enable this feature, type an IP address of any one of the computers in your network
that you want to have as a trusted computer. This allows the trusted computer to have
full access to all features that are configured to be blocked by content filtering.
Leave this field blank to have no trusted computers.
Restrict Web Features
Restrict Web
Features
132
Select the box(es) to restrict a feature. When you download a page containing a
restricted feature, that part of the web page will appear blank or grayed out.
ActiveX
A tool for building dynamic and active Web pages and distributed object applications.
When you visit an ActiveX Web site, ActiveX controls are downloaded to your browser,
where they remain in case you visit the site again.
Java
A programming language and development environment for building downloadable Web
components or Internet and intranet business applications of all kinds.
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Chapter 17 Content Filtering
Table 54 Configuration > Security > Content Filter (continued)
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
Cookies
Used by Web servers to track usage and provide service based on ID.
Web Proxy
A server that acts as an intermediary between a user and the Internet to provide
security, administrative control, and caching service. When a proxy server is located on
the WAN it is possible for LAN users to circumvent content filtering by pointing to this
proxy server.
Keyword Blocking
Enable URL
Keyboard Blocking
The EMG1302-R10A can block Web sites with URLs that contain certain keywords in the
domain name or IP address. For example, if the keyword “bad” was enabled, all sites
containing this keyword in the domain name or IP address will be block, e.g., URL
http://www.website.com/bad.html would be blocked. Select this check box to enable
this feature.
Keyword
Type a keyword in this field. You may use any character (up to 64 characters).
Wildcards are not allowed. You can also enter a numerical IP address.
Add
Click Add after you have typed a keyword.
Repeat this procedure to add other keywords. Up to 64 keywords are allowed.
When you try to access a web page containing a keyword, you will get a message
telling you that the content filter is blocking this request.
Keyword List
This list displays the keywords already added.
Delete
Highlight a keyword in the lower box and click D e le t e to remove it. The keyword
disappears from the text box after you click Apply.
Clear All
Click Cle a r All to remove all of the listed keywords.
Apply
Click Apply to save your changes back to the EMG1302-R10A.
Cancel
Click Ca n ce l to exit this screen without saving.
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18
IPv6 Firewall
18.1 Overview
18.2 The IPv6 Firewall Screen
Click Con figu r a t ion > Se cu r it y > I Pv6 Fir e w a ll. The Se r vice screen appears as shown.
Figure 75 Configuration > Security > IPv6 Firewall
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 55 Configuration > Security > IPv6 Firewall
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
Enable Firewall Rule
Enable Firewall Rule
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Chapter 18 IPv6 Firewall
Table 55 Configuration > Security > IPv6 Firewall (continued)
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
Add Firewall Rule
Service Name
Enter a name that identifies or describes the firewall rule.
MAC Address
Enter the MAC address of the computer for which the firewall rule applies.
Dest IP Address
Enter the IP address of the computer to which traffic for the application or service is
entering.
The EMG1302-R10A applies the firewall rule to traffic initiations from this computer.
Source IP Address
Enter the IP address of the computer that initializes traffic for the application or service.
The EMG1302-R10A applies the firewall rule to traffic initiating from this computer.
Protocol
Select the protocol (TCP, UD P or I CM P) used to transport the packets for which you
want to apply the firewall rule.
Dest Port Range
Enter the port number/range of the destination that define the traffic type, for example
TCP port 80 defines web traffic.
Source Port Range
Enter the port number/range of the source that define the traffic type, for example TCP
port 80 defines web traffic.
Add Rule
Click to add rule.
Firewall Rule
This is your firewall rule number. The ordering of your rules is important as rules are
applied in turn.
ServiceName
This is a name that identifies or describes the firewall rule.
MACaddress
This is the MAC address of the computer for which the firewall rule applies.
DestIP
This is the IP address of the computer to which traffic for the application or service is
entering.
SourceIP
This is the IP address of the computer to which traffic for the application or service is
initialized.
Protocol
This is the protocol (TCP, UD P or I CM P) used to transport the packets for which you
want to apply the firewall rule.
DestPortRange
This is the port number/range of the destination that define the traffic type, for
example TCP port 80 defines web traffic.
SourcePortRange
This is the port number/range of the source that define the traffic type, for example
TCP port 80 defines web traffic.
Action
D ROP - Traffic matching the conditions of the firewall rule are stopped.
Delete
Click D e le t e to remove the firewall rule.
Reset
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19
Remote Management
19.1 Overview
This chapter provides information on the Remote Management screens.
Remote Management allows you to manage your EMG1302-R10A from a remote location through
the following interfaces:
• LAN and WAN
• LAN only
Note: The EMG1302-R10A is managed using the Web Configurator.
19.2 What You Need to Know
Remote management over LAN or WAN will not work when:
The IP address in the Se cu r e d Clie n t I P Addr e ss field (Section 19.4 on page 138) does not match
the client IP address. If it does not match, the EMG1302-R10A will disconnect the session
immediately.
There is already another remote management session. You may only have one remote
management session running at one time.
There is a firewall rule that blocks it.
19.2.1 Remote Management and NAT
When NAT is enabled:
• Use the EMG1302-R10A’s WAN IP address when configuring from the WAN.
• Use the EMG1302-R10A’s LAN IP address when configuring from the LAN.
19.3 What You Can Do
• Use the W W W screen to configure through which interface(s) and from which IP address(es)
users can use HTTP or HTTPs to manage the NBG4104 (Section 19.4 on page 138).
• Use the Te ln e t screen to configure through which interface(s) and from which IP address(es)
users can use Telnet to manage the EMG1302-R10A (Section 19.5 on page 139).
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• Your EMG1302-R10A can act as an SNMP agent, which allows a manager station to manage and
monitor the EMG1302-R10A through the network. Use the SN M P screen to configure SNMP
settings. You can also specify from which IP addresses the access can come (Section 19.6 on
page 140).
• Use the TR0 6 9 screen to configure the EMG1302-R10A’s TR-069 auto-configuration settings
(Section 19.7 on page 142).
19.4 The WWW Screen
To change your EMG1302-R10A’s remote management settings, click Con figu r a t ion >
M a na ge m e nt > Re m ot e M GM T to open the W W W screen.
Figure 76 Configuration > Management > Remote MGMT > WWW
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 56 Configuration > Management > Remote MGMT > WWW
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
HTTPS
Port
You may change the server port number for a HTTPS service if needed. However you
must use the same port number in order to use that service for remote management.
Access Status
Select the interface(s) through which a computer may access the EMG1302-R10A using
this HTTPS service.
Secured Client IP
Address
Select All to allow all computers to access the EMG1302-R10A.
Otherwise, check Se le ct e d and specify the IP address of the computer that can access
the EMG1302-R10A.
HTTP
Port
138
You may change the server port number for a HTTPS service if needed. However you
must use the same port number in order to use that service for remote management.
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Table 56 Configuration > Management > Remote MGMT > WWW (continued)
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
Access Status
Select the interface(s) through which a computer may access the EMG1302-R10A using
this HTTP service.
Secured Client IP
Address
Select All to allow all computers to access the EMG1302-R10A.
Apply
Click Apply to save your changes back to the EMG1302-R10A.
Cancel
Click Ca n ce l to exit this screen without saving.
Otherwise, check Se le ct e d and specify the IP address of the computer that can access
the EMG1302-R10A.
19.5 The Telnet Screen
You can use Telnet to access the EMG1302-R10A’s command line interface. Specify which interfaces
allow Telnet access and from which IP address the access can come.
Click Configur a t ion > M a n a ge m e n t > Re m ot e M GM T > Te ln e t to display the screen as shown.
Figure 77 Configuration > Management > Remote MGMT > Telnet
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 57 Configuration > Management > Remote MGMT > Telnet
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
Port
You may change the server port number for a service if needed. However you must use
the same port number in order to use that service for remote management.
Access Status
Select the interface(s) through which a computer may access the EMG1302-R10A using
this service.
Secured Client IP
Address
Select All to allow all computers to access the EMG1302-R10A.
Apply
Click Apply to save your changes back to the EMG1302-R10A.
Cancel
Click Ca n ce l to exit this screen without saving.
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Otherwise, check Se le ct e d and specify the IP address of the computer that can access
the EMG1302-R10A.
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19.6 The SNMP Screen
Simple Network Management Protocol is a protocol used for exchanging management information
between network devices. Your EMG1302-R10A supports SNMP agent functionality, which allows a
manager station to manage and monitor the EMG1302-R10A through the network. The EMG1302R10A supports SNMP version one (SNMPv1) and version two (SNMPv2c). The next figure illustrates
an SNMP management operation.
Figure 78 SNMP Management Model
An SNMP managed network consists of two main types of component: agents and a manager.
An agent is a management software module that resides in a managed device (the EMG1302R10A). An agent translates the local management information from the managed device into a form
compatible with SNMP. The manager is the console through which network administrators perform
network management functions. It executes applications that control and monitor managed
devices.
The managed devices contain object variables/managed objects that define each piece of
information to be collected about a device. Examples of variables include such as number of
packets received, node port status etc. A Management Information Base (MIB) is a collection of
managed objects. SNMP allows a manager and agents to communicate for the purpose of accessing
these objects.
SNMP itself is a simple request/response protocol based on the manager/agent model. The
manager issues a request and the agent returns responses using the following protocol operations:
• Get - Allows the manager to retrieve an object variable from the agent.
• GetNext - Allows the manager to retrieve the next object variable from a table or list within an
agent. In SNMPv1, when a manager wants to retrieve all elements of a table from an agent, it
initiates a Get operation, followed by a series of GetNext operations.
• Set - Allows the manager to set values for object variables within an agent.
• Trap - Used by the agent to inform the manager of some events.
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To change your EMG1302-R10A’s SNMP settings, click Con figu r a t ion > M a n a ge m e n t > Re m ot e
M GM T > SN M P to display the screen as shown.
Figure 79 Configuration > Management > Remote MGMT > SNMP
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 58 Configuration > Management > Remote MGMT > SNMP
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
SNMP Settings
Server Access
Select the interface(s) through which a computer may access the EMG1302-R10A using
this service.
Secured IP
Select All to allow all computers to access the EMG1302-R10A.
Otherwise, check Se le ct e d and specify the IP address of the computer that can access
the EMG1302-R10A.
SNMP Enable
Select this to enable SNMP on this device.
SNMP Version
Get Community
Enter the SNMP get community information here.
Set Community
Enter the SNMP set community information here.
System Location
Enter the SNMP system location.
System Contact
Enter the SNMP system contact.
Trap Settings
Trap Enable
Select this to enable trap settings on this device.
Trap Manager IP
Type the IP address of the station to send your SNMP traps to.
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Table 58 Configuration > Management > Remote MGMT > SNMP (continued)
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
Trap Community
Type the trap community, which is the password sent with each trap to the SNMP
manager. The default is public and allows all requests.
Apply
Click Apply to save your changes back to the EMG1302-R10A.
Cancel
Click Ca n ce l to exit this screen without saving.
19.7 The TR069 Screen
TR-069 defines how Customer Premise Equipment (CPE), for example your ZyXEL Device, can be
managed over the WAN by an Auto Configuration Server (ACS). TR-069 is based on sending
Remote Procedure Calls (RPCs) between an ACS and a client device. RPCs are sent in Extensible
Markup Language (XML) format over HTTP or HTTPS.
An administrator can use an ACS to remotely set up the EMG1302-R10A, modify settings, perform
firmware upgrades as well as monitor and diagnose the EMG1302-R10A. You have to enable the
device to be managed by the ACS and specify the ACS IP address or domain name and username
and password.
Click Con figur a t ion > M a n a ge m e n t > Re m ot e M GM T > TR0 6 9 to display the screen as shown.
Use this screen to configure your EMG1302-R10A to be managed by an ACS.
Figure 80 Configuration > Management > Remote MGMT > TR069
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 59 Configuration > Management > Remote MGMT > TR069
142
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
Inform
Select En a ble for the EMG1302-R10A to send periodic inform via TR-069 on the WAN.
Otherwise, select D isa ble .
Inform Interval
Enter the time interval (in seconds) at which the EMG1302-R10A sends information to
the auto-configuration server.
ACS URL
Enter the URL or IP address of the auto-configuration server.
ACS Username
Enter the TR-069 user name for authentication with the auto-configuration server.
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Table 59 Configuration > Management > Remote MGMT > TR069 (continued)
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
ACS Password
Enter the TR-069 password for authentication with the auto-configuration server.
ConnectionRequest
Port
Connection Request
Username
Enter the connection request user name.
Connection Request
Password
Enter the connection request password.
Interface
Select the network interface.
Apply
Click Apply to save your changes back to the EMG1302-R10A.
Cancel
Click Ca n ce l to exit this screen without saving.
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When the ACS makes a connection request to the EMG1302-R10A, this user name is
used to authenticate the ACS.
When the ACS makes a connection request to the EMG1302-R10A, this password is
used to authenticate the ACS.
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20
Universal Plug-and-Play (UPnP)
20.1 Overview
This chapter introduces the UPnP feature in the web configurator.
Universal Plug and Play (UPnP) is a distributed, open networking standard that uses TCP/IP for
simple peer-to-peer network connectivity between devices. A UPnP device can dynamically join a
network, obtain an IP address, convey its capabilities and learn about other devices on the network.
In turn, a device can leave a network smoothly and automatically when it is no longer in use.
20.2 What You Need to Know
UPnP hardware is identified as an icon in the Network Connections folder (Windows XP). Each UPnP
compatible device installed on your network will appear as a separate icon. Selecting the icon of a
UPnP device will allow you to access the information and properties of that device.
20.2.1 NAT Traversal
UPnP NAT traversal automates the process of allowing an application to operate through NAT. UPnP
network devices can automatically configure network addressing, announce their presence in the
network to other UPnP devices and enable exchange of simple product and service descriptions.
NAT traversal allows the following:
• Dynamic port mapping
• Learning public IP addresses
• Assigning lease times to mappings
Windows Messenger is an example of an application that supports NAT traversal and UPnP.
See the NAT chapter for more information on NAT.
20.2.2 Cautions with UPnP
The automated nature of NAT traversal applications in establishing their own services and opening
firewall ports may present network security issues. Network information and configuration may also
be obtained and modified by users in some network environments.
When a UPnP device joins a network, it announces its presence with a multicast message. For
security reasons, the EMG1302-R10A allows multicast messages on the LAN only.
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All UPnP-enabled devices may communicate freely with each other without additional configuration.
Disable UPnP if this is not your intention.
20.3 UPnP Screen
Use this screen to enable UPnP on your EMG1302-R10A.
Click Con figu r a t ion > M a n a ge m e n t > UPn P to display the screen shown next.
Figure 81 Configuration > Management > UPnP
The following table describes the fields in this screen.
Table 60 Configuration > Management > UPnP
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
UPnP
Select this check box to activate UPnP. Be aware that anyone could use a UPnP application to
open the web configurator's login screen without entering the EMG1302-R10A's IP address
(although you must still enter the password to access the web configurator).
Apply
Click Apply to save the setting to the EMG1302-R10A.
Cancel
Click Ca nce l to exit this screen without saving.
20.4 Technical Reference
The sections show examples of using UPnP.
20.4.1 Using UPnP in Windows XP Example
This section shows you how to use the UPnP feature in Windows XP. You must already have UPnP
installed in Windows XP and UPnP activated on the EMG1302-R10A.
Make sure the computer is connected to a LAN port of the EMG1302-R10A. Turn on your computer
and the EMG1302-R10A.
20.4.1.1 Auto-discover Your UPnP-enabled Network Device
146
Click st a r t and Cont r ol Pa ne l. Double-click N e t w or k Con n e ct ions. An icon displays under
Internet Gateway.
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Right-click the icon and select Pr ope r t ie s.
Figure 82 Network Connections
In the I nt e r ne t Conne ct ion Pr ope r t ie s window, click Se t t ings to see the port mappings there
were automatically created.
Figure 83 Internet Connection Properties
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You may edit or delete the port mappings or click Add to manually add port mappings.
Figure 84 Internet Connection Properties: Advanced Settings
Figure 85 Internet Connection Properties: Advanced Settings: Add
Note: When the UPnP-enabled device is disconnected from your computer, all port
mappings will be deleted automatically.
Select Sh ow icon in not ifica t ion a r e a w he n conn e ct e d option and click OK. An icon displays in
the system tray.
Figure 86 System Tray Icon
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Double-click on the icon to display your current Internet connection status.
Figure 87 Internet Connection Status
20.4.2 Web Configurator Easy Access
With UPnP, you can access the web-based configurator on the EMG1302-R10A without finding out
the IP address of the EMG1302-R10A first. This comes helpful if you do not know the IP address of
the EMG1302-R10A.
Follow the steps below to access the web configurator.
Click St a r t and then Cont r ol Pa ne l.
Double-click N e t w or k Conne ct ions.
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Select M y N e t w or k Pla ce s under Ot h e r Pla ce s.
Figure 88 Network Connections
An icon with the description for each UPnP-enabled device displays under Loca l N e t w or k .
Right-click on the icon for your EMG1302-R10A and select I nvok e . The web configurator login
screen displays.
Figure 89 Network Connections: My Network Places
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Right-click on the icon for your EMG1302-R10A and select Pr ope r t ie s. A properties window
displays with basic information about the EMG1302-R10A.
Figure 90 Network Connections: My Network Places: Properties: Example
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21
Maintenance
21.1 Overview
This chapter provides information on the M a int e na nce screens.
21.2 What You Can Do
• Use the Ge n e r a l screen to set the timeout period of the management session (Section 21.3 on
page 153).
• Use the Pa ssw or d screen to change your EMG1302-R10A’s system password (Section 21.4 on
page 154).
• Use the Tim e screen to change your EMG1302-R10A’s time and date (Section 21.5 on page
156).
• Use the Fir m w a r e Upgr a de screen to upload firmware to your EMG1302-R10A (Section 21.6 on
page 157).
• Use the Ba ck u p/ Re st or e screen to view information related to factory defaults, backup
configuration, and restoring configuration (Section 21.8 on page 160).
• Use the Re st a r t screen to reboot the EMG1302-R10A without turning the power off (Section
21.8 on page 160).
21.3 General Screen
Use this screen to set the management session timeout period. Click M a int e n a n ce > Ge n e r a l.
The following screen displays.
Figure 91 Maintenance > General
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The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 61 Maintenance > General
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
System Name
System Name is a unique name to identify the EMG1302-R10A in an Ethernet network.
Domain Name
Enter the domain name you want to give to the EMG1302-R10A.
Administrator
Inactivity Timer
Type how many minutes a management session can be left idle before the session times
out. The default is 5 minutes. After it times out you have to log in with your password again.
Very long idle timeouts may have security risks. A value of "0" means a management
session never times out, no matter how long it has been left idle (not recommended).
Apply
Click Apply to save your changes back to the EMG1302-R10A.
Cancel
Click Ca n ce l to exit this screen without saving.
21.4 Account Screen
It is strongly recommended that you change your EMG1302-R10A's password.
If you forget your EMG1302-R10A's password (or IP address), you will need to reset the device.
See Section 21.8 on page 160 for details.
Click M a int e na nce > Account > Use r Accou n t . The screen appears as shown.
Figure 92 Maintenance > Account > User Account
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 62 Maintenance > Account > User Account
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
User Account Entries
This is the index number of a user account.
User Name
The EMG1302-R10A’s user account name.
Group
The belonging of the user account.
Modify
Click the Edit icon to open the Accou n t Se t u p screen. Account Setup screen allows to
change the user account password.
21.4.1 Account Setup Screen
Account Se t up screen allows you to change a user account password.
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In User Account Entries in M a int e na nce > Account > Use r Account , click Edit icon under
M odify. The screen appears as shown.
Figure 93 Maintenance > Password
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 63 Maintenance > Account > User Account > Edit
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
Username
The user account name.
Old Password
Type the default password or the existing password you use to access the system in this
field.
New Password
Type your new system password (up to 30 characters). Note that as you type a password,
the screen displays as asterisk (*) for each character you type.
Retype to
Confirm
Type the new password again in this field.
Group
Shows the group belonging of the user account (read-only).
Apply
Click Apply to save your changes back to the EMG1302-R10A.
Cancel
Click Ca n ce l to exit this screen without saving.
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21.5 Time Setting Screen
Use this screen to configure the EMG1302-R10A’s time based on your local time zone. To change
your EMG1302-R10A’s time and date, click M a int e na nce > Tim e . The screen appears as shown.
Figure 94 Maintenance > Time
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 64 Maintenance > Time
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
Current Time and Date
Current Time
This field displays the time of your EMG1302-R10A.
Each time you reload this page, the EMG1302-R10A synchronizes the time with the time
server.
Current Date
This field displays the date of your EMG1302-R10A.
Each time you reload this page, the EMG1302-R10A synchronizes the date with the time
server.
Time and Date Setup
Manual
New Time
(hh:mm:ss)
Select this radio button to enter the time and date manually. If you configure a new time
and date, Time Zone and Daylight Saving at the same time, the new time and date you
entered has priority and the Time Zone and Daylight Saving settings do not affect it.
This field displays the last updated time from the time server or the last time configured
manually.
When you select M a n u a l, enter the new time in this field and then click Apply.
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Table 64 Maintenance > Time (continued)
LABEL
New Date
(yyyy/mm/
dd)
DESCRIPTION
This field displays the last updated date from the time server or the last date configured
manually.
When you select M a n u a l, enter the new date in this field and then click Apply.
Get from Time
Server
Select this radio button to have the EMG1302-R10A get the time and date from the time
server you specified below.
User Defined
Time Server
Address
Select Use r D e fin e d Tim e Se r ve r Addr e ss and enter the IP address or URL (up to 20
extended ASCII characters in length) of your time server. Check with your ISP/network
administrator if you are unsure of this information.
Time Zone Setup
Time Zone
Choose the time zone of your location. This will set the time difference between your time
zone and Greenwich Mean Time (GMT).
Daylight
Savings
Daylight saving is a period from late spring to early fall when many countries set their clocks
ahead of normal local time by one hour to give more daytime light in the evening.
Select this option if you use Daylight Saving Time.
Start Date
Configure the day and time when Daylight Saving Time starts if you selected D a yligh t
Sa vin gs. The o’clock field uses the 24 hour format. Here are a couple of examples.
Daylight Saving Time starts in most parts of the United States on the first Sunday of April.
Each time zone in the United States starts using Daylight Saving Time at 2 A.M local time.
So in the United States you would select Fir st , Su n da y, Apr il and type 2 in the o’clock
field.
Daylight Saving Time starts in the European Union on the last Sunday of March. All of the
time zones in the European Union start using Daylight Saving Time at the same moment (1
A.m. GMT or UTC). So in the European Union you would select La st , Su nda y, M a r ch . The
time you type in the o’clock field depends on your time zone. In Germany for instance, you
would type 2 because Germany’s time zone is one hour ahead of GMT or UTC (GMT+1).
End Date
Configure the day and time when Daylight Saving Time ends if you selected D a yligh t
Sa vin gs. The o’clock field uses the 24 hour format. Here are a couple of examples.
Daylight Saving Time ends in the United States on the last Sunday of October. Each time
zone in the United States stops using Daylight Saving Time at 2 A.M. local time. So in the
United States you would select La st , Sun da y, Oct obe r and type 2 in the o’clock field.
Daylight Saving Time ends in the European Union on the last Sunday of October. All of the
time zones in the European Union stop using Daylight Saving Time at the same moment (1
A.M. GMT or UTC). So in the European Union you would select La st , Su n da y, Oct obe r. The
time you type in the o’clock field depends on your time zone. In Germany for instance, you
would type 2 because Germany’s time zone is one hour ahead of GMT or UTC (GMT + 1).
Apply
Click Apply to save your changes back to the EMG1302-R10A.
Cancel
Click Ca n ce l to exit this screen without saving.
21.6 Firmware Upgrade Screen
Find firmware at www.zyxel.com in a file that (usually) uses the system model name with a “*.bin”
extension, e.g., “EMG1302-R10A.bin”. The upload process uses HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol)
and may take up to two minutes. After a successful upload, the system will reboot.
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Click M a int e na nce > Fir m w a r e Upgr a de . Follow the instructions in this screen to upload
firmware to your EMG1302-R10A.
Figure 95 Maintenance > Firmware Upgrade
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 65 Maintenance > Firmware Upgrade
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
Firmware Upgrade
File Path
Type in the location of the file you want to upload in this field or click Br ow se ... to find it.
Browse...
Click Br ow se ... to find the .bin file you want to upload. Remember that you must
decompress compressed (.zip) files before you can upload them.
Upload
Click Uploa d to begin the upload process. This process may take up to two minutes.
Caution: Do not turn off the EMG1302-R10A while firmware upload is in progress!
After you see the Fir m w a r e Uploa d I n Pr oce ss screen, wait two minutes before logging into the
EMG1302-R10A again.
The EMG1302-R10A automatically restarts in this time causing a temporary network disconnect. In
some operating systems, you may see the following icon on your desktop.
Figure 96 Network Temporarily Disconnected
After two minutes, log in again and check your new firmware version in the St a t us screen.
If the upload was not successful, an error message appears. Click Re t ur n to go back to the
Fir m w a r e Upgr a de screen.
21.7 Configuration Backup/Restore Screen
Backup configuration allows you to back up (save) the EMG1302-R10A’s current configuration to a
file on your computer. Once your EMG1302-R10A is configured and functioning properly, it is highly
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recommended that you back up your configuration file before making configuration changes. The
backup configuration file will be useful in case you need to return to your previous settings.
Restore configuration allows you to upload a new or previously saved configuration file from your
computer to your EMG1302-R10A.
Click M a in t e n a n ce > Ba ck u p/ Re st or e . Information related to factory defaults, backup
configuration, and restoring configuration appears as shown next.
Figure 97 Maintenance > Backup/Restore
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 66 Maintenance > Backup/Restore
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
Backup Configuration
Backup
Click Ba ck u p to save the EMG1302-R10A’s current configuration to your computer.
Restore Configuration
File Path
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Click Ch oose File to browse to the location of the configuration file in your computer.
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Table 66 Maintenance > Backup/Restore (continued)
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
Upload
Click Uploa d to begin the upload process.
Note: Do not turn off the EMG1302-R10A while configuration file upload is in progress.
After you see a “configuration upload successful” screen, you must then wait one minute
before logging into the EMG1302-R10A again. The EMG1302-R10A automatically restarts in
this time causing a temporary network disconnect.
If you see an error screen, click Back to return to the Backup/Restore screen.
Reset
Pressing the Re se t button in this section clears all user-entered configuration
information and returns the EMG1302-R10A to its factory defaults.
You can also press the RESET button on the rear panel to reset the factory defaults of your
EMG1302-R10A. Refer to the chapter about introducing the Web Configurator for more
information on the RESET button.
Note: If you uploaded the default configuration file you may need to change the IP
address of your computer to be in the same subnet as that of the default EMG1302R10A IP address (192.168.1.2). See Appendix C on page 193 for details on how to
set up your computer’s IP address.
21.8 Restart Screen
System restart allows you to reboot the EMG1302-R10A without turning the power off.
Click M a int e na nce > Re st a r t to open the following screen.
Figure 98 Maintenance > Restart
Click Re st a r t to have the EMG1302-R10A reboot. This does not affect the EMG1302-R10A's
configuration.
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22
Troubleshooting
22.1 Overview
This chapter offers some suggestions to solve problems you might encounter. The potential
problems are divided into the following categories.
• Power, Hardware Connections, and LEDs
• EMG1302-R10A Access and Login
• Internet Access
• Resetting the EMG1302-R10A to Its Factory Defaults
• Wireless Router/AP Troubleshooting
22.2 Power, Hardware Connections, and LEDs
The EMG1302-R10A does not turn on. None of the LEDs turn on.
Make sure you are using the power adaptor or cord included with the EMG1302-R10A.
Make sure the power adaptor or cord is connected to the EMG1302-R10A and plugged in to an
appropriate power source. Make sure the power source is turned on.
Disconnect and re-connect the power adaptor or cord to the EMG1302-R10A.
If the problem continues, contact the vendor.
One of the LEDs does not behave as expected.
Make sure you understand the normal behavior of the LED. See Section 1.5 on page 16.
Check the hardware connections. See the Quick Start Guide.
Inspect your cables for damage. Contact the vendor to replace any damaged cables.
Disconnect and re-connect the power adaptor to the EMG1302-R10A.
If the problem continues, contact the vendor.
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22.3 EMG1302-R10A Access and Login
I don’t know the IP address of my EMG1302-R10A.
The default IP address is 1 9 2 .1 6 8 .1 .1 .
If you changed the IP address and have forgotten it, you might get the IP address of the EMG1302R10A by looking up the IP address of the default gateway for your computer. To do this in most
Windows computers, click St a r t > Run , enter cm d, and then enter ipconfig. The IP address of the
D e fa ult Ga t e w a y might be the IP address of the EMG1302-R10A (it depends on the network), so
enter this IP address in your Internet browser.Set your device to Rou t e r M ode , login (see the
Quick Start Guide for instructions) and go to the D e vice I nfor m a t ion table in the St a t us screen.
Your EMG1302-R10A’s IP address is available in the D e vice I n for m a t ion table.
• If the D H CP setting under LAN in for m a t ion is N on e , your device has a fixed IP address.
• If the D H CP setting under LAN infor m a t ion is Clie n t , then your device receives an IP
address from a DHCP server on the network.
If your EMG1302-R10A is a DHCP client, you can find your IP address from the DHCP server. This
information is only available from the DHCP server which allocates IP addresses on your network.
Find this information directly from the DHCP server or contact your system administrator for more
information.
Reset your EMG1302-R10A to change all settings back to their default. This means your current
settings are lost. See Section 22.5 on page 164 in the Tr ou ble sh oot in g for information on
resetting your EMG1302-R10A.
I forgot the username and password.
The default username is a dm in and password is 1 2 3 4 .
If this does not work, you have to reset the device to its factory defaults. See Section 22.5 on page
164.
I cannot see or access the Login screen in the Web Configurator.
Make sure you are using the correct IP address.
• The default IP address is 192.168.1.1.
• If you changed the IP address (Section 9.4 on page 95), use the new IP address.
• If you changed the IP address and have forgotten it, see the troubleshooting suggestions for I
don’t know the IP address of my EMG1302-R10A.
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Check the hardware connections, and make sure the LEDs are behaving as expected. See the Quick
Start Guide.
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Make sure your Internet browser does not block pop-up windows and has JavaScript and Java
enabled. See Appendix B on page 173.
Make sure your computer is in the same subnet as the EMG1302-R10A. (If you know that there are
routers between your computer and the EMG1302-R10A, skip this step.)
• If there is a DHCP server on your network, make sure your computer is using a dynamic IP
address. See Section 9.4 on page 95.
• If there is no DHCP server on your network, make sure your computer’s IP address is in the
same subnet as the EMG1302-R10A. See Section 9.4 on page 95.
Reset the device to its factory defaults, and try to access the EMG1302-R10A with the default IP
address. See Section 2.4 on page 21.
If the problem continues, contact the network administrator or vendor, or try one of the advanced
suggestions.
Adva n ce d Sugge st ions
• Try to access the EMG1302-R10A using another service, such as Telnet. If you can access the
EMG1302-R10A, check the remote management settings and firewall rules to find out why the
EMG1302-R10A does not respond to HTTP.
• If your computer is connected to the W AN port or is connected wirelessly, use a computer that is
connected to a LAN /ETH ERN ET port.
I can see the Login screen, but I cannot log in to the EMG1302-R10A.
Make sure you have entered the password correctly. The default password is 1 2 3 4 . This field is
case-sensitive, so make sure [Caps Lock] is not on.
You cannot log in to the Web Configurator while someone is using Telnet to access the EMG1302R10A. Log out of the EMG1302-R10A in the other session, or ask the person who is logged in to log
out.
This can happen when you fail to log out properly from your last session. Try logging in again after
5 minutes.
Disconnect and re-connect the power adaptor or cord to the EMG1302-R10A.
If this does not work, you have to reset the device to its factory defaults. See Section 22.5 on page
164.
22.4 Internet Access
I cannot access the Internet.
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Check the hardware connections, and make sure the LEDs are behaving as expected. See the Quick
Start Guide.
If you are trying to access the Internet wirelessly, make sure the wireless settings in the wireless
client are the same as the settings in the AP.
Disconnect all the cables from your device, and follow the directions in the Quick Start Guide again.
Go to M a int e na nce > Sys OP M ode . Check your Configur a t ion M ode setting.
• Select Rou t e r M ode if your device routes traffic between a local network and another network
such as the Internet.
• Select Acce ss Point if your device bridges traffic between clients on the same network.
If the problem continues, contact your ISP.
I cannot access the Internet anymore. I had access to the Internet (with the EMG1302R10A), but my Internet connection is not available anymore.
Check the hardware connections, and make sure the LEDs are behaving as expected. See the Quick
Start Guide and Section 1.5 on page 16.
Reboot the EMG1302-R10A.
If the problem continues, contact your ISP.
The Internet connection is slow or intermittent.
There might be a lot of traffic on the network. Look at the LEDs, and check Section 1.5 on page 16.
If the EMG1302-R10A is sending or receiving a lot of information, try closing some programs that
use the Internet, especially peer-to-peer applications.
Check the signal strength. If the signal strength is low, try moving the EMG1302-R10A closer to the
AP if possible, and look around to see if there are any devices that might be interfering with the
wireless network (for example, microwaves, other wireless networks, and so on).
Reboot the EMG1302-R10A.
If the problem continues, contact the network administrator or vendor, or try one of the advanced
suggestions.
22.5 Resetting the EMG1302-R10A to Its Factory Defaults
If you reset the EMG1302-R10A, you lose all of the changes you have made. The EMG1302-R10A
re-loads its default settings, and the password resets to 1 2 3 4 . You have to make all of your
changes again.
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You will lose all of your changes when you push the RESET button.
To reset the EMG1302-R10A:
Make sure the power LED is on.
Press the RESET button for longer than 1 second to restart/reboot the EMG1302-R10A.
Press the RESET button for longer than five seconds to set the EMG1302-R10A back to its factorydefault configurations.
If the EMG1302-R10A restarts automatically, wait for the EMG1302-R10A to finish restarting, and
log in to the Web Configurator. The password is 1 2 3 4 .
If the EMG1302-R10A does not restart automatically, disconnect and reconnect the EMG1302R10A’s power. Then, follow the directions above again.
22.6 Wireless Router/AP Troubleshooting
I cannot access the EMG1302-R10A or ping any computer from the WLAN (wireless AP or
router).
Make sure the wireless LAN is enabled on the EMG1302-R10A.
Make sure the wireless adapter on the wireless station is working properly.
Make sure the wireless adapter installed on your computer is IEEE 802.11 compatible and supports
the same wireless standard as the EMG1302-R10A.
Make sure your computer (with a wireless adapter installed) is within the transmission range of the
EMG1302-R10A.
Check that both the EMG1302-R10A and your wireless station are using the same wireless and
wireless security settings.
Make sure traffic between the WLAN and the LAN is not blocked by the firewall on the EMG1302R10A.
Make sure you allow the EMG1302-R10A to be remotely accessed through the WLAN interface.
Check your remote management settings.
• See the chapter on Wireless LAN in the User’s Guide for more information.
I set up URL keyword blocking, but I can still access a website that should be blocked.
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Make sure that you select the Ena ble URL Ke yw or d Block in g check box in the Con t e n t Filt e r in g
screen. Make sure that the keywords that you type are listed in the Ke yw or d List .
I can access the Internet, but I cannot open my network folders.
Make sure your account has access rights to the folder you are trying to open.
I cannot access the Web Configurator after I switched to AP mode.
When you change from router mode to AP mode, your computer must have an IP address in the
range between “192.168.1.3” and “192.168.1.254”.
Refer to Appendix C on page 193 for instructions on how to change your computer’s IP address.
What factors may cause intermittent or unstabled wireless connection? How can I solve this
problem?
The following factors may cause interference:
• Obstacles: walls, ceilings, furniture, and so on.
• Building Materials: metal doors, aluminum studs.
• Electrical devices: microwaves, monitors, electric motors, cordless phones, and other wireless
devices.
To optimize the speed and quality of your wireless connection, you can:
• Move your wireless device closer to the AP if the signal strength is low.
• Reduce wireless interference that may be caused by other wireless networks or surrounding
wireless electronics such as cordless phones.
• Place the AP where there are minimum obstacles (such as walls and ceilings) between the AP and
the wireless client.
• Reduce the number of wireless clients connecting to the same AP simultaneously, or add
additional APs if necessary.
• Try closing some programs that use the Internet, especially peer-to-peer applications. If the
wireless client is sending or receiving a lot of information, it may have too many programs open
that use the Internet.
• Position the antenna for best reception. If the AP is placed on a table or floor, point the antenna
upwards. If the AP is placed at a high position, point the antenna downwards. Try pointing the
antenna in different directions and check which provides the strongest signal to the wireless
clients.
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A PPENDIX
Customer Support
In the event of problems that cannot be solved by using this manual, you should contact your
vendor. If you cannot contact your vendor, then contact a ZyXEL office for the region in which you
bought the device. Regional websites are listed below (see also http://www.zyxel.com/
about_zyxel/zyxel_worldwide.shtml). Please have the following information ready when you
contact an office.
Required Information
• Product model and serial number.
• Warranty Information.
• Date that you received your device.
• Brief description of the problem and the steps you took to solve it.
Corporate Headquarters (Worldwide)
Taiwan
• ZyXEL Communications Corporation
• http://www.zyxel.com
Asia
China
• ZyXEL Communications (Shanghai) Corp.
ZyXEL Communications (Beijing) Corp.
ZyXEL Communications (Tianjin) Corp.
• http://www.zyxel.cn
India
• ZyXEL Technology India Pvt Ltd
• http://www.zyxel.in
Kazakhstan
• ZyXEL Kazakhstan
• http://www.zyxel.kz
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Appendix A Customer Support
Korea
• ZyXEL Korea Corp.
• http://www.zyxel.kr
Malaysia
• ZyXEL Malaysia Sdn Bhd.
• http://www.zyxel.com.my
Pakistan
• ZyXEL Pakistan (Pvt.) Ltd.
• http://www.zyxel.com.pk
Philipines
• ZyXEL Philippines
• http://www.zyxel.com.ph
Singapore
• ZyXEL Singapore Pte Ltd.
• http://www.zyxel.com.sg
Taiwan
• ZyXEL Communications Corporation
• http://www.zyxel.com
Thailand
• ZyXEL Thailand Co., Ltd
• http://www.zyxel.co.th
Vietnam
• ZyXEL Communications Corporation-Vietnam Office
• http://www.zyxel.com/vn/vi
Europe
Austria
• ZyXEL Deutschland GmbH
• http://www.zyxel.de
Belarus
• ZyXEL BY
• http://www.zyxel.by
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Belgium
• ZyXEL Communications B.V.
• http://www.zyxel.com/be/nl/
Bulgaria
• ZyXEL България
• http://www.zyxel.com/bg/bg/
Czech
• ZyXEL Communications Czech s.r.o
• http://www.zyxel.cz
Denmark
• ZyXEL Communications A/S
• http://www.zyxel.dk
Estonia
• ZyXEL Estonia
• http://www.zyxel.com/ee/et/
Finland
• ZyXEL Communications
• http://www.zyxel.fi
France
• ZyXEL France
• http://www.zyxel.fr
Germany
• ZyXEL Deutschland GmbH
• http://www.zyxel.de
Hungary
• ZyXEL Hungary & SEE
• http://www.zyxel.hu
Latvia
• ZyXEL Latvia
• http://www.zyxel.com/lv/lv/homepage.shtml
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Appendix A Customer Support
Lithuania
• ZyXEL Lithuania
• http://www.zyxel.com/lt/lt/homepage.shtml
Netherlands
• ZyXEL Benelux
• http://www.zyxel.nl
Norway
• ZyXEL Communications
• http://www.zyxel.no
Poland
• ZyXEL Communications Poland
• http://www.zyxel.pl
Romania
• ZyXEL Romania
• http://www.zyxel.com/ro/ro
Russia
• ZyXEL Russia
• http://www.zyxel.ru
Slovakia
• ZyXEL Communications Czech s.r.o. organizacna zlozka
• http://www.zyxel.sk
Spain
• ZyXEL Spain
• http://www.zyxel.es
Sweden
• ZyXEL Communications
• http://www.zyxel.se
Switzerland
• Studerus AG
• http://www.zyxel.ch/
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Turkey
• ZyXEL Turkey A.S.
• http://www.zyxel.com.tr
UK
• ZyXEL Communications UK Ltd.
• http://www.zyxel.co.uk
Ukraine
• ZyXEL Ukraine
• http://www.ua.zyxel.com
Latin America
Argentina
• ZyXEL Communication Corporation
• http://www.zyxel.com/ec/es/
Ecuador
• ZyXEL Communication Corporation
• http://www.zyxel.com/ec/es/
Middle East
Egypt
• ZyXEL Communication Corporation
• http://www.zyxel.com/homepage.shtml
Middle East
• ZyXEL Communication Corporation
• http://www.zyxel.com/homepage.shtml
North America
USA
• ZyXEL Communications, Inc. - North America Headquarters
• http://www.us.zyxel.com/
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Appendix A Customer Support
Oceania
Australia
• ZyXEL Communications Corporation
• http://www.zyxel.com/au/en/
Africa
South Africa
• Nology (Pty) Ltd.
• http://www.zyxel.co.za
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A PPENDIX
Pop-up Windows, JavaScript and Java
Permissions
In order to use the web configurator you need to allow:
• Web browser pop-up windows from your device.
• JavaScript (enabled by default).
• Java permissions (enabled by default).
Note: The screens used below belong to Internet Explorer version 6, 7 and 8. Screens for
other Internet Explorer versions may vary.
Internet Explorer Pop-up Blockers
You may have to disable pop-up blocking to log into your device.
Either disable pop-up blocking (enabled by default in Windows XP SP (Service Pack) 2) or allow
pop-up blocking and create an exception for your device’s IP address.
Disable Pop-up Blockers
In Internet Explorer, select Tools, Pop- u p Block e r and then select Tur n Off Pop- up Block e r.
Figure 99 Pop-up Blocker
You can also check if pop-up blocking is disabled in the Pop- u p Block e r section in the Pr iva cy tab.
In Internet Explorer, select Tools, I nt e r ne t Opt ions, Pr iva cy.
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Appendix B Pop-up Windows, JavaScript and Java Permissions
Clear the Block pop- ups check box in the Pop- u p Block e r section of the screen. This disables any
web pop-up blockers you may have enabled.
Figure 100 Internet Options: Privacy
Click Apply to save this setting.
Enable Pop-up Blockers with Exceptions
Alternatively, if you only want to allow pop-up windows from your device, see the following steps.
174
In Internet Explorer, select Tools, I nt e r ne t Opt ions and then the Pr iva cy tab.
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Appendix B Pop-up Windows, JavaScript and Java Permissions
Select Se t t ings…to open the Pop- up Block e r Se t t ings screen.
Figure 101 Internet Options: Privacy
Type the IP address of your device (the web page that you do not want to have blocked) with the
prefix “http://”. For example, http://192.168.167.1.
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Appendix B Pop-up Windows, JavaScript and Java Permissions
Click Add to move the IP address to the list of Allow e d sit e s.
Figure 102 Pop-up Blocker Settings
Click Close to return to the Pr iva cy screen.
Click Apply to save this setting.
JavaScript
If pages of the web configurator do not display properly in Internet Explorer, check that JavaScript
are allowed.
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Appendix B Pop-up Windows, JavaScript and Java Permissions
In Internet Explorer, click Tools, I n t e r ne t Opt ion s and then the Se cur it y tab.
Figure 103 Internet Options: Security
Click the Cu st om Le ve l... button.
Scroll down to Scr ipt ing.
Under Act ive scr ipt ing make sure that Ena ble is selected (the default).
Under Scr ipt ing of Ja va a pple t s make sure that Ena ble is selected (the default).
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Appendix B Pop-up Windows, JavaScript and Java Permissions
Click OK to close the window.
Figure 104 Security Settings - Java Scripting
Java Permissions
178
From Internet Explorer, click Tools, I nt e r ne t Opt ions and then the Se cu r it y tab.
Click the Cu st om Le ve l... button.
Scroll down to M icr osoft VM .
Under Ja va pe r m issions make sure that a safety level is selected.
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Appendix B Pop-up Windows, JavaScript and Java Permissions
Click OK to close the window.
Figure 105 Security Settings - Java
JAVA (Sun)
From Internet Explorer, click Tools, I nt e r ne t Opt ions and then the Adva n ce d tab.
Make sure that Use Ja va 2 for < a pple t > under Ja va ( Sun) is selected.
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Click OK to close the window.
Figure 106 Java (Sun)
Mozilla Firefox
Mozilla Firefox 2.0 screens are used here. Screens for other versions may vary slightly. The steps
below apply to Mozilla Firefox 3.0 as well.
You can enable Java, Javascript and pop-ups in one screen. Click Tools, then click Opt ions in the
screen that appears.
Figure 107 Mozilla Firefox: TOOLS > Options
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Appendix B Pop-up Windows, JavaScript and Java Permissions
Click Cont e n t to show the screen below. Select the check boxes as shown in the following screen.
Figure 108 Mozilla Firefox Content Security
Opera
Opera 10 screens are used here. Screens for other versions may vary slightly.
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Allowing Pop-Ups
From Opera, click Tools, then Pr e fe r e nce s. In the Ge n e r a l tab, go to Ch oose h ow you pr e fe r
t o h a n dle pop- ups and select Ope n a ll pop- ups.
Figure 109 Opera: Allowing Pop-Ups
Enabling Java
From Opera, click Tools, then Pr e fe r e nce s. In the Adva nce d tab, select Cont e nt from the leftside menu. Select the check boxes as shown in the following screen.
Figure 110 Opera: Enabling Java
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Appendix B Pop-up Windows, JavaScript and Java Permissions
To customize JavaScript behavior in the Opera browser, click Ja va Scr ipt Opt ions.
Figure 111 Opera: JavaScript Options
Select the items you want Opera’s JavaScript to apply.
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A PPENDIX
Wireless LANs
Wireless LAN Topologies
This section discusses ad-hoc and infrastructure wireless LAN topologies.
Ad-hoc Wireless LAN Configuration
The simplest WLAN configuration is an independent (Ad-hoc) WLAN that connects a set of
computers with wireless adapters (A, B, C). Any time two or more wireless adapters are within
range of each other, they can set up an independent network, which is commonly referred to as an
ad-hoc network or Independent Basic Service Set (IBSS). The following diagram shows an example
of notebook computers using wireless adapters to form an ad-hoc wireless LAN.
Figure 112 Peer-to-Peer Communication in an Ad-hoc Network
BSS
A Basic Service Set (BSS) exists when all communications between wireless clients or between a
wireless client and a wired network client go through one access point (AP).
Intra-BSS traffic is traffic between wireless clients in the BSS. When Intra-BSS is enabled, wireless
client A and B can access the wired network and communicate with each other. When Intra-BSS is
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Appendix C Wireless LANs
disabled, wireless client A and B can still access the wired network but cannot communicate with
each other.
Figure 113 Basic Service Set
ESS
An Extended Service Set (ESS) consists of a series of overlapping BSSs, each containing an access
point, with each access point connected together by a wired network. This wired connection
between APs is called a Distribution System (DS).
This type of wireless LAN topology is called an Infrastructure WLAN. The Access Points not only
provide communication with the wired network but also mediate wireless network traffic in the
immediate neighborhood.
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An ESSID (ESS IDentification) uniquely identifies each ESS. All access points and their associated
wireless clients within the same ESS must have the same ESSID in order to communicate.
Figure 114 Infrastructure WLAN
Channel
A channel is the radio frequency(ies) used by wireless devices to transmit and receive data.
Channels available depend on your geographical area. You may have a choice of channels (for your
region) so you should use a channel different from an adjacent AP (access point) to reduce
interference. Interference occurs when radio signals from different access points overlap causing
interference and degrading performance.
Adjacent channels partially overlap however. To avoid interference due to overlap, your AP should
be on a channel at least five channels away from a channel that an adjacent AP is using. For
example, if your region has 11 channels and an adjacent AP is using channel 1, then you need to
select a channel between 6 or 11.
RTS/CTS
A hidden node occurs when two stations are within range of the same access point, but are not
within range of each other. The following figure illustrates a hidden node. Both stations (STA) are
within range of the access point (AP) or wireless gateway, but out-of-range of each other, so they
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Appendix C Wireless LANs
cannot "hear" each other, that is they do not know if the channel is currently being used. Therefore,
they are considered hidden from each other.
Figure 115
RTS/CTS
When station A sends data to the AP, it might not know that the station B is already using the
channel. If these two stations send data at the same time, collisions may occur when both sets of
data arrive at the AP at the same time, resulting in a loss of messages for both stations.
RTS/ CTS is designed to prevent collisions due to hidden nodes. An RTS/ CTS defines the biggest
size data frame you can send before an RTS (Request To Send)/CTS (Clear to Send) handshake is
invoked.
When a data frame exceeds the RTS/ CTS value you set (between 0 to 2432 bytes), the station
that wants to transmit this frame must first send an RTS (Request To Send) message to the AP for
permission to send it. The AP then responds with a CTS (Clear to Send) message to all other
stations within its range to notify them to defer their transmission. It also reserves and confirms
with the requesting station the time frame for the requested transmission.
Stations can send frames smaller than the specified RTS/ CTS directly to the AP without the RTS
(Request To Send)/CTS (Clear to Send) handshake.
You should only configure RTS/ CTS if the possibility of hidden nodes exists on your network and
the "cost" of resending large frames is more than the extra network overhead involved in the RTS
(Request To Send)/CTS (Clear to Send) handshake.
If the RTS/ CTS value is greater than the Fr a gm e nt a t ion Thr e sh old value (see next), then the
RTS (Request To Send)/CTS (Clear to Send) handshake will never occur as data frames will be
fragmented before they reach RTS/ CTS size.
Note: Enabling the RTS Threshold causes redundant network overhead that could
negatively affect the throughput performance instead of providing a remedy.
Fragmentation Threshold
A Fr a gm e nt a t ion Thr e sh old is the maximum data fragment size (between 256 and 2432 bytes)
that can be sent in the wireless network before the AP will fragment the packet into smaller data
frames.
A large Fr a gm e n t a t ion Th r e sh old is recommended for networks not prone to interference while
you should set a smaller threshold for busy networks or networks that are prone to interference.
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If the Fr a gm e nt a t ion Thr e shold value is smaller than the RTS/ CTS value (see previously) you
set then the RTS (Request To Send)/CTS (Clear to Send) handshake will never occur as data frames
will be fragmented before they reach RTS/ CTS size.
Preamble Type
Preamble is used to signal that data is coming to the receiver. Short and long refer to the length of
the synchronization field in a packet.
Short preamble increases performance as less time sending preamble means more time for sending
data. All IEEE 802.11 compliant wireless adapters support long preamble, but not all support short
preamble.
Use long preamble if you are unsure what preamble mode other wireless devices on the network
support, and to provide more reliable communications in busy wireless networks.
Use short preamble if you are sure all wireless devices on the network support it, and to provide
more efficient communications.
Use the dynamic setting to automatically use short preamble when all wireless devices on the
network support it, otherwise the EMG1302-R10A uses long preamble.
Note: The wireless devices MUST use the same preamble mode in order to communicate.
IEEE 802.11g Wireless LAN
IEEE 802.11g is fully compatible with the IEEE 802.11b standard. This means an IEEE 802.11b
adapter can interface directly with an IEEE 802.11g access point (and vice versa) at 11 Mbps or
lower depending on range. IEEE 802.11g has several intermediate rate steps between the
maximum and minimum data rates. The IEEE 802.11g data rate and modulation are as follows:
Table 67 IEEE 802.11g
DATA RATE (MBPS)
MODULATION
DBPSK (Differential Binary Phase Shift Keyed)
DQPSK (Differential Quadrature Phase Shift Keying)
5.5 / 11
CCK (Complementary Code Keying)
6/9/12/18/24/36/48/
54
OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing)
Wireless Security Overview
Wireless security is vital to your network to protect wireless communication between wireless
clients, access points and the wired network.
Wireless security methods available on the EMG1302-R10A are data encryption, wireless client
authentication, restricting access by device MAC address and hiding the EMG1302-R10A identity.
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Appendix C Wireless LANs
The following figure shows the relative effectiveness of these wireless security methods available on
your EMG1302-R10A.
Table 68 Wireless Security Levels
SECURITY
LEVEL
Least
Secure
SECURITY TYPE
Unique SSID (Default)
Unique SSID with Hide SSID Enabled
MAC Address Filtering
WEP Encryption
IEEE EAP with RADIUS Server Authentication
Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA)
WPA2
Most Secure
Note: You must enable the same wireless security settings on the EMG1302-R10A and on
all wireless clients that you want to associate with it.
IEEE
In June 2001, the IEEE standard was designed to extend the features of IEEE 802.11 to support
extended authentication as well as providing additional accounting and control features. It is
supported by Windows XP and a number of network devices. Some advantages of IEEE are:
• User based identification that allows for roaming.
• Support for RADIUS (Remote Authentication Dial In User Service, RFC 2138, 2139) for
centralized user profile and accounting management on a network RADIUS server.
• Support for EAP (Extensible Authentication Protocol, RFC 2486) that allows additional
authentication methods to be deployed with no changes to the access point or the wireless
clients.
RADIUS
RADIUS is based on a client-server model that supports authentication, authorization and
accounting. The access point is the client and the server is the RADIUS server. The RADIUS server
handles the following tasks:
• Authentication
Determines the identity of the users.
• Authorization
Determines the network services available to authenticated users once they are connected to the
network.
• Accounting
Keeps track of the client’s network activity.
RADIUS is a simple package exchange in which your AP acts as a message relay between the
wireless client and the network RADIUS server.
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Appendix C Wireless LANs
Types of RADIUS Messages
The following types of RADIUS messages are exchanged between the access point and the RADIUS
server for user authentication:
• Access-Request
Sent by an access point requesting authentication.
• Access-Reject
Sent by a RADIUS server rejecting access.
• Access-Accept
Sent by a RADIUS server allowing access.
• Access-Challenge
Sent by a RADIUS server requesting more information in order to allow access. The access point
sends a proper response from the user and then sends another Access-Request message.
The following types of RADIUS messages are exchanged between the access point and the RADIUS
server for user accounting:
• Accounting-Request
Sent by the access point requesting accounting.
• Accounting-Response
Sent by the RADIUS server to indicate that it has started or stopped accounting.
In order to ensure network security, the access point and the RADIUS server use a shared secret
key, which is a password, they both know. The key is not sent over the network. In addition to the
shared key, password information exchanged is also encrypted to protect the network from
unauthorized access.
Types of EAP Authentication
This section discusses some popular authentication types: EAP-MD5, EAP-TLS, EAP-TTLS, PEAP and
LEAP. Your wireless LAN device may not support all authentication types.
EAP (Extensible Authentication Protocol) is an authentication protocol that runs on top of the IEEE
transport mechanism in order to support multiple types of user authentication. By using EAP to
interact with an EAP-compatible RADIUS server, an access point helps a wireless station and a
RADIUS server perform authentication.
The type of authentication you use depends on the RADIUS server and an intermediary AP(s) that
supports IEEE.
For EAP-TLS authentication type, you must first have a wired connection to the network and obtain
the certificate(s) from a certificate authority (CA). A certificate (also called digital IDs) can be used
to authenticate users and a CA issues certificates and guarantees the identity of each certificate
owner.
EAP-MD5 (Message-Digest Algorithm 5)
MD5 authentication is the simplest one-way authentication method. The authentication server
sends a challenge to the wireless client. The wireless client ‘proves’ that it knows the password by
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191
Appendix C Wireless LANs
encrypting the password with the challenge and sends back the information. Password is not sent in
plain text.
However, MD5 authentication has some weaknesses. Since the authentication server needs to get
the plaintext passwords, the passwords must be stored. Thus someone other than the
authentication server may access the password file. In addition, it is possible to impersonate an
authentication server as MD5 authentication method does not perform mutual authentication.
Finally, MD5 authentication method does not support data encryption with dynamic session key. You
must configure WEP encryption keys for data encryption.
EAP-TLS (Transport Layer Security)
With EAP-TLS, digital certifications are needed by both the server and the wireless clients for
mutual authentication. The server presents a certificate to the client. After validating the identity of
the server, the client sends a different certificate to the server. The exchange of certificates is done
in the open before a secured tunnel is created. This makes user identity vulnerable to passive
attacks. A digital certificate is an electronic ID card that authenticates the sender’s identity.
However, to implement EAP-TLS, you need a Certificate Authority (CA) to handle certificates, which
imposes a management overhead.
EAP-TTLS (Tunneled Transport Layer Service)
EAP-TTLS is an extension of the EAP-TLS authentication that uses certificates for only the serverside authentications to establish a secure connection. Client authentication is then done by sending
username and password through the secure connection, thus client identity is protected. For client
authentication, EAP-TTLS supports EAP methods and legacy authentication methods such as PAP,
CHAP, MS-CHAP and MS-CHAP v2.
PEAP (Protected EAP)
Like EAP-TTLS, server-side certificate authentication is used to establish a secure connection, then
use simple username and password methods through the secured connection to authenticate the
clients, thus hiding client identity. However, PEAP only supports EAP methods, such as EAP-MD5,
EAP-MSCHAPv2 and EAP-GTC (EAP-Generic Token Card), for client authentication. EAP-GTC is
implemented only by Cisco.
LEAP
LEAP (Lightweight Extensible Authentication Protocol) is a Cisco implementation of IEEE.
Dynamic WEP Key Exchange
The AP maps a unique key that is generated with the RADIUS server. This key expires when the
wireless connection times out, disconnects or reauthentication times out. A new WEP key is
generated each time reauthentication is performed.
If this feature is enabled, it is not necessary to configure a default encryption key in the wireless
security configuration screen. You may still configure and store keys, but they will not be used while
dynamic WEP is enabled.
Note: EAP-MD5 cannot be used with Dynamic WEP Key Exchange
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Appendix C Wireless LANs
For added security, certificate-based authentications (EAP-TLS, EAP-TTLS and PEAP) use dynamic
keys for data encryption. They are often deployed in corporate environments, but for public
deployment, a simple user name and password pair is more practical. The following table is a
comparison of the features of authentication types.
Table 69 Comparison of EAP Authentication Types
EAP-MD5
EAP-TLS
EAP-TTLS
PEAP
LEAP
Mutual Authentication
No
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Certificate – Client
No
Yes
Optional
Optional
No
Certificate – Server
No
Yes
Yes
Yes
No
Dynamic Key Exchange
No
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Credential Integrity
None
Strong
Strong
Strong
Moderate
Deployment Difficulty
Easy
Hard
Moderate
Moderate
Moderate
Client Identity Protection
No
No
Yes
Yes
No
WPA and WPA2
Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA) is a subset of the IEEE 802.11i standard. WPA2 (IEEE 802.11i) is a
wireless security standard that defines stronger encryption, authentication and key management
than WPA.
Key differences between WPA or WPA2 and WEP are improved data encryption and user
authentication.
If both an AP and the wireless clients support WPA2 and you have an external RADIUS server, use
WPA2 for stronger data encryption. If you don't have an external RADIUS server, you should use
WPA2-PSK (WPA2-Pre-Shared Key) that only requires a single (identical) password entered into
each access point, wireless gateway and wireless client. As long as the passwords match, a wireless
client will be granted access to a WLAN.
If the AP or the wireless clients do not support WPA2, just use WPA or WPA-PSK depending on
whether you have an external RADIUS server or not.
Select WEP only when the AP and/or wireless clients do not support WPA or WPA2. WEP is less
secure than WPA or WPA2.
Encryption
WPA improves data encryption by using Temporal Key Integrity Protocol (TKIP), Message Integrity
Check (MIC) and IEEE. WPA2 also uses TKIP when required for compatibility reasons, but offers
stronger encryption than TKIP with Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) in the Counter mode with
Cipher block chaining Message authentication code Protocol (CCMP).
TKIP uses 128-bit keys that are dynamically generated and distributed by the authentication server.
AES (Advanced Encryption Standard) is a block cipher that uses a 256-bit mathematical algorithm
called Rijndael. They both include a per-packet key mixing function, a Message Integrity Check
(MIC) named Michael, an extended initialization vector (IV) with sequencing rules, and a re-keying
mechanism.
WPA and WPA2 regularly change and rotate the encryption keys so that the same encryption key is
never used twice.
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Appendix C Wireless LANs
The RADIUS server distributes a Pairwise Master Key (PMK) key to the AP that then sets up a key
hierarchy and management system, using the PMK to dynamically generate unique data encryption
keys to encrypt every data packet that is wirelessly communicated between the AP and the wireless
clients. This all happens in the background automatically.
The Message Integrity Check (MIC) is designed to prevent an attacker from capturing data packets,
altering them and resending them. The MIC provides a strong mathematical function in which the
receiver and the transmitter each compute and then compare the MIC. If they do not match, it is
assumed that the data has been tampered with and the packet is dropped.
By generating unique data encryption keys for every data packet and by creating an integrity
checking mechanism (MIC), with TKIP and AES it is more difficult to decrypt data on a Wi-Fi
network than WEP and difficult for an intruder to break into the network.
The encryption mechanisms used for WPA(2) and WPA(2)-PSK are the same. The only difference
between the two is that WPA(2)-PSK uses a simple common password, instead of user-specific
credentials. The common-password approach makes WPA(2)-PSK susceptible to brute-force
password-guessing attacks but it’s still an improvement over WEP as it employs a consistent,
single, alphanumeric password to derive a PMK which is used to generate unique temporal
encryption keys. This prevent all wireless devices sharing the same encryption keys. (a weakness of
WEP)
User Authentication
WPA and WPA2 apply IEEE and Extensible Authentication Protocol (EAP) to authenticate wireless
clients using an external RADIUS database. WPA2 reduces the number of key exchange messages
from six to four (CCMP 4-way handshake) and shortens the time required to connect to a network.
Other WPA2 authentication features that are different from WPA include key caching and preauthentication. These two features are optional and may not be supported in all wireless devices.
Key caching allows a wireless client to store the PMK it derived through a successful authentication
with an AP. The wireless client uses the PMK when it tries to connect to the same AP and does not
need to go with the authentication process again.
Pre-authentication enables fast roaming by allowing the wireless client (already connecting to an
AP) to perform IEEE authentication with another AP before connecting to it.
Wireless Client WPA Supplicants
A wireless client supplicant is the software that runs on an operating system instructing the wireless
client how to use WPA. At the time of writing, the most widely available supplicant is the WPA patch
for Windows XP, Funk Software's Odyssey client.
The Windows XP patch is a free download that adds WPA capability to Windows XP's built-in "Zero
Configuration" wireless client. However, you must run Windows XP to use it.
WPA(2) with RADIUS Application Example
To set up WPA(2), you need the IP address of the RADIUS server, its port number (default is 1812),
and the RADIUS shared secret. A WPA(2) application example with an external RADIUS server
looks as follows. "A" is the RADIUS server. "DS" is the distribution system.
194
The AP passes the wireless client's authentication request to the RADIUS server.
EMG1302-R10A User’s Guide
Appendix C Wireless LANs
The RADIUS server then checks the user's identification against its database and grants or denies
network access accordingly.
A 256-bit Pairwise Master Key (PMK) is derived from the authentication process by the RADIUS
server and the client.
The RADIUS server distributes the PMK to the AP. The AP then sets up a key hierarchy and
management system, using the PMK to dynamically generate unique data encryption keys. The
keys are used to encrypt every data packet that is wirelessly communicated between the AP and
the wireless clients.
Figure 116 WPA(2) with RADIUS Application Example
WPA(2)-PSK Application Example
A WPA(2)-PSK application looks as follows.
First enter identical passwords into the AP and all wireless clients. The Pre-Shared Key (PSK) must
consist of between 8 and 63 ASCII characters or 64 hexadecimal characters (including spaces and
symbols).
The AP checks each wireless client's password and allows it to join the network only if the password
matches.
The AP and wireless clients generate a common PMK (Pairwise Master Key). The key itself is not
sent over the network, but is derived from the PSK and the SSID.
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Appendix C Wireless LANs
The AP and wireless clients use the TKIP or AES encryption process, the PMK and information
exchanged in a handshake to create temporal encryption keys. They use these keys to encrypt data
exchanged between them.
Figure 117 WPA(2)-PSK Authentication
Security Parameters Summary
Refer to this table to see what other security parameters you should configure for each
authentication method or key management protocol type. MAC address filters are not dependent on
how you configure these security features.
Table 70 Wireless Security Relational Matrix
AUTHENTICATION
ENCRYPTIO
METHOD/ KEY
MANAGEMENT PROTOCOL N METHOD
ENTER
MANUAL KEY
IEEE
Open
No
Disable
None
Enable without Dynamic WEP Key
Open
Shared
196
WEP
WEP
No
Enable with Dynamic WEP Key
Yes
Enable without Dynamic WEP Key
Yes
Disable
No
Enable with Dynamic WEP Key
Yes
Enable without Dynamic WEP Key
Yes
Disable
WPA
TKIP/AES
No
Enable
WPA-PSK
TKIP/AES
Yes
Disable
WPA2
TKIP/AES
No
Enable
WPA2-PSK
TKIP/AES
Yes
Disable
EMG1302-R10A User’s Guide
Appendix C Wireless LANs
Antenna Overview
An antenna couples RF signals onto air. A transmitter within a wireless device sends an RF signal to
the antenna, which propagates the signal through the air. The antenna also operates in reverse by
capturing RF signals from the air.
Positioning the antennas properly increases the range and coverage area of a wireless LAN.
Antenna Characteristics
Frequency
An antenna in the frequency of 2.4GHz (IEEE 802.11b and IEEE 802.11g) or 5GHz (IEEE 802.11a)
is needed to communicate efficiently in a wireless LAN
Radiation Pattern
A radiation pattern is a diagram that allows you to visualize the shape of the antenna’s coverage
area.
Antenna Gain
Antenna gain, measured in dB (decibel), is the increase in coverage within the RF beam width.
Higher antenna gain improves the range of the signal for better communications.
For an indoor site, each 1 dB increase in antenna gain results in a range increase of approximately
2.5%. For an unobstructed outdoor site, each 1dB increase in gain results in a range increase of
approximately 5%. Actual results may vary depending on the network environment.
Antenna gain is sometimes specified in dBi, which is how much the antenna increases the signal
power compared to using an isotropic antenna. An isotropic antenna is a theoretical perfect antenna
that sends out radio signals equally well in all directions. dBi represents the true gain that the
antenna provides.
Types of Antennas for WLAN
There are two types of antennas used for wireless LAN applications.
• Omni-directional antennas send the RF signal out in all directions on a horizontal plane. The
coverage area is torus-shaped (like a donut) which makes these antennas ideal for a room
environment. With a wide coverage area, it is possible to make circular overlapping coverage
areas with multiple access points.
• Directional antennas concentrate the RF signal in a beam, like a flashlight does with the light
from its bulb. The angle of the beam determines the width of the coverage pattern. Angles
typically range from 20 degrees (very directional) to 120 degrees (less directional). Directional
antennas are ideal for hallways and outdoor point-to-point applications.
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Appendix C Wireless LANs
Positioning Antennas
In general, antennas should be mounted as high as practically possible and free of obstructions. In
point-to–point application, position both antennas at the same height and in a direct line of sight to
each other to attain the best performance.
For omni-directional antennas mounted on a table, desk, and so on, point the antenna up. For
omni-directional antennas mounted on a wall or ceiling, point the antenna down. For a single AP
application, place omni-directional antennas as close to the center of the coverage area as possible.
For directional antennas, point the antenna in the direction of the desired coverage area.
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A PPENDIX
Common Services
The following table lists some commonly-used services and their associated protocols and port
numbers. For a comprehensive list of port numbers, ICMP type/code numbers and services, visit
the IANA (Internet Assigned Number Authority) web site.
• N a m e : This is a short, descriptive name for the service. You can use this one or create a
different one, if you like.
• Pr ot ocol: This is the type of IP protocol used by the service. If this is TCP/ UD P, then the service
uses the same port number with TCP and UDP. If this is USER- D EFI N ED, the Por t ( s) is the IP
protocol number, not the port number.
• Por t ( s) : This value depends on the Pr ot ocol. Please refer to RFC 1700 for further information
about port numbers.
• If the Pr ot ocol is TCP, UD P, or TCP/ UD P, this is the IP port number.
• If the Pr ot ocol is USER, this is the IP protocol number.
• D e scr ipt ion : This is a brief explanation of the applications that use this service or the situations
in which this service is used.
Table 71 Commonly Used Services
NAME
PROTOCOL
PORT(S)
DESCRIPTION
AH
(IPSEC_TUNNEL)
User-Defined
51
The IPSEC AH (Authentication Header)
tunneling protocol uses this service.
AIM/New-ICQ
TCP
5190
AOL’s Internet Messenger service. It is
also used as a listening port by ICQ.
AUTH
TCP
113
Authentication protocol used by some
servers.
BGP
TCP
179
Border Gateway Protocol.
BOOTP_CLIENT
UDP
68
DHCP Client.
BOOTP_SERVER
UDP
67
DHCP Server.
CU-SEEME
TCP
7648
A popular videoconferencing solution from
White Pines Software.
UDP
24032
DNS
TCP/UDP
53
Domain Name Server, a service that
matches web names (for example
www.zyxel.com) to IP numbers.
ESP
(IPSEC_TUNNEL)
User-Defined
50
The IPSEC ESP (Encapsulation Security
Protocol) tunneling protocol uses this
service.
FINGER
TCP
79
Finger is a UNIX or Internet related
command that can be used to find out if a
user is logged on.
TCP
20
TCP
21
File Transfer Program, a program to enable
fast transfer of files, including large files
that may not be possible by e-mail.
TCP
1720
NetMeeting uses this protocol.
H.323
EMG1302-R10A User’s Guide
199
Appendix D Common Services
Table 71 Commonly Used Services (continued)
200
NAME
PROTOCOL
PORT(S)
DESCRIPTION
HTTP
TCP
80
Hyper Text Transfer Protocol - a client/
server protocol for the world wide web.
HTTPS
TCP
443
HTTPS is a secured http session often used
in e-commerce.
ICMP
User-Defined
Internet Control Message Protocol is often
used for diagnostic or routing purposes.
ICQ
UDP
4000
This is a popular Internet chat program.
IGMP (MULTICAST)
User-Defined
Internet Group Management Protocol is
used when sending packets to a specific
group of hosts.
IKE
UDP
500
The Internet Key Exchange algorithm is
used for key distribution and
management.
IRC
TCP/UDP
6667
This is another popular Internet chat
program.
MSN Messenger
TCP
1863
Microsoft Networks’ messenger service
uses this protocol.
NEW-ICQ
TCP
5190
An Internet chat program.
NEWS
TCP
144
A protocol for news groups.
NFS
UDP
2049
Network File System - NFS is a client/
server distributed file service that provides
transparent file sharing for network
environments.
NNTP
TCP
119
Network News Transport Protocol is the
delivery mechanism for the USENET
newsgroup service.
PING
User-Defined
Packet INternet Groper is a protocol that
sends out ICMP echo requests to test
whether or not a remote host is reachable.
POP3
TCP
110
Post Office Protocol version 3 lets a client
computer get e-mail from a POP3 server
through a temporary connection (TCP/IP
or other).
PPTP
TCP
1723
Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol enables
secure transfer of data over public
networks. This is the control channel.
PPTP_TUNNEL
(GRE)
User-Defined
47
PPTP (Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol)
enables secure transfer of data over public
networks. This is the data channel.
RCMD
TCP
512
Remote Command Service.
REAL_AUDIO
TCP
7070
A streaming audio service that enables
real time sound over the web.
REXEC
TCP
514
Remote Execution Daemon.
RLOGIN
TCP
513
Remote Login.
RTELNET
TCP
107
Remote Telnet.
RTSP
TCP/UDP
554
The Real Time Streaming (media control)
Protocol (RTSP) is a remote control for
multimedia on the Internet.
TCP
115
Simple File Transfer Protocol.
EMG1302-R10A User’s Guide
Appendix D Common Services
Table 71 Commonly Used Services (continued)
NAME
PROTOCOL
PORT(S)
DESCRIPTION
SMTP
TCP
25
Simple Mail Transfer Protocol is the
message-exchange standard for the
Internet. SMTP enables you to move
messages from one e-mail server to
another.
SNMP
TCP/UDP
161
Simple Network Management Program.
SNMP-TRAPS
TCP/UDP
162
Traps for use with the SNMP (RFC:1215).
SQL-NET
TCP
1521
Structured Query Language is an interface
to access data on many different types of
database systems, including mainframes,
midrange systems, UNIX systems and
network servers.
SSH
TCP/UDP
22
Secure Shell Remote Login Program.
STRM WORKS
UDP
1558
Stream Works Protocol.
SYSLOG
UDP
514
Syslog allows you to send system logs to a
UNIX server.
TACACS
UDP
49
Login Host Protocol used for (Terminal
Access Controller Access Control System).
TELNET
TCP
23
Telnet is the login and terminal emulation
protocol common on the Internet and in
UNIX environments. It operates over TCP/
IP networks. Its primary function is to
allow users to log into remote host
systems.
UDP
69
Trivial File Transfer Protocol is an Internet
file transfer protocol similar to, but uses
the UDP (User Datagram Protocol) rather
than TCP (Transmission Control Protocol).
VDOLIVE
TCP
7000
Another videoconferencing solution.
EMG1302-R10A User’s Guide
201
Appendix D Common Services
202
EMG1302-R10A User’s Guide
A PPENDIX
Legal Information
Copyright
Copyright © 2013 by ZyXEL Communications Corporation.
The contents of this publication may not be reproduced in any part or as a whole, transcribed,
stored in a retrieval system, translated into any language, or transmitted in any form or by any
means, electronic, mechanical, magnetic, optical, chemical, photocopying, manual, or otherwise,
without the prior written permission of ZyXEL Communications Corporation.
Published by ZyXEL Communications Corporation. All rights reserved.
Disclaimer
ZyXEL does not assume any liability arising out of the application or use of any products, or
software described herein. Neither does it convey any license under its patent rights nor the patent
rights of others. ZyXEL further reserves the right to make changes in any products described herein
without notice. This publication is subject to change without notice.
Certifications
Notices
Changes or modifications not expressly approved by the party responsible for compliance could
void the user's authority to operate the equipment.
Viewing Certifications
Go to http://www.zyxel.com to view this product’s documentation and certifications.
Federal Communications Commission (FCC) Interference Statement
The device complies with Part 15 of FCC rules. Operation is subject to the following two conditions:
• This device may not cause harmful interference.
• This device must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause
undesired operations.
This device has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device pursuant
to Part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against
harmful interference in a residential installation. This device generates, uses, and can radiate radio
frequency energy, and if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions, may cause
harmful interference to radio communications. However, there is no guarantee that interference will
not occur in a particular installation.
If this device does cause harmful interference to radio/television reception, which can be
determined by turning the device off and on, the user is encouraged to try to correct the
interference by one or more of the following measures:
Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna.
Increase the separation between the equipment and the receiver.
Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is connected.
EMG1302-R10A User’s Guide
203
Appendix E Legal Information
Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for help.
FCC Radiation Exposure Statement
• This transmitter must not be co-located or operating in conjunction with any other
antenna or transmitter.
• IEEE 802.11b or 802.11g operation of this product in the U.S.A. is firmware-limited to
channels 1 through 11.
• To comply with FCC RF exposure compliance requirements, a separation distance of at
least 20 cm must be maintained between the antenna of this device and all persons.
Note: For product available in the USA/Canada market, only channel 1~11 can be
operated. Selection of other channels is not possible.
注意 !
依據
低
率電波輻射性電機管理辦法
第十二條 經型式認證合格之低 率射頻電機，非經許可，公司
者均不得擅自變更頻率
大 率或變更原設計之特性及 能
商號或使用
第十四條 低 率射頻電機之使用不得影響飛航安 及干擾合法通信；經發現
有干擾現象時，應立即停用，並改善至無干擾時方得繼續使用
前項合法通信，指依電信規定作業之無線電信 低 率射頻電機須忍
受合法通信或工業 科學及醫療用電波輻射性電機設備之干擾
本機限在不干擾合法電臺與不受被干擾保障條件下於室
減少電磁波影響，請妥適使用
使用
ZyXEL Limited Warranty
ZyXEL warrants to the original end user (purchaser) that this product is free from any
defects in material or workmanship for a specific period (the Warranty Period) from the
date of purchase. The Warranty Period varies by region. Check with your vendor and/or the
authorized ZyXEL local distributor for details about the Warranty Period of this product.
During the warranty period, and upon proof of purchase, should the product have
indications of failure due to faulty workmanship and/or materials, ZyXEL will, at its
discretion, repair or replace the defective products or components without charge for either
parts or labor, and to whatever extent it shall deem necessary to restore the product or
components to proper operating condition. Any replacement will consist of a new or remanufactured functionally equivalent product of equal or higher value, and will be solely at
the discretion of ZyXEL. This warranty shall not apply if the product has been modified,
misused, tampered with, damaged by an act of God, or subjected to abnormal working
conditions.
Note
Repair or replacement, as provided under this warranty, is the exclusive remedy of the
purchaser. This warranty is in lieu of all other warranties, express or implied, including any
implied warranty of merchantability or fitness for a particular use or purpose. ZyXEL shall in
no event be held liable for indirect or consequential damages of any kind to the purchaser.
To obtain the services of this warranty, contact your vendor. You may also refer to the
warranty policy for the region in which you bought the device at http://www.zyxel.com/
web/support_warranty_info.php.
204
EMG1302-R10A User’s Guide
Appendix E Legal Information
Registration
Register your product online to receive e-mail notices of firmware upgrades and information
at www.zyxel.com for global products, or at www.us.zyxel.com for North American
products.
Open Source Licenses
This product contains in part some free software distributed under GPL license terms and/or
GPL like licenses. Open source licenses are provided with the firmware package.
You can download the latest firmware at www.zyxel.com. If you cannot find it there, contact
your vendor or ZyXEL Technical Support at support@zyxel.com.tw
To obtain the source code covered under those Licenses, please contact your vendor or
ZyXEL Technical Support at support@zyxel.com.tw
Regulatory Information
European Union
The following information applies if you use the product within the European Union.
Declaration of Conformity with Regard to EU Directive 1999/5/EC (R&TTE Directive)
Compliance Information for 2.4GHz and 5GHz Wireless Products Relevant to the EU and
Other Countries Following the EU Directive 1999/5/EC (R&TTE Directive)
[Czech]
ZyXEL tímto prohlašuje, že tento zařízení je ve shodě se základními požadavky a dalšími příslušnými
ustanoveními směrnice 1999/5/EC.
[Danish]
Undertegnede ZyXEL erklærer herved, at følgende udstyr udstyr overholder de væsentlige krav og øvrige
relevante krav i direktiv 1999/5/EF.
[German]
Hiermit erklärt ZyXEL, dass sich das Gerät Ausstattung in Übereinstimmung mit den grundlegenden
Anforderungen und den übrigen einschlägigen Bestimmungen der Richtlinie 1999/5/EU befindet.
[Estonian]
Käesolevaga kinnitab ZyXEL seadme seadmed vastavust direktiivi 1999/5/EÜ põhinõuetele ja nimetatud
direktiivist tulenevatele teistele asjakohastele sätetele.
English
Hereby, ZyXEL declares that this equipment is in compliance with the essential requirements and other
relevant provisions of Directive 1999/5/EC.
[Spanish]
Por medio de la presente ZyXEL declara que el equipo cumple con los requisitos esenciales y cualesquiera
otras disposiciones aplicables o exigibles de la Directiva 1999/5/CE.
[Greek]
Ε Η
Α
Α
Ε
Α ZyXEL ∆Η Ω Ε
ΧΕ
Ε ∆ Α Α Ε
ε π ισ ός
Η
∆ΗΓ Α
ΦΩ Ε Α
1999/5/ΕC.
Ω∆Ε
Α Α
Η Ε
[French]
Par la présente ZyXEL déclare que l'appareil équipements est conforme aux exigences essentielles et aux
autres dispositions pertinentes de la directive 1999/5/EC.
[Italian]
Con la presente ZyXEL dichiara che questo attrezzatura è conforme ai requisiti essenziali ed alle altre
disposizioni pertinenti stabilite dalla direttiva 1999/5/CE.
[Latvian]
Ar šo ZyXEL deklarē, ka iekārtas atbilst Direktīvas 1999/5/EK būtiskajām prasībām un citiem ar to
saistītajiem noteikumiem.
[Lithuanian]
Šiuo ZyXEL deklaruoja, kad šis įranga atitinka esminius reikalavimus ir kitas 1999/5/EB Direktyvos
nuostatas.
[Dutch]
Hierbij verklaart ZyXEL dat het toestel uitrusting in overeenstemming is met de essentiële eisen en de
andere relevante bepalingen van richtlijn 1999/5/EC.
[Maltese]
Hawnhekk, ZyXEL, jiddikjara li dan tagħmir jikkonforma mal-ħtiġijiet essenzjali u ma provvedimenti oħrajn
relevanti li hemm fid-Dirrettiva 1999/5/EC.
[Hungarian]
Alulírott, ZyXEL nyilatkozom, hogy a berendezés megfelel a vonatkozó alapvetõ követelményeknek és az
1999/5/EK irányelv egyéb elõírásainak.
[Polish]
Niniejszym ZyXEL oświadcza, że sprzęt jest zgodny z zasadniczymi wymogami oraz pozostałymi stosownymi
postanowieniami Dyrektywy 1999/5/EC.
[Portuguese]
ZyXEL declara que este equipamento está conforme com os requisitos essenciais e outras disposições da
Directiva 1999/5/EC.
EMG1302-R10A User’s Guide
205
Appendix E Legal Information
[Slovenian]
ZyXEL izjavlja, da je ta oprema v skladu z bistvenimi zahtevami in ostalimi relevantnimi določili direktive
1999/5/EC.
[Slovak]
ZyXEL týmto vyhlasuje, že zariadenia spĺňa základné požiadavky a všetky príslušné ustanovenia Smernice
1999/5/EC.
[Finnish]
ZyXEL vakuuttaa täten että laitteet tyyppinen laite on direktiivin 1999/5/EY oleellisten vaatimusten ja sitä
koskevien direktiivin muiden ehtojen mukainen.
[Swedish]
Härmed intygar ZyXEL att denna utrustning står I överensstämmelse med de väsentliga egenskapskrav och
övriga relevanta bestämmelser som framgår av direktiv 1999/5/EC.
[Bulgarian]
С
[Icelandic]
Hér með lýsir, ZyXEL því yfir að þessi búnaður er í samræmi við grunnkröfur og önnur viðeigandi ákvæði
tilskipunar 1999/5/EC.
[Norwegian]
Erklærer herved ZyXEL at dette utstyret er I samsvar med de grunnleggende kravene og andre relevante
bestemmelser I direktiv 1999/5/EF.
[Romanian]
Prin prezenta, ZyXEL declară că acest echipament este în conformitate cu cerinţele esenţiale şi alte
prevederi relevante ale Directivei 1999/5/EC.
я
ZyXEL
,ч
я
1999/5/ C.
National Restrictions
This product may be used in all EU countries (and other countries following the EU directive
1999/5/EC) without any limitation except for the countries mentioned below:
Ce produit peut être utilisé dans tous les pays de l’UE (et dans tous les pays ayant
transposés la directive 1999/5/CE) sans aucune limitation, excepté pour les pays
mentionnés ci-dessous:
Questo prodotto è utilizzabile in tutte i paesi EU (ed in tutti gli altri paesi che seguono le
direttive EU 1999/5/EC) senza nessuna limitazione, eccetto per i paesii menzionati di
seguito:
Das Produkt kann in allen EU Staaten ohne Einschränkungen eingesetzt werden (sowie in
anderen Staaten die der EU Direktive 1995/5/CE folgen) mit Außnahme der folgenden
aufgeführten Staaten:
In the majority of the EU and other European countries, the 2, 4- and 5-GHz bands have
been made available for the use of wireless local area networks (LANs). Later in this
document you will find an overview of countries inwhich additional restrictions or
requirements or both are applicable.
The requirements for any country may evolve. ZyXEL recommends that you check with the
local authorities for the latest status of their national regulations for both the 2,4- and 5GHz wireless LANs.
The following countries have restrictions and/or requirements in addition to those given in
the table labeled “Overview of Regulat ory Requirem ent s for Wireless LANs”:.
Overview of Regulatory Requirements for Wireless LANs
Frequency Band (MHz)
Max Power Level
(EIRP)1 (mW)
2400-2483.5
100
5150-5350
200
5470-5725
1000
Indoor ONLY
Indoor and Outdoor
Belgium
206
EMG1302-R10A User’s Guide
Appendix E Legal Information
The Belgian Institute for Postal Services and Telecommunications (BIPT) must be notified of
any outdoor wireless link having a range exceeding 300 meters. Please check http://
www.bipt.be for more details.
Draadloze verbindingen voor buitengebruik en met een reikwijdte van meer dan 300 meter
dienen aangemeld te worden bij het Belgisch Instituut voor postdiensten en
telecommunicatie (BIPT). Zie http://www.bipt.be voor meer gegevens.
Les liaisons sans fil pour une utilisation en extérieur d’une distance supérieure à 300 mètres
doivent être notifiées à l’Institut Belge des services Postaux et des Télécommunications
(IBPT). Visitez http://www.ibpt.be pour de plus amples détails.
Denmark
In Denmark, the band 5150 - 5350 MHz is also allowed for outdoor usage.
I Danmark må frekvensbåndet 5150 - 5350 også anvendes udendørs.
Italy
This product meets the National Radio Interface and the requirements specified in the
National Frequency Allocation Table for Italy. Unless this wireless LAN product is operating
within the boundaries of the owner's property, its use requires a “general authorization.”
Please check http://www.sviluppoeconomico.gov.it/ for more details.
Questo prodotto è conforme alla specifiche di Interfaccia Radio Nazionali e rispetta il Piano
Nazionale di ripartizione delle frequenze in Italia. Se non viene installato all 'interno del
proprio fondo, l'utilizzo di prodotti Wireless LAN richiede una “Autorizzazione Generale”.
Consultare http://www.sviluppoeconomico.gov.it/ per maggiori dettagli.
Latvia
The outdoor usage of the 2.4 GHz band requires an authorization from the Electronic
Communications Office. Please check http://www.esd.lv for more details.
2.4 GHz frekvenèu joslas izmantoðanai ârpus telpâm nepiecieðama atïauja no Elektronisko sakaru
direkcijas. Vairâk informâcijas: http://www.esd.lv.
Notes:
1. Although Norway, Switzerland and Liechtenstein are not EU member states, the EU
Directive 1999/5/EC has also been implemented in those countries.
2. The regulatory limits for maximum output power are specified in EIRP. The EIRP level (in
dBm) of a device can be calculated by adding the gain of the antenna used(specified in dBi)
to the output power available at the connector (specified in dBm).
EMG1302-R10A User’s Guide
207
Appendix E Legal Information
List of national codes
COUNTRY
ISO 3166 2 LETTER CODE
COUNTRY
ISO 3166 2 LETTER CODE
Austria
AT
Malta
MT
Belgium
BE
Netherlands
NL
Cyprus
CY
Poland
PL
PT
Czech Republic
CR
Portugal
Denmark
DK
Slovakia
SK
Estonia
EE
Slovenia
SI
Finland
FI
Spain
ES
France
FR
Sweden
SE
Germany
DE
United Kingdom
GB
Greece
GR
Iceland
IS
Hungary
HU
Liechtenstein
LI
Ireland
IE
Norway
NO
Italy
IT
Switzerland
CH
Latvia
LV
Bulgaria
BG
Lithuania
LT
Romania
RO
Luxembourg
LU
Turkey
TR
Safety Warnings
• Do NOT use this product near water, for example, in a wet basement or near a swimming
pool.
• Do NOT expose your device to dampness, dust or corrosive liquids.
• Do NOT store things on the device.
• Do NOT install, use, or service this device during a thunderstorm. There is a remote risk
of electric shock from lightning.
• Connect ONLY suitable accessories to the device.
• Do NOT open the device or unit. Opening or removing covers can expose you to
dangerous high voltage points or other risks. ONLY qualified service personnel should
service or disassemble this device. Please contact your vendor for further information.
• Make sure to connect the cables to the correct ports.
• Place connecting cables carefully so that no one will step on them or stumble over them.
• Always disconnect all cables from this device before servicing or disassembling.
• Use ONLY an appropriate power adaptor or cord for your device.
• Connect the power adaptor or cord to the right supply voltage (for example, 110V AC in
North America or 230V AC in Europe).
• Do NOT allow anything to rest on the power adaptor or cord and do NOT place the
product where anyone can walk on the power adaptor or cord.
• Do NOT use the device if the power adaptor or cord is damaged as it might cause
electrocution.
• If the power adaptor or cord is damaged, remove it from the power outlet.
• Do NOT attempt to repair the power adaptor or cord. Contact your local vendor to order a
new one.
• Do not use the device outside, and make sure all the connections are indoors. There is a
remote risk of electric shock from lightning.
• Do NOT obstruct the device ventilation slots, as insufficient airflow may harm your
device.
• Antenna Warning! This device meets ETSI and FCC certification requirements when using
the included antenna(s). Only use the included antenna(s).
208
EMG1302-R10A User’s Guide
Appendix E Legal Information
• If you wall mount your device, make sure that no electrical lines, gas or water pipes will
be damaged.
Your product is marked with this symbol, which is known as the WEEE mark.
WEEE stands for Waste Electronics and Electrical Equipment. It means that used
electrical and electronic products should not be mixed with general waste. Used
electrical and electronic equipment should be treated separately.
EMG1302-R10A User’s Guide
209
Appendix E Legal Information
210
EMG1302-R10A User’s Guide
Index
Index
Numbers
Configuration
restore 159
802.1p 107
contact information 167
content filtering 131
by keyword (in URL) 131
ActiveX 132
Address Assignment 56
Cookies 133
CPU usage 38
CTS (Clear to Send) 188
customer support 167
Advanced Encryption Standard
See AES.
AES 193
antenna
directional 197
gain 197
omni-directional 197
DDNS
service providers 117, 121, 135
AP (access point) 187
DHCP 31, 97
DHCP server
see also Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol
AP+Bridge 15
DHCP server 94, 97
AP 15
Basic Service Set, See BSS 185
Bridge/Repeater 15
BSS 185
DHCP table 31
DHCP client information
DHCP status
disclaimer 203
DNS 99
DNS Server 56
DNS server 99
documentation
related 2
Domain Name System 99
Domain Name System. See DNS.
duplex setting 38
CA 192
Dynamic DNS 117
Certificate Authority
See CA.
Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol 97
certifications
notices 203
viewing 203
dynamic WEP key exchange 192
DynDNS 117, 121, 135
DynDNS see also DDNS 117, 121, 135
Channel 37
channel 76, 187
interference 187
EMG1302-R10A User’s Guide
211
Index
EAP Authentication 191
IBSS 185
encryption 77, 193
and local (user) database 78
key 78
WPA compatible 78
IEEE 802.11g 189
ESS 186
IGMP version 57
ESSID 165
Independent Basic Service Set
See IBSS 185
Extended Service Set, See ESS 186
IGMP 57
see also Internet Group Multicast Protocol
version
initialization vector (IV) 193
Interface Group 123
Internet
wizard setup 23
FCC interference statement 203
Internet access
wizard setup 23
Firewall 126
Firewall overview
guidelines 127
network security
Stateful inspection 126
ZyXEL device firewall 126
firewall
stateful inspection 125
Firmware upload 157
file extension
using HTTP
Internet Group Multicast Protocol 57
IP Address 95
IP precedence 107
Java 132
firmware version 37
fragmentation threshold 188
General wireless LAN screen 78
Guest WLAN 79
Guide
Quick Start 2
LAN 93
IP pool setup 94
LAN overview 93
LAN setup 93
LAN TCP/IP 94
Language 160
Link type 38
local (user) database 77
and encryption 78
hidden node 187
Local Area Network 93
MAC 85
MAC address 57, 76
212
EMG1302-R10A User’s Guide
Index
cloning 57
MAC address filter 76
PPPoE 62
dial-up connection
MAC address filtering 85
preamble mode 189
MAC filter 85
product registration 205
managing the device
good habits 15
using the web configurator. See web configurator.
using the WPS. See WPS.
PSK 194
MBSSID 15
Media access control 85
Memory usage 38
Message Integrity Check (MIC) 193
mode 15
Multicast 57
IGMP 57
QoS 103
802.1p 107
example 103
IP precedence 107
priority queue 107
Quality of Service (QoS) 87
Quality of Service, see QoS
Quick Start Guide 2
NAT 109, 112
global 110
how it works 111
inside 110
local 110
outside 110
overview 109
see also Network Address Translation
server 111
NAT Traversal 145
Navigation Panel 39
navigation panel 39
Network Address Translation 109, 112
RADIUS 190
message types 191
messages 191
shared secret key 191
RADIUS server 77
registration
product 205
related documentation 2
Remote management
and NAT 137
limitations 137
Reset button 21
Reset the device 21
Restore configuration 159
Roaming 86
operating mode 15
other documentation 2
Router Mode
status screen 36
RTS (Request To Send) 188
threshold 187, 188
RTS/CTS Threshold 75, 86
Pairwise Master Key (PMK) 194, 195
Point-to-Point Protocol over Ethernet 62
port speed 38
EMG1302-R10A User’s Guide
213
Index
warranty 204
note 204
safety warnings 208
Web Configurator
how to access 19
Overview 19
Scheduling 90
Service Set 79, 84
Service Set IDentification 79, 84
Service Set IDentity. See SSID.
SSID 76, 79, 84
stateful inspection firewall 125
Static DHCP 99, 100
Static Route 119
Status 36
Subnet Mask 95
Summary
DHCP table 31
Packet statistics 32
Wireless station status 33
System General Setup 153
System restart 160
TCP/IP configuration 97
Temporal Key Integrity Protocol (TKIP) 193
Time setting 156
Universal Plug and Play 145
Application 145
Security issues 145
UPnP 145
user authentication 77
local (user) database 77
RADIUS server 77
web configurator 15
Web Proxy 133
WEP Encryption 82
Wi-Fi Protected Access 193
Wireless association list 33
wireless channel 165
wireless client WPA supplicants 194
wireless LAN 165
wireless LAN scheduling 90
Wireless network
basic guidelines 75
channel 76
encryption 77
example 75
MAC address filter 76
overview 75
security 76
SSID 76
Wireless security 76
overview 76
type 76
wireless security 165, 189
Wireless tutorial 43
wizard setup
Internet 23
WLAN
interference 187
security parameters 196
WPA 193
key caching 194
pre-authentication 194
user authentication 194
vs WPA-PSK 194
wireless client supplicant 194
with RADIUS application example 194
WPA compatible 78
WAN advanced 72
WPA2 193
user authentication 194
vs WPA2-PSK 194
wireless client supplicant 194
with RADIUS application example 194
WAN MAC address 57
WPA2-Pre-Shared Key 193
WAN (Wide Area Network) 55
214
EMG1302-R10A User’s Guide
Index
WPA2-PSK 193, 194
application example 195
WPA-PSK 193, 194
application example 195
WPS 15
EMG1302-R10A User’s Guide
215

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