ZyXEL Communications NBG418N Wireless N Home Router Model No.: NBG-418N User Manual Book

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Date Submitted	2012-05-28 00:00:00
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NBG-418N
Wireless N Home Router
IMPORTANT!
Default Login Details
LAN IP
Address
READ CAREFULLY
BEFORE USE.
http://192.168.1.1
User Name
admin
Password
1234
KEEP THIS GUIDE
FOR FUTURE
REFERENCE.
IMPORTANT!
Version 1.00
Editionwww.zyxel.com
1, 4/2012
www.zyxel.com
Copyright © 2012
ZyXEL Communications Corporation
IMPORTANT!
READ CAREFULLY BEFORE USE.
KEEP THIS GUIDE FOR FUTURE REFERENCE.
Graphics in this book may differ slightly from the product due to differences in operating systems,
operating system versions, or if you installed updated firmware/software for your device. Every
effort has been made to ensure that the information in this manual is accurate.
Related Documentation
• Quick Start Guide
The Quick Start Guide shows how to connect the NBG-418N and configure it using the Web
Configurator wizard.
NBG-418N User’s Guide
Contents Overview
Contents Overview
User’s Guide ....................................................................................................................................... 11
Introduction .............................................................................................................................................13
The Web Configurator .............................................................................................................................17
Connection Wizard ..................................................................................................................................21
Modes ....................................................................................................................................................35
Tutorials ..................................................................................................................................................57
Technical Reference ..........................................................................................................................65
Wireless LAN ..........................................................................................................................................67
WAN ........................................................................................................................................................85
LAN .........................................................................................................................................................93
DHCP Server ..........................................................................................................................................97
Network Address Translation ................................................................................................................101
Dynamic DNS ........................................................................................................................................109
Firewall .................................................................................................................................................. 111
Remote Management ............................................................................................................................ 115
Universal Plug-and-Play (UPnP) ........................................................................................................... 119
System ..................................................................................................................................................125
Logs ......................................................................................................................................................129
Tools ......................................................................................................................................................131
Sys OP Mode ........................................................................................................................................137
Language ..............................................................................................................................................139
Troubleshooting ....................................................................................................................................141
NBG-418N User’s Guide
Contents Overview
NBG-418N User’s Guide
Table of Contents
Table of Contents
Contents Overview ..............................................................................................................................3
Table of Contents .................................................................................................................................5
Part I: User’s Guide ......................................................................................... 11
Chapter 1
Introduction.........................................................................................................................................13
1.1 Overview ...........................................................................................................................................13
1.2 Securing the NBG-418N ...................................................................................................................14
1.3 LEDs .................................................................................................................................................15
1.4 The WPS Button ...............................................................................................................................15
1.5 Wall Mounting ...................................................................................................................................16
Chapter 2
The Web Configurator ........................................................................................................................17
2.1 Overview ...........................................................................................................................................17
2.2 Accessing the Web Configurator .......................................................................................................17
2.3 Resetting the NBG-418N ..................................................................................................................19
2.3.1 Using the RESET Button .........................................................................................................19
Chapter 3
Connection Wizard .............................................................................................................................21
3.1 Wizard Setup .....................................................................................................................................21
3.2 Connection Wizard: STEP 1: System Information ............................................................................22
3.2.1 System Name ..........................................................................................................................22
3.2.2 Domain Name ..........................................................................................................................23
3.3 Connection Wizard: STEP 2: Wireless LAN ......................................................................................23
3.3.1 WPA-PSK or WPA2-PSK Security ...........................................................................................24
3.4 Connection Wizard: STEP 3: Internet Configuration .........................................................................25
3.4.1 Ethernet Connection ................................................................................................................26
3.4.2 PPPoE Connection ..................................................................................................................26
3.4.3 PPTP Connection ....................................................................................................................27
3.4.4 Your IP Address .......................................................................................................................28
3.4.5 WAN IP Address Assignment ..................................................................................................29
3.4.6 IP Address and Subnet Mask ..................................................................................................30
3.4.7 DNS Server Address Assignment ...........................................................................................30
3.4.8 WAN IP and DNS Server Address Assignment .......................................................................30
NBG-418N User’s Guide
Table of Contents
3.4.9 WAN MAC Address .................................................................................................................31
3.5 Connection Wizard Complete ...........................................................................................................32
Chapter 4
Modes .................................................................................................................................................35
4.1 Overview ...........................................................................................................................................35
4.2 Setting your NBG-418N to Router Mode ...........................................................................................36
4.2.1 Status Screen (Router Mode) ..................................................................................................37
4.2.2 Router Mode Navigation Panel ................................................................................................42
4.3 Setting your NBG-418N to AP Mode .................................................................................................44
4.3.1 Status Screen (AP Mode) ........................................................................................................45
4.3.2 AP Navigation Panel ................................................................................................................47
4.4 Setting your NBG-418N to Universal Repeater Mode .......................................................................48
4.4.1 Status Screen (Universal Repeater Mode) ..............................................................................49
4.4.2 Universal Repeater Navigation Panel ......................................................................................51
4.5 Setting your NBG-418N to Client Bridge Mode .................................................................................52
4.5.1 Status Screen (Client Bridge Mode) ........................................................................................53
4.5.2 Client Bridge Navigation Panel ................................................................................................54
Chapter 5
Tutorials ...............................................................................................................................................57
5.1 Overview ...........................................................................................................................................57
5.2 How to Connect to the Internet from an AP ......................................................................................57
5.2.1 Configure Wireless Security Using WPS on both your NBG-418N and Wireless Client .........57
5.3 Enable and Configure Wireless Security without WPS on your NBG-418N .....................................61
Part II: Technical Reference............................................................................ 65
Chapter 6
Wireless LAN.......................................................................................................................................67
6.1 Overview ...........................................................................................................................................67
6.2 What You Can Do .............................................................................................................................68
6.3 What You Should Know ....................................................................................................................69
6.3.1 Wireless Security Overview .....................................................................................................69
6.4 General Wireless LAN Screen .........................................................................................................70
6.4.1 No Security ..............................................................................................................................72
6.4.2 WEP Encryption ......................................................................................................................73
6.4.3 WPA-PSK/WPA2-PSK .............................................................................................................74
6.5 MAC Filter .........................................................................................................................................75
6.6 Wireless LAN Advanced Screen .......................................................................................................76
6.7 Quality of Service (QoS) Screen .......................................................................................................78
NBG-418N User’s Guide
Table of Contents
6.8 WPS Screen ......................................................................................................................................79
6.9 WPS Station Screen ..........................................................................................................................80
6.10 Scheduling Screen ..........................................................................................................................81
6.11 AP Select Screen ............................................................................................................................82
6.12 WLAN Info Screen ..........................................................................................................................83
Chapter 7
WAN .....................................................................................................................................................85
7.1 Overview ...........................................................................................................................................85
7.2 What You Need To Know ..................................................................................................................85
7.2.1 Configuring Your Internet Connection ......................................................................................85
7.3 Internet Connection ...........................................................................................................................86
7.3.1 Ethernet Encapsulation ...........................................................................................................86
7.3.2 PPPoE Encapsulation .............................................................................................................88
7.3.3 PPTP Encapsulation ................................................................................................................90
Chapter 8
LAN ......................................................................................................................................................93
8.1 Overview ...........................................................................................................................................93
8.2 What You Need To Know ..................................................................................................................93
8.2.1 IP Pool Setup ...........................................................................................................................94
8.2.2 LAN TCP/IP .............................................................................................................................94
8.3 LAN IP Screen ..................................................................................................................................94
Chapter 9
DHCP Server .......................................................................................................................................97
9.1 Overview ...........................................................................................................................................97
9.2 What You Can Do .............................................................................................................................97
9.3 What You Need To Know ..................................................................................................................97
9.4 General Screen .................................................................................................................................97
9.5 Advanced Screen
...........................................................................................................................98
9.6 Client List Screen ............................................................................................................................100
Chapter 10
Network Address Translation ..........................................................................................................101
10.1 Overview
....................................................................................................................................101
10.2 What You Can Do .........................................................................................................................102
10.2.1 What You Need To Know .....................................................................................................102
10.3 General NAT Screen .....................................................................................................................103
10.4 NAT Application Screen
..............................................................................................................104
10.5 Technical Reference ......................................................................................................................106
10.5.1 NAT Port Forwarding: Services and Port Numbers .............................................................106
10.5.2 NAT Port Forwarding Example ............................................................................................107
NBG-418N User’s Guide
Table of Contents
Chapter 11
Dynamic DNS ....................................................................................................................................109
11.1 Overview ......................................................................................................................................109
11.2 Dynamic DNS Screen
.................................................................................................................109
Chapter 12
Firewall .............................................................................................................................................. 111
12.1 Overview
..................................................................................................................................... 111
12.2 What You Can Do ......................................................................................................................... 111
12.3 What You Need To Know .............................................................................................................. 112
12.3.1 About the NBG-418N Firewall ............................................................................................. 112
12.3.2 VPN Pass Through Features ............................................................................................... 112
12.4 General Firewall Screen
12.5 Services Screen
............................................................................................................. 112
......................................................................................................................... 113
Chapter 13
Remote Management........................................................................................................................ 115
13.1 Overview ....................................................................................................................................... 115
13.1.1 Remote Management Limitations ........................................................................................ 116
13.1.2 Remote Management and NAT ........................................................................................... 116
13.1.3 System Timeout ................................................................................................................... 116
13.2 WWW Screen
............................................................................................................................. 116
Chapter 14
Universal Plug-and-Play (UPnP)...................................................................................................... 119
14.1 Overview ...................................................................................................................................... 119
14.2 What You Need to Know ............................................................................................................... 119
14.3 Configuring UPnP .........................................................................................................................120
14.3.1 Using UPnP in Windows XP Example .................................................................................120
14.3.2 Web Configurator Easy Access ...........................................................................................122
Chapter 15
System ...............................................................................................................................................125
15.1 Overview .......................................................................................................................................125
15.2 What You Can Do .........................................................................................................................125
15.3 System General Screen ...............................................................................................................125
15.4 Time Setting Screen ......................................................................................................................126
Chapter 16
Logs ...................................................................................................................................................129
16.1 Overview .......................................................................................................................................129
16.2 What You Need to Know ...............................................................................................................129
16.3 View Log Screen ...........................................................................................................................129
NBG-418N User’s Guide
Table of Contents
Chapter 17
Tools ..................................................................................................................................................131
17.1 Overview .......................................................................................................................................131
17.2 What You Can Do .........................................................................................................................131
17.3 Firmware Upload Screen ..............................................................................................................131
17.4 Configuration Screen ....................................................................................................................133
17.4.1 Backup Configuration ..........................................................................................................133
17.4.2 Restore Configuration ..........................................................................................................133
17.4.3 Back to Factory Defaults .....................................................................................................134
17.5 Restart Screen ..............................................................................................................................134
Chapter 18
Sys OP Mode.....................................................................................................................................137
18.1 Overview .......................................................................................................................................137
18.2 General Screen .............................................................................................................................137
Chapter 19
Language...........................................................................................................................................139
19.1 Language Screen ..........................................................................................................................139
Chapter 20
Troubleshooting................................................................................................................................141
20.1 Power, Hardware Connections, and LEDs ....................................................................................141
20.2 NBG-418N Access and Login .......................................................................................................142
20.3 Internet Access .............................................................................................................................143
20.4 Resetting the NBG-418N to Its Factory Defaults ..........................................................................144
20.5 Wireless Problems ........................................................................................................................145
Appendix A IP Addresses and Subnetting.......................................................................................147
Appendix B Pop-up Windows, JavaScripts and Java Permissions..................................................157
Appendix C Setting Up Your Computer’s IP Address ......................................................................167
Appendix D Wireless LANs..............................................................................................................195
Appendix E Common Services ........................................................................................................209
Appendix F Legal Information..........................................................................................................213
Index ..................................................................................................................................................219
NBG-418N User’s Guide
Table of Contents
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NBG-418N User’s Guide
P ART I
User’s Guide
11
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C HAPT ER
Introduction
1.1 Overview
The NBG-418N extends the range of your existing wired network without additional wiring,
providing easy network access to mobile users.
Your can create the following connections using the NBG-418N:
• LAN. You can connect network devices via the Ethernet ports of the NBG-418N so that they can
communicate with each other and access the Internet.
• WLAN. Wireless clients can connect to the NBG-418N to access network resources.
• WAN. Connect to a broadband modem/router for Internet access.
Figure 1 NBG-418N Network
WLAN
LAN1
LAN2
WAN
LAN3
LAN4
You can set up the NBG-418N with other IEEE 802.11b/g/n compatible devices in one of the
following device modes:
• Router
• Access Point
• Universal Repeater
• Client Bridge
NBG-418N User’s Guide
13
Chapter 1 Introduction
Use a (supported) web browser to manage the NBG-418N. Menus vary according to which mode
you’re using.
Router Mode
Non-Router Mode
See Chapter 4 on page 35 for more information on these modes.
1.2 Securing the NBG-418N
Do the following things regularly to make the NBG-418N more secure and to manage the NBG418N more effectively.
• Change the password. Use a password that’s not easy to guess and that consists of different
types of characters, such as numbers and letters.
• Write down the password and put it in a safe place.
• Back up the configuration (and make sure you know how to restore it). Restoring an earlier
working configuration may be useful if the device becomes unstable or even crashes. If you
forget your password, you will have to reset the NBG-418N to its factory default settings. If you
backed up an earlier configuration file, you would not have to totally re-configure the NBG-418N.
You could simply restore your last configuration.
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NBG-418N User’s Guide
Chapter 1 Introduction
1.3 LEDs
Figure 2 Front Panel
The following table describes the LEDs and the WPS button.
Table 1 Front Panel LEDs and WPS Button
LED
COLOR
STATUS
DESCRIPTION
POWER
Green
On
The NBG-418N is receiving power and functioning properly.
Off
The NBG-418N is not receiving power.
On
The NBG-418N has a successful 10/100MB LAN connection.
Blinking
The NBG-418N is sending/receiving data through the LAN.
Off
The LAN is not connected.
On
The NBG-418N has a successful 10/100MB WAN connection.
LAN 1-4
WAN
WLAN
Green
Green
Green
Blinking
The NBG-418N is sending/receiving data through the WAN.
Off
The WAN connection is not ready, or has failed.
On
The NBG-418N is ready, but is not sending/receiving data
through the wireless LAN.
Blinking
The NBG-418N is sending/receiving data through the wireless
LAN.
The NBG-418N is negotiating a WPS connection with a wireless
client.
WPS
Green
Off
The wireless LAN is not ready or has failed.
On
WPS status is configured.
Blinking
The NBG-418N is negotiating a WPS connection with a wireless
client.
Off
The WPS status is not configured or disabled.
1.4 The WPS Button
Your NBG-418N supports WiFi Protected Setup (WPS), which is an easy way to set up a secure
wireless network. WPS is an industry standard specification, defined by the WiFi Alliance.
WPS allows you to quickly set up a wireless network with strong security, without having to
configure security settings manually. Each WPS connection works between two devices. Both
devices must support WPS (check each device’s documentation to make sure).
Depending on the devices you have, you can either press a button (recommended) on the device
itself, or in its configuration utility or enter a PIN (a unique Personal Identification Number that
NBG-418N User’s Guide
15
Chapter 1 Introduction
allows one device to authenticate the other) in each of the two devices. When WPS is activated on
a device, it has two minutes to find another device that also has WPS activated. Then, the two
devices connect and set up a secure network by themselves.
For more information on using WPS, see Section 5.2.1 on page 57.
1.5 Wall Mounting
You may need screw anchors if mounting on a concrete or brick wall.
Table 2 Wall Mounting Information
Distance between holes
12 cm
M4 Screws
Two
Screw anchors (optional)
Two
Select a position free of obstructions on a wall strong enough to hold the weight of the device.
Mark two holes on the wall at the appropriate distance apart for the screws.
Be careful to avoid damaging pipes or cables located inside the wall
when drilling holes for the screws.
If using screw anchors, drill two holes for the screw anchors into the wall. Push the anchors into the
full depth of the holes, then insert the screws into the anchors. Do not insert the screws all the way
in - leave a small gap of about 0.5 cm.
If not using screw anchors, use a screwdriver to insert the screws into the wall. Do not insert the
screws all the way in - leave a gap of about 0.5 cm.
Make sure the screws are fastened well enough to hold the weight of the NBG-418N with the
connection cables.
Align the holes on the back of the NBG-418N with the screws on the wall. Hang the NBG-418N on
the screws.
Figure 3 Wall Mounting Example
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NBG-418N User’s Guide
C HAPT ER
The Web Configurator
2.1 Overview
This chapter describes how to access the NBG-418N Web Configurator and provides an overview of
its screens.
The Web Configurator is an HTML-based management interface that allows easy setup and
management of the NBG-418N via Internet browser. Use Internet Explorer 6.0 and later versions,
Mozilla Firefox 3 and later versions, or Safari 2.0 and later versions. The recommended screen
resolution is 1024 by 768 pixels.
In order to use the Web Configurator you need to allow:
• Web browser pop-up windows from your device. Web pop-up blocking is enabled by default in
Windows XP SP (Service Pack) 2.
• JavaScript (enabled by default).
• Java permissions (enabled by default).
Refer to Chapter 20 Troubleshooting to see how to make sure these functions are allowed in
Internet Explorer.
2.2 Accessing the Web Configurator
Make sure your NBG-418N hardware is properly connected and prepare your computer or computer
network to connect to the NBG-418N (refer to the Quick Start Guide).
Launch your web browser.
Type "http://192.168.1.1" as the website address in your web browser. This is the default LAN IP
address in router mode, the default device mode (192.168.1.2 is the default IP address in nonrouter mode).
Your computer must be in the same subnet in order to access this website address. In router mode,
the NBG-418N can assign your computer an IP address, so you must set your computer to get an IP
address automatically (computer factory default) or give it a fixed IP address in the range between
192.168.1.3 and 192.168.1.254 (see the appendices).
Type admin (default) as the user name and 1234 (default) as the password and click OK.
NBG-418N User’s Guide
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Chapter 2 The Web Configurator
Figure 4 Login Screen
Note: The management session automatically times out when the time period set in the
Administrator Inactivity Timer field expires (default five minutes). Simply log
back into the NBG-418N if this happens.
Select the setup type you want to use.
• Click Go to Wizard Setup to use the Configuration Wizard for basic Internet and Wireless
setup.
• Click Go to Advanced Setup to view and configure all the NBG-418N’s settings.
• Select a language to go to the basic Web Configurator in that language. To change to the
advanced configurator see Chapter 19 on page 139.
Figure 5
18
Selecting the setup mode
NBG-418N User’s Guide
Chapter 2 The Web Configurator
2.3 Resetting the NBG-418N
If you forget your password or IP address, or you cannot access the Web Configurator, you will need
to use the RESET button at the back of the NBG-418N to reload the factory-default configuration
file. This means that you will lose all configurations that you had previously saved, the username
will be reset to admin and password will be reset to 1234. The IP address will be reset to
“192.168.1.1”.
2.3.1 Using the RESET Button
Make sure the power LED is on.
Press the RESET button for longer than 1 second to restart/reboot the NBG-418N.
Press the RESET button for longer than five seconds to set the NBG-418N back to its factorydefault configurations.
NBG-418N User’s Guide
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Chapter 2 The Web Configurator
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NBG-418N User’s Guide
C HAPT ER
Connection Wizard
3.1 Wizard Setup
This chapter provides information on the wizard setup screens in the Web Configurator.
The Web Configurator’s wizard setup helps you configure your device to access the Internet. Refer
to your ISP (Internet Service Provider) checklist in the Quick Start Guide to know what to enter in
each field. Leave a field blank if you don’t have that information.
After you access the NBG-418N Web Configurator, click Go to Wizard setup.
You can click Go to Advanced setup to skip this wizard setup and configure basic or advanced
features accordingly.
Figure 6 Select Wizard or Advanced Mode
Choose a language by clicking on the language’s button. The screen will update. Click the Next
button to proceed to the next screen.
NBG-418N User’s Guide
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Chapter 3 Connection Wizard
Figure 7 Select a Language
Read the on-screen information and click Next.
Figure 8 Welcome to the Connection Wizard
3.2 Connection Wizard: STEP 1: System Information
System Information contains administrative and system-related information.
3.2.1 System Name
System Name is for identification purposes. However, because some ISPs check this name you
should enter your computer's "Computer Name".
• In Windows 95/98 click Start > Settings > Control Panel > Network. Click the Identification
tab, note the entry for the Computer Name field and enter it as the System Name.
• In Windows 2000, click Start > Settings and Control Panel and then double-click System.
Click the Network Identification tab and then the Properties button. Note the entry for the
Computer name field and enter it as the System Name.
• In Windows XP, click Start > My Computer > View system information and then click the
Computer Name tab. Note the entry in the Full computer name field and enter it as the NBG418N System Name.
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Chapter 3 Connection Wizard
3.2.2 Domain Name
The Domain Name entry is what is propagated to the DHCP clients on the LAN. If you leave this
blank, the domain name obtained by DHCP from the ISP is used. While you must enter the host
name (System Name) on each individual computer, the domain name can be assigned from the
NBG-418N via DHCP.
Click Next to configure the NBG-418N for Internet access.
Figure 9 Wizard Step 1: System Information
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 3 Wizard Step 1: System Information
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
System Name
System Name is a unique name to identify the NBG-418N in an Ethernet network. Enter a
descriptive name. This name can be up to 30 alphanumeric characters long. Spaces are not
allowed, but dashes "-" and underscores "_" are accepted.
Domain Name
Type the domain name (if you know it) here. If you leave this field blank, the ISP may
assign a domain name via DHCP. The domain name entered by you is given priority over the
ISP assigned domain name.
Back
Click Back to display the previous screen.
Next
Click Next to proceed to the next screen.
Exit
Click Exit to close the wizard screen without saving.
3.3 Connection Wizard: STEP 2: Wireless LAN
Set up your wireless LAN using the following screen.
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Chapter 3 Connection Wizard
Figure 10 Wizard Step 2: Wireless LAN
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 4 Wizard Step 2: Wireless LAN
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
Name (SSID)
Enter a descriptive name (up to 32 printable 7-bit ASCII characters) for the wireless LAN.
If you change this field on the NBG-418N, make sure all wireless stations use the same
SSID in order to access the network.
Security
Select a Security level from the drop-down list box.
Choose None to have no wireless LAN security configured. If you do not enable any wireless
security on your NBG-418N, your network is accessible to any wireless networking device
that is within range. If you choose this option, skip directly to Section 3.4 on page 25.
Choose WPA-PSK or WPA2-PSK security to configure a Pre-Shared Key. Choose this
option only if your wireless clients support WPA-PSK or WPA2-PSK respectively. If you
choose this option, skip directly to Section 3.3.1 on page 24.
Channel
Selection
The range of radio frequencies used by IEEE 802.11b/g/n wireless devices is called a
channel.
Set the operating frequency/channel depending on your particular region. Select a channel
from the drop-down list box. The options vary depending on the frequency band and the
country you are in.
This option is only available if Auto Channel Selection is disabled.
Auto Channel
Selection
Select this option for the NBG-418N to automatically choose the channel with the least
interference. Deselect this option if you wish to manually select the channel using the
Channel Selection field.
Back
Click Back to display the previous screen.
Next
Click Next to proceed to the next screen.
Exit
Click Exit to close the wizard screen without saving.
Note: The wireless stations and NBG-418N must use the same SSID, channel ID, WPAPSK (if WPA-PSK is enabled) or WPA2-PSK (if WPA2-PSK is enabled) for wireless
communication.
3.3.1 WPA-PSK or WPA2-PSK Security
Choose WPA-PSK or WPA2-PSK security in the Wireless LAN setup screen to set up a PreShared Key.
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NBG-418N User’s Guide
Chapter 3 Connection Wizard
Figure 11 Wizard Step 2: WPA-PSK or WPA2-PSK Security
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 5 Wizard Step 2: WPA-PSK or WPA2-PSK Security
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
Pre-Shared Key
Type from 8 to 63 case-sensitive ASCII characters or 64 HEX characters. You can set up
the most secure wireless connection by configuring WPA in the wireless LAN screens. You
need to configure an authentication server to do this.
Back
Click Back to display the previous screen.
Next
Click Next to proceed to the next screen.
Exit
Click Exit to close the wizard screen without saving.
3.4 Connection Wizard: STEP 3: Internet Configuration
The NBG-418N offers three Internet connection types. They are Ethernet, PPP over Ethernet or
PPTP. The wizard attempts to detect which WAN connection type you are using. If the wizard does
not detect a connection type, you must select one from the drop-down list box. Check with your ISP
to make sure you use the correct type.
This wizard screen varies according to the connection type that you select.
Figure 12 Wizard Step 3: ISP Parameters.
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Chapter 3 Connection Wizard
The following table describes the labels in this screen,
Table 6 Wizard Step 3: ISP Parameters
CONNECTION TYPE
DESCRIPTION
Ethernet
Select the Ethernet option when the WAN port is used as a regular Ethernet.
PPPoE
Select the PPP over Ethernet option for a dial-up connection. If your ISP gave
you an IP address and/or subnet mask, then select PPTP.
PPTP
Select the PPTP option for a dial-up connection.
3.4.1 Ethernet Connection
Choose Ethernet when the WAN port is used as a regular Ethernet. Continue to Section 3.4.4 on
page 28.
Figure 13 Wizard Step 3: Ethernet Connection
3.4.2 PPPoE Connection
Point-to-Point Protocol over Ethernet (PPPoE) functions as a dial-up connection. PPPoE is an IETF
(Internet Engineering Task Force) standard specifying how a host personal computer interacts with
a broadband modem (for example DSL, cable, wireless, etc.) to achieve access to high-speed data
networks.
For the service provider, PPPoE offers an access and authentication method that works with existing
access control systems (for instance, RADIUS).
One of the benefits of PPPoE is the ability to let end users access one of multiple network services,
a function known as dynamic service selection. This enables the service provider to easily create
and offer new IP services for specific users.
Operationally, PPPoE saves significant effort for both the subscriber and the ISP/carrier, as it
requires no specific configuration of the broadband modem at the subscriber’s site.
By implementing PPPoE directly on the NBG-418N (rather than individual computers), the
computers on the LAN do not need PPPoE software installed, since the NBG-418N does that part of
the task. Furthermore, with NAT, all of the LAN's computers will have Internet access.
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Chapter 3 Connection Wizard
Figure 14 Wizard Step 3: PPPoE Connection
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 7 Wizard Step 3: PPPoE Connection
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
ISP Parameter for Internet Access
Connection Type
Select the PPP over Ethernet option for a dial-up connection.
Service Name
Type the name of your service provider.
User Name
Type the user name given to you by your ISP.
Password
Type the password associated with the user name above.
Back
Click Back to return to the previous screen.
Next
Click Next to continue.
Exit
Click Exit to close the wizard screen without saving.
3.4.3 PPTP Connection
Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol (PPTP) is a network protocol that enables transfers of data from a
remote client to a private server, creating a Virtual Private Network (VPN) using TCP/IP-based
networks.
PPTP supports on-demand, multi-protocol, and virtual private networking over public networks,
such as the Internet.
Refer to the appendix for more information on PPTP.
Note: The NBG-418N supports one PPTP server connection at any given time.
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Chapter 3 Connection Wizard
Figure 15 Wizard Step 3: PPTP Connection
The following table describes the fields in this screen
Table 8 Wizard Step 3: PPTP Connection
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
ISP Parameters for Internet Access
Connection Type
Select PPTP from the drop-down list box. To configure a PPTP client, you must
configure the User Name and Password fields for a PPP connection and the PPTP
parameters for a PPTP connection.
User Name
Type the user name given to you by your ISP.
Password
Type the password associated with the User Name above.
PPTP Configuration
Server IP Address
Type the IP address of the PPTP server.
Get automatically
from ISP
Select this radio button if your ISP did not assign you a fixed IP address.
Use fixed IP address
Select this radio button, provided by your ISP to give the NBG-418N a fixed, unique IP
address.
My IP Address
Type the (static) IP address assigned to you by your ISP.
My IP Subnet
Mask
Type the subnet mask assigned to you by your ISP (if given).
My IP Gateway
Type the gateway IP address assigned to you by your ISP (if given).
Back
Click Back to return to the previous screen.
Next
Click Next to continue.
Exit
Click Exit to close the wizard screen without saving.
3.4.4 Your IP Address
The following wizard screen allows you to assign a fixed IP address or give the NBG-418N an
automatically assigned IP address depending on your ISP.
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Chapter 3 Connection Wizard
Figure 16 Wizard Step 3: Your IP Address
The following table describes the labels in this screen
Table 9 Wizard Step 3: Your IP Address
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
Get automatically from
your ISP
Select this option If your ISP did not assign you a fixed IP address. This is the
default selection. If you choose this option, skip directly to Section 3.4.9 on page
31.
Use fixed IP address
provided by your ISP
Select this option if you were given IP address and/or DNS server settings by the
ISP. The fixed IP address should be in the same subnet as your broadband modem
or router.
Back
Click Back to return to the previous screen.
Next
Click Next to continue.
Exit
Click Exit to close the wizard screen without saving.
3.4.5 WAN IP Address Assignment
Every computer on the Internet must have a unique IP address. If your networks are isolated from
the Internet, for instance, only between your two branch offices, you can assign any IP addresses
to the hosts without problems. However, the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) has
reserved the following three blocks of IP addresses specifically for private networks.
Table 10 Private IP Address Ranges
10.0.0.0
10.255.255.255
172.16.0.0
172.31.255.255
192.168.0.0
192.168.255.255
You can obtain your IP address from the IANA, from an ISP or have it assigned by a private
network. If you belong to a small organization and your Internet access is through an ISP, the ISP
can provide you with the Internet addresses for your local networks. On the other hand, if you are
part of a much larger organization, you should consult your network administrator for the
appropriate IP addresses.
Note: Regardless of your particular situation, do not create an arbitrary IP address;
always follow the guidelines above. For more information on address assignment,
please refer to RFC 1597, Address Allocation for Private Internets and RFC 1466,
Guidelines for Management of IP Address Space.
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Chapter 3 Connection Wizard
3.4.6 IP Address and Subnet Mask
Similar to the way houses on a street share a common street name, so too do computers on a LAN
share one common network number.
Where you obtain your network number depends on your particular situation. If the ISP or your
network administrator assigns you a block of registered IP addresses, follow their instructions in
selecting the IP addresses and the subnet mask.
If the ISP did not explicitly give you an IP network number, then most likely you have a single user
account and the ISP will assign you a dynamic IP address when the connection is established. The
Internet Assigned Number Authority (IANA) reserved this block of addresses specifically for private
use; please do not use any other number unless you are told otherwise. Let's say you select
192.168.1.0 as the network number; which covers 254 individual addresses, from 192.168.1.1 to
192.168.1.254 (zero and 255 are reserved). In other words, the first three numbers specify the
network number while the last number identifies an individual computer on that network.
Once you have decided on the network number, pick an IP address that is easy to remember, for
instance, 192.168.1.1, for your NBG-418N, but make sure that no other device on your network is
using that IP address.
The subnet mask specifies the network number portion of an IP address. Your NBG-418N will
compute the subnet mask automatically based on the IP address that you entered. You don't need
to change the subnet mask computed by the NBG-418N unless you are instructed to do otherwise.
3.4.7 DNS Server Address Assignment
Use DNS (Domain Name System) to map a domain name to its corresponding IP address and vice
versa, for instance, the IP address of www.zyxel.com is 204.217.0.2. The DNS server is extremely
important because without it, you must know the IP address of a computer before you can access
it.
The NBG-418N can get the DNS server addresses in the following ways.
The ISP tells you the DNS server addresses, usually in the form of an information sheet, when you
sign up. If your ISP gives you DNS server addresses, enter them in the DNS Server fields in the
Wizard and/or WAN > Internet Connection screen.
If the ISP did not give you DNS server information, leave the DNS Server fields set to 0.0.0.0 in
the Wizard screen and/or set to From ISP in the WAN > Internet Connection screen for the
ISP to dynamically assign the DNS server IP addresses.
3.4.8 WAN IP and DNS Server Address Assignment
The following wizard screen allows you to assign a fixed WAN IP address and DNS server addresses.
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Chapter 3 Connection Wizard
Figure 17 Wizard Step 3: WAN IP and DNS Server Addresses
The following table describes the labels in this screen
Table 11 Wizard Step 3: WAN IP and DNS Server Addresses
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
WAN IP Address Assignment
My WAN IP Address
Enter your WAN IP address in this field. The WAN IP address should be in the
same subnet as your DSL/Cable modem or router.
My WAN IP Subnet Mask
Enter the IP subnet mask in this field.
Gateway IP Address
Enter the gateway IP address in this field.
System DNS Server Address Assignment (if applicable)
DNS (Domain Name System) is for mapping a domain name to its corresponding IP address and vice versa.
The DNS server is extremely important because without it, you must know the IP address of a computer
before you can access it. The NBG-418N uses a system DNS server (in the order you specify here) to resolve
domain names for DDNS and the time server.
First DNS Server
Enter the DNS server's IP address in the fields provided.
Second DNS Server
If you do not configure a system DNS server, you must use IP addresses when
configuring DDNS and the time server.
Back
Click Back to return to the previous screen.
Next
Click Next to continue.
Exit
Click Exit to close the wizard screen without saving.
3.4.9 WAN MAC Address
Every Ethernet device has a unique MAC (Media Access Control) address. The MAC address is
assigned at the factory and consists of six pairs of hexadecimal characters, for example,
00:A0:C5:00:00:02.
This screen allows users to configure the WAN port's MAC address by either using the NBG-418N’s
MAC address, copying the MAC address of the computer from which you are configuring the NBG418N or manually entering a MAC address. Once it is successfully configured, the address will be
copied to configuration file. It is advisable to clone the MAC address from a computer on your LAN
even if your ISP does not presently require MAC address authentication.
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Chapter 3 Connection Wizard
Figure 18 Wizard Step 3: WAN MAC Address
The following table describes the fields in this screen.
Table 12 Wizard Step 3: WAN MAC Address
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
Factory Default
Select Factory Default to use the factory assigned default MAC address.
Clone the
computer's MAC
address - MAC
Address
Select this option to clone the MAC address of the computer (displaying in the screen)
from which you are configuring the NBG-418N. It is advisable to clone the MAC address
from a computer on your LAN even if your ISP does not presently require MAC address
authentication.
Set WAN MAC
Address
Select this option and enter the MAC address you want to use.
Back
Click Back to return to the previous screen.
Next
Click Next to continue.
Exit
Click Exit to close the wizard screen without saving.
3.5 Connection Wizard Complete
Click Apply to complete the wizard setup.
Figure 19 Connection Wizard Complete
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Chapter 3 Connection Wizard
Well done! You have successfully set up your NBG-418N to operate on your network and access the
Internet.
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Chapter 3 Connection Wizard
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NBG-418N User’s Guide
C HAPT ER
Modes
4.1 Overview
You can set up the NBG-418N with other IEEE 802.11b/g/n compatible devices in different device
modes.
Note: Choose your device mode carefully to avoid having to change it later. The NBG418N automatically restarts when you change modes.
The default LAN IP address of the NBG-418N in Router mode is 192.168.1.1. The
default IP address of the NBG-418N in other modes is 192.168.1.2.
• Router: Use this mode if you want to use routing functions such as LAN DHCP, NAT, firewall and
so on on the NBG-418N (N). The NBG-418N has separate LAN and WAN network IP addresses.
Connect the WAN port to an Internet Access Device (IAD) such as a broadband modem.
LEW
Figure 20 Router
WLAN
WAN
LAN
IAD
• Access Point: Use this mode if you already have a Router (R) in your network and you want to
set up a wireless network and bridge the wired and wireless connections on the NBG-416N.
LEW
Figure 21 AP Mode
WLAN
WAN
LAN
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Chapter 4 Modes
• Universal Repeater: In this mode, the NBG-418N (N) can be an access point and a wireless
client at the same time. Use this mode if there is an existing wireless router or access point in
your network and you want the NBG-418N (N) to wirelessly relay communications from its
wireless clients to the access point.
LEW
Figure 22 Universal Repeater
WLAN
AP
• Client Bridge: Use this mode if there is an existing wireless router or access point (AP) in the
network to which you want to connect your NBG-418N (N) wirelessly. You should know the SSID
and wireless security details of the wireless router or access point to which you want to connect.
LEW
Figure 23 Client Bridge
AP
4.2 Setting your NBG-418N to Router Mode
The NBG-418N is set to wireless router mode by default. If it was changed and now you want to set
it back, do the following procedure.
36
Connect your computer to the LAN port of the NBG-418N.
The default LAN IP address of the NBG-418N is 192.168.1.1 in router mode (192.168.1.2 by default
in non-router mode). In router mode, the NBG-418N can assign your computer an IP address, so
you must set your computer to get an IP address automatically (computer factory default) or give it
a fixed IP address in the range between 192.168.1.3 and 192.168.1.254.
After you’ve set your computer’s IP address, open a web browser such as Internet Explorer and
type the IP address of the NBG-418N as the web address in your web browser.
Log into the Web Configurator. See the Chapter 2 on page 17 for instructions on how to do this.
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Chapter 4 Modes
Go to Maintenance > Sys OP Mode > General and select Router.
Figure 24 Maintenance > Sys OP Mode > Router
A pop-up window appears providing information on this mode. Click OK in the pop-up message
window. Click Apply.
Note: Wait while the NBG-418N restarts, then log in to the Web Configurator again. The
NBG-418N IP address is now 192.168.1.1.
4.2.1 Status Screen (Router Mode)
The screen below shows the status screen in Router mode.
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Chapter 4 Modes
Figure 25 Status Screen (Router Mode)
The following table describes the icons shown in the Status screen.
Table 13 Status Screen Icon Key
ICON
DESCRIPTION
Click this icon to open the setup wizard.
Click this icon to view copyright and a link for related product information.
Click this icon at any time to exit the Web Configurator.
Select a number of seconds or None from the drop-down list box to refresh all
screen statistics automatically at the end of every time interval or to not refresh
the screen statistics.
Click this button to refresh the status screen statistics.
The following table describes the labels shown in the Status screen in Router mode.
Table 14 Web Configurator Status Screen (Router Mode)
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
Device Information
System Name
38
This is the System Name you enter in the Maintenance > System >
General screen. It is for identification purposes.
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Table 14 Web Configurator Status Screen (Router Mode) (continued)
LABEL
Firmware Version
DESCRIPTION
This is the current firmware version of the NBG-418N.
WAN Information
- MAC Address
This shows the WAN Ethernet adapter MAC Address of your device.
- Connection Type
This shows the current connection type.
- IP Address
This shows the WAN port’s IP address.
- IP Subnet Mask
This shows the WAN port’s subnet mask.
- Gateway
This shows the WAN port’s gateway IP address.
- DNS
This shows the IP address of your DNS server.
LAN Information
- MAC Address
This shows the LAN Ethernet adapter MAC Address of your device.
- IP Address
This shows the LAN port’s IP address.
- IP Subnet Mask
This shows the LAN port’s subnet mask.
- DHCP
This shows the LAN port’s DHCP role - Server or None.
WLAN Information
- MAC Address
This shows the wireless adapter MAC Address of your device.
- Status
This shows the current status of the Wireless LAN - On, Off or Off by
scheduler.
- Name (SSID)
This shows a descriptive name used to identify the NBG-418N in the wireless
LAN.
- Channel
This shows the channel number which you select manually or the NBG-418N
automatically scans and selects.
- Operating Channel
This shows the channel number which the NBG-418N is currently using over
the wireless LAN.
- Security Mode
This shows the level of wireless security the NBG-418N is using.
- 802.11 Mode
This shows the wireless standard.
- WPS
This displays Configured when the WPS has been set up.
This displays Unconfigured if the WPS has not been set up.
Click the status to display Network > Wireless LAN > WPS screen.
System Status
Operation Mode
This field shows the device operation mode: Router, Access Point, Client
Bridge or Universal Repeater.
System Up Time
This is the total time the NBG-418N has been on.
Current Date/Time
This field displays your NBG-418N’s present date and time.
System Resource
- CPU Usage
This displays what percentage of the NBG-418N’s processing ability is currently
used. When this percentage is close to 100%, the NBG-418N is running at full
load, and the throughput is not going to improve anymore. If you want some
applications to have more throughput, you should turn off other applications.
- Memory Usage
This shows what percentage of the heap memory the NBG-418N is using.
System Setting
- Firewall
This shows whether the firewall is active or not.
- UPnP
This shows whether UPnP is active or not.
Interface Status
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Table 14 Web Configurator Status Screen (Router Mode) (continued)
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
Interface
This displays the NBG-418N port types. The port types are: WAN, LAN and
WLAN.
Status
For the LAN and WAN ports, this field displays Down (line is down) or Up (line
is up or connected).
For the WLAN, it displays Up when the WLAN is enabled or Down when the
WLAN is disabled.
Rate
For the LAN ports, this displays the port speed and duplex setting or NA when
the line is disconnected.
For the WAN port, it displays the port speed and duplex setting if you’re using
Ethernet encapsulation and Idle (line (ppp) idle), Dial (starting to trigger a
call) and Drop (dropping a call) if you're using PPPoE or PPTP encapsulation.
This field displays NA when the line is disconnected.
For the WLAN, it displays the maximum transmission rate when the WLAN is
enabled and NA when the WLAN is disabled.
Summary
DHCP Table
Use this screen to view current DHCP client information.
Packet Statistics
Use this screen to view port status and packet specific statistics.
WLAN Station Status
Use this screen to view the wireless stations that are currently associated to
the NBG-418N.
4.2.1.1 Summary: DHCP Table
DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol, RFC 2131 and RFC 2132) allows individual clients to
obtain TCP/IP configuration at start-up from a server. You can configure the NBG-418N’s LAN as a
DHCP server or disable it. When configured as a server, the NBG-418N provides the TCP/IP
configuration for the clients. If DHCP service is disabled, you must have another DHCP server on
that network, or else the computer must be manually configured.
Click the DHCP Table (Details...) hyperlink in the Status screen. Read-only information here
relates to your DHCP status. The DHCP table shows current DHCP client information (including IP
Address, Host Name and MAC Address) of all network clients using the NBG-418N’s DHCP
server.
Figure 26 Summary: DHCP Table
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 15 Summary: DHCP Table
40
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
This is the index number of the host computer.
IP Address
This field displays the IP address relative to the # field listed above.
Host Name
This field displays the computer host name.
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Chapter 4 Modes
Table 15 Summary: DHCP Table (continued)
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
MAC Address
This field shows the MAC address of the computer with the name in the Host Name field.
Every Ethernet device has a unique MAC (Media Access Control) address which uniquely
identifies a device. The MAC address is assigned at the factory and consists of six pairs of
hexadecimal characters, for example, 00:A0:C5:00:00:02.
Refresh
Click Refresh to renew the screen.
4.2.1.2 Summary: Packet Statistics
Click the Packet Statistics (Details...) hyperlink in the Status screen. Read-only information
here includes port status, packet specific statistics and the "system up time". The Poll Interval(s)
field is configurable and is used for refreshing the screen.
Figure 27 Summary: Packet Statistics
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 16 Summary: Packet Statistics
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
Port
This is the NBG-418N’s port type.
Status
For the LAN ports, this displays the port speed and duplex setting or Down when the
line is disconnected.
For the WAN port, it displays the port speed and duplex setting if you’re using Ethernet
encapsulation and Idle (line (ppp) idle), Dial (starting to trigger a call) and Drop
(dropping a call) if you're using PPPoE or PPTP encapsulation. This field displays Down
when the line is disconnected.
For the WLAN, it displays the maximum transmission rate when the WLAN is enabled
and Down when the WLAN is disabled.
TxPkts
This is the number of transmitted packets on this port.
RxPkts
This is the number of received packets on this port.
Collisions
This is the number of collisions on this port.
Tx B/s
This displays the transmission speed in bytes per second on this port.
Rx B/s
This displays the reception speed in bytes per second on this port.
System Up Time
This is the total time the NBG-418N has been on.
Poll Interval(s)
Enter the time interval for refreshing statistics in this field.
Set Interval
Click this button to apply the new poll interval you entered in the Poll Interval(s)
field.
Stop
Click Stop to stop refreshing statistics.
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Chapter 4 Modes
4.2.1.3 Summary: WLAN Station Status
Click the WLAN Station Status (Details...) hyperlink in the Status screen. View the wireless
stations that are currently associated to the NBG-418N in the Association List. Association means
that a wireless client (for example, your network or computer with a wireless network card) has
connected successfully to the AP (or wireless router) using the same SSID, channel and security
settings.
Figure 28 Summary: WLAN Station Status
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 17 Summary: WLAN Station Status
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
This is the index number of an associated wireless station.
MAC Address
This field displays the MAC address of an associated wireless station.
Association Time
This field displays the time a wireless station first associated with the NBG-418N’s
WLAN network.
Refresh
Click Refresh to reload the list.
4.2.2 Router Mode Navigation Panel
Use the menu in the navigation panel menus to configure NBG-418N features in Router Mode.
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Chapter 4 Modes
Figure 29 Menus: Router Mode
The following table describes the sub-menus.
Table 18 Menus: Router Mode
LINK
TAB
Status
FUNCTION
This screen shows the NBG-418N’s general device, system and interface
status information. Use this screen to access the wizard, and summary
statistics tables.
Network
Wireless
LAN
General
Use this screen to configure wireless LAN.
MAC Filter
Use the MAC filter screen to configure the NBG-418N to block access to
devices or block the devices from accessing the NBG-418N.
Advanced
This screen allows you to configure advanced wireless settings.
QoS
Use this screen to configure Wi-Fi Multimedia Quality of Service (WMM
QoS). WMM QoS allows you to prioritize wireless traffic according to the
delivery requirements of individual services.
WPS
Use this screen to configure WPS.
WPS Station
Use this screen to add a wireless station using WPS.
Scheduling
Use this screen to schedule the times the Wireless LAN is enabled.
WAN
Internet
Connection
This screen allows you to configure ISP parameters, WAN IP address
assignment, DNS servers and the WAN MAC address.
LAN
IP
Use this screen to configure LAN IP address and subnet mask.
DHCP
Server
General
Use this screen to enable the NBG-418N’s DHCP server.
Advanced
Use this screen to assign IP addresses to specific individual computers
based on their MAC addresses and to have DNS servers assigned by the
DHCP server.
Client List
Use this screen to view current DHCP client information and to always
assign an IP address to a MAC address (and host name).
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Chapter 4 Modes
Table 18 Menus: Router Mode (continued)
LINK
TAB
FUNCTION
General
Use this screen to enable NAT.
Application
Use this screen to configure servers behind the NBG-418N.
General
Use this screen to configure Dynamic DNS, a service that allows you to
map a fixed domain name to a non-fixed IP address.
General
Use this screen to activate/deactivate the firewall.
Services
Use this screen to enable or disable ICMP and VPN passthrough features.
Remote
MGMT
WWW
Use this screen to configure through which interface(s) and from which IP
address(es) users can use HTTP to manage the NBG-418N.
UPnP
General
Use this screen to enable UPnP on the NBG-418N.
General
Use this screen to view and change administrative settings such as system
and domain names, password and inactivity timer.
Time Setting
Use this screen to change your NBG-418N’s time and date.
Logs
View Log
Use this screen to view the logs for the categories that you selected.
Tools
Firmware
Use this screen to upload firmware to your NBG-418N.
Configuration
Use this screen to backup and restore the configuration or reset the factory
defaults to your NBG-418N.
Restart
This screen allows you to reboot the NBG-418N without turning the power
off.
Sys OP
Mode
General
This screen allows you to select the device operation mode.
Language
Language
This screen allows you to select the language you prefer.
NAT
DDNS
Security
Firewall
Management
Maintenance
System
4.3 Setting your NBG-418N to AP Mode
44
Connect your computer to the LAN port of the NBG-418N.
The default LAN IP address of the NBG-418N is 192.168.1.1 in router mode (192.168.1.2 by default
in non-router mode). In router mode, the NBG-418N can assign your computer an IP address, so
you must set your computer to get an IP address automatically (computer factory default) or give it
a fixed IP address in the range between 192.168.1.3 and 192.168.1.254.
After you’ve set your computer’s IP address, open a web browser such as Internet Explorer and
type the IP address of the NBG-418N as the web address in your web browser.
Log into the Web Configurator. See the Chapter 2 on page 17 for instructions on how to do this.
Go to Maintenance > Sys OP Mode > General and select Access Point.
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Chapter 4 Modes
Figure 30 Maintenance > Sys OP Mode > AP
A pop-up window appears providing information on this mode. Click OK in the pop-up message
window. Click Apply. Your NBG-418N is now in AP Mode.
Note: Wait while the NBG-418N restarts, then log in to the Web Configurator again.
4.3.1 Status Screen (AP Mode)
Click on Status. The screen below shows the status screen in AP Mode.
Figure 31 Status Screen (AP Mode)
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Chapter 4 Modes
The following table describes the labels shown in the Status screen.
Table 19 Status Screen (AP Mode)
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
Device Information
System Name
This is the System Name you enter in the Maintenance > System > General
screen. It is for identification purposes.
Firmware Version
This is the current firmware version of the NBG-418N.
LAN Information
- MAC Address
This shows the LAN Ethernet adapter MAC Address of your device.
- IP Address
This shows the LAN port’s IP address.
- IP Subnet Mask
This shows the LAN port’s subnet mask.
- DHCP
This shows the LAN port’s DHCP role - None.
WLAN Information
- MAC Address
This shows the wireless adapter MAC Address of your device.
- Status
This shows the current status of the Wireless LAN - On, Off, or Off by scheduler.
- Name (SSID)
This shows a descriptive name used to identify the NBG-418N in the wireless LAN.
- Channel
This shows the channel number which you select manually or the NBG-418N
automatically scans and selects.
- Operating Channel
This shows the channel number which the NBG-418N is currently using over the
wireless LAN.
- Security Mode
This shows the level of wireless security the NBG-418N is using.
- 802.11 Mode
This shows the IEEE 802.11 standard that the NBG-418N supports. Wireless clients
must support the same standard in order to be able to connect to the NBG-418N
- WPS
This shows the WPS (WiFi Protected Setup) Status. Click the status to display
Network > Wireless LAN > WPS screen.
System Status
Operation Mode
This field shows the device operation mode: Router, Access Point, Client Bridge
or Universal Repeater.
System Up Time
This is the total time the NBG-418N has been on.
Current Date/Time
This field displays your NBG-418N’s present date and time.
System Resource
- CPU Usage
This displays what percentage of the NBG-418N’s processing ability is currently
used. When this percentage is close to 100%, the NBG-418N is running at full load,
and the throughput is not going to improve anymore. If you want some applications
to have more throughput, you should turn off other applications.
- Memory Usage
This shows what percentage of the heap memory the NBG-418N is using.
Interface Status
Interface
This displays the NBG-418N port types. The port types are: LAN and WLAN.
Status
For the LAN port, this field displays Down (line is down) or Up (line is up or
connected).
For the WLAN, it displays Up when the WLAN is enabled or Down when the WLAN is
disabled.
Rate
For the LAN ports, this displays the port speed and duplex setting or N/A when the
line is disconnected.
For the WLAN, it displays the maximum transmission rate when the WLAN is
enabled and N/A when the WLAN is disabled.
Summary
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Table 19 Status Screen (AP Mode) (continued)
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
Packet Statistics
Use this screen to view port status and packet specific statistics.
WLAN Station
Status
Use this screen to view the wireless stations that are currently associated to the
NBG-418N.
4.3.2 AP Navigation Panel
Use the menu in the navigation panel to configure NBG-418N features in AP Mode.
The following screen and table show the features you can configure in AP Mode.
Figure 32 Menu: AP Mode
The following table describes the sub-menus.
Table 20 Menu: AP Mode
LINK
TAB
Status
FUNCTION
This screen shows the NBG-418N’s general device, system and interface
status information. Use this screen to access the wizard, and summary
statistics tables.
Network
Wireless LAN
LAN
General
Use this screen to configure wireless LAN.
MAC Filter
Use the MAC filter screen to configure the NBG-418N to block access to
devices or block the devices from accessing the NBG-418N.
Advanced
This screen allows you to configure advanced wireless settings.
QoS
Use this screen to configure Wi-Fi Multimedia Quality of Service (WMM
QoS). WMM QoS allows you to prioritize wireless traffic according to the
delivery requirements of individual services.
WPS
Use this screen to configure WPS.
WPS Station
Use this screen to add a wireless station using WPS.
Scheduling
Use this screen to schedule the times the Wireless LAN is enabled.
IP
Use this screen to configure LAN IP address and subnet mask.
General
Use this screen to view and change administrative settings such as
system and domain names, password and inactivity timer.
Time Setting
Use this screen to change your NBG-418N’s time and date.
Maintenance
System
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Chapter 4 Modes
Table 20 Menu: AP Mode (continued)
LINK
TAB
FUNCTION
Logs
View Log
Use this screen to view the logs for the categories that you selected.
Tools
Firmware
Use this screen to upload firmware to your NBG-418N.
Configuration
Use this screen to backup and restore the configuration or reset the
factory defaults to your NBG-418N.
Restart
This screen allows you to reboot the NBG-418N without turning the power
off.
Sys OP Mode
General
This screen allows you to select the device operation mode: Router,
Access Point, Client Bridge or Universal Repeater.
Language
Language
This screen allows you to select the language you prefer.
4.4 Setting your NBG-418N to Universal Repeater Mode
Connect your computer to the LAN port of the NBG-418N.
The default LAN IP address of the NBG-418N is 192.168.1.1 in router mode (192.168.1.2 by default
in non-router mode). In router mode, the NBG-418N can assign your computer an IP address, so
you must set your computer to get an IP address automatically (computer factory default) or give it
a fixed IP address in the range between 192.168.1.3 and 192.168.1.254.
After you’ve set your computer’s IP address, open a web browser such as Internet Explorer and
type the IP address of the NBG-418N as the web address in your web browser.
Log into the Web Configurator. See the Chapter 2 on page 17 for instructions on how to do this.
Go to Maintenance > Sys OP Mode > General and select Universal Repeater.
Figure 33 Maintenance > Sys OP Mode > Universal Repeater
48
A pop-up window window appears providing information on this mode. Click OK in the pop-up
message window. Click Apply. Your NBG-418N is now in Universal Repeater mode.
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Chapter 4 Modes
Note: Wait while the NBG-418N restarts, then log in to the Web Configurator again.
4.4.1 Status Screen (Universal Repeater Mode)
Click on Status. The screen below shows the status screen in Universal Repeater Mode.
Figure 34 Status Screen (Universal Repeater Mode)
The following table describes the labels shown in the Status screen.
Table 21 Status Screen (Universal Repeater Mode)
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
Device Information
System Name
This is the System Name you enter in the Maintenance > System >
General screen. It is for identification purposes.
Firmware Version
This is the current firmware version of the NBG-418N.
LAN Information
- MAC Address
This shows the LAN Ethernet adapter MAC Address of your device.
- IP Address
This shows the LAN port’s IP address.
- IP Subnet Mask
This shows the LAN port’s subnet mask.
- DHCP
This shows the LAN port’s DHCP role.
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Chapter 4 Modes
Table 21 Status Screen (Universal Repeater Mode) (continued)
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
WLAN AP Information
- MAC Address
This shows the wireless adapter MAC Address of your device.
- Status
This shows the current status of the Wireless LAN - On, Off, or Off by
scheduler.
- SSID
This shows a descriptive name used to identify the NBG-418N in the wireless
LAN.
- Channel
This shows the channel number which you select manually or the NBG-418N
automatically scans and selects.
- Operating Channel
This shows the channel number which the NBG-418N is currently using over
the wireless LAN.
- Security Mode
This shows the level of wireless security the NBG-418N is using.
- 802.11 Mode
This shows the IEEE 802.11 standard that the NBG-418N supports. Wireless
clients must support the same standard in order to be able to connect to the
NBG-418N
- WPS
This shows the WPS (WiFi Protected Setup) Status. Click the link to display
Network > Wireless LAN > WPS screen.
WLAN STA Information
- SSID
This is the name of the selected AP that the NBG-418N is associating with.
- Security Mode
This shows the wireless security the NBG-418N is using to connect to the AP.
- Connection Status
This shows whether the NBG-418N is currently associated with the selected AP.
System Status
Operation Mode
This field shows the device operation mode: Router, Access Point, Client
Bridge or Universal Repeater.
System Up Time
This is the total time the NBG-418N has been on.
Current Date/Time
This field displays your NBG-418N’s present date and time.
System Resource
- CPU Usage
This displays what percentage of the NBG-418N’s processing ability is currently
used. When this percentage is close to 100%, the NBG-418N is running at full
load, and the throughput is not going to improve anymore. If you want some
applications to have more throughput, you should turn off other applications.
- Memory Usage
This shows what percentage of the heap memory the NBG-418N is using.
Interface Status
Interface
This displays the NBG-418N port types. The port types are: LAN and WLAN.
Status
For the LAN port, this field displays Down (line is down) or Up (line is up or
connected).
For the WLAN, it displays Up when the WLAN is enabled or Down when the
WLAN is disabled.
Rate
For the LAN ports, this displays the port speed and duplex setting or N/A when
the line is disconnected.
For the WLAN, it displays the maximum transmission rate when the WLAN is
enabled and N/A when the WLAN is disabled.
Summary
50
Packet Statistics
Use this screen to view port status and packet specific statistics.
WLAN Station Status
Use this screen to view the wireless stations that are currently associated to
the NBG-418N.
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Chapter 4 Modes
4.4.2 Universal Repeater Navigation Panel
Use the menu in the navigation panel to configure NBG-418N features in Universal Repeater
Mode.
The following screen and table show the features you can configure in Universal Repeater Mode.
Figure 35 Menu: Universal Repeater Mode
The following table describes the sub-menus.
Table 22 Menu: Universal Repeater Mode
LINK
TAB
Status
FUNCTION
This screen shows the NBG-418N’s general device, system and interface
status information. Use this screen to access the wizard, and summary
statistics tables.
Network
WLAN
LAN
AP Select
Use this screen to choose an access point that you want the NBG-418N to
connect to. You should know the security settings of the target AP.
General
Use this screen to configure wireless LAN.
MAC Filter
Use the MAC filter screen to configure the NBG-418N to block access to
devices or block the devices from accessing the NBG-418N.
Advanced
This screen allows you to configure advanced wireless settings.
QoS
Use this screen to configure Wi-Fi Multimedia Quality of Service (WMM
QoS). WMM QoS allows you to prioritize wireless traffic according to the
delivery requirements of individual services.
WPS
Use this screen to configure WPS.
WPS Station
Use this screen to add a wireless station using WPS.
Scheduling
Use this screen to schedule the times the Wireless LAN is enabled.
IP
Use this screen to configure LAN IP address and subnet mask.
General
Use this screen to view and change administrative settings such as
system and domain names, password and inactivity timer.
Time Setting
Use this screen to change your NBG-418N’s time and date.
View Log
Use this screen to view the logs for the categories that you selected.
Maintenance
System
Logs
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Chapter 4 Modes
Table 22 Menu: Universal Repeater Mode (continued)
LINK
TAB
FUNCTION
Firmware
Use this screen to upload firmware to your NBG-418N.
Configuration
Use this screen to backup and restore the configuration or reset the
factory defaults to your NBG-418N.
Restart
This screen allows you to reboot the NBG-418N without turning the power
off.
Sys OP Mode
General
This screen allows you to select the device operation mode: Router,
Access Point, Client Bridge or Universal Repeater.
Language
Language
This screen allows you to select the language you prefer.
Tools
4.5 Setting your NBG-418N to Client Bridge Mode
Connect your computer to the LAN port of the NBG-418N.
The default LAN IP address of the NBG-418N is 192.168.1.1 in router mode (192.168.1.2 by default
in non-router mode). In router mode, the NBG-418N can assign your computer an IP address, so
you must set your computer to get an IP address automatically (computer factory default) or give it
a fixed IP address in the range between 192.168.1.3 and 192.168.1.254.
After you’ve set your computer’s IP address, open a web browser such as Internet Explorer and
type the IP address of the NBG-418N as the web address in your web browser.
Log into the Web Configurator. See the Chapter 2 on page 17 for instructions on how to do this.
Go to Maintenance > Sys OP Mode > General and select Client Bridge.
Figure 36 Maintenance > Sys OP Mode > Client Bridge
52
A pop-up window appears providing information on this mode. Click OK in the pop-up message
window. Click Apply. Your NBG-418N is now in Client Bridge mode.
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Chapter 4 Modes
Note: Wait while the NBG-418N restarts, then log in to the Web Configurator again.
4.5.1 Status Screen (Client Bridge Mode)
Click on Status. The screen below shows the status screen in Client Bridge Mode.
Figure 37 Status Screen (Client Bridge Mode)
The following table describes the labels shown in the Status screen.
Table 23 Status Screen (Client Bridge Mode)
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
Device Information
System Name
This is the System Name you enter in the Maintenance > System >
General screen. It is for identification purposes.
Firmware Version
This is the current firmware version of the NBG-418N.
WLAN Information
- SSID
This is the name of the selected AP that the NBG-418N is associating with.
- Operating Channel
This shows the channel that is used to connect to the selected AP.
- Security Mode
This shows the wireless security the NBG-418N is using to connect to the AP.
- Connection Status
This shows whether the NBG-418N is currently associated with the selected AP.
LAN Information
- MAC Address
This shows the LAN Ethernet adapter MAC Address of your device.
- IP Address
This shows the LAN port’s IP address.
- IP Subnet Mask
This shows the LAN port’s subnet mask.
- DHCP
This shows the LAN port’s DHCP role - None.
System Status
Operation Mode
This field shows the device operation mode: Router, Access Point, Client
Bridge or Universal Repeater.
System Up Time
This is the total time the NBG-418N has been on.
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Chapter 4 Modes
Table 23 Status Screen (Client Bridge Mode) (continued)
LABEL
Current Date/Time
DESCRIPTION
This field displays your NBG-418N’s present date and time.
System Resource
- CPU Usage
This displays what percentage of the NBG-418N’s processing ability is currently
used. When this percentage is close to 100%, the NBG-418N is running at full
load, and the throughput is not going to improve anymore. If you want some
applications to have more throughput, you should turn off other applications.
- Memory Usage
This shows what percentage of the heap memory the NBG-418N is using.
Interface Status
Interface
This displays the NBG-418N port types. The port types are: LAN and WLAN.
Status
For the LAN port, this field displays Down (line is down) or Up (line is up or
connected).
For the WLAN, it displays Up when the WLAN is enabled or Down when the
WLAN is disabled.
Rate
For the LAN ports, this displays the port speed and duplex setting or N/A when
the line is disconnected.
For the WLAN, it displays the maximum transmission rate when the WLAN is
enabled and N/A when the WLAN is disabled.
Summary
Packet Statistics
Use this screen to view port packet statistics.
4.5.2 Client Bridge Navigation Panel
Use the menu in the navigation panel to configure NBG-418N features in Client Bridge Mode.
The following screen and table show the features you can configure in Client Bridge Mode.
Figure 38 Menu: Client Bridge Mode
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The following table describes the sub-menus.
Table 24 Menu: Client Bridge Mode
LINK
TAB
Status
FUNCTION
This screen shows the NBG-418N’s general device, system and interface
status information. Use this screen to access the wizard, and summary
statistics tables.
Network
WLAN
AP Select
Use this screen to choose an access point that you want the NBG-418N to
connect to. You should know the security settings of the target AP.
WLAN
Information
Use this screen to view the SSID and security of the selected AP wireless
network.
Advanced
Use this screen to configure advanced wireless settings.
IP
Use this screen to configure LAN IP address and subnet mask.
General
Use this screen to view and change administrative settings such as
system and domain names, password and inactivity timer.
Time Setting
Use this screen to change your NBG-418N’s time and date.
Logs
View Log
Use this screen to view the logs for the categories that you selected.
Tools
Firmware
Use this screen to upload firmware to your NBG-418N.
Configuration
Use this screen to backup and restore the configuration or reset the
factory defaults to your NBG-418N.
Restart
This screen allows you to reboot the NBG-418N without turning the power
off.
Sys OP Mode
General
This screen allows you to select whether your device acts as a Router,
Access Point, Client Bridge or Universal Repeater.
Language
Language
This screen allows you to select the language you prefer.
LAN
Maintenance
System
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Tutorials
5.1 Overview
This chapter provides tutorials for your NBG-418N as follows:
• How to Connect to the Internet from an AP
• Configure Wireless Security Using WPS on both your NBG-418N and Wireless Client
• Enable and Configure Wireless Security without WPS on your NBG-418N
5.2 How to Connect to the Internet from an AP
This section gives you an example of how to set up an access point (AP) and wireless client (a
notebook, B in this example) for wireless communication. B can access the Internet through the AP
wirelessly.
Figure 39 Wireless AP Connection to the Internet
AP
5.2.1 Configure Wireless Security Using WPS on both your NBG-418N and
Wireless Client
This section gives you an example of how to set up wireless network using WPS. This example uses
the NBG-418N as the AP and NWD210N as the wireless client which connects to a notebook.
Note: The wireless client must be a WPS-aware device (for example, a WPS USB adapter
or PCI card).
There are two WPS methods for creating a secure connection. This tutorial shows you how to do
both.
• Push Button Configuration (PBC) - create a secure wireless network simply by pressing a
button. See Section 5.2.1.1 on page 58.This is the easier method.
• PIN Configuration - create a secure wireless network simply by entering a wireless client's PIN
(Personal Identification Number) in the NBG-418N’s interface. See Section 5.2.1.2 on page 59.
This is the more secure method, since one device can authenticate the other.
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Chapter 5 Tutorials
5.2.1.1 Push Button Configuration (PBC)
Make sure that your NBG-418N is turned on and that it is within range of your computer.
Make sure that you have installed the wireless client (this example uses the NWD210N) driver and
utility in your notebook.
In the wireless client utility, find the WPS settings. Enable WPS and press the WPS button (Start or
WPS button)
Log into NBG-418N’s Web Configurator and press Push Button in the Network > Wireless LAN >
WPS Station screen.
Note: Your NBG-418N has a WPS button located on its panel, as well as a WPS button in
its configuration utility. Both buttons have exactly the same function; you can use
one or the other.
Note: It doesn’t matter which button is pressed first. You must press the second button
within two minutes of pressing the first one.
The NBG-418N sends the proper configuration settings to the wireless client. This may take up to
two minutes. Then the wireless client is able to communicate with the NBG-418N securely.
The following figure shows you an example to set up wireless network and security by pressing a
button on both NBG-418N and wireless client (the NWD210N in this example).
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Figure 40 Example WPS Process: PBC Method
NBG-418N
Wireless Client
WITHIN 2 MINUTES
SECURITY INFO
COMMUNICATION
5.2.1.2 PIN Configuration
When you use the PIN configuration method, you need to use both NBG-418N’s configuration
interface and the client’s utilities.
Launch your wireless client’s configuration utility. Go to the WPS settings and select the PIN method
to get a PIN number.
Enter the PIN number to the PIN field in the Network > Wireless LAN > WPS Station screen on
the NBG-418N.
Click the Start buttons (or button next to the PIN field) on both the wireless client utility screen and
the NBG-418N’s WPS Station screen within two minutes.
The NBG-418N authenticates the wireless client and sends the proper configuration settings to the
wireless client. This may take up to two minutes. Then the wireless client is able to communicate
with the NBG-418N securely.
The following figure shows you the example to set up wireless network and security on NBG-418N
and wireless client (ex. NWD210N in this example) by using PIN method.
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Chapter 5 Tutorials
Figure 41 Example WPS Process: PIN Method
Wireless Client
NBG-418N
WITHIN 2 MINUTES
Authentication by PIN
SECURITY INFO
COMMUNICATION
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5.3 Enable and Configure Wireless Security without WPS
on your NBG-418N
This example shows you how to configure wireless security settings with the following parameters
on your NBG-418N.
SSID
SSID_Example3
Channel
Security
WPA-PSK
(Pre-Shared Key: ThisismyWPA-PSKpre-sharedkey)
Follow the steps below to configure the wireless settings on your NBG-418N.
The instructions require that your hardware is connected (see the Quick Start Guide) and you are
logged into the Web Configurator through your LAN connection (see Section 2.2 on page 17).
Open the Wireless LAN > General screen in the NBG-418N’s Web Configurator.
Make sure the Enable Wireless LAN check box is selected.
Enter SSID_Example3 as the SSID and select a channel.
Set security mode to WPA-PSK and enter ThisismyWPA-PSKpre-sharedkey in the Pre-Shared
Key field. Click Apply.
Figure 42 Tutorial: Network > Wireless LAN > General
Open the Status screen. Verify your wireless and wireless security settings under Device
Information and check if the WLAN connection is up under Interface Status.
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Chapter 5 Tutorials
Figure 43 Tutorial: Status Screen
5.3.0.1 Configure Your Notebook
Note: We use the ZyXEL M-302 wireless adapter utility screens as an example for the
wireless client. The screens may vary for different models.
62
The NBG-418N supports IEEE 802.11b, IEEE 802.11g and IEEE 802.11n wireless clients. Make sure
that your notebook or computer’s wireless adapter supports one of these standards.
Wireless adapters come with software sometimes called a “utility” that you install on your
computer. See your wireless adapter’s User’s Guide for information on how to do that.
After you’ve installed the utility, open it. If you cannot see your utility’s icon on your screen, go to
Start > Programs and click on your utility in the list of programs that appears. The utility displays
a list of APs within range, as shown in the example screen below.
Select SSID_Example3 and click Connect.
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Figure 44 Connecting a Wireless Client to a Wireless Network t
Select WPA-PSK and type the security key in the following screen. Click Next.
Figure 45 Security Settings
The Confirm Save window appears. Check your settings and click Save to continue.
Figure 46 Confirm Save
Check the status of your wireless connection in the screen below. If your wireless connection is
weak or you have no connection, see the Troubleshooting section of this User’s Guide.
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Chapter 5 Tutorials
Figure 47 Link Status
If your connection is successful, open your Internet browser and enter http://www.zyxel.com or the
URL of any other web site in the address bar. If you are able to access the web site, your wireless
connection is successfully configured.
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Technical Reference
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C HAPT ER
Wireless LAN
6.1 Overview
This chapter discusses how to configure the wireless network settings in your NBG-418N. See the
appendices for more detailed information about wireless networks.
The following figure provides an example of a wireless network.
Figure 48 Example of a Wireless Network
The wireless network is the part in the blue circle. In this wireless network, devices A and B are
called wireless clients. The wireless clients use the access point (AP) to interact with other devices
(such as the printer) or with the Internet. Your NBG-418N is the AP in the above example.
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Chapter 6 Wireless LAN
6.2 What You Can Do
Wireless screens vary according to the device mode you are using.
Wireless Screen
General
MAC Filter
Advanced
QoS
WPS
WPS Station
Scheduling
AP Select
Router







Access Point







Universal Repeater








WLAN Info
Client Bridge



See Chapter 4 on page 35 for more information on device modes.
• Use the General screen to enable the Wireless LAN, enter the SSID and select the wireless
security mode (Section 6.4 on page 70).
• Use the MAC Filter screen to allow or deny wireless stations based on their MAC addresses from
connecting to the NBG-418N (Section 6.5 on page 75).
• Use the Advanced screen to allow intra-BSS networking and set the RTS/CTS Threshold (Section
6.6 on page 76).
• Use the QoS screen to enable Wifi MultiMedia Quality of Service (WMMQoS). This allows the
NBG-418N to automatically set priority levels to services, such as e-mail, VoIP, chat, and so on
(Section 6.7 on page 78).
• Use the WPS screen to quickly set up a wireless network with strong security, without having to
configure security settings manually (Section 6.8 on page 79).
• Use the WPS Station screen to add a wireless station using WPS (Section 6.9 on page 80).
• Use the Scheduling screen to set the times your wireless LAN is turned on and off (Section 6.10
on page 81).
• Use the AP Select screen to choose an access point that you want the NBG-418N (in universal
repeater or client bridge mode) to connect to. You should know the security settings of the target
AP.
• Use the WLAN Info screen to view the SSID and security of the selected AP wireless network.
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6.3 What You Should Know
Every wireless network must follow these basic guidelines.
• Every wireless client in the same wireless network must use the same SSID.
The SSID is the name of the wireless network. It stands for Service Set IDentity.
• If two wireless networks overlap, they should use different channels.
Like radio stations or television channels, each wireless network uses a specific channel, or
frequency, to send and receive information.
• Every wireless client in the same wireless network must use security compatible with the AP.
Security stops unauthorized devices from using the wireless network. It can also protect the
information that is sent in the wireless network.
6.3.1 Wireless Security Overview
The following sections introduce different types of wireless security you can set up in the wireless
network.
6.3.1.1 SSID
Normally, the AP acts like a beacon and regularly broadcasts the SSID in the area. You can hide the
SSID instead, in which case the AP does not broadcast the SSID. In addition, you should change
the default SSID to something that is difficult to guess.
This type of security is fairly weak, however, because there are ways for unauthorized devices to
get the SSID. In addition, unauthorized devices can still see the information that is sent in the
wireless network.
6.3.1.2 MAC Address Filter
Every wireless client has a unique identification number, called a MAC address.1 A MAC address is
usually written using twelve hexadecimal characters2; for example, 00A0C5000002 or
00:A0:C5:00:00:02. To get the MAC address for each wireless client, see the appropriate User’s
Guide or other documentation.
You can use the MAC address filter to tell the AP which wireless clients are allowed or not allowed to
use the wireless network. If a wireless client is allowed to use the wireless network, it still has to
have the correct settings (SSID, channel, and security). If a wireless client is not allowed to use the
wireless network, it does not matter if it has the correct settings.
This type of security does not protect the information that is sent in the wireless network.
Furthermore, there are ways for unauthorized devices to get the MAC address of an authorized
wireless client. Then, they can use that MAC address to use the wireless network.
1.
Some wireless devices, such as scanners, can detect wireless networks but cannot use wireless networks. These kinds
of wireless devices might not have MAC addresses.
2.
Hexadecimal characters are 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, A, B, C, D, E, and F.
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Chapter 6 Wireless LAN
6.3.1.3 Encryption
Wireless networks can use encryption to protect the information that is sent in the wireless
network. Encryption is like a secret code. If you do not know the secret code, you cannot
understand the message.
Table 25 Types of Encryption for Each Type of Authentication
NO AUTHENTICATION
Weakest
No Security
Static WEP
WPA-PSK
Strongest
WPA2-PSK
For example, if users do not log in to the wireless network, you can choose no encryption, Static
WEP, WPA-PSK, or WPA2-PSK.
Usually, you should set up the strongest encryption that every wireless client in the wireless
network supports. Suppose the wireless network has two wireless clients. Device A only supports
WEP, and device B supports WEP and WPA-PSK. Therefore, you should set up Static WEP in the
wireless network.
Note: It is recommended that wireless networks use WPA-PSK, or stronger encryption.
IEEE 802.1x and WEP encryption are better than none at all, but it is still possible
for unauthorized devices to figure out the original information pretty quickly.
When you select WPA2-PSK in your NBG-418N, you can also select an option (WPA Compatible)
to support WPA-PSK as well. In this case, if some wireless clients support WPA-PSK and some
support WPA2-PSK, you should set up WPA2-PSK and select the WPA Compatible option in the
NBG-418N.
Many types of encryption use a key to protect the information in the wireless network. The longer
the key, the stronger the encryption. Every wireless client in the wireless network must have the
same key.
6.3.1.4 WPS
WiFi Protected Setup (WPS) is an industry standard specification, defined by the WiFi Alliance. WPS
allows you to quickly set up a wireless network with strong security, without having to configure
security settings manually. Depending on the devices in your network, you can either press a
button (on the device itself, or in its configuration utility) or enter a PIN (Personal Identification
Number) in the devices. Then, they connect and set up a secure network by themselves. See how
to set up a secure wireless network using WPS in the Section 5.2.1 on page 57.
6.4 General Wireless LAN Screen
Use this screen to enable the Wireless LAN, enter the SSID and select the wireless security mode.
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Note: If you are configuring the NBG-418N from a computer connected to the wireless
LAN and you change the NBG-418N’s SSID, channel or security settings, you will
lose your wireless connection when you press Apply to confirm. You must then
change the wireless settings of your computer to match the NBG-418N’s new
settings.
Click Network > Wireless LAN to open the General screen.
Figure 49 Network > Wireless LAN > General (Router or Access Point Mode)
Figure 50 Network > Wireless LAN > General (Universal Repeater Mode)
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The following table describes the general wireless LAN labels in this screen.
Table 26 Network > Wireless LAN > General
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
WLAN STA
Information
This section is available only when the NBG-418N is in universal repeater mode. This shows
the wireless and security settings of the selected AP wireless network.
SSID
This displays the Service Set IDentity of the wireless device to which you are connecting.
Security Mode
This displays the type of security configured on the wireless device to which you are
connecting.
Operating
Channel
This displays the channel used by the wireless device to which you are connecting.
WLAN AP
Information /
Wireless Setup
Use this section to configure the wireless settings between the NBG-418Nand its wireless
clients.
Enable
Wireless LAN
Click the check box to activate wireless LAN.
Name(SSID)
(Service Set IDentity) The SSID identifies the Service Set with which a wireless station is
associated. Wireless stations associating to the access point (AP) must have the same SSID.
Enter a descriptive name (up to 32 printable 7-bit ASCII characters) for the wireless LAN.
Hide SSID
Select this check box to hide the SSID in the outgoing beacon frame so a station cannot
obtain the SSID through scanning using a site survey tool.
Channel
Selection
Set the operating frequency/channel depending on your particular region.
Select a channel from the drop-down list box. The options vary depending on the frequency
band and the country you are in.
Refer to the Connection Wizard chapter for more information on channels. This option is only
available if Auto Channel Selection is disabled.
Auto Channel
Selection
Select this option for the NBG-418N to automatically choose the channel with the least
interference. Deselect this option if you wish to manually select the channel using the
Channel Selection field.
Operating
Channel
This displays the channel the NBG-418N is currently using.
Channel Width
Select whether the NBG-418N uses a wireless channel width of 20MHz, 40MHz or Auto
20/40MHz. A standard 20MHz channel offers transfer speeds of up to 150Mbps whereas a
40MHz channel uses two standard channels and offers speeds of up to 300 Mbps. Because
not all devices support 40MHz channels, select Auto 20/40MHz to allow the NBG-418N to
adjust the channel bandwidth automatically.
Security
Use this section to configure the wireless security between the NBG-418N and its wireless
clients.
Security Mode
Select Static WEP, WPA-PSK or WPA2-PSK to add security on this wireless network. The
wireless clients which want to associate to this network must have same wireless security
settings as this device. After you select to use a security, additional options appears in this
screen. See 6.4.2 and 6.4.3 sections. Or you can select No Security to allow any client to
associate this network without authentication.
Apply
Click Apply to save your changes back to the NBG-418N.
Reset
Click Reset to reload the previous configuration for this screen.
See the rest of this chapter for information on the other labels in this screen.
6.4.1 No Security
Select No Security to allow wireless stations to communicate with the access points without any
data encryption.
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Note: If you do not enable any wireless security on your NBG-418N, your network is
accessible to any wireless networking device that is within range.
Figure 51 Network > Wireless LAN > General: No Security
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 27 Network > Wireless LAN > General: No Security
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
Security Mode
Choose No Security from the drop-down list box.
Apply
Click Apply to save your changes back to the NBG-418N.
Reset
Click Reset to reload the previous configuration for this screen.
6.4.2 WEP Encryption
WEP encryption scrambles the data transmitted between the wireless stations and the access points
to keep network communications private. It encrypts unicast and multicast communications in a
network. Both the wireless stations and the access points must use the same WEP key.
Your NBG-418N allows you to configure up to four 64-bit or 128-bit WEP keys but only one key can
be enabled at any one time.
In order to configure and enable WEP encryption; click Network > Wireless LAN to display the
General screen. Select Static WEP from the Security Mode list.
Figure 52 Network > Wireless LAN > General: Static WEP
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The following table describes the wireless LAN security labels in this screen.
Table 28 Network > Wireless LAN > General: Static WEP
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
Security Mode
Choose Static WEP from the drop-down list box.
WEP Encryption
Select 64-bit WEP or 128-bit WEP to enable data encryption.
Authentication
Method
Select Auto, Open System or Shared Key from the drop-down list box.
This field specifies whether the wireless clients have to provide the WEP key to login to the
wireless client. Keep this setting at Auto or Open System unless you want to force a key
verification before communication between the wireless client and the ZyXEL Device
occurs. Select Shared Key to force the clients to provide the WEP key prior to
communication.
ASCII
Select this option in order to enter ASCII characters as WEP key.
Hex
Select this option in order to enter hexadecimal characters as a WEP key.
The preceding "0x", that identifies a hexadecimal key, is entered automatically.
Key 1 to Key 4
The WEP keys are used to encrypt data. Both the NBG-418N and the wireless stations
must use the same WEP key for data transmission.
If you chose 64-bit WEP, then enter any 5 ASCII characters or 10 hexadecimal characters
("0-9", "A-F").
If you chose 128-bit WEP, then enter 13 ASCII characters or 26 hexadecimal characters
("0-9", "A-F").
You must configure at least one key, only one key can be activated at any one time. The
default key is key 1.
Apply
Click Apply to save your changes back to the NBG-418N.
Reset
Click Reset to reload the previous configuration for this screen.
6.4.3 WPA-PSK/WPA2-PSK
Click Network > Wireless LAN to display the General screen. Select WPA-PSK or WPA2-PSK
from the Security Mode list.
Figure 53 Network > Wireless LAN > General: WPA-PSK/WPA2-PSK
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The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 29 Network > Wireless LAN > General: WPA-PSK/WPA2-PSK
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
Security Mode
Choose WPA-PSK or WPA2-PSK from the drop-down list box.
WPA Compatible
This option is available only when you select WPA2-PSK in the Security Mode field.
Select this option to have both WPA2 and WPA wireless clients be able to communicate
with the NBG-418N even when the NBG-418N is using WPA2-PSK.
Cipher Type
Select the encryption type (TKIP, AES or TKIP+AES) for data encryption.
Select AES if your wireless clients can all use AES. Otherwise, select TKIP or select
TKIP+AES to allow the wireless clients to use either TKIP or AES.
Pre-Shared Key
WPA-PSK/WPA2-PSK uses a simple common password for authentication.
Type a pre-shared key from 8 to 63 case-sensitive ASCII characters (including spaces
and symbols).
Type a pre-shared key less than 64 case-sensitive HEX characters ("0-9", "A-F").
Group Key
Update Timer
The Group Key Update Timer is the rate at which the AP (if using WPA-PSK/WPA2PSK key management) or RADIUS server (if using WPA/WPA2 key management) sends
a new group key out to all clients. The re-keying process is the WPA/WPA2 equivalent of
automatically changing the WEP key for an AP and all stations in a WLAN on a periodic
basis. Setting of the Group Key Update Timer is also supported in WPA-PSK/WPA2PSK mode.
Apply
Click Apply to save your changes back to the NBG-418N.
Reset
Click Reset to reload the previous configuration for this screen.
6.5 MAC Filter
The MAC filter screen allows you to configure the NBG-418N to give exclusive access to up to 16
devices (Allow) or exclude up to 16 devices from accessing the NBG-418N (Deny). Every Ethernet
device has a unique MAC (Media Access Control) address. The MAC address is assigned at the
factory and consists of six pairs of hexadecimal characters, for example, 00:A0:C5:00:00:02. You
need to know the MAC address of the devices to configure this screen.
To change your NBG-418N’s MAC filter settings, click Network > Wireless LAN > MAC Filter. The
screen appears as shown.
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Figure 54 Network > Wireless LAN > MAC Filter
The following table describes the labels in this menu.
Table 30 Network > Wireless LAN > MAC Filter
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
Active
Select Yes from the drop down list box to enable MAC address filtering.
Filter Action
Define the filter action for the list of MAC addresses in the MAC Address table.
Select Deny to block access to the NBG-418N, MAC addresses not listed will be allowed to
access the NBG-418N.
Select Allow to permit access to the NBG-418N, MAC addresses not listed will be denied
access to the NBG-418N.
Set
This is the index number of the MAC address.
MAC Address
Enter the MAC addresses of the wireless station that are allowed or denied access to the
NBG-418N in these address fields. Enter the MAC addresses in a valid MAC address format,
that is, six hexadecimal character pairs, for example, 12:34:56:78:9a:bc.
Apply
Click Apply to save your changes back to the NBG-418N.
Reset
Click Reset to reload the previous configuration for this screen.
6.6 Wireless LAN Advanced Screen
Use this screen to allow intra-BSS networking and set the RTS/CTS Threshold.
Click Network > Wireless LAN > Advanced. The screen appears as shown.
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Figure 55 Network > Wireless LAN > Advanced (Universal Repeater Mode)
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 31 Network > Wireless LAN > Advanced
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
Wireless Advanced Setup
RTS/CTS
Threshold
Data with its frame size larger than this value will perform the RTS (Request To Send)/
CTS (Clear To Send) handshake.
Enter a value between 0 and 2347.
Fragmentation
Threshold
The threshold (number of bytes) for the fragmentation boundary for directed messages.
It is the maximum data fragment size that can be sent. Enter an even number between
256 and 2346.
Beacon Interval
When a wirelessly networked device sends a beacon, it includes with it a beacon interval.
This specifies the time period before the device sends the beacon again. The interval tells
receiving devices on the network how long they can wait in low-power mode before
waking up to handle the beacon. This value can be set from 20 to 1024 ms. A high value
helps save current consumption of the access point.
DTIM Period
Delivery Traffic Indication Message (DTIM) is the time period after which broadcast and
multicast packets are transmitted to mobile clients in the Active Power Management
mode. A high DTIM value can cause clients to lose connectivity with the network. This
value can be set from 1 to 10.
Preamble Type
A preamble affects the timing in your wireless network. There are two preamble modes:
long and short. If a device uses a different preamble mode than the NBG-418N does, it
cannot communicate with the NBG-418N.
CTS Protection
When set to None, the NBG-418N protects wireless communication against interference.
Select Auto to let the NBG-418N determine whether to turn this feature on or off in the
current environment.
Tx Power
NBG-418N User’s Guide
This field controls the transmission power of the NBG-418N. When using the NBG-418N
with a notebook computer, select a lower transmission power level when you are close to
the AP in order to conserve battery power.
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Table 31 Network > Wireless LAN > Advanced (continued)
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
Extension Channel
If you select 40 MHz or Auto 20/40MHz as your Channel Bandwidth in the Wireless
LAN > General screen, the extension channel enables the NBG-419N to get higher data
throughput. This also lowers radio interference and traffic.
Aggregation
Message Protocol Data Unit (MPDU) aggregation collects Ethernet frames along with their
802.11n headers and wraps them in a 802.11n MAC header. This method is useful for
increasing bandwidth throughput in environments that are prone to high error rates.
Mac Service Data Unit (MSDU) aggregation collects Ethernet frames without any of their
802.11n headers and wraps the header-less payload in a single 802.11n MAC header.
This method is useful for increasing bandwidth throughput. It is also more efficient than
A-MPDU except in environments that are prone to high error rates.
Short GI
Select Enable to use Short GI (Guard Interval). The guard interval is the gap introduced
between data transmission from users in order to reduce interference. Reducing the GI
increases data transfer rates but also increases interference. Increasing the GI reduces
data transfer rates but also reduces interference.
Enable Intra-BSS
Traffic
A Basic Service Set (BSS) exists when all communications between wireless clients or
between a wireless client and a wired network client go through one access point (AP).
Intra-BSS traffic is traffic between wireless clients in the BSS. When Intra-BSS is
enabled, wireless client A and B can access the wired network and communicate with
each other. When Intra-BSS is disabled, wireless client A and B can still access the wired
network but cannot communicate with each other.
WLAN STA setting
overwrites WLAN
AP setting
This field is available only when the NBG-418N is in universal repeater mode.
Select Enabled to have the NBG-418N copy the SSID and wireless security settings of
the associated AP, and use them for wireless connections between the NBG-418N and its
wireless clients.
Otherwise, select Disabled to configure different wireless and security settings for
wireless connections between the NBG-418N and its wireless clients.
Apply
Click Apply to save your changes to the NBG-418N.
Reset
Click Reset to reload the previous configuration for this screen.
6.7 Quality of Service (QoS) Screen
Use the QoS screen to enable Wifi MultiMedia Quality of Service (WMMQoS). This allows the NBG418N to automatically set priority levels to services, such as e-mail, VoIP, chat, and so on.
Click Network > Wireless LAN > QoS. The following screen appears.
Figure 56 Network > Wireless LAN > QoS
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The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 32 Network > Wireless LAN > QoS
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
Enable WMM QoS
Check this to have the NBG-418N automatically give a service a priority level
according to the ToS value in the IP header of packets it sends. WMM QoS (Wifi
MultiMedia Quality of Service) gives high priority to voice and video, which makes
them run more smoothly.
Apply
Click Apply to save your changes to the NBG-418N.
Reset
Click Reset to reload the previous configuration for this screen.
6.8 WPS Screen
Use this screen to enable/disable WPS, view or generate a new PIN number and check current WPS
status. To open this screen, click Network > Wireless LAN > WPS tab.
Figure 57 Network > Wireless LAN > WPS
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 33 Network > Wireless LAN > WPS
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
WPS Setup
Enable WPS
Select this to enable the WPS feature.
PIN Number
This displays a PIN number last time system generated. Click Generate to generate a
new PIN number.
WPS Status
Status
This displays Configured when the NBG-418N has connected to a wireless network using
WPS or when Enable WPS is selected and wireless or wireless security settings have
been changed. The current wireless and wireless security settings also appear in the
screen.
This displays Unconfigured if WPS is disabled and there are no wireless or wireless
security changes on the NBG-418N or you click Release_Configuration to remove the
configured wireless and wireless security settings.
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Table 33 Network > Wireless LAN > WPS (continued)
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
Release
Configuration
This button is only available when the WPS status displays Configured.
Click this button to remove all configured wireless and wireless security settings for WPS
connections on the NBG-418N.
Apply
Click Apply to save your changes back to the NBG-418N.
Refresh
Click Refresh to get this screen information afresh.
6.9 WPS Station Screen
Use this screen when you want to add a wireless station using WPS. To open this screen, click
Network > Wireless LAN > WPS Station tab.
Note: Note: After you click Push Button on this screen, you have to press a similar
button in the wireless station utility within 2 minutes. To add the second wireless
station, you have to press these buttons on both device and the wireless station
again after the first 2 minutes.
Figure 58 Network > Wireless LAN > WPS Station
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 34 Network > Wireless LAN > WPS Station
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
Push Button
Use this button when you use the PBC (Push Button Configuration) method to configure
wireless stations’s wireless settings. See Section 5.2.1.1 on page 58.
Click this to start WPS-aware wireless station scanning and the wireless security
information synchronization.
Or input station’s
PIN number
Use this button when you use the PIN Configuration method to configure wireless station’s
wireless settings. See Section 5.2.1.2 on page 59.
Type the same PIN number generated in the wireless station’s utility. Then click Start to
associate to each other and perform the wireless security information synchronization.
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6.10 Scheduling Screen
Use this screen to set the times your wireless LAN is turned on and off. Wireless LAN scheduling is
disabled by default. The wireless LAN can be scheduled to turn on or off on certain days and at
certain times. To open this screen, click Network > Wireless LAN > Scheduling tab.
Figure 59 Network > Wireless LAN > Scheduling
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 35 Network > Wireless LAN > Scheduling
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
Enable Wireless
LAN Scheduling
Select this to enable Wireless LAN scheduling.
Action
Select On or Off to specify whether the Wireless LAN is turned on or off. This field works
in conjunction with the Day and Except for the following times fields.
Day
Select Everyday or the specific days to turn the Wireless LAN on or off. If you select
Everyday you can not select any specific days. This field works in conjunction with the
Except for the following times field.
Except for the
following times
Select a begin time using the first set of hour and minute (min) drop down boxes and
select an end time using the second set of hour and minute (min) drop down boxes. If
you have chosen On earlier for the WLAN Status the Wireless LAN will turn off between
the two times you enter in these fields. If you have chosen Off earlier for the WLAN Status
the Wireless LAN will turn on between the two times you enter in these fields.
Note: Entering the same begin time and end time will mean the whole day.
Apply
Click Apply to save your changes back to the NBG-418N.
Reset
Click Reset to reload the previous configuration for this screen.
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6.11 AP Select Screen
Use this screen to choose an access point that you want the NBG-418N (in universal repeater or
client bridge mode) to connect to. You should know the security settings of the target AP.
To open this screen, click Network > Wireless LAN > AP Select tab.
Figure 60 Network > Wireless LAN > AP Select
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 36 Network > Wireless LAN > AP Select
82
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
Select
Use the radio button to select the wireless device to which you want to connect.
SSID
This displays the Service Set IDentity of the wireless device. The SSID is a unique name
that identifies a wireless network. All devices in a wireless network must use the same
SSID.
BSSID
This displays the MAC address of the wireless device.
Channel
This displays the channel number used by this wireless device.
Mode
This displays which IEEE 802.11b/g/n wireless networking standards the wireless device
supports.
Security Mode
This displays the type of security configured on the wireless device. OPEN means no
security is configured and you can connect to it without a password.
Strength
This displays the strength of the wireless signal. The signal strength mainly depends on
the antenna output power and the distance between your NBG-418N and this device.
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Table 36 Network > Wireless LAN > AP Select (continued)
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
Refresh
Click this button to search for available wireless devices within transmission range and
update this table.
Connect
Click this button to associate to the selected wireless device.
6.12 WLAN Info Screen
Use this screen to view the SSID and security of the selected AP wireless network when the NBG418N is in client bridge mode. To open this screen, click Network > Wireless LAN > WLAN Info
tab.
Figure 61 Network > Wireless LAN > WLAN Info
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 37 Network > Wireless LAN > WLAN Info
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
WLAN
SSID
This displays the Service Set IDentity of the selected wireless device.
Security Mode
This displays the type of security configured on the selected wireless device.
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WAN
7.1 Overview
This chapter discusses the NBG-418N’s WAN screens. Use these screens to configure your NBG418N for Internet access.
A WAN (Wide Area Network) connection is an outside connection to another network or the
Internet. It connects your private networks (such as a LAN (Local Area Network) and other
networks, so that a computer in one location can communicate with computers in other locations.
Figure 62 LAN and WAN
See the chapter about the connection wizard for more information on the fields in the WAN screens.
7.2 What You Need To Know
The information in this section can help you configure the screens for your WAN connection, as well
as enable/disable some advanced features of your NBG-418N.
7.2.1 Configuring Your Internet Connection
Encapsulation Method
Encapsulation is used to include data from an upper layer protocol into a lower layer protocol. To set
up a WAN connection to the Internet, you need to use the same encapsulation method used by your
ISP (Internet Service Provider). If your ISP offers a dial-up Internet connection using PPPoE (PPP
over Ethernet) or PPTP (Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol), they should also provide a username
and password (and service name) for user authentication.
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WAN IP Address
The WAN IP address is an IP address for the NBG-418N, which makes it accessible from an outside
network. It is used by the NBG-418N to communicate with other devices in other networks. It can
be static (fixed) or dynamically assigned by the ISP each time the NBG-418N tries to access the
Internet.
If your ISP assigns you a static WAN IP address, they should also assign you the subnet mask and
DNS server IP address(es) (and a gateway IP address if you use the Ethernet or ENET ENCAP
encapsulation method).
DNS Server Address Assignment
Use Domain Name System (DNS) to map a domain name to its corresponding IP address and vice
versa, for instance, the IP address of www.zyxel.com is 204.217.0.2. The DNS server is extremely
important because without it, you must know the IP address of a computer before you can access
it.
The NBG-418N can get the DNS server addresses in the following ways.
The ISP tells you the DNS server addresses, usually in the form of an information sheet, when you
sign up. If your ISP gives you DNS server addresses, manually enter them in the DNS server fields.
If your ISP dynamically assigns the DNS server IP addresses (along with the NBG-418N’s WAN IP
address), set the DNS server fields to get the DNS server address from the ISP.
WAN MAC Address
The MAC address screen allows users to configure the WAN port's MAC address by either using the
factory default or cloning the MAC address from a computer on your LAN. Choose Factory Default
to select the factory assigned default MAC Address.
Otherwise, click Clone the computer's MAC address - IP Address and enter the IP address of
the computer on the LAN whose MAC you are cloning. Once it is successfully configured, the
address will be copied to configuration file. It is recommended that you clone the MAC address prior
to hooking up the WAN Port.
7.3 Internet Connection
Use this screen to change your NBG-418N’s Internet access settings. Click Network > WAN. The
screen differs according to the encapsulation you choose.
7.3.1 Ethernet Encapsulation
This screen displays when you select Ethernet encapsulation.
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Figure 63 Network > WAN > Internet Connection: Ethernet Encapsulation
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 38 Network > WAN > Internet Connection: Ethernet Encapsulation
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
ISP Parameters for Internet Access
Connection Type
You must choose the Ethernet option when the WAN port is used as a regular Ethernet.
WAN IP Address Assignment
Get automatically
from ISP
Select this option If your ISP did not assign you a fixed IP address. This is the default
selection.
Use fixed IP
Address
Select this option If the ISP assigned a fixed IP address.
IP Address
Enter your WAN IP address in this field if you selected Use Fixed IP Address.
IP Subnet
Mask
Enter the IP Subnet Mask in this field.
Gateway IP
Address
Enter a Gateway IP Address (if your ISP gave you one) in this field.
MTU Auto
Select Auto if you want to have the Maximum Transmission Unit (MTU) automatically
configured. Select Manual if you want to enter the MTU manually in the field below.
MTU
Enter the MTU or the largest packet size per frame that your NBG-418N can receive and
process.
DNS Servers
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Table 38 Network > WAN > Internet Connection: Ethernet Encapsulation (continued)
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
First DNS Server
Select From ISP if your ISP dynamically assigns DNS server information (and the NBG418N’s WAN IP address). The field to the right displays the (read-only) DNS server IP
address that the ISP assigns.
Second DNS
Server
Select User-Defined if you have the IP address of a DNS server. Enter the primary and
secondary DNS server's IP address in the fields to the right.
WAN MAC Address
The MAC address section allows users to configure the WAN port's MAC address by either
using the NBG-418N’s MAC address, copying the MAC address from a computer on your
LAN or manually entering a MAC address.
Factory default
Select Factory default to use the factory assigned default MAC Address.
Clone the
computer's MAC
address - MAC
Address
Select this option to clone the MAC address of the computer (displaying in the screen)
from which you are configuring the NBG-418N. Once it is successfully configured, the
address will be copied to the rom file. It will not change unless you change the setting or
upload a different ROM file.
Set WAN MAC
Address
Select this option and enter the MAC address you want to use.
Apply
Click Apply to save your changes back to the NBG-418N.
Reset
Click Reset to begin configuring this screen afresh.
7.3.2 PPPoE Encapsulation
The NBG-418N supports PPPoE (Point-to-Point Protocol over Ethernet). PPPoE is an IETF standard
(RFC 2516) specifying how a personal computer (PC) interacts with a broadband modem (DSL,
cable, wireless, etc.) connection. The PPP over Ethernet option is for a dial-up connection using
PPPoE.
For the service provider, PPPoE offers an access and authentication method that works with existing
access control systems (for example Radius).
One of the benefits of PPPoE is the ability to let you access one of multiple network services, a
function known as dynamic service selection. This enables the service provider to easily create and
offer new IP services for individuals.
Operationally, PPPoE saves significant effort for both you and the ISP or carrier, as it requires no
specific configuration of the broadband modem at the customer site.
By implementing PPPoE directly on the NBG-418N (rather than individual computers), the
computers on the LAN do not need PPPoE software installed, since the NBG-418N does that part of
the task. Furthermore, with NAT, all of the LANs’ computers will have access.
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This screen displays when you select PPPoE encapsulation.
Figure 64 Network > WAN > Internet Connection: PPPoE Encapsulation
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 39 Network > WAN > Internet Connection: PPPoE Encapsulation
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
ISP Parameters for Internet Access
Connection Type
Select PPP over Ethernet if you connect to your Internet via dial-up.
Service Name
Type the PPPoE service name provided to you. PPPoE uses a service name to identify and
reach the PPPoE server.
User Name
Type the user name given to you by your ISP.
Password
Type the password associated with the user name above.
Retype to
Confirm
Type your password again to make sure that you have entered is correctly.
MTU Size
Enter the MTU or the largest packet size per frame that your NBG-418N can receive and
process.
Nailed-Up
Connection
Select Nailed-Up Connection if you do not want the connection to time out.
Idle Timeout
This value specifies the time in minutes that elapses before the router automatically
disconnects from the PPPoE server.
DNS Servers
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Table 39 Network > WAN > Internet Connection: PPPoE Encapsulation (continued)
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
First DNS Server
If you do not configure a DNS server, you must know the IP address of a computer in
order to access it.
Second DNS
Server
Select From ISP if your ISP dynamically assigns DNS server information (and the NBG418N’s WAN IP address). The field to the right displays the (read-only) DNS server IP
address that the ISP assigns.
Select User-Defined if you have the IP address of a DNS server. Enter the primary and
secondary DNS server's IP address in the fields to the right.
WAN MAC
Address
The MAC address section allows users to configure the WAN port's MAC address by using
the NBG-418N’s MAC address, copying the MAC address from a computer on your LAN or
manually entering a MAC address.
Factory default
Select Factory default to use the factory assigned default MAC Address.
Clone the
computer's MAC
address - MAC
Address
Select this option to clone the MAC address of the computer (displaying in the screen)
from which you are configuring the NBG-418N. Once it is successfully configured, the
address will be copied to the rom file. It will not change unless you change the setting or
upload a different ROM file.
Set WAN MAC
Address
Select this option and enter the MAC address you want to use.
Apply
Click Apply to save your changes back to the NBG-418N.
Reset
Click Reset to begin configuring this screen afresh.
7.3.3 PPTP Encapsulation
Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol (PPTP) is a network protocol that enables secure transfer of data
from a remote client to a private server, creating a Virtual Private Network (VPN) using TCP/IPbased networks.
PPTP supports on-demand, multi-protocol and virtual private networking over public networks, such
as the Internet.
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This screen displays when you select PPTP encapsulation.
Figure 65 Network > WAN > Internet Connection: PPTP Encapsulation
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 40 Network > WAN > Internet Connection: PPTP Encapsulation
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
ISP Parameters for Internet Access
Connection Type
Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol (PPTP) is a network protocol that enables secure
transfer of data from a remote client to a private server, creating a Virtual Private
Network (VPN) using TCP/IP-based networks. PPTP supports on-demand, multiprotocol, and virtual private networking over public networks, such as the Internet.
The NBG-418N supports only one PPTP server connection at any given time.
To configure a PPTP client, you must configure the User Name and Password fields
for a PPP connection and the PPTP parameters for a PPTP connection.
User Name
Type the user name given to you by your ISP.
Password
Type the password associated with the User Name above.
Retype to Confirm
Type your password again to make sure that you have entered correctly.
MTU Size
Enter the MTU or the largest packet size per frame that your NBG-418N can receive
and process.
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Table 40 Network > WAN > Internet Connection: PPTP Encapsulation (continued)
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
Nailed-up Connection
Select Nailed-Up Connection if you do not want the connection to time out.
Idle Timeout
This value specifies the time in minutes that elapses before the NBG-418N
automatically disconnects from the PPTP server.
PPTP Configuration
Server IP Address
Type the IP address of the PPTP server.
Get automatically
from ISP
Select this option If your ISP did not assign you a fixed IP address. This is the default
selection.
Use fixed IP Address
Select this option If the ISP assigned a fixed IP address.
My WAN IP
Address
Enter your WAN IP address in this field if you selected Use Fixed IP Address.
My IP Subnet
Mask
Your NBG-418N will automatically calculate the subnet mask based on the IP address
that you assign. Unless you are implementing subnetting, use the subnet mask
computed by the NBG-418N.
My IP Gateway
Enter a Gateway IP Address (if your ISP gave you one) in this field.
DNS Servers
First DNS Server
Second DNS Server
If you do not configure a DNS server, you must know the IP address of a computer in
order to access it.
Select From ISP if your ISP dynamically assigns DNS server information (and the
NBG-418N’s WAN IP address). The field to the right displays the (read-only) DNS
server IP address that the ISP assigns.
Select User-Defined if you have the IP address of a DNS server. Enter the primary
and secondary DNS server's IP address in the fields to the right.
WAN MAC Address
The MAC address section allows users to configure the WAN port's MAC address by
either using the NBG-418N’s MAC address, copying the MAC address from a computer
on your LAN or manually entering a MAC address.
Factory default
Select Factory default to use the factory assigned default MAC Address.
Clone the computer's
MAC address - MAC
Address
Select this option to clone the MAC address of the computer (displaying in the screen)
from which you are configuring the NBG-418N. Once it is successfully configured, the
address will be copied to the rom file. It will not change unless you change the setting
or upload a different ROM file.
Set WAN MAC Address Select this option and enter the MAC address you want to use.
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Apply
Click Apply to save your changes back to the NBG-418N.
Reset
Click Reset to begin configuring this screen afresh.
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LAN
8.1 Overview
This chapter describes how to configure LAN settings.
A Local Area Network (LAN) is a shared communication system to which many computers are
attached. A LAN is a computer network limited to the immediate area, usually the same building or
floor of a building. The LAN screens can help you configure a LAN DHCP server, manage IP
addresses, and partition your physical network into logical networks.
Figure 66 LAN Setup
The LAN screens can help you configure a LAN DHCP server and manage IP addresses.
8.2 What You Need To Know
The actual physical connection determines whether the NBG-418N ports are LAN or WAN ports.
There are two separate IP networks, one inside the LAN network and the other outside the WAN
network as shown next.
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Figure 67 LAN and WAN IP Addresses
The LAN parameters of the NBG-418N are preset in the factory with the following values:
• IP address of 192.168.1.1 with subnet mask of 255.255.255.0 (24 bits)
• DHCP server enabled with 32 client IP addresses starting from 192.168.1.33.
These parameters should work for the majority of installations. If your ISP gives you explicit DNS
server address(es), read the embedded Web Configurator help regarding what fields need to be
configured.
8.2.1 IP Pool Setup
The NBG-418N is pre-configured with a pool of 32 IP addresses starting from 192.168.1.33 to
192.168.1.64. This configuration leaves 31 IP addresses (excluding the NBG-418N itself) in the
lower range (192.168.1.2 to 192.168.1.32) for other server computers, for instance, servers for
mail, FTP, TFTP, web, etc., that you may have.
Refer to Section 3.4.6 on page 30 for information on IP Address and Subnet Mask.
8.2.2 LAN TCP/IP
The NBG-418N has built-in DHCP server capability that assigns IP addresses and DNS servers to
systems that support DHCP client capability.
Refer to the Section 3.4.7 on page 30 section for information on System DNS Servers.
8.3 LAN IP Screen
Use this screen to change your basic LAN settings. Click Network > LAN.
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Figure 68 Network > LAN > IP
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 41 Network > LAN > IP
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
IP Address
Type the IP address of your NBG-418N in dotted decimal notation 192.168.1.1 (factory
default).
IP Subnet Mask
The subnet mask specifies the network number portion of an IP address. Your NBG418N will automatically calculate the subnet mask based on the IP address that you
assign. Unless you are implementing subnetting, use the subnet mask computed by the
NBG-418N.
Apply
Click Apply to save your changes back to the NBG-418N.
Reset
Click Reset to begin configuring this screen afresh.
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DHCP Server
9.1 Overview
DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol, RFC 2131 and RFC 2132) allows individual clients to
obtain TCP/IP configuration at start-up from a server. You can configure the NBG-418N’s LAN as a
DHCP server or disable it. When configured as a server, the NBG-418N provides the TCP/IP
configuration for the clients. If DHCP service is disabled, you must have another DHCP server on
your LAN, or else the computer must be manually configured.
9.2 What You Can Do
• Use the General screen to enable the DHCP server (Section 9.4 on page 97).
• Use the Advanced screen to assign IP addresses on the LAN to specific individual computers
based on their MAC Addresses (Section 9.5 on page 98).
• Use the Client List screen to view the current DHCP client information (Section 9.6 on page
100).
9.3 What You Need To Know
Every Ethernet device has a unique MAC (Media Access Control) address. The MAC address is
assigned at the factory and consists of six pairs of hexadecimal characters, for example,
00:A0:C5:00:00:02. Find out the MAC addresses of your network devices if you intend to add them
to the DHCP Client List screen.
Refer to Section 3.4.6 on page 30 for information on IP Address and Subnet Mask.
Refer to the Section 3.4.7 on page 30 section for information on System DNS Servers.
9.4 General Screen
Use this screen to enable the DHCP server. Click Network > DHCP Server. The following screen
displays.
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Figure 69 Network > DHCP Server > General
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 42 Network > DHCP Server > General
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
Enable DHCP Server
Enable or Disable DHCP for LAN.
DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol, RFC 2131 and RFC 2132) allows
individual clients (computers) to obtain TCP/IP configuration at startup from a server.
Leave the Enable DHCP Server check box selected unless your ISP instructs you to
do otherwise. Clear it to disable the NBG-418N acting as a DHCP server. When
configured as a server, the NBG-418N provides TCP/IP configuration for the clients. If
not, DHCP service is disabled and you must have another DHCP server on your LAN,
or else the computers must be manually configured. When set as a server, fill in the
following four fields.
IP Pool Starting
Address
This field specifies the first of the contiguous addresses in the IP address pool for LAN.
Pool Size
This field specifies the size, or count of the IP address pool for LAN.
Apply
Click Apply to save your changes back to the NBG-418N.
Reset
Click Reset to begin configuring this screen afresh.
9.5 Advanced Screen
This screen allows you to assign IP addresses on the LAN to specific individual computers based on
their MAC addresses. You can also use this screen to configure the DNS server information that the
NBG-418N sends to the DHCP clients.
To change your NBG-418N’s static DHCP settings, click Network > DHCP Server > Advanced.
The following screen displays.
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Figure 70 Network > DHCP Server > Advanced
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 43 Network > DHCP Server > Advanced
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
Static DHCP Table
This is the index number of the static IP table entry (row).
MAC Address
Type the MAC address (with colons) of a computer on your LAN.
IP Address
Type the LAN IP address of a computer on your LAN.
DNS Server
DNS Servers
Assigned by DHCP
Server
The NBG-418N passes a DNS (Domain Name System) server IP address (in the order
you specify here) to the DHCP clients. If you do not configure the DNS server, the DHCP
service is disabled and you must have another DHCP sever on your LAN, or else the
computers must have their DNS server addresses manually configured.
First DNS Server
Select From ISP if your ISP dynamically assigns DNS server information (and the NBG418N’s WAN IP address). The field to the right displays the (read-only) DNS server IP
address that the ISP assigns.
Second DNS Server
Select User-Defined if you have the IP address of a DNS server. Enter the DNS server's
IP address in the field to the right. If you chose User-Defined, but leave the IP address
set to 0.0.0.0, User-Defined changes to None after you click Apply. If you set a
second choice to User-Defined, and enter the same IP address, the second UserDefined changes to None after you click Apply.
Select DNS Relay to have the NBG-418N act as a DNS proxy. The NBG-418N's LAN IP
address displays in the field to the right (read-only). The NBG-418N tells the DHCP
clients on the LAN that the NBG-418N itself is the DNS server. When a computer on the
LAN sends a DNS query to the NBG-418N, the NBG-418N forwards the query to the
NBG-418N's system DNS server (configured in the WAN > Internet Connection
screen) and relays the response back to the computer. You can only select DNS Relay
for one of the three servers; if you select DNS Relay for a second or third DNS server,
that choice changes to None after you click Apply.
Apply
Click Apply to save your changes back to the NBG-418N.
Reset
Click Reset to begin configuring this screen afresh.
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9.6 Client List Screen
The DHCP table shows current DHCP client information (including IP Address, Host Name and
MAC Address) of network clients using the NBG-418N’s DHCP servers.
Configure this screen to always assign an IP address to a MAC address (and host name). Click
Network > DHCP Server > Client List.
Note: You can also view a read-only client list by clicking the DHCP Table (Details...)
hyperlink in the Status screen.
The following screen displays.
Figure 71 Network > DHCP Server > Client List
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 44 Network > DHCP Server > Client List
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
This is the index number of the host computer.
IP Address
This field displays the IP address relative to the # field listed above.
Host Name
This field displays the computer host name.
MAC Address
The MAC (Media Access Control) or Ethernet address on a LAN (Local Area Network)
is unique to your computer (six pairs of hexadecimal notation).
A network interface card such as an Ethernet adapter has a hardwired address that is
assigned at the factory. This address follows an industry standard that ensures no
other adapter has a similar address.
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Reserve
Select this check box in the DHCP Setup section to have the NBG-418N always
assign the IP address(es) to the MAC address(es) (and host name(s)). After you click
Apply, the MAC address and IP address also display in the Advanced screen (where
you can edit them).
Apply
Click Apply to save your settings.
Refresh
Click Refresh to reload the DHCP table.
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10
Network Address Translation
10.1 Overview
This chapter discusses how to configure NAT on the NBG-418N.
NAT (Network Address Translation - NAT, RFC 1631) is the translation of the IP address of a host in
a packet. For example, the source address of an outgoing packet, used within one network is
changed to a different IP address known within another network.
Each packet has two addresses – a source address and a destination address. For outgoing packets,
NAT maps private (local) IP addresses to globally unique ones required for communication with
hosts on other networks. It replaces the original IP source address in each packet and then
forwards it to the Internet. The NBG-418N keeps track of the original addresses and port numbers
so incoming reply packets can have their original values restored. The following figure illustrates
this.
Figure 72 NAT Example
A: 192.168.1.33
LAN
FTP, Telnet, SNMP
Ports 21 to 25
WAN
192.168.1.1
B: 192.168.1.34
Port 80
IP address
assigned by ISP
C: 192.168.1.35
For more information on IP address translation, refer to RFC 1631, The IP Network Address
Translator (NAT).
Note: You must create a firewall rule in addition to setting up NAT, to allow traffic from
the WAN to be forwarded through the NBG-418N.
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10.2 What You Can Do
• Use the General screen to enable NAT and set a default server (Section 10.3 on page 103).
• Use the Application screen to change your NBG-418N’s port forwarding settings (Section 10.4
on page 104).
10.2.1 What You Need To Know
The following terms and concepts may help as you read through this chapter.
Inside/Outside
This denotes where a host is located relative to the NBG-418N, for example, the computers of your
subscribers are the inside hosts, while the web servers on the Internet are the outside hosts.
Global/Local
This denotes the IP address of a host in a packet as the packet traverses a router, for example, the
local address refers to the IP address of a host when the packet is in the local network, while the
global address refers to the IP address of the host when the same packet is traveling in the WAN
side.
Note: Inside/outside refers to the location of a host, while global/local refers to the IP
address of a host used in a packet.
An inside local address (ILA) is the IP address of an inside host in a packet when the packet is still
in the local network, while an inside global address (IGA) is the IP address of the same inside host
when the packet is on the WAN side. The following table summarizes this information.
Table 45 NAT Definitions
ITEM
DESCRIPTION
Inside
This refers to the host on the LAN.
Outside
This refers to the host on the WAN.
Local
This refers to the packet address (source or destination) as the packet travels on the LAN.
Global
This refers to the packet address (source or destination) as the packet travels on the WAN.
Note: NAT never changes the IP address (either local or global) of an outside host.
What NAT Does
In the simplest form, NAT changes the source IP address in a packet received from a subscriber
(the inside local address) to another (the inside global address) before forwarding the packet to the
WAN side. When the response comes back, NAT translates the destination address (the inside
global address) back to the inside local address before forwarding it to the original inside host. Note
that the IP address (either local or global) of an outside host is never changed.
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The global IP addresses for the inside hosts can be either static or dynamically assigned by the ISP.
In addition, you can designate servers, for example, a web server and a telnet server, on your local
network and make them accessible to the outside world. If you do not define any servers , NAT
offers the additional benefit of firewall protection. With no servers defined, your NBG-418N filters
out all incoming inquiries, thus preventing intruders from probing your network. For more
information on IP address translation, refer to RFC 1631, The IP Network Address Translator (NAT).
How NAT Works
Each packet has two addresses – a source address and a destination address. For outgoing packets,
the ILA (Inside Local Address) is the source address on the LAN, and the IGA (Inside Global
Address) is the source address on the WAN. For incoming packets, the ILA is the destination
address on the LAN, and the IGA is the destination address on the WAN. NAT maps private (local)
IP addresses to globally unique ones required for communication with hosts on other networks. It
replaces the original IP source address in each packet and then forwards it to the Internet. The
NBG-418N keeps track of the original addresses and port numbers so incoming reply packets can
have their original values restored. The following figure illustrates this.
Figure 73 How NAT Works
10.3 General NAT Screen
Use this screen to enable NAT and set a default server. Click Network > NAT to open the General
screen.
Figure 74 Network > NAT > General
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The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 46 Network > NAT > General
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
NAT Setup
Enable Network
Address
Translation
Network Address Translation (NAT) allows the translation of an Internet protocol address
used within one network (for example a private IP address used in a local network) to a
different IP address known within another network (for example a public IP address used
on the Internet).
Select the check box to enable NAT.
Default Server Setup
Server IP
Address
In addition to the servers for specified services, NAT supports a default server. A default
server receives packets from ports that are not specified in the Application screen.
If you do not assign a Default Server IP address, the NBG-418N discards all packets
received for ports that are not specified in the Application screen or remote
management.
Apply
Click Apply to save your changes back to the NBG-418N.
Reset
Click Reset to begin configuring this screen afresh.
10.4 NAT Application Screen
Use the Application screen to forward incoming service requests to the server(s) on your local
network. You may enter a single port number or a range of port numbers to be forwarded, and the
local IP address of the desired server. The port number identifies a service; for example, web
service is on port 80 and FTP on port 21. In some cases, such as for unknown services or where one
server can support more than one service (for example both FTP and web service), it might be
better to specify a range of port numbers.
In addition to the servers for specified services, NAT supports a default server. A service request
that does not have a server explicitly designated for it is forwarded to the default server. If the
default is not defined, the service request is simply discarded.
Note: Many residential broadband ISP accounts do not allow you to run any server
processes (such as a Web or FTP server) from your location. Your ISP may
periodically check for servers and may suspend your account if it discovers any
active services at your location. If you are unsure, refer to your ISP.
Port forwarding allows you to define the local servers to which the incoming services will be
forwarded. To change your NBG-418N’s port forwarding settings, click Network > NAT >
Application. The screen appears as shown.
Note: If you do not assign a Default Server IP address in the NAT > General screen,
the NBG-418N discards all packets received for ports that are not specified in this
screen or remote management.
Refer to Appendix E on page 209 for port numbers commonly used for particular services.
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Figure 75 Network > NAT > Application
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 47 Network > NAT > Application
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
Add Application Rule
Active
Select the check box to enable this rule and the requested service can be forwarded to the
host with a specified internal IP address.
Clear the checkbox to disallow forwarding of these ports to an inside server without
having to delete the entry.
Service Name
Type a name (of up to 31 printable characters) to identify this rule in the first field next to
Service Name. Otherwise, select a predefined service in the second field next to Service
Name. The predefined service name and port number(s) will display in the Service
Name and Port fields.
Local Port Range
Type a port number(s) to be forwarded.
Public Port Range
To specify a range of ports, enter a hyphen (-) between the first port and the last port,
such as 10-20.
To specify two or more non-consecutive port numbers, separate them by a comma
without spaces, such as 123,567.
Protocol
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Select the transport layer protocol supported by this server. Choices are TCP, UDP, or
TCP&UDP.
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Table 47 Network > NAT > Application (continued)
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
Server IP Address
Type the inside IP address of the server that receives packets from the port(s) specified in
the Port field.
Apply
Click Apply to save your changes to the Application Rules Summary table.
Reset
Click Reset to not save and return your new changes in the Service Name and Port
fields to the previous one.
Application Rules Summary
This is the number of an individual port forwarding server entry.
Active
This icon is turned on when the rule is enabled.
Name
This field displays a name to identify this rule.
Local Start/End
Port
This field displays the port number(s).
Public Start/End
Port
Protocol
This is the transport layer protocol used for the service.
Server IP Address
This field displays the inside IP address of the server.
Modify
Click the Edit icon to display and modify an existing rule setting in the fields under Add
Application Rule.
Click the Remove icon to delete a rule.
10.5 Technical Reference
The following section contains additional technical information about the NBG-418N features
described in this chapter.
10.5.1 NAT Port Forwarding: Services and Port Numbers
A port forwarding set is a list of inside (behind NAT on the LAN) servers, for example, web or FTP,
that you can make accessible to the outside world even though NAT makes your whole inside
network appear as a single machine to the outside world.
Use the Application screen to forward incoming service requests to the server(s) on your local
network. You may enter a single port number or a range of port numbers to be forwarded, and the
local IP address of the desired server. The port number identifies a service; for example, web
service is on port 80 and FTP on port 21. In some cases, such as for unknown services or where one
server can support more than one service (for example both FTP and web service), it might be
better to specify a range of port numbers.
In addition to the servers for specified services, NAT supports a default server. A service request
that does not have a server explicitly designated for it is forwarded to the default server. If the
default is not defined, the service request is simply discarded.
Note: Many residential broadband ISP accounts do not allow you to run any server
processes (such as a Web or FTP server) from your location. Your ISP may
periodically check for servers and may suspend your account if it discovers any
active services at your location. If you are unsure, refer to your ISP.
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10.5.2 NAT Port Forwarding Example
Let's say you want to assign ports 21-25 to one FTP, Telnet and SMTP server (A in the example),
port 80 to another (B in the example) and assign a default server IP address of 192.168.1.35 to a
third (C in the example). You assign the LAN IP addresses and the ISP assigns the WAN IP address.
The NAT network appears as a single host on the Internet.
Figure 76 Multiple Servers Behind NAT Example
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11
Dynamic DNS
11.1 Overview
Dynamic Domain Name Service (DDNS) services let you use a fixed domain name with a dynamic
IP address. Users can always use the same domain name instead of a different dynamic IP address
that changes each time to connect to the NBG-418N or a server in your network.
Note: The NBG-418N must have a public global IP address and you should have your
registered DDNS account information on hand.
11.2 Dynamic DNS Screen
To configure your NBG-418N’s DDNS, click Network > DDNS.
Figure 77 Network > DDNS
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 48 Network > DDNS
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
Enable
Dynamic DNS
Select this check box to use DDNS.
Service
Provider
Select the name of your DDNS service provider.
Dynamic DNS
Type
This field is only available if you use the DynDNS service provider.
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Select the type of service that you are registered for from your Dynamic DNS service
provider.
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Table 48 Network > DDNS
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
Host Name
The host name is the domain name that the DDNS service will map to your dynamic global
IP address. Type the host name fully qualified, for example, ‘yourhost.mydomain.net’. You
can specify up to two host names in the field separated by a comma (",").
User Name
Type the user name that you used when you registered with the DDNS service.
Password
Type the password associated with the DDNS user name.
Timeout
This is the length of time in hours between updates to the DDNS service. If the update fails,
the NBG-418N will disable DDNS.
Enable
Select this if your DDNS service provider supports use of a wildcard (*) that will allow
Wildcard Option ‘*.yourhost.dyndns.org’ (where * may be the name of a web, mail, FTP etc. server in your
network) to be mapped to the same IP address as ‘yourhost.dyndns.org’. This feature is
useful when there are multiple servers in your network and you want users to be able to use
different domain names to reach them.
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Apply
Click Apply to save your changes back to the NBG-418N.
Reset
Click Reset to begin configuring this screen afresh.
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12
Firewall
12.1 Overview
Use these screens to enable and configure the firewall that protects your NBG-418N and your LAN
from unwanted or malicious traffic.
Enable the firewall to protect your LAN computers from attacks by hackers on the Internet and
control access between the LAN and WAN. By default the firewall:
• allows traffic that originates from your LAN computers to go to all of the networks.
• blocks traffic that originates on the other networks from going to the LAN.
The following figure illustrates the default firewall action. User A can initiate an IM (Instant
Messaging) session from the LAN to the WAN (1). Return traffic for this session is also allowed (2).
However other traffic initiated from the WAN is blocked (3 and 4).
Figure 78 Default Firewall Action
12.2 What You Can Do
• Use the General screen to enable or disable the NBG-418N’s firewall (Section 12.4 on page
112).
• Use the Services screen to enable or disable ICMP and VPN passthrough features (Section 12.5
on page 113).
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12.3 What You Need To Know
The NBG-418N’s firewall feature physically separates the LAN and the WAN and acts as a secure
gateway for all data passing between the networks.
12.3.1 About the NBG-418N Firewall
The NBG-418N firewall is a stateful inspection firewall and is designed to protect against Denial of
Service attacks when activated (click the General tab under Firewall and then click the Enable
Firewall check box). The NBG-418N's purpose is to allow a private Local Area Network (LAN) to be
securely connected to the Internet. The NBG-418N can be used to prevent theft, destruction and
modification of data, as well as log events, which may be important to the security of your network.
The NBG-418N is installed between the LAN and a broadband modem connecting to the Internet.
This allows it to act as a secure gateway for all data passing between the Internet and the LAN.
The NBG-418N has one Ethernet WAN port and four Ethernet LAN ports, which are used to
physically separate the network into two areas.The WAN (Wide Area Network) port attaches to the
broadband (cable or DSL) modem to the Internet.
The LAN (Local Area Network) port attaches to a network of computers, which needs security from
the outside world. These computers will have access to Internet services such as e-mail, FTP and
the World Wide Web. However, "inbound access" is not allowed (by default) unless the remote host
is authorized to use a specific service.
12.3.2 VPN Pass Through Features
A Virtual Private Network (VPN) is a way to securely connect two networks over the Internet. For
example a home network and one in a business office. This requires special equipment on both
ends of the connection.
The NBG-418N is not one of the endpoints but it does allow traffic from those endpoints to pass
through. The NBG-418N allows the following types of VPN traffic to pass through:
• IP security (IPSec)
• Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol (PPTP)
12.4 General Firewall Screen
Use this screen to enable or disable the NBG-418N’s firewall, and set up firewall logs. Click
Security > Firewall to open the General screen.
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NBG-418N User’s Guide
Chapter 12 Firewall
Figure 79 Security > Firewall > General
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 49 Security > Firewall > General
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
Enable Firewall
Select this check box to activate the firewall. The NBG-418N performs access control and
protects against Denial of Service (DoS) attacks when the firewall is activated.
Apply
Click Apply to save the settings.
Reset
Click Reset to start configuring this screen again.
12.5 Services Screen
Use the Services screen to enable or disable ICMP and VPN passthrough features.
Click Security > Firewall > Services. The screen appears as shown next.
Figure 80 Security > Firewall > Services
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 50 Security > Firewall > Services
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
ICMP
Internet Control Message Protocol is a message control and error-reporting protocol
between a host server and a gateway to the Internet. ICMP uses Internet Protocol (IP)
datagrams, but the messages are processed by the TCP/IP software and directly apparent
to the application user.
Respond to Ping
on WAN
The NBG-418N will not respond to any incoming Ping requests when Disable is selected.
Select Enable to reply to incoming WAN Ping requests.
NBG-418N User’s Guide
113
Chapter 12 Firewall
Table 50 Security > Firewall > Services (continued)
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
VPN Passthrough
Select the checkbox to enable the advanced pass through features:
•
•
•
114
PPTP Passthrough: Select this option to allow the NBG-418N to pass through VPN
traffic using PPTP.
L2TP Passthrough: Select this option to enable computers on your LAN to make
L2TP VPN connections to servers on the Internet.
IPSEC Passthrough: Select this option to allow the NBG-418N to pass through VPN
traffic using the IPsec protocol.
Apply
Click Apply to save the settings.
Reset
Click Reset to start configuring this screen again.
NBG-418N User’s Guide

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