ZyXEL Communications P660HWDXV2 802.11g Wireless ADSL Gateway User Manual SMG 700 User s Guide V1 00 Nov 2004
ZyXEL Communications Corporation 802.11g Wireless ADSL Gateway SMG 700 User s Guide V1 00 Nov 2004
Part1
www.zyxel.com
P-660HW-Dx v2
802.11g Wireless ADSL2+ 4-port Gateway
User’s Guide
Version 3.40
3/2007
Edition 2
About This User's Guide
P-660HW-Dx v2 User’s Guide 3
About This User's Guide
Intended Audience
This manual is intended for people who want to configure the ZyXEL Device using the web
configurator. You should have at least a basic knowledge of TCP/IP networking concepts and
topology.
Related Documentation
• Quick Start Guide
The Quick Start Guide is designed to help you get up and running right away. It contains
information on setting up your network and configuring for Internet access.
• Web Configurator Online Help
Embedded web help for descriptions of individual screens and supplementary
information.
"It is recommended you use the web configurator to configure the ZyXEL
Device.
• Supporting Disk
Refer to the included CD for support documents.
• ZyXEL Web Site
• Please refer to www.zyxel.com for additional support documentation and product
certifications.
User Guide Feedback
Help us help you. Send all User Guide-related comments, questions or suggestions for
improvement to the following address, or use e-mail instead. Thank you!
The Technical Writing Team,
ZyXEL Communications Corp.,
6 Innovation Road II,
Science-Based Industrial Park,
Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan.
E-mail: techwriters@zyxel.com.tw
Document Conventions
P-660HW-Dx v2 User’s Guide
4
Document Conventions
Warnings and Notes
These are how warnings and notes are shown in this User’s Guide.
1Warnings tell you about things that could harm you or your device.
"Notes tell you other important information (for example, other things you may
need to configure or helpful tips) or recommendations.
Syntax Conventions
• The P-660HW-D may be referred to as the “ZyXEL Device”, the “device” or the “system”
in this User’s Guide.
• Product labels, screen names, field labels and field choices are all in bold font.
• A key stroke is denoted by square brackets and uppercase text, for example, [ENTER]
means the “enter” or “return” key on your keyboard.
• “Enter” means for you to type one or more characters and then press the [ENTER] key.
“Select” or “choose” means for you to use one of the predefined choices.
• A right angle bracket ( > ) within a screen name denotes a mouse click. For example,
Maintenance > Log > Log Setting means you first click Maintenance in the navigation
panel, then the Log sub menu and finally the Log Setting tab to get to that screen.
• Units of measurement may denote the “metric” value or the “scientific” value. For
example, “k” for kilo may denote “1000” or “1024”, “M” for mega may denote “1000000”
or “1048576” and so on.
• “e.g.,” is a shorthand for “for instance”, and “i.e.,” means “that is” or “in other words”.
Document Conventions
P-660HW-Dx v2 User’s Guide 5
Icons Used in Figures
Figures in this User’s Guide may use the following generic icons. The ZyXEL Device icon is
not an exact representation of your device.
ZyXEL Device Computer Notebook computer
Server DSLAM Firewall
Telephone Switch Router
Safety Warnings
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6
Safety Warnings
1For your safety, be sure to read and follow all warning notices and instructions.
• Do NOT use this product near water, for example, in a wet basement or near a swimming
pool.
• Do NOT expose your device to dampness, dust or corrosive liquids.
• Do NOT store things on the device.
• Do NOT install, use, or service this device during a thunderstorm. There is a remote risk
of electric shock from lightning.
• Connect ONLY suitable accessories to the device.
• Do NOT open the device or unit. Opening or removing covers can expose you to
dangerous high voltage points or other risks. ONLY qualified service personnel should
service or disassemble this device. Please contact your vendor for further information.
• Make sure to connect the cables to the correct ports.
• Place connecting cables carefully so that no one will step on them or stumble over them.
• Always disconnect all cables from this device before servicing or disassembling.
• Use ONLY an appropriate power adaptor or cord for your device.
• Connect the power adaptor or cord to the right supply voltage (for example, 110V AC in
North America or 230V AC in Europe).
• Do NOT allow anything to rest on the power adaptor or cord and do NOT place the
product where anyone can walk on the power adaptor or cord.
• Do NOT use the device if the power adaptor or cord is damaged as it might cause
electrocution.
• If the power adaptor or cord is damaged, remove it from the power outlet.
• Do NOT attempt to repair the power adaptor or cord. Contact your local vendor to order a
new one.
• Do not use the device outside, and make sure all the connections are indoors. There is a
remote risk of electric shock from lightning.
• Do NOT obstruct the device ventilation slots, as insufficient airflow may harm your
device.
• Please use only No. 26 AWG (American Wire Gauge) or larger telecommunication line
cord.
• Antenna Warning! This device meets ETSI and FCC certification requirements when
using the included antenna(s). Only use the included antenna(s).
• If you wall mount your device, make sure that no electrical lines, gas or water pipes will
be damaged.
This product is recyclable. Dispose of it properly.
Safety Warnings
P-660HW-Dx v2 User’s Guide 7
Safety Warnings
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8
Contents Overview
P-660HW-Dx v2 User’s Guide 9
Contents Overview
Introduction ............................................................................................................................ 31
Introducing the ZyXEL Device ...................................................................................................33
Introducing the Web Configurator .............................................................................................. 39
Wizards ................................................................................................................................... 51
Wizard Setup for Internet Access .............................................................................................. 53
Bandwidth Management Wizard ................................................................................................ 67
Network ................................................................................................................................... 73
WAN Setup ................................................................................................................................ 75
LAN Setup ................................................................................................................................. 93
Wireless LAN ........................................................................................................................... 105
Network Address Translation (NAT) Screens .......................................................................... 129
Security ................................................................................................................................. 141
Firewalls .................................................................................................................................. 143
Firewall Configuration .............................................................................................................. 155
Content Filtering ...................................................................................................................... 177
Advanced .............................................................................................................................. 181
Static Route ............................................................................................................................. 183
Bandwidth Management .......................................................................................................... 187
Dynamic DNS Setup ................................................................................................................ 199
Remote Management Configuration ........................................................................................ 203
Universal Plug-and-Play (UPnP) ............................................................................................. 213
Maintenance and Troubleshooting ..................................................................................... 225
System ..................................................................................................................................... 227
Logs ........................................................................................................................................ 233
Tools ........................................................................................................................................ 251
Diagnostic ............................................................................................................................... 257
Troubleshooting ....................................................................................................................... 259
Appendices and Index .........................................................................................................263
Contents Overview
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Table of Contents
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Table of Contents
About This User's Guide ..........................................................................................................3
Document Conventions............................................................................................................4
Safety Warnings........................................................................................................................ 6
Contents Overview ................................................................................................................... 9
Table of Contents.................................................................................................................... 11
List of Figures ......................................................................................................................... 21
List of Tables........................................................................................................................... 27
Part I: Introduction................................................................................. 31
Chapter 1
Introducing the ZyXEL Device............................................................................................... 33
1.1 Overview .............................................................................................................................. 33
1.2 Ways to Manage the ZyXEL Device .................................................................................... 35
1.3 Good Habits for Managing the ZyXEL Device ..................................................................... 35
1.4 LEDs .................................................................................................................................... 35
1.5 Hardware Connections ........................................................................................................ 36
1.5.1 Splitters and Microfilters ............................................................................................. 36
Chapter 2
Introducing the Web Configurator ........................................................................................ 39
2.1 Web Configurator Overview ................................................................................................. 39
2.2 Accessing the Web Configurator ......................................................................................... 39
2.2.1 User Access ............................................................................................................... 40
2.2.2 Administrator Access ................................................................................................. 40
2.3 Resetting the ZyXEL Device ................................................................................................ 42
2.3.1 Using the Reset Button .............................................................................................. 42
2.4 Navigating the Web Configurator ......................................................................................... 42
2.4.1 Navigation Panel ........................................................................................................ 42
2.4.2 Status Screen ............................................................................................................. 44
2.4.3 Status: Any IP Table ................................................................................................... 47
2.4.4 Status: WLAN Status .................................................................................................. 47
2.4.5 Status: Bandwidth Status ........................................................................................... 48
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2.4.6 Status: Packet Statistics ............................................................................................. 48
2.4.7 Changing Login Password ........................................................................................ 50
Part II: Wizards ....................................................................................... 51
Chapter 3
Wizard Setup for Internet Access.......................................................................................... 53
3.1 Introduction .......................................................................................................................... 53
3.2 Internet Access Wizard Setup ............................................................................................. 53
3.2.1 Automatic Detection ................................................................................................... 55
3.2.2 Manual Configuration ................................................................................................. 55
3.3 Wireless Connection Wizard Setup ..................................................................................... 60
3.3.1 Manually assign a WPA-PSK key .............................................................................. 63
3.3.2 Manually assign a WEP key ....................................................................................... 63
Chapter 4
Bandwidth Management Wizard ............................................................................................67
4.1 Introduction .......................................................................................................................... 67
4.2 Predefined Media Bandwidth Management Services .......................................................... 67
4.3 Bandwidth Management Wizard Setup ............................................................................... 68
Part III: Network...................................................................................... 73
Chapter 5
WAN Setup............................................................................................................................... 75
5.1 WAN Overview ................................................................................................................... 75
5.1.1 Encapsulation ............................................................................................................. 75
5.1.2 Multiplexing ................................................................................................................ 76
5.1.3 Encapsulation and Multiplexing Scenarios ................................................................. 76
5.1.4 VPI and VCI ............................................................................................................... 77
5.1.5 IP Address Assignment .............................................................................................. 77
5.1.6 Nailed-Up Connection (PPP) ..................................................................................... 77
5.1.7 NAT ............................................................................................................................ 78
5.2 Metric .................................................................................................................................. 78
5.3 Traffic Shaping ..................................................................................................................... 78
5.3.1 ATM Traffic Classes ................................................................................................... 79
5.4 Zero Configuration Internet Access ..................................................................................... 80
5.5 Internet Connection ............................................................................................................ 80
5.5.1 Configuring Advanced Internet Connection Setup ..................................................... 82
5.6 Configuring More Connections ............................................................................................ 84
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5.6.1 More Connections Edit .............................................................................................. 85
5.6.2 Configuring More Connections Advanced Setup ...................................................... 88
5.7 Traffic Redirect ................................................................................................................... 89
5.8 Configuring WAN Backup ................................................................................................... 89
Chapter 6
LAN Setup................................................................................................................................ 93
6.1 LAN Overview ..................................................................................................................... 93
6.1.1 LANs, WANs and the ZyXEL Device .......................................................................... 93
6.1.2 DHCP Setup ...............................................................................................................94
6.1.3 DNS Server Address .................................................................................................. 94
6.1.4 DNS Server Address Assignment .............................................................................. 94
6.2 LAN TCP/IP ......................................................................................................................... 95
6.2.1 IP Address and Subnet Mask ..................................................................................... 95
6.2.2 RIP Setup ................................................................................................................... 96
6.2.3 Multicast ..................................................................................................................... 96
6.2.4 Any IP ......................................................................................................................... 97
6.3 Configuring LAN IP .............................................................................................................. 98
6.3.1 Configuring Advanced LAN Setup ............................................................................. 99
6.4 DHCP Setup ...................................................................................................................... 100
6.5 LAN Client List ................................................................................................................... 101
6.6 LAN IP Alias ...................................................................................................................... 102
Chapter 7
Wireless LAN......................................................................................................................... 105
7.1 Wireless Network Overview ............................................................................................... 105
7.2 Wireless Security Overview ............................................................................................... 106
7.2.1 SSID ......................................................................................................................... 106
7.2.2 MAC Address Filter .................................................................................................. 106
7.2.3 User Authentication .................................................................................................. 106
7.2.4 Encryption ................................................................................................................ 107
7.2.5 One-Touch Intelligent Security Technology (OTIST) ................................................ 108
7.3 General Wireless LAN Screen .......................................................................................... 108
7.3.1 No Security ............................................................................................................... 109
7.3.2 WEP Encryption ........................................................................................................110
7.3.3 WPA-PSK/WPA2-PSK ...............................................................................................111
7.3.4 WPA/WPA2 ...............................................................................................................113
7.3.5 Wireless LAN Advanced Setup .................................................................................115
7.4 OTIST ................................................................................................................................117
7.4.1 Enabling OTIST .........................................................................................................117
7.4.2 Starting OTIST ..........................................................................................................119
7.4.3 Notes on OTIST ....................................................................................................... 120
7.5 MAC Filter ..................................................................................................................... 121
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7.6 WMM QoS ......................................................................................................................... 122
7.6.1 WMM QoS Example ................................................................................................. 122
7.6.2 WMM QoS Priorities ................................................................................................. 122
7.6.3 Services ................................................................................................................... 123
7.7 QoS Screen ....................................................................................................................... 124
7.7.1 ToS (Type of Service) and WMM QoS ..................................................................... 125
7.7.2 Application Priority Configuration ............................................................................. 126
Chapter 8
Network Address Translation (NAT) Screens.....................................................................129
8.1 NAT Overview ................................................................................................................... 129
8.1.1 NAT Definitions ........................................................................................................ 129
8.1.2 What NAT Does ....................................................................................................... 130
8.1.3 How NAT Works ....................................................................................................... 130
8.1.4 NAT Application ........................................................................................................ 130
8.1.5 NAT Mapping Types ................................................................................................. 131
8.2 SUA (Single User Account) Versus NAT ........................................................................... 132
8.3 SIP ALG ............................................................................................................................. 132
8.4 NAT General Setup ........................................................................................................... 133
8.5 Port Forwarding ................................................................................................................. 133
8.5.1 Default Server IP Address ........................................................................................ 134
8.5.2 Port Forwarding: Services and Port Numbers .......................................................... 134
8.5.3 Configuring Servers Behind Port Forwarding (Example) ......................................... 135
8.6 Configuring Port Forwarding ............................................................................................. 135
8.6.1 Port Forwarding Rule Edit ....................................................................................... 136
8.7 Address Mapping .............................................................................................................. 137
8.7.1 Address Mapping Rule Edit ..................................................................................... 139
Part IV: Security ................................................................................... 141
Chapter 9
Firewalls................................................................................................................................. 143
9.1 Firewall Overview ............................................................................................................. 143
9.2 Types of Firewalls .............................................................................................................. 143
9.2.1 Packet Filtering Firewalls ......................................................................................... 143
9.2.2 Application-level Firewalls ........................................................................................ 144
9.2.3 Stateful Inspection Firewalls ..................................................................................... 144
9.3 Introduction to ZyXEL’s Firewall ........................................................................................ 144
9.3.1 Denial of Service Attacks ......................................................................................... 145
9.4 Denial of Service ............................................................................................................... 145
9.4.1 Basics ....................................................................................................................... 145
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9.4.2 Types of DoS Attacks ............................................................................................... 146
9.5 Stateful Inspection ............................................................................................................. 148
9.5.1 Stateful Inspection Process ...................................................................................... 149
9.5.2 Stateful Inspection and the ZyXEL Device ............................................................... 150
9.5.3 TCP Security ............................................................................................................ 150
9.5.4 UDP/ICMP Security .................................................................................................. 151
9.5.5 Upper Layer Protocols ............................................................................................. 151
9.6 Guidelines for Enhancing Security with Your Firewall ....................................................... 152
9.6.1 Security In General .................................................................................................. 152
9.7 Packet Filtering Vs Firewall ...............................................................................................153
9.7.1 Packet Filtering: ....................................................................................................... 153
9.7.2 Firewall ..................................................................................................................... 153
Chapter 10
Firewall Configuration ..........................................................................................................155
10.1 Access Methods .............................................................................................................. 155
10.2 Firewall Policies Overview ............................................................................................... 155
10.3 Rule Logic Overview ........................................................................................................ 156
10.3.1 Rule Checklist ........................................................................................................ 156
10.3.2 Security Ramifications ............................................................................................ 156
10.3.3 Key Fields For Configuring Rules ......................................................................... 157
10.4 Connection Direction ....................................................................................................... 157
10.4.1 LAN to WAN Rules ................................................................................................. 158
10.4.2 Alerts ...................................................................................................................... 158
10.5 General Firewall Policy ................................................................................................. 158
10.6 Firewall Rules Summary ................................................................................................. 159
10.6.1 Configuring Firewall Rules ................................................................................... 161
10.6.2 Customized Services ............................................................................................ 164
10.6.3 Configuring a Customized Service ....................................................................... 164
10.7 Example Firewall Rule .....................................................................................................165
10.8 Predefined Services ........................................................................................................ 169
10.9 Anti-Probing ..................................................................................................................... 171
10.10 DoS Thresholds ............................................................................................................ 172
10.10.1 Threshold Values ................................................................................................. 172
10.10.2 Half-Open Sessions ............................................................................................. 173
10.10.3 Configuring Firewall Thresholds ........................................................................... 173
Chapter 11
Content Filtering ................................................................................................................... 177
11.1 Content Filtering Overview .............................................................................................. 177
11.2 Configuring Keyword Blocking ........................................................................................ 177
11.3 Configuring the Schedule ................................................................................................ 178
11.4 Configuring Trusted Computers ...................................................................................... 179
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Part V: Advanced ................................................................................. 181
Chapter 12
Static Route ........................................................................................................................... 183
12.1 Static Route .................................................................................................................. 183
12.2 Configuring Static Route .................................................................................................183
12.2.1 Static Route Edit ................................................................................................... 184
Chapter 13
Bandwidth Management.......................................................................................................187
13.1 Bandwidth Management Overview ................................................................................. 187
13.2 Application-based Bandwidth Management .................................................................... 187
13.3 Subnet-based Bandwidth Management .......................................................................... 187
13.4 Application and Subnet-based Bandwidth Management ................................................. 188
13.5 Scheduler ........................................................................................................................ 188
13.5.1 Priority-based Scheduler ........................................................................................ 188
13.5.2 Fairness-based Scheduler ..................................................................................... 189
13.6 Maximize Bandwidth Usage ............................................................................................ 189
13.6.1 Reserving Bandwidth for Non-Bandwidth Class Traffic .......................................... 189
13.6.2 Maximize Bandwidth Usage Example .................................................................... 189
13.6.3 Bandwidth Management Priorities ......................................................................... 191
13.7 Over Allotment of Bandwidth ........................................................................................... 191
13.8 Configuring Summary ..................................................................................................... 191
13.9 Bandwidth Management Rule Setup ............................................................................. 192
13.10 DiffServ .......................................................................................................................... 194
13.10.1 DSCP and Per-Hop Behavior ............................................................................... 194
13.10.2 Rule Configuration ............................................................................................... 194
13.11 Bandwidth Monitor ........................................................................................................ 197
Chapter 14
Dynamic DNS Setup ............................................................................................................. 199
14.1 Dynamic DNS Overview ................................................................................................. 199
14.1.1 DYNDNS Wildcard ................................................................................................. 199
14.2 Configuring Dynamic DNS .............................................................................................. 199
Chapter 15
Remote Management Configuration ................................................................................... 203
15.1 Remote Management Overview ..................................................................................... 203
15.1.1 Remote Management Limitations .......................................................................... 204
15.1.2 Remote Management and NAT .............................................................................. 204
15.1.3 System Timeout .................................................................................................... 204
15.2 WWW .............................................................................................................................. 204
15.3 Telnet ............................................................................................................................... 205
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15.4 Configuring Telnet ............................................................................................................ 205
15.5 Telnet Login ..................................................................................................................... 206
15.6 Configuring FTP ............................................................................................................. 207
15.7 SNMP .............................................................................................................................. 207
15.7.1 Supported MIBs ..................................................................................................... 209
15.7.2 SNMP Traps ........................................................................................................... 209
15.7.3 Configuring SNMP ................................................................................................. 209
15.8 Configuring DNS ............................................................................................................. 210
15.9 Configuring ICMP .............................................................................................................211
Chapter 16
Universal Plug-and-Play (UPnP).......................................................................................... 213
16.1 Introducing Universal Plug and Play ............................................................................... 213
16.1.1 How do I know if I'm using UPnP? ......................................................................... 213
16.1.2 NAT Traversal ........................................................................................................ 213
16.1.3 Cautions with UPnP ............................................................................................... 213
16.2 UPnP and ZyXEL ............................................................................................................214
16.2.1 Configuring UPnP ................................................................................................. 214
16.3 Installing UPnP in Windows Example .............................................................................. 215
16.3.1 Installing UPnP in Windows Me ............................................................................. 215
16.3.2 Installing UPnP in Windows XP ............................................................................. 216
16.4 Using UPnP in Windows XP Example ............................................................................. 217
16.4.1 Auto-discover Your UPnP-enabled Network Device .............................................. 218
16.4.2 Web Configurator Easy Access ............................................................................. 221
Part VI: Maintenance and Troubleshooting ....................................... 225
Chapter 17
System ................................................................................................................................... 227
17.1 General Setup ................................................................................................................. 227
17.1.1 General Setup and System Name ......................................................................... 227
17.1.2 General Setup ....................................................................................................... 227
17.2 Time Setting .................................................................................................................... 229
Chapter 18
Logs ...................................................................................................................................... 233
18.1 Logs Overview ................................................................................................................ 233
18.1.1 Alerts and Logs ...................................................................................................... 233
18.2 Viewing the Logs ............................................................................................................. 233
18.3 Configuring Log Settings ................................................................................................ 234
18.3.1 Example E-mail Log ............................................................................................... 236
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18.4 Log Descriptions .............................................................................................................. 237
Chapter 19
Tools....................................................................................................................................... 251
19.1 Firmware Upgrade .......................................................................................................... 251
19.2 Configuration Screen ....................................................................................................... 253
19.2.1 Backup Configuration ............................................................................................. 253
19.2.2 Restore Configuration ............................................................................................ 254
19.2.3 Back to Factory Defaults ........................................................................................ 255
19.3 Restart ............................................................................................................................. 255
Chapter 20
Diagnostic ............................................................................................................................. 257
20.1 General Diagnostic ......................................................................................................... 257
20.2 DSL Line Diagnostic ...................................................................................................... 257
Chapter 21
Troubleshooting.................................................................................................................... 259
21.1 Power, Hardware Connections, and LEDs ...................................................................... 259
21.2 ZyXEL Device Access and Login .................................................................................... 260
21.3 Internet Access ................................................................................................................ 261
Part VII: Appendices and Index .......................................................... 263
Appendix A Product Specifications and Wall Mounting ........................................................ 265
Appendix B Wireless LANs .................................................................................................. 271
Appendix C Setting up Your Computer’s IP Address ........................................................... 285
Appendix D IP Addresses and Subnetting ........................................................................... 301
Appendix E Firewall Commands .......................................................................................... 311
Appendix F Internal SPTGEN............................................................................................... 317
Appendix G Pop-up Windows, JavaScripts and Java Permissions......................................333
Appendix H NetBIOS Filter Commands ............................................................................... 339
Appendix I Triangle Route ....................................................................................................341
Appendix J Legal Information...............................................................................................343
Appendix K Customer Support.............................................................................................347
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Index....................................................................................................................................... 351
Table of Contents
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List of Figures
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List of Figures
Figure 1 Protected Internet Access Applications .................................................................................... 34
Figure 2 LAN-to-LAN Application Example ............................................................................................ 34
Figure 3 Front Panel .............................................................................................................................. 35
Figure 4 Connecting a POTS Splitter ..................................................................................................... 37
Figure 5 Connecting a Microfilter ............................................................................................................ 37
Figure 6 Connecting a Microfilter and Y-Connector ................................................................................ 38
Figure 7 ZyXEL Device with ISDN .......................................................................................................... 38
Figure 8 Password Screen ..................................................................................................................... 40
Figure 9 User status screen ................................................................................................................... 40
Figure 10 Change Password at Login .................................................................................................... 41
Figure 11 Select a Mode ......................................................................................................................... 41
Figure 12 Web Configurator: Main Screen ............................................................................................ 42
Figure 13 Status Screen ......................................................................................................................... 45
Figure 14 Status: Any IP Table ............................................................................................................... 47
Figure 15 Status: WLAN Status .............................................................................................................. 47
Figure 16 Status: Bandwidth Status ........................................................................................................ 48
Figure 17 Status: Packet Statistics ......................................................................................................... 49
Figure 18 System General ...................................................................................................................... 50
Figure 19 Select a Mode ........................................................................................................................ 53
Figure 20 Wizard: Welcome ................................................................................................................... 54
Figure 21 Auto Detection: No DSL Connection ...................................................................................... 54
Figure 22 Auto Detection: Failed ............................................................................................................ 55
Figure 23 Auto-Detection: PPPoE .......................................................................................................... 55
Figure 24 Internet Access Wizard Setup: ISP Parameters ..................................................................... 56
Figure 25 Internet Connection with PPPoE ............................................................................................ 57
Figure 26 Internet Connection with RFC 1483 ....................................................................................... 57
Figure 27 Internet Connection with ENET ENCAP ................................................................................. 58
Figure 28 Internet Connection with PPPoA ............................................................................................ 59
Figure 29 Connection Test Failed-1 ........................................................................................................ 59
Figure 30 Connection Test Failed-2. ....................................................................................................... 60
Figure 31 Connection Test Successful ................................................................................................... 60
Figure 32 Wireless LAN Setup Wizard 1 ................................................................................................ 61
Figure 33 Wireless LAN Setup Wizard 2 ................................................................................................ 62
Figure 34 Manually assign a WPA key ................................................................................................... 63
Figure 35 Manually assign a WEP key ................................................................................................... 64
Figure 36 Wireless LAN Setup 3 ............................................................................................................ 64
Figure 37 Internet Access and WLAN Wizard Setup Complete ............................................................. 65
Figure 38 Select a Mode ........................................................................................................................ 68
List of Figures
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Figure 39 Wizard: Welcome ................................................................................................................... 69
Figure 40 Bandwidth Management Wizard: General Information ........................................................... 69
Figure 41 Bandwidth Management Wizard: Configuration ..................................................................... 70
Figure 42 Bandwidth Management Wizard: Complete ........................................................................... 71
Figure 43 Example of Traffic Shaping .................................................................................................... 79
Figure 44 Internet Connection (PPPoE) ................................................................................................. 81
Figure 45 Advanced Internet Connection Setup ..................................................................................... 83
Figure 46 More Connections .................................................................................................................. 84
Figure 47 More Connections Edit ........................................................................................................... 86
Figure 48 More Connections Advanced Setup ....................................................................................... 88
Figure 49 Traffic Redirect Example ........................................................................................................ 89
Figure 50 Traffic Redirect LAN Setup ..................................................................................................... 89
Figure 51 WAN Backup Setup ................................................................................................................ 90
Figure 52 LAN and WAN IP Addresses .................................................................................................. 93
Figure 53 Any IP Example ...................................................................................................................... 97
Figure 54 LAN IP .................................................................................................................................... 98
Figure 55 Advanced LAN Setup ............................................................................................................. 99
Figure 56 DHCP Setup ......................................................................................................................... 100
Figure 57 LAN Client List ...................................................................................................................... 102
Figure 58 Physical Network & Partitioned Logical Networks ................................................................ 103
Figure 59 LAN IP Alias ......................................................................................................................... 103
Figure 60 Example of a Wireless Network ........................................................................................... 105
Figure 61 Wireless LAN: General ........................................................................................................ 108
Figure 62 Wireless: No Security ............................................................................................................110
Figure 63 Wireless: Static WEP Encryption ...........................................................................................111
Figure 64 Wireless: WPA-PSK/WPA2-PSK ...........................................................................................112
Figure 65 Wireless: WPA/WPA2 ............................................................................................................114
Figure 66 Advanced ..............................................................................................................................116
Figure 67 OTIST ....................................................................................................................................118
Figure 68 Example Wireless Client OTIST Screen ...............................................................................119
Figure 69 Security Key ..........................................................................................................................119
Figure 70 OTIST in Progress (AP) ........................................................................................................119
Figure 71 OTIST in progress (Client) ................................................................................................... 120
Figure 72 No AP with OTIST Found ..................................................................................................... 120
Figure 73 Start OTIST? ........................................................................................................................ 120
Figure 74 MAC Address Filter .............................................................................................................. 121
Figure 75 Wireless LAN: QoS .............................................................................................................. 125
Figure 76 Application Priority Configuration ......................................................................................... 126
Figure 77 How NAT Works ................................................................................................................... 130
Figure 78 NAT Application With IP Alias .............................................................................................. 131
Figure 79 NAT General ........................................................................................................................ 133
Figure 80 Multiple Servers Behind NAT Example ................................................................................ 135
Figure 81 NAT Port Forwarding ............................................................................................................ 136
List of Figures
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Figure 82 Port Forwarding Rule Setup ................................................................................................ 137
Figure 83 Address Mapping Rules ....................................................................................................... 138
Figure 84 Edit Address Mapping Rule ................................................................................................. 139
Figure 85 Firewall Application .............................................................................................................. 145
Figure 86 Three-Way Handshake ......................................................................................................... 146
Figure 87 SYN Flood ............................................................................................................................ 147
Figure 88 Smurf Attack ......................................................................................................................... 147
Figure 89 Stateful Inspection ................................................................................................................ 149
Figure 90 Firewall: General .................................................................................................................. 158
Figure 91 Firewall Rules ...................................................................................................................... 160
Figure 92 Firewall: Edit Rule ................................................................................................................ 162
Figure 93 Firewall: Customized Services ............................................................................................. 164
Figure 94 Firewall: Configure Customized Services ............................................................................. 165
Figure 95 Firewall Example: Rules ....................................................................................................... 166
Figure 96 Edit Custom Port Example ................................................................................................... 166
Figure 97 Firewall Example: Edit Rule: Destination Address .............................................................. 167
Figure 98 Firewall Example: Edit Rule: Select Customized Services ................................................... 168
Figure 99 Firewall Example: Rules: MyService ................................................................................... 169
Figure 100 Firewall: Anti Probing ......................................................................................................... 171
Figure 101 Firewall: Threshold ............................................................................................................. 174
Figure 102 Content Filter: Keyword ...................................................................................................... 177
Figure 103 Content Filter: Schedule ..................................................................................................... 178
Figure 104 Content Filter: Trusted ........................................................................................................ 179
Figure 105 Example of Static Routing Topology ................................................................................... 183
Figure 106 Static Route ........................................................................................................................ 184
Figure 107 Static Route Edit ................................................................................................................. 185
Figure 108 Subnet-based Bandwidth Management Example .............................................................. 188
Figure 109 Bandwidth Management: Summary ................................................................................... 192
Figure 110 Bandwidth Management: Rule Setup ................................................................................. 193
Figure 111 DiffServ: Differentiated Service Field .................................................................................. 194
Figure 112 Bandwidth Management Rule Configuration ...................................................................... 195
Figure 113 Bandwidth Management: Monitor ......................................................................................198
Figure 114 Dynamic DNS ..................................................................................................................... 200
Figure 115 Remote Management: WWW ............................................................................................. 204
Figure 116 Telnet Configuration on a TCP/IP Network ......................................................................... 205
Figure 117 Remote Management: Telnet ............................................................................................. 206
Figure 118 Remote Management: FTP ................................................................................................ 207
Figure 119 SNMP Management Model ................................................................................................ 208
Figure 120 Remote Management: SNMP ............................................................................................ 209
Figure 121 Remote Management: DNS ................................................................................................211
Figure 122 Remote Management: ICMP .............................................................................................. 212
Figure 123 Configuring UPnP ............................................................................................................... 214
Figure 124 Add/Remove Programs: Windows Setup: Communication ................................................ 215
List of Figures
P-660HW-Dx v2 User’s Guide
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Figure 125 Add/Remove Programs: Windows Setup: Communication: Components .......................... 216
Figure 126 Network Connections ......................................................................................................... 216
Figure 127 Windows Optional Networking Components Wizard .......................................................... 217
Figure 128 Networking Services ........................................................................................................... 217
Figure 129 Network Connections ......................................................................................................... 218
Figure 130 Internet Connection Properties .......................................................................................... 219
Figure 131 Internet Connection Properties: Advanced Settings ........................................................... 219
Figure 132 Internet Connection Properties: Advanced Settings: Add .................................................. 220
Figure 133 System Tray Icon ................................................................................................................ 220
Figure 134 Internet Connection Status ................................................................................................. 221
Figure 135 Network Connections ......................................................................................................... 222
Figure 136 Network Connections: My Network Places ........................................................................ 223
Figure 137 Network Connections: My Network Places: Properties: Example ...................................... 223
Figure 138 System General Setup ....................................................................................................... 228
Figure 139 System Time Setting .......................................................................................................... 229
Figure 140 View Log ............................................................................................................................. 234
Figure 141 Log Settings ....................................................................................................................... 235
Figure 142 E-mail Log Example ........................................................................................................... 237
Figure 143 Firmware ........................................................................................................................... 251
Figure 144 Firmware Upload In Progress ............................................................................................. 252
Figure 145 Network Temporarily Disconnected ....................................................................................252
Figure 146 Error Message .................................................................................................................... 253
Figure 147 Configuration ...................................................................................................................... 253
Figure 148 Configuration Restore Successful ...................................................................................... 254
Figure 149 Temporarily Disconnected .................................................................................................. 254
Figure 150 Configuration Restore Error ............................................................................................... 255
Figure 151 Restart Screen ................................................................................................................... 255
Figure 152 Diagnostic: General ............................................................................................................ 257
Figure 153 Diagnostic: DSL Line .......................................................................................................... 258
Figure 154 Wall-mounting Example ...................................................................................................... 269
Figure 155 Masonry Plug and M4 Tap Screw .......................................................................................270
Figure 156 Peer-to-Peer Communication in an Ad-hoc Network ......................................................... 271
Figure 157 Basic Service Set ............................................................................................................... 272
Figure 158 Infrastructure WLAN ........................................................................................................... 273
Figure 159 RTS/CTS ........................................................................................................................... 274
Figure 160 WPA(2) with RADIUS Application Example ....................................................................... 281
Figure 161 WPA(2)-PSK Authentication ............................................................................................... 282
Figure 162 WIndows 95/98/Me: Network: Configuration ...................................................................... 286
Figure 163 Windows 95/98/Me: TCP/IP Properties: IP Address .......................................................... 287
Figure 164 Windows 95/98/Me: TCP/IP Properties: DNS Configuration .............................................. 288
Figure 165 Windows XP: Start Menu .................................................................................................... 289
Figure 166 Windows XP: Control Panel ............................................................................................... 289
Figure 167 Windows XP: Control Panel: Network Connections: Properties ......................................... 290
List of Figures
P-660HW-Dx v2 User’s Guide 25
Figure 168 Windows XP: Local Area Connection Properties ............................................................... 290
Figure 169 Windows XP: Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) Properties .......................................................... 291
Figure 170 Windows XP: Advanced TCP/IP Properties ....................................................................... 292
Figure 171 Windows XP: Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) Properties .......................................................... 293
Figure 172 Macintosh OS 8/9: Apple Menu .......................................................................................... 294
Figure 173 Macintosh OS 8/9: TCP/IP ................................................................................................. 294
Figure 174 Macintosh OS X: Apple Menu ............................................................................................ 295
Figure 175 Macintosh OS X: Network .................................................................................................. 296
Figure 176 Red Hat 9.0: KDE: Network Configuration: Devices ......................................................... 297
Figure 177 Red Hat 9.0: KDE: Ethernet Device: General .................................................................. 297
Figure 178 Red Hat 9.0: KDE: Network Configuration: DNS ............................................................... 298
Figure 179 Red Hat 9.0: KDE: Network Configuration: Activate ........................................................ 298
Figure 180 Red Hat 9.0: Dynamic IP Address Setting in ifconfig-eth0 ............................................... 299
Figure 181 Red Hat 9.0: Static IP Address Setting in ifconfig-eth0 ................................................... 299
Figure 182 Red Hat 9.0: DNS Settings in resolv.conf ........................................................................ 299
Figure 183 Red Hat 9.0: Restart Ethernet Card ................................................................................. 299
Figure 184 Red Hat 9.0: Checking TCP/IP Properties ....................................................................... 300
Figure 185 Network Number and Host ID ............................................................................................ 302
Figure 186 Subnetting Example: Before Subnetting ............................................................................ 304
Figure 187 Subnetting Example: After Subnetting ............................................................................... 305
Figure 188 Conflicting Computer IP Addresses Example .................................................................... 309
Figure 189 Conflicting Computer IP Addresses Example .................................................................... 309
Figure 190 Conflicting Computer and Router IP Addresses Example .................................................. 310
Figure 191 Configuration Text File Format: Column Descriptions ........................................................ 317
Figure 192 Invalid Parameter Entered: Command Line Example ........................................................ 318
Figure 193 Valid Parameter Entered: Command Line Example ........................................................... 318
Figure 194 Internal SPTGEN FTP Download Example ........................................................................ 319
Figure 195 Internal SPTGEN FTP Upload Example ............................................................................ 319
Figure 196 Pop-up Blocker ................................................................................................................... 333
Figure 197 Internet Options: Privacy .................................................................................................... 334
Figure 198 Internet Options: Privacy .................................................................................................... 335
Figure 199 Pop-up Blocker Settings ..................................................................................................... 335
Figure 200 Internet Options: Security ................................................................................................... 336
Figure 201 Security Settings - Java Scripting ....................................................................................... 337
Figure 202 Security Settings - Java ...................................................................................................... 337
Figure 203 Java (Sun) .......................................................................................................................... 338
Figure 204 Ideal Setup ......................................................................................................................... 341
Figure 205 “Triangle Route” Problem ................................................................................................... 342
Figure 206 IP Alias ............................................................................................................................... 342
List of Figures
P-660HW-Dx v2 User’s Guide
26
List of Tables
P-660HW-Dx v2 User’s Guide 27
List of Tables
Table 1 ADSL Standards ....................................................................................................................... 34
Table 2 Front Panel LEDs ...................................................................................................................... 36
Table 3 Web Configurator Screens Summary ....................................................................................... 43
Table 4 Status Screen ............................................................................................................................ 45
Table 5 Status: Any IP Table .................................................................................................................. 47
Table 6 Status: WLAN Status ................................................................................................................. 48
Table 7 Status: Packet Statistics ............................................................................................................ 49
Table 8 Internet Access Wizard Setup: ISP Parameters ....................................................................... 56
Table 9 Internet Connection with PPPoE ............................................................................................... 57
Table 10 Internet Connection with RFC 1483 ........................................................................................ 57
Table 11 Internet Connection with ENET ENCAP ................................................................................. 58
Table 12 Internet Connection with PPPoA ............................................................................................. 59
Table 13 Wireless LAN Setup Wizard 1 ................................................................................................. 61
Table 14 Wireless LAN Setup Wizard 2 ................................................................................................. 62
Table 15 Manually assign a WPA key .................................................................................................... 63
Table 16 Manually assign a WEP key ................................................................................................... 64
Table 17 Media Bandwidth Management Setup: Services .................................................................... 67
Table 18 Bandwidth Management Wizard: General Information ........................................................... 69
Table 19 Bandwidth Management Wizard: Configuration ...................................................................... 70
Table 20 Internet Connection ................................................................................................................. 81
Table 21 Advanced Internet Connection Setup ..................................................................................... 83
Table 22 More Connections ................................................................................................................... 85
Table 23 More Connections Edit ............................................................................................................ 86
Table 24 More Connections Advanced Setup ....................................................................................... 88
Table 25 WAN Backup Setup ................................................................................................................ 90
Table 26 LAN IP ..................................................................................................................................... 99
Table 27 Advanced LAN Setup .............................................................................................................. 99
Table 28 DHCP Setup ......................................................................................................................... 101
Table 29 LAN Client List ...................................................................................................................... 102
Table 30 LAN IP Alias .......................................................................................................................... 104
Table 31 Types of Encryption for Each Type of Authentication ........................................................... 107
Table 32 Wireless LAN: General ......................................................................................................... 109
Table 33 Wireless No Security ..............................................................................................................110
Table 34 Wireless: Static WEP Encryption ...........................................................................................111
Table 35 Wireless: WPA-PSK/WPA2-PSK ............................................................................................112
Table 36 Wireless: WPA/WPA2 ............................................................................................................114
Table 37 Wireless LAN: Advanced .......................................................................................................116
Table 38 OTIST ....................................................................................................................................118
List of Tables
P-660HW-Dx v2 User’s Guide
28
Table 39 MAC Address Filter ............................................................................................................... 121
Table 40 WMM QoS Priorities ............................................................................................................. 122
Table 41 Commonly Used Services ..................................................................................................... 123
Table 42 Wireless Lan: QoS ................................................................................................................ 125
Table 43 Application Priority Configuration .......................................................................................... 126
Table 44 NAT Definitions ..................................................................................................................... 129
Table 45 NAT Mapping Types .............................................................................................................. 132
Table 46 NAT General ......................................................................................................................... 133
Table 47 Services and Port Numbers .................................................................................................. 134
Table 48 NAT Port Forwarding ............................................................................................................ 136
Table 49 Port Forwarding Rule Setup .................................................................................................. 137
Table 50 Address Mapping Rules ........................................................................................................ 138
Table 51 Edit Address Mapping Rule .................................................................................................. 140
Table 52 Common IP Ports .................................................................................................................. 145
Table 53 ICMP Commands That Trigger Alerts ................................................................................... 148
Table 54 Legal NetBIOS Commands ................................................................................................... 148
Table 55 Legal SMTP Commands ....................................................................................................... 148
Table 56 Firewall: General ................................................................................................................... 159
Table 57 Firewall Rules ....................................................................................................................... 160
Table 58 Firewall: Edit Rule ................................................................................................................. 163
Table 59 Customized Services ............................................................................................................ 164
Table 60 Firewall: Configure Customized Services ............................................................................. 165
Table 61 Predefined Services .............................................................................................................. 169
Table 62 Firewall: Anti Probing ............................................................................................................ 172
Table 63 Firewall: Threshold ................................................................................................................ 174
Table 64 Content Filter: Keyword ........................................................................................................ 178
Table 65 Content Filter: Schedule ....................................................................................................... 179
Table 66 Content Filter: Trusted .......................................................................................................... 179
Table 67 Static Route ........................................................................................................................... 184
Table 68 Static Route Edit ................................................................................................................... 185
Table 69 Application and Subnet-based Bandwidth Management Example ....................................... 188
Table 70 Maximize Bandwidth Usage Example ................................................................................... 189
Table 71 Priority-based Allotment of Unused and Unbudgeted Bandwidth Example .......................... 190
Table 72 Fairness-based Allotment of Unused and Unbudgeted Bandwidth Example ....................... 190
Table 73 Bandwidth Management Priorities ........................................................................................ 191
Table 74 Over Allotment of Bandwidth Example ................................................................................. 191
Table 75 Media Bandwidth Management: Summary ........................................................................... 192
Table 76 Bandwidth Management: Rule Setup ................................................................................... 193
Table 77 Sub-Classes of AF Services ................................................................................................. 194
Table 78 Bandwidth Management Rule Configuration ........................................................................ 195
Table 79 Services and Port Numbers .................................................................................................. 197
Table 80 Bandwidth Management Monitor .......................................................................................... 198
Table 81 Dynamic DNS ....................................................................................................................... 200
List of Tables
P-660HW-Dx v2 User’s Guide 29
Table 82 Remote Management: WWW ...............................................................................................205
Table 83 Remote Management: Telnet ................................................................................................ 206
Table 84 Remote Management: FTP ................................................................................................... 207
Table 85 SNMP Traps .......................................................................................................................... 209
Table 86 Remote Management: SNMP ............................................................................................... 210
Table 87 Remote Management: DNS ...................................................................................................211
Table 88 Remote Management: ICMP ................................................................................................ 212
Table 89 Configuring UPnP ................................................................................................................. 214
Table 90 System General Setup .......................................................................................................... 228
Table 91 System Time Setting ............................................................................................................. 230
Table 92 View Log ............................................................................................................................... 234
Table 93 Log Settings .......................................................................................................................... 235
Table 94 System Maintenance Logs .................................................................................................... 237
Table 95 System Error Logs ................................................................................................................ 238
Table 96 Access Control Logs ............................................................................................................. 238
Table 97 TCP Reset Logs .................................................................................................................... 239
Table 98 Packet Filter Logs ................................................................................................................. 239
Table 99 ICMP Logs ............................................................................................................................ 240
Table 100 CDR Logs ........................................................................................................................... 240
Table 101 PPP Logs ............................................................................................................................ 240
Table 102 UPnP Logs .......................................................................................................................... 241
Table 103 Content Filtering Logs ......................................................................................................... 241
Table 104 Attack Logs ......................................................................................................................... 242
Table 105 IPSec Logs .......................................................................................................................... 242
Table 106 IKE Logs ............................................................................................................................. 243
Table 107 PKI Logs ............................................................................................................................. 246
Table 108 Certificate Path Verification Failure Reason Codes ............................................................ 247
Table 109 ACL Setting Notes .............................................................................................................. 247
Table 110 ICMP Notes ......................................................................................................................... 248
Table 111 Syslog Logs ......................................................................................................................... 249
Table 112 RFC-2408 ISAKMP Payload Types .................................................................................... 249
Table 113 Firmware Upgrade .............................................................................................................. 252
Table 114 Maintenance Restore Configuration .................................................................................... 254
Table 115 Diagnostic: General ............................................................................................................. 257
Table 116 Diagnostic: DSL Line ........................................................................................................... 258
Table 117 Hardware Specifications ...................................................................................................... 265
Table 118 Firmware Specifications ...................................................................................................... 265
Table 119 Wireless Firmware Specifications ....................................................................................... 267
Table 120 Standards Supported .......................................................................................................... 267
Table 121 IEEE 802.11g ...................................................................................................................... 275
Table 122 Wireless Security Levels ..................................................................................................... 276
Table 123 Comparison of EAP Authentication Types .......................................................................... 279
Table 124 Wireless Security Relational Matrix .................................................................................... 282
List of Tables
P-660HW-Dx v2 User’s Guide
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Table 125 IP Address Network Number and Host ID Example ........................................................... 302
Table 126 Subnet Masks ..................................................................................................................... 303
Table 127 Maximum Host Numbers .................................................................................................... 303
Table 128 Alternative Subnet Mask Notation ....................................................................................... 303
Table 129 Subnet 1 .............................................................................................................................. 305
Table 130 Subnet 2 .............................................................................................................................. 306
Table 131 Subnet 3 .............................................................................................................................. 306
Table 132 Subnet 4 .............................................................................................................................. 306
Table 133 Eight Subnets ...................................................................................................................... 306
Table 134 24-bit Network Number Subnet Planning ............................................................................ 307
Table 135 16-bit Network Number Subnet Planning ............................................................................ 307
Table 136 Firewall Commands .............................................................................................................311
Table 137 Abbreviations Used in the Example Internal SPTGEN Screens Table ............................... 320
Table 138 Menu 1 General Setup ........................................................................................................ 320
Table 139 Menu 3 ................................................................................................................................ 320
Table 140 Menu 4 Internet Access Setup ............................................................................................ 322
Table 141 Menu 12 .............................................................................................................................. 324
Table 142 Menu 15 SUA Server Setup ................................................................................................ 324
Table 143 Menu 21.1 Filter Set #1 ....................................................................................................... 326
Table 144 Menu 21.1 Filer Set #2, ....................................................................................................... 327
Table 145 Menu 23 System Menus ..................................................................................................... 329
Table 146 Menu 24.11 Remote Management Control ......................................................................... 330
Table 147 Command Examples ........................................................................................................... 331
Table 148 NetBIOS Filter Default Settings .......................................................................................... 340
31
PART I
Introduction
Introducing the ZyXEL Device (33)
Introducing the Web Configurator (39)
32
P-660HW-Dx v2 User’s Guide 33
CHAPTER 1
Introducing the ZyXEL Device
This chapter introduces the main applications and features of the ZyXEL Device. It also
introduces the ways you can manage the ZyXEL Device.
1.1 Overview
The ZyXEL Device is an IEEE 802.11b/g wireless ADSL2+ gateway that allows super-fast,
secure Internet access over analog (POTS), digital (ISDN) telephone lines (depending on your
model) or by wireless.
In the ZyXEL Device product name, “H” denotes an integrated 4-port switch (hub) and “W”
denotes an included wireless LAN card that provides wireless connectivity. D MEANS
WHAT?
See the Product Specifications appendix for a full list of features.
Model names ending in “1”, for example P-660H/HW-D Series, denote a device that works
over the analog telephone system, POTS (Plain Old Telephone Service). Model names ending
in “3” denote a device that works over ISDN (Integrated Services Digital Network).
The DSL RJ-11 (ADSL over POTS models) or RJ-45 (ADSL over ISDN models) connects to
your ADSL-enabled telephone line.
1Only use firmware for your ZyXEL Device’s specific model. Refer to the label on
the bottom of your ZyXEL Device.
The ZyXEL Device is the ideal high-speed Internet access solution. It is compatible with all
major ADSL DSLAM (Digital Subscriber Line Access Multiplexer) providers and supports
the ADSL standards as shown in Table 1 on page 34. In addition, the ZyXEL Device with its
wireless features allows wireless clients access to your wired network resources and to the
Internet.
The ZyXEL Device provides protection from attacks by Internet hackers. By default, the
firewall blocks all incoming traffic from the WAN. The firewall supports TCP/UDP
inspection and DoS (Denial of Services) detection and prevention, as well as real time alerts,
reports and logs.
A typical Internet access application is shown below
Chapter 1 Introducing the ZyXEL Device
P-660HW-Dx v2 User’s Guide
34
Figure 1 Protected Internet Access Applications
You can also use the ZyXEL Device to connect two geographically dispersed networks over
the ADSL line. A typical LAN-to-LAN application example is shown as follows.
Figure 2 LAN-to-LAN Application Example
The ZyXEL Device is compatible with the ADSL/ADSL2/ADSL2+ standards. Maximum data
rates attainable for each standard are shown in the next table.
"If your ZyXEL Device does not support Annex M, the maximum ADSL2/2+
upstream data rate is 1.2 Mbps. ZyXEL Devices which work over ISDN do not
support Annex M.
"The standard your ISP supports determines the maximum upstream and
downstream speeds attainable. Actual speeds attained also depend on the
distance from your ISP, line quality, etc.
Table 1 ADSL Standards
DATA RATE STANDARD UPSTREAM DOWNSTREAM
ADSL 832 kbps 8Mbps
ADSL2 3.5Mbps 12Mbps
ADSL2+ 3.5Mbps 24Mbps
Chapter 1 Introducing the ZyXEL Device
P-660HW-Dx v2 User’s Guide 35
1.2 Ways to Manage the ZyXEL Device
Use any of the following methods to manage the ZyXEL Device.
• Web Configurator. This is recommended for everyday management of the ZyXEL Device
using a (supported) web browser.
• Command Line Interface. Line commands are mostly used for troubleshooting by service
engineers.
• FTP for firmware upgrades and configuration backup/restore (Chapter 19 on page 251)
• SNMP. The device can be monitored by an SNMP manager. See the SNMP chapter in this
User’s Guide.
• SPTGEN. SPTGEN is a text configuration file that allows you to configure the device by
uploading an SPTGEN file. This is especially convenient if you need to configure many
devices of the same type.
1.3 Good Habits for Managing the ZyXEL Device
Do the following things regularly to make the ZyXEL Device more secure and to manage the
ZyXEL Device more effectively.
• Change the password. Use a password that’s not easy to guess and that consists of
different types of characters, such as numbers and letters.
• Write down the password and put it in a safe place.
• Back up the configuration (and make sure you know how to restore it). Restoring an
earlier working configuration may be useful if the device becomes unstable or even
crashes. If you forget your password, you will have to reset the ZyXEL Device to its
factory default settings. If you backed up an earlier configuration file, you would not have
to totally re-configure the ZyXEL Device. You could simply restore your last
configuration.
1.4 LEDs
The following figure shows the ZyXEL Device’s LEDs.
Figure 3 Front Panel
Chapter 1 Introducing the ZyXEL Device
P-660HW-Dx v2 User’s Guide
36
The following table describes the LEDs.
1.5 Hardware Connections
Refer to the Quick Start Guide for information on hardware connections.
1.5.1 Splitters and Microfilters
1.5.1.1 Connecting a POTS Splitter
When you use the Full Rate (G.dmt) ADSL standard, you can use a POTS (Plain Old
Telephone Service) splitter to separate the telephone and ADSL signals. This allows
simultaneous Internet access and telephone service on the same line. A splitter also eliminates
the destructive interference conditions caused by telephone sets.
Install the POTS splitter at the point where the telephone line enters your residence, as shown
in the following figure.
Table 2 Front Panel LEDs
LED COLOR STATUS DESCRIPTION
POWER Green On The ZyXEL Device is receiving power and functioning
properly.
Blinking The ZyXEL Device is rebooting or performing diagnostics.
Red On Power to the ZyXEL Device is too low.
Off The system is not ready or has malfunctioned.
ETHERNET Green On The ZyXEL Device has a successful 10Mb Ethernet
connection.
Blinking The ZyXEL Device is sending/receiving data.
Amber On The ZyXEL Device has a successful 100Mb Ethernet
connection.
Blinking The ZyXEL Device is sending/receiving data.
Off The LAN is not connected.
WLAN Green On The ZyXEL Device is ready, but is not sending/receiving data
through the wireless LAN.
Blinking The ZyXEL Device is sending/receiving data through the
wireless LAN.
Off The wireless LAN is not ready or has failed.
DSL Green On The DSL line is up.
Blinking The ZyXEL Device is initializing the DSL line.
Off The DSL line is down.
INTERNET Green On The Internet connection is up.
Blinking The ZyXEL Device is initializing the DSL line.
Off The DSL line is down.
Chapter 1 Introducing the ZyXEL Device
P-660HW-Dx v2 User’s Guide 37
Figure 4 Connecting a POTS Splitter
1Connect the side labeled “Phone” to your telephone.
2Connect the side labeled “Modem” or “DSL” to your ZyXEL Device.
3Connect the side labeled “Line” to the telephone wall jack.
1.5.1.2 Telephone Microfilters
Telephone voice transmissions take place in the lower frequency range, 0 - 4KHz, while
ADSL transmissions take place in the higher bandwidth range, above 4KHz. A microfilter acts
as a low-pass filter, for your telephone, to ensure that ADSL transmissions do not interfere
with your telephone voice transmissions. The use of a telephone microfilter is optional.
1Locate and disconnect each telephone.
2Connect a cable from the wall jack to the “wall side” of the microfilter.
3Connect the “phone side” of the microfilter to your telephone as shown in the following
figure.
4After you are done, make sure that your telephone works. If your telephone does not
work, disconnect the microfilter and contact either your local telephone company or the
provider of the microfilter.
Figure 5 Connecting a Microfilter
You can also use a Y-Connector with a microfilter in order to connect both your modem and a
telephone to the same wall jack without using a POTS splitter.
1Connect a phone cable from the wall jack to the single jack end of the Y-Connector.
Chapter 1 Introducing the ZyXEL Device
P-660HW-Dx v2 User’s Guide
38
2Connect a cable from the double jack end of the Y-Connector to the “wall side” of the
microfilter.
3Connect another cable from the double jack end of the Y-Connector to the ZyXEL
Device.
4Connect the “phone side” of the microfilter to your telephone as shown in the following
figure.
Figure 6 Connecting a Microfilter and Y-Connector
1.5.1.3 ZyXEL Device With ISDN
This section relates to people who use their ZyXEL Device with ADSL over ISDN (digital
telephone service) only. The following is an example installation for the ZyXEL Device with
ISDN.
Figure 7 ZyXEL Device with ISDN
P-660HW-Dx v2 User’s Guide 39
CHAPTER 2
Introducing the Web
Configurator
This chapter describes how to access and navigate the web configurator.
2.1 Web Configurator Overview
The web configurator is an HTML-based management interface that allows easy ZyXEL
Device setup and management via Internet browser. Use Internet Explorer 6.0 and later or
Netscape Navigator 7.0 and later versions. The recommended screen resolution is 1024 by 768
pixels.
In order to use the web configurator you need to allow:
• Web browser pop-up windows from your device. Web pop-up blocking is enabled by
default in Windows XP SP (Service Pack) 2.
• JavaScripts (enabled by default).
• Java permissions (enabled by default).
See the chapter on troubleshooting if you need to make sure these functions are allowed in
Internet Explorer.
2.2 Accessing the Web Configurator
"Even though you can connect to the ZyXEL Device wirelessly, it is
recommended that you connect your computer to a LAN port for initial
configuration.
1Make sure your ZyXEL Device hardware is properly connected (refer to the Quick Start
Guide).
2Prepare your computer/computer network to connect to the ZyXEL Device (refer to the
Quick Start Guide).
3Launch your web browser.
4Type "192.168.1.1" as the URL.
Chapter 2 Introducing the Web Configurator
P-660HW-Dx v2 User’s Guide
40
5A window displays as shown.
Figure 8 Password Screen
2.2.1 User Access
1For user access enter the default user password user to view the status only. The
following window will appear.
Figure 9 User status screen
2.2.2 Administrator Access
1For administrator access enter the default admin password 1234 to configure the wizards
and the advanced features.
2Click Login to proceed to a screen asking you to change your password or click Cancel
to revert to the default password.
3If you entered the admin password, it is highly recommended you change the default
admin password! Enter a new password between 1 and 30 characters, retype it to
confirm and click Apply. Alternatively click Ignore to proceed to the main menu if you
do not want to change the password now.
Chapter 2 Introducing the Web Configurator
P-660HW-Dx v2 User’s Guide 41
"If you do not change the password at least once, the following screen appears
every time you log in with the admin password.
Figure 10 Change Password at Login
4Select Go to Wizard setup and click Apply to display the wizard main screen.
Otherwise, select Go to Advanced setup and click Apply to display the Status screen.
Figure 11 Select a Mode
"The management session automatically times out when the time period set in
the Administrator Inactivity Timer field expires (default five minutes). Simply
log back into the ZyXEL Device if this happens.
Chapter 2 Introducing the Web Configurator
P-660HW-Dx v2 User’s Guide
42
2.3 Resetting the ZyXEL Device
If you forget your password or cannot access the web configurator, you will need to use the
RESET button at the back of the ZyXEL Device to reload the factory-default configuration
file. This means that you will lose all configurations that you had previously and the password
will be reset to “1234”.
2.3.1 Using the Reset Button
1Make sure the POWER LED is on (not blinking).
2Press the RESET button for ten seconds or until the POWER LED begins to blink and
then release it. When the POWER LED begins to blink, the defaults have been restored
and the ZyXEL Device restarts.
2.4 Navigating the Web Configurator
2.4.1 Navigation Panel
After you enter the admin password, use the sub-menus on the navigation panel to configure
ZyXEL Device features. The following table describes the sub-menus.
Figure 12 Web Configurator: Main Screen
"Click the icon (located in the top right corner of most screens) to view
embedded help.
Use the
submenus
to configure
ZyXEL
Device
features.
Click the Logout icon at any time
to exit the web configurator.
Chapter 2 Introducing the Web Configurator
P-660HW-Dx v2 User’s Guide 43
Table 3 Web Configurator Screens Summary
LINK/ICON SUB-LINK FUNCTION
Wizard INTERNET/
WIRELESS
SETUP
Use these screens for initial configuration including general
setup, ISP parameters for Internet Access and WAN IP/DNS
Server/MAC address assignment.
BANDWIDTH
MANAGEMENT
SETUP
Use these screens to limit bandwidth usage by application or
packet type.
Logout Click this icon to exit the web configurator.
Status This screen shows the ZyXEL Device’s general device, system
and interface status information. Use this screen to access the
summary statistics tables.
Network
WAN Internet
Connection
This screen allows you to configure ISP parameters, WAN IP
address assignment, DNS servers and other advanced
properties.
More Connections Use this screen to view and configure other connections for
placing calls to another remote gateway.
WAN Backup
Setup
Use this screen to configure your traffic redirect properties and
WAN backup settings.
LAN IP Use this screen to configure LAN TCP/IP settings, enable Any
IP and other advanced properties.
DHCP Setup Use this screen to configure LAN DHCP settings.
Client List Use this screen to view current DHCP client information and to
always assign an IP address to a MAC address (and host
name).
IP Alias Use this screen to partition your LAN interface into subnets.
NAT General Use this screen to enable NAT.
Port Forwarding Use this screen to configure servers behind the ZyXEL Device.
Address Mapping Use this screen to configure network address translation
mapping rules.
Security
Firewall General Use this screen to activate/deactivate the firewall and the
direction of network traffic to which to apply the rule.
Rules This screen shows a summary of the firewall rules, and allows
you to edit/add a firewall rule.
Anti Probing Use this screen to change your anti-probing settings.
Threshold Use this screen to configure the threshold for DoS attacks.
Content Filter Keyword Use this screen to block sites containing certain keywords in
the URL.
Schedule Use this screen to set the days and times for the ZyXEL
Device to perform content filtering.
Trusted Use this screen to exclude a range of users on the LAN from
content filtering on your ZyXEL Device.
Advanced
Static Route Use this screen to configure IP static routes.
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2.4.2 Status Screen
The following summarizes how to navigate the web configurator from the Status screen.
Some fields or links are not available if you entered the user password in the login password
screen (see Figure 9 on page 40). Not all fields are available on all models.
Bandwidth
MGMT
Summary Use this screen to enable bandwidth management on an
interface.
Rule Setup Use this screen to define a bandwidth rule.
Monitor Use this screen to view the ZyXEL Device’s bandwidth usage
and allotments.
Dynamic DNS Use this screen to set up dynamic DNS.
Remote MGMT WWW Use this screen to configure through which interface(s) and
from which IP address(es) users can use HTTPS or HTTP to
manage the ZyXEL Device.
Te l n e t Use this screen to configure through which interface(s) and
from which IP address(es) users can use Telnet to manage the
ZyXEL Device.
FTP Use this screen to configure through which interface(s) and
from which IP address(es) users can use FTP to access the
ZyXEL Device.
SNMP Use this screen to configure your ZyXEL Device’s settings for
Simple Network Management Protocol management.
DNS Use this screen to configure through which interface(s) and
from which IP address(es) users can send DNS queries to the
ZyXEL Device.
ICMP Use this screen to change your anti-probing settings.
UPnP Use this screen to enable UPnP on the ZyXEL Device.
Maintenance
System General This screen contains administrative and system-related
information and also allows you to change your password.
Time Setting Use this screen to change your ZyXEL Device’s time and date.
Logs View Log Use this screen to view the logs for the categories that you
selected.
Log Settings Use this screen to change your ZyXEL Device’s log settings.
Tools Firmware Use this screen to upload firmware to your ZyXEL Device.
Configuration Use this screen to backup and restore the configuration or
reset the factory defaults to your ZyXEL Device.
Restart This screen allows you to reboot the ZyXEL Device without
turning the power off.
Diagnostic General These screens display information to help you identify
problems with the ZyXEL Device general connection.
DSL Line These screens display information to help you identify
problems with the DSL line.
Table 3 Web Configurator Screens Summary (continued)
LINK/ICON SUB-LINK FUNCTION
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Figure 13 Status Screen
The following table describes the labels shown in the Status screen.
Table 4 Status Screen
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Refresh Interval Select a number of seconds or None from the drop-down list box to refresh all
screen statistics automatically at the end of every time interval or to not refresh the
screen statistics.
Apply Click this button to refresh the status screen statistics.
Device Information
Host Name This is the System Name you enter in the Maintenance > System > General
screen. It is for identification purposes.
Model Number This is your ZyXEL Device’s model name.
MAC Address This is the MAC (Media Access Control) or Ethernet address unique to your
ZyXEL Device.
ZyNOS Firmware
Version
This is the ZyNOS firmware version and the date created. ZyNOS is ZyXEL's
proprietary Network Operating System design.
DSL Firmware
Version
This is the DSL firmware version associated with your ZyXEL Device. This is
sometimes needed by technicians to help troubleshoot problems.
WAN Information
DSL Mode This is the standard that your ZyXEL Device is using.
IP Address This is the WAN port IP address.
IP Subnet Mask This is the WAN port IP subnet mask.
Default Gateway This is the IP address of the default gateway, if applicable.
VPI/VCI This is the Virtual Path Identifier and Virtual Channel Identifier that you entered in
the wizard or WAN screen.
LAN Information
IP Address This is the LAN port IP address.
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IP Subnet Mask This is the LAN port IP subnet mask.
DHCP This is the WAN port DHCP role - Server, Relay or None.
WLAN Information (Wireless devices only)
SSID This is the descriptive name used to identify the ZyXEL Device in the wireless
LAN.
Channel This is the channel number used by the ZyXEL Device now.
Security This displays the level of wireless security the ZyXEL Device is using.
Security
Firewall This displays whether or not the ZyXEL Device’s firewall is activated.
Content Filter This displays whether or not the ZyXEL Device’s content filtering is activated.
System Status
System Uptime This is the total time the ZyXEL Device has been on.
Current Date/
Time
This field displays your ZyXEL Device’s present date and time.
System Mode This displays whether the ZyXEL Device is functioning as a router or a bridge.
CPU Usage This number shows how many kilobytes of the heap memory the ZyXEL Device is
using. Heap memory refers to the memory that is not used by ZyNOS (ZyXEL
Network Operating System) and is thus available for running processes like NAT,
VPN and the firewall.
The bar displays what percent of the ZyXEL Device's heap memory is in use. The
bar turns from green to red when the maximum is being approached.
Memory Usage This number shows the ZyXEL Device's total heap memory (in kilobytes).
The bar displays what percent of the ZyXEL Device's heap memory is in use. The
bar turns from green to red when the maximum is being approached.
Interface Status
Interface This displays the ZyXEL Device port types.
Status This field displays Down (line is down), Up (line is up or connected) if you're using
Ethernet encapsulation and Down (line is down), Up (line is up or connected), Idle
(line (ppp) idle), Dial (starting to trigger a call) and Drop (dropping a call) if you're
using PPPoE encapsulation.
Rate For the LAN ports, this displays the port speed and duplex setting.
Ethernet port connections can be in half-duplex or full-duplex mode. Full-duplex
refers to a device's ability to send and receive simultaneously, while half-duplex
indicates that traffic can flow in only one direction at a time. The Ethernet port
must use the same speed or duplex mode setting as the peer Ethernet port in
order to connect.
For the WAN port, it displays the downstream and upstream transmission rate.
Summary
Any IP Table Use this screen to view a list of IP addresses and MAC addresses of computers,
which are not in the same subnet as the ZyXEL Device.
WLAN Status
(Wireless devices
only)
This screen displays the MAC address(es) of the wireless stations that are
currently associating with the ZyXEL Device.
Bandwidth Status Use this screen to view the ZyXEL Device’s bandwidth usage and allotments.
Packet Statistics Use this screen to view port status and packet specific statistics.
Table 4 Status Screen (continued)
LABEL DESCRIPTION
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2.4.3 Status: Any IP Table
Click the Any IP Table hyperlink in the Status screen. The Any IP table shows current read-
only information (including the IP address and the MAC address) of all network devices that
use the Any IP feature to communicate with the ZyXEL Device.
Figure 14 Status: Any IP Table
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
2.4.4 Status: WLAN Status
Click the WLAN Status hyperlink in the Status screen to view the wireless stations that are
currently associated to the ZyXEL Device.
Figure 15 Status: WLAN Status
Table 5 Status: Any IP Table
LABEL DESCRIPTION
# This is the index number of the host computer.
IP Address This field displays the IP address of the network device.
MAC Address This field displays the MAC (Media Access Control) address of the computer with the
displayed IP address.
Every Ethernet device has a unique MAC address. The MAC address is assigned at
the factory and consists of six pairs of hexadecimal characters, for example,
00:A0:C5:00:00:02.
Refresh Click Refresh to update this screen.
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The following table describes the labels in this screen.
2.4.5 Status: Bandwidth Status
Click the Bandwidth Status hyperlink in the Status screen. Select an interface from the drop-
down list box to view the bandwidth usage of its bandwidth rules. The gray section of the bar
represents the percentage of unused bandwidth and the blue color represents the percentage of
bandwidth in use.
Figure 16 Status: Bandwidth Status
2.4.6 Status: Packet Statistics
Click the Packet Statistics hyperlink in the Status screen. Read-only information here
includes port status and packet specific statistics. Also provided are "system up time" and "poll
interval(s)". The Poll Interval(s) field is configurable. Not all fields are available on all
models
Table 6 Status: WLAN Status
LABEL DESCRIPTION
# This is the index number of an associated wireless station.
MAC Address This field displays the MAC (Media Access Control) address of an associated wireless
station.
Association
TIme
This field displays the time a wireless station first associated with the ZyXEL Device.
Refresh Click Refresh to reload this screen.
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Figure 17 Status: Packet Statistics
The following table describes the fields in this screen.
Table 7 Status: Packet Statistics
LABEL DESCRIPTION
System Monitor
System up Time This is the elapsed time the system has been up.
Current Date/Time This field displays your ZyXEL Device’s present date and time.
CPU Usage This field specifies the percentage of CPU utilization.
Memory Usage This field specifies the percentage of memory utilization.
WAN Port Statistics
Link Status This is the status of your WAN link.
WAN IP Address This is the IP address of your WAN.
Upstream Speed This is the upstream speed of your ZyXEL Device.
Downstream Speed This is the downstream speed of your ZyXEL Device.
Node-Link This field displays the remote node index number and link type. Link types are
PPPoA, ENET, RFC 1483 and PPPoE.
Status This field displays Down (line is down), Up (line is up or connected) if you're
using Ethernet encapsulation and Down (line is down), Up (line is up or
connected), Idle (line (ppp) idle), Dial (starting to trigger a call) and Drop
(dropping a call) if you're using PPPoE encapsulation.
TxPkts This field displays the number of packets transmitted on this port.
RxPkts This field displays the number of packets received on this port.
Errors This field displays the number of error packets on this port.
Tx B/s This field displays the number of bytes transmitted in the last second.
Rx B/s This field displays the number of bytes received in the last second.
Up Time This field displays the elapsed time this port has been up.
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2.4.7 Changing Login Password
It is highly recommended that you periodically change the password for accessing the ZyXEL
Device. If you didn’t change the default one after you logged in or you want to change to a
new password again, then click Maintenance > System to display the screen shown next. See
Table 90 on page 228 for detailed field descriptions.
Figure 18 System General
LAN Port Statistics
Interface This field displays the type of port.
Status This field displays Down (line is down), Up (line is up or connected) if you're
using Ethernet encapsulation and Down (line is down), Up (line is up or
connected), Idle (line (ppp) idle), Dial (starting to trigger a call) and Drop
(dropping a call) if you're using PPPoE encapsulation.
TxPkts This field displays the number of packets transmitted on this port.
RxPkts This field displays the number of packets received on this port.
Collisions This is the number of collisions on this port.
Poll Interval(s) Type the time interval for the browser to refresh system statistics.
Set Interval Click this button to apply the new poll interval you entered in the Poll Interval
field above.
Stop Click this button to halt the refreshing of the system statistics.
Table 7 Status: Packet Statistics (continued)
LABEL DESCRIPTION
51
PART II
Wizards
Wizard Setup for Internet Access (53)
Bandwidth Management Wizard (67)
52
P-660HW-Dx v2 User’s Guide 53
CHAPTER 3
Wizard Setup for Internet Access
This chapter provides information on the Wizard Setup screens for Internet access in the web
configurator.
3.1 Introduction
Use the wizard setup screens to configure your system for Internet access with the information
given to you by your ISP.
"See the advanced menu chapters for background information on these fields.
3.2 Internet Access Wizard Setup
1After you enter the admin password to access the web configurator, select Go to Wizard
setup and click Apply. Otherwise, click the wizard icon ( ) in the top right corner of
the web configurator to display the wizard main screen.
Figure 19 Select a Mode
2Click INTERNET/WIRELESS SETUP to configure the system for Internet access.
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Figure 20 Wizard: Welcome
3The wizard attempts to detect which WAN connection type you are using.
If the wizard detects your connection type and your ISP uses PPPoE or PPPoA, go to
Section 3.2.1 on page 55. The screen varies depending on the connection type you use.
If the wizard does not detect a connection type and the following screen appears (see
Figure 21 on page 54), check your hardware connections and click Restart the Internet/
Wireless Setup Wizard to have the ZyXEL Device detect your connection again.
Figure 21 Auto Detection: No DSL Connection
If the wizard still cannot detect a connection type and the following screen appears (see
Figure 22 on page 55), click Next and refer to Section 3.2.2 on page 55 on how to
configure the ZyXEL Device for Internet access manually.
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Figure 22 Auto Detection: Failed
3.2.1 Automatic Detection
1If you have a PPPoE or PPPoA connection, a screen displays prompting you to enter
your Internet account information. Enter the username, password and/or service name
exactly as provided.
2Click Next.
Figure 23 Auto-Detection: PPPoE
3.2.2 Manual Configuration
1If the ZyXEL Device fails to detect your DSL connection type, enter the Internet access
information given to you by your ISP exactly in the wizard screen. If not given, leave the
fields set to the default.
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Figure 24 Internet Access Wizard Setup: ISP Parameters
The following table describes the fields in this screen.
2The next wizard screen varies depending on what mode and encapsulation type you use.
All screens shown are with routing mode. Configure the fields and click Next to
continue.
Table 8 Internet Access Wizard Setup: ISP Parameters
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Mode From the Mode drop-down list box, select Routing (default) if your ISP allows
multiple computers to share an Internet account. Otherwise select Bridge.
Encapsulation Select the encapsulation type your ISP uses from the Encapsulation drop-down list
box. Choices vary depending on what you select in the Mode field.
If you select Bridge in the Mode field, select either PPPoA or RFC 1483.
If you select Routing in the Mode field, select PPPoA, RFC 1483, ENET ENCAP or
PPPoE.
Multiplexing Select the multiplexing method used by your ISP from the Multiplex drop-down list
box either VC-based or LLC-based.
Virtual Circuit
ID
VPI (Virtual Path Identifier) and VCI (Virtual Channel Identifier) define a virtual circuit.
Refer to the appendix for more information.
VPI Enter the VPI assigned to you. This field may already be configured.
VCI Enter the VCI assigned to you. This field may already be configured.
Back Click Back to go back to the previous screen.
Next Click Next to continue to the next wizard screen. The next wizard screen you see
depends on what protocol you chose above.
Exit Click Exit to close the wizard screen without saving your changes.
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Figure 25 Internet Connection with PPPoE
The following table describes the fields in this screen.
Figure 26 Internet Connection with RFC 1483
The following table describes the fields in this screen.
Table 9 Internet Connection with PPPoE
LABEL DESCRIPTION
User Name Enter the user name exactly as your ISP assigned. If assigned a name in the form
user@domain where domain identifies a service name, then enter both components
exactly as given.
Password Enter the password associated with the user name above.
Service Name Type the name of your PPPoE service here.
Back Click Back to go back to the previous wizard screen.
Apply Click Apply to save your changes to the ZyXEL Device.
Exit Click Exit to close the wizard screen without saving your changes.
Table 10 Internet Connection with RFC 1483
LABEL DESCRIPTION
IP Address This field is available if you select Routing in the Mode field.
Type your ISP assigned IP address in this field.
Back Click Back to go back to the previous wizard screen.
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Figure 27 Internet Connection with ENET ENCAP
The following table describes the fields in this screen.
Next Click Next to continue to the next wizard screen.
Exit Click Exit to close the wizard screen without saving your changes.
Table 11 Internet Connection with ENET ENCAP
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Obtain an IP
Address
Automatically
A static IP address is a fixed IP that your ISP gives you. A dynamic IP address is not
fixed; the ISP assigns you a different one each time you connect to the Internet.
Select Obtain an IP Address Automatically if you have a dynamic IP address.
Static IP
Address
Select Static IP Address if your ISP gives you a fixed IP address.
IP Address Enter your ISP assigned IP address.
Subnet Mask Enter a subnet mask in dotted decimal notation.
Refer to the appendices to calculate a subnet mask If you are implementing
subnetting.
Gateway IP
address
You must specify a gateway IP address (supplied by your ISP) when you use ENET
ENCAP in the Encapsulation field in the previous screen.
First DNS
Server
Enter the IP addresses of the DNS servers. The DNS servers are passed to the DHCP
clients along with the IP address and the subnet mask.
Second DNS
Server
As above.
Back Click Back to go back to the previous wizard screen.
Apply Click Apply to save your changes to the ZyXEL Device.
Exit Click Exit to close the wizard screen without saving your changes.
Table 10 Internet Connection with RFC 1483 (continued)
LABEL DESCRIPTION
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Figure 28 Internet Connection with PPPoA
The following table describes the fields in this screen.
• If the user name and/or password you entered for PPPoE or PPPoA connection are not
correct, the screen displays as shown next. Click Back to Username and Password setup
to go back to the screen where you can modify them.
Figure 29 Connection Test Failed-1
• If the following screen displays, check if your account is activated or click Restart the
Internet/Wireless Setup Wizard to verify your Internet access settings.
Table 12 Internet Connection with PPPoA
LABEL DESCRIPTION
User Name Enter the login name that your ISP gives you.
Password Enter the password associated with the user name above.
Back Click Back to go back to the previous wizard screen.
Apply Click Apply to save your changes to the ZyXEL Device.
Exit Click Exit to close the wizard screen without saving your changes.
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Figure 30 Connection Test Failed-2.
3.3 Wireless Connection Wizard Setup
After you configure the Internet access information, use the following screens to set up your
wireless LAN.
1Select Ye s and click Next to configure wireless settings. Otherwise, select No and skip to
Step 6.
Figure 31 Connection Test Successful
2Use this screen to activate the wireless LAN and OTIST. Click Next to continue.
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Figure 32 Wireless LAN Setup Wizard 1
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
3Configure your wireless settings in this screen. Click Next.
Table 13 Wireless LAN Setup Wizard 1
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Active Select the check box to turn on the wireless LAN.
Enable OTIST Select the check box to enable OTIST if you want to transfer your ZyXEL
Device’s SSID and WPA-PSK security settings to wireless clients that support
OTIST and are within transmission range.
You must also activate and start OTIST on the wireless client at the same time.
The process takes three minutes to complete.
Note: Enable OTIST only if your wireless clients support WPA
and OTIST.
Setup Key Type an OTIST Setup Key of up to eight ASCII characters in length. Be sure to
use the same OTIST Setup Key on the ZyXEL Device and wireless clients.
Back Click Back to display the previous screen.
Next Click Next to proceed to the next screen.
Exit Click Exit to close the wizard screen without saving.
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Figure 33 Wireless LAN Setup Wizard 2
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 14 Wireless LAN Setup Wizard 2
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Network
Name(SSID)
Enter a descriptive name (up to 32 printable 7-bit ASCII characters) for the wireless
LAN.
If you change this field on the ZyXEL Device, make sure all wireless stations use the
same SSID in order to access the network.
Channel
Selection
The range of radio frequencies used by IEEE 802.11b/g wireless devices is called a
channel. Select a channel ID that is not already in use by a neighboring device.
Security Select Automatically assign a WPA key (Recommended) to have the ZyXEL
Device create a pre-shared key (WPA-PSK) automatically only if your wireless clients
support WPA and OTIST. This option is available only when you enable OTIST in the
previous wizard screen.
Select Manually assign a WPA-PSK key to configure a pre-shared key (WPA-PSK).
Choose this option only if your wireless clients support WPA. See Section 3.3.1 on
page 63 for more information.
Select Manually assign a WEP key to configure a WEP Key. See Section 3.3.2 on
page 63 for more information.
Select Disable wireless security to have no wireless LAN security configured and
your network is accessible to any wireless networking device that is within range.
Note: If you enable OTIST in the previous wizard screen but select
Disable wireless security here, the ZyXEL Device still creates
a pre-shared key (WPA-PSK) automatically.
If you enable OTIST and select Manually assign a WEP key,
the ZyXEL Device will replace the WEP key with a WPA-PSK.
Back Click Back to display the previous screen.
Next Click Next to proceed to the next screen.
Exit Click Exit to close the wizard screen without saving.
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"The wireless stations and ZyXEL Device must use the same SSID, channel ID
and WEP encryption key (if WEP is enabled), WPA-PSK (if WPA-PSK is enabled)
for wireless communication.
4This screen varies depending on the security mode you selected in the previous screen.
Fill in the field (if available) and click Next.
3.3.1 Manually assign a WPA-PSK key
Choose Manually assign a WPA-PSK key in the Wireless LAN setup screen to set up a Pre-
Shared Key.
Figure 34 Manually assign a WPA key
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
3.3.2 Manually assign a WEP key
Choose Manually assign a WEP key to setup WEP Encryption parameters.
Table 15 Manually assign a WPA key
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Pre-Shared
Key
Type from 8 to 63 case-sensitive ASCII characters. You can set up the most secure
wireless connection by configuring WPA in the wireless LAN screens. You need to
configure an authentication server to do this.
Back Click Back to display the previous screen.
Next Click Next to proceed to the next screen.
Exit Click Exit to close the wizard screen without saving.
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Figure 35 Manually assign a WEP key
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
5Click Apply to save your wireless LAN settings.
Figure 36 Wireless LAN Setup 3
Table 16 Manually assign a WEP key
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Key The WEP keys are used to encrypt data. Both the ZyXEL Device and the wireless
stations must use the same WEP key for data transmission.
Enter any 5, 13 or 29 ASCII characters or 10, 26 or 58 hexadecimal characters ("0-9",
"A-F") for a 64-bit, 128-bit or 256-bit WEP key respectively.
Back Click Back to display the previous screen.
Next Click Next to proceed to the next screen.
Exit Click Exit to close the wizard screen without saving.
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6Use the read-only summary table to check whether what you have configured is correct.
Click Finish to complete and save the wizard setup.
Figure 37 Internet Access and WLAN Wizard Setup Complete
7Launch your web browser and navigate to www.zyxel.com. Internet access is just the
beginning. Refer to the rest of this guide for more detailed information on the complete
range of ZyXEL Device features. If you cannot access the Internet, open the web
configurator again to confirm that the Internet settings you configured in the wizard setup
are correct.
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CHAPTER 4
Bandwidth Management Wizard
This chapter shows you how to configure basic bandwidth management using the wizard
screens.
4.1 Introduction
Bandwidth management allows you to control the amount of bandwidth going out through the
ZyXEL Device’s WAN port and prioritize the distribution of the bandwidth according to
service bandwidth requirements. This helps keep one service from using all of the available
bandwidth and shutting out other users.
4.2 Predefined Media Bandwidth Management Services
The following is a description of the services that you can select and to which you can apply
media bandwidth management using the wizard screens.
Table 17 Media Bandwidth Management Setup: Services
SERVICE DESCRIPTION
WWW The World Wide Web (WWW) is an Internet system to distribute graphical, hyper-
linked information, based on Hyper Text Transfer Protocol (HTTP) - a client/server
protocol for the World Wide Web. The Web is not synonymous with the Internet;
rather, it is just one service on the Internet. Other services on the Internet include
Internet Relay Chat and Newsgroups. The Web is accessed through use of a
browser.
FTP File Transfer Protocol enables fast transfer of files, including large files that may
not be possible by e-mail. FTP uses port number 21.
E-Mail Electronic mail consists of messages sent through a computer network to specific
groups or individuals. Here are some default ports for e-mail:
POP3 - port 110
IMAP - port 143
SMTP - port 25
HTTP - port 80
Telnet Telnet is the login and terminal emulation protocol common on the Internet and in
UNIX environments. It operates over TCP/IP networks. Its primary function is to
allow users to log into remote host systems. Telnet uses TCP port 23.
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4.3 Bandwidth Management Wizard Setup
1After you enter the admin password to access the web configurator, select Go to Wizard
setup and click Apply. Otherwise, click the wizard icon ( ) in the top right corner of
the web configurator to display the wizard main screen.
Figure 38 Select a Mode
NetMeeting
(H.323)
A multimedia communications product from Microsoft that enables groups to
teleconference and videoconference over the Internet. NetMeeting supports VoIP,
text chat sessions, a whiteboard, file transfers and application sharing.
NetMeeting uses H.323. H.323 is a standard teleconferencing protocol suite that
provides audio, data and video conferencing. It allows for real-time point-to-point
and multipoint communication between client computers over a packet-based
network that does not provide a guaranteed quality of service.
H.323 is transported primarily over TCP, using the default port number 1720.
VoIP (SIP) Sending voice signals over the Internet is called Voice over IP or VoIP. Session
Initiated Protocol (SIP) is an internationally recognized standard for implementing
VoIP. SIP is an application-layer control (signaling) protocol that handles the
setting up, altering and tearing down of voice and multimedia sessions over the
Internet.
SIP is transported primarily over UDP but can also be transported over TCP,
using the default port number 5060.
VoIP (H.323) Sending voice signals over the Internet is called Voice over IP or VoIP.
H.323 is a standard teleconferencing protocol suite that provides audio, data and
video conferencing. It allows for real-time point-to-point and multipoint
communication between client computers over a packet-based network that does
not provide a guaranteed quality of service.
H.323 is transported primarily over TCP, using the default port number 1720.
TFTP Trivial File Transfer Protocol is an Internet file transfer protocol similar to FTP, but
uses the UDP (User Datagram Protocol) rather than TCP (Transmission Control
Protocol).
Table 17 Media Bandwidth Management Setup: Services (continued)
SERVICE DESCRIPTION
Chapter 4 Bandwidth Management Wizard
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2Click BANDWIDTH MANAGEMENT SETUP to configure the system for Internet
access.
Figure 39 Wizard: Welcome
3Activate bandwidth management and select to allocate bandwidth to packets based on
the service requirements.
Figure 40 Bandwidth Management Wizard: General Information
The following fields describe the label in this screen.
Table 18 Bandwidth Management Wizard: General Information
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Active Select the Active check box to have the ZyXEL Device apply bandwidth
management to traffic going out through the ZyXEL Device’s port(s).
Select Services Setup to allocate bandwidth based on the service requirements.
Back Click Back to display the previous screen.
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4Use the second wizard screen to select the services that you want to apply bandwidth
management and select the priorities that you want to apply to the services listed.
Figure 41 Bandwidth Management Wizard: Configuration
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Next Click Next to proceed to the next screen.
Exit Click Exit to close the wizard screen without saving.
Table 19 Bandwidth Management Wizard: Configuration
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Active Select an entry’s Active check box to turn on bandwidth management for the service/
application.
Service These fields display the services names.
Priority Select High, Mid or Low priority for each service to have your ZyXEL Device use a
priority for traffic that matches that service.
A service with High priority is given as much bandwidth as it needs.
If you select services as having the same priority, then bandwidth is divided equally
amongst those services.
Services not specified in bandwidth management are allocated bandwidth after all
specified services receive their bandwidth requirements.
If the rules set up in this wizard are changed in Advanced > Bandwidth MGMT >
Rule Setup, then the service priority radio button will be set to User Configured.
The Advanced > Bandwidth MGMT > Rule Setup screen allows you to edit these
rule configurations.
Back Click Back to go back to the previous wizard screen.
Table 18 Bandwidth Management Wizard: General Information
LABEL DESCRIPTION
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5Follow the on-screen instructions and click Finish to complete the wizard setup and save
your configuration.
Figure 42 Bandwidth Management Wizard: Complete
Apply Click Apply to save your changes to the ZyXEL Device.
Exit Click Exit to close the wizard screen without saving your changes.
Table 19 Bandwidth Management Wizard: Configuration
LABEL DESCRIPTION
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73
PART III
Network
WA N Se tu p ( 75 )
LAN Setup (93)
Wireless LAN (105)
Network Address Translation (NAT) Screens (129)
74
P-660HW-Dx v2 User’s Guide 75
CHAPTER 5
WAN Setup
This chapter describes how to configure WAN settings.
5.1 WAN Overview
A WAN (Wide Area Network) is an outside connection to another network or the Internet.
5.1.1 Encapsulation
Be sure to use the encapsulation method required by your ISP. The ZyXEL Device supports
the following methods.
5.1.1.1 ENET ENCAP
The MAC Encapsulated Routing Link Protocol (ENET ENCAP) is only implemented with the
IP network protocol. IP packets are routed between the Ethernet interface and the WAN
interface and then formatted so that they can be understood in a bridged environment. For
instance, it encapsulates routed Ethernet frames into bridged ATM cells. ENET ENCAP
requires that you specify a gateway IP address in the ENET ENCAP Gateway field in the
second wizard screen. You can get this information from your ISP.
5.1.1.2 PPP over Ethernet
PPPoE (Point-to-Point Protocol over Ethernet) provides access control and billing
functionality in a manner similar to dial-up services using PPP. PPPoE is an IETF standard
(RFC 2516) specifying how a personal computer (PC) interacts with a broadband modem
(DSL, cable, etc.) connection.
For the service provider, PPPoE offers an access and authentication method that works with
existing access control systems (for example RADIUS).
One of the benefits of PPPoE is the ability to let you access one of multiple network services,
a function known as dynamic service selection. This enables the service provider to easily
create and offer new IP services for individuals.
Operationally, PPPoE saves significant effort for both you and the ISP or carrier, as it requires
no specific configuration of the broadband modem at the customer site.
By implementing PPPoE directly on the ZyXEL Device (rather than individual computers),
the computers on the LAN do not need PPPoE software installed, since the ZyXEL Device
does that part of the task. Furthermore, with NAT, all of the LANs’ computers will have
access.
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5.1.1.3 PPPoA
PPPoA stands for Point to Point Protocol over ATM Adaptation Layer 5 (AAL5). A PPPoA
connection functions like a dial-up Internet connection. The ZyXEL Device encapsulates the
PPP session based on RFC1483 and sends it through an ATM PVC (Permanent Virtual
Circuit) to the Internet Service Provider’s (ISP) DSLAM (digital access multiplexer). Please
refer to RFC 2364 for more information on PPPoA. Refer to RFC 1661 for more information
on PPP.
5.1.1.4 RFC 1483
RFC 1483 describes two methods for Multiprotocol Encapsulation over ATM Adaptation
Layer 5 (AAL5). The first method allows multiplexing of multiple protocols over a single
ATM virtual circuit (LLC-based multiplexing) and the second method assumes that each
protocol is carried over a separate ATM virtual circuit (VC-based multiplexing). Please refer
to the RFC for more detailed information.
5.1.2 Multiplexing
There are two conventions to identify what protocols the virtual circuit (VC) is carrying. Be
sure to use the multiplexing method required by your ISP.
5.1.2.1 VC-based Multiplexing
In this case, by prior mutual agreement, each protocol is assigned to a specific virtual circuit;
for example, VC1 carries IP, etc. VC-based multiplexing may be dominant in environments
where dynamic creation of large numbers of ATM VCs is fast and economical.
5.1.2.2 LLC-based Multiplexing
In this case one VC carries multiple protocols with protocol identifying information being
contained in each packet header. Despite the extra bandwidth and processing overhead, this
method may be advantageous if it is not practical to have a separate VC for each carried
protocol, for example, if charging heavily depends on the number of simultaneous VCs.
5.1.3 Encapsulation and Multiplexing Scenarios
For Internet access you should use the encapsulation and multiplexing methods used by your
ISP. Consult your telephone company for information on encapsulation and multiplexing
methods for LAN-to-LAN applications, for example between a branch office and corporate
headquarters. There must be prior agreement on encapsulation and multiplexing methods
because they cannot be automatically determined. What method(s) you use also depends on
how many VCs you have and how many different network protocols you need. The extra
overhead that ENET ENCAP encapsulation entails makes it a poor choice in a LAN-to-LAN
application. Here are some examples of more suitable combinations in such an application.
5.1.3.1 Scenario 1: One VC, Multiple Protocols
PPPoA (RFC-2364) encapsulation with VC-based multiplexing is the best combination
because no extra protocol identifying headers are needed. The PPP protocol already contains
this information.
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5.1.3.2 Scenario 2: One VC, One Protocol (IP)
Selecting RFC-1483 encapsulation with VC-based multiplexing requires the least amount of
overhead (0 octets). However, if there is a potential need for multiple protocol support in the
future, it may be safer to select PPPoA encapsulation instead of RFC-1483, so you do not
need to reconfigure either computer later.
5.1.3.3 Scenario 3: Multiple VCs
If you have an equal number (or more) of VCs than the number of protocols, then select RFC-
1483 encapsulation and VC-based multiplexing.
5.1.4 VPI and VCI
Be sure to use the correct Virtual Path Identifier (VPI) and Virtual Channel Identifier (VCI)
numbers assigned to you. The valid range for the VPI is 0 to 255 and for the VCI is 32 to
65535 (0 to 31 is reserved for local management of ATM traffic). Please see the appendix for
more information.
5.1.5 IP Address Assignment
A static IP is a fixed IP that your ISP gives you. A dynamic IP is not fixed; the ISP assigns you
a different one each time. The Single User Account feature can be enabled or disabled if you
have either a dynamic or static IP. However the encapsulation method assigned influences
your choices for IP address and ENET ENCAP gateway.
5.1.5.1 IP Assignment with PPPoA or PPPoE Encapsulation
If you have a dynamic IP, then the IP Address and ENET ENCAP Gateway fields are not
applicable (N/A). If you have a static IP, then you only need to fill in the IP Address field and
not the ENET ENCAP Gateway field.
5.1.5.2 IP Assignment with RFC 1483 Encapsulation
In this case the IP Address Assignment must be static with the same requirements for the IP
Address and ENET ENCAP Gateway fields as stated above.
5.1.5.3 IP Assignment with ENET ENCAP Encapsulation
In this case you can have either a static or dynamic IP. For a static IP you must fill in all the IP
Address and ENET ENCAP Gateway fields as supplied by your ISP. However for a
dynamic IP, the ZyXEL Device acts as a DHCP client on the WAN port and so the IP
Address and ENET ENCAP Gateway fields are not applicable (N/A) as the DHCP server
assigns them to the ZyXEL Device.
5.1.6 Nailed-Up Connection (PPP)
A nailed-up connection is a dial-up line where the connection is always up regardless of traffic
demand. The ZyXEL Device does two things when you specify a nailed-up connection. The
first is that idle timeout is disabled. The second is that the ZyXEL Device will try to bring up
the connection when turned on and whenever the connection is down. A nailed-up connection
can be very expensive for obvious reasons.
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Do not specify a nailed-up connection unless your telephone company offers flat-rate service
or you need a constant connection and the cost is of no concern
5.1.7 NAT
NAT (Network Address Translation - NAT, RFC 1631) is the translation of the IP address of a
host in a packet, for example, the source address of an outgoing packet, used within one
network to a different IP address known within another network.
5.2 Metric
The metric represents the "cost of transmission". A router determines the best route for
transmission by choosing a path with the lowest "cost". RIP routing uses hop count as the
measurement of cost, with a minimum of "1" for directly connected networks. The number
must be between "1" and "15"; a number greater than "15" means the link is down. The
smaller the number, the lower the "cost".
The metric sets the priority for the ZyXEL Device’s routes to the Internet. If any two of the
default routes have the same metric, the ZyXEL Device uses the following pre-defined
priorities:
• Normal route: designated by the ISP (see Section 5.5 on page 80)
• Traffic-redirect route (see Section 5.7 on page 89)
• WAN-backup route, also called dial-backup (see Section 5.8 on page 89)
For example, if the normal route has a metric of "1" and the traffic-redirect route has a metric
of "2" and dial-backup route has a metric of "3", then the normal route acts as the primary
default route. If the normal route fails to connect to the Internet, the ZyXEL Device tries the
traffic-redirect route next. In the same manner, the ZyXEL Device uses the dial-backup route
if the traffic-redirect route also fails.
If you want the dial-backup route to take first priority over the traffic-redirect route or even the
normal route, all you need to do is set the dial-backup route’s metric to "1" and the others to
"2" (or greater).
IP Policy Routing overrides the default routing behavior and takes priority over all of the
routes mentioned above.
5.3 Traffic Shaping
Traffic Shaping is an agreement between the carrier and the subscriber to regulate the average
rate and fluctuations of data transmission over an ATM network. This agreement helps
eliminate congestion, which is important for transmission of real time data such as audio and
video connections.
Peak Cell Rate (PCR) is the maximum rate at which the sender can send cells. This parameter
may be lower (but not higher) than the maximum line speed. 1 ATM cell is 53 bytes (424 bits),
so a maximum speed of 832Kbps gives a maximum PCR of 1962 cells/sec. This rate is not
guaranteed because it is dependent on the line speed.
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Sustained Cell Rate (SCR) is the mean cell rate of each bursty traffic source. It specifies the
maximum average rate at which cells can be sent over the virtual connection. SCR may not be
greater than the PCR.
Maximum Burst Size (MBS) is the maximum number of cells that can be sent at the PCR.
After MBS is reached, cell rates fall below SCR until cell rate averages to the SCR again. At
this time, more cells (up to the MBS) can be sent at the PCR again.
If the PCR, SCR or MBS is set to the default of "0", the system will assign a maximum value
that correlates to your upstream line rate.
The following figure illustrates the relationship between PCR, SCR and MBS.
Figure 43 Example of Traffic Shaping
5.3.1 ATM Traffic Classes
These are the basic ATM traffic classes defined by the ATM Forum Traffic Management 4.0
Specification.
5.3.1.1 Constant Bit Rate (CBR)
Constant Bit Rate (CBR) provides fixed bandwidth that is always available even if no data is
being sent. CBR traffic is generally time-sensitive (doesn't tolerate delay). CBR is used for
connections that continuously require a specific amount of bandwidth. A PCR is specified and
if traffic exceeds this rate, cells may be dropped. Examples of connections that need CBR
would be high-resolution video and voice.
5.3.1.2 Variable Bit Rate (VBR)
The Variable Bit Rate (VBR) ATM traffic class is used with bursty connections. Connections
that use the Variable Bit Rate (VBR) traffic class can be grouped into real time (VBR-RT) or
non-real time (VBR-nRT) connections.
The VBR-RT (real-time Variable Bit Rate) type is used with bursty connections that require
closely controlled delay and delay variation. It also provides a fixed amount of bandwidth (a
PCR is specified) but is only available when data is being sent. An example of an VBR-RT
connection would be video conferencing. Video conferencing requires real-time data transfers
and the bandwidth requirement varies in proportion to the video image's changing dynamics.
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The VBR-nRT (non real-time Variable Bit Rate) type is used with bursty connections that do
not require closely controlled delay and delay variation. It is commonly used for "bursty"
traffic typical on LANs. PCR and MBS define the burst levels, SCR defines the minimum
level. An example of an VBR-nRT connection would be non-time sensitive data file transfers.
5.3.1.3 Unspecified Bit Rate (UBR)
The Unspecified Bit Rate (UBR) ATM traffic class is for bursty data transfers. However, UBR
doesn't guarantee any bandwidth and only delivers traffic when the network has spare
bandwidth. An example application is background file transfer.
5.4 Zero Configuration Internet Access
Once you turn on and connect the ZyXEL Device to a telephone jack, it automatically detects
the Internet connection settings (such as the VCI/VPI numbers and the encapsulation method)
from the ISP and makes the necessary configuration changes. In cases where additional
account information (such as an Internet account user name and password) is required or the
ZyXEL Device cannot connect to the ISP, you will be redirected to web screen(s) for
information input or troubleshooting.
Zero configuration for Internet access is disable when
• the ZyXEL Device is in bridge mode
• you set the ZyXEL Device to use a static (fixed) WAN IP address.
5.5 Internet Connection
To change your ZyXEL Device’s WAN Internet access settings, click Network > WAN. The
screen differs by the encapsulation.
See Section 5.1 on page 75 for more information.
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Figure 44 Internet Connection (PPPoE)
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 20 Internet Connection
LABEL DESCRIPTION
General
Name Enter the name of your Internet Service Provider, e.g., MyISP. This information
is for identification purposes only.
Mode Select Routing (default) from the drop-down list box if your ISP allows multiple
computers to share an Internet account. Otherwise select Bridge.
Encapsulation Select the method of encapsulation used by your ISP from the drop-down list
box. Choices vary depending on the mode you select in the Mode field.
If you select Bridge in the Mode field, select either PPPoA or RFC 1483.
If you select Routing in the Mode field, select PPPoA, RFC 1483, ENET
ENCAP or PPPoE.
User Name (PPPoA and PPPoE encapsulation only) Enter the user name exactly as your
ISP assigned. If assigned a name in the form user@domain where domain
identifies a service name, then enter both components exactly as given.
Password (PPPoA and PPPoE encapsulation only) Enter the password associated with the
user name above.
Service Name (PPPoE only) Type the name of your PPPoE service here.
Multiplexing Select the method of multiplexing used by your ISP from the drop-down list.
Choices are VC or LLC.
Virtual Circuit ID VPI (Virtual Path Identifier) and VCI (Virtual Channel Identifier) define a virtual
circuit. Refer to the appendix for more information.
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5.5.1 Configuring Advanced Internet Connection Setup
To edit your ZyXEL Device's advanced WAN settings, click the Advanced Setup button in
the Internet Connection screen. The screen appears as shown.
VPI The valid range for the VPI is 0 to 255. Enter the VPI assigned to you.
VCI The valid range for the VCI is 32 to 65535 (0 to 31 is reserved for local
management of ATM traffic). Enter the VCI assigned to you.
IP Address This option is available if you select Routing in the Mode field.
Obtain an IP
Address
Automatically
Select this if you get a dynamic IP address from your Internet Service Provider
(ISP). A dynamic IP address is not fixed; your ISP assigns you a different one
each time you connect to the Internet.
This option is not available if you select RFC 1483 in the Encapsulation field.
Static IP Address Select this if your ISP gave you a fixed IP address. Enter the IP address you
were given in the IP Address field.
IP Address If your ISP gave you an IP address to use, enter it here.
Subnet Mask
(ENET ENCAP
encapsulation only)
Enter a subnet mask in dotted decimal notation.
Refer to the appendices to calculate a subnet mask If you are implementing
subnetting.
Gateway IP address
(ENET ENCAP
encapsulation only)
You must specify a gateway IP address (supplied by your ISP) when you select
ENET ENCAP in the Encapsulation field
Connection
(PPPoA and PPPoE
encapsulation only)
Nailed-Up
Connection
Select Nailed-Up Connection when you want your connection up all the time.
The ZyXEL Device will try to bring up the connection automatically if it is
disconnected.
Connect on
Demand
Select Connect on Demand when you don't want the connection up all the time
and specify an idle time-out in the Max Idle Timeout field.
Max Idle Timeout Specify an idle time-out in the Max Idle Timeout field when you select Connect
on Demand. The default setting is 0, which means the Internet session will not
timeout.
Apply Click Apply to save the changes.
Cancel Click Cancel to begin configuring this screen afresh.
Advanced Setup Click this button to display the Advanced Internet Connection Setup screen
and edit more details of your WAN setup.
Table 20 Internet Connection (continued)
LABEL DESCRIPTION
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Figure 45 Advanced Internet Connection Setup
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 21 Advanced Internet Connection Setup
LABEL DESCRIPTION
RIP & Multicast
Setup
RIP Direction Select the RIP direction from None, Both, In Only and Out Only.
RIP Version Select the RIP version from RIP-1, RIP-2B and RIP-2M.
Multicast IGMP (Internet Group Multicast Protocol) is a network-layer protocol used to
establish membership in a multicast group. The ZyXEL Device supports both IGMP
version 1 (IGMP-v1) and IGMP-v2. Select None to disable it.
ATM QoS
ATM QoS Type Select CBR (Continuous Bit Rate) to specify fixed (always-on) bandwidth for voice
or data traffic. Select UBR (Unspecified Bit Rate) for applications that are non-time
sensitive, such as e-mail. Select VBR-nRT (Variable Bit Rate-non Real Time) or
VBR-RT (Variable Bit Rate-Real Time) for bursty traffic and bandwidth sharing with
other applications.
Peak Cell Rate Divide the DSL line rate (bps) by 424 (the size of an ATM cell) to find the Peak Cell
Rate (PCR). This is the maximum rate at which the sender can send cells. Type the
PCR here.
Sustain Cell Rate The Sustain Cell Rate (SCR) sets the average cell rate (long-term) that can be
transmitted. Type the SCR, which must be less than the PCR. Note that system
default is 0 cells/sec.
Maximum Burst
Size
Maximum Burst Size (MBS) refers to the maximum number of cells that can be
sent at the peak rate. Type the MBS, which is less than 65535.
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5.6 Configuring More Connections
This section describes the protocol-independent parameters for a remote network. They are
required for placing calls to a remote gateway and the network behind it across a WAN
connection. When you use the WAN > Internet Connection screen to set up Internet access,
you are configuring the first WAN connection.
Click Network > WAN > More Connections to display the screen as shown next.
Figure 46 More Connections
Zero
Configuration
This feature is not applicable/available when you configure the ZyXEL Device to
use a static WAN IP address or in bridge mode.
Select Yes to set the ZyXEL Device to automatically detect the Internet connection
settings (such as the VCI/VPI numbers and the encapsulation method) from the
ISP and make the necessary configuration changes.
Select No to disable this feature. You must manually configure the ZyXEL Device
for Internet access.
PPPoE
Passthrough
This feature is available when you select PPPoE encapsulation.
In addition to the ZyXEL Device's built-in PPPoE client, you can enable PPPoE
pass through to allow up to ten hosts on the LAN to use PPPoE client software on
their computers to connect to the ISP via the ZyXEL Device. Each host can have a
separate account and a public WAN IP address.
PPPoE pass through is an alternative to NAT for application where NAT is not
appropriate.
Disable PPPoE pass through if you do not need to allow hosts on the LAN to use
PPPoE client software on their computers to connect to the ISP.
Back Click Back to return to the previous screen.
Apply Click Apply to save the changes.
Cancel Click Cancel to begin configuring this screen afresh.
Table 21 Advanced Internet Connection Setup (continued)
LABEL DESCRIPTION
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The following table describes the labels in this screen.
5.6.1 More Connections Edit
Click the edit icon ( ) in the More Connections screen to configure a connection.
Table 22 More Connections
LABEL DESCRIPTION
# This is the index number of a connection.
Active This display whether this connection is activated. Clear the check box to disable
the connection. Select the check box to enable it.
Name This is the descriptive name for this connection.
VPI/VCI This is the VPI and VCI values used for this connection.
Encapsulation This is the method of encapsulation used for this connection.
Modify The first (ISP) connection is read-only in this screen. Use the WAN > Internet
Connection screen to edit it.
Click the edit icon to go to the screen where you can edit the connection.
Click the delete icon to remove an existing connection. You cannot remove the
first connection.
Apply Click Apply to save the changes.
Cancel Click Cancel to begin configuring this screen afresh.
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Figure 47 More Connections Edit
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 23 More Connections Edit
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Active Select the check box to activate or clear the check box to deactivate this
connection.
Name Enter a unique, descriptive name of up to 13 ASCII characters for this
connection.
Mode Select Routing from the drop-down list box if your ISP allows multiple
computers to share an Internet account.
If you select Bridge, the ZyXEL Device will forward any packet that it does not
route to this remote node; otherwise, the packets are discarded.
Encapsulation Select the method of encapsulation used by your ISP from the drop-down list
box. Choices are PPPoA, RFC 1483, ENET ENCAP or PPPoE.
User Name (PPPoA and PPPoE encapsulation only) Enter the user name exactly as your
ISP assigned. If assigned a name in the form user@domain where domain
identifies a service name, then enter both components exactly as given.
Password (PPPoA and PPPoE encapsulation only) Enter the password associated with the
user name above.
Service Name (PPPoE only) Type the name of your PPPoE service here.
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Multiplexing Select the method of multiplexing used by your ISP from the drop-down list.
Choices are VC or LLC.
By prior agreement, a protocol is assigned a specific virtual circuit, for example,
VC1 will carry IP. If you select VC, specify separate VPI and VCI numbers for
each protocol.
For LLC-based multiplexing or PPP encapsulation, one VC carries multiple
protocols with protocol identifying information being contained in each packet
header. In this case, only one set of VPI and VCI numbers need be specified for
all protocols.
VPI The valid range for the VPI is 0 to 255. Enter the VPI assigned to you.
VCI The valid range for the VCI is 32 to 65535 (0 to 31 is reserved for local
management of ATM traffic). Enter the VCI assigned to you.
IP Address This option is available if you select Routing in the Mode field.
Obtain an IP
Address
Automatically
Select this if you get a dynamic IP address from your Internet Service Provider
(ISP). A dynamic IP address is not fixed; your ISP assigns you a different one
each time you connect to the Internet.
This option is not available if you select RFC 1483 in the Encapsulation field.
Static IP Address Select this if your ISP gave you a fixed IP address. Enter the IP address you
were given in the IP Address field.
IP Address If your ISP gave you an IP address to use, enter it here.
Subnet Mask Enter a subnet mask in dotted decimal notation.
Refer to the appendices to calculate a subnet mask If you are implementing
subnetting.
Gateway IP address Specify a gateway IP address (supplied by your ISP).
Connection
Nailed-Up
Connection
Select Nailed-Up Connection when you want your connection up all the time.
The ZyXEL Device will try to bring up the connection automatically if it is
disconnected.
Connect on
Demand
Select Connect on Demand when you don't want the connection up all the time
and specify an idle time-out in the Max Idle Timeout field.
Max Idle Timeout Specify an idle time-out in the Max Idle Timeout field when you select Connect
on Demand. The default setting is 0, which means the Internet session will not
timeout.
NAT NAT is the translation of the IP address of a host in a packet, for example, the
source address of an outgoing packet, used within one network to a different IP
address known within another network.
None Select None to disable NAT.
SUA Only SUA only is available only when you select Routing in the Mode field.
Select SUA Only if you have one public IP address and want to use NAT. Click
Edit to go to the Port Forwarding screen to edit a server mapping set.
Back Click Back to return to the previous screen.
Apply Click Apply to save the changes.
Cancel Click Cancel to begin configuring this screen afresh.
Advanced Setup Click this button to display the More Connections Advanced screen and edit
more details of your WAN setup.
Table 23 More Connections Edit (continued)
LABEL DESCRIPTION
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5.6.2 Configuring More Connections Advanced Setup
To edit your ZyXEL Device's advanced WAN settings, click the Advanced Setup button in
the More Connections Edit screen. The screen appears as shown.
Figure 48 More Connections Advanced Setup
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 24 More Connections Advanced Setup
LABEL DESCRIPTION
RIP & Multicast
Setup
RIP Direction Select the RIP direction from None, Both, In Only and Out Only.
RIP Version Select the RIP version from RIP-1, RIP-2B and RIP-2M.
Multicast IGMP (Internet Group Multicast Protocol) is a network-layer protocol used to
establish membership in a multicast group. The ZyXEL Device supports both IGMP
version 1 (IGMP-v1) and IGMP-v2. Select None to disable it.
ATM QoS
ATM QoS Type Select CBR (Continuous Bit Rate) to specify fixed (always-on) bandwidth for voice
or data traffic. Select UBR (Unspecified Bit Rate) for applications that are non-time
sensitive, such as e-mail. Select VBR-nRT (Variable Bit Rate-non Real Time) or
VBR-RT (Variable Bit Rate-Real Time) for bursty traffic and bandwidth sharing with
other applications.
Peak Cell Rate Divide the DSL line rate (bps) by 424 (the size of an ATM cell) to find the Peak Cell
Rate (PCR). This is the maximum rate at which the sender can send cells. Type the
PCR here.
Sustain Cell Rate The Sustain Cell Rate (SCR) sets the average cell rate (long-term) that can be
transmitted. Type the SCR, which must be less than the PCR. Note that system
default is 0 cells/sec.
Maximum Burst
Size
Maximum Burst Size (MBS) refers to the maximum number of cells that can be
sent at the peak rate. Type the MBS, which is less than 65535.
Back Click Back to return to the previous screen.
Apply Click Apply to save the changes.
Cancel Click Cancel to begin configuring this screen afresh.
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5.7 Traffic Redirect
Traffic redirect forwards traffic to a backup gateway when the ZyXEL Device cannot connect
to the Internet. An example is shown in the figure below.
Figure 49 Traffic Redirect Example
The following network topology allows you to avoid triangle route security issues when the
backup gateway is connected to the LAN. Use IP alias to configure the LAN into two or three
logical networks with the ZyXEL Device itself as the gateway for each LAN network. Put the
protected LAN in one subnet (Subnet 1 in the following figure) and the backup gateway in
another subnet (Subnet 2). Configure filters that allow packets from the protected LAN
(Subnet 1) to the backup gateway (Subnet 2).
Figure 50 Traffic Redirect LAN Setup
5.8 Configuring WAN Backup
To change your ZyXEL Device’s WAN backup settings, click Network > WAN > WAN
Backup Setup. The screen appears as shown.
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Figure 51 WAN Backup Setup
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 25 WAN Backup Setup
LABEL DESCRIPTION
WAN Backup
Setup
Backup Type Select the method that the ZyXEL Device uses to check the DSL connection.
Select DSL Link to have the ZyXEL Device check if the connection to the DSLAM
is up. Select ICMP to have the ZyXEL Device periodically ping the IP addresses
configured in the Check WAN IP Address fields.
Check WAN IP
Address1-3
Configure this field to test your ZyXEL Device's WAN accessibility. Type the IP
address of a reliable nearby computer (for example, your ISP's DNS server
address).
Note: If you activate either traffic redirect or dial backup, you
must configure at least one IP address here.
When using a WAN backup connection, the ZyXEL Device periodically pings the
addresses configured here and uses the other WAN backup connection (if
configured) if there is no response.
Fail Tolerance Type the number of times (2 recommended) that your ZyXEL Device may ping the
IP addresses configured in the Check WAN IP Address field without getting a
response before switching to a WAN backup connection (or a different WAN
backup connection).
Recovery Interval When the ZyXEL Device is using a lower priority connection (usually a WAN
backup connection), it periodically checks to whether or not it can use a higher
priority connection.
Type the number of seconds (30 recommended) for the ZyXEL Device to wait
between checks. Allow more time if your destination IP address handles lots of
traffic.
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Timeout Type the number of seconds (3 recommended) for your ZyXEL Device to wait for a
ping response from one of the IP addresses in the Check WAN IP Address field
before timing out the request. The WAN connection is considered "down" after the
ZyXEL Device times out the number of times specified in the Fail Tolerance field.
Use a higher value in this field if your network is busy or congested.
Traffic Redirect Traffic redirect forwards traffic to a backup gateway when the ZyXEL Device
cannot connect to the Internet.
Active Traffic
Redirect
Select this check box to have the ZyXEL Device use traffic redirect if the normal
WAN connection goes down.
Note: If you activate traffic redirect, you must configure at least
one Check WAN IP Address.
Metric This field sets this route's priority among the routes the ZyXEL Device uses.
The metric represents the "cost of transmission". A router determines the best
route for transmission by choosing a path with the lowest "cost". RIP routing uses
hop count as the measurement of cost, with a minimum of "1" for directly
connected networks. The number must be between "1" and "15"; a number greater
than "15" means the link is down. The smaller the number, the lower the "cost".
Backup Gateway Type the IP address of your backup gateway in dotted decimal notation. The
ZyXEL Device automatically forwards traffic to this IP address if the ZyXEL
Device's Internet connection terminates.
Apply Click Apply to save the changes.
Cancel Click Cancel to begin configuring this screen afresh.
Table 25 WAN Backup Setup (continued)
LABEL DESCRIPTION
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CHAPTER 6
LAN Setup
This chapter describes how to configure LAN settings.
6.1 LAN Overview
A Local Area Network (LAN) is a shared communication system to which many computers
are attached. A LAN is a computer network limited to the immediate area, usually the same
building or floor of a building. The LAN screens can help you configure a LAN DHCP server
and manage IP addresses.
See Section 6.3 on page 98 to configure the LAN screens.
6.1.1 LANs, WANs and the ZyXEL Device
The actual physical connection determines whether the ZyXEL Device ports are LAN or
WAN ports. There are two separate IP networks, one inside the LAN network and the other
outside the WAN network as shown next.
Figure 52 LAN and WAN IP Addresses
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6.1.2 DHCP Setup
DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol, RFC 2131 and RFC 2132) allows individual
clients to obtain TCP/IP configuration at start-up from a server. You can configure the ZyXEL
Device as a DHCP server or disable it. When configured as a server, the ZyXEL Device
provides the TCP/IP configuration for the clients. If you turn DHCP service off, you must
have another DHCP server on your LAN, or else the computer must be manually configured.
6.1.2.1 IP Pool Setup
The ZyXEL Device is pre-configured with a pool of IP addresses for the DHCP clients (DHCP
Pool). See the product specifications in the appendices. Do not assign static IP addresses from
the DHCP pool to your LAN computers.
6.1.3 DNS Server Address
DNS (Domain Name System) is for mapping a domain name to its corresponding IP address
and vice versa. The DNS server is extremely important because without it, you must know the
IP address of a machine before you can access it. The DNS server addresses that you enter in
the DHCP setup are passed to the client machines along with the assigned IP address and
subnet mask.
There are two ways that an ISP disseminates the DNS server addresses. The first is for an ISP
to tell a customer the DNS server addresses, usually in the form of an information sheet, when
s/he signs up. If your ISP gives you the DNS server addresses, enter them in the DNS Server
fields in DHCP Setup, otherwise, leave them blank.
Some ISP’s choose to pass the DNS servers using the DNS server extensions of PPP IPCP (IP
Control Protocol) after the connection is up. If your ISP did not give you explicit DNS servers,
chances are the DNS servers are conveyed through IPCP negotiation. The ZyXEL Device
supports the IPCP DNS server extensions through the DNS proxy feature.
If the Primary and Secondary DNS Server fields in the DHCP Setup screen are not
specified, for instance, left as 0.0.0.0, the ZyXEL Device tells the DHCP clients that it itself is
the DNS server. When a computer sends a DNS query to the ZyXEL Device, the ZyXEL
Device forwards the query to the real DNS server learned through IPCP and relays the
response back to the computer.
Please note that DNS proxy works only when the ISP uses the IPCP DNS server extensions. It
does not mean you can leave the DNS servers out of the DHCP setup under all circumstances.
If your ISP gives you explicit DNS servers, make sure that you enter their IP addresses in the
DHCP Setup screen. This way, the ZyXEL Device can pass the DNS servers to the computers
and the computers can query the DNS server directly without the ZyXEL Device’s
intervention.
6.1.4 DNS Server Address Assignment
Use DNS (Domain Name System) to map a domain name to its corresponding IP address and
vice versa. The DNS server is extremely important because without it, you must know the IP
address of a computer before you can access it.
There are two ways that an ISP disseminates the DNS server addresses.
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• The ISP tells you the DNS server addresses, usually in the form of an information sheet,
when you sign up. If your ISP gives you DNS server addresses, enter them in the DNS
Server fields in the DHCP Setup screen.
• The ZyXEL Device acts as a DNS proxy when the Primary and Secondary DNS Server
fields are left as 0.0.0.0 in the DHCP Setup screen.
6.2 LAN TCP/IP
The ZyXEL Device has built-in DHCP server capability that assigns IP addresses and DNS
servers to systems that support DHCP client capability.
6.2.1 IP Address and Subnet Mask
Similar to the way houses on a street share a common street name, so too do computers on a
LAN share one common network number.
Where you obtain your network number depends on your particular situation. If the ISP or
your network administrator assigns you a block of registered IP addresses, follow their
instructions in selecting the IP addresses and the subnet mask.
If the ISP did not explicitly give you an IP network number, then most likely you have a single
user account and the ISP will assign you a dynamic IP address when the connection is
established. If this is the case, it is recommended that you select a network number from
192.168.0.0 to 192.168.255.0 and you must enable the Network Address Translation (NAT)
feature of the ZyXEL Device. The Internet Assigned Number Authority (IANA) reserved this
block of addresses specifically for private use; please do not use any other number unless you
are told otherwise. Let's say you select 192.168.1.0 as the network number; which covers 254
individual addresses, from 192.168.1.1 to 192.168.1.254 (zero and 255 are reserved). In other
words, the first three numbers specify the network number while the last number identifies an
individual computer on that network.
Once you have decided on the network number, pick an IP address that is easy to remember,
for instance, 192.168.1.1, for your ZyXEL Device, but make sure that no other device on your
network is using that IP address.
The subnet mask specifies the network number portion of an IP address. Your ZyXEL Device
will compute the subnet mask automatically based on the IP address that you entered. You
don't need to change the subnet mask computed by the ZyXEL Device unless you are
instructed to do otherwise.
6.2.1.1 Private IP Addresses
Every machine on the Internet must have a unique address. If your networks are isolated from
the Internet, for example, only between your two branch offices, you can assign any IP
addresses to the hosts without problems. However, the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority
(IANA) has reserved the following three blocks of IP addresses specifically for private
networks:
• 10.0.0.0 — 10.255.255.255
• 172.16.0.0 — 172.31.255.255
• 192.168.0.0 — 192.168.255.255
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You can obtain your IP address from the IANA, from an ISP or it can be assigned from a
private network. If you belong to a small organization and your Internet access is through an
ISP, the ISP can provide you with the Internet addresses for your local networks. On the other
hand, if you are part of a much larger organization, you should consult your network
administrator for the appropriate IP addresses.
"Regardless of your particular situation, do not create an arbitrary IP address;
always follow the guidelines above. For more information on address
assignment, please refer to RFC 1597, Address Allocation for Private Internets
and RFC 1466, Guidelines for Management of IP Address Space.
6.2.2 RIP Setup
RIP (Routing Information Protocol) allows a router to exchange routing information with
other routers. The RIP Direction field controls the sending and receiving of RIP packets.
When set to:
•Both - the ZyXEL Device will broadcast its routing table periodically and incorporate the
RIP information that it receives.
•In Only - the ZyXEL Device will not send any RIP packets but will accept all RIP packets
received.
•Out Only - the ZyXEL Device will send out RIP packets but will not accept any RIP
packets received.
•None - the ZyXEL Device will not send any RIP packets and will ignore any RIP packets
received.
The Version field controls the format and the broadcasting method of the RIP packets that the
ZyXEL Device sends (it recognizes both formats when receiving). RIP-1 is universally
supported; but RIP-2 carries more information. RIP-1 is probably adequate for most networks,
unless you have an unusual network topology.
Both RIP-2B and RIP-2M sends the routing data in RIP-2 format; the difference being that
RIP-2B uses subnet broadcasting while RIP-2M uses multicasting.
6.2.3 Multicast
Traditionally, IP packets are transmitted in one of either two ways - Unicast (1 sender - 1
recipient) or Broadcast (1 sender - everybody on the network). Multicast delivers IP packets to
a group of hosts on the network - not everybody and not just 1.
IGMP (Internet Group Multicast Protocol) is a network-layer protocol used to establish
membership in a Multicast group - it is not used to carry user data. IGMP version 2 (RFC
2236) is an improvement over version 1 (RFC 1112) but IGMP version 1 is still in wide use. If
you would like to read more detailed information about interoperability between IGMP
version 2 and version 1, please see sections 4 and 5 of RFC 2236. The class D IP address is
used to identify host groups and can be in the range 224.0.0.0 to 239.255.255.255. The address
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224.0.0.0 is not assigned to any group and is used by IP multicast computers. The address
224.0.0.1 is used for query messages and is assigned to the permanent group of all IP hosts
(including gateways). All hosts must join the 224.0.0.1 group in order to participate in IGMP.
The address 224.0.0.2 is assigned to the multicast routers group.
The ZyXEL Device supports both IGMP version 1 (IGMP-v1) and IGMP version 2 (IGMP-
v2). At start up, the ZyXEL Device queries all directly connected networks to gather group
membership. After that, the ZyXEL Device periodically updates this information. IP
multicasting can be enabled/disabled on the ZyXEL Device LAN and/or WAN interfaces in
the web configurator (LAN; WAN ). Select None to disable IP multicasting on these
interfaces.
6.2.4 Any IP
Traditionally, you must set the IP addresses and the subnet masks of a computer and the
ZyXEL Device to be in the same subnet to allow the computer to access the Internet (through
the ZyXEL Device). In cases where your computer is required to use a static IP address in
another network, you may need to manually configure the network settings of the computer
every time you want to access the Internet via the ZyXEL Device.
With the Any IP feature and NAT enabled, the ZyXEL Device allows a computer to access the
Internet without changing the network settings (such as IP address and subnet mask) of the
computer, when the IP addresses of the computer and the ZyXEL Device are not in the same
subnet. Whether a computer is set to use a dynamic or static (fixed) IP address, you can simply
connect the computer to the ZyXEL Device and access the Internet.
The following figure depicts a scenario where a computer is set to use a static private IP
address in the corporate environment. In a residential house where a ZyXEL Device is
installed, you can still use the computer to access the Internet without changing the network
settings, even when the IP addresses of the computer and the ZyXEL Device are not in the
same subnet.
Figure 53 Any IP Example
The Any IP feature does not apply to a computer using either a dynamic IP address or a static
IP address that is in the same subnet as the ZyXEL Device’s IP address.
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"You must enable NAT/SUA to use the Any IP feature on the ZyXEL Device.
6.2.4.1 How Any IP Works
Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) is a protocol for mapping an Internet Protocol address (IP
address) to a physical machine address, also known as a Media Access Control or MAC
address, on the local area network. IP routing table is defined on IP Ethernet devices (the
ZyXEL Device) to decide which hop to use, to help forward data along to its specified
destination.
The following lists out the steps taken, when a computer tries to access the Internet for the first
time through the ZyXEL Device.
1When a computer (which is in a different subnet) first attempts to access the Internet, it
sends packets to its default gateway (which is not the ZyXEL Device) by looking at the
MAC address in its ARP table.
2When the computer cannot locate the default gateway, an ARP request is broadcast on
the LAN.
3The ZyXEL Device receives the ARP request and replies to the computer with its own
MAC address.
4The computer updates the MAC address for the default gateway to the ARP table. Once
the ARP table is updated, the computer is able to access the Internet through the ZyXEL
Device.
5When the ZyXEL Device receives packets from the computer, it creates an entry in the
IP routing table so it can properly forward packets intended for the computer.
After all the routing information is updated, the computer can access the ZyXEL Device and
the Internet as if it is in the same subnet as the ZyXEL Device.
6.3 Configuring LAN IP
Click LAN to open the IP screen. See Section 6.1 on page 93 for background information.
Figure 54 LAN IP
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The following table describes the fields in this screen.
6.3.1 Configuring Advanced LAN Setup
To edit your ZyXEL Device's advanced LAN settings, click the Advanced Setup button in the
LAN IP screen. The screen appears as shown.
Figure 55 Advanced LAN Setup
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 26 LAN IP
LABEL DESCRIPTION
LAN TCP/IP
IP Address Enter the IP address of your ZyXEL Device in dotted decimal notation, for
example, 192.168.1.1 (factory default).
IP Subnet Mask Type the subnet mask assigned to you by your ISP (if given).
Apply Click Apply to save your changes to the ZyXEL Device.
Cancel Click Cancel to begin configuring this screen afresh.
Advanced Setup Click this button to display the Advanced LAN Setup screen and edit more
details of your LAN setup.
Table 27 Advanced LAN Setup
LABEL DESCRIPTION
RIP & Multicast
Setup
RIP Direction Select the RIP direction from None, Both, In Only and Out Only.
RIP Version Select the RIP version from RIP-1, RIP-2B and RIP-2M.
Multicast IGMP (Internet Group Multicast Protocol) is a network-layer protocol used to
establish membership in a multicast group. The ZyXEL Device supports both IGMP
version 1 (IGMP-v1) and IGMP-v2. Select None to disable it.
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6.4 DHCP Setup
Use this screen to configure the DNS server information that the ZyXEL Device sends to the
DHCP client devices on the LAN.
Figure 56 DHCP Setup
Any IP Setup Select the Active check box to enable the Any IP feature. This allows a computer
to access the Internet without changing the network settings (such as IP address
and subnet mask) of the computer, even when the IP addresses of the computer
and the ZyXEL Device are not in the same subnet.
When you disable the Any IP feature, only computers with dynamic IP addresses or
static IP addresses in the same subnet as the ZyXEL Device’s LAN IP address can
connect to the ZyXEL Device or access the Internet through the ZyXEL Device.
Windows
Networking
(NetBIOS over
TCP/IP)
NetBIOS (Network Basic Input/Output System) are TCP or UDP packets that
enable a computer to connect to and communicate with a LAN. For some dial-up
services such as PPPoE or PPTP, NetBIOS packets cause unwanted calls.
However it may sometimes be necessary to allow NetBIOS packets to pass
through to the WAN in order to find a computer on the WAN.
Allow between
LAN and WAN
Select this check box to forward NetBIOS packets from the LAN to the WAN and
from the WAN to the LAN. If your firewall is enabled with the default policy set to
block WAN to LAN traffic, you also need to enable the default WAN to LAN firewall
rule that forwards NetBIOS traffic.
Clear this check box to block all NetBIOS packets going from the LAN to the WAN
and from the WAN to the LAN.
Back Click Back to return to the previous screen.
Apply Click Apply to save the changes.
Cancel Click Cancel to begin configuring this screen afresh.
Table 27 Advanced LAN Setup (continued)
LABEL DESCRIPTION