ZyXEL Communications X550NHV2 High-gain Wireless N Gigabit Router User Manual 1

ZyXEL Communications Corporation High-gain Wireless N Gigabit Router 1

Contents

User Manual 1

www.zyxel.comNBG-460NWireless N Gigabit RouterUser’s GuideVersion 3.603/2008Edition 1DEFAULT LOGINIP Address http://192.168.1.1Password 1234
About This User's GuideNBG-460N User’s Guide 3About This User's GuideIntended AudienceThis manual is intended for people who want to configure the NBG-460N using the web configurator. You should have at least a basic knowledge of TCP/IP networking concepts and topology.Related Documentation• Quick Start Guide The Quick Start Guide is designed to help you get up and running right away. It contains information on setting up your network and configuring for Internet access.• Supporting DiskRefer to the included CD for support documents.• ZyXEL Web SitePlease refer to www.zyxel.com for additional support documentation and product certifications.User Guide FeedbackHelp us help you. Send all User Guide-related comments, questions or suggestions for improvement to the following address, or use e-mail instead. Thank you!The Technical Writing Team,ZyXEL Communications Corp.,6 Innovation Road II,Science-Based Industrial Park, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan.E-mail: techwriters@zyxel.com.tw
Document ConventionsNBG-460N User’s Guide4Document ConventionsWarnings and NotesThese are how warnings and notes are shown in this User’s Guide. 1Warnings tell you about things that could harm you or your device."Notes tell you other important information (for example, other things you may need to configure or helpful tips) or recommendations.Syntax Conventions• The NBG-460N may be referred to as the “NBG-460N”, the “device”, the “product” or the “system” in this User’s Guide.• Product labels, screen names, field labels and field choices are all in bold font.• A key stroke is denoted by square brackets and uppercase text, for example, [ENTER] means the “enter” or “return” key on your keyboard.• “Enter” means for you to type one or more characters and then press the [ENTER] key. “Select” or “choose” means for you to use one of the predefined choices.• A right angle bracket ( > ) within a screen name denotes a mouse click. For example, Maintenance > Log > Log Setting means you first click Maintenance in the navigation panel, then the Log sub menu and finally the Log Setting tab to get to that screen.• Units of measurement may denote the “metric” value or the “scientific” value. For example, “k” for kilo may denote “1000” or “1024”, “M” for mega may denote “1000000” or “1048576” and so on.• “e.g.,” is a shorthand for “for instance”, and “i.e.,” means “that is” or “in other words”.
Document ConventionsNBG-460N User’s Guide 5Icons Used in FiguresFigures in this User’s Guide may use the following generic icons. The NBG-460N icon is not an exact representation of your device.NBG-460N Computer Notebook computerServer DSLAM FirewallTelephone Switch RouterModem
Safety WarningsNBG-460N User’s Guide6Safety Warnings1For your safety, be sure to read and follow all warning notices and instructions.• Do NOT use this product near water, for example, in a wet basement or near a swimming pool.• Do NOT expose your device to dampness, dust or corrosive liquids.• Do NOT store things on the device.• Do NOT install, use, or service this device during a thunderstorm. There is a remote risk of electric shock from lightning.• Connect ONLY suitable accessories to the device.• Do NOT open the device or unit. Opening or removing covers can expose you to dangerous high voltage points or other risks. ONLY qualified service personnel should service or disassemble this device. Please contact your vendor for further information.• Make sure to connect the cables to the correct ports.• Place connecting cables carefully so that no one will step on them or stumble over them.• Always disconnect all cables from this device before servicing or disassembling.• Use ONLY an appropriate power adaptor or cord for your device.• Connect the power adaptor or cord to the right supply voltage (for example, 110V AC in North America or 230V AC in Europe).• Do NOT allow anything to rest on the power adaptor or cord and do NOT place the product where anyone can walk on the power adaptor or cord.• Do NOT use the device if the power adaptor or cord is damaged as it might cause electrocution.• If the power adaptor or cord is damaged, remove it from the power outlet.• Do NOT attempt to repair the power adaptor or cord. Contact your local vendor to order a new one.• Do not use the device outside, and make sure all the connections are indoors. There is a remote risk of electric shock from lightning. • Do NOT obstruct the device ventilation slots, as insufficient airflow may harm your device. • Antenna Warning! This device meets ETSI and FCC certification requirements when using the included antenna(s). Only use the included antenna(s). • If you wall mount your device, make sure that no electrical lines, gas or water pipes will be damaged. This product is recyclable. Dispose of it properly.
Safety WarningsNBG-460N User’s Guide 7
Safety WarningsNBG-460N User’s Guide8
Contents OverviewNBG-460N User’s Guide 9Contents OverviewIntroduction ............................................................................................................................29Getting to Know Your NBG-460N .............................................................................................. 31The WPS Button ........................................................................................................................ 35Introducing the Web Configurator .............................................................................................. 37Connection Wizard .................................................................................................................... 49AP Mode .................................................................................................................................... 65Tutorials ..................................................................................................................................... 73Network ...................................................................................................................................87Wireless LAN ............................................................................................................................. 89WAN ........................................................................................................................................ 117LAN .......................................................................................................................................... 127DHCP ...................................................................................................................................... 133Network Address Translation (NAT) ........................................................................................ 137Dynamic DNS .......................................................................................................................... 147Security .................................................................................................................................151Firewall .................................................................................................................................... 153Content Filtering ...................................................................................................................... 161IPSec VPN ............................................................................................................................... 165Management .........................................................................................................................193Static Route Screens ............................................................................................................... 195Bandwidth Management .......................................................................................................... 199Remote Management ..............................................................................................................209Universal Plug-and-Play (UPnP) ............................................................................................. 215Maintenance and Troubleshooting ....................................................................................227System ..................................................................................................................................... 229Logs ......................................................................................................................................... 233Tools ........................................................................................................................................ 251Configuration Mode ................................................................................................................. 257Sys Op Mode ........................................................................................................................... 259Language ................................................................................................................................. 263Troubleshooting ....................................................................................................................... 265Appendices and Index .........................................................................................................271
Contents OverviewNBG-460N User’s Guide10
Table of ContentsNBG-460N User’s Guide 11Table of ContentsAbout This User's Guide ..........................................................................................................3Document Conventions............................................................................................................4Safety Warnings........................................................................................................................6Contents Overview ...................................................................................................................9Table of Contents....................................................................................................................11List of Figures .........................................................................................................................19List of Tables...........................................................................................................................25Part I: Introduction................................................................................. 29Chapter 1Getting to Know Your NBG-460N ..........................................................................................311.1 Overview .............................................................................................................................. 311.2 Router Mode ........................................................................................................................ 311.3 AP Mode .............................................................................................................................. 321.4 Router Features vs. AP Features ........................................................................................ 321.5 Ways to Manage the NBG-460N ......................................................................................... 331.6 Good Habits for Managing the NBG-460N .......................................................................... 331.7 LEDs .................................................................................................................................... 33Chapter 2The WPS Button......................................................................................................................352.1 Overview .............................................................................................................................. 35Chapter 3Introducing the Web Configurator ........................................................................................373.1 Web Configurator Overview ................................................................................................ 373.2 Accessing the Web Configurator ......................................................................................... 373.3 Resetting the NBG-460N .....................................................................................................393.3.1 Procedure to Use the Reset Button ........................................................................... 393.4 Navigating the Web Configurator ..................................................................................... 393.5 The Status Screen in Router Mode ..................................................................................... 393.5.1 Navigation Panel ........................................................................................................ 42
Table of ContentsNBG-460N User’s Guide123.5.2 Summary: Any IP Table ............................................................................................. 443.5.3 Summary: Bandwidth Management Monitor ........................................................... 443.5.4 Summary: DHCP Table ........................................................................................... 453.5.5 Summary: Packet Statistics .................................................................................... 463.5.6 Summary: VPN Monitor ............................................................................................. 473.5.7 Summary: Wireless Station Status ......................................................................... 47Chapter 4Connection Wizard .................................................................................................................494.1 Wizard Setup ....................................................................................................................... 494.2 Connection Wizard: STEP 1: System Information ............................................................... 504.2.1 System Name ............................................................................................................. 504.2.2 Domain Name ............................................................................................................ 514.3 Connection Wizard: STEP 2: Wireless LAN ........................................................................ 514.3.1 Basic (WEP) Security ................................................................................................. 534.3.2 Extend (WPA-PSK or WPA2-PSK) Security .............................................................. 544.4 Connection Wizard: STEP 3: Internet Configuration ........................................................... 544.4.1 Ethernet Connection .................................................................................................. 554.4.2 PPPoE Connection .................................................................................................... 554.4.3 PPTP Connection ....................................................................................................... 564.4.4 Your IP Address ......................................................................................................... 584.4.5 WAN IP Address Assignment .................................................................................... 584.4.6 IP Address and Subnet Mask ..................................................................................... 594.4.7 DNS Server Address Assignment .............................................................................. 594.4.8 WAN IP and DNS Server Address Assignment ......................................................... 604.4.9 WAN MAC Address .................................................................................................... 614.5 Connection Wizard: STEP 4: Bandwidth management ....................................................... 624.6 Connection Wizard Complete .............................................................................................. 62Chapter 5AP Mode...................................................................................................................................655.1 AP Mode Overview .............................................................................................................. 655.2 Setting your NBG-460N to AP Mode ................................................................................... 655.3 The Status Screen in AP Mode ........................................................................................... 665.3.1 Navigation Panel ........................................................................................................ 685.4 Configuring Your Settings .................................................................................................... 695.4.1 LAN Settings .............................................................................................................. 695.4.2 WLAN and Maintenance Settings .............................................................................. 715.5 Logging in to the Web Configurator in AP Mode ................................................................. 71Chapter 6Tutorials...................................................................................................................................736.1 Wireless Tutorials ................................................................................................................ 73
Table of ContentsNBG-460N User’s Guide 136.1.1 How to Connect to the Internet from an AP ............................................................... 736.1.2 Configure Wireless Security Using WPS on both your NBG-460N and Wireless Client 736.1.3 Enable and Configure Wireless Security without WPS on your NBG-460N .............. 766.1.4 Configure Your Notebook ........................................................................................... 786.2 Site-To-Site VPN Tunnel Tutorial ........................................................................................ 806.2.1 Configuring Bob’s NBG-460N VPN Settings .............................................................. 816.2.2 Configuring Jack’s NBG-460N VPN Settings ............................................................. 836.2.3 Checking the VPN Connection ................................................................................... 84Part II: Network....................................................................................... 87Chapter 7Wireless LAN...........................................................................................................................897.1 Wireless Network Overview ................................................................................................. 897.2 Wireless Security Overview .................................................................................................907.2.1 SSID ........................................................................................................................... 907.2.2 MAC Address Filter .................................................................................................... 907.2.3 User Authentication .................................................................................................... 907.2.4 Encryption .................................................................................................................. 917.3 Roaming .............................................................................................................................. 927.3.1 Requirements for Roaming ........................................................................................ 937.4 Quality of Service ................................................................................................................ 937.4.1 WMM QoS ..................................................................................................................947.5 General Wireless LAN Screen ............................................................................................ 947.5.1 No Security ................................................................................................................. 967.5.2 WEP Encryption ......................................................................................................... 967.5.3 WPA-PSK/WPA2-PSK ............................................................................................... 987.5.4 WPA/WPA2 ................................................................................................................ 997.6 MAC Filter .......................................................................................................................... 1017.7 Wireless LAN Advanced Screen ....................................................................................... 1027.8 Quality of Service (QoS) Screen ....................................................................................... 1037.8.1 Application Priority Configuration ............................................................................. 1057.9 WiFi Protected Setup ......................................................................................................... 1067.9.1 WPS Screen ............................................................................................................. 1067.9.2 WPS Station Screen ................................................................................................ 1077.9.3 Scheduling ...............................................................................................................1077.10 iPod Touch Web Configurator ......................................................................................... 1087.10.1 Login Screen .......................................................................................................... 1097.10.2 System Status ........................................................................................................ 1107.10.3 WPS in Progress .................................................................................................... 1127.10.4 Port Forwarding ...................................................................................................... 113
Table of ContentsNBG-460N User’s Guide147.11 Accessing the iPod Touch Web Configurator .................................................................. 1147.11.1 Accessing the iPod Touch Web Configurator ........................................................ 115Chapter 8WAN .......................................................................................................................................1178.1 WAN Overview .................................................................................................................. 1178.2 WAN MAC Address ........................................................................................................... 1178.3 Multicast ............................................................................................................................ 1178.4 Internet Connection ........................................................................................................... 1188.4.1 Ethernet Encapsulation ............................................................................................ 1188.4.2 PPPoE Encapsulation .............................................................................................. 1198.4.3 PPTP Encapsulation ................................................................................................ 1228.5 Advanced WAN Screen ..................................................................................................... 125Chapter 9LAN.........................................................................................................................................1279.1 LAN Overview .................................................................................................................... 1279.1.1 IP Pool Setup ........................................................................................................... 1279.1.2 System DNS Servers ............................................................................................... 1279.2 LAN TCP/IP ....................................................................................................................... 1279.2.1 Factory LAN Defaults ............................................................................................... 1279.2.2 IP Address and Subnet Mask ................................................................................... 1289.2.3 Multicast ................................................................................................................... 1289.2.4 Any IP ....................................................................................................................... 1289.3 LAN IP Screen ................................................................................................................... 1309.4 LAN IP Alias ..................................................................................................................... 1309.5 Advanced LAN Screen ...................................................................................................... 131Chapter 10DHCP......................................................................................................................................13310.1 DHCP .............................................................................................................................. 13310.2 DHCP General Screen .................................................................................................... 13310.3 DHCP Advanced Screen .............................................................................................. 13410.4 Client List Screen ............................................................................................................ 135Chapter 11Network Address Translation (NAT) ...................................................................................13711.1 NAT Overview .............................................................................................................. 13711.2 Using NAT ....................................................................................................................... 13711.2.1 Port Forwarding: Services and Port Numbers ........................................................ 13711.2.2 Configuring Servers Behind Port Forwarding Example .......................................... 13811.3 General NAT Screen ....................................................................................................... 13811.4 NAT Application Screen ................................................................................................ 139
Table of ContentsNBG-460N User’s Guide 1511.4.1 Game List Example ................................................................................................ 14111.5 Trigger Port Forwarding ...................................................................................................14211.5.1 Trigger Port Forwarding Example .......................................................................... 14211.5.2 Two Points To Remember About Trigger Ports ..................................................... 14311.6 NAT Advanced Screen .................................................................................................... 143Chapter 12Dynamic DNS ........................................................................................................................14712.1 Dynamic DNS Introduction ............................................................................................. 14712.1.1 DynDNS Wildcard .................................................................................................. 14712.2 Dynamic DNS Screen .................................................................................................... 147Part III: Security.................................................................................... 151Chapter 13Firewall...................................................................................................................................15313.1 Introduction to ZyXEL’s Firewall .................................................................................... 15313.1.1 What is a Firewall? ................................................................................................. 15313.1.2 Stateful Inspection Firewall .................................................................................... 15313.1.3 About the NBG-460N Firewall ................................................................................ 15313.1.4 Guidelines For Enhancing Security With Your Firewall .......................................... 15413.2 Triangle Routes ............................................................................................................... 15413.2.1 Triangle Routes and IP Alias .................................................................................. 15413.3 General Firewall Screen ............................................................................................... 15513.4 Services Screen ............................................................................................................. 15613.4.1 The Add Firewall Rule Screen ............................................................................... 157Chapter 14Content Filtering ...................................................................................................................16114.1 Introduction to Content Filtering ...................................................................................... 16114.2 Restrict Web Features .....................................................................................................16114.3 Days and Times ............................................................................................................... 16114.4 Filter Screen .................................................................................................................... 16114.5 Schedule .......................................................................................................................... 16314.6 Customizing Keyword Blocking URL Checking ............................................................... 16414.6.1 Domain Name or IP Address URL Checking ......................................................... 16414.6.2 Full Path URL Checking ......................................................................................... 16414.6.3 File Name URL Checking ....................................................................................... 164Chapter 15IPSec VPN..............................................................................................................................165
Table of ContentsNBG-460N User’s Guide1615.1 IPSec VPN Overview ....................................................................................................... 16515.1.1 What You Can Do in the IPSec VPN Screens ....................................................... 16515.1.2 What You Need To Know About IPSec VPN ......................................................... 16615.1.3 IKE SA (IKE Phase 1) Overview ............................................................................ 16615.1.4 IPSec SA (IKE Phase 2) Overview ...................................................................... 16715.2 The General Screen ........................................................................................................16715.2.1 VPN Rule Setup (Basic) ......................................................................................... 16815.2.2 VPN Rule Setup (Advanced) .................................................................................. 17315.2.3 VPN Rule Setup (Manual) ...................................................................................... 17915.3 The SA Monitor Screen ................................................................................................... 18415.4 VPN and Remote Management ....................................................................................... 18515.5 IPSec VPN Technical Reference ..................................................................................... 186Part IV: Management ........................................................................... 193Chapter 16Static Route Screens............................................................................................................19516.1 Static Route Overview .....................................................................................................19516.2 IP Static Route Screen ....................................................................................................19516.2.1 Static Route Setup Screen ................................................................................... 196Chapter 17Bandwidth Management.......................................................................................................19917.1 Bandwidth Management Overview ................................................................................. 19917.2 Application-based Bandwidth Management .................................................................... 19917.3 Subnet-based Bandwidth Management .......................................................................... 19917.4 Application and Subnet-based Bandwidth Management ................................................. 20017.5 Bandwidth Management Priorities ................................................................................... 20017.6 Predefined Bandwidth Management Services ................................................................. 20117.6.1 Services and Port Numbers ................................................................................... 20117.7 Default Bandwidth Management Classes and Priorities .................................................. 20217.8 Bandwidth Management General Configuration ............................................................. 20217.9 Bandwidth Management Advanced Configuration ......................................................... 20317.9.1 Rule Configuration with the Pre-defined Service ................................................ 20517.9.2 Rule Configuration: User Defined Service Rule Configuration ............................ 20517.10 Bandwidth Management Monitor ................................................................................ 206Chapter 18Remote Management............................................................................................................20918.1 Remote Management Overview ...................................................................................... 20918.1.1 Remote Management Limitations .......................................................................... 209
Table of ContentsNBG-460N User’s Guide 1718.1.2 Remote Management and NAT ............................................................................. 21018.1.3 System Timeout .................................................................................................... 21018.2 WWW Screen ............................................................................................................... 21018.3 Telnet ............................................................................................................................... 21118.4 Telnet Screen .................................................................................................................. 21118.5 FTP Screen ..................................................................................................................... 21218.6 DNS Screen .................................................................................................................. 212Chapter 19Universal Plug-and-Play (UPnP)..........................................................................................21519.1 Introducing Universal Plug and Play ............................................................................... 21519.1.1 How do I know if I'm using UPnP? ......................................................................... 21519.1.2 NAT Traversal ........................................................................................................ 21519.1.3 Cautions with UPnP ............................................................................................... 21519.2 UPnP and ZyXEL ............................................................................................................21619.3 UPnP Screen ................................................................................................................... 21619.4 Installing UPnP in Windows Example .............................................................................. 217Part V: Maintenance and Troubleshooting........................................ 227Chapter 20System ...................................................................................................................................22920.1 System Overview ............................................................................................................. 22920.2 System General Screen ................................................................................................. 22920.3 Time Setting Screen ........................................................................................................ 230Chapter 21Logs .......................................................................................................................................23321.1 View Log ......................................................................................................................... 23321.2 Log Settings ..................................................................................................................... 23421.3 Log Descriptions .............................................................................................................. 237Chapter 22Tools ......................................................................................................................................25122.1 Firmware Upload Screen ................................................................................................. 25122.2 Configuration Screen ....................................................................................................... 25222.2.1 Backup Configuration ............................................................................................. 25322.2.2 Restore Configuration ............................................................................................ 25322.2.3 Back to Factory Defaults ........................................................................................ 25422.3 Restart Screen ................................................................................................................. 25422.4 Wake On LAN .................................................................................................................. 255
Table of ContentsNBG-460N User’s Guide18Chapter 23Configuration Mode..............................................................................................................257Chapter 24Sys Op Mode .........................................................................................................................25924.1 Overview .......................................................................................................................... 25924.1.1 Router .................................................................................................................... 25924.1.2 AP .......................................................................................................................... 25924.2 Selecting System Operation Mode .................................................................................. 260Chapter 25Language...............................................................................................................................26325.1 Language Screen ............................................................................................................ 263Chapter 26Troubleshooting....................................................................................................................26526.1 Power, Hardware Connections, and LEDs ...................................................................... 26526.2 NBG-460N Access and Login .......................................................................................... 26626.3 Internet Access ................................................................................................................ 26826.4 Resetting the NBG-460N to Its Factory Defaults ............................................................. 26926.5 Wireless Router/AP Troubleshooting .............................................................................. 26926.6 Advanced Features .........................................................................................................270Part VI: Appendices and Index ........................................................... 271Appendix A Product Specifications and Wall-Mounting Instructions....................................273Appendix B Pop-up Windows, JavaScripts and Java Permissions......................................279Appendix C IP Addresses and Subnetting ...........................................................................285Appendix D Setting up Your Computer’s IP Address ...........................................................29326.6.1 Verifying Settings ................................................................................................... 308Appendix E Wireless LANs ..................................................................................................30926.6.2 WPA(2)-PSK Application Example ......................................................................... 31826.6.3 WPA(2) with RADIUS Application Example ........................................................... 318Appendix F Services ............................................................................................................321Appendix G Legal Information..............................................................................................325Appendix H Customer Support.............................................................................................329Index.......................................................................................................................................335
List of FiguresNBG-460N User’s Guide 19List of FiguresFigure 1 Secure Wireless Internet Access in Router Mode ................................................................... 31Figure 2 Wireless Internet Access in AP Mode ..................................................................................... 32Figure 3 Front Panel ............................................................................................................................... 33Figure 4 Change Password Screen ........................................................................................................ 38Figure 5 Selecting the setup mode ....................................................................................................... 39Figure 6 Web Configurator Status Screen ............................................................................................. 40Figure 7 Any IP Table ............................................................................................................................ 44Figure 8 Summary: BW MGMT Monitor ................................................................................................. 45Figure 9 Summary: DHCP Table ............................................................................................................ 45Figure 10 Summary: Packet Statistics ................................................................................................... 46Figure 11 Summary: VPN Monitor .......................................................................................................... 47Figure 12 Summary: Wireless Association List ...................................................................................... 47Figure 13 Select Wizard or Advanced Mode .......................................................................................... 49Figure 14 Select a Language ................................................................................................................. 50Figure 15 Welcome to the Connection Wizard ....................................................................................... 50Figure 16 Wizard Step 1: System Information ........................................................................................ 51Figure 17 Wizard Step 2: Wireless LAN ................................................................................................. 52Figure 18 Wizard Step 2: Basic (WEP) Security .................................................................................... 53Figure 19 Wizard Step 2: Extend (WPA-PSK or WPA2-PSK) Security .................................................. 54Figure 20 Wizard Step 3: ISP Parameters. ............................................................................................ 55Figure 21 Wizard Step 3: Ethernet Connection ...................................................................................... 55Figure 22 Wizard Step 3: PPPoE Connection ........................................................................................ 56Figure 23 Wizard Step 3: PPTP Connection .......................................................................................... 57Figure 24 Wizard Step 3: Your IP Address ............................................................................................. 58Figure 25 Wizard Step 3: WAN IP and DNS Server Addresses ............................................................. 60Figure 26 Wizard Step 3: WAN MAC Address .......................................................................................61Figure 27 Wizard Step 4: Bandwidth Management ............................................................................... 62Figure 28 Connection Wizard Save ....................................................................................................... 63Figure 29 Connection Wizard Complete ................................................................................................. 63Figure 30 Wireless Internet Access in AP Mode ................................................................................... 65Figure 31 Maintenance > Sys OP Mode > General ................................................................................ 66Figure 32 Status: AP Mode ................................................................................................................... 66Figure 33 Menu: AP Mode ...................................................................................................................... 68Figure 34 Network > LAN > IP ............................................................................................................. 70Figure 35 Wireless AP Connection to the Internet ................................................................................. 73Figure 36 Example WPS Process: PBC Method .................................................................................... 75Figure 37 Example WPS Process: PIN Method ..................................................................................... 76Figure 38 Network > Wireless LAN > General ....................................................................................... 77
List of FiguresNBG-460N User’s Guide20Figure 39 Status: AP Mode .................................................................................................................... 78Figure 40 Connecting a Wireless Client to a Wireless Network t ........................................................... 79Figure 41 Security Settings ................................................................................................................... 79Figure 42 Confirm Save .......................................................................................................................... 79Figure 43 Link Status ............................................................................................................................. 80Figure 44 Site-To-Site VPN Tunnel ........................................................................................................ 80Figure 45 Property .................................................................................................................................. 81Figure 46 Local Policy ............................................................................................................................ 81Figure 47 Remote Policy ........................................................................................................................ 82Figure 48 Authentication Method ............................................................................................................ 82Figure 49 IPSec Algorithm ...................................................................................................................... 82Figure 50 VPN Summary ........................................................................................................................ 83Figure 51 Property .................................................................................................................................. 83Figure 52 Local Policy ............................................................................................................................ 83Figure 53 Remote Policy ........................................................................................................................ 83Figure 54 Authentication Method ............................................................................................................ 84Figure 55 IPSec Algorithm ...................................................................................................................... 84Figure 56 VPN Summary ........................................................................................................................ 84Figure 57 Pinging Jack’s Local IP Address ............................................................................................ 85Figure 58 SA Monitor .............................................................................................................................. 85Figure 59 Example of a Wireless Network ............................................................................................. 89Figure 60 Roaming Example .................................................................................................................. 93Figure 61 Network > Wireless LAN > General ...................................................................................... 95Figure 62 Network > Wireless LAN > General: No Security ................................................................... 96Figure 63 Network > Wireless LAN > General: Static WEP ................................................................... 97Figure 64 Network > Wireless LAN > General: WPA-PSK/WPA2-PSK ................................................. 98Figure 65 Network > Wireless LAN > General: WPA/WPA2 ................................................................ 100Figure 66 Network > Wireless LAN > MAC Filter ................................................................................. 102Figure 67 Network > Wireless LAN > Advanced .................................................................................. 103Figure 68 Network > Wireless LAN > QoS .......................................................................................... 104Figure 69 Network > Wireless LAN > QoS: Application Priority Configuration ..................................... 105Figure 70 WPS ..................................................................................................................................... 106Figure 71 WPS Station ......................................................................................................................... 107Figure 72 Scheduling ............................................................................................................................ 108Figure 73 Login Screen ........................................................................................................................ 109Figure 74 System Status screen .......................................................................................................... 111Figure 75 WPS In Progress .................................................................................................................. 113Figure 76 Port Forwarding .................................................................................................................... 114Figure 77 Login Screen ........................................................................................................................ 115Figure 78 Network > WAN > Internet Connection: Ethernet Encapsulation ......................................... 118Figure 79 Network > WAN > Internet Connection: PPPoE Encapsulation ........................................... 120Figure 80 Network > WAN > Internet Connection: PPTP Encapsulation ............................................. 123Figure 81 Network > WAN > Advanced ............................................................................................... 125
List of FiguresNBG-460N User’s Guide 21Figure 82 Any IP Example .................................................................................................................... 129Figure 83 Network > LAN > IP ............................................................................................................. 130Figure 84 Network > LAN > IP Alias .................................................................................................... 131Figure 85 Network > LAN > Advanced .............................................................................................. 131Figure 86 Network > DHCP > General .............................................................................................. 133Figure 87 Network > DHCP > Advanced ............................................................................................. 134Figure 88 Network > DHCP > Client List ............................................................................................. 136Figure 89 Multiple Servers Behind NAT Example ................................................................................ 138Figure 90 Network > NAT > General ................................................................................................... 138Figure 91 Network > NAT > Application .............................................................................................. 140Figure 92 Game List Example .............................................................................................................. 142Figure 93 Trigger Port Forwarding Process: Example ......................................................................... 143Figure 94 Network > NAT > Advanced ................................................................................................ 144Figure 95 Dynamic DNS ....................................................................................................................... 148Figure 96 Using IP Alias to Solve the Triangle Route Problem ............................................................ 155Figure 97 Security > Firewall > General l ............................................................................................. 155Figure 98 Security > Firewall > Services ............................................................................................. 156Figure 99 Security > Firewall > Services > Adding a Rule .................................................................. 158Figure 100 Security > Content Filter > Filter ........................................................................................ 162Figure 101 Security > Content Filter > Schedule .................................................................................. 163Figure 102 IPSec VPN: Overview ........................................................................................................ 165Figure 103 VPN: IKE SA and IPSec SA .............................................................................................. 166Figure 104 Security > VPN > General .................................................................................................. 167Figure 105 IPSec Fields Summary ..................................................................................................... 169Figure 106 Security > VPN > General > Rule Setup: IKE (Basic) ........................................................ 169Figure 107 Security > VPN > General > Rule Setup: IKE (Advanced) ................................................. 174Figure 108 Security > VPN > General > Rule Setup: Manual .............................................................. 181Figure 109 Security > VPN > SA Monitor ............................................................................................. 184Figure 110 VPN for Remote Management Example ............................................................................ 185Figure 111 IKE SA: Main Negotiation Mode, Steps 1 - 2: IKE SA Proposal ......................................... 186Figure 112 IKE SA: Main Negotiation Mode, Steps 3 - 4: DH Key Exchange ...................................... 186Figure 113 IKE SA: Main Negotiation Mode, Steps 5 - 6: Authentication ............................................. 187Figure 114 VPN/NAT Example ............................................................................................................. 189Figure 115 VPN: Transport and Tunnel Mode Encapsulation .............................................................. 190Figure 116 Private DNS Server Example ............................................................................................. 192Figure 117 Example of Static Routing Topology ..................................................................................195Figure 118 Management > Static Route > IP Static Route ................................................................... 196Figure 119 Management > Static Route > IP Static Route: Static Route Setup ................................... 197Figure 120 Subnet-based Bandwidth Management Example .............................................................. 200Figure 121 Management > Bandwidth MGMT > General .................................................................. 202Figure 122 Management > Bandwidth MGMT > Advanced ................................................................ 203Figure 123 Bandwidth Management Rule Configuration: Pre-defined Service .................................... 205Figure 124 Management > Bandwidth MGMT > Advanced: User-defined Service Rule Configuration 206
List of FiguresNBG-460N User’s Guide22Figure 125 Management > Bandwidth MGMT > Monitor .................................................................... 207Figure 126 Management > Remote MGMT > WWW .......................................................................... 210Figure 127 Management > Remote MGMT > Telnet ........................................................................... 211Figure 128 Management > Remote MGMT > FTP .............................................................................. 212Figure 129 Management > Remote MGMT > DNS ............................................................................. 213Figure 130 Management > UPnP > General ....................................................................................... 216Figure 131 Add/Remove Programs: Windows Setup: Communication ................................................ 217Figure 132 Add/Remove Programs: Windows Setup: Communication: Components .......................... 218Figure 133 Network Connections ......................................................................................................... 218Figure 134 Windows Optional Networking Components Wizard .......................................................... 219Figure 135 Networking Services ........................................................................................................... 219Figure 136 Network Connections ......................................................................................................... 220Figure 137 Internet Connection Properties .......................................................................................... 221Figure 138 Internet Connection Properties: Advanced Settings ........................................................... 222Figure 139 Internet Connection Properties: Advanced Settings: Add .................................................. 222Figure 140 System Tray Icon ............................................................................................................... 223Figure 141 Internet Connection Status ................................................................................................. 223Figure 142 Network Connections ......................................................................................................... 224Figure 143 Network Connections: My Network Places ........................................................................ 225Figure 144 Network Connections: My Network Places: Properties: Example ...................................... 225Figure 145 Maintenance > System > General .....................................................................................229Figure 146 Maintenance > System > Time Setting ............................................................................. 230Figure 147 Maintenance > Logs > View Log ....................................................................................... 233Figure 148 Maintenance > Logs > Log Settings ..................................................................................235Figure 149 Maintenance > Tools > Firmware ...................................................................................... 251Figure 150 Upload Warning .................................................................................................................. 252Figure 151 Network Temporarily Disconnected ................................................................................... 252Figure 152 Upload Error Message ....................................................................................................... 252Figure 153 Maintenance > Tools > Configuration ............................................................................... 253Figure 154 Configuration Restore Successful ...................................................................................... 254Figure 155 Temporarily Disconnected .................................................................................................. 254Figure 156 Configuration Restore Error ............................................................................................... 254Figure 157 Maintenance > Tools > Restart ......................................................................................... 255Figure 158 Maintenance > Tools > Wake On LAN .............................................................................. 255Figure 159 Maintenance > Config Mode > General ............................................................................ 257Figure 160 LAN and WAN IP Addresses in Router Mode .................................................................... 259Figure 161 IP Address in AP Mode ...................................................................................................... 260Figure 162 Maintenance > Sys OP Mode > General ........................................................................... 260Figure 163 Maintenance > Sys Op Mode > General: Router ............................................................... 260Figure 164 Maintenance > Sys Op Mode > General: AP ..................................................................... 261Figure 165 Language ........................................................................................................................... 263Figure 166 Wall-mounting Example ..................................................................................................... 277Figure 167 Masonry Plug and M4 Tap Screw ...................................................................................... 278
List of FiguresNBG-460N User’s Guide 23Figure 168 Pop-up Blocker ................................................................................................................... 279Figure 169 Internet Options: Privacy .................................................................................................... 280Figure 170 Internet Options: Privacy .................................................................................................... 281Figure 171 Pop-up Blocker Settings ..................................................................................................... 281Figure 172 Internet Options: Security ................................................................................................... 282Figure 173 Security Settings - Java Scripting ....................................................................................... 283Figure 174 Security Settings - Java ...................................................................................................... 283Figure 175 Java (Sun) .......................................................................................................................... 284Figure 176 Network Number and Host ID ............................................................................................ 286Figure 177 Subnetting Example: Before Subnetting ............................................................................ 288Figure 178 Subnetting Example: After Subnetting ............................................................................... 289Figure 179 WIndows 95/98/Me: Network: Configuration ...................................................................... 294Figure 180 Windows 95/98/Me: TCP/IP Properties: IP Address .......................................................... 295Figure 181 Windows 95/98/Me: TCP/IP Properties: DNS Configuration .............................................. 296Figure 182 Windows XP: Start Menu ................................................................................................... 297Figure 183 Windows XP: Control Panel ............................................................................................... 297Figure 184 Windows XP: Control Panel: Network Connections: Properties ......................................... 298Figure 185 Windows XP: Local Area Connection Properties ............................................................... 298Figure 186 Windows XP: Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) Properties .......................................................... 299Figure 187 Windows XP: Advanced TCP/IP Properties ....................................................................... 300Figure 188 Windows XP: Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) Properties .......................................................... 301Figure 189 Macintosh OS 8/9: Apple Menu .......................................................................................... 302Figure 190 Macintosh OS 8/9: TCP/IP ................................................................................................. 302Figure 191 Macintosh OS X: Apple Menu ............................................................................................ 303Figure 192 Macintosh OS X: Network .................................................................................................. 304Figure 193 Red Hat 9.0: KDE: Network Configuration: Devices ......................................................... 305Figure 194 Red Hat 9.0: KDE: Ethernet Device: General ................................................................... 306Figure 195 Red Hat 9.0: KDE: Network Configuration: DNS ............................................................... 306Figure 196 Red Hat 9.0: KDE: Network Configuration: Activate ......................................................... 307Figure 197 Red Hat 9.0: Dynamic IP Address Setting in ifconfig-eth0 ................................................ 307Figure 198 Red Hat 9.0: Static IP Address Setting in ifconfig-eth0 ................................................... 307Figure 199 Red Hat 9.0: DNS Settings in resolv.conf ....................................................................... 308Figure 200 Red Hat 9.0: Restart Ethernet Card .................................................................................. 308Figure 201 Red Hat 9.0: Checking TCP/IP Properties ........................................................................ 308Figure 202 Peer-to-Peer Communication in an Ad-hoc Network ......................................................... 309Figure 203 Basic Service Set ............................................................................................................... 310Figure 204 Infrastructure WLAN ........................................................................................................... 311Figure 205 RTS/CTS ........................................................................................................................... 312Figure 206 WPA(2)-PSK Authentication ............................................................................................... 318
List of FiguresNBG-460N User’s Guide24
List of TablesNBG-460N User’s Guide 25List of TablesTable 1 Features Available in Router Mode vs. AP Mode ..................................................................... 32Table 2 Front Panel LEDs ..................................................................................................................... 33Table 3 Status Screen Icon Key ............................................................................................................ 40Table 4 Web Configurator Status Screen ........................................................................................... 40Table 5 Screens Summary .................................................................................................................... 42Table 6 Summary: DHCP Table ............................................................................................................ 45Table 7 Summary: Packet Statistics ...................................................................................................... 46Table 8 Summary: Wireless Association List ........................................................................................ 47Table 9 Summary: Wireless Association List ........................................................................................ 48Table 10 Wizard Step 1: System Information ........................................................................................ 51Table 11 Wizard Step 2: Wireless LAN ................................................................................................. 52Table 12 Wizard Step 2: Basic (WEP) Security ..................................................................................... 53Table 13 Wizard Step 2: Extend (WPA-PSK or WPA2-PSK) Security .................................................. 54Table 14 Wizard Step 3: ISP Parameters .............................................................................................. 55Table 15 Wizard Step 3: PPPoE Connection ........................................................................................ 56Table 16 Wizard Step 3: PPTP Connection .......................................................................................... 57Table 17 Wizard Step 3: Your IP Address ............................................................................................. 58Table 18 Private IP Address Ranges .................................................................................................... 58Table 19 Wizard Step 3: WAN IP and DNS Server Addresses ............................................................. 60Table 20 Example of Network Properties for LAN Servers with Fixed IP Addresses ............................ 61Table 21 Wizard Step 3: WAN MAC Address .......................................................................................61Table 22 Wizard Step 4: Bandwidth Management ................................................................................ 62Table 23 Web Configurator Status Screen ........................................................................................... 67Table 24 Screens Summary .................................................................................................................. 68Table 25 Network > LAN > IP ............................................................................................................... 70Table 26 Site-To-Site VPN Tunnel Settings .......................................................................................... 80Table 27 Types of Encryption for Each Type of Authentication ............................................................. 91Table 28 WMM QoS Priorities ............................................................................................................... 94Table 29 Network > Wireless LAN > General ........................................................................................ 95Table 30 Wireless No Security .............................................................................................................. 96Table 31 Network > Wireless LAN > General: Static WEP ................................................................... 97Table 32 Network > Wireless LAN > General: WPA-PSK/WPA2-PSK ................................................. 99Table 33 Network > Wireless LAN > General: WPA/WPA2 ................................................................ 100Table 34 Network > Wireless LAN > MAC Filter ................................................................................. 102Table 35 Network > Wireless LAN > Advanced .................................................................................. 103Table 36 Network > Wireless LAN > QoS ........................................................................................... 104Table 37 WPS ..................................................................................................................................... 106Table 38 WPS Station ......................................................................................................................... 107
List of TablesNBG-460N User’s Guide26Table 39 Scheduling ............................................................................................................................ 108Table 40 Login Screen ........................................................................................................................ 109Table 41 System Status screen ........................................................................................................... 111Table 42 Port Forwarding .................................................................................................................... 114Table 43 Network > WAN > Internet Connection: Ethernet Encapsulation ......................................... 119Table 44 Network > WAN > Internet Connection: PPPoE Encapsulation ........................................... 121Table 45 Network > WAN > Internet Connection: PPTP Encapsulation ............................................. 123Table 46 WAN > Advanced ................................................................................................................. 125Table 47 Network > LAN > IP .............................................................................................................. 130Table 48 Network > LAN > IP Alias ..................................................................................................... 131Table 49 Network > LAN > Advanced ................................................................................................. 132Table 50 Network > DHCP > General ................................................................................................. 133Table 51 Network > DHCP > Advanced .............................................................................................. 134Table 52 Network > DHCP > Client List .............................................................................................. 136Table 53 Network > NAT > General .................................................................................................... 139Table 54 NAT Application .................................................................................................................... 140Table 55 Network > NAT > Advanced ................................................................................................. 144Table 56 Dynamic DNS ....................................................................................................................... 148Table 57 Security > Firewall > General ............................................................................................... 155Table 58 Security > Firewall > Services .............................................................................................. 156Table 59 Security > Firewall > Services > Adding a Rule .................................................................... 158Table 60 Security > Content Filter > Filter ........................................................................................... 162Table 61 Security > Content Filter > Schedule .................................................................................... 163Table 62 Security > VPN > General .................................................................................................... 168Table 63 SECURITY > VPN > Rule Setup: IKE (Basic) ...................................................................... 170Table 64 Security > VPN > Rule Setup: IKE (Advanced) .................................................................... 175Table 65 Security > VPN > Rule Setup: Manual ................................................................................. 181Table 66 Security > VPN > SA Monitor ............................................................................................... 185Table 67 VPN Example: Matching ID Type and Content .................................................................... 187Table 68 VPN Example: Mismatching ID Type and Content ............................................................... 188Table 69 Management > Static Route > IP Static Route ..................................................................... 196Table 70 Management > Static Route > IP Static Route: Static Route Setup ..................................... 197Table 71 Application and Subnet-based Bandwidth Management Example ....................................... 200Table 72 Bandwidth Management Priorities ........................................................................................ 200Table 73 Media Bandwidth Management Setup: Services .................................................................. 201Table 74 Bandwidth Management Priority with Default Classes ......................................................... 202Table 75 Management > Bandwidth MGMT > General ....................................................................... 203Table 76 Management > Bandwidth MGMT > Advanced .................................................................... 204Table 77 Bandwidth Management Rule Configuration: Pre-defined Service ...................................... 205Table 78 Management > Bandwidth MGMT > Advanced: User-defined Service Rule Configuration 206Table 79 Management > Remote MGMT > WWW .............................................................................. 210Table 80 Management > Remote MGMT > Telnet .............................................................................. 211Table 81 Management > Remote MGMT > FTP ................................................................................. 212
List of TablesNBG-460N User’s Guide 27Table 82 Management > Remote MGMT > DNS ................................................................................ 213Table 83 Management > UPnP > General ..........................................................................................216Table 84 Maintenance > System > General ........................................................................................ 229Table 85 Maintenance > System > Time Setting ................................................................................. 231Table 86 Maintenance > Logs > View Log .......................................................................................... 234Table 87 Maintenance > Logs > Log Settings ..................................................................................... 235Table 88 System Maintenance Logs ................................................................................................... 237Table 89 System Error Logs ................................................................................................................ 238Table 90 Access Control Logs ............................................................................................................. 238Table 91 TCP Reset Logs ................................................................................................................... 238Table 92 Packet Filter Logs ................................................................................................................. 239Table 93 ICMP Logs ............................................................................................................................ 239Table 94 CDR Logs ............................................................................................................................. 240Table 95 PPP Logs .............................................................................................................................. 240Table 96 UPnP Logs ........................................................................................................................... 240Table 97 Content Filtering Logs .......................................................................................................... 240Table 98 Attack Logs ........................................................................................................................... 241Table 99 IPSec Logs ........................................................................................................................... 242Table 100 IKE Logs ............................................................................................................................. 242Table 101 PKI Logs ............................................................................................................................. 245Table 102 802.1X Logs ....................................................................................................................... 246Table 103 ACL Setting Notes .............................................................................................................. 247Table 104 ICMP Notes ........................................................................................................................ 247Table 105 Syslog Logs ........................................................................................................................ 248Table 106 RFC-2408 ISAKMP Payload Types .................................................................................... 249Table 107 Maintenance > Tools > Firmware ....................................................................................... 251Table 108 Maintenance Restore Configuration ...................................................................................253Table 109 Maintenance > Tools > Wake On LAN ............................................................................... 255Table 110 Maintenance > Config Mode > General ............................................................................. 257Table 111 Advanced Configuration Options ....................................................................................... 258Table 112 Maintenance > Sys OP Mode > General ........................................................................... 261Table 113 Hardware Features ............................................................................................................. 273Table 114 Firmware Features ............................................................................................................. 274Table 115 Feature Specifications ........................................................................................................ 275Table 116 Standards Supported .......................................................................................................... 276Table 117 Subnet Mask - Identifying Network Number ....................................................................... 286Table 118 Subnet Masks ..................................................................................................................... 287Table 119 Maximum Host Numbers .................................................................................................... 287Table 120 Alternative Subnet Mask Notation ...................................................................................... 287Table 121 Subnet 1 ............................................................................................................................. 289Table 122 Subnet 2 ............................................................................................................................. 290Table 123 Subnet 3 ............................................................................................................................. 290Table 124 Subnet 4 ............................................................................................................................. 290
List of TablesNBG-460N User’s Guide28Table 125 Eight Subnets ..................................................................................................................... 290Table 126 24-bit Network Number Subnet Planning ........................................................................... 291Table 127 16-bit Network Number Subnet Planning ........................................................................... 291Table 128 IEEE 802.11g ..................................................................................................................... 313Table 129 Comparison of EAP Authentication Types ......................................................................... 316Table 130 Wireless Security Relational Matrix .................................................................................... 319Table 131 Examples of Services ......................................................................................................... 321
29PART IIntroductionGetting to Know Your NBG-460N (31)The WPS Button (35)Introducing the Web Configurator (37)Connection Wizard (49)AP Mode (65)Tutorials (73)
30
NBG-460N User’s Guide 31CHAPTER 1 Getting to Know Your NBG-460NThis chapter introduces the main features and applications of the NBG-460N.1.1 OverviewThe NBG-460N acts as either an access point (AP) or a secure broadband router for all data passing between the Internet and your local network. In both AP and Router Mode you can set up a wireless network with other IEEE 802.11b/g/n compatible devices. In Router Mode a number of services such as a firewall, IPSec VPN and content filtering are also available. You can use media bandwidth management to efficiently manage traffic on your network. Bandwidth management features allow you to prioritize time-sensitive or highly important applications such as Voice over the Internet (VoIP).The NBG-460N also uses MIMO (Multiple-Input, Multiple-Output) antenna technology and Gigabit Ethernet ports to deliver high-speed wireless networking.1.2 Router ModeSelect Router Mode if you need to route traffic between your network and another network such as the Internet, and require important network services such as a firewall or bandwidth management. The following figure shows computers in a WLAN connecting to the NBG-460N (A), which has a DSL connection to the Internet. The NBG-460N is set to Router Mode and has router features such as a built-in firewall (B).Figure 1 Secure Wireless Internet Access in Router Mode AB
Chapter 1 Getting to Know Your NBG-460NNBG-460N User’s Guide321.3 AP ModeSelect AP Mode if you already have a router or gateway on your network which provides network services such as a firewall or bandwidth management. The following figure shows computers in a WLAN connecting to the NBG-460N, which acts as an access point (A). The NBG-460N allows the wireless computers to share the same Internet access as the other computers connected to the router (B) on the same network.Figure 2 Wireless Internet Access in AP Mode 1.4 Router Features vs. AP FeaturesThe following table shows which features are available in Router or AP Mode.ABTable 1 Features Available in Router Mode vs. AP ModeFEATURE ROUTER MODE AP MODEDHCPThis allows individual clients to obtain IP addresses at start-up from a DHCP server.YES NOFirewallThis establishes a network security barrier, protecting your network from attacks and controlling access between your network and the Internet.YES NOBandwidth ManagementThis allows you to allocate network bandwidth to specific applications and or subnets.YES NOAny IP This allows a computer to access the NBG-460N when the IP addresses of the computer and the NBG-460N are not in the same subnet.)YES NOVPNA virtual private network (VPN) provides secure communications between sites without the expense of leased site-to-site lines.YES NOWirelessThis allows two or more devices to communicate without wires, based on IEEE 802.11 wireless standards.YES YES
Chapter 1 Getting to Know Your NBG-460NNBG-460N User’s Guide 331.5 Ways to Manage the NBG-460NUse any of the following methods to manage the NBG-460N.• Web Configurator. This is recommended for everyday management of the NBG-460N using a (supported) web browser. • Command Line Interface. Line commands are mostly used for troubleshooting by service engineers. • FTP. Use File Transfer Protocol for firmware upgrades and configuration backup/restore.1.6 Good Habits for Managing the NBG-460NDo the following things regularly to make the NBG-460N more secure and to manage the NBG-460N more effectively.• Change the password. Use a password that’s not easy to guess and that consists of different types of characters, such as numbers and letters.• Write down the password and put it in a safe place.• Back up the configuration (and make sure you know how to restore it). Restoring an earlier working configuration may be useful if the device becomes unstable or even crashes. If you forget your password, you will have to reset the NBG-460N to its factory default settings. If you backed up an earlier configuration file, you would not have to totally re-configure the NBG-460N. You could simply restore your last configuration.1.7 LEDsFigure 3 Front PanelThe following table describes the LEDs.Table 2 Front Panel LEDsLED COLOR STATUS DESCRIPTIONPOWER Green On The NBG-460N is receiving power and functioning properly. Off The NBG-460N is not receiving power.
Chapter 1 Getting to Know Your NBG-460NNBG-460N User’s Guide34LAN 1-4 Green On The NBG-460N has a successful 10/100MB Ethernet connection. Blinking The NBG-460N is sending/receiving data.Amber On The NBG-460N has a successful 1000MB Ethernet connection. Blinking The NBG-460N is sending/receiving data.Off The LAN is not connected.WAN Green On The NBG-460N has a successful 10/100MB WAN connection.Blinking The NBG-460N is sending/receiving data.Amber On The NBG-460N has a successful 1000MB Ethernet connection.Blinking The NBG-460N is sending/receiving data.Off The WAN connection is not ready, or has failed.WLAN Green On The NBG-460N is ready, but is not sending/receiving data through the wireless LAN. Blinking The NBG-460N is sending/receiving data through the wireless LAN.Off The wireless LAN is not ready or has failed.WPS Green On WPS (WiFi Protected Setup) is configured on your device.Blinking The NBG-460N is attempting to connect with another wireless devices using WPS. Off WPS is disabled on your device.Table 2 Front Panel LEDs (continued)LED COLOR STATUS DESCRIPTION
NBG-460N User’s Guide 35CHAPTER 2 The WPS Button2.1 OverviewYour NBG-460N supports WiFi Protected Setup (WPS), which is an easy way to set up a secure wireless network. WPS is an industry standard specification, defined by the WiFi Alliance.WPS allows you to quickly set up a wireless network with strong security, without having to configure security settings manually. Each WPS connection works between two devices. Both devices must support WPS (check each device’s documentation to make sure). Depending on the devices you have, you can either press a button (on the device itself, or in its configuration utility) or enter a PIN (a unique Personal Identification Number that allows one device to authenticate the other) in each of the two devices. When WPS is activated on a device, it has two minutes to find another device that also has WPS activated. Then, the two devices connect and set up a secure network by themselves.For more information on using WPS, see Section 6.1.2 on page 73.
Chapter 2 The WPS ButtonNBG-460N User’s Guide36
NBG-460N User’s Guide 37CHAPTER 3 Introducing the WebConfiguratorThis chapter describes how to access the NBG-460N web configurator and provides an overview of its screens.3.1 Web Configurator OverviewThe web configurator is an HTML-based management interface that allows easy setup and management of the NBG-460N via Internet browser. Use Internet Explorer 6.0 and later or Netscape Navigator 7.0 and later versions or Safari 2.0 or later versions. The recommended screen resolution is 1024 by 768 pixels.In order to use the web configurator you need to allow:• Web browser pop-up windows from your device. Web pop-up blocking is enabled by default in Windows XP SP (Service Pack) 2.• JavaScripts (enabled by default).• Java permissions (enabled by default).Refer to the Troubleshooting chapter to see how to make sure these functions are allowed in Internet Explorer.3.2 Accessing the Web Configurator1Make sure your NBG-460N hardware is properly connected and prepare your computer or computer network to connect to the NBG-460N (refer to the Quick Start Guide).2Launch your web browser.3Type "http://192.168.1.1" as the website address. Your computer must be in the same subnet in order to access this website address.•In Router Mode enable the DHCP Server. The NBG-460N assigns your computer an IP address on the same subnet. •In AP Mode the NBG-460N does not assign an IP address to your computer, so you should check it’s in the same subnet. See Section 5.5 on page 71 for more information.
Chapter 3 Introducing the Web ConfiguratorNBG-460N User’s Guide384Type "1234" (default) as the password and click Login. In some versions, the default password appears automatically - if this is the case, click Login.5You should see a screen asking you to change your password (highly recommended) as shown next. Type a new password (and retype it to confirm) and click Apply or click Ignore.Figure 4 Change Password Screen"The management session automatically times out when the time period set in the Administrator Inactivity Timer field expires (default five minutes). Simply log back into the NBG-460N if this happens.6Select the setup mode you want to use.• Click Go to Wizard Setup to use the Configuration Wizard for basic Internet and Wireless setup.• Click Go to Basic Setup if you want to view and configure basic settings that are not part of the wizard setup. Not all Web Configurator screens are available in this mode. See Chapter 23 on page 257 for more information. •Click Go to Advanced Setup to view and configure all the NBG-460N’s settings.• Select a language to go to the basic web configurator in that language. To change to the advanced configurator see Chapter 23 on page 257.
Chapter 3 Introducing the Web ConfiguratorNBG-460N User’s Guide 39Figure 5 Selecting the setup mode3.3 Resetting the NBG-460NIf you forget your password or IP address, or you cannot access the web configurator, you will need to use the RESET button at the back of the NBG-460N to reload the factory-default configuration file. This means that you will lose all configurations that you had previously saved, the password will be reset to “1234” and the IP address will be reset to “192.168.1.1”.3.3.1 Procedure to Use the Reset Button1Make sure the power LED is on.2Press the RESET button for five seconds or until the power LED begins to blink and then release it. When the power LED begins to blink, the defaults have been restored and the NBG-460N restarts.3.4 Navigating the Web ConfiguratorThe following summarizes how to navigate the web configurator from the Status screen in Router Mode and AP Mode.3.5 The Status Screen in Router ModeClick on Status. The screen below shows the status screen in Router Mode.(For information on the status screen in AP Mode see Chapter 5 on page 66.)
Chapter 3 Introducing the Web ConfiguratorNBG-460N User’s Guide40Figure 6 Web Configurator Status Screen The following table describes the icons shown in the Status screen.The following table describes the labels shown in the Status screen.Table 3 Status Screen Icon Key ICON DESCRIPTIONClick this icon to open the setup wizard. Click this icon to view copyright and a link for related product information.Click this icon at any time to exit the web configurator.Select a number of seconds or None from the drop-down list box to refresh all screen statistics automatically at the end of every time interval or to not refresh the screen statistics.Click this button to refresh the status screen statistics.Table 4 Web Configurator Status Screen LABEL DESCRIPTIONDevice InformationSystem Name This is the System Name you enter in the Maintenance > System > Generalscreen. It is for identification purposes.Firmware Version This is the firmware version and the date created.
Chapter 3 Introducing the Web ConfiguratorNBG-460N User’s Guide 41WAN Information- MAC Address This shows the WAN Ethernet adapter MAC Address of your device.- IP Address This shows the WAN port’s IP address.- IP Subnet Mask This shows the WAN port’s subnet mask.- DHCP This shows the WAN port’s DHCP role - Client or None.LAN Information- MAC Address This shows the LAN Ethernet adapter MAC Address of your device.- IP Address This shows the LAN port’s IP address.- IP Subnet Mask This shows the LAN port’s subnet mask.- DHCP This shows the LAN port’s DHCP role - Server or None.WLAN Information- MAC Address This shows the wireless adapter MAC Address of your device.- Status This shows the current status of the Wireless LAN - On,Off or Off by scheduler.- Name (SSID) This shows a descriptive name used to identify the NBG-460N in the wireless LAN. - Channel This shows the channel number which you select manually.- Operating Channel This shows the channel number which the NBG-460N is currently using over the wireless LAN. - Security Mode This shows the level of wireless security the NBG-460N is using.- 802.11 Mode This shows the wireless standard.- WPS This displays Configured when the WPS has been set up. This displays Unconfigured if the WPS has not been set up.Click the status to display Network > Wireless LAN > WPS screen.System StatusSystem Up Time This is the total time the NBG-460N has been on.Current Date/Time This field displays your NBG-460N’s present date and time.System Resource- CPU Usage This displays what percentage of the NBG-460N’s processing ability is currently used. When this percentage is close to 100%, the NBG-460N is running at full load, and the throughput is not going to improve anymore. If you want some applications to have more throughput, you should turn off other applications (for example, using bandwidth management.- Memory Usage This shows what percentage of the heap memory the NBG-460N is using. Heap memory refers to the memory that is not used by ZyNOS (ZyXEL Network Operating System) and is thus available for running processes like NAT and the firewall. System Setting- Firewall This shows whether the firewall is active or not.- Bandwidth Management This shows whether the bandwidth management is active or not.- UPnP This shows whether UPnP is active or not.- Configuration Mode This shows whether the advanced screens of each feature are turned on (Advanced) or not (Basic).Interface StatusInterface This displays the NBG-460N port types. The port types are: WAN,LAN and WLAN.Table 4 Web Configurator Status Screen (continued) LABEL DESCRIPTION
Chapter 3 Introducing the Web ConfiguratorNBG-460N User’s Guide423.5.1 Navigation PanelUse the sub-menus on the navigation panel to configure NBG-460N features. The following table describes the sub-menus.Status For the LAN and WAN ports, this field displays Down (line is down) or Up (line is up or connected).For the WLAN, it displays Up when the WLAN is enabled or Down when the WLAN is disabled.Rate For the LAN ports, this displays the port speed and duplex setting or N/A when the line is disconnected.For the WAN port, it displays the port speed and duplex setting if you’re using Ethernet encapsulation and Idle (line (ppp) idle), Dial (starting to trigger a call) and Drop (dropping a call) if you're using PPPoE or PPTP encapsulation. This field displays N/A when the line is disconnected.For the WLAN, it displays the maximum transmission rate when the WLAN is enabled and N/A when the WLAN is disabled.SummaryAny IP Table Use this screen to view details of IP addresses assigned to devices not in the same subnet as the NBG-460N.BW MGMT Monitor Use this screen to view the NBG-460N’s bandwidth usage and allotments.DHCP Table Use this screen to view current DHCP client information.Packet Statistics Use this screen to view port status and packet specific statistics.VPN Monitor Use this screen to view the active VPN connections.WLAN Station Status Use this screen to view the wireless stations that are currently associated to the NBG-460N.Table 4 Web Configurator Status Screen (continued) LABEL DESCRIPTIONTable 5 Screens SummaryLINK TAB FUNCTIONStatus This screen shows the NBG-460N’s general device, system and interface status information. Use this screen to access the wizard, and summary statistics tables.NetworkWirelessLAN General Use this screen to configure wireless LAN.MAC Filter Use the MAC filter screen to configure the NBG-460N to block access to devices or block the devices from accessing the NBG-460N.Advanced This screen allows you to configure advanced wireless settings.QoS Use this screen to configure Wi-Fi Multimedia Quality of Service (WMM QoS). WMM QoS allows you to prioritize wireless traffic according to the delivery requirements of individual services.WPS Use this screen to configure WPS.WPS Station Use this screen to add a wireless station using WPS.Scheduling Use this screen to schedule the times the Wireless LAN is enabled.WAN Internet Connection This screen allows you to configure ISP parameters, WAN IP address assignment, DNS servers and the WAN MAC address. Advanced Use this screen to configure other advanced properties.
Chapter 3 Introducing the Web ConfiguratorNBG-460N User’s Guide 43LAN IP Use this screen to configure LAN IP address and subnet mask.IP Alias Use this screen to partition your LAN interface into subnets.Advanced Use this screen to enable other advanced properties.DHCPServer General Use this screen to enable the NBG-460N’s DHCP server.Advanced Use this screen to assign IP addresses to specific individual computers based on their MAC addresses and to have DNS servers assigned by the DHCP server.Client List Use this screen to view current DHCP client information and to always assign an IP address to a MAC address (and host name). NAT General Use this screen to enable NAT.Application Use this screen to configure servers behind the NBG-460N.Advanced Use this screen to change your NBG-460N’s port triggering settings.DDNS General Use this screen to set up dynamic DNS.SecurityFirewall General Use this screen to activate/deactivate the firewall.Services This screen shows a summary of the firewall rules, and allows you to edit/add a firewall rule.Content Filter Filter Use this screen to block certain web features and sites containing certain keywords in the URL.Schedule Use this screen to set the days and times for the NBG-460N to perform content filtering.VPN General Use this screen to configure VPN connections and view the rule summary.SA Monitor Use this screen to display and manage active VPN connections.ManagementStatic Route IP Static Route Use this screen to configure IP static routes.Bandwidth MGMT General Use this screen to enable bandwidth management.Advanced Use this screen to set the upstream bandwidth and edit a bandwidth management rule.Monitor Use this screen to view the NBG-460N’s bandwidth usage and allotments.RemoteMGMT WWW Use this screen to configure through which interface(s) and from which IP address(es) users can use HTTP to manage the NBG-460N.Telnet Use this screen to configure through which interface(s) and from which IP address(es) users can use Telnet to manage the NBG-460N.FTP Use this screen to configure through which interface(s) and from which IP address(es) users can use FTP to access the NBG-460N.DNS Use this screen to configure through which interface(s) and from which IP address(es) users can send DNS queries to the NBG-460N.UPnP General Use this screen to enable UPnP on the NBG-460N. Table 5 Screens SummaryLINK TAB FUNCTION
Chapter 3 Introducing the Web ConfiguratorNBG-460N User’s Guide443.5.2 Summary: Any IP TableThis screen displays the IP address of each computer that is using the NBG-460N via the any IP feature. Any IP allows computers to access the Internet through the NBG-460N without changing their network settings when NAT is enabled. To access this screen, open the Statusscreen (see Section 3.5 on page 39), and click (Details...) next to Any IP Table.Figure 7 Any IP Table 3.5.3 Summary: Bandwidth Management Monitor Select the BW MGMT Monitor (Details...) hyperlink in Status screen. View the bandwidth usage of the WAN configured bandwidth rules. This is also shown as bandwidth usage over the bandwidth budget for each rule. The gray section of the bar represents the percentage of unused bandwidth and the blue color represents the percentage of bandwidth in use.MaintenanceSystem General Use this screen to view and change administrative settings such as system and domain names, password and inactivity timer.Time Setting Use this screen to change your NBG-460N’s time and date.Logs View Log Use this screen to view the logs for the categories that you selected.Log Settings Use this screen to change your NBG-460N’s log settings.Tools Firmware Use this screen to upload firmware to your NBG-460N.Configuration Use this screen to backup and restore the configuration or reset the factory defaults to your NBG-460N. Restart This screen allows you to reboot the NBG-460N without turning the power off.Wake On LAN Use this screen to remotely turn on a device on the network.Config Mode General This screen allows you to display or hide the advanced screens or features.Sys OP Mode General This screen allows you to select whether your device acts as a Router or a Access Point.Language This screen allows you to select the language you prefer.Table 5 Screens SummaryLINK TAB FUNCTION
Chapter 3 Introducing the Web ConfiguratorNBG-460N User’s Guide 45Figure 8 Summary: BW MGMT Monitor3.5.4 Summary: DHCP TableDHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol, RFC 2131 and RFC 2132) allows individual clients to obtain TCP/IP configuration at start-up from a server. You can configure the NBG-460N’s LAN as a DHCP server or disable it. When configured as a server, the NBG-460N provides the TCP/IP configuration for the clients. If DHCP service is disabled, you must have another DHCP server on that network, or else the computer must be manually configured.Click the DHCP Table (Details...) hyperlink in the Status screen. Read-only information here relates to your DHCP status. The DHCP table shows current DHCP client information (including IP Address,Host Name and MAC Address) of all network clients using the NBG-460N’s DHCP server.Figure 9 Summary: DHCP TableThe following table describes the labels in this screen.Table 6 Summary: DHCP TableLABEL DESCRIPTION# This is the index number of the host computer.IP Address This field displays the IP address relative to the # field listed above.Host Name This field displays the computer host name.MAC Address This field shows the MAC address of the computer with the name in the Host Name field.Every Ethernet device has a unique MAC (Media Access Control) address which uniquely identifies a device. The MAC address is assigned at the factory and consists of six pairs of hexadecimal characters, for example, 00:A0:C5:00:00:02.Refresh Click Refresh to renew the screen.
Chapter 3 Introducing the Web ConfiguratorNBG-460N User’s Guide463.5.5 Summary: Packet StatisticsClick the Packet Statistics (Details...) hyperlink in the Status screen. Read-only information here includes port status, packet specific statistics and the "system up time". The PollInterval(s) field is configurable and is used for refreshing the screen.Figure 10 Summary: Packet Statistics The following table describes the labels in this screen.Table 7 Summary: Packet StatisticsLABEL DESCRIPTIONPort This is the NBG-460N’s port type.Status For the LAN ports, this displays the port speed and duplex setting or Downwhen the line is disconnected.For the WAN port, it displays the port speed and duplex setting if you’re using Ethernet encapsulation and Idle (line (ppp) idle), Dial (starting to trigger a call) and Drop (dropping a call) if you're using PPPoE or PPTP encapsulation. This field displays Down when the line is disconnected.For the WLAN, it displays the maximum transmission rate when the WLAN is enabled and Down when the WLAN is disabled.TxPkts This is the number of transmitted packets on this port.RxPkts This is the number of received packets on this port.Collisions This is the number of collisions on this port.Tx B/s This displays the transmission speed in bytes per second on this port.Rx B/s This displays the reception speed in bytes per second on this port.Up Time This is the total amount of time the line has been up.System Up Time This is the total time the NBG-460N has been on.Poll Interval(s) Enter the time interval for refreshing statistics in this field.Set Interval Click this button to apply the new poll interval you entered in the Poll Interval(s)field.Stop Click Stop to stop refreshing statistics.
Chapter 3 Introducing the Web ConfiguratorNBG-460N User’s Guide 473.5.6 Summary: VPN MonitorClick the VPN Monitor (Details...) hyperlink in the Status screen. This screen displays read-only information about the active VPN connections. Click the Refresh button to update the screen. A Security Association (SA) is the group of security settings related to a specific VPN tunnel.Figure 11 Summary: VPN MonitorThe following table describes the labels in this screen.3.5.7 Summary: Wireless Station StatusClick the WLAN Station Status (Details...) hyperlink in the Status screen. View the wireless stations that are currently associated to the NBG-460N in the Association List. Association means that a wireless client (for example, your network or computer with a wireless network card) has connected successfully to the AP (or wireless router) using the same SSID, channel and security settings.Figure 12 Summary: Wireless Association ListTable 8 Summary: Wireless Association ListLABEL DESCRIPTION# This is the security association index number. Name This field displays the identification name for this VPN tunnel.Encapsulation This field displays Tunnel or Transport mode.IPSec Algorithm This field displays the security protocols used for an SA. Both AH and ESP increase NBG-460N processing requirements and communications latency (delay).Refresh Click this button to update the screen’s statistics immediately.
Chapter 3 Introducing the Web ConfiguratorNBG-460N User’s Guide48The following table describes the labels in this screen.Table 9 Summary: Wireless Association ListLABEL DESCRIPTION#This is the index number of an associated wireless station. MAC Address This field displays the MAC address of an associated wireless station.Association Time This field displays the time a wireless station first associated with the NBG-460N’s WLAN network.Refresh Click Refresh to reload the list.
NBG-460N User’s Guide 49CHAPTER 4 Connection WizardThis chapter provides information on the wizard setup screens in the web configurator.4.1 Wizard SetupThe web configurator’s wizard setup helps you configure your device to access the Internet. Refer to your ISP (Internet Service Provider) checklist in the Quick Start Guide to know what to enter in each field. Leave a field blank if you don’t have that information.1After you access the NBG-460N web configurator, click the Go to Wizard setuphyperlink.You can click the Go to Basic setup or Go to Advanced setup hyperlink to skip this wizard setup and configure basic or advanced features accordingly.Figure 13 Select Wizard or Advanced Mode2Choose a language by clicking on the language’s button. The screen will update. Click the Next button to proceed to the next screen.
Chapter 4 Connection WizardNBG-460N User’s Guide50Figure 14 Select a Language3Read the on-screen information and click Next.Figure 15 Welcome to the Connection Wizard4.2 Connection Wizard: STEP 1: System InformationSystem Information contains administrative and system-related information.4.2.1 System NameSystem Name is for identification purposes. However, because some ISPs check this name you should enter your computer's "Computer Name". • In Windows 95/98 click Start, Settings, Control Panel, Network. Click the Identification tab, note the entry for the Computer Name field and enter it as the SystemName.• In Windows 2000, click Start, Settings and Control Panel and then double-click System.Click the Network Identification tab and then the Properties button. Note the entry for the Computer name field and enter it as the System Name.• In Windows XP, click Start, My Computer, View system information and then click the Computer Name tab. Note the entry in the Full computer name field and enter it as the NBG-460N System Name.
Chapter 4 Connection WizardNBG-460N User’s Guide 514.2.2 Domain NameThe Domain Name entry is what is propagated to the DHCP clients on the LAN. If you leave this blank, the domain name obtained by DHCP from the ISP is used. While you must enter the host name (System Name) on each individual computer, the domain name can be assigned from the NBG-460N via DHCP.Click Next to configure the NBG-460N for Internet access.Figure 16 Wizard Step 1: System InformationThe following table describes the labels in this screen.4.3 Connection Wizard: STEP 2: Wireless LANSet up your wireless LAN using the following screen.Table 10 Wizard Step 1: System InformationLABEL DESCRIPTIONSystem Name System Name is a unique name to identify the NBG-460N in an Ethernet network. Enter a descriptive name. This name can be up to 30 alphanumeric characters long. Spaces are not allowed, but dashes "-" and underscores "_" are accepted. Domain Name Type the domain name (if you know it) here. If you leave this field blank, the ISP may assign a domain name via DHCP. The domain name entered by you is given priority over the ISP assigned domain name.Back Click Back to display the previous screen.Next Click Next to proceed to the next screen. Exit Click Exit to close the wizard screen without saving.
Chapter 4 Connection WizardNBG-460N User’s Guide52Figure 17 Wizard Step 2: Wireless LANThe following table describes the labels in this screen."The wireless stations and NBG-460N must use the same SSID, channel ID and WEP encryption key (if WEP is enabled), WPA-PSK (if WPA-PSK is enabled) or WPA2-PSK (if WPA2-PSK is enabled) for wireless communication.Table 11 Wizard Step 2: Wireless LANLABEL DESCRIPTIONName (SSID) Enter a descriptive name (up to 32 printable 7-bit ASCII characters) for the wireless LAN.If you change this field on the NBG-460N, make sure all wireless stations use the same SSID in order to access the network. Security Select a Security level from the drop-down list box.Choose Auto (WPA2-PSK) to have the NBG-460N generate a pre-shared key automatically. After you click Next a screen pops up displaying the generated pre-shared key. Write down the key for use later when connecting other wireless devices to your network. Click OK to continue. Choose None to have no wireless LAN security configured. If you do not enable any wireless security on your NBG-460N, your network is accessible to any wireless networking device that is within range. If you choose this option, skip directly to Section 4.4 on page 54.Choose Basic (WEP) security if you want to configure WEP Encryption parameters. If you choose this option, go directly to Section 4.3.1 on page 53. This option is only available if WPS is not enabled.Choose Extend (WPA-PSK or WPA2-PSK) security to configure a Pre-Shared Key. Choose this option only if your wireless clients support WPA-PSK or WPA2-PSK respectively. If you choose this option, skip directly to Section 4.3.2 on page 54.Channel Selection The range of radio frequencies used by IEEE 802.11b/g/n wireless devices is called a channel. The device will automatically select the channel with the least interference.Back Click Back to display the previous screen.Next Click Next to proceed to the next screen. Exit Click Exit to close the wizard screen without saving.
Chapter 4 Connection WizardNBG-460N User’s Guide 534.3.1 Basic (WEP) SecurityChoose Basic (WEP) to setup WEP Encryption parameters.Figure 18 Wizard Step 2: Basic (WEP) SecurityThe following table describes the labels in this screen.Table 12 Wizard Step 2: Basic (WEP) SecurityLABEL DESCRIPTIONPassphrase Type a Passphrase (up to 32 printable characters) and click Generate. The NBG-460N automatically generates a WEP key.WEPEncryption Select 64-bit WEP or 128-bit WEP to allow data encryption.ASCII Select this option in order to enter ASCII characters as the WEP keys. HEX Select this option to enter hexadecimal characters as the WEP keys.The preceding “0x” is entered automatically. Key 1 to Key 4 The WEP keys are used to encrypt data. Both the NBG-460N and the wireless stations must use the same WEP key for data transmission.If you chose 64-bit WEP, then enter any 5 ASCII characters or 10 hexadecimal characters ("0-9", "A-F").If you chose 128-bit WEP, then enter 13 ASCII characters or 26 hexadecimal characters ("0-9", "A-F"). You must configure at least one key, only one key can be activated at any one time. The default key is key 1.Back Click Back to display the previous screen.
Chapter 4 Connection WizardNBG-460N User’s Guide544.3.2 Extend (WPA-PSK or WPA2-PSK) SecurityChoose Extend (WPA-PSK) or Extend (WPA2-PSK) security in the Wireless LAN setup screen to set up a Pre-Shared Key.Figure 19 Wizard Step 2: Extend (WPA-PSK or WPA2-PSK) SecurityThe following table describes the labels in this screen. 4.4 Connection Wizard: STEP 3: Internet ConfigurationThe NBG-460N offers three Internet connection types. They are Ethernet,PPP over Ethernet or PPTP. The wizard attempts to detect which WAN connection type you are using. If the wizard does not detect a connection type, you must select one from the drop-down list box. Check with your ISP to make sure you use the correct type.This wizard screen varies according to the connection type that you select.Next Click Next to proceed to the next screen. Exit Click Exit to close the wizard screen without saving.Table 12 Wizard Step 2: Basic (WEP) SecurityLABEL DESCRIPTIONTable 13 Wizard Step 2: Extend (WPA-PSK or WPA2-PSK) SecurityLABEL DESCRIPTIONPre-Shared Key Type from 8 to 63 case-sensitive ASCII characters. You can set up the most secure wireless connection by configuring WPA in the wireless LAN screens. You need to configure an authentication server to do this.Back Click Back to display the previous screen.Next Click Next to proceed to the next screen. Exit Click Exit to close the wizard screen without saving.
Chapter 4 Connection WizardNBG-460N User’s Guide 55Figure 20 Wizard Step 3: ISP Parameters.The following table describes the labels in this screen,4.4.1 Ethernet ConnectionChoose Ethernet when the WAN port is used as a regular Ethernet. Continue to Section 4.4.4 on page 58.Figure 21 Wizard Step 3: Ethernet Connection4.4.2 PPPoE ConnectionPoint-to-Point Protocol over Ethernet (PPPoE) functions as a dial-up connection. PPPoE is an IETF (Internet Engineering Task Force) standard specifying how a host personal computer interacts with a broadband modem (for example DSL, cable, wireless, etc.) to achieve access to high-speed data networks.For the service provider, PPPoE offers an access and authentication method that works with existing access control systems (for instance, RADIUS). Table 14 Wizard Step 3: ISP ParametersCONNECTION TYPE DESCRIPTIONEthernet Select the Ethernet option when the WAN port is used as a regular Ethernet. PPPoE Select the PPP over Ethernet option for a dial-up connection. If your ISP gave you an IP address and/or subnet mask, then select PPTP.PPTP Select the PPTP option for a dial-up connection.
Chapter 4 Connection WizardNBG-460N User’s Guide56One of the benefits of PPPoE is the ability to let end users access one of multiple network services, a function known as dynamic service selection. This enables the service provider to easily create and offer new IP services for specific users.Operationally, PPPoE saves significant effort for both the subscriber and the ISP/carrier, as it requires no specific configuration of the broadband modem at the subscriber’s site.By implementing PPPoE directly on the NBG-460N (rather than individual computers), the computers on the LAN do not need PPPoE software installed, since the NBG-460N does that part of the task. Furthermore, with NAT, all of the LAN's computers will have Internet access.Refer to the appendix for more information on PPPoE.Figure 22 Wizard Step 3: PPPoE ConnectionThe following table describes the labels in this screen.4.4.3 PPTP ConnectionPoint-to-Point Tunneling Protocol (PPTP) is a network protocol that enables transfers of data from a remote client to a private server, creating a Virtual Private Network (VPN) using TCP/IP-based networks.PPTP supports on-demand, multi-protocol, and virtual private networking over public networks, such as the Internet.Refer to the appendix for more information on PPTP.Table 15 Wizard Step 3: PPPoE ConnectionLABEL DESCRIPTIONISP Parameter for Internet AccessConnection Type Select the PPP over Ethernet option for a dial-up connection.Service Name Type the name of your service provider.User Name Type the user name given to you by your ISP. Password Type the password associated with the user name above.Back Click Back to return to the previous screen. Next Click Next to continue. Exit Click Exit to close the wizard screen without saving.
Chapter 4 Connection WizardNBG-460N User’s Guide 57"The NBG-460N supports one PPTP server connection at any given time.Figure 23 Wizard Step 3: PPTP ConnectionThe following table describes the fields in this screenTable 16 Wizard Step 3: PPTP ConnectionLABEL DESCRIPTIONISP Parameters for Internet AccessConnection Type Select PPTP from the drop-down list box. To configure a PPTP client, you must configure the User Name and Password fields for a PPP connection and the PPTP parameters for a PPTP connection.User Name Type the user name given to you by your ISP. Password Type the password associated with the User Name above.PPTP ConfigurationServer IP Address Type the IP address of the PPTP server.Connection ID/Name Enter the connection ID or connection name in this field. It must follow the "c:id" and "n:name" format. For example, C:12 or N:My ISP.This field is optional and depends on the requirements of your ISP.Get automatically from ISP Select this radio button if your ISP did not assign you a fixed IP address.Use fixed IP address Select this radio button, provided by your ISP to give the NBG-460N a fixed, unique IP address.My IP Address Type the (static) IP address assigned to you by your ISP.My IP Subnet Mask Type the subnet mask assigned to you by your ISP (if given).Back Click Back to return to the previous screen.
Chapter 4 Connection WizardNBG-460N User’s Guide584.4.4 Your IP AddressThe following wizard screen allows you to assign a fixed IP address or give the NBG-460N an automatically assigned IP address depending on your ISP.Figure 24 Wizard Step 3: Your IP AddressThe following table describes the labels in this screen4.4.5 WAN IP Address AssignmentEvery computer on the Internet must have a unique IP address. If your networks are isolated from the Internet, for instance, only between your two branch offices, you can assign any IP addresses to the hosts without problems. However, the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) has reserved the following three blocks of IP addresses specifically for private networks.Next Click Next to continue. Exit Click Exit to close the wizard screen without saving.Table 16 Wizard Step 3: PPTP ConnectionLABEL DESCRIPTIONTable 17 Wizard Step 3: Your IP AddressLABEL DESCRIPTIONGet automatically from your ISP Select this option If your ISP did not assign you a fixed IP address. This is the default selection. If you choose this option, skip directly to Section4.4.9 on page 61.Use fixed IP address provided by your ISP Select this option if you were given IP address and/or DNS server settings by the ISP. The fixed IP address should be in the same subnet as your broadband modem or router. Back Click Back to return to the previous screen.Next Click Next to continue. Exit Click Exit to close the wizard screen without saving.Table 18 Private IP Address Ranges10.0.0.0 -10.255.255.255172.16.0.0 -172.31.255.255192.168.0.0 -192.168.255.255
Chapter 4 Connection WizardNBG-460N User’s Guide 59You can obtain your IP address from the IANA, from an ISP or have it assigned by a private network. If you belong to a small organization and your Internet access is through an ISP, the ISP can provide you with the Internet addresses for your local networks. On the other hand, if you are part of a much larger organization, you should consult your network administrator for the appropriate IP addresses."Regardless of your particular situation, do not create an arbitrary IP address; always follow the guidelines above. For more information on address assignment, please refer to RFC 1597, Address Allocation for Private Internets and RFC 1466, Guidelines for Management of IP Address Space.4.4.6 IP Address and Subnet MaskSimilar to the way houses on a street share a common street name, so too do computers on a LAN share one common network number.Where you obtain your network number depends on your particular situation. If the ISP or your network administrator assigns you a block of registered IP addresses, follow their instructions in selecting the IP addresses and the subnet mask.If the ISP did not explicitly give you an IP network number, then most likely you have a single user account and the ISP will assign you a dynamic IP address when the connection is established. The Internet Assigned Number Authority (IANA) reserved this block of addresses specifically for private use; please do not use any other number unless you are told otherwise. Let's say you select 192.168.1.0 as the network number; which covers 254 individual addresses, from 192.168.1.1 to 192.168.1.254 (zero and 255 are reserved). In other words, the first three numbers specify the network number while the last number identifies an individual computer on that network.Once you have decided on the network number, pick an IP address that is easy to remember, for instance, 192.168.1.1, for your NBG-460N, but make sure that no other device on your network is using that IP address.The subnet mask specifies the network number portion of an IP address. Your NBG-460N will compute the subnet mask automatically based on the IP address that you entered. You don't need to change the subnet mask computed by the NBG-460N unless you are instructed to do otherwise.4.4.7 DNS Server Address AssignmentUse DNS (Domain Name System) to map a domain name to its corresponding IP address and vice versa, for instance, the IP address of www.zyxel.com is 204.217.0.2. The DNS server is extremely important because without it, you must know the IP address of a computer before you can access it. The NBG-460N can get the DNS server addresses in the following ways.1The ISP tells you the DNS server addresses, usually in the form of an information sheet, when you sign up. If your ISP gives you DNS server addresses, enter them in the DNSServer fields in the Wizard and/or WAN > Internet Connection screen.
Chapter 4 Connection WizardNBG-460N User’s Guide602If the ISP did not give you DNS server information, leave the DNS Server fields set to 0.0.0.0 in the Wizard screen and/or set to From ISP in the WAN > Internet Connection screen for the ISP to dynamically assign the DNS server IP addresses.4.4.8 WAN IP and DNS Server Address AssignmentThe following wizard screen allows you to assign a fixed WAN IP address and DNS server addresses. Figure 25 Wizard Step 3: WAN IP and DNS Server AddressesThe following table describes the labels in this screenTable 19 Wizard Step 3: WAN IP and DNS Server AddressesLABEL DESCRIPTIONWAN IP Address Assignment My WAN IP Address Enter your WAN IP address in this field. The WAN IP address should be in the same subnet as your DSL/Cable modem or router.My WAN IP Subnet Mask Enter the IP subnet mask in this field.Gateway IP Address Enter the gateway IP address in this field. System DNS Server Address Assignment (if applicable)DNS (Domain Name System) is for mapping a domain name to its corresponding IP address and vice versa. The DNS server is extremely important because without it, you must know the IP address of a computer before you can access it. The NBG-460N uses a system DNS server (in the order you specify here) to resolve domain names for DDNS and the time server.First DNS ServerSecond DNS Server Third DNS Server Enter the DNS server's IP address in the fields provided.If you do not configure a system DNS server, you must use IP addresses when configuring DDNS and the time server.Back Click Back to return to the previous screen.Next Click Next to continue. Exit Click Exit to close the wizard screen without saving.
Chapter 4 Connection WizardNBG-460N User’s Guide 614.4.9 WAN MAC AddressEvery Ethernet device has a unique MAC (Media Access Control) address. The MAC address is assigned at the factory and consists of six pairs of hexadecimal characters, for example, 00:A0:C5:00:00:02.This screen allows users to configure the WAN port's MAC address by either using the NBG-460N’s MAC address, copying the MAC address from a computer on your LAN or manually entering a MAC address. Once it is successfully configured, the address will be copied to the "rom" file (ZyNOS configuration file). It will not change unless you change the setting or upload a different "rom" file. It is advisable to clone the MAC address from a computer on your LAN even if your ISP does not presently require MAC address authentication.Figure 26 Wizard Step 3: WAN MAC AddressThe following table describes the fields in this screen.Table 20 Example of Network Properties for LAN Servers with Fixed IP AddressesChoose an IP address 192.168.1.2-192.168.1.32; 192.168.1.65-192.168.1.254.Subnet mask 255.255.255.0Gateway (or default route) 192.168.1.1(NBG-460N LAN IP)Table 21 Wizard Step 3: WAN MAC AddressLABEL DESCRIPTIONFactory Default Select Factory Default to use the factory assigned default MAC address.Clone the computer’s MAC addressSelect this option and enter the IP address of the computer on the LAN whose MAC you are cloning. It is advisable to clone the MAC address from a computer on your LAN even if your ISP does not presently require MAC address authentication. Set WAN MAC Address Select this option and enter the MAC address you want to use.Back Click Back to return to the previous screen.Next Click Next to continue. Exit Click Exit to close the wizard screen without saving.
Chapter 4 Connection WizardNBG-460N User’s Guide624.5 Connection Wizard: STEP 4: Bandwidth managementBandwidth management allows you to control the amount of bandwidth going out through the NBG-460N’s WAN, LAN or WLAN port and prioritize the distribution of the bandwidth according to the traffic type. This helps keep one service from using all of the available bandwidth and shutting out other users.Figure 27 Wizard Step 4: Bandwidth Management The following fields describe the label in this screen.4.6 Connection Wizard CompleteClick Apply to save your configuration.Table 22 Wizard Step 4: Bandwidth ManagementLABEL DESCRIPTIONEnable BM for all traffic automatically Select the check box to have the NBG-460N apply bandwidth management to traffic going out through the NBG-460N’s WAN, LAN, HomePlug AV or WLAN port. Bandwidth is allocated according to the traffic type automatically. Real-time packets, such as VoIP traffic always get higher priority.Back Click Back to return to the previous screen.Next Click Next to continue. Exit Click Exit to close the wizard screen without saving.
Chapter 4 Connection WizardNBG-460N User’s Guide 63Figure 28 Connection Wizard Save Follow the on-screen instructions and click Finish to complete the wizard setup.Figure 29 Connection Wizard CompleteWell done! You have successfully set up your NBG-460N to operate on your network and access the Internet.
Chapter 4 Connection WizardNBG-460N User’s Guide64
NBG-460N User’s Guide 65CHAPTER 5 AP ModeThis chapter discusses how to configure settings while your NBG-460N is set to AP Mode.Many screens that are available in Router Mode are not available in AP Mode."See Chapter 6 on page 73 for an example of setting up a wireless network in AP mode. 5.1 AP Mode OverviewUse your NBG-460N as an AP if you already have a router or gateway on your network. In this mode your device bridges a wired network (LAN) and wireless LAN (WLAN) in the same subnet. See the figure below for an example.Figure 30 Wireless Internet Access in AP Mode 5.2 Setting your NBG-460N to AP Mode1Log into the web configurator if you haven’t already. See the Quick start Guide for instructions on how to do this.2To set your NBG-460N to AP Mode, go to Maintenance > Sys OP Mode > General and select Access Point.AB
Chapter 5 AP ModeNBG-460N User’s Guide66Figure 31 Maintenance > Sys OP Mode > General3A pop-up appears providing information on this mode. Click OK in the pop-up message window. (See Section 24.2 on page 260 for more information on the pop-up.) Click Apply. Your NBG-460N is now in AP Mode."You do not have to log in again or restart your device when you change modes.5.3 The Status Screen in AP ModeClick on Status. The screen below shows the status screen in AP Mode.Figure 32 Status: AP Mode
Chapter 5 AP ModeNBG-460N User’s Guide 67The following table describes the labels shown in the Status screen.Table 23 Web Configurator Status ScreenLABEL DESCRIPTIONDevice InformationSystem Name This is the System Name you enter in the Maintenance > System > Generalscreen. It is for identification purposes.Firmware Version This is the firmware version and the date created. LAN Information- MAC Address This shows the LAN Ethernet adapter MAC Address of your device.- IP Address This shows the LAN port’s IP address.- IP Subnet Mask This shows the LAN port’s subnet mask.- DHCP This shows the LAN port’s DHCP role - Client or None.WLAN Information- MAC Address This shows the wireless adapter MAC Address of your device.- Status This shows the current status of the Wireless LAN - On,Off or Off by scheduler.- Name (SSID) This shows a descriptive name used to identify the NBG-460N in the wireless LAN. - Channel This shows the channel number which you select manually.- Operating Channel This shows the channel number which the NBG-460N is currently using over the wireless LAN. - Security Mode This shows the level of wireless security the NBG-460N is using.- 802.11 Mode This shows the IEEE 802.11 standard that the NBG-460N supports. Wireless clients must support the same standard in order to be able to connect to the NBG-460N- WPS This shows the WPS (WiFi Protected Setup) Status. Click the status to display Network > Wireless LAN > WPS screen.System StatusSystem Uptime This is the total time the NBG-460N has been on.Current Date/Time This field displays your NBG-460N’s present date and time.System Resource- CPU Usage This displays what percentage of the NBG-460N’s processing ability is currently used. When this percentage is close to 100%, the NBG-460N is running at full load, and the throughput is not going to improve anymore. If you want some applications to have more throughput, you should turn off other applications (for example, using bandwidth management).- Memory Usage This shows what percentage of the heap memory the NBG-460N is using. Heap memory refers to the memory that is not used by ZyNOS (ZyXEL Network Operating System) and is thus available for running processes like NAT and the firewall. System Setting- Configuration Mode This shows whether the advanced screens of each feature are turned on (Advanced) or not (Basic).Interface StatusInterface This displays the NBG-460N port types. The port types are: LAN and WLAN.Status For the LAN port, this field displays Down (line is down) or Up (line is up or connected).For the WLAN, it displays Up when the WLAN is enabled or Down when the WLAN is disabled.
Chapter 5 AP ModeNBG-460N User’s Guide685.3.1 Navigation PanelUse the menu in the navigation panel to configure NBG-460N features in AP Mode.The following screen and table show the features you can configure in AP Mode.Figure 33 Menu: AP ModeThe following table describes the sub-menus.Rate For the LAN ports, this displays the port speed and duplex setting or N/A when the line is disconnected.For the WLAN, it displays the maximum transmission rate when the WLAN is enabled and N/A when the WLAN is disabled.SummaryPacket Statistics Use this screen to view port status and packet specific statistics.WLAN Station Status Use this screen to view the wireless stations that are currently associated to the NBG-460N.Table 23 Web Configurator Status Screen (continued)LABEL DESCRIPTIONTable 24 Screens SummaryLINK TAB FUNCTIONStatus This screen shows the NBG-460N’s general device, system and interface status information. Use this screen to access the wizard, and summary statistics tables.Network
Chapter 5 AP ModeNBG-460N User’s Guide 695.4 Configuring Your Settings5.4.1 LAN SettingsUse this section to configure your LAN settings while in AP Mode.Click Network > LAN to see the screen below.WirelessLAN General Use this screen to configure wireless LAN.MAC Filter Use the MAC filter screen to configure the NBG-460N to block access to devices or block the devices from accessing the NBG-460N.Advanced This screen allows you to configure advanced wireless settings.QoS Use this screen to configure Wi-Fi Multimedia Quality of Service (WMM QoS). WMM QoS allows you to prioritize wireless traffic according to the delivery requirements of individual services.WPS Use this screen to configure WPS.WPS Station Use this screen to add a wireless station using WPS.Scheduling Use this screen to schedule the times the Wireless LAN is enabled.LAN IP Use this screen to configure LAN IP address and subnet mask or to get the LAN IP address from a DHCP server.MaintenanceSystem General Use this screen to view and change administrative settings such as system and domain names, password and inactivity timer.Time Setting Use this screen to change your NBG-460N’s time and date.Logs View Log Use this screen to view the logs for the categories that you selected.Log Settings Use this screen to change your NBG-460N’s log settings.Tools Firmware Use this screen to upload firmware to your NBG-460N.Configuration Use this screen to backup and restore the configuration or reset the factory defaults to your NBG-460N. Restart This screen allows you to reboot the NBG-460N without turning the power off.Wake On LAN Use this screen to remotely turn on a device on the network.Config Mode General This screen allows you to display or hide the advanced screens or features.Sys OP Mode General This screen allows you to select whether your device acts as a Router or a Access Point.Language This screen allows you to select the language you prefer.Table 24 Screens SummaryLINK TAB FUNCTION
Chapter 5 AP ModeNBG-460N User’s Guide70"If you change the IP address of the NBG-460N in the screen below, you will need to log into the NBG-460N again using the new IP address.Figure 34 Network > LAN > IP The table below describes the labels in the screen.Table 25 Network > LAN > IPLABEL DESCRIPTIONGet from DHCP Server Select this option to allow the NBG-460N to obtain an IP address from a DHCP server on the network. You must connect the WAN port to a device with a DHCP server enabled (such as a router or gateway). Without a DHCP server the NBG-460N will have no IP address. You need to find out the IP address the DHCP server assigns to the NBG-460N and use that address to log in to the NBG-460N again. User Defined LAN IP Select this option to set the NBG-460N’s IP address. This setting is selected by default. Check the IP address is on the same domain as other devices on your network.IP Address Type the IP address in dotted decimal notation. The default setting is 192.168.1.1. If you change the IP address you will have to log in again with the new IP address. IP Subnet Mask The subnet mask specifies the network number portion of an IP address. Your NBG-460N will automatically calculate the subnet mask based on the IP address that you assign. Unless you are implementing subnetting, use the subnet mask computed by the NBG-460N.Gateway IP Address Type the IP address of the gateway. The gateway is an immediate neighbor of your NBG-460N that will forward the packet to the destination. In AP Mode, the gateway must be a router on the same segment as your NBG-460N.DNS ServersFirst DNS ServerSecond DNS ServerThird DNS Server Select From ISP if your ISP dynamically assigns DNS server information. The field to the right displays the (read-only) DNS server IP address that the ISP assigns.Select User-Defined if you have the IP address of a DNS server. Enter the DNS server's IP address in the field to the right. If you chose User-Defined, but leave the IP address set to 0.0.0.0, User-Defined changes to None after you click Apply. If you set a second choice to User-Defined, and enter the same IP address, the second User-Defined changes to None after you click Apply.Select None if you do not want to configure DNS servers. If you do not configure a DNS server, you must know the IP address of a computer in order to access it.
Chapter 5 AP ModeNBG-460N User’s Guide 715.4.2 WLAN and Maintenance SettingsThe configuration of wireless and maintenance settings in AP Mode is the same as for RouterMode.• See Chapter 5 on page 69 for information on the configuring your wireless network.• See Maintenance and Troubleshooting (227) for information on the configuring your Maintenance settings. 5.5 Logging in to the Web Configurator in AP Mode1Connect your computer to the LAN port of the NBG-460N. 2The default IP address if the NBG-460N is “192.168.1.1”. In this case, your computer must have an IP address in the range between “192.168.1.2” and “192.168.1.255”.3Click Start > Run on your computer in Windows. 4Type “cmd” in the dialog box.5Type “ipconfig” to show your computer’s IP address. If your computer’s IP address is not in the correct range then see Appendix D on page 293 for information on changing your computer’s IP address.6After you’ve set your computer’s IP address, open a web browser such as Internet Explorer and type “192.168.1.1” as the web address in your web browser.See Chapter 6 on page 73 for a tutorial on setting up a network with an AP.Apply Click Apply to save your changes to the NBG-460N.Reset Click Reset to reload the previous configuration for this screen.LABEL DESCRIPTION
Chapter 5 AP ModeNBG-460N User’s Guide72
NBG-460N User’s Guide 73CHAPTER 6 Tutorials6.1 Wireless Tutorials6.1.1 How to Connect to the Internet from an APThis section gives you an example of how to set up an access point (AP) and wireless client (a notebook (B), in this example) for wireless communication. B can access the Internet through the AP wirelessly.Figure 35 Wireless AP Connection to the Internet6.1.2 Configure Wireless Security Using WPS on both your NBG-460N and Wireless ClientThis section gives you an example of how to set up wireless network using WPS. This example uses the NBG-460N as the AP and NWD210N as the wireless client which connects to a notebook. "The wireless client must be a WPS-aware device (for example, a WPS USB adapter or PCI card).There are two WPS methods for creating a secure connection. This tutorial shows you how to do both.•Push Button Configuration (PBC) - create a secure wireless network simply by pressing a button. See Section 6.1.2.1 on page 74.This is the easier method.•PIN Configuration - create a secure wireless network simply by entering a wireless client's PIN (Personal Identification Number) in the NBG-460N’s interface. See Section 6.1.2.2 on page 75. This is the more secure method, since one device can authenticate the other.BAPInternet
Chapter 6 TutorialsNBG-460N User’s Guide746.1.2.1 Push Button Configuration (PBC)1Make sure that your NBG-460N is turned on and that it is within range of your computer.2Make sure that you have installed the wireless client (this example uses the NWD210N) driver and utility in your notebook.3In the wireless client utility, find the WPS settings. Enable WPS and press the WPS button (Start or WPS button)4Log into NBG-460N’s web configurator and press the Push Button button in the Network > Wireless Client >WPS Station screen. "Your NBG-460N has a WPS button located on its panel, as well as a WPS button in its configuration utility. Both buttons have exactly the same function; you can use one or the other."It doesn’t matter which button is pressed first. You must press the second button within two minutes of pressing the first one. The NBG-460N sends the proper configuration settings to the wireless client. This may take up to two minutes. Then the wireless client is able to communicate with the NBG-460N securely. The following figure shows you an example to set up wireless network and security by pressing a button on both NBG-460N and wireless client (the NWD210N in this example).
Chapter 6 TutorialsNBG-460N User’s Guide 75Figure 36 Example WPS Process: PBC Method6.1.2.2 PIN ConfigurationWhen you use the PIN configuration method, you need to use both NBG-460N’s configuration interface and the client’s utilities.1Launch your wireless client’s configuration utility. Go to the WPS settings and select the PIN method to get a PIN number.2Enter the PIN number to the PIN field in the Network > Wireless LAN >WPS Stationscreen on the NBG-460N.3Click Start buttons (or button next to the PIN field) on both the wireless client utility screen and the NBG-460N’s WPS Station screen within two minutes.The NBG-460N authenticates the wireless client and sends the proper configuration settings to the wireless client. This may take up to two minutes. Then the wireless client is able to communicate with the NBG-460N securely. The following figure shows you the example to set up wireless network and security on NBG-460N and wireless client (ex. NWD210N in this example) by using PIN method. Wireless Client NBG-460NSECURITY INFOCOMMUNICATIONWITHIN 2 MINUTES
Chapter 6 TutorialsNBG-460N User’s Guide76Figure 37 Example WPS Process: PIN Method6.1.3 Enable and Configure Wireless Security without WPS on your NBG-460NThis example shows you how to configure wireless security settings with the following parameters on your NBG-460N.Authentication by PINSECURITY INFOWITHIN 2 MINUTESWireless ClientNBG-460NCOMMUNICATIONSSID SSID_Example3
Chapter 6 TutorialsNBG-460N User’s Guide 77Follow the steps below to configure the wireless settings on your NBG-460N.The instructions require that your hardware is connected (see the Quick Start Guide) and you are logged into the web configurator through your LAN connection (see Section 3.2 on page 37).1Open the Wireless LAN > General screen in the AP’s web configurator.2Make sure the Enable Wireless LAN check box is selected.3Enter SSID_Example3 as the SSID and select a channel.4Set security mode to WPA-PSK and enter ThisismyWPA-PSKpre-sharedkey in the Pre-Shared Key field. Click Apply.Figure 38 Network > Wireless LAN > General5Open the Status screen. Verify your wireless and wireless security settings under DeviceInformation and check if the WLAN connection is up under Interface Status.Channel 6Security WPA-PSK(Pre-Shared Key: ThisismyWPA-PSKpre-sharedkey)
Chapter 6 TutorialsNBG-460N User’s Guide78Figure 39 Status: AP Mode6.1.4 Configure Your Notebook"We use the ZyXEL M-302 wireless adapter utility screens as an example for the wireless client. The screens may vary for different models.1The NBG-460N supports IEEE 802.11b, IEEE 802.11g and IEEE 802.11n wireless clients. Make sure that your notebook or computer’s wireless adapter supports one of these standards.2Wireless adapters come with software sometimes called a “utility” that you install on your computer. See your wireless adapter’s User’s Guide for information on how to do that.3After you’ve installed the utility, open it. If you cannot see your utility’s icon on your screen, go to Start > Programs and click on your utility in the list of programs that appears. The utility displays a list of APs within range, as shown in the example screen below.4Select SSID_Example3 and click Connect.
Chapter 6 TutorialsNBG-460N User’s Guide 79Figure 40 Connecting a Wireless Client to a Wireless Network t5Select WPA-PSK and type the security key in the following screen. Click Next.Figure 41 Security Settings 6The Confirm Save window appears. Check your settings and click Save to continue.Figure 42 Confirm Save7Check the status of your wireless connection in the screen below. If your wireless connection is weak or you have no connection, see the Troubleshooting section of this User’s Guide.
Chapter 6 TutorialsNBG-460N User’s Guide80Figure 43 Link Status 8If your connection is successful, open your Internet browser and enter http://www.zyxel.com or the URL of any other web site in the address bar. If you are able to access the web site, your wireless connection is successfully configured.6.2 Site-To-Site VPN Tunnel TutorialBob and Jack want to setup a VPN connection between their offices. Bob and Jack each have a NBG-460N router and a static WAN IP address. This tutorial covers how to configure their NBG-460Ns to create a secure connection.Figure 44 Site-To-Site VPN TunnelThe following table describes the VPN settings that must be configured on Bob and Jack’s NBG-460N routers.Table 26 Site-To-Site VPN Tunnel Settings SETTING BOB’S NBG-460N JACK’S NBG-460NActive YES YESIPSec Keying Mode IKE IKELocal Address 192.168.1.35 10.0.0.7Local Address End /Mask 192.168.1.35 10.0.0.7Remote Address 10.0.0.7 192.168.1.35Remote Address End /Mask 10.0.0.7 192.168.1.35My IP Address 1.1.1.1 2.2.2.2192.168.1.35 10.0.0.7BOB JACK1.1.1.1 2.2.2.2
Chapter 6 TutorialsNBG-460N User’s Guide 816.2.1 Configuring Bob’s NBG-460N VPN SettingsTo configure these settings Bob uses the NBG-460N web configurator.1Log into the NBG-460N web configurator and click VPN > Modify icon. This displays the VPN Rule Setup (basic) screen.2Select the Active checkbox to enable the VPN rule after it has been created. Make sure IKE is selected as the IPSec Keying Mode.Figure 45 Property3Enter the IP address “192.168.1.35” in the Local Address text box. This is the IP address of Bob’s computer. Enter the IP address “192.168.1.35” in the Local Address End/Mask text box. This value is the same as Bob only wants Jack to access this single IP address.Figure 46 Local Policy4Enter the IP address “10.0.0.7” in the Remote Address Start text box. This is the IP address of Jack’s computer. Enter the IP address “10.0.0.7” in the Remote Address Local ID Type IP IPLocal Content 1.1.1.1 2.2.2.2Secure Gateway Address 2.2.2.2 1.1.1.1Peer ID Type IP IPPeer Content 2.2.2.2 1.1.1.1Encapsulation Mode Tunnel TunnelIPSec Protocol ESP ESPPre-Shared Key ThisIsMySecretKey ThisIsMySecretKeyEncryption Algorithm 3DES 3DESAuthentication Algorithm SHA1 SHA1Table 26 Site-To-Site VPN Tunnel Settings (continued)SETTING BOB’S NBG-460N JACK’S NBG-460N
Chapter 6 TutorialsNBG-460N User’s Guide82End/Mask text box. This value is the same as Jack only wants Bob to access this single IP address.Figure 47 Remote Policy5Enter the IP address “1.1.1.1” in the My IP Address text box. This is Bob’s WAN IP address.6Select IP as the Local ID Type. This is the type of content that will be used to identify Bob’s NBG-460N. Enter the IP address “1.1.1.1” in the Local Content text box. This identifies Bob’s NBG-460N to Jack’s NBG-460N.7Enter the IP address “2.2.2.2” in the Secure Gateway Address text box. This is Jack’s WAN IP address.8Select IP as the Peer ID Type. This is Jack’s Local ID Type. Enter “2.2.2.2” in the Peer Content text box. This is Jack’s Local Content WAN IP address.Figure 48 Authentication Method9Select Tunnel as the Encapsulation Mode and ESP as the IPSec Protocol.10 Enter “ThisIsMySecretKey” as the Pre-Shared Key. This is the password for the VPN tunnel that only Bob and Jack know.11 Select 3DES as the encyption algorithm. Select the authentication algorithm as SHA1.These algorithms are more secure.Figure 49 IPSec Algorithm12 Click Apply to save the new rule and click VPN to return to the VPN Summary screen. The new VPN rule is displayed as shown below.
Chapter 6 TutorialsNBG-460N User’s Guide 83Figure 50 VPN Summary6.2.2 Configuring Jack’s NBG-460N VPN SettingsTo configure these settings Jack uses the NBG-460N web configurator.1Log into the NBG-460N web configurator and click VPN > Modify icon. This displays the VPN Rule Setup (basic) screen.2Select the Active checkbox to enable the VPN rule after it has been created. Make sure IKE is selected as the IPSec Keying Mode.Figure 51 Property3Enter the IP address “10.0.0.7” in the Local Address text box. This is the IP address of Jack’s computer. Enter the IP address “10.0.0.7” in the Local Address End/Mask text box. This value is the same as Jack only wants Bob to access this single IP address.Figure 52 Local Policy4Enter the IP address “192.168.1.35” in the Remote Address Start text box. This is the IP address of Jack’s computer. Enter the IP address “192.168.1.35” in the Remote Address End/Mask text box. This value is the same as Bob only wants Jack to access this single IP address.Figure 53 Remote Policy5Enter the IP address “2.2.2.2” in the My IP Address text box. This is Jack’s WAN IP address.
Chapter 6 TutorialsNBG-460N User’s Guide846Select IP as the Local ID Type. This is the type of content that will be used to identify Jack’s NBG-460N. Enter the IP address “2.2.2.2” in the Local Content text box. This identifies Jack’s NBG-460N to Bob’s NBG-460N.7Enter the IP address “1.1.1.1” in the Secure Gateway Address text box. This is Bob’s WAN IP address.8Select IP as the Peer ID Type. This is Bob’s Local ID Type. Enter “1.1.1.1” in the PeerContent text box. This is Bob’s Local Content WAN IP address.Figure 54 Authentication Method9Select Tunnel as the Encapsulation Mode and ESP as the IPSec Protocol.10 Enter “ThisIsMySecretKey” as the Pre-Shared Key. This is the password for the VPN tunnel that only Bob and Jack know.11 Select 3DES as the encyption algorithm. Select the authentication algorithm as SHA1.These algorithms are more secure.Figure 55 IPSec Algorithm12 Click Apply to save the new rule and click VPN in the web configurator menu to return to the VPN Summary screen. The new VPN rule is displayed as shown below.Figure 56 VPN Summary6.2.3 Checking the VPN ConnectionCheck if the VPN connection is working by pinging the computer on the other side of the VPN connection. In the example below Bob is pinging Jack’s computer.
Chapter 6 TutorialsNBG-460N User’s Guide 85Figure 57 Pinging Jack’s Local IP AddressPinging is successful which means a VPN tunnel has been established between Bob and Jack’s NBG-460Ns. Congratulations! To check this VPN connection click VPN > SA Monitor in the web configurator.Figure 58 SA MonitorVIf pinging is not successful check the VPN settings on both devices and try again. If you are still having problems make sure the VPN settings in the Advanced options are also the same.For more information on VPN including field descriptions refer to Chapter 15 on page 165.
Chapter 6 TutorialsNBG-460N User’s Guide86
87PART IINetworkWireless LAN (89)WAN (117)LAN (127)DHCP (133)Network Address Translation (NAT) (137)Dynamic DNS (147)
88
NBG-460N User’s Guide 89CHAPTER 7 Wireless LANThis chapter discusses how to configure the wireless network settings in your NBG-460N. See the appendices for more detailed information about wireless networks.7.1 Wireless Network OverviewThe following figure provides an example of a wireless network.Figure 59 Example of a Wireless NetworkThe wireless network is the part in the blue circle. In this wireless network, devices A and B are called wireless clients. The wireless clients use the access point (AP) to interact with other devices (such as the printer) or with the Internet. Your NBG-460N is the AP.Every wireless network must follow these basic guidelines.• Every wireless client in the same wireless network must use the same SSID.The SSID is the name of the wireless network. It stands for Service Set IDentity.• If two wireless networks overlap, they should use different channels.Like radio stations or television channels, each wireless network uses a specific channel, or frequency, to send and receive information.AP
Chapter 7 Wireless LANNBG-460N User’s Guide90• Every wireless client in the same wireless network must use security compatible with the AP.Security stops unauthorized devices from using the wireless network. It can also protect the information that is sent in the wireless network.7.2 Wireless Security OverviewThe following sections introduce different types of wireless security you can set up in the wireless network.7.2.1 SSIDNormally, the AP acts like a beacon and regularly broadcasts the SSID in the area. You can hide the SSID instead, in which case the AP does not broadcast the SSID. In addition, you should change the default SSID to something that is difficult to guess.This type of security is fairly weak, however, because there are ways for unauthorized devices to get the SSID. In addition, unauthorized devices can still see the information that is sent in the wireless network.7.2.2 MAC Address FilterEvery wireless client has a unique identification number, called a MAC address.1 A MAC address is usually written using twelve hexadecimal characters2; for example, 00A0C5000002 or 00:A0:C5:00:00:02. To get the MAC address for each wireless client, see the appropriate User’s Guide or other documentation.You can use the MAC address filter to tell the AP which wireless clients are allowed or not allowed to use the wireless network. If a wireless client is allowed to use the wireless network, it still has to have the correct settings (SSID, channel, and security). If a wireless client is not allowed to use the wireless network, it does not matter if it has the correct settings.This type of security does not protect the information that is sent in the wireless network. Furthermore, there are ways for unauthorized devices to get the MAC address of an authorized wireless client. Then, they can use that MAC address to use the wireless network.7.2.3 User AuthenticationYou can make every user log in to the wireless network before they can use it. This is called user authentication. However, every wireless client in the wireless network has to support IEEE 802.1x to do this.For wireless networks, there are two typical places to store the user names and passwords for each user.• In the AP: this feature is called a local user database or a local database.• In a RADIUS server: this is a server used in businesses more than in homes.1. Some wireless devices, such as scanners, can detect wireless networks but cannot use wireless networks. These kinds of wireless devices might not have MAC addresses.2. Hexadecimal characters are 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, A, B, C, D, E, and F.
Chapter 7 Wireless LANNBG-460N User’s Guide 91If your AP does not provide a local user database and if you do not have a RADIUS server, you cannot set up user names and passwords for your users.Unauthorized devices can still see the information that is sent in the wireless network, even if they cannot use the wireless network. Furthermore, there are ways for unauthorized wireless users to get a valid user name and password. Then, they can use that user name and password to use the wireless network.Local user databases also have an additional limitation that is explained in the next section.7.2.4 EncryptionWireless networks can use encryption to protect the information that is sent in the wireless network. Encryption is like a secret code. If you do not know the secret code, you cannot understand the message.The types of encryption you can choose depend on the type of user authentication. (See Section 7.2.3 on page 90 for information about this.)For example, if the wireless network has a RADIUS server, you can choose WPA or WPA2.If users do not log in to the wireless network, you can choose no encryption, Static WEP,WPA-PSK, or WPA2-PSK.Usually, you should set up the strongest encryption that every wireless client in the wireless network supports. For example, suppose the AP does not have a local user database, and you do not have a RADIUS server. Therefore, there is no user authentication. Suppose the wireless network has two wireless clients. Device A only supports WEP, and device B supports WEP and WPA. Therefore, you should set up Static WEP in the wireless network."It is recommended that wireless networks use WPA-PSK,WPA, or stronger encryption. IEEE 802.1x and WEP encryption are better than none at all, but it is still possible for unauthorized devices to figure out the original information pretty quickly.It is not possible to use WPA-PSK,WPA or stronger encryption with a local user database. In this case, it is better to set up stronger encryption with no authentication than to set up weaker encryption with the local user database.Table 27 Types of Encryption for Each Type of AuthenticationNO AUTHENTICATION RADIUS SERVERWeakest No Security WPAStatic WEPWPA-PSKStrongest WPA2-PSK WPA2
Chapter 7 Wireless LANNBG-460N User’s Guide92When you select WPA2 or WPA2-PSK in your NBG-460N, you can also select an option (WPA Compatible) to support WPA as well. In this case, if some wireless clients support WPA and some support WPA2, you should set up WPA2-PSK or WPA2 (depending on the type of wireless network login) and select the WPA Compatible option in the NBG-460N.Many types of encryption use a key to protect the information in the wireless network. The longer the key, the stronger the encryption. Every wireless client in the wireless network must have the same key. 7.3 RoamingA wireless station is a device with an IEEE 802.11a/b/g/n compliant wireless interface. An access point (AP) acts as a bridge between the wireless and wired networks. An AP creates its own wireless coverage area. A wireless station can associate with a particular access point only if it is within the access point’s coverage area.In a network environment with multiple access points, wireless stations are able to switch from one access point to another as they move between the coverage areas. This is known as roaming. As the wireless station moves from place to place, it is responsible for choosing the most appropriate access point depending on the signal strength, network utilization or other factors.The roaming feature on the access points allows the access points to relay information about the wireless stations to each other. When a wireless station moves from a coverage area to another, it scans and uses the channel of a new access point, which then informs the other access points on the LAN about the change. An example is shown in Figure 60 on page 93.With roaming, a wireless LAN mobile user enjoys a continuous connection to the wired network through an access point while moving around the wireless LAN.Enable roaming to exchange the latest bridge information of all wireless stations between APs when a wireless station moves between coverage areas. Wireless stations can still associate with other APs even if you disable roaming. Enabling roaming ensures correct traffic forwarding (bridge tables are updated) and maximum AP efficiency. The AP deletes records of wireless stations that associate with other APs (Non-ZyXEL APs may not be able to perform this). 802.1x authentication information is not exchanged (at the time of writing).
Chapter 7 Wireless LANNBG-460N User’s Guide 93Figure 60 Roaming ExampleThe steps below describe the roaming process.1Wireless station Y moves from the coverage area of access point AP 1 to that of access point AP 2.2Wireless station Y scans and detects the signal of access point AP 2.3Wireless station Y sends an association request to access point AP 2.4Access point AP 2 acknowledges the presence of wireless station Y and relays this information to access point AP 1 through the wired LAN. 5Access point AP 1 updates the new position of wireless station Y.7.3.1 Requirements for RoamingThe following requirements must be met in order for wireless stations to roam between the coverage areas. 1All the access points must be on the same subnet and configured with the same ESSID. 2If IEEE 802.1x user authentication is enabled and to be done locally on the access point, the new access point must have the user profile for the wireless station.3The adjacent access points should use different radio channels when their coverage areas overlap. 4All access points must use the same port number to relay roaming information. 5The access points must be connected to the Ethernet and be able to get IP addresses from a DHCP server if using dynamic IP address assignment. 7.4 Quality of ServiceThis section discusses the Quality of Service (QoS) features available on the NBG-460N.
Chapter 7 Wireless LANNBG-460N User’s Guide947.4.1 WMM QoSWMM (Wi-Fi MultiMedia) QoS (Quality of Service) ensures quality of service in wireless networks. It controls WLAN transmission priority on packets to be transmitted over the wireless network.WMM QoS prioritizes wireless traffic according to delivery requirements. WMM QoS is a part of the IEEE 802.11e QoS enhancement to certified Wi-Fi wireless networks.On APs without WMM QoS, all traffic streams are given the same access priority to the wireless network. If the introduction of another traffic stream creates a data transmission demand that exceeds the current network capacity, then the new traffic stream reduces the throughput of the other traffic streams.The NBG-460N uses WMM QoS to prioritize traffic streams according to the IEEE 802.1q tag or DSCP information in each packet’s header. The NBG-460N automatically determines the priority to use for an individual traffic stream. This prevents reductions in data transmission for applications that are sensitive to latency (delay) and jitter (variations in delay).7.4.1.1 WMM QoS PrioritiesThe following table describes the WMM QoS priority levels that the NBG-460N uses.7.5 General Wireless LAN Screen "If you are configuring the NBG-460N from a computer connected to the wireless LAN and you change the NBG-460N’s SSID, channel or security settings, you will lose your wireless connection when you press Apply to confirm. You must then change the wireless settings of your computer to match the NBG-460N’s new settings.Click Network > Wireless LAN to open the General screen.Table 28 WMM QoS PrioritiesPRIORITY LEVEL DESCRIPTIONvoice(WMM_VOICE)Typically used for traffic that is especially sensitive to jitter. Use this priority to reduce latency for improved voice quality.video(WMM_VIDEO)Typically used for traffic which has some tolerance for jitter but needs to be prioritized over other data traffic.best effort(WMM_BEST_EFFORT)Typically used for traffic from applications or devices that lack QoS capabilities. Use best effort priority for traffic that is less sensitive to latency, but is affected by long delays, such as Internet surfing.background(WMM_BACKGROUND)This is typically used for non-critical traffic such as bulk transfers and print jobs that are allowed but that should not affect other applications and users. Use background priority for applications that do not have strict latency and throughput requirements.
Chapter 7 Wireless LANNBG-460N User’s Guide 95Figure 61 Network > Wireless LAN > General The following table describes the general wireless LAN labels in this screen.Table 29 Network > Wireless LAN > GeneralLABEL DESCRIPTIONEnable Wireless LAN Click the check box to activate wireless LAN.Name(SSID) (Service Set IDentity) The SSID identifies the Service Set with which a wireless station is associated. Wireless stations associating to the access point (AP) must have the same SSID. Enter a descriptive name (up to 32 printable 7-bit ASCII characters) for the wireless LAN. Hide SSID Select this check box to hide the SSID in the outgoing beacon frame so a station cannot obtain the SSID through scanning using a site survey tool.Channel Selection Set the operating frequency/channel depending on your particular region. Select a channel from the drop-down list box. The options vary depending on the frequency band and the country you are in.Refer to the Connection Wizard chapter for more information on channels. This option is only available if Auto Channel Selection is disabled.Auto Channel Selection Select this check box for the NBG-460N to automatically choose the channel with the least interference. Deselect this check box if you wish to manually select the channel using the Channel Section field.Operating Channel This displays the channel the NBG-460N is currently using.Channel Width Select whether the NBG-460N uses a wireless channel width of 20 or 40 MHz. A standard 20 MHz channel offers transfer speeds of up to 150Mbps whereas a 40MHz channel uses two standard channels and offers speeds of up to 300 Mbps. Because not all devices support 40 MHz channels, select Auto 20/40MHz to allow the NBG-460N to adjust the channel bandwidth automatically.Security Mode Select Static-WEP,WPA-PSK,WPA,WPA2-PSK, or WPA2 to add security on this wireless network. The wireless clients which want to associate to this network must have same wireless security settings as this device. After you select to use a security, additional options appears in this screen. See 7.5.2,7.5.3,7.5.4 sections. Or you can select No Security to allow any client to associate this network without authentication.Note: If you enable the WPS function, only No Security,WPA-PSKand WPA2-PSK are available in this field.
Chapter 7 Wireless LANNBG-460N User’s Guide96See the rest of this chapter for information on the other labels in this screen. 7.5.1 No SecuritySelect No Security to allow wireless stations to communicate with the access points without any data encryption. "If you do not enable any wireless security on your NBG-460N, your network is accessible to any wireless networking device that is within range.Figure 62 Network > Wireless LAN > General: No SecurityThe following table describes the labels in this screen.7.5.2 WEP EncryptionWEP encryption scrambles the data transmitted between the wireless stations and the access points to keep network communications private. It encrypts unicast and multicast communications in a network. Both the wireless stations and the access points must use the same WEP key.Apply Click Apply to save your changes back to the NBG-460N.Reset Click Reset to reload the previous configuration for this screen.Table 29 Network > Wireless LAN > GeneralLABEL DESCRIPTIONTable 30 Wireless No SecurityLABEL DESCRIPTIONSecurity Mode Choose No Security from the drop-down list box.Apply Click Apply to save your changes back to the NBG-460N.Reset Click Reset to reload the previous configuration for this screen.
Chapter 7 Wireless LANNBG-460N User’s Guide 97Your NBG-460N allows you to configure up to four 64-bit or 128-bit WEP keys but only one key can be enabled at any one time.In order to configure and enable WEP encryption; click Network > Wireless LAN to display the General screen. Select Static WEP from the Security Mode list.Figure 63 Network > Wireless LAN > General: Static WEPThe following table describes the wireless LAN security labels in this screen.Table 31 Network > Wireless LAN > General: Static WEPLABEL DESCRIPTIONPassphrase Enter a passphrase (password phrase) of up to 32 printable characters and click Generate. The NBG-460N automatically generates four different WEP keys and displays them in the Key fields below.WEPEncryption Select 64-bit WEP or 128-bit WEP to enable data encryption.Authentication Method This field is activated when you select 64-bit WEP or 128-bit WEP in the WEP Encryption field.Select Auto or Shared Key from the drop-down list box. ASCII Select this option in order to enter ASCII characters as WEP key. Hex Select this option in order to enter hexadecimal characters as a WEP key. The preceding "0x", that identifies a hexadecimal key, is entered automatically.
Chapter 7 Wireless LANNBG-460N User’s Guide987.5.3 WPA-PSK/WPA2-PSKClick Network > Wireless LAN to display the General screen. Select WPA-PSK or WPA2-PSK from the Security Mode list.Figure 64 Network > Wireless LAN > General: WPA-PSK/WPA2-PSKKey 1 to Key 4 The WEP keys are used to encrypt data. Both the NBG-460N and the wireless stations must use the same WEP key for data transmission.If you chose 64-bit WEP, then enter any 5 ASCII characters or 10 hexadecimal characters ("0-9", "A-F").If you chose 128-bit WEP, then enter 13 ASCII characters or 26 hexadecimal characters ("0-9", "A-F"). You must configure at least one key, only one key can be activated at any one time. The default key is key 1.Apply Click Apply to save your changes back to the NBG-460N.Reset Click Reset to reload the previous configuration for this screen.Table 31 Network > Wireless LAN > General: Static WEPLABEL DESCRIPTION
Chapter 7 Wireless LANNBG-460N User’s Guide 99The following table describes the labels in this screen.7.5.4 WPA/WPA2Click Network > Wireless LAN to display the General screen. Select WPA or WPA2 from the Security Mode list.Table 32 Network > Wireless LAN > General: WPA-PSK/WPA2-PSKLABEL DESCRIPTIONWPA Compatible This check box is available only when you select WPA2-PSK or WPA2 in the Security Mode field.Select the check box to have both WPA2 and WPA wireless clients be able to communicate with the NBG-460N even when the NBG-460N is using WPA2-PSK or WPA2.Pre-Shared Key The encryption mechanisms used for WPA/WPA2 and WPA-PSK/WPA2-PSKare the same. The only difference between the two is that WPA-PSK/WPA2-PSKuses a simple common password, instead of user-specific credentials.Type a pre-shared key from 8 to 63 case-sensitive ASCII characters (including spaces and symbols).ReAuthentication Timer (in seconds)Specify how often wireless stations have to resend usernames and passwords in order to stay connected. Enter a time interval between 10 and 9999 seconds. The default time interval is 1800 seconds (30 minutes). Note: If wireless station authentication is done using a RADIUS server, the reauthentication timer on the RADIUS server has priority.Idle Timeout The NBG-460N automatically disconnects a wireless station from the wired network after a period of inactivity. The wireless station needs to enter the username and password again before access to the wired network is allowed. The default time interval is 3600 seconds (or 1 hour).Group Key Update Timer The Group Key Update Timer is the rate at which the AP (if using WPA-PSK/WPA2-PSK key management) or RADIUS server (if using WPA/WPA2 key management) sends a new group key out to all clients. The re-keying process is the WPA/WPA2 equivalent of automatically changing the WEP key for an AP and all stations in a WLAN on a periodic basis. Setting of the Group Key Update Timer is also supported in WPA-PSK/WPA2-PSK mode. The default is 1800seconds (30 minutes).Apply Click Apply to save your changes back to the NBG-460N.Reset Click Reset to reload the previous configuration for this screen.
Chapter 7 Wireless LANNBG-460N User’s Guide100Figure 65 Network > Wireless LAN > General: WPA/WPA2The following table describes the labels in this screen.Table 33 Network > Wireless LAN > General: WPA/WPA2LABEL DESCRIPTIONWPA Compatible This check box is available only when you select WPA2-PSK or WPA2 in the Security Mode field.Select the check box to have both WPA2 and WPA wireless clients be able to communicate with the NBG-460N even when the NBG-460N is using WPA2-PSK or WPA2.ReAuthentication Timer (in seconds) Specify how often wireless stations have to resend usernames and passwords in order to stay connected. Enter a time interval between 10 and 9999 seconds. The default time interval is 1800 seconds (30 minutes). Note: If wireless station authentication is done using a RADIUS server, the reauthentication timer on the RADIUS server has priority.Idle Timeout The NBG-460N automatically disconnects a wireless station from the wired network after a period of inactivity. The wireless station needs to enter the username and password again before access to the wired network is allowed. The default time interval is 3600 seconds (or 1 hour).
Chapter 7 Wireless LANNBG-460N User’s Guide 1017.6 MAC FilterThe MAC filter screen allows you to configure the NBG-460N to give exclusive access to up to 32 devices (Allow) or exclude up to 32 devices from accessing the NBG-460N (Deny). Every Ethernet device has a unique MAC (Media Access Control) address. The MAC address is assigned at the factory and consists of six pairs of hexadecimal characters, for example, 00:A0:C5:00:00:02. You need to know the MAC address of the devices to configure this screen.To change your NBG-460N’s MAC filter settings, click Network > Wireless LAN > MACFilter. The screen appears as shown.Group Key Update Timer The Group Key Update Timer is the rate at which the AP (if using WPA-PSK/WPA2-PSK key management) or RADIUS server (if using WPA/WPA2 key management) sends a new group key out to all clients. The re-keying process is the WPA/WPA2 equivalent of automatically changing the WEP key for an AP and all stations in a WLAN on a periodic basis. Setting of the Group Key Update Timer is also supported in WPA-PSK/WPA2-PSK mode. The NBG-460N default is 1800 seconds (30 minutes).Authentication ServerIP Address Enter the IP address of the external authentication server in dotted decimal notation.Port Number Enter the port number of the external authentication server. The default port number is 1812.You need not change this value unless your network administrator instructs you to do so with additional information. Shared Secret Enter a password (up to 31 alphanumeric characters) as the key to be shared between the external authentication server and the NBG-460N.The key must be the same on the external authentication server and your NBG-460N. The key is not sent over the network. Accounting ServerActive Select Yes from the drop down list box to enable user accounting through an external authentication server.IP Address Enter the IP address of the external accounting server in dotted decimal notation.Port Number Enter the port number of the external accounting server. The default port number is 1813.You need not change this value unless your network administrator instructs you to do so with additional information. Shared Secret Enter a password (up to 31 alphanumeric characters) as the key to be shared between the external accounting server and the NBG-460N.The key must be the same on the external accounting server and your NBG-460N. The key is not sent over the network. Apply Click Apply to save your changes back to the NBG-460N.Reset Click Reset to reload the previous configuration for this screen.Table 33 Network > Wireless LAN > General: WPA/WPA2LABEL DESCRIPTION
Chapter 7 Wireless LANNBG-460N User’s Guide102Figure 66 Network > Wireless LAN > MAC FilterThe following table describes the labels in this menu.7.7 Wireless LAN Advanced ScreenClick Network > Wireless LAN > Advanced. The screen appears as shown.Table 34 Network > Wireless LAN > MAC FilterLABEL DESCRIPTIONActive Select Yes from the drop down list box to enable MAC address filtering.Filter Action Define the filter action for the list of MAC addresses in the MAC Address table. Select Deny to block access to the NBG-460N, MAC addresses not listed will be allowed to access the NBG-460N Select Allow to permit access to the NBG-460N, MAC addresses not listed will be denied access to the NBG-460N. Set This is the index number of the MAC address.MAC Address Enter the MAC addresses of the wireless station that are allowed or denied access to the NBG-460N in these address fields. Enter the MAC addresses in a valid MAC address format, that is, six hexadecimal character pairs, for example, 12:34:56:78:9a:bc.Apply Click Apply to save your changes back to the NBG-460N.Reset Click Reset to reload the previous configuration for this screen.
Chapter 7 Wireless LANNBG-460N User’s Guide 103Figure 67 Network > Wireless LAN > AdvancedThe following table describes the labels in this screen. 7.8 Quality of Service (QoS) ScreenThe QoS screen allows you to automatically give a service (such as e-mail, VoIP or FTP) a priority level.Click Network > Wireless LAN > QoS. The following screen appears.Table 35 Network > Wireless LAN > AdvancedLABEL DESCRIPTIONRoaming ConfigurationEnable Roaming Select this option if your network environment has multiple APs and you want your wireless device to be able to access the network as you move between wireless networks.Wireless Advanced SetupRTS/CTSThreshold Data with its frame size larger than this value will perform the RTS (Request To Send)/CTS (Clear To Send) handshake. Enter a value between 0 and 2432. Enable Intra-BSS Traffic A Basic Service Set (BSS) exists when all communications between wireless clients or between a wireless client and a wired network client go through one access point (AP). Intra-BSS traffic is traffic between wireless clients in the BSS. When Intra-BSS is enabled, wireless client A and B can access the wired network and communicate with each other. When Intra-BSS is disabled, wireless client A and B can still access the wired network but cannot communicate with each other.Apply Click Apply to save your changes back to the NBG-460N.Reset Click Reset to reload the previous configuration for this screen.
Chapter 7 Wireless LANNBG-460N User’s Guide104Figure 68 Network > Wireless LAN > QoS The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 36 Network > Wireless LAN > QoSLABEL DESCRIPTIONWMM QoS Policy Select Default to have the NBG-460N automatically give a service a priority level according to the ToS value in the IP header of packets it sends. WMM QoS (Wifi MultiMedia Quality of Service) gives high priority to voice and video, which makes them run more smoothly.Select Application Priority from the drop-down list box to display a table of application names, services, ports and priorities to which you want to apply WMM QoS.The table appears only if you select Application Priority in WMMQoS Policy.# This is the number of an individual application entry.Name This field displays a description given to an application entry.Service This field displays either FTP,WWW,E-mail or a User Definedservice to which you want to apply WMM QoS.Dest Port This field displays the destination port number to which the application sends traffic.Priority This field displays the priority of the application.Highest - Typically used for voice or video that should be high-quality.High - Typically used for voice or video that can be medium-quality.Mid - Typically used for applications that do not fit into another priority. For example, Internet surfing.Low - Typically used for non-critical “background” applications, such as large file transfers and print jobs that should not affect other applications.Modify Click the Edit icon to open the Application Priority Configurationscreen. Modify an existing application entry or create a application entry in the Application Priority Configuration screen.Click the Remove icon to delete an application entry.Apply Click Apply to save your changes to the NBG-460N.
Chapter 7 Wireless LANNBG-460N User’s Guide 1057.8.1 Application Priority ConfigurationUse this screen to edit a WMM QoS application entry. Click the edit icon under Modify. The following screen displays.Figure 69 Network > Wireless LAN > QoS: Application Priority ConfigurationSee Appendix F on page 321 for a list of commonly-used services and destination ports. The following table describes the fields in this screen.Network > Wireless LAN > QoS: Application Priority ConfigurationLABEL DESCRIPTIONApplication Priority ConfigurationName Type a description of the application priority.Service The following is a description of the applications you can prioritize with WMM QoS. Select a service from the drop-down list box. • E-MailElectronic mail consists of messages sent through a computer network to specific groups or individuals. Here are some default ports for e-mail: POP3 - port 110IMAP - port 143SMTP - port 25HTTP - port 80•FTPFile Transfer Protocol enables fast transfer of files, including large files that it may not be possible to send via e-mail. FTP uses port number 21.•WWWThe World Wide Web is an Internet system to distribute graphical, hyper-linked information, based on Hyper Text Transfer Protocol (HTTP) - a client/server protocol for the World Wide Web. The Web is not synonymous with the Internet; rather, it is just one service on the Internet. Other services on the Internet include Internet Relay Chat and Newsgroups. The Web is accessed through use of a browser.•User-DefinedUser-defined services are user specific services configured using known ports and applications.Dest Port This displays the port the selected service uses. Type a port number in the field provided if you want to use a different port to the default port.Priority Select a priority from the drop-down list box. Apply Click Apply to save your changes back to the NBG-460N.Cancel Click Cancel to return to the previous screen.
Chapter 7 Wireless LANNBG-460N User’s Guide1067.9 WiFi Protected SetupWiFi Protected Setup (WPS) is an industry standard specification, defined by the WiFi Alliance. WPS allows you to quickly set up a wireless network with strong security, without having to configure security settings manually. Depending on the devices in your network, you can either press a button (on the device itself, or in its configuration utility) or enter a PIN (Personal Identification Number) in the devices. Then, they connect and set up a secure network by themselves. See how to set up a secure wireless network using WPS in the Section6.1.2 on page 73.7.9.1 WPS ScreenUse this screen to enable/disable WPS, view or generate a new PIN number and check current WPS status. To open this screen, click Network >Wireless LAN > WPS tab.Figure 70 WPSThe following table describes the labels in this screen.Table 37 WPSLABEL DESCRIPTIONWPS SetupEnable WPS Select this to enable the WPS feature.PIN Number This displays a PIN number last time system generated. Click Generate to generate a new PIN number.WPS StatusStatus This displays Configured when the NBG-460N has connected to a wireless network using WPS or when Enable WPS is selected and wireless or wireless security settings have been changed. The current wireless and wireless security settings also appear in the screen.This displays Unconfigured if WPS is disabled and there are no wireless or wireless security changes on the NBG-460N or you click Release_Configurationto remove the configured wireless and wireless security settings.Release Configuration This button is only available when the WPS status displays Configured.Click this button to remove all configured wireless and wireless security settings for WPS connections on the NBG-460N.Apply Click Apply to save your changes back to the NBG-460N.Refresh Click Refresh to get this screen information afresh.
Chapter 7 Wireless LANNBG-460N User’s Guide 1077.9.2 WPS Station ScreenUse this screen when you want to add a wireless station using WPS. To open this screen, click Network > Wireless LAN > WPS Station tab."Note: After you click Push Button on this screen, you have to press a similar button in the wireless station utility within 2 minutes. To add the second wireless station, you have to press these buttons on both device and the wireless station again after the first 2 minutes.Figure 71 WPS StationThe following table describes the labels in this screen.7.9.3 SchedulingUse this screen to set the times your wireless LAN is turned on and off. Wireless LAN scheduling is disabled by default. The wireless LAN can be scheduled to turn on or off on certain days and at certain times. To open this screen, click Network > Wireless LAN > Scheduling tab.Table 38 WPS StationLABEL DESCRIPTIONPush Button Use this button when you use the PBC (Push Button Configuration) method to configure wireless stations’s wireless settings. See Section 6.1.2.1 on page 74.Click this to start WPS-aware wireless station scanning and the wireless security information synchronization. Or input station’s PIN number Use this button when you use the PIN Configuration method to configure wireless station’s wireless settings. See Section 6.1.2.2 on page 75.Type the same PIN number generated in the wireless station’s utility. Then click Start to associate to each other and perform the wireless security information synchronization.
Chapter 7 Wireless LANNBG-460N User’s Guide108Figure 72 SchedulingThe following table describes the labels in this screen.7.10 iPod Touch Web ConfiguratorThe iPod Touch web configurator displays when you are connecting to the NBG-460N wirelessly with an iPod Touch device through a web browser. It is different to the web configurator that you access from your computer.To connect wirelessly to the iPod Touch web configurator with your iPod Touch follow the steps below:Table 39 SchedulingLABEL DESCRIPTIONEnable Wireless LAN Scheduling Select this to enable Wireless LAN scheduling.WLAN Status Select On or Off to specify whether the Wireless LAN is turned on or off. This field works in conjunction with the Day and Except for the following times fields.Day Select Everyday or the specific days to turn the Wireless LAN on or off. If you select Everyday you can not select any specific days. This field works in conjunction with the Except for the following times field.Except for the following times (24-Hour Format)Select a begin time using the first set of hour and minute (min) drop down boxes and select an end time using the second set of hour and minute (min) drop down boxes. If you have chosen On earlier for the WLAN Status the Wireless LAN will turn off between the two times you enter in these fields. If you have chosen Offearlier for the WLAN Status the Wireless LAN will turn on between the two times you enter in these fields. Note: Entering the same begin time and end time will mean the whole day.Apply Click Apply to save your changes back to the NBG-460N.Reset Click Reset to reload the previous configuration for this screen.
Chapter 7 Wireless LANNBG-460N User’s Guide 1091Make sure the Wireless LAN on the NBG-460N is enabled and that you know the security settings (if any). To do this check the Wireless LAN > General screen in the web configurator from your computer.2On the iPod Touch’s main screen press Settings > Wi-fi and from the list press the NBG-460N’s network name (SSID) to connect to it. If you are prompted for any security settings enter them and press connect. If you cannot connect check your security settings in the web configurator from your computer and try again.3After connecting to the NBG-460N’s wireless LAN network launch the iPod Touch Internet browser and enter the NBG-460N’s IP address (default: 192.168.1.1) into the address bar. The login screen displays.7.10.1 Login ScreenAfter accessing the NBG-460N’s IP address in the iPod Touch web browser the screen below will display."You cannot change your password in the iPod Touch web configurator. To change your password log into the web configurator using your computer.Figure 73 Login ScreenThe following table describes the labels in this screen.Table 40 Login ScreenLABEL DESCRIPTIONAuto Login Select this checkbox to automatically log into the iPod Touch web configurator when accessing it through the same iPod Touch device.Password Enter the password for the NBG-460N. If you haven’t changed the default password earlier this is “1234”.Login Press the Login button to log into the iPod Touch web configurator.Reset Press the Reset button to clear your selections and start over.
Chapter 7 Wireless LANNBG-460N User’s Guide1107.10.2 System StatusAfter successfully logging into the iPod Touch web configurator the System Status screen displays."Your changes in the iPod Touch web configurator are saved automatically after pressing a button.If you are going to use the WPS (Wi-Fi Protected Setup) function in the iPod Touch Web Configurator it is recommended to configure your WPS settings first from your computer.If WPS has not been configured previously the iPod Touch will lose it’s wireless connection to the NBG-460N after the NBG-460N has connected to another device using WPS through the iPod Touch web configurator. To reconnect to the wireless network using your iPod Touch you must find out the new WPS settings by logging into the web configurator from your computer and going to the Wireless LAN screen.
Chapter 7 Wireless LANNBG-460N User’s Guide 111Figure 74 System Status screenThe following table describes the labels in this screen.Table 41 System Status screenLABEL DESCRIPTIONLogout Press this to logout of the iPod Touch web configurator.LANIP Address This field displays the NBG-460N’s LAN (Local Area Network) IP address.WANIP Address This field displays the NBG-460N’s WAN IP address. If this field displays “-” it means the WAN is not connected. Try pressing Reconnect if your WAN connection is not working.Reconnect Press Reconnect to renew your NBG-460N’s WAN connection.WLANName (SSID) This field displays the SSID (Service set identifier) of the NBG-460N’s Wireless LAN.Security Mode This field displays the security authentication mode of the NBG-460N’s Wireless LAN. This can be No Security,WPA-PSK,WPA2-PSK or WEP.
Chapter 7 Wireless LANNBG-460N User’s Guide1127.10.3 WPS in ProgressAfter pressing Push Button in the System Status screen the WPS in Progress screen will display.It can take around two minutes for a successful WPS connection to be made. The SystemStatus screen will display after a connection has been made or if it has failed. For more information on WPS see Section 7.9 on page 106.Channel This field displays the channel the NBG-460N’s Wireless LAN operates on. This will display as disabled if auto channel selection mode is on.PIN Number This field displays the NBG-460N’s WPS (Wi-Fi Protected Setup) PIN number. WPS allows you to connect wireless clients to your wireless LAN easily. See Section 7.9 on page 106 for more information on WPS and the PIN method of configuration.Push Button Press the Push Button to start either the PBC (Push Button Configuration) or PIN method of WPS configuration. The WPS in progress screen will display, see Section 7.10.3 on page 112.Client Number This field displays the number of wireless clients on the network.SecurityFirewall Press the left side of the button to turn the firewall ON. Press the right side of the button to turn the firewall OFF. To configure the firewall access the web configurator from your computer.A Firewall enables the NBG-460N to act as a secure gateway between the LAN and the Internet.URL Filtering Press the left side of the button to turn URL Filtering ON. Press the right side of the button to turn URL Filtering OFF. To configure URL filtering access the web configurator from your computer and go to the content filtering screens. Content filtering enables you to block certain web features or specific URL keywords.ManagementMBM Press the left side of the button to turn MBM (Media Bandwidth Management) ON.Press the right side of the button to turn MBM OFF. To configure Media Bandwidth Management access the web configurator from your computer and go to the Bandwidth Management screens.When accessed from a computer the web configurator allows you to specify bandwidth management rules based on an application and/or subnet.Port Forwarding Press Details to go to another screen to manage the port forwarding rules.Activated Rule This field displays the currently activated port forwarding rules.Table 41 System Status screenLABEL DESCRIPTION
Chapter 7 Wireless LANNBG-460N User’s Guide 113Figure 75 WPS In Progress7.10.4 Port ForwardingAfter pressing the Details button in the System Status screen the port forwarding screen will display. Use this screen to change the status of port forwarding rules that have been set up in the web configurator from your computer. See Section 11.4 on page 139 for more information on configuring port forwarding rules."To go back to the System Status screen press the ZyXEL logo at the top of the page."To see any changes on the System Status screen you will need to refresh the page first. Use the browser’s refresh function. See the iPod Touch’s documentation if you cannot find it.
Chapter 7 Wireless LANNBG-460N User’s Guide114Figure 76 Port ForwardingThe following table describes the labels in this screen.7.11 Accessing the iPod Touch Web ConfiguratorTo access the iPod Touch web configurator through your iPod Touch you must first connect it to the NBG-460N’s wireless network. Follow the steps below to do this.Table 42 Port ForwardingLABEL DESCRIPTION#This is the number of an individual port forwarding entry.Rule This column displays the configured port forwarding rules. To configure a new rule you must use the web configurator from your computer.Port This column displays the port number(s) which are forwarded when the rule is turned on.Status Use this column to manage the status of the rules. Press the left side of the button to turn the rule ON and press the right side of the button to turn the rule OFF.
Chapter 7 Wireless LANNBG-460N User’s Guide 115"If you have not configured your wireless settings yet you can do so by using the Wizard in the web configurator you access from your computer. Click the Wizard icon or the Go To Wizard Setup web link you see after logging into the web configurator from your computer. See Chapter 4 on page 49 for more information on using the Wizard.1On the iPod Touch’s main screen press Settings and then press Wi-fi.2On the list of networks press the NBG-460N’s network name (SSID) to connect to it. If you are prompted for any security settings enter them and press connect.VThe pre-shared key is case-sensitive. If you have problems connecting then try checking the security settings in the web configurator from your computer and try again.7.11.1 Accessing the iPod Touch Web ConfiguratorNow that you are connected to the NBG-460N’s wireless network you can access the iPod Touch web configurator. To do this follow the steps below:1Launch the iPod Touch’s web browser from the main screen. The default web browser is Safari.2Enter the IP address of the NBG-460N into the address bar and go to that address. The default IP address for the NBG-460N is 192.168.1.1.3The login screen should display.Figure 77 Login Screen
Chapter 7 Wireless LANNBG-460N User’s Guide116VIf the login screen does not display properly, check that you are accessing the correct IP address. Also check your iPod Touch web browser’s security settings as they may affect how the page displays.4If you wish to login automatically in the future make sure the Auto Login checkbox is selected.5Enter your password and press login. The default password for the NBG-460N is “1234”.6The System Status screen will display after successfully logging in. Congratulations! For information on using the configurator see Section 7.10 on page 108.
NBG-460N User’s Guide 117CHAPTER 8 WANThis chapter describes how to configure WAN settings.8.1 WAN OverviewSee the chapter about the connection wizard for more information on the fields in the WAN screens.8.2 WAN MAC AddressThe MAC address screen allows users to configure the WAN port's MAC address by either using the factory default or cloning the MAC address from a computer on your LAN. Choose Factory Default to select the factory assigned default MAC Address.Otherwise, click Clone the computer's MAC address - IP Address and enter the IP address of the computer on the LAN whose MAC you are cloning. Once it is successfully configured, the address will be copied to the rom file (ZyNOS configuration file). It will not change unless you change the setting or upload a different ROM file. It is recommended that you clone the MAC address prior to hooking up the WAN Port.8.3 MulticastTraditionally, IP packets are transmitted in one of either two ways - Unicast (1 sender - 1 recipient) or Broadcast (1 sender - everybody on the network). Multicast delivers IP packets to a group of hosts on the network - not everybody and not just 1. IGMP (Internet Group Multicast Protocol) is a network-layer protocol used to establish membership in a Multicast group - it is not used to carry user data. IGMP version 2 (RFC 2236) is an improvement over version 1 (RFC 1112) but IGMP version 1 is still in wide use. If you would like to read more detailed information about interoperability between IGMP version 2 and version 1, please see sections 4 and 5 of RFC 2236. The class D IP address is used to identify host groups and can be in the range 224.0.0.0 to 239.255.255.255. The address 224.0.0.0 is not assigned to any group and is used by IP multicast computers. The address 224.0.0.1 is used for query messages and is assigned to the permanent group of all IP hosts (including gateways). All hosts must join the 224.0.0.1 group in order to participate in IGMP. The address 224.0.0.2 is assigned to the multicast routers group.
Chapter 8 WANNBG-460N User’s Guide118The NBG-460N supports both IGMP version 1 (IGMP-v1) and IGMP version 2 (IGMP-v2).At start up, the NBG-460N queries all directly connected networks to gather group membership. After that, the NBG-460N periodically updates this information. IP multicasting can be enabled/disabled on the NBG-460N LAN and/or WAN interfaces in the web configurator (LAN; WAN). Select None to disable IP multicasting on these interfaces.8.4 Internet ConnectionUse this screen to change your NBG-460N’s Internet access settings. Click Network > WAN.The screen differs according to the encapsulation you choose.8.4.1 Ethernet EncapsulationThis screen displays when you select Ethernet encapsulation.Figure 78 Network > WAN > Internet Connection: Ethernet Encapsulation
Chapter 8 WANNBG-460N User’s Guide 119The following table describes the labels in this screen.8.4.2 PPPoE EncapsulationThe NBG-460N supports PPPoE (Point-to-Point Protocol over Ethernet). PPPoE is an IETF standard (RFC 2516) specifying how a personal computer (PC) interacts with a broadband modem (DSL, cable, wireless, etc.) connection. The PPP over Ethernet option is for a dial-up connection using PPPoE.Table 43 Network > WAN > Internet Connection: Ethernet EncapsulationLABEL DESCRIPTIONEncapsulation You must choose the Ethernet option when the WAN port is used as a regular Ethernet.Service Type Choose from Standard,RR-Telstra (RoadRunner Telstra authentication method), RR-Manager (Roadrunner Manager authentication method), RR-Toshiba (Roadrunner Toshiba authentication method) or Telia Login.The following fields do not appear with the Standard service type.WAN IP Address Assignment Get automatically from ISP Select this option If your ISP did not assign you a fixed IP address. This is the default selection. Use Fixed IP Address Select this option If the ISP assigned a fixed IP address. IP Address Enter your WAN IP address in this field if you selected Use Fixed IP Address.IP Subnet Mask Enter the IP Subnet Mask in this field.Gateway IP Address Enter a Gateway IP Address (if your ISP gave you one) in this field.DNS ServersFirst DNS ServerSecond DNS ServerThird DNS Server Select From ISP if your ISP dynamically assigns DNS server information (and the NBG-460N's WAN IP address). The field to the right displays the (read-only) DNS server IP address that the ISP assigns. Select User-Defined if you have the IP address of a DNS server. Enter the DNS server's IP address in the field to the right. If you chose User-Defined, but leave the IP address set to 0.0.0.0, User-Defined changes to None after you click Apply. If you set a second choice to User-Defined, and enter the same IP address, the second User-Defined changes to None after you click Apply.Select None if you do not want to configure DNS servers. If you do not configure a DNS server, you must know the IP address of a computer in order to access it.WAN MAC Address The MAC address section allows users to configure the WAN port's MAC address by either using the NBG-460N’s MAC address, copying the MAC address from a computer on your LAN or manually entering a MAC address. Factory default Select Factory default to use the factory assigned default MAC Address.Clone the computer’s MAC addressSelect Clone the computer's MAC address - IP Address and enter the IP address of the computer on the LAN whose MAC you are cloning. Once it is successfully configured, the address will be copied to the rom file (ZyNOS configuration file). It will not change unless you change the setting or upload a different ROM file. Set WAN MAC Address Select this option and enter the MAC address you want to use.Apply Click Apply to save your changes back to the NBG-460N.Reset Click Reset to begin configuring this screen afresh.
Chapter 8 WANNBG-460N User’s Guide120For the service provider, PPPoE offers an access and authentication method that works with existing access control systems (for example Radius).One of the benefits of PPPoE is the ability to let you access one of multiple network services, a function known as dynamic service selection. This enables the service provider to easily create and offer new IP services for individuals.Operationally, PPPoE saves significant effort for both you and the ISP or carrier, as it requires no specific configuration of the broadband modem at the customer site.By implementing PPPoE directly on the NBG-460N (rather than individual computers), the computers on the LAN do not need PPPoE software installed, since the NBG-460N does that part of the task. Furthermore, with NAT, all of the LANs’ computers will have access.This screen displays when you select PPPoE encapsulation.Figure 79 Network > WAN > Internet Connection: PPPoE Encapsulation
Chapter 8 WANNBG-460N User’s Guide 121The following table describes the labels in this screen.Table 44 Network > WAN > Internet Connection: PPPoE EncapsulationLABEL DESCRIPTIONISP Parameters for Internet AccessEncapsulation The PPP over Ethernet choice is for a dial-up connection using PPPoE. The NBG-460N supports PPPoE (Point-to-Point Protocol over Ethernet). PPPoE is an IETF Draft standard (RFC 2516) specifying how a personal computer (PC) interacts with a broadband modem (i.e. xDSL, cable, wireless, etc.) connection. Operationally, PPPoE saves significant effort for both the end user and ISP/carrier, as it requires no specific configuration of the broadband modem at the customer site. By implementing PPPoE directly on the router rather than individual computers, the computers on the LAN do not need PPPoE software installed, since the router does that part of the task. Further, with NAT, all of the LAN's computers will have access.Service Name Type the PPPoE service name provided to you. PPPoE uses a service name to identify and reach the PPPoE server.User Name Type the user name given to you by your ISP.Password Type the password associated with the user name above.Retype to Confirm Type your password again to make sure that you have entered is correctly. Nailed-Up Connection Select Nailed-Up Connection if you do not want the connection to time out.Idle Timeout This value specifies the time in seconds that elapses before the router automatically disconnects from the PPPoE server.WAN IP Address Assignment Get automatically from ISP Select this option If your ISP did not assign you a fixed IP address. This is the default selection. Use Fixed IP Address Select this option If the ISP assigned a fixed IP address. My WAN IP Address Enter your WAN IP address in this field if you selected Use Fixed IP Address.DNS ServersFirst DNS ServerSecond DNS ServerThird DNS Server Select From ISP if your ISP dynamically assigns DNS server information (and the NBG-460N's WAN IP address). The field to the right displays the (read-only) DNS server IP address that the ISP assigns. Select User-Defined if you have the IP address of a DNS server. Enter the DNS server's IP address in the field to the right. If you chose User-Defined, but leave the IP address set to 0.0.0.0, User-Defined changes to None after you click Apply. If you set a second choice to User-Defined, and enter the same IP address, the second User-Defined changes to None after you click Apply.Select None if you do not want to configure DNS servers. If you do not configure a DNS server, you must know the IP address of a computer in order to access it.WAN MAC Address The MAC address section allows users to configure the WAN port's MAC address by using the NBG-460N’s MAC address, copying the MAC address from a computer on your LAN or manually entering a MAC address. Factory default Select Factory default to use the factory assigned default MAC Address.Clone the computer’s MAC addressSelect Clone the computer's MAC address - IP Address and enter the IP address of the computer on the LAN whose MAC you are cloning. Once it is successfully configured, the address will be copied to the rom file (ZyNOS configuration file). It will not change unless you change the setting or upload a different ROM file. Set WAN MAC Address Select this option and enter the MAC address you want to use.
Chapter 8 WANNBG-460N User’s Guide1228.4.3 PPTP EncapsulationPoint-to-Point Tunneling Protocol (PPTP) is a network protocol that enables secure transfer of data from a remote client to a private server, creating a Virtual Private Network (VPN) using TCP/IP-based networks.PPTP supports on-demand, multi-protocol and virtual private networking over public networks, such as the Internet.This screen displays when you select PPTP encapsulation.Apply Click Apply to save your changes back to the NBG-460N.Reset Click Reset to begin configuring this screen afresh.Table 44 Network > WAN > Internet Connection: PPPoE EncapsulationLABEL DESCRIPTION
Chapter 8 WANNBG-460N User’s Guide 123Figure 80 Network > WAN > Internet Connection: PPTP EncapsulationThe following table describes the labels in this screen.Table 45 Network > WAN > Internet Connection: PPTP EncapsulationLABEL DESCRIPTIONISP Parameters for Internet AccessEncapsulation Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol (PPTP) is a network protocol that enables secure transfer of data from a remote client to a private server, creating a Virtual Private Network (VPN) using TCP/IP-based networks. PPTP supports on-demand, multi-protocol, and virtual private networking over public networks, such as the Internet. The NBG-460N supports only one PPTP server connection at any given time. To configure a PPTP client, you must configure the User Name and Password fields for a PPP connection and the PPTP parameters for a PPTP connection.User Name Type the user name given to you by your ISP.
Chapter 8 WANNBG-460N User’s Guide124Password Type the password associated with the User Name above.Retype to Confirm Type your password again to make sure that you have entered is correctly. Nailed-up Connection Select Nailed-Up Connection if you do not want the connection to time out.Idle Timeout This value specifies the time in seconds that elapses before the NBG-460N automatically disconnects from the PPTP server.PPTP ConfigurationServer IP Address Type the IP address of the PPTP server.Connection ID/Name Type your identification name for the PPTP server.Get automatically from ISP Select this option If your ISP did not assign you a fixed IP address. This is the default selection. Use Fixed IP Address Select this option If the ISP assigned a fixed IP address. My IP Address Type the (static) IP address assigned to you by your ISP.My IP Subnet Mask Your NBG-460N will automatically calculate the subnet mask based on the IP address that you assign. Unless you are implementing subnetting, use the subnet mask computed by the NBG-460N.WAN IP Address Assignment Get automatically from ISP Select this option If your ISP did not assign you a fixed IP address. This is the default selection. Use Fixed IP Address Select this option If the ISP assigned a fixed IP address. My WAN IP Address Enter your WAN IP address in this field if you selected Use Fixed IP Address.DNS ServersFirst DNS ServerSecond DNS ServerThird DNS Server Select From ISP if your ISP dynamically assigns DNS server information (and the NBG-460N's WAN IP address). The field to the right displays the (read-only) DNS server IP address that the ISP assigns. Select User-Defined if you have the IP address of a DNS server. Enter the DNS server's IP address in the field to the right. If you chose User-Defined,but leave the IP address set to 0.0.0.0, User-Defined changes to None after you click Apply. If you set a second choice to User-Defined, and enter the same IP address, the second User-Defined changes to None after you click Apply.Select None if you do not want to configure DNS servers. If you do not configure a DNS server, you must know the IP address of a computer in order to access it.WAN MAC Address The MAC address section allows users to configure the WAN port's MAC address by either using the NBG-460N’s MAC address, copying the MAC address from a computer on your LAN or manually entering a MAC address. Factory default Select Factory default to use the factory assigned default MAC Address.Clone the computer’s MAC address Select Clone the computer's MAC address - IP Address and enter the IP address of the computer on the LAN whose MAC you are cloning. Once it is successfully configured, the address will be copied to the rom file (ZyNOS configuration file). It will not change unless you change the setting or upload a different ROM file. Set WAN MAC Address Select this option and enter the MAC address you want to use.Apply Click Apply to save your changes back to the NBG-460N.Reset Click Reset to begin configuring this screen afresh.Table 45 Network > WAN > Internet Connection: PPTP EncapsulationLABEL DESCRIPTION
Chapter 8 WANNBG-460N User’s Guide 1258.5 Advanced WAN ScreenTo change your NBG-460N’s advanced WAN settings, click Network > WAN > Advanced.The screen appears as shown.Figure 81 Network > WAN > Advanced The following table describes the labels in this screen.Table 46 WAN > AdvancedLABEL DESCRIPTIONMulticast SetupMulticast Select IGMP V-1,IGMP V-2 or None. IGMP (Internet Group Multicast Protocol) is a network-layer protocol used to establish membership in a Multicast group - it is not used to carry user data. IGMP version 2 (RFC 2236) is an improvement over version 1 (RFC 1112) but IGMP version 1 is still in wide use. If you would like to read more detailed information about interoperability between IGMP version 2 and version 1, please see sections 4 and 5 of RFC 2236.Windows Networking (NetBIOS over TCP/IP): NetBIOS (Network Basic Input/Output System) are TCP or UDP broadcast packets that enable a computer to connect to and communicate with a LAN. For some dial-up services such as PPPoE or PPTP, NetBIOS packets cause unwanted calls. However it may sometimes be necessary to allow NetBIOS packets to pass through to the WAN in order to find a computer on the WAN.Allow between LAN and WAN Select this check box to forward NetBIOS packets from the LAN to the WAN and from the WAN to the LAN. If your firewall is enabled with the default policy set to block WAN to LAN traffic, you also need to enable the default WAN to LAN firewall rule that forwards NetBIOS traffic.Clear this check box to block all NetBIOS packets going from the LAN to the WAN and from the WAN to the LAN.Allow Trigger Dial Select this option to allow NetBIOS packets to initiate calls.
Chapter 8 WANNBG-460N User’s Guide126Enable Auto-bridge mode Select this option to have the NBG-460N switch to bridge mode automatically when the NBG-460N gets a WAN IP address in the range of 192.168.x.y (where x and y are from zero to nine) no matter what the LAN IP address is. This might happen if you put the NBG-460N behind a NAT router that assigns it this IP address. When the NBG-460N is in bridge mode, the NBG-460N acts as an AP and all the interfaces (LAN, WAN and WLAN) are bridged. In this mode, your NAT, DHCP server, firewall and bandwidth management (rules) on the NBG-460N are not available. You do not have to reconfigure them if you return to router mode.Note: The NBG-460N automatically turns back to Router Modewhen the NBG-460N gets a WAN IP address that is not in the 192.168.x.y range.Auto-bridging only works under the following conditions:• The WAN IP must be 192.168.x.y (where x and y must be from zero to nine). If the LAN IP address and the WAN IP address are in the same subnet but x or y is greater than nine, the device operates in router mode (with firewall and bandwidth management available).• The device must be in Router Mode (see Chapter 24 on page 259 for more information) for auto-bridging to become active.Apply Click Apply to save your changes back to the NBG-460N.Reset Click Reset to begin configuring this screen afresh.Table 46 WAN > AdvancedLABEL DESCRIPTION
NBG-460N User’s Guide 127CHAPTER 9 LANThis chapter describes how to configure LAN settings.9.1 LAN OverviewA Local Area Network (LAN) is a shared communication system to which many computers are attached. A LAN is a computer network limited to the immediate area, usually the same building or floor of a building. The LAN screens can help you configure a LAN DHCP server, manage IP addresses, and partition your physical network into logical networks.9.1.1 IP Pool SetupThe NBG-460N is pre-configured with a pool of 32 IP addresses starting from 192.168.1.33 to 192.168.1.64. This configuration leaves 31 IP addresses (excluding the NBG-460N itself) in the lower range (192.168.1.2 to 192.168.1.32) for other server computers, for instance, servers for mail, FTP, TFTP, web, etc., that you may have.9.1.2 System DNS ServersRefer to the IP address and subnet mask section in the Connection Wizard chapter.9.2 LAN TCP/IP The NBG-460N has built-in DHCP server capability that assigns IP addresses and DNS servers to systems that support DHCP client capability.9.2.1 Factory LAN DefaultsThe LAN parameters of the NBG-460N are preset in the factory with the following values:• IP address of 192.168.1.1 with subnet mask of 255.255.255.0 (24 bits)• DHCP server enabled with 32 client IP addresses starting from 192.168.1.33. These parameters should work for the majority of installations. If your ISP gives you explicit DNS server address(es), read the embedded web configurator help regarding what fields need to be configured.
Chapter 9 LANNBG-460N User’s Guide1289.2.2 IP Address and Subnet MaskRefer to the IP address and subnet mask section in the Connection Wizard chapter for this information.9.2.3 MulticastTraditionally, IP packets are transmitted in one of either two ways - Unicast (1 sender - 1 recipient) or Broadcast (1 sender - everybody on the network). Multicast delivers IP packets to a group of hosts on the network - not everybody and not just 1. IGMP (Internet Group Management Protocol) is a network-layer protocol used to establish membership in a Multicast group - it is not used to carry user data. IGMP version 2 (RFC 2236) is an improvement over version 1 (RFC 1112) but IGMP version 1 is still in wide use. If you would like to read more detailed information about interoperability between IGMP version 2 and version 1, please see sections 4 and 5 of RFC 2236. The class D IP address is used to identify host groups and can be in the range 224.0.0.0 to 239.255.255.255. The address 224.0.0.0 is not assigned to any group and is used by IP multicast computers. The address 224.0.0.1 is used for query messages and is assigned to the permanent group of all IP hosts (including gateways). All hosts must join the 224.0.0.1 group in order to participate in IGMP. The address 224.0.0.2 is assigned to the multicast routers group. The NBG-460N supports both IGMP version 1 (IGMP-v1) and IGMP version 2 (IGMP-v2).At start up, the NBG-460N queries all directly connected networks to gather group membership. After that, the NBG-460N periodically updates this information. IP multicasting can be enabled/disabled on the NBG-460N LAN and/or WAN interfaces in the web configurator (LAN; WAN). Select None to disable IP multicasting on these interfaces.9.2.4 Any IPTraditionally, you must set the IP addresses and the subnet masks of a computer and the NBG-460N to be in the same subnet to allow the computer to access the Internet (through the NBG-460N). In cases where your computer is required to use a static IP address in another network, you may need to manually configure the network settings of the computer every time you want to access the Internet via the NBG-460N.With the Any IP feature and NAT enabled, the NBG-460N allows a computer to access the Internet without changing the network settings (such as IP address and subnet mask) of the computer, when the IP addresses of the computer and the NBG-460N are not in the same subnet. Whether a computer is set to use a dynamic or static (fixed) IP address, you can simply connect the computer to the NBG-460N and access the Internet.The following figure depicts a scenario where a computer is set to use a static private IP address in the corporate environment. In a residential house where a NBG-460N is installed, you can still use the computer to access the Internet without changing the network settings, even when the IP addresses of the computer and the NBG-460N are not in the same subnet.
Chapter 9 LANNBG-460N User’s Guide 129Figure 82 Any IP ExampleThe Any IP feature does not apply to a computer using either a dynamic IP address or a static IP address that is in the same subnet as the NBG-460N’s IP address."You must enable NAT to use the Any IP feature on the NBG-460N. Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) is a protocol for mapping an Internet Protocol address (IP address) to a physical machine address, also known as a Media Access Control or MAC address, on the local area network. IP routing table is defined on IP Ethernet devices (the NBG-460N) to decide which hop to use, to help forward data along to its specified destination.The following lists out the steps taken, when a computer tries to access the Internet for the first time through the NBG-460N.1When a computer (which is in a different subnet) first attempts to access the Internet, it sends packets to its default gateway (which is not the NBG-460N) by looking at the MAC address in its ARP table. 2When the computer cannot locate the default gateway, an ARP request is broadcast on the LAN. 3The NBG-460N receives the ARP request and replies to the computer with its own MAC address. 4The computer updates the MAC address for the default gateway to the ARP table. Once the ARP table is updated, the computer is able to access the Internet through the NBG-460N. 5When the NBG-460N receives packets from the computer, it creates an entry in the IP routing table so it can properly forward packets intended for the computer. After all the routing information is updated, the computer can access the NBG-460N and the Internet as if it is in the same subnet as the NBG-460N.
Chapter 9 LANNBG-460N User’s Guide1309.3 LAN IP ScreenUse this screen to change your basic LAN settings. Click Network > LAN.Figure 83 Network > LAN > IP The following table describes the labels in this screen.9.4 LAN IP Alias IP alias allows you to partition a physical network into different logical networks over the same Ethernet interface. The NBG-460N supports three logical LAN interfaces via its single physical Ethernet interface with the NBG-460N itself as the gateway for each LAN network.To change your NBG-460N’s IP alias settings, click Network > LAN > IP Alias. The screen appears as shown.Table 47 Network > LAN > IPLABEL DESCRIPTIONLAN TCP/IPIP Address Type the IP address of your NBG-460N in dotted decimal notation 192.168.1.1 (factory default).IP Subnet Mask The subnet mask specifies the network number portion of an IP address. Your NBG-460N will automatically calculate the subnet mask based on the IP address that you assign. Unless you are implementing subnetting, use the subnet mask computed by the NBG-460N.Apply Click Apply to save your changes back to the NBG-460N.Reset Click Reset to begin configuring this screen afresh.
Chapter 9 LANNBG-460N User’s Guide 131Figure 84 Network > LAN > IP AliasThe following table describes the labels in this screen.9.5 Advanced LAN ScreenTo change your NBG-460N’s advanced IP settings, click Network > LAN > Advanced. The screen appears as shown.Figure 85 Network > LAN > Advanced Table 48 Network > LAN > IP AliasLABEL DESCRIPTIONIP Alias 1,2 Select the check box to configure another LAN network for the NBG-460N.IP Address Enter the IP address of your NBG-460N in dotted decimal notation. IP Subnet Mask Your NBG-460N will automatically calculate the subnet mask based on the IP address that you assign. Unless you are implementing subnetting, use the subnet mask computed by the NBG-460N.Apply Click Apply to save your changes back to the NBG-460N.Reset Click Reset to begin configuring this screen afresh.
Chapter 9 LANNBG-460N User’s Guide132The following table describes the labels in this screen.Table 49 Network > LAN > AdvancedLABEL DESCRIPTIONMulticast Select IGMP V-1 or IGMP V-2 or None. IGMP (Internet Group Multicast Protocol) is a network-layer protocol used to establish membership in a Multicast group - it is not used to carry user data. IGMP version 2 (RFC 2236) is an improvement over version 1 (RFC 1112) but IGMP version 1 is still in wide use. If you would like to read more detailed information about interoperability between IGMP version 2 and version 1, please see sections 4 and 5 of RFC 2236.Any IP SetupActive Select this if you want to let computers on different subnets use the NBG-460N.Windows Networking (NetBIOS over TCP/IP): NetBIOS (Network Basic Input/Output System) are TCP or UDP broadcast packets that enable a computer to connect to and communicate with a LAN. For some dial-up services such as PPPoE or PPTP, NetBIOS packets cause unwanted calls. However it may sometimes be necessary to allow NetBIOS packets to pass through to the WAN in order to find a computer on the WAN.Allow between LAN and WAN Select this check box to forward NetBIOS packets from the LAN to the WAN and from the WAN to the LAN. If your firewall is enabled with the default policy set to block WAN to LAN traffic, you also need to enable the default WAN to LAN firewall rule that forwards NetBIOS traffic.Clear this check box to block all NetBIOS packets going from the LAN to the WAN and from the WAN to the LAN.Apply Click Apply to save your changes back to the NBG-460N.Reset Click Reset to begin configuring this screen afresh.
NBG-460N User’s Guide 133CHAPTER 10DHCP10.1 DHCPDHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol, RFC 2131 and RFC 2132) allows individual clients to obtain TCP/IP configuration at start-up from a server. You can configure the NBG-460N’s LAN as a DHCP server or disable it. When configured as a server, the NBG-460N provides the TCP/IP configuration for the clients. If DHCP service is disabled, you must have another DHCP server on your LAN, or else the computer must be manually configured.10.2 DHCP General ScreenClick Network > DHCP. The following screen displays.Figure 86 Network > DHCP > General The following table describes the labels in this screen.Table 50 Network > DHCP > General LABEL DESCRIPTIONLAN DHCP SetupEnable DHCP Server Enable or Disable DHCP for LAN.DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol, RFC 2131 and RFC 2132) allows individual clients (computers) to obtain TCP/IP configuration at startup from a server. Leave the Enable DHCP Server check box selected unless your ISP instructs you to do otherwise. Clear it to disable the NBG-460N acting as a DHCP server. When configured as a server, the NBG-460N provides TCP/IP configuration for the clients. If not, DHCP service is disabled and you must have another DHCP server on your LAN, or else the computers must be manually configured. When set as a server, fill in the following four fields.IP Pool Starting Address This field specifies the first of the contiguous addresses in the IP address pool for LAN.Pool Size This field specifies the size, or count of the IP address pool for LAN.
Chapter 10 DHCPNBG-460N User’s Guide13410.3 DHCP Advanced ScreenThis screen allows you to assign IP addresses on the LAN to specific individual computers based on their MAC addresses. You can also use this screen to configure the DNS server information that the NBG-460N sends to the DHCP clients.Every Ethernet device has a unique MAC (Media Access Control) address. The MAC address is assigned at the factory and consists of six pairs of hexadecimal characters, for example, 00:A0:C5:00:00:02.To change your NBG-460N’s static DHCP settings, click Network > DHCP > Advanced.The following screen displays.Figure 87 Network > DHCP > Advanced The following table describes the labels in this screen.Apply Click Apply to save your changes back to the NBG-460N.Reset Click Reset to begin configuring this screen afresh.Table 50 Network > DHCP > General LABEL DESCRIPTIONTable 51 Network > DHCP > AdvancedLABEL DESCRIPTIONStatic DHCP Table# This is the index number of the static IP table entry (row).MAC Address Type the MAC address (with colons) of a computer on your LAN.IP Address Type the LAN IP address of a computer on your LAN.
Chapter 10 DHCPNBG-460N User’s Guide 13510.4 Client List ScreenThe DHCP table shows current DHCP client information (including IP Address,Host Nameand MAC Address) of network clients using the NBG-460N’s DHCP servers.Configure this screen to always assign an IP address to a MAC address (and host name). Click Network > DHCP Server > Client List."You can also view a read-only client list by clicking the DHCP Table (Details...) hyperlink in the Status screen.The following screen displays.DNS ServerDNS Servers Assigned by DHCP Server The NBG-460N passes a DNS (Domain Name System) server IP address (in the order you specify here) to the DHCP clients. The NBG-460N only passes this information to the LAN DHCP clients when you select the Enable DHCP Servercheck box. When you clear the Enable DHCP Server check box, DHCP service is disabled and you must have another DHCP sever on your LAN, or else the computers must have their DNS server addresses manually configured.First DNS ServerSecond DNS ServerThird DNS Server Select From ISP if your ISP dynamically assigns DNS server information (and the NBG-460N's WAN IP address). The field to the right displays the (read-only) DNS server IP address that the ISP assigns. Select User-Defined if you have the IP address of a DNS server. Enter the DNS server's IP address in the field to the right. If you chose User-Defined, but leave the IP address set to 0.0.0.0, User-Defined changes to None after you click Apply. If you set a second choice to User-Defined, and enter the same IP address, the second User-Defined changes to None after you click Apply.Select DNS Relay to have the NBG-460N act as a DNS proxy. The NBG-460N's LAN IP address displays in the field to the right (read-only). The NBG-460N tells the DHCP clients on the LAN that the NBG-460N itself is the DNS server. When a computer on the LAN sends a DNS query to the NBG-460N, the NBG-460N forwards the query to the NBG-460N's system DNS server (configured in the WAN > Internet Connection screen) and relays the response back to the computer. You can only select DNS Relay for one of the three servers; if you select DNS Relay for a second or third DNS server, that choice changes to None after you click Apply.Select None if you do not want to configure DNS servers. If you do not configure a DNS server, you must know the IP address of a computer in order to access it.Apply Click Apply to save your changes back to the NBG-460N.Reset Click Reset to begin configuring this screen afresh.Table 51 Network > DHCP > AdvancedLABEL DESCRIPTION
Chapter 10 DHCPNBG-460N User’s Guide136Figure 88 Network > DHCP > Client List The following table describes the labels in this screen.Table 52 Network > DHCP > Client List LABEL DESCRIPTION# This is the index number of the host computer. IP Address This field displays the IP address relative to the # field listed above.Host Name This field displays the computer host name.MAC Address The MAC (Media Access Control) or Ethernet address on a LAN (Local Area Network) is unique to your computer (six pairs of hexadecimal notation).A network interface card such as an Ethernet adapter has a hardwired address that is assigned at the factory. This address follows an industry standard that ensures no other adapter has a similar address.Reserve Select this check box in the DHCP Setup section to have the NBG-460N always assign the IP address(es) to the MAC address(es) (and host name(s)). After you click Apply, the MAC address and IP address also display in the Advanced screen (where you can edit them).Apply Click Apply to save your settings.Refresh Click Refresh to reload the DHCP table.
NBG-460N User’s Guide 137CHAPTER 11Network Address Translation(NAT)This chapter discusses how to configure NAT on the NBG-460N.11.1 NAT OverviewNAT (Network Address Translation - NAT, RFC 1631) is the translation of the IP address of a host in a packet. For example, the source address of an outgoing packet, used within one network is changed to a different IP address known within another network.11.2 Using NAT"You must create a firewall rule in addition to setting up NAT, to allow traffic from the WAN to be forwarded through the NBG-460N.11.2.1 Port Forwarding: Services and Port NumbersA port forwarding set is a list of inside (behind NAT on the LAN) servers, for example, web or FTP, that you can make accessible to the outside world even though NAT makes your whole inside network appear as a single machine to the outside world. Use the Application screen to forward incoming service requests to the server(s) on your local network. You may enter a single port number or a range of port numbers to be forwarded, and the local IP address of the desired server. The port number identifies a service; for example, web service is on port 80 and FTP on port 21. In some cases, such as for unknown services or where one server can support more than one service (for example both FTP and web service), it might be better to specify a range of port numbers.In addition to the servers for specified services, NAT supports a default server. A service request that does not have a server explicitly designated for it is forwarded to the default server. If the default is not defined, the service request is simply discarded.
Chapter 11 Network Address Translation (NAT)NBG-460N User’s Guide138"Many residential broadband ISP accounts do not allow you to run any server processes (such as a Web or FTP server) from your location. Your ISP may periodically check for servers and may suspend your account if it discovers any active services at your location. If you are unsure, refer to your ISP.11.2.2 Configuring Servers Behind Port Forwarding ExampleLet's say you want to assign ports 21-25 to one FTP, Telnet and SMTP server (A in the example), port 80 to another (B in the example) and assign a default server IP address of 192.168.1.35 to a third (C in the example). You assign the LAN IP addresses and the ISP assigns the WAN IP address. The NAT network appears as a single host on the Internet.Figure 89 Multiple Servers Behind NAT Example11.3 General NAT ScreenClick Network > NAT to open the General screen.Figure 90 Network > NAT > General
Chapter 11 Network Address Translation (NAT)NBG-460N User’s Guide 139The following table describes the labels in this screen.11.4 NAT Application ScreenPort forwarding allows you to define the local servers to which the incoming services will be forwarded. To change your NBG-460N’s port forwarding settings, click Network > NAT > Application. The screen appears as shown."If you do not assign a Default Server IP address in the NAT > Generalscreen, the NBG-460N discards all packets received for ports that are not specified in this screen or remote management.Refer to Appendix F on page 321 for port numbers commonly used for particular services.Table 53 Network > NAT > GeneralLABEL DESCRIPTIONEnable Network Address TranslationNetwork Address Translation (NAT) allows the translation of an Internet protocol address used within one network (for example a private IP address used in a local network) to a different IP address known within another network (for example a public IP address used on the Internet). Select the check box to enable NAT.Default Server SetupServer IP Address In addition to the servers for specified services, NAT supports a default server. A default server receives packets from ports that are not specified in the Applicationscreen.If you do not assign a Default Server IP address, the NBG-460N discards all packets received for ports that are not specified in the Application screen or remote management.Wake up this target by Wake On LANSelect this to use WoL (Wake On LAN) to turn on the server specified in the Server IP Address field when packets are received on ports not specified in the Application screen. Note: For more information on Wake On LAN see Section 22.4 on page 255.Apply Click Apply to save your changes back to the NBG-460N.Reset Click Reset to begin configuring this screen afresh.
Chapter 11 Network Address Translation (NAT)NBG-460N User’s Guide140Figure 91 Network > NAT > Application The following table describes the labels in this screen.Table 54 NAT ApplicationLABEL DESCRIPTIONGame List Update A game list includes the pre-defined service name(s) and port number(s). You can edit and upload it to the NBG-460N to replace the existing entries in the second field next to Service Name.File Path Type in the location of the file you want to upload in this field or click Browse... to find it.Browse... Click Browse... to find the.txt file you want to upload. Remember that you must decompress compressed (.zip) files before you can upload them. Update Click Update to begin the upload process. This process may take up to two minutes.Add Application RuleActive Select the check box to enable this rule and the requested service can be forwarded to the host with a specified internal IP address.Clear the checkbox to disallow forwarding of these ports to an inside server without having to delete the entry. Service Name Type a name (of up to 31 printable characters) to identify this rule in the first field next to Service Name. Otherwise, select a predefined service in the second field next to Service Name. The predefined service name and port number(s) will display in the Service Name and Port fields.
Chapter 11 Network Address Translation (NAT)NBG-460N User’s Guide 14111.4.1 Game List ExampleHere is an example game list text file. The index number, service name and associated port(s) are specified by semi-colons (no spaces). Use the name=xxx (where xxx is the service name) to create a new service. Port range can be separated with a hyphen (-) (no spaces). Multiple (non-consecutive) ports can be separated by commas.Port Type a port number(s) to be forwarded.To specify a range of ports, enter a hyphen (-) between the first port and the last port, such as 10-20.To specify two or more non-consecutive port numbers, separate them by a comma without spaces, such as 123,567.Server IP Address Type the inside IP address of the server that receives packets from the port(s) specified in the Port field.Wake up this target by Wake On LANSelect this to use WoL (Wake On LAN) to turn on the server specified in the IPaddress field when packets are received on the ports specified in the Port field. Note: For more information on Wake On LAN see Section 22.4 on page 255.Apply Click Apply to save your changes to the Application Rules Summary table.Reset Click Reset to not save and return your new changes in the Service Name and Port fields to the previous one.Application Rules Summary#This is the number of an individual port forwarding server entry.Active This icon is turned on when the rule is enabled. Name This field displays a name to identify this rule.Port This field displays the port number(s). Server IP Address This field displays the inside IP address of the server.Wake On LAN This field displays No when Wake On LAN is disabled and Yes when Wake On LAN is enabled.Modify Click the Edit icon to display and modify an existing rule setting in the fields under Add Application Rule.Click the Remove icon to delete a rule.Table 54 NAT Application (continued)LABEL DESCRIPTION
Chapter 11 Network Address Translation (NAT)NBG-460N User’s Guide142Figure 92 Game List Example11.5 Trigger Port Forwarding Some services use a dedicated range of ports on the client side and a dedicated range of ports on the server side. With regular port forwarding you set a forwarding port in NAT to forward a service (coming in from the server on the WAN) to the IP address of a computer on the client side (LAN). The problem is that port forwarding only forwards a service to a single LAN IP address. In order to use the same service on a different LAN computer, you have to manually replace the LAN computer's IP address in the forwarding port with another LAN computer's IP address. Trigger port forwarding solves this problem by allowing computers on the LAN to dynamically take turns using the service. The NBG-460N records the IP address of a LAN computer that sends traffic to the WAN to request a service with a specific port number and protocol (a "trigger" port). When the NBG-460N's WAN port receives a response with a specific port number and protocol ("incoming" port), the NBG-460N forwards the traffic to the LAN IP address of the computer that sent the request. After that computer’s connection for that service closes, another computer on the LAN can use the service in the same manner. This way you do not need to configure a new IP address each time you want a different LAN computer to use the application.11.5.1 Trigger Port Forwarding Example The following is an example of trigger port forwarding.version=11;name=Battlefield 1942;port=14567,22000,23000-23009,27900,289002;name=Call of Duty;port=289603;name=Civilization IV;port=20564;name=Diablo I and II;port=6112-6119,40005;name=Doom 3;port=276666;name=F.E.A.R;port=278887;name=Final Fantasy XI;port=25,80,110,443,50000-655358;name=Guild Wars;port=6112,809;name=Half Life;port=6003,7002,27005,27010,27011,2701510;name=Jedi Knight III: Jedi Academy;port=28060-28062,28070-2808111;name=Need for Speed: Hot Pursuit 2;port=1230,8511-8512,27900,28900,61200-6123012;name=Neverwinter Nights;port=5120-5300,6500,27900,2890013;name=Quake 2;port=2791014;name=Quake 3;port=27660,2796015;name=Rainbow Six 3: Raven Shield;port=7777-7787,8777-878716;name=Serious Sam II;port=25600-2560517;name=Silent Hunter III;port=17997-1800318;name=Soldier of Fortune II;port=20100-2011219;name=Starcraft;port=6112-6119,400020;name=Star Trek: Elite Force II;port=29250,2925621;name=SWAT 4;port=10480-1048322;name=Warcraft II and III;port=6112-6119,400023;name=World of Warcraft;port=3724
Chapter 11 Network Address Translation (NAT)NBG-460N User’s Guide 143Figure 93 Trigger Port Forwarding Process: Example1Jane requests a file from the Real Audio server (port 7070).2Port 7070 is a “trigger” port and causes the NBG-460N to record Jane’s computer IP address. The NBG-460N associates Jane's computer IP address with the "incoming" port range of 6970-7170.3The Real Audio server responds using a port number ranging between 6970-7170.4The NBG-460N forwards the traffic to Jane’s computer IP address. 5Only Jane can connect to the Real Audio server until the connection is closed or times out. The NBG-460N times out in three minutes with UDP (User Datagram Protocol), or two hours with TCP/IP (Transfer Control Protocol/Internet Protocol). 11.5.2 Two Points To Remember About Trigger Ports1Trigger events only happen on data that is going coming from inside the NBG-460N and going to the outside.2If an application needs a continuous data stream, that port (range) will be tied up so that another computer on the LAN can’t trigger it.11.6 NAT Advanced ScreenTo change your NBG-460N’s trigger port settings, click Network > NAT > Advanced. The screen appears as shown."Only one LAN computer can use a trigger port (range) at a time.
Chapter 11 Network Address Translation (NAT)NBG-460N User’s Guide144Figure 94 Network > NAT > Advanced The following table describes the labels in this screen.Table 55 Network > NAT > AdvancedLABEL DESCRIPTIONMax NAT/Firewall Session Per User Type a number ranging from 1 to 2048 to limit the number of NAT/firewall sessions that a host can create.When computers use peer to peer applications, such as file sharing applications, they may use a large number of NAT sessions. If you do not limit the number of NAT sessions a single client can establish, this can result in all of the available NAT sessions being used. In this case, no additional NAT sessions can be established, and users may not be able to access the Internet. Each NAT session establishes a corresponding firewall session. Use this field to limit the number of NAT/firewall sessions each client computer can establish through the NBG-460N. If your network has a small number of clients using peer to peer applications, you can raise this number to ensure that their performance is not degraded by the number of NAT sessions they can establish. If your network has a large number of users using peer to peer applications, you can lower this number to ensure no single client is using all of the available NAT sessions.Port Triggering Rules#This is the rule index number (read-only).Name Type a unique name (up to 15 characters) for identification purposes. All characters are permitted - including spaces.
Chapter 11 Network Address Translation (NAT)NBG-460N User’s Guide 145Incoming Incoming is a port (or a range of ports) that a server on the WAN uses when it sends out a particular service. The NBG-460N forwards the traffic with this port (or range of ports) to the client computer on the LAN that requested the service. Start Port Type a port number or the starting port number in a range of port numbers.End Port Type a port number or the ending port number in a range of port numbers.Trigger The trigger port is a port (or a range of ports) that causes (or triggers) the NBG-460N to record the IP address of the LAN computer that sent the traffic to a server on the WAN.Start Port Type a port number or the starting port number in a range of port numbers.End Port Type a port number or the ending port number in a range of port numbers.Apply Click Apply to save your changes back to the NBG-460N.Reset Click Reset to begin configuring this screen afresh.Table 55 Network > NAT > AdvancedLABEL DESCRIPTION
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NBG-460N User’s Guide 147CHAPTER 12Dynamic DNS12.1 Dynamic DNS Introduction Dynamic DNS allows you to update your current dynamic IP address with one or many dynamic DNS services so that anyone can contact you (in NetMeeting, CU-SeeMe, etc.). You can also access your FTP server or Web site on your own computer using a domain name (for instance myhost.dhs.org, where myhost is a name of your choice) that will never change instead of using an IP address that changes each time you reconnect. Your friends or relatives will always be able to call you even if they don't know your IP address.First of all, you need to have registered a dynamic DNS account with www.dyndns.org. This is for people with a dynamic IP from their ISP or DHCP server that would still like to have a domain name. The Dynamic DNS service provider will give you a password or key.12.1.1 DynDNS Wildcard Enabling the wildcard feature for your host causes *.yourhost.dyndns.org to be aliased to the same IP address as yourhost.dyndns.org. This feature is useful if you want to be able to use, for example, www.yourhost.dyndns.org and still reach your hostname."If you have a private WAN IP address, then you cannot use Dynamic DNS.12.2 Dynamic DNS ScreenTo change your NBG-460N’s DDNS, click Network > DDNS. The screen appears as shown.
Chapter 12 Dynamic DNSNBG-460N User’s Guide148Figure 95 Dynamic DNSThe following table describes the labels in this screen.Table 56 Dynamic DNSLABEL DESCRIPTIONEnable Dynamic DNS Select this check box to use dynamic DNS.Service Provider Select the name of your Dynamic DNS service provider.Dynamic DNS Type Select the type of service that you are registered for from your Dynamic DNS service provider.Host Name Enter a host names in the field provided. You can specify up to two host names in the field separated by a comma (",").User Name Enter your user name.Password Enter the password assigned to you.Token Enter your client authorization key provided by the server to update DynDNS records.This field is configurable only when you select WWW.REGFISH.COM in the Service Provider field.Enable Wildcard Option Select the check box to enable DynDNS Wildcard.Enable off line option This option is available when CustomDNS is selected in the DDNS Type field. Check with your Dynamic DNS service provider to have traffic redirected to a URL (that you can specify) while you are off line.IP Address Update Policy:Use WAN IP Address Select this option to update the IP address of the host name(s) to the WAN IP address.Dynamic DNS server auto detect IP Address Select this option to update the IP address of the host name(s) automatically by the DDNS server. It is recommended that you select this option.Use specified IP Address Type the IP address of the host name(s). Use this if you have a static IP address.
Chapter 12 Dynamic DNSNBG-460N User’s Guide 149Apply Click Apply to save your changes back to the NBG-460N.Reset Click Reset to begin configuring this screen afresh.Table 56 Dynamic DNSLABEL DESCRIPTION
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