Wi Lan EB01 Wireless Ethernet Bridge User Manual Hopper 120 24
Wi Lan Inc Wireless Ethernet Bridge Hopper 120 24
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Users Manual with RF safety statement
Hopper Plus 120-24 Wireless Ethernet Bridge Installation and Configuration Guide Version 1.0 Rev B 08/00 Contents Notices ..................................................................................... v Copyright Notice ........................................................................................ v Regulatory Notice ...................................................................................... v Other Notices ............................................................................................ vi Contacting Wi-LAN ................................................................................... vi Contacting Customer Support vi Description .............................................................................. 1 Hopper Plus 120-24 Wireless Ethernet Bridge .......................................... 1 Making a Wireless Bridge Creating a Wireless Network About Hopper Plus Units Hardware Description ................................................................................ 3 Shipping Package Contents Hopper Plus 120-24 Unit Hopper Plus 120-24 Specifications ............................................................ 6 Installation ............................................................................... 9 Basic Installation Steps .............................................................................. 9 Configuring a Unit as a Base ................................................................... 10 Testing Basic Operation .......................................................................... 11 Performing a Bench Test Performing a Simple Network Test 11 13 Configuration ........................................................................ 15 Accessing the Main Menu ........................................................................ 16 Accessing Main Menu with MANAGEMENT Port Accessing Units via telnet Setting VT100 Arrows 16 17 18 Configuring with the Main Menu .............................................................. 19 Unit Identification ..................................................................................... 20 Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 Viewing Unit Identification Setting Unit Identification 20 21 Hardware/Software Revision ................................................................... 23 Viewing System Revision Information 23 System Software ROM Images ............................................................... 24 Viewing System Software ROM Images 24 Current System Status ............................................................................ 25 Viewing Current System Status 25 IP Network Configuration ........................................................................ 26 Setting the Internet IP Address and Subnet Mask Setting the Default Gateway IP Address Setting the SNMP NMS Trap IP Address 26 27 28 IP Filter Configuration .............................................................................. 29 RF Station Configuration ......................................................................... 32 Setting Test Mode Time Setting the Operating Mode Setting the RF Transmit Status Setting the Link Monitor Period Setting Maximum Remote Distance (Base Station Only) Setting Link Monitor Remote Station Rank (Base Station Only) Setting Throttling (Remote Station Only) 32 33 35 36 37 38 40 Radio Module Configuration .................................................................... 41 Setting the Station Type Setting the Station Rank Setting the Center Frequency Setting Security Passwords Setting the Scrambling Code Setting the Acquisition Code Setting Config Test Minutes Setting Repeater Mode (Base Station Only) Setting System Symmetry Type (Base Station Only) Setting Dynamic Polling Level (Base Station Only) Setting Remote Unit RF Group Rebooting and Saving RF Configurations 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 RF/Ethernet Statistics .............................................................................. 55 Viewing RF/Ethernet Statistics 55 System Security ...................................................................................... 58 Setting Community Names Setting Login Passwords Setting Remote Access Setting the Automatic Timeout 58 59 60 61 System Commands ................................................................................. 62 Setting Default System Image Setting the Reboot System Image Rebooting the Current Image Restoring Configurations ii 62 63 63 64 Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 Resetting the RF/Ethernet Statistics 64 Link Monitor Display ................................................................................. 66 Viewing Link Monitor Statistics 66 Logout ...................................................................................................... 67 Logging Out 67 Setting Operating Mode with the MODE Button ...................................... 68 Using the MODE Button 68 Command Line Interface ......................................................................... 70 Using Basic Commands 70 Appendix A: Planning Your Wireless Link ......................... 71 Planning the Physical Layout ................................................................... 71 Measuring the Physical Distance Between Units Determining Antenna Requirements Determining Cable Requirements Calculating Fade Margins Determining Environmental Requirements 71 71 72 72 72 Optimizing the RF Link ............................................................................. 72 Overview Working with System Gain Calculating EIRP (Effective Isotropically Radiated Power) Optimizing Antenna Gain Calculating Propagation Loss Working with the Fresnel Zone Calculating Cable Loss Calculating Path Loss Working with the Fade Margin 72 74 75 76 76 76 77 78 78 Link Budget Example ............................................................................... 79 Antenna Basics ........................................................................................ 80 Antenna Parameters Implementation Considerations Selecting Antennas Wi-LAN’s Antenna Selection Antenna Installation Factors Minimal Clearance Above Obstructions Installing Antennas Fine-tuning Antennas Co-locating Units 80 81 82 82 82 84 84 85 85 Appendix B: Using HyperTerminal ..................................... 87 Starting HyperTerminal ............................................................................ 87 Determining the Communications Port .................................................... 91 Appendix C: Configuring a Simple Data Network ............. 93 Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 iii Checking the Network Adaptor Installation ............................................. 93 Configuring the Network .......................................................................... 94 Enabling the Sharing Feature on the Hard Disk Drive ............................ 97 Appendix D: SNMP MIB ....................................................... 99 About SNMP MIB .................................................................................... 99 Wi-LAN Object Identifier Nodes ............................................................ 100 Using Object Identifier Nodes ............................................................... 101 Appendix E: Technical Reference Information ................ 111 Front Panel LEDs .................................................................................. 111 Power Connector Pinout ....................................................................... 112 Glossary .............................................................................. 113 Index .................................................................................... 121 iv Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 Notices Copyright Notice Copyright' August 2000 Wi-LAN, Inc. All rights reserved. This guide and the application and hardware described herein are furnished under license and are subject to a confidentiality agreement. The software and hardware can be used only in accordance with the terms and conditions of this agreement. No part of this guide may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means electronic, mechanical, or otherwise, including photocopying and recording without the express written permission of Wi-LAN, Inc. While every effort has been made to ensure that the information contained in this guide is correct, Wi-LAN, Inc. does not warrant the information is free of errors or omissions. Information contained in this guide is subject to change without notice. Regulatory Notice The Hopper Plus 120-24 product presented in this guide complies with the following regulations and/or regulatory bodies: ¥ RSS-210 and/or RSS-139 of Industry Canada ¥ FCC Part 15 ¥ CEPT/ERC Recommendations, ETS 300-328, ETS 300-826, and EN 60950 Operation is subject to the following two conditions: ¥ this device may not cause interference, and ¥ this device must accept any interference, including interference that may cause undesired operation of the device. This equipment generates, uses, and radiates radio frequency and, if not installed and used in accordance with this guide, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. However, there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation. If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or television reception, which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on, the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following methods: ¥ reorient or relocate the receiving antenna, ¥ increase the separation between the equipment and receiver. ¥ connect equipment to an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is connected. Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 Notices ¥ consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for help. ¥ selecting and testing different channels, if employing 2.4 GHz equipment. As the Hopper Plus 120-24 is used on a license-exempt, non-frequency coordinated, unprotected spectrum allocation, and thus can be subject to random unidentified interference, applications must not be those of a primary control where a lack of intercommunication could cause danger to property, process, or person. An alternative fail-safe should be designed into any system to ensure safe operation or shut down, should communication be lost for any reason. Other Notices ¥ ¥ ¥ ¥ ¥ Changes or modifications to the equipment not expressly approved by Wi-LAN, Inc., could void the user s authority to operate the equipment. Appropriately shielded remote I/O serial cable with the metal connector shell and cable shield properly connected to chassis ground shall be used to reduce the radio frequency interference. FCC radio frequency exposure limits may be exceeded at distances closer than 23 centimeters from the antenna of this device. All antenna installation work shall be carried out by a knowledgeable and professional installer. Use only a power adapter approved by Wi-LAN. Contacting Wi-LAN You can contact Wi-LAN applications engineers to help troubleshoot your Wi-LAN products and to plan your wireless network applications. Contacting Customer Support You can contact Wi-LAN customer support at the locations listed below: Canada and USA Call toll free: 1-800-258-6876 Available from: 8:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m. (GMT-7:00) Outside North America Call: +1-403-273-9133 Available from: 8:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m. (GMT-7:00) All locations Send an e-mail message to: techsupport@wi-lan.com You can also contact the Wi-LAN dealer or representative in your region. Phone or email Wi-LAN for information about the dealer in your area. Mailing Address Wi-LAN, Inc. Suite 300, 801 Manning Road N.E. Calgary, Alberta CANADA T2E 8J5 Tel: +1-403-273-9133 vi Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 Description Hopper Plus 120-24 Wireless Ethernet Bridge The Hopper Plus 120-24 is a wireless Ethernet bridge that provides high-speed, wireless connectivity at a fraction of the cost of wired solutions. It uses multi-code direct sequence spread spectrum technology over the license-exempt, 2.4 - 2.4835 GHz ISM radio band. The maximum data rate is 12.0 Mbps. The Hopper Plus 120-24: ¥ provides wireless connectivity at speeds up to eight times faster than regular T1 lines, making the Hopper Plus ideal for providing high-speed Internet access or for wirelessly extending existing communications infrastructures. ¥ supports point-to-point and point-to-multipoint networks. Contentionless polling ensures efficient access to remote data networks. ¥ is self-contained and easy to use. Simply connect a Hopper Plus 120-24 to each LAN segment, and the unit automatically learns where nodes are located on the network and performs dynamic packet filtering to ensure the local LAN traffic does not overload the wireless connection. Making a Wireless Bridge The simplest example of using the Hopper Plus 120-24 is a point-to-point wireless bridge, which requires a minimum of two units: a base unit and a remote unit. The units make a high-speed wireless communication link between two wired network segments. Point-to-Point Wireless Bridge. Wireless Link Main Wired Network Wired Network Router Switch Hub Firewall Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 Remote Base or Repeater Router Hub Switch Firewall Description Creating a Wireless Network You can create a wireless network by adding remotes and taking advantage of the point-tomultipoint capabilities of the Hopper Plus 120-24. Up to 255 remote units can be contained in a wireless network. Point-to-Multipoint Wireless Network Wired Network Router Switch Hub Firewall Remote Main Wired Network Wired Network Router Switch Hub Firewall Base or Repeater Remote Router Hub Switch Firewall Wired Network Router Hub Switch Firewall Remote About Hopper Plus Units Base Station: A Hopper Plus 120-24 can operate as a remote unit or a base station, however, at least one unit in the network must be configured as a base. A base station is the central control unit of the wireless network. The base station polls all remote units and controls how traffic is routed to and from remotes. The base usually connects to a major access point of the wired network. The antenna of the base station must be capable of transmitting and receiving radio signals to and from all the remote units in a system. If remotes are spread over a large area, an omni-directional antenna is usually required. Remote Units: Remote units link wired segments of the network wirelessly to the main network (via the base station). Remotes can limit the amount of data passed by the remote (a function called throttling), and they can filter specific data packets. Because remote units need to communicate only with the base station, their antennas can be more directional and have higher gains than base antennas. Repeaters: A base unit can also be configured as a repeater. A repeater is needed when remote units cannot communicate directly with each other, but direct transfers of data between them are necessary (as in a true WAN). When configured as a repeater, the base station passes data packets between remote stations based on the remote group status and the MAC (Media Access Control) address filter. Remote stations ignore the packets they hear from other remotes, and listen only to the repeated packets from the base. See Setting Repeater Mode (Base Station Only), page 49 for more information. Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 Hardware Description Hardware Description Shipping Package Contents When you receive a Hopper Plus, the shipping package contains the following items: ¥ Hopper Plus 120-24 unit ¥ ¥ ¥ ¥ ¥ ¥ ¥ ¥ ¥ indoor antenna power supply cord AC/DC power adapter straight-through ethernet cable (RJ45) crossover ethernet cable (RJ45) DB9 (M) to DB25 (F) adaptor RS-232 DB9 serial cable Installation and Configuration Guide Warranty Card If any of the above items are not included in the Hopper Plus 120-24 shipping package, contact Wi-LAN customer support immediately. Hopper Plus 120-24 Unit The Hopper Plus 120-24 has connectors and LEDs on the front and back panels. Front Panel RS-232 Management Port Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 LED Indicators Description The the front panel connector and LEDs are described below. The color of a LED indicates its status See Front Panel LEDs, page 111 for detailed information. MANAGEMENT Port An RS-232, DB9 connector used to communicate with a PC. Use this port to configure, test and set up the Hopper Plus. AIR LED Color of LED indicates the status of the wireless link during transmit, receive, or listen. Normal color: Orange. MODE LED Color of LED indicates the test status of the unit when unit is in test mode. Normal color: Off. WIRE LED Color of LED indicates the status of the wire link during transmit, receive, transmit and receive, or listen. Normal color: Green, Red, Orange or Off. POWER LED Shows the status of the unit’s power. Normal color: Green. Connectors for power, antenna and wired network are located on the back panel, as well as a mode button and a link LED. Rear Panel Antenna (TNC) Connector LINK LED Network Port MODE button Power Connector Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 Hardware Description Items located on the back panel are described below: ANTENNA Connector The antenna connector is located at the top left of the rear panel. It is TNC (Threaded N-type Connector) male or female. This port should always be connected to an antenna directly or through a 50 ohm coaxial cable. POWER Connector 3-pin power connector. See Power Connector Pinout, page 112 for detailed pinout illustration. MODE Button The mode button can be used to set the operating mode of a unit without a terminal. See Setting Operating Mode with the MODE Button, page 68 for information about the mode button. 10/100 BASET A standard RJ45 female connector. To connect to a PC Ethernet card, you must use the crossover twisted-pair cable (provided). To connect to a hub, use a straightthrough twisted-pair cable. LINK LED The color of the LED indicates the data rate and status of the twisted-pair connection. Green = 10 BaseT link, functioning properly. Orange = 100 BaseT link, functioning properly. Off = No link. Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 Description Hopper Plus 120-24 Specifications General Specifications Modulation Method: Multi-Code Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum Wireless Data Rate: 12 Mbps RF Frequency Range: 2.4 - 2.4835 MHz (unlicensed ISM band) Number of Center Frequencies: 7 independent, 3 concurrent Power Requirements: 48W @ 12VDC (via 110/240 VAC 50/60 Hz adaptor) Physical Dimensions: 24 x 8 x 21 centimeters (9.5 x 3.2 x 8.3 inches) Radio Specifications Antenna Connector: Reverse TNC TNC Output Power: +18.5 dBm Receiver Sensitivity: – 83 dBm Processing Gain: >10 dB Network Support Packet Format: IEEE 802.3 and Ethernet II (High-level protocol transparent) LAN Connection: 10/100 BaseT (autonegotiates) Bridge Functionality: Local Packet Filtering (self-learning), Static IP address filtering, throttling capability Wireless Networking Protocols Network Topologies: Point-to-Point, Point-to-Multipoint, Multipoint-to-Multipoint Repeater Mode: User Configurable RF Collision Management: Dynamic Polling, with Dynamic Time Allocation Security Data Scrambling: User Configurable Data Security Password: Security password of up to 20 bytes in length (1048 combinations) Configuration, Management, and Diagnostics Configuration Methods: SNMP, Telnet, and RS-232 Management Port Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 Hopper Plus 120-24 Specifications SNMP: Version I compliant (RFC 1157), MIB standard and enterprise (RFC 1213) Management Port Functionality: Supports system configuration, security, access control, wireless LAN diagnostics and management, menu-driven ASCII interface via RS-232 DB-9. Environment Units must be located in a weatherproof environment with an ambient temperature from 0 to 40º Celsius and humidity 0 – 95% non-condensing. Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 Description Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 Installation Basic Installation Steps The following basic steps are required to successfully install your Hopper Plus 120-24 wireless bridge. For detailed information about performing the steps, see the references provided. 1. Plan your network. Before you install any equipment, you need to determine the physical layout of your wireless link, plan antenna and fade margin requirements, and optimize the wireless link. For help, refer to Appendix A: Planning Your Wireless Link or contact Wi-LAN customer support. You will require a minimum of two Hopper Plus units (one configured as a base, and one configured as a remote) to create a wireless link between two wired network segments. 2. Check the contents of each shipping carton to ensure all the required parts are present. See Hardware Description, page 3 for a list of parts. 3. Configure one Hopper Plus unit as a base station. See Configuring a Unit as a Base, page 10. (Units come from the factory configured as remotes). 4. Test the basic operation of the bridge. See Testing Basic Operation, page 11 for more information. 5. Place the units in their field locations and connect them to antennas, the wired network, and power. Warning: External antennas must be professionally installed and follow accepted safety, grounding, electrical, and civil engineering standards. Always connect an antenna to the ANTENNA port before you power up a unit or you can damage a unit. 6. Configure each unit as follows: l View and set the Unit Identification. See Viewing Unit Identification, page 20 and Setting Unit Identification, page 21. l Set the Station Rank. See Setting the Station Rank, page 43. l Set the Center Frequency. See Setting the Center Frequency, page 44. l Set the Security Passwords. See Setting Security Passwords, page 45. l Set the Acquisition Code. See Setting the Acquisition Code, page 47. l Set the Remote Unit RF Group. See Setting Remote Unit RF Group, page 52. l Change the default passwords. See Setting Login Passwords, page 59. 7. Test the installed wireless network using ping, ftp, or file transfers. If you have problems, contact Wi-LAN customer support. Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 Installation Configuring a Unit as a Base Hopper Plus 120-24 units are delivered from the factory configured as remote units. To make a wireless bridge, you need to configure one unit as a base unit (base station). All other units in the wireless network can remain configured as remote units (so you do not need to change the "station type" of remotes). No user software is required to install a unit. To configure one unit as a base unit 1. Connect a PC to the MANGAGEMENT port to the Hopper Plus unit that will be the base unit. Connecting PC to MANAGEMENT Port PO WE DE WIR MO AIR PLUS Hopper Plus Unit Management Port Serial Cable to PC COM port PC 2. Start the terminal emulation program (for example, HyperTerm¤—seeAppendix B: Using HyperTerminal, page 87). 3. Press Enter. Enter the default password (choose supervisor). The Main Menu is displayed. 10 Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 Testing Basic Operation 4. Select Radio Module Configuration. The Radio Module Configuration window is displayed. Radio Module Configuration New Current Station Type -> Remote Unit Remote Unit Station Rank (1-1000) Center Frequency 2.4400 GHz 2.4400 GHz Security Password 1 (Hex) Security Password 2 (Hex) 10 10 Security Password 3 (Hex) 100 100 Security Password 4 (Hex) 1000 1000 Security Password 5 (Hex) 10000 10000 Scrambling Code (Hex) Acquisition Code (0-15) Config Test Minutes (1-120) 30 30 Base Station Only Parameters Repeater Mode System Symmetry Type Dynamic Polling Level (1-100) Remote Station Only Parameters Remote Unit RF Group (0-63) Reboot New RF configuration Save Current Config to Flash Flash Remote Unit 2.4400 GHz 10 100 1000 10000 30 off Asymmetric off Asymmetric off Asymmetric Press Enter to Execute Press Enter to Execute Select Station Type. Select Base Unit and press Enter. Select Reboot New RF configuration and press Enter. The unit reboots. Log in to the unit. Select Save Current Config to Flash and press Enter. The settings are stored in flash memory. 10. Select Logout from the Main Menu to exit. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. Testing Basic Operation Wi-LAN recommends that you bench test units before placing them the field. You should first perform a standalone test, then test the bridge as part of a simple network. Once one unit has been set to a base unit, it can then be used to test all other remote units without making configuration changes to the remotes.(Units are shipped from factory configured as remotes). Performing a Bench Test To perform a bench test of the bridge 1. Ensure that you have configured a unit as a base unit. 2. Ensure that the station type of all other units is Remote Unit. See Setting the Station Type, page 42. Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 11 Installation 3. Locate base unit and one remote unit at least twenty meters apart with a clear line of sight between them. 4. Attach the provided indoor antenna to the antenna port of each unit, and orient the antenna vertically. 5. Power up both units. Basic Test Setup 20m minimum AIR LED = orange Base Unit PO WE MO DE WIR PLUS Indoor Antenna AIR PO WE MO DE WIR AIR PLUS Indoor Antenna AIR LED = orange Remote Unit 6. Observe the AIR LED of each unit and look for normal status. A normal status is indicated when the AIR LEDs on the base and the remote unit are both orange. The status of the AIR LED is indicated as follows. Orange (both stations) The stations are continuously sending and receiving sync packets. Red (base station) The stations are configured incorrectly, and the base station is transmitting without receiving acknowledgment. Green (remote station) The stations are configured incorrectly, and the remote station is receiving packets to which it cannot respond. Off Nothing is being received (by the remote) or transmitted (from the base). Note: If antennas are too close together, the strong transmit signal will cause distortion at the receiveing unit. You can fine-tune antennas by physically moving the antenna. When the remote antenna is correctly aligned, the AIR LED is orange, indicating that data from the base station is being received and acknowledged. 7. Run the Link Monitor test on the remote unit. See Setting Link Monitor Remote Station Rank (Base Station Only), page 38. Check for RSSI below 40% and BER = 0. If you have problems ensure that the unit is configured to its basic default settings or contact Wi-LAN customer support. 8. Disable Link Monitor. 9. When both AIR LEDs are orange, power down both units and perform the simple network test. See Performing a Simple Network Test, page 13. 12 Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 Testing Basic Operation Performing a Simple Network Test To perform a simple network test 1. Connect one Hopper Plus 120-24 to the LAN. 2. Connect a PC from your network directly to the other Hopper Plus 120-24 (connect with a 10/100 BaseT crossover cable if no hub is used). Note: Cabling between 10/100 BaseT nodes is generally done through a net- work hub. To make a direct 10/100 BaseT connection between a Hopper Plus 120-24 and a PC, you need a standard crossover cable (swap pins 1&3; 2&6). Simple Network Test Setup 20m minimum Cables connect to 10 BaseT network port Indoor Antenna 10 BaseT Cable (Straight Through) PO WE PLUS AIR PO WE AIR LED = orange MODE LED = Off POWER LED = Green MO DE WIR Remote Unit MO DE WIR AIR PLUS Base Unit AIR LED = orange MODE LED = Off POWER LED = Green Direct 10 BaseT Cable (Crossover) LAN 10 BaseT Cable 10/100 BaseT HUB PC 3. Power up each Hopper Plus 120-24 unit. Initially the LEDs should appear as follows: POWER LED Green MODE LED Off AIR LED Orange 4. Create some network traffic to test the bridge (for example, transfer a file across the bridge). The WIRE LED indicates the activity. See Appendix C: Configuring a Simple Data Network, page 93 for more information. 5. Repeat the steps for each remote you install. 6. To test network configuration further, see Appendix C: Configuring a Simple Data Network, page 93 for moreinformation about configuring simple peer-to-peer networks. Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 13 Installation 14 Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 Configuration This section explains how to access and use the main configuration menu (called the Wi-LAN Hopper Plus 120-24 Main Menu, and shown below). In this section, each item in the Main Menu is described in the order that it appears in the menu. Use the Main Menu and your keyboard keys to select, view or change settings. Some items in the menu simply display information, while others ask you to enter data or make a selection from a list. Main Menu Wi-LAN Hopper Plus 120-24 Main Menu -> Unit Identification Hardware/Software Revision System Software ROM Images Current System Status IP Network Configuration IP Filter Configuration RF Station Configuration Radio Module Configuration RF/Ethernet Statistics System Security System Commands Link Monitor Display Logout Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 15 Configuration Accessing the Main Menu You can access the Main Menu via the MANAGEMENT port or a telnet session. You can also configure the Hopper Plus 120-24 remotely with the SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol) manager. See Appendix D: SNMP MIB, page 99 for information about SNMP. Accessing Main Menu with MANAGEMENT Port To access the Main Menu through the MANAGEMENT port 1. Disconnect the power from the Hopper Plus unit. 2. Connect a serial cable from a DB9 serial port on the PC to the MANAGEMENT port on the Hopper Plus (adaptors are shipped with the unit). See Configuring a Unit as a Base, page 10. 3. Start a terminal emulation program (such as Hyperterm) on the PC. See Appendix B: Using HyperTerminal. 4. Set the terminal emulation program to emulate a VT100 terminal with the following settings: ¥ COM port PC serial port connected to Hopper Plus unit ¥ Bits per second: 9600 ¥ Data bits: ¥ Parity: none ¥ Stop bits: ¥ Flow control: none 5. Reconnect the power to the Hopper Plus unit. 6. Press Enter. The Login menu is displayed. Wi-LAN Hopper Plus 120-24 Login Software: Hardware: Rev 0.0.0 (May 25 2000 10:13:37) Rev 0.0.0 (4MB SDRAM, 4MB Intel Flash) Enter Password: 7. Type the default password, or type your password. Login Account Default Password Privileges User user Read Only Supervisor supervisor Read and Write The Main Menu is displayed. 16 Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 Accessing the Main Menu Accessing Units via telnet To access units via telnet 1. Ensure that the unit s Internet IP address has been configured, the unit has a working Ethernet connection, and wire and remote access has been enabled (see Setting Remote Access, page 60). 2. Ensure that the VT100 Arrows feature in your telnet session is enabled. See Setting VT100 Arrows, page 18. 3. From a VT100 terminal, or emulation program, type telnetwhere is the address of the unit that you want to configure. 4. Press Enter. The Login menu is displayed. Wi-LAN Hopper Plus 120-24 Login Software: Hardware: Rev 0.0.0 (May 25 2000 10:13:37) Rev 0.0.0 (4MB SDRAM, 4MB Intel Flash) Enter Password: 5. Type the default password (user or supervisor) or type your personal password. The Main Menu is displayed. Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 17 Configuration Setting VT100 Arrows To set the VT100 arrows in Microsoft telnet 1. In the active Microsoft telnet 1.0 session, select Terminal, Preferences from the menu bar. The Terminal Preferences window is displayed. 2. Click the VT100 Arrows checkbox. 3. Click OK. The VT100 arrows are enabled in the telnet session. You can now use the keyboard arrow keys to navigate the configuration menus. 18 Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 Configuring with the Main Menu Configuring with the Main Menu This section describes how to configure units with the Main Menu. Menu items are presented in the order they appear in the menu shown below. Main Menu Wi-LAN Hopper Plus 120-24 Main Menu -> Unit Identification Hardware/Software Revision System Software ROM Images Current System Status IP Network Configuration IP Filter Configuration RF Station Configuration Radio Module Configuration RF/Ethernet Statistics System Security System Commands Link Monitor Display Logout Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 19 Configuration Unit Identification Viewing Unit Identification You can view a unit s serial number, production date, and MAC address in the Unit Identification menu. These fields are view only and are set at the factory. To view unit identification 1. From the Main Menu, select Unit Identification The Unit Identification window is displayed. Unit Identification Serial Number Production Date Ethernet MAC Address Unit Name/Description Unit Location Contact Name Serial-Number 01-01-2000 001030040502 -> System Name System Location System Manager's Name where 20 Serial Number Unique serial number of the unit (Read Only). Production Date Date that the unit was produced (Read Only). Ethernet MAC Address Unique Internet MAC address for the unit (Read Only). Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 Unit Identification Setting Unit Identification You can configure a unit s name, location, and contact name for system management purposes. This information could be used to distinguish remote units by their physical location or by meaningful names rather than the unit s station rank. The unit identification information does not need to be configured for a working system. To set unit name/description 1. From the Main Menu, select Unit Identification. The Unit Identification window is displayed. Unit Identification Serial Number Production Date Ethernet MAC Address Unit Name/Description Unit Location Contact Name Serial-Number 01-01-2000 001030040502 -> System Name System Location System Manager's Name where Serial Number Unit serial number. Production Date The production date: MM-DD-YY. Ethernet MAC Address MAC (Media Access Control) address. The physical Ethernet address. 2. Select Unit Name/Description. 3. Type in new name or description. 4. Press Enter. The new name or description is displayed in the entry field. Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 21 Configuration To set unit location 1. From the Main Menu, select Unit Identification. The Unit Identification window is displayed. Unit Identification Serial Number Production Date Ethernet MAC Address Unit Name/Description Unit Location Contact Name Serial-Number 01-01-2000 001030040502 System Name -> System Location System Manager's Name 2. Select Unit Location. 3. Type in the new location. 4. Press Enter. The new location appears in the entry field. To set unit contact name 1. From the Main Menu, select Unit Identification. The Unit Identification window is displayed. Unit Identification Serial Number Production Date Ethernet MAC Address Unit Name/Description Unit Location Contact Name Serial-Number 01-01-2000 1030040502 System Name System Location -> System Manager's Name 2. Select Contact Name. 3. Type in a contact or manager name. 4. Press Enter. The new name appears in the entry field. 22 Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 Hardware/Software Revision Hardware/Software Revision Viewing System Revision Information The system revision information shows details about the system including: ¥ ¥ ¥ ¥ ¥ version of the Hopper Plus 120-24 hardware ROM and RAM size version number of the system image file on the unit version date of the system image file on the unit name of the image file running on the Hopper Plus 120-24 To view system revision information From the Main Menu, select Hardware/Software Revision. The System Revision Information window is displayed. The window is view only. System Revision Information Hardware ROM Size RAM Size Rev 0.0.0 (4MB SDRAM, 4MB Intel Flash) 0x400000 0x400000 Software Rev 0.0.0 (Wi-LAN Hopper Plus 120-24 WEBII) June 26 2000 10:13:37 318452 Bytes FACTORY-IMAGE File Name where Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 Hardware The revision number of the Hopper Plus 120-24 unit, and the RAM and FLASH installed in the unit. ROM Size The amount of read-only memory in the unit. RAM Size The amount of random-access memory in the unit. This value also appears in the Hardware field. Software The revision number of the system image running on the unit, the date of the revision, and the size of the file (in this case FACTORY-IMAGE). File Name The file name of the system image running on the unit. 23 Configuration System Software ROM Images Viewing System Software ROM Images The System Software ROM Images window shows a list of all images available on the unit. An image is the embedded software stored in Flash ROM that the unit uses to operate. The example lists only the Factory-Image, however, several images may be available for use. As new images become available, Wi-LAN will place the images on their web site and make them available for downloading by customers. To view system software ROM images From the Main Menu, select System Software ROM Images. The System Software ROM Images window is displayed. The window is view only. System Software ROM Images File Name Revision Date Time Size Default Image -------------------- -------- ----------- -------- ------ ------------FACTORY-IMAGE 0.0.0 May 25 2000 10:13:37 306524 Current More than one image may be listed here where 24 File Name The names of all system image files stored in the unit. Revision The revision number of the system image file. Each time the system image is modified, the revision number increases by 1 unit. For example, the first revision to the file would make the revision number 0.0.1. Date The date the image file was last revised. Time The time the image file was last revised. Size The size of the image file in bytes. Default Image Indicates which image file is the default. This is the image used at power up. See To set the default image, page 62 to modify default image. Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 Current System Status Current System Status Viewing Current System Status The Current System Status window shows administration information such as the time a unit has been running, and login statistics. To view current system status From the Main Menu, select System Current Status. The System Current Status window is displayed. The window is view only. System Current Status Cumulative Run-Time Current Run-Time Successful Logins Unsuccessful Logins Local User Logged In Telnet User Logged In FTP User Logged In Days: 0 Hours: 7 Days: 0 00:38:38 16 Supervisor None None where Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 Cumulative Run-Time The number of hours the system has been running since it was manufactured. This information is required for maintenance purposes. Current Run-Time The time duration that has passed since the unit was last reset or power cycled. Successful Logins The number of times that the configuration menus have been successfully accessed. Unsuccessful Logins The number of times that access to the configuration menus has failed. Local User Logged In The access level of the user currently logged into the configuration menus via the RS-232. Telnet User Logged In The access level of the user currently logged into the configuration menus via a telnet session. FTP User Logged In The access level of the user currently logged into the host FTP server. 25 Configuration IP Network Configuration To remotely manage the Hopper Plus 120-24 units, you need to define the Internet IP settings. Setting the Internet IP Address and Subnet Mask Each Hopper Plus 120-24 unit in a system must have a valid Internet IP address and subnet mask for communication via TCP/IP. To set the Internet IP address 1. From the Main Menu, select IP Network Configuration. The Network Configuration window is displayed. Network Configuration Internet IP Address New IP Address (Reboot Reqd) Internet IP Subnet Mask Default Gateway IP Address SNMP NMS Trap IP Address 192.168.1.100 -> 192.168.1.100 255.255.255.0 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 2. Select New IP Address. 3. Type the unique Internet IP address for the unit. 4. Press the Enter key. The new Internet IP address appears in the New IP Address (Reboot Reqd)field, but the old address remains in the upper field. 5. Reboot the unit, or power the unit down and up toeffect the changes. 26 Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 IP Network Configuration To set the Internet IP subnet mask 1. From the Main Menu, select IP Network Configuration. The Network Configuration window is displayed. Network Configuration Internet IP Address 192.168.1.100 New IP Address (Reboot Reqd) Internet IP Subnet Mask Default Gateway IP Address SNMP NMS Trap IP Address 192.168.1.100 -> 255.255.255.0 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 2. Select Internet IP Subnet Mask. 3. Type the Internet IP subnet mask for the unit. 4. Press Enter. The Internet IP subnet mask appears in the field and is assigned to the unit. Setting the Default Gateway IP Address You need to define the IP address of the system gateway. This address designates the main entry point into the network, and is usually in the same subnet as the unit IP address. To set the default gateway IP address 1. From the Main Menu, select IP Network Configuration. The Network Configuration window is displayed. Network Configuration Internet IP Address New IP Address (Reboot Reqd) Internet IP Subnet Mask Default Gateway IP Address SNMP NMS Trap IP Address 192.168.1.100 192.168.1.100 255.255.255.0 -> 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 2. Select Default Gateway IP Address. 3. Type the default gateway IP address for the unit. 4. Press Enter. Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 27 Configuration Setting the SNMP NMS Trap IP Address The SNMP (System Network Management Protocol) NMS (Network Management System) Trap IP address identifies the IP address of the network manager. This address communicates all alarms or events to the network manager. The network manager can define the types of traps, or alarms, that will be forwarded to the IP address. To set the SNMP NMS trap IP address 1. From the Main Menu, select IP Network Configuration. The Network Configuration window is displayed. Network Configuration Internet IP Address New IP Address (Reboot Reqd) Internet IP Subnet Mask Default Gateway IP Address SNMP NMS Trap IP Address 192.168.1.100 192.168.1.100 255.255.255.0 0.0.0.0 -> 0.0.0.0 2. Select SNMP NMS Trap IP Address. 3. Type the SNMP NMS Trap IP address for the unit. 4. Press Enter. The SNMP NMS Trap IP address appears in the entry field and is applied to the unit. 28 Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 IP Filter Configuration IP Filter Configuration You can define IP address filters to control the data that is transmitted and received through the Hopper Plus unit. The following table describes the IP filters. Filter Setting IP packet off (disabled) All packets are passed. on (enabled) Only IP and ARP packets are passed. off (disabled) All IP packets are passed. on (enabled) Only packets whose IP addresses reside in at least one of the IP filter lists are passed. There are five IP filter lists: each can contain up to 255 IP addresses. IP address Each IP address list is defined by a range and base value. The range defines how many contiguous IP addresses are in the list, and the base sets the lowest address of the list. The following is a list of addresses and their capabilities: Addresses that pass only IP packets and IP Addresses 192.168.2.10 192.168.2.11 192.168.2.11 192.168.2.12 192.168.2.13 194.120.3.51 194.120.3.52 194.120.3.254 194.120.3.255 194.120.4.0 194.120.4.1 Configure IP Filtering as: IP Packet Filtering = on IP Address Filtering = on Filter 1 Range (0 - 255) = 4 Filter 1 Base Address = 192.168.2.10 Filter 2 Range (0 - 255) = 2 Filter 2 Base Address = 194.120.3.51 Filter 3 Range (0 - 255) = 4 Filter 3 Base Address = 194.120.3.254 Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 29 Configuration To enable IP packet filtering 1. From the Main Menu, select IP Filter Configuration. The IF Filter Configuration window is displayed. IP Filter Configuration IP Packet Filtering IP Address Filtering -> off off Filter 1 Range (0-255) Filter 1 Base Address 0.0.0.0 Filter 2 Range (0-255) Filter 2 Base Address 0.0.0.0 Filter 3 Range (0-255) Filter 3 Base Address 0.0.0.0 Filter 4 Range (0-255) Filter 4 Base Address 0.0.0.0 Filter 5 Range (0-255) Filter 5 Base Address 0.0.0.0 2. Select IP Packet Filtering. 3. Scroll to off or on. (Initially start with setting to off). 4. Press Enter. To enable IP address filtering 1. From the Main Menu, select IP Filter Configuration. The IF Filter Configuration window is displayed. IP Filter Configuration IP Packet Filtering IP Address Filtering 30 off -> off Filter 1 Range (0-255) Filter 1 Base Address 0.0.0.0 Filter 2 Range (0-255) Filter 2 Base Address 0.0.0.0 Filter 3 Range (0-255) Filter 3 Base Address 0.0.0.0 Filter 4 Range (0-255) Filter 4 Base Address 0.0.0.0 Filter 5 Range (0-255) Filter 5 Base Address 0.0.0.0 Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 IP Filter Configuration 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 Select IP Address Filtering. Scroll to on. Press Enter. Select Filter 1 Range (0 - 255). Type in the value (0 - 255). Press Enter. Select Filter 1 Base Address. Type in the value. Press Enter. Repeat steps 5-10 for other filter lists. 31 Configuration RF Station Configuration The RF Station Configuration menu contains test and optimization parameters for the Hopper Plus 120-24 unit. You can change the test mode time, operating mode, RF transmit status, and link monitor period. You can also change Base Station Only settings, and Remote Station Only settings. Setting Test Mode Time Before you test the unit, you need to set the test mode timer. The test mode timer sets the maximum time that the unit will remain in test mode. If the Hopper Plus is not returned to the normal mode before time runs out, the unit will perform an automatic software reboot and return to normal operating mode. Note: The timer applies to tests initiated with the configuration menus and the mode button, but the timer can only be configured via the menus To set test mode timer 1. From the Main Menu, select RF Station Configuration. The RF Station Configuration window is displayed. RF Station Configuration Operating Mode RF Transmit Status Link Monitor Period (0=OFF, 1-10000) Test Mode Timer Minutes (1-1000) Normal Mode unblocked -> 5 Base Station Only Parameters Maximum Remote Distance Link Monitor Remote Station Rank 5 Km Remote Station Only Parameters Throttle Enable Throttle Level (1-50) off 2. Select Test Mode Timer Minutes. 3. Type the desired time value in minutes (1-1000). 4. Press Enter. 32 Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 RF Station Configuration Setting the Operating Mode The Hopper Plus starts up in Normal mode. Three modes are available for test purposes: Receive, Transmit, and RSSI. Receive Receives only. Processes expected packet data and displays statistics on RS-232 monitor. Transmit Transmits only. Sends known packet data to the receiver. RSSI RSSI (Received Signal Strength Indicator). Unit receives packets and displays fade margin data on Air LED. When testing a bridge, one unit is placed in Transmit mode and the other unit is placed in Receive mode. The transmitting unit sends packets of known data to the receiving unit. The receiving unit analyzes the data and can display llink statistics on a terminal, as shown below. Link Statistics Previous Sample - BER = 0.0E+00, MPC = | BER = 0.0E+00, MPC = 0, EnvP = 63, CorrP = 63 0, EnvP = 63, CorrP = 63 Current Sample Bit Error Rate Missed Packet Count Envelope Power Correlation Power Alternating vertical and horizontal lines indicate that data is incoming. where Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 BER Bit Error Rate MPC Missed Packet Count EnvP Envelope Power. The power of the received signal inlcuding noise, measured in dB (0–63) CorrP Correlation Power. The power of the received signal, excluding noise, measured in dB (0–63) 33 Configuration RSSI mode is used to measure the fade margin of a system. The receive unit is put into RSSI mode and its AIR LED indicates the fade margin according to the following table: AIR LED Color Signal Strength Green Reliable signal - greater than 15 dB fade margin Orange Marginal signal - between 11 and 15 dB fade margin Red Poor signal - less than 10 dB fade margin Blank No signal at all To set the operating mode 1. From the Main Menu, select RF Station Configuration. The RF Station Configuration window is displayed. RF Station Configuration Operating Mode RF Transmit Status Link Monitor Period (0=OFF, 1-10000) Test Mode Timer Minutes (1-1000) -> Normal Mode unblocked Base Station Only Parameters Maximum Remote Distance Link Monitor Remote Station Rank 5 Km Remote Station Only Parameters Throttle Enable Throttle Level (1-50) off 2. Select Operating Mode. 3. Select the desired mode: Normal Mode, Transmit Mode, Receive Mode, or RSSI Mode. 4. Press Enter. Note: The operating mode can also be set with the MODE button on the back of the Hopper Plus. See Setting Operating Mode with the MODE Button, page 68 for more information. 34 Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 RF Station Configuration Setting the RF Transmit Status This setting blocks a unit from carrying traffic. To set RF transmit status 1. From the Main Menu, select RF Station Configuration. The RF Station Configuration window is displayed. RF Station Configuration Operating Mode RF Transmit Status Link Monitor Period (0=OFF, 1-10000) Test Mode Timer Minutes (1-1000) Normal Mode -> unblocked Base Station Only Parameters Maximum Remote Distance Link Monitor Remote Station Rank 5 Km Remote Station Only Parameters Throttle Enable Throttle Level (1-50) off 2. Select RF Transmit Status. 3. Select a setting. unblocked Transmits and receives. This is the default setting. blocked Receives only 4. Press Enter. Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 35 Configuration Setting the Link Monitor Period The Link Monitor Period determines the amount of test data that is sent during a link monitor test. The following table shows how much test data is sent during the link monitor test. Monitor Setting Test data (%) Message data (%) Notes 100 link monitor disabled 50 50 maximum test data 33.3 66.6 25 75 ... ... ... 10000 0.01 99.99 minimum test data To set Link Monitor Period 1. From the Main Menu, select RF Station Configuration. The RF Station Configuration window is displayed. RF Station Configuration Operating Mode Normal Mode RF Transmit Status unblocked Link Monitor Period (0=OFF, 1-10000) ->10 Test Mode Timer Minutes (1-1000) Base Station Only Parameters Maximum Remote Distance Link Monitor Remote Station Rank 5 Km Remote Station Only Parameters Throttle Enable Throttle Level (1-50) off 2. Select Link Monitor Period. 3. Type the time value in minutes (0=OFF, 1-1000) 4. Press Enter. 36 Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 RF Station Configuration Setting Maximum Remote Distance (Base Station Only) The Maximum Remote Distance is used to optimize dynamic polling by compensating for polling delay. Important: In the base unit, the Maximum Remote Distance should always be set to the distance between the base and the farthest remote. To set the maximum remote distance 1. From the Main Menu, select RF Station Configuration. The RF Station Configuration window is displayed. RF Station Configuration Operating Mode RF Transmit Status Link Monitor Period (0=OFF, 1-10000) Test Mode Timer (1-1000)mins Normal Mode unblocked Base Station Only Parameters Maximum Remote Distance Link Monitor Remote Station Rank -> 5 Km Remote Station Only Parameters Throttle Enable Throttle Level (1-50) off 2. Select Maximum Remote Distance. 3. Scroll to select the distance of the furthest remote unit. 4. Press Enter. Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 37 Configuration Setting Link Monitor Remote Station Rank (Base Station Only) The Hopper Plus can test the RF link while it carries actual data. Link monitor sends test data along with the message data (the amount of data sent is determined by the setting of the Link Monitor Period). See Setting the Link Monitor Period, page 36.) The receiving unit processes statistics and sends the test data and statistics back to the testing unit. The testing unit then processes and displays statistics for both directions on the link monitor display. (See Viewing Link Monitor Statistics, page 66 for information about viewing link monitor statistics). Note: It is possible to run the link monitor twice over one link by enabling it on the base and the remote at the same time. This situation should be avoided as it causes needless overhead. You can run the link monitor from the base or any remote. When you run the link monitor from the base station, you must enter the station rank of the remote whose link you wish to test (rank represents the number of remotes that the base polls). When you run the link monitor from a remote, the only link that can be tested is to the base, so the station rank is not configured. To set the link monitor rank from the base unit 1. From the Main Menu, select RF Station Configuration. The RF Station Configuration window is displayed. RF Station Configuration Operating Mode RF Transmit Status Link Monitor Period (0-OFF, 1-10000) Test Mode Timer Minutes (1-1000) Normal Mode unblocked Base Station Only Parameters Maximum Remote Distance Link Monitor Remote Station Rank 5 Km -> 1 Remote Station Only Parameters Throttle Enable Throttle Level (1-50) off 2. Select Link Monitor Remote Station Rank. 3. Type the station rank of the remote to test. 38 Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 RF Station Configuration 4. Press Enter. The RF Station Configuration window is displayed. RF Station Configuration Operating Mode RF Transmit Status Link Monitor Period (0-OFF, 1-10000) Test Mode Timer Minutes (1-1000) Normal Mode unblocked -> 0 Base Station Only Parameters Maximum Remote Distance Link Monitor Remote Station Rank 5 Km Remote Station Only Parameters Throttle Enable Throttle Level (1-50) off 5. Select Link Monitor Period. 6. Type in the desired link monitor period (0=OFF, 1-10000). 7. Press Enter. For information about viewing the statistics, see Viewing Link Monitor Statistics, page 66. To set the link monitor rank from a remote unit 1. From the Main Menu, select RF Station Configuration. The RF Station Configuration window is displayed. RF Station Configuration Operating Mode RF Transmit Status Link Monitor Period (0-OFF, 1-10000) Test Mode Timer Minutes (1-1000) Normal Mode unblocked -> 0 Base Station Only Parameters Maximum Remote Distance Link Monitor Remote Station Rank 5 Km Remote Station Only Parameters Throttle Enable Throttle Level (1-50) off 2. Select Link Monitor Period. 3. Type in the desired link monitor value (1-10000). 4. Press Enter. For information about viewing the statistics, see Viewing Link Monitor Statistics, page 66. Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 39 Configuration Setting Throttling (Remote Station Only) Throttling limits the amount of data that passes though a remote Hopper Plus 120-24 unit. When throttling is enabled, the amount of data passed is equal to the throttling level times 128 kbps, to a maximum of 6.4 Mbps. Throttling applies to both the down link and up link traffic, so a setting of 128 kbps means the unit can pass 128 kbps in each direction. When throttling is disabled, the unit allows up to the maximum available bandwidth. The default setting is to disable throttling. To enable throttling 1. From the Main Menu, select RF Station Configuration. The RF Station Configuration window is displayed. RF Station Configuration Operating Mode RF Transmit Status Link Monitor Period (0=OFF, 1-10000) Test Mode Timer (1-1000)mins Normal Mode unblocked Base Station Only Parameters Maximum Remote Distance Link Monitor Remote Station Rank Remote Station Only Parameters Throttle Enable Throttle Level (1-50) 5 Km -> off 2. Select Throttle Enable. 3. Scroll to select on. 4. Press Enter. 40 Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 Radio Module Configuration Radio Module Configuration Changing the configuration settings of a Hopper Plus while it operates in a system could disrupt service. To prevent disruptions when the configuration is being changed, the Hopper Plus stores configuration information in three different states: New The intended configuration changes. Temporary. Current The configuration actually running on the unit. Temporary. Flash The configuration that was stored last in FLASH memory. Final configuration is saved to FLASH memory. To change the current configuration of the radio module 1. Set the Config Test Minutes. See Setting Config Test Minutes, page 48. 2. Make new configuration changes with the Radio Module Configuration menu. These changes are stored in the New state, but the radio uses the Current state configuration until it is rebooted with new configuration. 3. Reboot the unit following the steps in Rebooting and Saving RF Configurations, page 53. The unit runs the new configuration, and the old configuration is retained in FLASH. 4. If the new configuration works as intended, then the changes can be saved to FLASH. See To save current configuration to FLASH, page 54. If the new configuration disrupts communications, then the configuration stored in FLASH is restored after a timeout has elapsed. The unit can be re-configured and tested until the unit works as intended. Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 41 Configuration Setting the Station Type Each Hopper Plus 120-24 unit must be defined as a base or a remote unit. In any given system there is only one base unit, but there can be numerous remote units. To set the station type 1. From the Main Menu, select Radio Module Configuration. The Radio Module Configuration window is displayed. Radio Module Configuration New Current Station Type -> Remote Unit Remote Unit Station Rank (1-1000) Center Frequency 2.4400 GHz 2.4400 GHz Security Password 1 (Hex) Security Password 2 (Hex) 10 10 Security Password 3 (Hex) 100 100 Security Password 4 (Hex) 1000 1000 Security Password 5 (Hex) 10000 10000 Scrambling Code (Hex) Acquisition Code (0-15) Config Test Minutes (1-120) 30 30 Base Station Only Parameters Repeater Mode System Symmetry Type Dynamic Polling Level (1-100) Remote Station Only Parameters Remote Unit RF Group (0-63) Reboot New RF configuration Save Current Config to Flash Flash Remote Unit 2.4400 GHz 10 100 1000 10000 30 off Asymmetric off Asymmetric off Asymmetric Press Enter to Execute Press Enter to Execute 2. Select Station Type. 3. Scroll to select the desired station type (base unit or remote unit). 4. Press Enter. 42 Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 Radio Module Configuration Setting the Station Rank For a base station, rank is the number of remotes that the base polls (regardless of the actual number of remotes in the system). The base station rank should equal the number of remotes so the base does not waste time polling nonexistent remotes. For a remote unit, rank is a unique number that identifies the remote to the base station. The base station polls remote units sequentially from rank 1 to the base unit s station rank, then repeats the process. To set the station rank 1. From the Main Menu, select Radio Module Configuration. The Radio Module Configuration window is displayed. Radio Module Configuration New Current Station Type Remote Unit Remote Unit Station Rank (1-1000) -> 1 Center Frequency 2.4400 GHz 2.4400 GHz Security Password 1 (Hex) Security Password 2 (Hex) 10 10 Security Password 3 (Hex) 100 100 Security Password 4 (Hex) 1000 1000 Security Password 5 (Hex) 10000 10000 Scrambling Code (Hex) Acquisition Code (0-15) Config Test Minutes (1-120) 30 30 Base Station Only Parameters Repeater Mode System Symmetry Type Dynamic Polling Level (1-100) Remote Station Only Parameters Remote Unit RF Group (0-63) Reboot New RF configuration Save Current Config to Flash Flash Remote Unit 2.4400 GHz 10 100 1000 10000 30 off Asymmetric off Asymmetric off Asymmetric Press Enter to Execute Press Enter to Execute 2. Select Station Rank (1-1000). 3. Type the rank number of the station. 4. Press Enter. Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 43 Configuration Setting the Center Frequency The center frequency defines the channel the unit uses to transmit and receive RF energy. To ensure communication between units, all units in a system must have the same center frequency value. To set the center frequency 1. From the Main Menu, select Radio Module Configuration. The Radio Module Configuration window is displayed. Radio Module Configuration New Current Station Type Remote Unit Remote Unit Station Rank (1-1000) Center Frequency -> 2.4400 GHz 2.4400 GHz Security Password 1 (Hex) Security Password 2 (Hex) 10 10 Security Password 3 (Hex) 100 100 Security Password 4 (Hex) 1000 1000 Security Password 5 (Hex) 10000 10000 Scrambling Code (Hex) Acquisition Code (0-15) Config Test Minutes (1-120) 30 30 Base Station Only Parameters Repeater Mode System Symmetry Type Dynamic Polling Level (1-100) Remote Station Only Parameters Remote Unit RF Group (0-63) Reboot New RF configuration Save Current Config to Flash Flash Remote Unit 2.4400 GHz 10 100 1000 10000 30 off Asymmetric off Asymmetric off Asymmetric Press Enter to Execute Press Enter to Execute 2. Select Center Frequency. 3. Scroll to select the RF center frequency to apply to all units in the network. 4. Press Enter. The center frequency is stored in the New state. 44 Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 Radio Module Configuration Setting Security Passwords Up to five different passwords can be set for a unit. Only Security Password 1 is required, the other passwords are optional. The higher the number passwords that are used, the higher the level of security for the unit. The set of passwords on the remote unit must match the set of passwords on the base unit. All passwords are exchanged between units, even when l password are not used. Passwords can be set and modified directly with the Radio Module Configuration menu. Note: All units in the same network must have this setting set to the same value. To set security passwords 1. From the Main Menu, select Radio Module Configuration. The Radio Module Configuration window is displayed. Radio Module Configuration New Current Station Type Remote Unit Remote Unit Station Rank (1-1000) Center Frequency -> 2.4400 GHz 2.4400 GHz Security Password 1 (Hex) Security Password 2 (Hex) 10 10 Security Password 3 (Hex) 100 100 Security Password 4 (Hex) 1000 1000 Security Password 5 (Hex) 10000 10000 Scrambling Code (Hex) Acquisition Code (0-15) Config Test Minutes (1-120) 30 30 All units in the same network must have these configurations set the same. Base Station Only Parameters Repeater Mode System Symmetry Type Dynamic Polling Level (1-100) Remote Station Only Parameters Remote Unit RF Group (0-63) Reboot New RF configuration Save Current Config to Flash Flash Remote Unit 2.4400 GHz 10 100 1000 10000 30 off Asymmetric off Asymmetric off Asymmetric Press Enter to Execute Press Enter to Execute 2. Select Security Password 1. 3. Enter a password in Hex code. 4. Press Enter. The password is stored in the New state. Note: Security Passwords 2 to 5 are optional. 5. If you want to use more than one password, select Security Password n. 6. Enter a password in Hex code. 7. Select Reboot New RF configuration. 8. Press Enter. The passwords are put into effect. Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 45 Configuration Setting the Scrambling Code The scrambling code is used to scramble messages so only units with the correct scrambling code will be able to read messages. The scrambling code can be 0-32 bits long. Note: All units in the same network must have this setting set to the same value. To set scrambling codes 1. From the Main Menu, select Radio Module Configuration. The Radio Module Configuration window appears. Radio Module Configuration New Current Station Type Remote Unit Remote Unit Station Rank (1-1000) Center Frequency 2.4400 GHz 2.4400 GHz Security Password 1 (Hex) Security Password 2 (Hex) 10 10 Security Password 3 (Hex) 100 100 Security Password 4 (Hex) 1000 1000 Security Password 5 (Hex) 10000 10000 Scrambling Code (Hex) -> 0 Acquisition Code (0-15) Config Test Minutes (1-120) 30 30 Base Station Only Parameters Repeater Mode System Symmetry Type Dynamic Polling Level (1-100) Remote Station Only Parameters Remote Unit RF Group (0-63) Reboot New RF configuration Save Current Config to Flash Flash Remote Unit 2.4400 GHz 10 100 1000 10000 30 off Asymmetric off Asymmetric off Asymmetric Press Enter to Execute Press Enter to Execute 2. Select Scrambling Code. 3. Type the code. 4. Press Enter. 46 Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 Radio Module Configuration Setting the Acquisition Code The acquisition code ensures that the receiver does not process any signals not intended for that receiver. The receiver processes only signals with the correct acquisition code. Note: All units in the same network must have this setting set to the same value. To set the acquisition code 1. From the Main Menu, select Radio Module Configuration. The Radio Module Configuration window is displayed. Radio Module Configuration New Current Station Type Remote Unit Remote Unit Station Rank (1-1000) Center Frequency 2.4400 GHz 2.4400 GHz Security Password 1 (Hex) Security Password 2 (Hex) 10 10 Security Password 3 (Hex) 100 100 Security Password 4 (Hex) 1000 1000 Security Password 5 (Hex) 10000 10000 Scrambling Code (Hex) Acquisition Code (0-15) -> 0 Config Test Minutes (1-120) 30 30 Base Station Only Parameters Repeater Mode System Symmetry Type Dynamic Polling Level (1-100) Remote Station Only Parameters Remote Unit RF Group (0-63) Reboot New RF configuration Save Current Config to Flash Flash Remote Unit 2.4400 GHz 10 100 1000 10000 30 off Asymmetric off Asymmetric off Asymmetric Press Enter to Execute Press Enter to Execute 2. Select Acquisition Code. 3. Type the Acquisition code (0-15). 4. Press Enter. Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 47 Configuration Setting Config Test Minutes Since there is a chance that RF configuration changes will disrupt communications, each unit returns to its pre-configuration state after a timeout (unless the changes are saved to FLASH before the timeout). This timeout is set with the Config Test Minutes parameter, which can be set from 1 to 120 minutes. When testing, the configuration test timeout value should be set before any other radio module changes are made, so that the correct value is used if other changes cause the unit to lock up. If you set the timeout too low, then you may not have time to save the changes to FLASH. If you set it too high, then you will have to wait a long time for the unit to reboot after a change that disrupts service. Note: All units in the same network must have this setting set to the same value. To set the test timeout 1. From the Main Menu, select Radio Module Configuration. The Radio Module Configuration window is displayed. Radio Module Configuration New Current Station Type Remote Unit Remote Unit Station Rank (1-1000) Center Frequency 2.4400 GHz 2.4400 GHz Security Password 1 (Hex) Security Password 2 (Hex) 10 10 Security Password 3 (Hex) 100 100 Security Password 4 (Hex) 1000 1000 Security Password 5 (Hex) 10000 10000 Scrambling Code (Hex) Acquisition Code (0-15) Config Test Minutes (1-120) -> 30 30 Base Station Only Parameters Repeater Mode System Symmetry Type Dynamic Polling Level (1-100) Remote Station Only Parameters Remote Unit RF Group (0-63) Reboot New RF configuration Save Current Config to Flash 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 48 Flash Remote Unit 2.4400 GHz 10 100 1000 10000 30 off Asymmetric off Asymmetric off Asymmetric Press Enter to Execute Press Enter to Execute Select Config Test Minutes. Type the test minutes value (1-120). Press Enter. Select Reboot New RF configuration. Press Enter. The unit reboots with the temporary test timeout period in effect. To move the setting to FLASH see Rebooting and Saving RF Configurations, page 53. Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 Radio Module Configuration Setting Repeater Mode (Base Station Only) When a base unit has repeater mode enabled, it re-transmits messages to all remotes in the same RF group. When repeater mode is disabled, remote-to-remote traffic is allowed if radio communication is possible and remotes are in the same non-zero RF group. To set the repeater mode 1. From the Main Menu, select Radio Module Configuration. The Radio Module Configuration window is displayed. Radio Module Configuration New Current Station Type Remote Unit Remote Unit Station Rank (1-1000) Center Frequency 2.4400 GHz 2.4400 GHz Security Password 1 (Hex) Security Password 2 (Hex) 10 10 Security Password 3 (Hex) 100 100 Security Password 4 (Hex) 1000 1000 Security Password 5 (Hex) 10000 10000 Scrambling Code (Hex) Acquisition Code (0-15) Config Test Minutes (1-120) 30 30 Base Station Only Parameters Repeater Mode -> off System Symmetry Type Asymmetric Dynamic Polling Level (1-100) Remote Station Only Parameters Remote Unit RF Group (0-63) Reboot New RF configuration Save Current Config to Flash Flash Remote Unit 2.4400 GHz 10 100 1000 10000 30 off Asymmetric off Asymmetric Press Enter to Execute Press Enter to Execute 2. Select Repeater Mode. 3. In the Repeater Mode entry field, scroll to select the desired setting based on the following table. off Base unit does not re-transmit messages. This is the default setting. on Base unit re-transmits messages received from one remote to other remotes in the same RF group. 4. Press Enter. Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 49 Configuration Setting System Symmetry Type (Base Station Only) System symmetry type defines the amount of priority the base unit has when polling the remotes. The default setting "asymmetric" gives the base unit a time slot after each remote is polled—an asymmetric system is appropriate when the base is the access point to a large network.The "symmetric" setting limits the base unit to one time slot for every polling cycle; a symmetric system is more efficient when the base has data passing requirements that are similar to the remotes. To set system symmetry type 1. From the Main Menu, select Radio Module Configuration. The Radio Module Configuration window is displayed. Radio Module Configuration New Current Station Type Remote Unit Remote Unit Station Rank (1-1000) Center Frequency 2.4400 GHz 2.4400 GHz Security Password 1 (Hex) Security Password 2 (Hex) 10 10 Security Password 3 (Hex) 100 100 Security Password 4 (Hex) 1000 1000 Security Password 5 (Hex) 10000 10000 Scrambling Code (Hex) Acquisition Code (0-15) Config Test Minutes (1-120) 30 30 Base Station Only Parameters Repeater Mode off System Symmetry Type -> Asymmetric Dynamic Polling Level (1-100) Remote Station Only Parameters Remote Unit RF Group (0-63) Reboot New RF configuration Save Current Config to Flash Flash Remote Unit 2.4400 GHz 10 100 1000 10000 30 off Asymmetric off Asymmetric Press Enter to Execute Press Enter to Execute 2. Select System Symmetry Type. 3. Scroll to the desired setting as follows. asymmetric Base unit higher priority than remotes: the base unit has one time slot after every remote time slot. This is the default setting. symmetric Base unit the same priority as every remote: the base unit has one time slot for every polling cycle. 4. Press Enter. 50 Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 Radio Module Configuration Setting Dynamic Polling Level (Base Station Only) The Hopper Plus uses dynamic polling to reduce overhead caused by idle remote units. Every remote unit is polled by the base, and idle units are ignored for the number of polling rounds entered in the Dynamic Polling Level field. Dynamic Polling is most effective in very large systems, where polling delay can become significant. Important: Polling level is set only for the base unit. To set the dynamic polling level 1. From the Main Menu, select RF Station Configuration. The RF Station Configuration window is displayed.. Radio Module Configuration New Current Station Type Remote Unit Remote Unit Station Rank (1-1000) Center Frequency 2.4400 GHz 2.4400 GHz Security Password 1 (Hex) Security Password 2 (Hex) 10 10 Security Password 3 (Hex) 100 100 Security Password 4 (Hex) 1000 1000 Security Password 5 (Hex) 10000 10000 Scrambling Code (Hex) Acquisition Code (0-15) Config Test Minutes (1-120) 30 30 Base Station Only Parameters Repeater Mode off System Symmetry Type -> Asymmetric Dynamic Polling Level (1-100) Remote Station Only Parameters Remote Unit RF Group (0-63) Reboot New RF configuration Save Current Config to Flash Flash Remote Unit 2.4400 GHz 10 100 1000 10000 30 off Asymmetric off Asymmetric Press Enter to Execute Press Enter to Execute 1. Select Dynamic Polling Level. 2. Type the desired polling level (1-60). 3. Press Enter. Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 51 Configuration Setting Remote Unit RF Group Remote unit RF group controls how remote units communicate with each other. Only remote units in the same non-zero RF group can communicate directly with each other. A remote with a zero RF group can only communicate with the base unit. To set remote unit RF group 1. From the Main Menu, select RF Module Configuration. The Radio Module Configuration window is displayed. Radio Module Configuration New Current Station Type Remote Unit Remote Unit Station Rank (1-1000) Center Frequency 2.4400 GHz 2.4400 GHz Security Password 1 (Hex) Security Password 2 (Hex) 10 10 Security Password 3 (Hex) 100 100 Security Password 4 (Hex) 1000 1000 Security Password 5 (Hex) 10000 10000 Scrambling Code (Hex) Acquisition Code (0-15) Config Test Minutes (1-120) 30 30 Base Station Only Parameters Repeater Mode System Symmetry Type Dynamic Polling Level (1-100) Remote Station Only Parameters Remote Unit RF Group (0-63) -> Reboot New RF configuration Save Current Config to Flash Flash Remote Unit 2.4400 GHz 10 100 1000 10000 30 off Asymmetric off Asymmetric off Asymmetric Press Enter to Execute Press Enter to Execute 2. Select Remote Unit RF Group. 3. In the Remote Unit RF Group entry field, type the RF group number, using the following table as a guide. RF Group Remote Characteristics Closed: remote will only transmit to and receive from the base unit. 1-63 Open: remote will transmit to and receive from the base and all remotes with the same RF group number. 4. Press Enter. 52 Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 Radio Module Configuration Rebooting and Saving RF Configurations A reboot is required for temporary changes to the RF configuration to take effect. If the changes are valid, they can be saved "permanently" in the FLASH memory. If the changes are not valid, then the old configuration is restored after a programmable time-out. To reboot new RF configuration 1. From the Main Menu, select Radio Module Configuration. The Radio Module Configuration window is displayed. Radio Module Configuration New Current Station Type Remote Unit Remote Unit Station Rank (1-1000) Center Frequency 2.4400 GHz 2.4400 GHz Security Password 1 (Hex) Security Password 2 (Hex) 10 10 Security Password 3 (Hex) 100 100 Security Password 4 (Hex) 1000 1000 Security Password 5 (Hex) 10000 10000 Scrambling Code (Hex) Acquisition Code (0-15) Config Test Minutes (1-120) 30 30 Base Station Only Parameters Repeater Mode System Symmetry Type Dynamic Polling Level (1-100) Remote Station Only Parameters Remote Unit RF Group (0-63) Reboot New RF configuration Save Current Config to Flash Flash Remote Unit 2.4400 GHz 10 100 1000 10000 30 off Asymmetric off Asymmetric off Asymmetric -> Press Enter to Execute Press Enter to Execute 2. Select Reboot New RF Configuration. 3. Press Enter. The Hopper Plus 120-24 reboots with the new temporary RF configuration. The old configuration is remains stored in FLASH memory. If the RF configuration is valid and the unit operates as intended, you can login again, access the Main Menu, Radio Module Configuration, Save Current Config to Flash to save changes to FLASH memory. Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 53 Configuration To save current configuration to FLASH 1. From the Main Menu, select Radio Module Configuration. The Radio Module Configuration window is displayed. Radio Module Configuration New Current Station Type Remote Unit Remote Unit Station Rank (1-1000) Center Frequency 2.4400 GHz 2.4400 GHz Security Password 1 (Hex) Security Password 2 (Hex) 10 10 Security Password 3 (Hex) 100 100 Security Password 4 (Hex) 1000 1000 Security Password 5 (Hex) 10000 10000 Scrambling Code (Hex) Acquisition Code (0-15) Config Test Minutes (1-120) 30 30 Base Station Only Parameters Repeater Mode System Symmetry Type Dynamic Polling Level (1-100) Remote Station Only Parameters Remote Unit RF Group (0-63) Reboot New RF configuration Save Current Config to Flash Flash Remote Unit 2.4400 GHz 10 100 1000 10000 30 off Asymmetric off Asymmetric off Asymmetric Press Enter to Execute -> Press Enter to Execute 2. Select Save Current Config to Flash. 3. Press Enter. The current configuration is saved to FLASH. No reboot is required. 54 Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 RF/Ethernet Statistics RF/Ethernet Statistics Ethernet and RF statistics can be viewed for troubleshooting and monitoring link performance. Ethernet and RF statistics are cumulative and increment until reset. The window is view only. See Resetting the RF/Ethernet Statistics, page 64 for information about resetting RF/Ethernet statistics. Viewing RF/Ethernet Statistics To view RF and Ethernet statistics 1. From the Main Menu, select RF/Ethernet Statistics. The RF/Ethernet Statistics window is displayed. RF/Ethernet Statistics Ethernet Receive Statistics Total Packets Received Packets For Local Host Receive Errors Packets Dropped Packets Discarded RF Receive Statistics Total Packets Received Packets For Local Host Packets Dropped Packets Discarded RF Super Frame Rx Statistics Super Frames Received Receive Overrun Errors Frame Control Word Errors Header Checksum Errors Packet Control Word Errors 0 Super Frame Length Errors Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 Ethernet Transmit Statistics Total Packets Transmitted Packets From Local Host Packets Dropped RF Transmit Statistics Total Packets Transmitted Frames From Local Host Packets Dropped RF Super Frame Tx Statistics Super Frames Transmitted Throughput Statistics Ethernet-to-RF Throughput RF-to-Ethernet Throughput 55 Configuration RF Super Frame Rx RF Receive Ethernet Receive where 56 Total Packets Received The number of Ethernet packets from the 10/100 Base-T connection. Packets For Local Host The number of Ethernet packets received from the 10/100 Base-T connection which were destined for the Hopper Plus 120-24 unit’s TCP/IP stack. Receive Errors The number of Ethernet packets received with errors, for example, runt (smaller than 64 bytes), jabber (larger than 1518 bytes), or overflow error. Packets Dropped The number of Ethernet packets dropped because the wireless link is at capacity. Packets Discarded The number of Ethernet packets discarded as the result of filtering. Total Packets Received The number of Ethernet packets received over RF. Packets For Local Host The number of Ethernet packets received over RF and destined for the local host. Packets Dropped The number of Ethernet packets dropped because the wireless link is at capacity. Packets Discarded The number of Ethernet packets discarded as the result of filtering. Super Frames Received The number of super frames received. Receive Overrun Errors The number of errors caused by receive buffer overrun. Frame Control Word Errors The number of errors caused by frame control word problems. Header Checksum Word Errors The number of errors caused by receiving an invalid header checksum. Packet Control Word Errors The number of errors caused by packet control word problems. Super Frame Length Errors The number of errors caused by receiving an invalid super frame length. Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 RF/Ethernet Statistics The number of Ethernet packets transmitted onto the 10/100 Base-T connection. Packets From Local Host The number of Ethernet packets transmitted onto the 10/100 Base-T connection which originated from the Hopper Plus 120-24 unit’s TCP/IP stack. Packets Dropped The number of Ethernet packets not transmitted due to some error, for example, unable to transmit within 15 retries, or underflow error. Total Packets Transmitted The number of Ethernet packets transmitted over RF. Frames From Local Host The number of Ethernet packets transmitted to RF from the local host. Packets Dropped The number of packets dropped because of RF problems. RF S. F. Tx Super Frames Transmitted The number of super frames transmitted. Ethernet-to-RF Throughput Current data rate measured from wire to air, resolution = 1 second. RF-to-Ethernet Throughput Current data rate measured from air to wire, resolution = 1 second. RF Transmit Ethernet Transmit Total Packets Transmitted Throughput where Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 57 Configuration System Security You can control access to the Hopper Plus 120-24 unit with the System Security menu. Setting Community Names Community names are used to control SNMP access to the Hopper Plus. Community Name 1 has read only access, and Community Name 2 has read and write access. Any SNMP manager can access and configure any Hopper Plus unit on the network as long as the unit has the correct community names and Ethernet access is enabled (see Setting Remote Access, page 60). Warning: Default community names are presented in all Installation and Configuration guides distributed by Wi-LAN. It is the responsibility of the customer to ensure that default community names are changed to unique names at installation. Record all community name changes. Community name Privileges Default value SNMP Community Name 1 Read public SNMP Community Name 2 Read and Write netman To set community names 1. From the Main Menu, select System Security. The System Security window is displayed. System Security SNMP Community Name 1 SNMP Community Name 2 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 58 -> public netman Change User Password Confirm User Password Press Enter to change password Press Enter to confirm password Change Supervisor Password Confirm Supervisor Password Press Enter to change password Press Enter to confirm password Ethernet Access to Local Host Wireless Access to Local Host on on Auto Logout Minutes (1-120) 10 Select SNMP Community Name 1. Type in new name. Press Enter. The new name appears in the entry field. Select SNMP Community Name 2. Type in new name. Press Enter. The new name appears in the entry field. Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 System Security Setting Login Passwords You can control access to the configuration menus by setting passwords for the user and supervisor logins. The user login has read-only access, while the supervisor login can modify configuration settings. The default passwords match the login names. Warning: Default passwords are listed in all Installation and Configuration guides distributed by Wi-LAN. It is the responsibility of the customer to ensure that default passwords are changed to unique passwords during installation. Record all password changes. Note: When you restore factory configurations, the login passwords revert to the defaults. To set user password 1. From the Main Menu, select System Security. The System Security window is displayed. System Security SNMP Community Name 1 SNMP Community Name 2 Change User Password Confirm User Password 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. public netman -> Press Enter to change password Press Enter to confirm password Change Supervisor Password Confirm Supervisor Password Press Enter to change password Press Enter to confirm password Ethernet Access to Local Host Wireless Access to Local Host on on Auto Logout Minutes (1-120) 10 Select Change User Password. Type the new password. Press Enter. Select Confirm User Password entry field. Re-type the password from step 3. 7. Press Enter. The change is saved when Success appears beside the confirmation field. To set supervisor password 1. From the Main Menu, select System Security. The System Security window appears (see above). 2. Select Change Supervisor Password. 3. Type the new password. 4. Press Enter. 5. Select Confirm Supervisor Password entry field. 6. Re-type the password from step 3. Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 59 Configuration 7. Press Enter. The change is saved when Success appears beside the confirmation field. Setting Remote Access The Hopper Plus can be accessed and configured via the Ethernet and over the RF link. The default setting is to allow both forms of remote access, but they can be disabled if required (as a security measure, for example). To set Ethernet and wireless access 1. From the Main Menu, select System Security. The System Security window is displayed. System Security SNMP Community Name 1 SNMP Community Name 2 public netman Change User Password Confirm User Password Press Enter to change password Press Enter to confirm password Change Supervisor Password Confirm Supervisor Password Press Enter to change password Press Enter to confirm password Ethernet Access to Local Host Wireless Access to Local Host Auto Logout Minutes (1-120) -> on on 10 2. Select Ethernet Access to Local Host. 3. In the Ethernet Access to Local Host field, select the desired setting. on Enable access to the unit via the Ethernet. off Disable access to the unit via the Ethernet. 4. Press Enter. 5. Select Wireless Access to Local Host. 6. Select the desired setting. on Enable access to the unit via the air. off Disable access to the unit via the air. 7. Press Enter. 60 Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 System Security Setting the Automatic Timeout You can specify the maximum time the system can remain idle before the configuration menus close and the Login menu reappears. This ensures that the configuration menus close if a user forgets to exit. Note: When the menus automatically timeout, the system appears frozen. Press Enter to view the Login window, where you can login to the menus. To set the automatic timeout period 1. From the Main Menu, select System Security. The System Security window is displayed. System Security SNMP Community Name 1 SNMP Community Name 2 public netman Change User Password Confirm User Password Press Enter to change password Press Enter to confirm password Change Supervisor Password Confirm Supervisor Password Press Enter to change password Press Enter to confirm password Ethernet Access to Local Host Wireless Access to Local Host on on Auto Logout Minutes (1-120) -> 10 2. Select Auto Logout Minutes. 3. Type the maximum idle time period in minutes that can pass before the configuration menus close. 4. Press Enter. The new value appears in the entry field. Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 61 Configuration System Commands System image files contain the software that runs the unit. When you first power up the Hopper Plus unit, it runs from the factory-image. With the System Commands menu you can choose the image file that a unit uses to power up, and the image file that a unit uses to reboot. Note: As new images are developed, Wi-LAN plans to place the images on their web site so that you can download them to the unit. Setting Default System Image The default image is the image file used at power up. If you have more than one image saved on a unit, you can choose the default power up file. To set the default image 1. From the Main Menu, select System Commands. The System Commands window is displayed. System Commands Default System Image Reboot a System Image Reboot Current Image Restore Factory Config and Reboot Reset Radio Statistics Reset Ethernet Statistics -> FACTORY-IMAGE FACTORY-IMAGE Press Press Press Press Enter Enter Enter Enter to to to to Execute Execute Execute Execute 2. Select Default System Image. 3. Scroll to select the image to use as the default. 4. Press Enter. The new image file appears in the field. This image will be used each time the Hopper Plus is powered up. 62 Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 System Commands Setting the Reboot System Image To set the reboot image 1. From the Main Menu, select System Commands. The System Commands window is displayed. System Commands Default System Image Reboot a System Image FACTORY-IMAGE -> FACTORY-IMAGE Reboot Current Image Restore Factory Config and Reboot Reset Radio Statistics Reset Ethernet Statistics Press Press Press Press Enter Enter Enter Enter to to to to Execute Execute Execute Execute 2. Select Reboot a System Image. 3. Scroll to select the image to use when rebooting. 4. Press Enter. The new image file appears in the field. This image will be used when the Hopper Plus is rebooted. Rebooting the Current Image The Reboot Current Image command must be used when the IP address is changed. See Setting the Internet IP Address and Subnet Mask, page 26. To reboot the current image 1. From the Main Menu, select System Commands. The System Commands window is displayed. System Commands Default System Image Reboot a System Image Reboot Current Image Restore Factory Config and Reboot Reset Radio Statistics Reset Ethernet Statistics FACTORY-IMAGE FACTORY-IMAGE -> Press Press Press Press Enter Enter Enter Enter to to to to Execute Execute Execute Execute 2. Select Reboot Current Image. 3. Press Enter. The Hopper Plus reboots using the current image. You must log in again to make further changes. Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 63 Configuration Restoring Configurations After making configuration changes you can return the unit to its original state by restoring factory configuration settings. This command can be used put the unit into a known state to aid troubleshooting, or to ensure that company configurations are removed when decommissioning the unit. To restore the factory configuration 1. From the Main Menu, select System Commands. The System Commands window is displayed. System Commands Default System Image Reboot a System Image Reboot Current Image Restore Factory Config and Reboot Reset Radio Statistics Reset Ethernet Statistics FACTORY-IMAGE FACTORY-IMAGE Press -> Press Press Press Enter Enter Enter Enter to to to to Execute Execute Execute Execute 2. Select Restore Factory Configuration and Reboot. 3. Press Enter. The factory configuration settings are restored. Warning: When you restore factory configurations, the login passwords are automatically set to default values. You must log in again to make further changes. Resetting the RF/Ethernet Statistics The statistics displayed in the RF/Ethernet Statistics window are cumulative, but can be reset to track events and for troubleshooting. For example, a suspected RF problem can be diagnosed by resetting the radio statistics and simulating the situation suspected of causing the problem. 64 Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 System Commands To reset radio statistics 1. From the Main Menu, select System Commands.The System Commands window is displayed. System Commands Default System Image Reboot a System Image FACTORY-IMAGE FACTORY-IMAGE Reboot Current Image Restore Factory Config and Reboot Reset Radio Statistics Reset Ethernet Statistics Press Press -> Press Press Enter Enter Enter Enter to to to to Execute Execute Execute Execute 2. Select Reset Radio Statistics. 3. Press Enter. The radio statistics in the RF/Ethernet Statistics window are reset to 0 when Success appears beside the enter field. See Viewing RF/Ethernet Statistics, page 55. To reset Ethernet statistics 1. From the Main Menu, select System Commands. The System Commands window is displayed. System Commands Default System Image Reboot a System Image Reboot Current Image Restore Factory Config and Reboot Reset Radio Statistics Reset Ethernet Statistics FACTORY-IMAGE FACTORY-IMAGE Press Press Press -> Press Enter Enter Enter Enter to to to to Execute Execute Execute Execute 2. Select Reset Ethernet Statistics. 3. Press Enter. The Ethernet statistics in the RF/Ethernet Statistics window are reset to 0 when Success appears beside the enter field. See Viewing RF/Ethernet Statistics, page 55. Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 65 Configuration Link Monitor Display Viewing Link Monitor Statistics Link performance statistics such as power and bit error rate can be viewed while the link monitor is running. Statistics are only available on the unit running the link monitor. The window is view only. To view link monitor statistics 1. From the Main Menu, select Link Monitor Display. The RF Background Link Monitor Statistics window is displayed. RF Background Link Monitor Statistics Link Monitor Rank Base to Remote BER Remote to Base BER Missed Packet Count Base to Remote Env Power Base to Remote Corr Power Remote to Base Env Power Remote to Base Corr Power N/A N/A where 66 Link Monitor Rank When viewed on the base unit, the rank of the remote unit whose link is being tested. When viewed on the remote unit, this field is zero. Base to Remote BER The bit error rate from the base to the remote. Displays “N/A” when the link monitor is not running. Remote to Base BER The bit error rate from the remote to the base. Displays “N/A” when the link monitor is not running. Missed Packet Count The number of missed packets. Base to Remote Env Power Envelope power received at the remote. Base to Remote Corr Power Correlation power received at the remote. Remote to Base Env Power Envelope power received at the base. Remote to Base Corr Power Correlation power received at the base. Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 Logout Logout Logging Out To log out of the Main Menu 1. From the Main Menu, select Logout. 2. Press Enter. 3. Power down the computer. or 1. Press the Esc key on the keyboard until you reach the wilan command line. Enter ESC to return to Main Menu wilan> logout 2. At the prompt, type logout. 3. Press Enter. Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 67 Configuration Setting Operating Mode with the MODE Button The operating mode of a unit is usually set with the RF Station Configuration menu (see Setting the Operating Mode, page 33). However, operating mode can also be set using the MODE button located on the back panel of the Hopper Plus 120-24. No tools or equipment are required to use this method, however, a good understanding of the operating modes and LEDs is required. The Hopper Plus starts up in Normal operating mode with the MODE LED off.. Three test modes are available. Mode Function MODE LED Transmit Transmit only. Sends known packet data to the receiver. Red Receive Receive only. Processes received packet data and displays statistics on RS-232 monitor. Green RSSI Received Signal Strength Indicator. Unit receives packets and displays fade margin data on AIR LED. Orange You can change the operating mode by pressing the MODE button, as explained below. Using the MODE Button To change the operating mode 1. Press the MODE button once and release it quickly. The unit goes into Transmit mode. 2. Press the MODE button once and the unit goes into Receive mode. 3. Press the MODE button once and the unit goes into RSSI mode. 4. Press the MODE button once and the unit returns to Transmit mode. 5. To return to Normal mode, press the MODE button and hold it down for at least two seconds. The AIR LED and MODE LED flash orange when the button has been held long enough. Note: If you do not manually return the unit to normal mode, the unit automatically reboots and returns to normal mode when end of the test time period time is reached. The test time period cannot be set with the mode button—you must use the Main Menu to set the test mode timer (see Setting Config Test Minutes, page 48). 68 Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 Setting Operating Mode with the MODE Button MODE Button Operation See Setting the Operating Mode, page 33 for more information about operating modes. Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 69 Configuration Command Line Interface The Hopper Plus 120-24 has a command line interface you can use to perform basic commands. The commands are a quick way to perform basic tasks while you remain logged into the configuration menus. Using Basic Commands While you are logged into the configuration menus, you can press the Esc key until you exit out of the menus to the command line prompt. The wilan> command line prompt appears. You can execute all of the Hopper Plus 120-24 commands from this prompt. The following are some of the commands you can execute at the prompt. Command Action Example help show the following command summary list: menu cls dir del ping logout exit quit wilan>help menu menu return to the configuration menus wilan>menu cls clear the terminal screen wilan>cls dir show a file directory wilan>dir del delete a file wilan>del sample.txt ping ping a remote IP address wilan>ping 198.168.200.5 logout log out of the command line interface or terminate a remote telnet session wilan>logout exit log out of the command line interface or terminate a remote telnet session wilan>exit quit log out of the command line interface or terminate a remote telnet session wilan>quit You can contact Wi-LAN customer support for additional information about the command line interface. 70 Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 Appendix A: Planning Your Wireless Link To ensure an effective and reliable wireless link, you need to perform some preliminary network planning before you install any hardware. These steps include: ¥ determining the physical layout of your planned link ¥ planning your antenna and fade margin requirements ¥ configuring your RF link. Planning the Physical Layout Before you install the units, you must determine the physical locations for each component of the Hopper Plus 120-24 wireless system. When you plan the physical layout, you need to: ¥ measure the physical distance between each pair of units using GPS, a map, or other distance measurement method ¥ determine antenna mast height requirements and fade margins ¥ determine cable requirements, including routing, between antenna and unit ¥ calculate the fade margin to determine the reliability of your wireless link ¥ determine environmental requirements Measuring the Physical Distance Between Units Use a mapping method to determine the distance between sites, and check the radio path to identify any obstructions in the site path between the two antennas. Due to the high frequency and low output power permitted in the ISM bands, no obstructions may exist between two antennas. Determining Antenna Requirements If you plan to install the unit indoors, the rubber duck antenna shipped with the unit may be adequate. The signal from this antenna can penetrate several walls, although metal obstructions or building features such as elevator shafts can deflect or inhibit radio waves. Empirical testing is advised in this case because all interiors are unique. If you plan to install the antennas outdoors you will need to consider ¥ obtaining permission from building owners if you intend to install your antenna on a rooftop ¥ the height of the antenna required to ensure a radio Line of Sight between two antennas that define the RF link Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 71 Appendix A: Planning Your Wireless Link ¥ ¥ ¥ potential wind load and ice loading impact on the antenna regulatory restrictions, such as height, on antenna mast usage in the identified location grounding requirements. You must ensure that your antenna is properly grounded for lightning and installed according to the relevant electrical code for the location. Determining Cable Requirements If you are installing the antenna in an outdoor location, you will require 50 ohm coaxial cable to connect the unit to the antenna. You should minimize the length of the coaxial cable because the longer the cable is, the greater the cable losses are. You need to know the required cable lengths before you install the unit. Note: You should use surge suppressors at the point of cable entry into the building. Calculating Fade Margins You can calculate the fade margin of your wireless link after you ve identified the antenna requirements. The fade margin enables you to predict the reliability of your wireless link. See Calculating Path Loss on page 78 for more information about fade margins. Determining Environmental Requirements Hopper Plus 120-24 units must be located in a weatherproof environment with an ambient temperature between 0… and 40… Celsius, and humidity from 0 to 95% non-condensing. Consider the building, heating, and air conditioning required to ensure that the unit operates within these conditions. Optimizing the RF Link Overview This section explains how to obtain optimal performance from your RF link. Proper path planning ensures that each end of the RF link receives sufficient signal power to maintain a desired Bit Error Rate (BER). The effectiveness and reliability of your RF link depends on the following: ¥ antenna gain, beamwidth, F/B ratio, and cross-polarization discrimination ¥ distance between antennas and obstructions in the RF path ¥ above-ground height of the antennas ¥ length and type of coaxial cable connecting the Hopper Plus 120-24 and the antenna The above factors will be used to calculate your link budget. The calculation indicates if your radio link is feasible over a given distance and path and if your RF link meets regulatory requirements. Link budgets are typically expressed in decibels (dB). 72 Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 Optimizing the RF Link The following dB terms are used in this section: Term Description dB Decibel. A relative measure of power used to specify power gains and losses. The difference in power P1 and P2 expressed in dB is: P1 dB = 10 × log ------- P2 dBd The gain or loss of an antenna reference to a standard dipole. Gain of a Standard Dipole (dBd) = 2.14 dBi. dBi The gain or loss of an antenna referenced to an isotropic (theoretical point source) radiator. This measure is used with only antennas, as it quantifies gain or loss of a physical radiator with respect to a theoretical one. dBm A power measurement referenced to one milliwatt. This is an absolute measure of power rather than a relative measure such as a gain or a loss. The following variables are used to calculate the link budget: Variable Description System Gain The maximum path loss that the system can support for usable data transmission. EIRP (Effective Isotropically Radiated Power) The power radiating from an antenna taking into account the output power from the transmitter, connector losses, cable losses, and the antenna gain. Receiver Sensitivity The minimum signal strength required for usable performance. Expressed in dBm. Antenna Gain Gain of the antenna over a dipole (dBd) or theoretical (dBi). Propagation Loss The signal loss experienced as it travels through the air. Expressed in dB. Cable Loss The signal loss experienced as it passes through the coaxial cable. Expressed in dB. Path Loss The total loss from one end of the path to the other. This includes propagation losses, cable losses, and any other losses that impact the system performance. Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 73 Appendix A: Planning Your Wireless Link Working with System Gain The system gain of a radio system is the difference between the transmitted power and a receiver s sensitivity threshold. The system gain of the Hopper Plus 120-24 is: 74 Formula: System Gain = Transmission Power - Receiver Sensitivity @ 10-6 BER Variables: Hopper Plus 120-24 Tx Power Receiver Sensitivity = 18.5 dBm - 83 dBm (receiver sensitivity @ 10-6 BER) Calculation: Hopper Plus 120-24 18.5 dBm - (-83) dBm = - 101.5 dB More info: To ensure reliable communications, the system gain plus all antenna gains must be greater than the sum of all losses. For a reliable link, Wi-LAN recommends that the system gain plus all antenna gains be greater than the sum of all losses by a factor of 15 dB. This factor is known as the fade margin. Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 Optimizing the RF Link Calculating EIRP (Effective Isotropically Radiated Power) EIRP is the power radiating from an antenna, taking into account the output power from the transmitter, the connector and cable losses, and the antenna gain. Unlike the Tx output power of the devices, EIRP is subject to both antenna gain and cable losses. Many antennas provide a directional gain, which can increase the effective radiated power. Losses such as cable losses subtract from this amount. You calculate the EIRP as follows: Formula: EIRP = Tx Power (dBm) - Cable Losses (dB) - Connector Losses (dB) + Antenna Gain (dBi) Note: The FCC regulatory body has set the EIRP limit to +36 dBm for point-to-multipoint applications per FCC 15.247(b)(3)(i). For point-to-point applications, the FCC EIRP can be 3 dB higher than +36 dBm for every 1 dB less Tx power below 30 dBm. Industry Canada specifies the EIRP limit to ≤+36 dBm as per RSS-210, 6.2.2(p). In accordance with ETS 300-328 for 2.4 GHz RLANs, the maximum EIRP shall not exceed +20 dBm, with a maximum SPD (Spectral Power Density) not exceeding +10 dBm/MHz. Confirmation is required with the relevant European national radio communications local authority for deviations from this specification. Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 75 Appendix A: Planning Your Wireless Link Optimizing Antenna Gain To ensure the best range and interference suppression, the external antenna should be directional, focusing the radio energy in one direction (toward the other end of the link). A directional antenna focuses the RF energy to the intended station rather than omni-directionally. This reduces interference from other systems operating at the same frequency. Note: In some situations, you may want to use an omni-directional antenna in your system design. For example, you would use an omni-directional antenna for a base station with remote sites situated in a 360… path around it. When you select an antenna, pay particular attention to the gain specification. When you select an antenna for a remote station, select an antenna with a gain that provides at least 15 dB fade margin. Antenna gain is specified in either dBi or dBd. When an antenna is specified in dBd, add 2.14 dB to the value to convert it to dBi. Calculating Propagation Loss The propagation loss is the attenuation (reduction) in RF signal energy as it travels through space. In most wireless systems, losses through space are the major contributor to signal attenuation. When you know the intended installation locations of the base and remote stations, determine the physical line of sight distance and then calculate the RF attenuation as follows: Formula: Attenuation (dB) for 2.4 GHz band = 100 dB + 20log(dkm) where: dkm = Distance in Kilometers 100 dB = Pathloss Constant in the 2.4 GHz band Working with the Fresnel Zone It is essential that you locate your antennas at maximum above-ground height to ensure that 1. all ground-based obstructions are cleared from the Line of Sight path 2. the Fresnel Zone is clear of obstructions 76 Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 Optimizing the RF Link The Fresnel Zone is the expansion of the RF signal radio angles in the vertical plane near the middle of the RF path. Following diagram shows a Fresnel Zone: Fresnel Zone First Fresnel Zone Line of Sight The maximum Fresnel Radius indicates that this path must be kept clear of obstructions. Fresnel Radius Ground For the 2.4 GHz band, the approximate Fresnel Radius calculated as follows: Formula: Fresnel Radius (meters) = 3.4 d km 2 d km + ---------- 8.12 Calculating Cable Loss Cable and connector losses affect the operation of the wireless link and therfore should be kept to a minimum. The two primary coaxial cable specifications for the Hopper Plus 12024 are: ¥ cable must be 50 ohms nominal impedance ¥ cable must be of a low loss type Generally, cable losses are specified in dB/foot or dB/meter. Following is an example of cable loss ratings: Cable Type (loss in dB/meter) Frequency LMR400 LMR600 LDF2-50 LDF4-50A LDF5-50A LDF6-50 2.4 GHz 0.22 0.144 0.190 0.128 0.073 0.053 Note: When you calculate path loss, you should add 1dB at each end of the link to compensate for connector losses in addition to the cable loss value. Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 77 Appendix A: Planning Your Wireless Link Calculating Path Loss Path loss describes the total RF attenuation throughout the system from Tx antenna to Rx antenna. This includes the losses as the RF signal travels through space plus Tx and Rx cable loss, and Tx and Rx connector loss. Use the following formula to calculate path loss: Formula: Path Loss = Tx and Rx Cable Loss + Tx and Rx Connector Loss + Propagation Loss Once you know the path loss, you can compare the value to the system gain value. If the system gain value is greater than the path loss, the link is feasible. See Working with System Gain on page 74 for more information about system gain. Total antenna gain is: Tx Antenna Gain + Rx Antenna Gain 78 Working with the Fade Margin The amount by which the system gain plus the total antenna gain exceeds the path loss is called the fade margin. As calculated, the fade margin is the number of dB that the received signal strength exceeds the minimum receiver sensitivity. You require some level of fade margin for any wireless system. The fade margin compensates for RF path fading due to weather conditions or objects that induce multipath interference. The Wi-LAN recommended fade margin for the Hopper Plus 120-24 is a minimum of 15 dB. The sum of the cable losses, connector losses, propagation losses, and the 15 dB required fade margin should be less than the sum of the system gain and antenna gain. Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 Link Budget Example Link Budget Example The values for cable and connector losses in this example are only for illustration. You will need to work these out for your specific installations. Putting everything together, you must satisfy the following equations to have a successful link: System Gain + Antenna Gain ≥ Propagation Loss + Desired Fade Margin + Cable Losses + Connector Losses Formulas: or Actual Fade Margin ≥ System Gain + Antenna Gain - Propagation Loss - Cable Losses - Connector Losses and Actual Fade Margin ≥ Desired Fade Margin where: System Gain = Tx Power - Rx Sensitivity Antenna Gains = Tx Antenna Gain + Rx Antenna Gain Cable Losses = Base Cable Losses + Remote Cable Losses Connector Losses = Base System Connector Losses + Remote System Connector Losses Variables: Desired Fade Margin 15 dB Tx Power Rx Sensitivity Tx Antenna Gain Rx Antenna Gain Propagation Loss for desired range of 1km Tx Cable Losses (2m LMR400) Rx Cable Losses (2m LMR 400) Tx Connector Losses Rx Connector Losses 18.5 dBm -83 dBm 11 dBi 9 dBi 100 + 20 x log(1) = 100 dB 2 * 0.22 = 0.44 dB 2 * 0.22 = 0.44 dB 1 dB 1 dB Variable Calculations: System Gain = 21 - (-79) = 100 dB Antenna Gains = 11 + 9 = 20 dBi Cable Losses = 0.44 + 0.44 = 0.88 dB Connector Losses = 1 + 1 = 2 dB Actual Fade Margin Calculation: Actual Fade Margin = 100 + 20 - 100 - .88 - 2 = 17.12 dB Analysis: We have achieved the goal of Actual Fade Margin ≥ 15 dB. Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 79 Appendix A: Planning Your Wireless Link Antenna Basics Antennas focus and absorb radio energy in specific directions, depending on their design. They can be tuned to certain frequency ranges; the Hopper Plus 120-24 antennas must be tuned to 2.4 - 2.5 GHz. This section contains some basic information about antenna parameters and how to select and install antennas for use in your wireless system. Antenna Parameters 80 Parameter Description Gain • Antennas have a gain associated with them, which is a measure of their ability to amplify signals in their tuned band. • Antenna gain is achieved by focusing the signal. A higher gain antenna has more compressed signal. dBd vs. dBi • Antenna gain must be measured over a known reference and is often expressed as either dBd or dBi. • dBd is antenna gain referenced over a half-wave dipole which is an antenna that has a donut shaped radiation pattern. • dBi is antenna gain referenced over an isotropic radiator which is a theoretical antenna that radiates equally in all directions (e.g. the sun). • Wi-LAN references antenna gain in dBi. The conversion factor is: 0 dBd = 2.14 dBi Beamwidth • The beamwidth of an antenna describes how a signal spreads out from the antenna, and the range of the reception area. • Beamwidth is measured between the points on the beam pattern at which the power density is half of the maximum power. This is often referred to as the -3 dB points. • A high gain antenna has a very narrow beamwidth and may be more difficult to align. Downtilt or uptilt • Some antennas have either an associated downtilt or an uptilt. The tilt further focuses the signal downward or upward with respect to the horizon. • A tilt may be either electrically built into the antenna or achieved mechanically with the mounting gear. • A downtilt or uptilt may be required when there is a significant deviation between the elevation of the remote site(s) and the base site. F/B • Front-to-back ratio. • Directional antennas focus the signal in a forward path. This is achieved by directing the signal in one direction that reduces the signal in the opposite direction. • A higher gain antenna typically has a greater F/B ratio. Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 Antenna Basics Parameter Description XPD • Polarity and Cross-Polarization Discrimination (XPD). • Antennas have an associated polarity, which is the orientation of the radiating element with respect to earth. • Antennas are usually described as vertical, horizontal, or circularly polarized. The polarity of all antennas used in a system must be the same. • Cross-Polarization Discrimination specifies the signal isolation achieved when the receiving element is perpendicular to the radiating element. This can be advantageous when co-locating radio systems. VSWR • Voltage standing wave ratio. • VSWR is the voltage ratio of minimum to maximum across a transmission line. • A VSWR of 2.0:1 or less in an antenna is considered effective. Most antennas have a VSWR of 1.5:1. • For example, when using a radio with a 4 watt output with an antenna VSWR of 1.5:1, the reflected power will be 160 milliwatts. Implementation Considerations Following are some key items to consider when selecting and installing antennas for your wireless network: Item Description Absorption • Antennas mounted too close to “soft” objects, such as trees, may experience a reduction in signal strength due to absorption. • Absorption is most often encountered in applications installed during the fall or winter months, and the problem does not become evident until the spring. Diffraction • Diffraction occurs when a radio signal reflects or bounces off of a solid object. • The level of diffraction could lead to connectivity problems if the remaining signal level is too low. • Two types of diffraction are shadowing and multipath. Shadowing • Shadowing is a form of diffraction that is typically caused when antennas are mounted too close to a structure and they lose a portion of the signal lobe due to reflection. The receive antenna is in a shadowed area. • To minimize shadowing, ensure that there is adequate height above structures when mounting antenna equipment. Multipath Interference • Multipath is a form of diffraction in which the reflected signal arrives at the receiver at different times which confuses the receiver. • Multipath may be interpreted as interference by the receive antenna, and can result in bit errors and processing delays. Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 81 Appendix A: Planning Your Wireless Link Selecting Antennas There are several factors to consider when selecting the right antenna for a wireless application. Following are some initial questions you should ask before selecting an antenna: ¥ What is the operating frequency range? ¥ Will this be a point-to-point or point-to-multipoint application? Ensure that you consider if the application will change in the future. ¥ What are the coverage requirements? ¥ How far is the remote site(s)? ¥ What is the gain requirement? ¥ What is the elevation of the remote site(s) with respect to the base station and will additional downtilt/uptilt be necessary at either the base or remote site to compensate? ¥ Will there be any obstructions in the path? ¥ Will systems be co-located? What polarity will be used? ¥ What are the regional environmental conditions? For example, is there windloading, salt air, excessive moisture, ice buildup? ¥ What is the antenna lifetime expectation? ¥ What are the site and mounting options? ¥ What are the restrictions in the locale regarding the effective radiated power permitted from the antenna? ¥ Will antenna appearance be a factor? Wi-LAN’s Antenna Selection Following are some antenna selections for the Wi-LAN Hopper Plus 120-24 product: Antenna Type Frequency Gain Omni 2.4 GHz 6, 9, 12 Dish 2.4 GHz 18, 19, 21, 24, 27 Planar 2.4 GHz 11, 13, 16 Antenna Installation Factors Following are some installation factors you should consider when installing antennas into your wireless system: 82 Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 Antenna Basics Factor Description Maximizing the Hopper Plus 12024’s Capabilities • • • • • Safety • Proper grounding of antenna apparatus in accordance with respective Electrical Code(s) is crucial. • Wi-LAN recommends using a surge arrestor where the antenna cable enters the building. • All installations should be completed by a qualified and competent RF technician. EIRP • Effective Isotropically Radiated Power (EIRP) • EIRP is the amount of power that is transmitted to the air from the antenna. • EIRP levels depend on the power of the radio transmitter, the size of the antenna, and the losses incurred in the antenna cable. • To remain license-exempt the EIRP must remain under 4 watts or 36 dBm in Canada and the United States for point-to-multipoint applications. In Europe, this value is reduced to 100 mW or 20 dBm. Note: EIRP = Power out of unit – Power lost in cable + Gain in power from Antenna Fade Margin See Calculating Fade Margins on page 72. LOS • Line of Sight (LOS) • LOS is a football shaped pattern known as the Fresnel Zone, which must be kept clear of obstructions. See Working with the Fresnel Zone on page 76 for more information. • Visual line of sight must be achieved. When standing at the antenna position, you must be able to see the remote antenna. Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 Minimize obstructions in the radio path. Line Of Sight (LOS) is crucial for reliability. Ensure that equipment is installed correctly. Ensure proper grounding, testing, and alignment of antennas. Install in environmental conditions that are suitable for the Hopper Plus 120-24. • Select proper antennas and cable for the application. • Ensure sufficient gain for the intended application. 83 Appendix A: Planning Your Wireless Link Minimal Clearance Above Obstructions For the Hopper Plus 120-24, the absolute minimum clearance above obstructions requirements are as follows (in meters): ¥ 3.4m × d km @ 2.4 GHz Following are some example clearance requirements: Metric Imperial Distance (km) 2.4 GHz Clearance (m) Distance (miles) 2.4 GHz Clearance (ft) 0.5 2.4 0.5 10.0 3.4 14.3 4.9 20.5 6.0 25.7 8.0 34.9 10.6 48.3 10 12.3 10 57.6 15 16.6 15 83.8 Note: There is also a correction factor added to compensate for curvature of the earth. This correction factor is not required when the correction value is negligible < 10 km. Wi-LAN s Link Analysis Spreadsheet takes this variable into account automatically. Installing Antennas If your antennas will be located on a support structure, or on top of a tower, you should have the antenna installed professionally. Ensure the following: ¥ dipole antennas are oriented vertically (point up). ¥ ¥ ¥ antennas for the system have the same polarity (vertical, horizontal, or circular). connectors attaching the coaxial cable to the antenna are properly weatherproofed. a drip loop is formed at the building entrance, to prevent water flowing down the coaxial cable and entering the installation building. the coaxial cable is secured to the supporting structure at one meter intervals. This prevents wind damage and frost loading problems. the antenna is firmly attached to the mast to prevent it from falling, yet has some flexibility so you can move the antenna to fine-tune its position. the coaxial cable is connected to the antenna and to the antenna port on both sides of the link (base and remote stations). the antennas are grounded properly. ¥ ¥ ¥ ¥ 84 Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 Antenna Basics Fine-tuning Antennas You can fine-tune the antennas by physically moving the antenna. When the remote antenna is correctly aligned, the AIR LED is orange, indicating appropriate reception and acknowledgment of sync tokens from the base station. You can use the Receive and Transmit operating modes to test the link while adjusting the antennas to minimize BER and lost packets, and maximize received power. You can use the RSSI operating mode to maximize RSSI. Once the antennas are adjusted to maximize performance, secure them properly to the support structures. Co-locating Units When Hopper Plus antennas are located on the same mast, you must take care to ensure the output power from one radio does not overpower another co-located bridge, even if the units are operating on different channels. Contact Wi-LAN technical support for antenna and installation assistance when co-locating units. Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 85 Appendix A: Planning Your Wireless Link 86 Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 Appendix B: Using HyperTerminal The Windows 95/98 operating system includes a terminal emulation program called HyperTerminal¤. You can use this program to access the Hopper Plus 120-24 configuration menus through the MANAGEMENT port on the front of the unit. Starting HyperTerminal To start HyperTerminal 1. In Windows 95 or 98, from the Start menu, select Programs, Accessories, Communications, HyperTerminal. The Connection Description window is displayed: 2. Select an icon for the HyperTerminal session and type a connection name. Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 87 Appendix B: Using HyperTerminal 3. Click OK. The Connect To window is displayed: 4. In the Connect using field, select the appropriate COM port. 5. Click OK. The COM Properties window is displayed: 88 Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 Starting HyperTerminal 6. Enter the following settings: Bits per second 9600 Data bits Parity None Stop bits Flow control None 7. Click OK. The Hopper - HyperTerminal window is displayed: 8. From the File menu, select Properties. The Hopper Properties window is displayed: Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 89 Appendix B: Using HyperTerminal 9. Click the Settings tab and then click ASCII Setup. The ASCII Setup window is displayed: 10. In the ASCII Sending area, choose the following settings: Send line ends with line feeds Clear the checkbox. Echo typed characters locally Clear the checkbox. Line delay Type 0. Character delay Type 0. 11. In the ASCII Receiving area, do the following: Append line feeds to incoming line ends Click to select the checkbox. Force incoming data to 7-bit ASCII Clear the checkbox. Wrap lines that exceed terminal width Click to select the checkbox. 12. Click OK. The ASCII Setup window closes. 13. Click OK. The Hopper Properties window closes. 14. Use a cross-connect RS-232 serial cable to connect the communications port of the PC to the DB9 connector on the Hopper Plus 120-24. 15. Power up the Hopper Plus 120-24 unit. 16. Press Enter. The Hopper Plus 120-24 Configuration menu is displayed in the HyperTerminal window. 90 Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 Determining the Communications Port Determining the Communications Port To set the communications port in the HyperTerminal session, you need to know which communications port you are using on your computer. Most laptops are connected through COM 1, but PCs can use COM 1 through 3. To determine the communications port 1. Right-click the My Computer icon on your desktop and from the shortcut menu, select Properties. The System Properties window is displayed: 2. Click the Device Manager tab and click Ports (COM & LPT). A list of the available communications ports appears. 3. Select the appropriate port for your HyperTerminal session. Note: A connection to the Hopper Plus 120-24 Configuration menus will not be established if the wrong port is selected. If this occurs, reconfigure the HyperTerminal to connect using another available communications port. Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 91 Appendix B: Using HyperTerminal 92 Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 Appendix C: Configuring a Simple Data Network A simple peer-to-peer network can be configured to perform file transfers between two computers. This section describes the following: ¥ Checking the Network Adaptor Installation ¥ Configuring the Network ¥ Enabling the Sharing Feature on the Hard Disk Drive Checking the Network Adaptor Installation To check the network adaptor installation 1. From the Start menu, select Settings, Control Panel. The Control Panel window appears. 2. Double-click the System icon. The System Properties window appears. 3. Click the Device Manager tab. 4. Double-click Network Adapters. A list of installed devices appears. 5. Check for trouble indicators with the previously installed network adaptor(s). 6. Click OK. The Control Panel window appears. Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 93 Appendix C: Configuring a Simple Data Network Configuring the Network To configure the network 1. In the Control Panel window, double-click the Network icon. The Network window is displayed: 94 Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 Configuring the Network 2. In the list of network components area, double-click Client for Microsoft Networks. The Client for Microsoft Networks Properties window is displayed: Note: If Client for Microsoft Networks is not listed, click Add and select Client, Add, Microsoft, Client for Microsoft Networks, and then click OK. 3. In the Client for Microsoft Networks Properties window, do the following: Log on to Windows NT domain Clear the checkbox. Windows NT domain Clear the field. Logon and restore network connections. Click the button. 4. Click OK. The Client for Microsoft Networks Properties window closes. Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 95 Appendix C: Configuring a Simple Data Network 5. In the Network window, double-click TCP/IP. The TCP/IP Properties window is displayed: Note: If TCP/IP is not listed in the Network window, click Add and select Protocol, Add, Microsoft, TCP/IP, and then click OK. 6. Click the IP Address tab. 7. Click Specify an IP Address, and type the following: IP Address 196.2.2.1 Note: Increment the last digit by 1 (i.e. type 196.2.2.2) when configuring the second computer. Subnet Mask 255.255.255.0 Note: This number is the same for both computers. 8. Click OK. 9. Click File and Print Sharing. The File and Print Sharing window appears. 10. Click to select the I want to be able to give others access to my files checkbox. 11. Click OK. 12. In the Network window, click the Identification tab and type the following: 96 Computer Name A unique name for each computer. For example, computer 1 and computer 2. Workgroup A workgroup name. For example, Test. Note: All computers in the network must have the same workgroup name. Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 Enabling the Sharing Feature on the Hard Disk Drive Computer Description 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. A description of the type of computer used. For example, laptop or desktop. In the Network window, click the Access Control tab. Click Share Level Access Control. Click OK. You are prompted to restart your computer. Click Yes. Wait for your computer to restart, then proceed with Enabling the Sharing Feature on the Hard Disk Drive. Enabling the Sharing Feature on the Hard Disk Drive To enable the sharing feature on the hard disk drive 1. On the desktop, double-click My Computer. The My Computer window is displayed: Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 97 Appendix C: Configuring a Simple Data Network 2. Right-click the hard disk drive icon (typically drive C:), and select Open. The Properties window is displayed: 3. Click the Sharing tab, and choose the following: Shared As Click the radio button. Share Name Type C. Comment Leave this field blank. Access Type Click to select Full. Passwords Leave these fields blank. 4. Click OK. 5. Repeat this procedure for all PCs in the network. Once all PCs in the network have been shared, you can view the network by double clicking the Network Neighborhood icon that appears on each PC desktop. 98 Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 Appendix D: SNMP MIB About SNMP MIB Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) Management Information Block (MIB) software is included with each Hopper Plus unit. It enables you to configure, monitor, and control units via the Ethernet or air. (SNMP-compatible network management software is available commercially and as shareware.) Units in remote and hard-to-reach locations can be easily configured, and network managers can avoid or reduce downtime by monitoring network throughput, packet collision rates, and interference. SNMP is a protocol used to remotely manage network elements by polling, setting terminal values, and monitoring network statistics and events. It provides a mechanism for the exchange of management information in a TCP/IP-based Internet environment. Community names are used by the SNMP manager to determine access privileges (see Setting Community Names on page 58). SNMP consists of three elements. SNMP Element Description Manager Is installed on the network’s host computer and is controlled by the network administrator. From the host, the Manager configures Agents, or polls Agents for information. Agent Runs on each unit. An Agent accepts configuration commands from the Manager and collects network and terminal information specified in the MIB. Management Information Block (MIB) Is a database that is accessed by a specific set of commands that you execute using the SNMP manager. There is a standard MIB and a Wi-LAN customized MIB that stores information relevant to the operation of a wireless network. Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 99 Appendix D: SNMP MIB Wi-LAN Object Identifier Nodes The Hopper Plus 120-24 uses SNMP version 1, which is MIB 2 compliant. All OID (Object Identifier) nodes in the 120-24 private Wi-LAN MIB are numbered 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.n where n is a private Wi-LAN MIB node number or branch of nodes. All nodes containing statistical information are cleared on power up and reset. Values in all writeable nodes are stored in FLASH and are retained until overwritten by the administrator, even following power down or reset. 100 From To Classification 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.1 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.104 Configuration 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.100.1 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.100.7 Configuration: System Image List 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.2.1 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.2.7 System Status 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.1 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.32 Statistics 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.4.1 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.4.7 System Commands Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 Address/Node 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.1 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.2 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.3 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.4 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.5 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.6 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.7 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.8 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.9 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.10 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.11 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.12 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.13 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.14 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.15 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.16 Node Label serialNumber productionDate macAddress systemName unitLocation contactName config7 config8 config9 ipAddress ipNewAddress ipSubnetMask ipGatewayAddr ipNetmanAddr ipPacketFiltering ipAddressFiltering Group Configuration Configuration Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 Configuration Configuration Configuration Configuration Configuration Configuration Configuration Configuration Configuration Configuration Configuration Configuration Configuration Configuration INTEGER INTEGER IpAddress IpAddress IpAddress IpAddress IpAddress INTEGER INTEGER INTEGER DisplayString (0..31) DisplayString (0..31) DisplayString (0..31) PhysAddress DisplayString (0..15) DisplayString (0..15) Syntax Following are descriptions of the nodes in the Hopper Plus 120-24 MIB: Using Object Identifier Nodes Read/Write Read/Write Read/Write Read/Write Read/Write Read/Write Read Only Read/Write Read/Write Read/Write Read Only Read Only Read Only Access IP address filtering: 0 = disabled, 1 = enabled. IP packet filtering: 0 = disabled, 1 = enabled. SNMP network management station IP address. IP default gateway address (currently not used). IP Subnet Mask: default = 255.255.255.0. New Internet IP Address. Internet IP Address: default = 192.168.1.100. Spare. Spare. Spare. User configurable Contact Name. User configurable Unit Location. The Hopper Plus 120-24 unit System Name. Ethernet MAC Address. The Hopper Plus 120-24 unit Date of Manufacture. The Hopper Plus 120-24 unit Serial Number. Description Using Object Identifier Nodes 101 102 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.19 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.20 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.21 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.22 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.23 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.24 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.25 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.26 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.27 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.28 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.29 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.30 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.31 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.32 ipFilter2Range ipFilter2Base ipFilter3Range ipFilter3Base ipFilter4Range ipFilter4Base ipFilter5Range ipFilter5Base config27 config28 config29 stationType stationRank centerFreq Configuration Configuration Configuration Configuration Configuration Configuration Configuration Configuration Configuration Configuration Configuration Configuration Configuration Configuration 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.33 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.18 ipFilter1Base Configuration securityWord1 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.17 ipFilter1Range Configuration Configuration Address/Node Node Label Group INTEGER INTEGER INTEGER INTEGER INTEGER INTEGER INTEGER IpAddress INTEGER IpAddress INTEGER IpAddress INTEGER IpAddress INTEGER IpAddress INTEGER Syntax Read Only Read Only Read Only Read Only Read/Write Read/Write Read/Write Read/Write Read/Write Read/Write Read/Write Read/Write Read/Write Read/Write Access 2.4258 2.4302 2.4345 2.4400 Channel Current RF security password 1. Frequency Channel 2.4542 2.4498 2.4455 Frequency Current RF center frequency (GHz) Current station RF rank: 1 to 1000. Current station type: 0 = remote, 1 = base. Spare. Spare. Spare. IP filter 5 base address. IP address filter 5 range: (0-255). IP filter 4 base address. IP address filter 4 range: (0-255). IP filter 3 base address. IP address filter 3 range: (0-255). IP filter 2 base address. IP address filter 2 range: (0-255). IP filter 1 base address. IP address filter 1 range: (0-255). Description Appendix D: SNMP MIB Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 Address/Node 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.34 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.35 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.36 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.37 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.38 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.39 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.40 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.41 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.42 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.43 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.44 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.45 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.46 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.47 Node Label securityWord2 securityWord3 securityWord4 securityWord5 scramblingCode acquisitionCode configMinutes repeaterMode systemType remoteGroup config44 config45 defStationType defStationRank Group Configuration Configuration Configuration Configuration Configuration Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 Configuration Configuration Configuration Configuration Configuration Configuration Configuration Configuration Configuration INTEGER INTEGER INTEGER INTEGER INTEGER INTEGER INTEGER INTEGER INTEGER INTEGER INTEGER INTEGER INTEGER INTEGER Syntax Read Only Read Only Read Only Read Only Read Only Read Only Read Only Read Only Read Only Read Only Read Only Read Only Access Default Station RF Rank. Default Station type: 0 = remote, 1 = base. Spare. Spare. Current RF group identifier: 0 = closed, 1 - 63 = special group. Current base station symmetry: 0 = asymmetric, 1 = symmetric. Current base station repeater mode: 0 = disabled, 1 = enabled. Current RF configuration test minutes (1120). Current RF acquisition code (0-15). Current RF scrambling code word. Current RF security password 5. Current RF security password 4. Current RF security password 3. Current RF security password 2. Description Using Object Identifier Nodes 103 104 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.62 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.58 defSystemType Configuration newStationType 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.57 deRepeaterMode Configuration Configuration 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.56 defConfigMinutes Configuration 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.61 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.55 defAcquisitionCode Configuration config61 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.54 defScramblingCode Configuration Configuration 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.53 defSecurityWord5 Configuration 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.60 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.52 defSecurityWord4 Configuration config60 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.51 defSecurityWord3 Configuration Configuration 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.50 defSecurityWord2 Configuration 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.59 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.49 defSecurityWord1 Configuration defRemoteGroup 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.48 defCenterFreq Configuration Configuration Address/Node Node Label Group INTEGER INTEGER INTEGER INTEGER INTEGER INTEGER INTEGER INTEGER INTEGER INTEGER INTEGER INTEGER INTEGER INTEGER INTEGER Syntax Read/Write Read Only Read Only Read Only Read Only Read Only Read Only Read Only Read Only Read Only Read Only Read Only Read Only Access 2.4258 2.4302 2.4345 2.4400 Channel New station type: 0 = remote, 1 = base. Spare. Spare. Default RF group identifier: 0 = closed, 1 - 63 = special group. Default base station symmetry type: 0 = asymmetric, 1 = symmetric. Default base station repeater mode: 0 = disabled, 1 = enabled. Default RF configuration test minutes (1-120). Default RF acquisition code (0-15). 2.4542 2.4498 2.4455 Frequency Default RF scrambling code word. Default RF security password 5. Default RF security password 4. Default RF security password 3. Default RF security password 2. Default RF security password 1. Frequency Channel FLASH RF center frequency (GHz) Description Appendix D: SNMP MIB Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 Address/Node 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.63 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.64 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.65 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.66 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.67 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.68 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.69 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.70 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.71 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.72 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.73 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.74 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.75 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.76 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.77 Node Label newStationRank newCenterFreq newSecurityWord1 newSecurityWord2 newSecurityWord3 newSecurityWord4 newSecurityWord5 newScramblingCode newAcquisitionCode newConfigMinutes newRepeaterMode newSystemType newRemoteGroup config76 config77 Group Configuration Configuration Configuration Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 Configuration Configuration Configuration Configuration Configuration Configuration Configuration Configuration Configuration Configuration Configuration Configuration INTEGER INTEGER INTEGER INTEGER INTEGER INTEGER INTEGER INTEGER INTEGER INTEGER INTEGER INTEGER INTEGER INTEGER INTEGER Syntax Read/Write Read/Write Read/Write Read/Write Read/Write Read/Write Read/Write Read/Write Read/Write Read/Write Read/Write Read/Write Read/Write Access 2.4258 2.4302 2.4345 2.4400 Channel 2.4542 2.4498 2.4455 Frequency Spare. Spare. New RF group identifier: 0 = closed, 1 - 63 = special group. New base station symmetry type: 0 = asymmetric, 1 = symmetric. New base station repeater mode: 0 = disabled, 1 = enabled. New RF configuration test minutes (1-120). New RF acquisition code (0-15). New RF scrambling code word. New RF security password 5. New RF security password 4. New RF security password 3. New RF security password 2. New RF security password 1. Frequency Channel New RF center frequency (GHz) New station RF rank (1-1000). Description Using Object Identifier Nodes 105 Address/Node 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.78 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.79 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.80 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.81 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.82 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.83 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.84 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.85 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.86 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.87 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.88 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.89 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.90 Node Label stationMode rfTransmitStatus linkMonitorPeriod testModeTimer dynamicPolling remoteDistance linkMonitorRank throttleEnable throttleLevel config87 config88 config89 communityName1 Group Configuration 106 Configuration Configuration Configuration Configuration Configuration Configuration Configuration Configuration Configuration Configuration Configuration Configuration DisplayString (0..15) INTEGER INTEGER INTEGER INTEGER INTEGER INTEGER INTEGER INTEGER INTEGER INTEGER INTEGER INTEGER Syntax Read/Write Read/Write Read/Write Read/Write Read/Write Read/Write Read/Write Read/Write Read/Write Read/Write Access 2.4258 2.4302 2.4345 2.4400 Channel 2.4542 2.4498 2.4455 Frequency Read-only access community name. Spare. Spare. Spare. RF throttle level (1-50). Throttling enable: 0 = disabled, 1 = enabled. Link monitor remote station rank (1-1000). Frequency Channel Maximum remote unit distance (km) Dynamic polling level (1-60). Test mode timer minutes (1-1000). Link monitor period (0-10000): 0 = disabled, 1 - 10,000 = number of data superframes per single test superframe. RF transmit status: 0 = blocked, 1 = unblocked. Operating mode: 0 = normal, 1 = Rx Test, 2 = Tx Test, 3 = RSSI Test. Description Appendix D: SNMP MIB Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 Address/Node 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.91 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.92 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.93 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.94 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.95 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.96 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.97 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.98 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.99 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.100 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.100.1 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.100.2 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.100.3 Node Label communityName2 ethernetAccess wirelessAccess config94 currentImage defaultImage prevDefaultImage config98 config99 systemImageList systemImageNumber systemImageName systemImageRevn Group Configuration Configuration Configuration Configuration Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 Configuration Configuration Configuration Configuration Configuration Configuration Configuration: System Image List Configuration: System Image List Configuration: System Image List Read Only Read/Write Read Only Read Only Read Only Read/Write Access DisplayString (0..15) DisplayString (0..15) INTEGER Read Only Read Only Read Only SEQUENCE N/A OF SystemImage Entry INTEGER INTEGER DisplayString (0..15) DisplayString (0..15) DisplayString (0..15) INTEGER INTEGER INTEGER DisplayString (0..15) Syntax System image revision identifier. System image file name. System image number. System Image List Branch. Spare. Spare. Previous default system image file name. Selects specified system image file as default. Current system image file name. Spare. Wireless access to local host: 0 = disabled, 1 = enabled. Ethernet access to local host: 0 = disabled, 1 = enabled. Read-Write access community name. Description Using Object Identifier Nodes 107 108 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.2.4 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.2.5 loginFails localUser System Status System Status 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.2 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.2.3 loginOkays System Status etherRxLocalPkts 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.2.2 systemHours System Status Statistics 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.2.1 totalHours System Status 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.1 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.104 config104 Configuration etherRxTotalPkts 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.103 config103 Configuration Statistics 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.102 config102 Configuration 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.2.7 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.101 config101 Configuration ftpUser 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.100.7 systemImageText Configuration: System Image List System Status 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.100.6 systemImageSize Configuration: System Image List 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.2.6 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.100.5 systemImageTime Configuration: System Image List telnetUser 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.100.4 systemImageDate Configuration: System Image List System Status Address/Node Node Label Group Counter Counter INTEGER INTEGER INTEGER Counter Counter Counter Counter INTEGER INTEGER INTEGER INTEGER DisplayString (0..15) INTEGER DisplayString (0..15) DisplayString (0..15) Syntax Read Only Read Only Read Only Read Only Read Only Read Only Read Only Read Only Read Only Read Only Read Only Read Only Read Only Access Ethernet packets received for local host. Total Ethernet packets received. FTP user login status: 0 = none, 1 = user, 2 = supervisor. Telnet user login status: 0 = none, 1 = user, 2 = supervisor. Local user login status: 0 = none, 1 = user, 2 = supervisor. Number of unsuccessful login attempts. Number of successful logins. Current run-time hours since powerup. Cumulative run-time hours. Spare. Spare. Spare. Spare. System image descriptive text. System image file size. Time system image file was last changed. System image file date. Description Appendix D: SNMP MIB Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.5 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.6 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.7 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.8 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.9 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.10 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.11 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.12 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.13 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.14 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.15 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.16 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.17 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.18 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.19 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.20 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.21 etherRxDiscardPkts etherTxTotalPkts etherTxDroppedPkts rfRxTotalPkts rfRxLocalPkts rfRxDroppedPkts rfRxDiscardedPkts rfTxTotalPkts rfTxLocalPkts rfTxDroppedPkts rfRxSframeCount rfRxOverrunErrors rfRxSFrameErrors rfRxChecksumErrors rfRxPacketErrors rfRxLengthErrors rfTxSuperFrameCnt Statistics Statistics Statistics Statistics Statistics Statistics Statistics Statistics Statistics Statistics Statistics Statistics Statistics Statistics Statistics Statistics Statistics 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.22 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.4 etherRxDroppedPkts Statistics rfEtoIThroughput 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.3 etherRxErrorPkts Statistics Statistics Address/Node Node Label Group Counter Counter Counter Counter Counter Counter Counter Counter Counter Counter Counter Counter Counter Counter Counter Counter Counter Counter Counter Counter Syntax Read Only Read Only Read Only Read Only Read Only Read Only Read Only Read Only Read Only Read Only Read Only Read Only Read Only Read Only Read Only Read Only Read Only Read Only Read Only Read Only Access Ethernet to RF throughput. Number of RF super frames transmitted. Number of RF super frame length errors. Number of RF packet control work errors. Number of RF super frame header checksum errors. Number of RF super frame control word errors. Number of RF overrun errors. Total RF super frames received. Number of transmitted RF packets dropped. Number of transmitted local RF packets. Total transmitted RF packets. Number of received RF packets discarded. Number of received RF packets dropped. Total received RF packets for local host. Total received RF packets. Number of transmitted Ethernet packets dropped. Total Ethernet packets transmitted. Number of received Ethernet packets discarded. Number of received Ethernet packets dropped. Ethernet packets received in error. Description Using Object Identifier Nodes 109 110 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.31 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.32 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.4.1 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.4.2 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.4.3 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.4.4 linkMonCorrPBtoR linkMonCorrPRtoB rebootCurrent rebootImage rebootnewRFConfig restFactConfReboot Statistics Statistics System Commands System Commands System Commands System Commands 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.4.7 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.30 linkMonEnvPRtoB Statistics resetEthernetStats 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.29 linMonEnvPBtoR Statistics System Commands 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.28 linkMonMissPktCnt Statistics 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.4.6 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.27 linkMonBtoRber Statistics resetRadioStats 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.26 linkMonRtoBber Statistics System Commands 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.25 linkMonitorRank1 Statistics 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.4.5 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.24 statistics24 Statistics saveConfToFlash 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.23 rfItoEThroughput Statistics System Commands Address/Node Node Label Group INTEGER INTEGER INTEGER INTEGER INTEGER DisplayString (0..15) INTEGER INTEGER INTEGER INTEGER INTEGER Counter DisplayString (0..8) DisplayString (0..8) INTEGER Counter Counter Syntax Read/Write Read/Write Read/Write Read/Write Read/Write Read/Write Read/Write Read Only Read Only Read Only Read Only Read Only Read Only Read Only Read Only Read Only Access Reset Ethernet statistics: 1 = reset. Reset radio statistics: 1 = reset. Save current configuration to flash: 1 = save. Restore factory configuration and reboot: 1 = restore. Reboot new RF configuration: 1 = reboot. Reboot specified system image: system image file name. Reboot current system image: 1 = reboot. Link monitor remote to base correlation power. Link monitor base to remote correlation power. Link monitor remote to base envelope power. Link monitor base to remote envelope power. Link monitor missed packet count. Link monitor base to remote bit error rate. Link monitor remote to base bit error rate. Link monitor remote station rank. Spare. RF to Ethernet throughput. Description Appendix D: SNMP MIB Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 Appendix E: Technical Reference Information Front Panel LEDs LED Type Color Status AIR Orange (both units) The units are configured correctly: the base and remote units are transmitting and receiving data. Green (remote) The units are configured incorrectly: the remote unit is receiving data from the air but can not respond. Red (base) The units are configured incorrectly: the base unit is transmitting without receiving acknowledgment. Off Listening to the air Green Receive test mode - RS-232 displays statistics Red Continuous Transmit test mode Orange RSSI test mode - measures fade margin Off Normal transceiver mode Green Receiving data from the wire Red Transmitting data to the wire Orange Transmitting and receiving data on the wire Off Listening to the wire Green Power is connected to the transceiver Off No power is connected to the transceiver MODE WIRE POWER Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 111 Appendix E: Technical Reference Information Power Connector Pinout Hopper PLUS 120-24, Rear View Power Connector Power Connector Pinout Pin 1 Pin 2 Pin 3 112 +12 VDC GND N/C Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 Glossary absorption Antennas mounted too close to soft objects, such as trees, may experience a reduction in signal strength due to absorption. Absorption is most often encountered in applications installed during the fall or winter months. The problem does not become evident until the spring. acquisition code To minimize the effects of interference, all units in a system use the same acquisition code so the receivers can distinguish the desired signal from interfering signals. agent In an SNMP context, the agent runs on each unit. An agent accepts configuration commands from the manager and collects network and terminal information specified in the MIB. antenna A device which accepts electromagnetic energy from a circuit or wire and radiates it into space rather than confining it. antenna gain Gain of the antenna over a dipole (dBd) or isotropic (dBi). ¥ Antennas have a gain associated with them, which is a measure of their ability to amplify signals in their tuned band. ¥ Antenna gain is achieved by focusing the signal. A higher gain antenna has more compressed signal. attenuation Any loss in signal strength, due to resistance, absorption, capacitance, or any characteristic of the medium or design of the system. beamwidth The beamwidth of an antenna describes how a signal spreads out from the antenna as well as the range of the reception area. Beamwidth is measured between the points on the beam pattern at which the power density is half of the maximum power. This is often referred to Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 113 Glossary as the -3 dB points. A high gain antenna has a very narrow beamwidth and may be more difficult to align. BER Bit Error Rate. A percentage of bits per million, showing the number of bits in error compared to the data bits actually sent. blocking Blocking is an operating mode where the radio receives only. Unblocked is the normal operating mode. cable loss The signal loss experienced as it passes through the coax cable. Expressed in dB. channel The width of the spectrum band taken by a radio signal, usually measured in kilohertz (kHz). coaxial cable A type of wire where the inner conductor is surrounded by an outer conductor. The outer conductor serves as an electrical shield. collision The situation that exists when two users try to send a signal over the same medium at the same time, and the signal uses the same frequencies. configuration menus The menu based user interface on the Hopper Plus 120-24 that allows the viewing and configuration of Hopper Plus 120-24 parameters. contentionless polling The Hopper Plus 120-24 uses a form of dynamic polling that ignores idle remote stations. The number of polls that an idle remote is ignored can be set to maximize polling to active stations. Cross-Polarization Discrimination See XPD. dB Decibel. A relative measure of power used to specify power gains and losses. The difference in power P1 and P2 expressed in dB is: P1 dB = 10 × log ------- P2 DB9 A D-shaped connector with 9 pins. 114 Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 dBd dBd is antenna gain referenced over a half-wave dipole which is an antenna that has a donut shaped radiation pattern. Gain of a Standard Dipole = 2.14 dBi. dBi dBi is antenna gain referenced over an isotropic radiator which is a theoretical antenna that radiates equally in all directions (e.g. the sun). Wi-LAN references antenna gain in dBi. The conversion factor is: 0 dBd = 2.14 dBi dBm A power measurement referenced to one milliwatt. This is an absolute measure of power rather than a relative measure such as a gain or a loss. diffraction Diffraction occurs when a radio signal reflects or bounces off of a solid object. The level of diffraction could lead to connectivity problems if the remaining signal level is too low. Two types of diffraction are shadowing and multipath. downtilt Some antennas have either an associated downtilt or an uptilt. The tilt further focuses the signal either downward or upward with respect to the horizon. A tilt may be either electrically built into the antenna or achieved mechanically with the mounting gear. An downtilt or uptilt may be required when there is a significant deviation between the elevation of the remote site(s) and the base site. dynamic polling A polling protocol in which idle units are not polled as frequently as active units. Since less time is spent polling idle remotes, there are more available resources for active units and overhead is reduced. EEPROM Electrically Erasable, Programable Read Only Memory: Non-volatile memory, but must be removed from board to be erased. EIRP Effective Isotropically Radiated Power. EIRP is the amount of power that is transmitted to the air from the antenna. EIRP levels depend on the power of the radio transmitter, the size of the antenna, and the losses incurred in the antenna cable. To remain license exempt the EIRP must remain under 4 watts or 36 dBm in Canada and the United States for point-to-multipoint applications. In Europe, this value is reduced to 100 mW or to 20 dBm. Note: EIRP = Power out of unit — Power lost in cable + Gain in power from Antenna Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 115 Glossary ERP Effective Radiated Power. The power radiating from an antenna taking into account the output power from the transmitter, connector losses, cable losses, and the antenna gain. ETSI European Telecommunications Standards Institute. fade margin The amount that the system gain plus the total antenna gain exceeds the path loss is called the fade margin. The fade margin is calculated as the number of dB that the received signal strength exceeds the minimum receiver sensitivity. filtering Filtering in remote stations limits certain data packets. FLASH A type of electrically erasable non-volatile memory that can easily be erased without removal from the board. Using FLASH, Hopper Plus 120-24 units can be upgraded in the field. Fresnel zone One of a (theoretically infinite) number of a concentric ellipsoids of revolution which define volumes in the radiation pattern of a (usually) circular aperture. Notes: ¥ The cross-section of the first Fresnel zone is circular. Subsequent Fresnel zones are annular in cross-section, and concentric with the first. ¥ Odd-numbered Fresnel zones have relatively intense field strengths, whereas even-numbered Fresnel zones are nulls. ¥ Fresnel zones result from diffraction by the circular aperture. front to back ratio (F/B) Directional antennas focus the signal in a forward path. This is achieved by directing the signal in one direction that reduces the signal in the opposite direction. A higher gain antenna typically has a greater F/B ratio. IEEE Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers. image An image is a collection of configurations or settings for a particular device. With the Hopper Plus 120-24, the System Image File contains a collection of configurations that are used when the unit is rebooted. interference Any signal that tends to hamper the normal reception of a desired signal. Equivalent to jamming except considered non-hostile in origin. 116 Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 ISM Industrial, Scientific, and Medical. It is the family of license-exempt radio bands in North America and some European countries. It is also referred to as part 15.247 in the FCC regulation that defines the parameters for use of the ISM band in the U.S., including power outputs, spread-spectrum, and noninterference. link monitor A Hopper Plus 120-24 utility that sends known data over an active system to test the reliability of the RF link. The link monitor information is overhead, that is, it reduces the amount of available payload for message data. LOS (Line of Sight) LOS is a elliptical pattern known as the Fresnel Zone, which must be kept clear of obstructions. Visual line of sight must be achieved. When standing at the antenna position, you must be able to see the remote antenna. MAC address Media Access Control address. Alphanumeric characters that uniquely identify a network-connected device. Management Information Block See MIB. manager When used in SNMP, this element is installed on the network s host computer and is controlled by the network administrator. From the host, the manager configures agents, or polls agents for information. MIB Management Information Block. The MIB is a database which is accessed by a specific set of commands that you can execute using the SNMP Manager. There is a standard MIB and a Wi-LAN customized MIB that stores information relevant to the operation of a wireless network. multipath interference Multipath is a form of diffraction in which the reflected signal arrives at the receiver at different times which confuses the receiver. Multipath may be interpreted as interference by the receive antenna, and can result in bit errors and processing delays. OID nodes Object Identifier Nodes. These are the individual nodes in a MIB. See SNMP and MIB. Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 117 Glossary overhead Anything that reduces the payload capacity of a system is overhead, even if serves a useful function. The link monitor data is used to determine transmission statistics, but it reduces the message carrying capacity of the Hopper 120-24 system and is considered overhead. path loss The total loss from one end of the path to the other. This includes propagation losses, cable losses, and any other losses that impact the system performance. point-to-multipoint A wireless system where one base unit communicates with many remote units. The base unit polls all the remotes, and data passes between units to complete the network. point-to-point The simplest wireless system consisting of a base and one remote. polling The base unit in a Hopper Plus 120-24 point-to-multipoint system handles multiple remotes by polling each one sequentially. When a base polls a remote, data exchange between that remote and the base takes place. The remote cannot exchange information with the base until it is polled again. propagation loss The signal loss experienced as it travels through the air. Expressed in dB. RF Radio Frequency. A system of communication using electromagnetic waves propagated through space. Because of varying characteristics, radio waves of different lengths are used for different purposes and are usually identified by their frequency. RS-232 Standards for serial communications, which define the voltages, currents, data rates, and other factors about the signals to be used, as well as single-ended, differential, multi-drop operation. RSSI Received Signal Strength Indicator. Strength of received signal expressed in dB. The Hopper Plus 120-24 measures RSSI as a fade margin value. sensitivity The minimum signal strength required for usable performance. Expressed in dBm. 118 Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 shadowing Shadowing is a form of diffraction that is typically caused when antennas are mounted too close to a structure, and they lose a portion of the signal lobe due to reflection. The receive antenna is in a shadowed area. To minimize shadowing, ensure that there is adequate height above when mounting antenna equipment to a structure. SNMP Simple Network Management Protocol. A protocol you can use to remotely manage a network element by polling, setting terminal values, and monitoring network statistics and events. It is the de-facto internet work management standard, designed to provide a mechanism for the exchange of management information in a TCP/IP-based Internet environment. spread spectrum Any of a group of modulation formats in which an RF bandwidth much wider than signal bandwidth is used to transmit information, resulting in a greater immunity to noise interference. system gain The maximum path loss that the system can support for usable data transmission. system image file The Hopper Plus 120-24 uses system image files to store system configuration settings. The default system image file is called factory-image and is when the Hopper Plus is first powered up. telnet An Internet communications protocol that enables a computer to function as a terminal working on a remote computer. A computer with a network connection to a Hopper Plus 120-24 system can Telnet to any of the (configured) Hopper Plus 120-24 units and access their configuration menus. throttling Throttling limits the amount of data that a remote station passes. uptilt See downtilt. XPD (Cross-Polarization Discrimination) Refers to polarity and Cross-Polarization Discrimination. Antennas have an associated polarity, which is the orientation of the radiating element with respect to earth. Antennas are usually described as being vertical, horizontal, or circularly polarized. The polarity of all antennas used in a system must be the same. XPD specifies the amount of signal Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 119 Glossary isolation achieved when the receiving element is perpendicular to the radiating element. This can be advantageous when co-locating radio systems. VSWR (Voltage Standing Wave Ratio) VSWR is the voltage ratio of minimum to maximum across a transmission line. A VSWR of 2.0:1 or less in an antenna is considered effective. Most antennas have a VSWR of 1.5:1. For example, when using a radio with a 4 watt output with an antenna VSWR of 1.5:1, the reflected power will be 160 milliwatts. 120 Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 Index Numerics 10/100 BaseT connector 5 absorption and antennas 81 defined 113 accessing configuration menus 16—18 acquisition code configuring 47 defined 113 address default gateway IP address 27 internet IP address 26 SNMP NMS trap IP address 28 agents defined 113 SNMP 99 antennas 80—84 absorption 81 beamwidth 80 clearance requirements 84 connector 5 cross-polarization discrimination 81 dBd vs. dBi 80 defined 113 diffraction 81 downtilt 80 EIRP 83 fade margin 83 fine-tuning 85 front to back ratio 80 gain 73, 76, 80, 113 implementation consideration 81 installation factors 82 installing 84 LOS 83 Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 maximizing capabilities 83 minimal clearance 84 multipath interference 81 pre-installation 71 safety 83 selecting 82 shadowing 81 uptilt 80 voltage standing wave ratio 81 arrow keys setting in telnet sessions 18 asymmetric base station system type 50 attenuation and antennas 76 defined 113 back panel 4 LED 5 base station repeater mode 49 setting 42 setting link monitor from 38 system symmetry type asymmetric 50 symmetric 50 beamwidth and antennas 80 defined 113 bit error rate defined 114 display in link monitor 66 blocking defined 114 bridges testing 11 121 Index cable loss and link budget variables 73 defined 114 cabling 6, 13 calculating EIRP 75 Fresnel radius 77 propagation loss 76 center frequencies configuring 44, 45 clearance requirements antennas 84 coaxial cable 114 collision and the SNMP manager 99 defined 114 command line 70 community names setting 20, 58 configuration menus accessing 16 navigating 16 configuration settings restoring factory configuration 64 configuring acquisition code 47 base station dynamic polling level 51 maximum remote distance 37 repeater mode 49 system symmetry type 50 center frequencies 44, 45 community names 20, 58 default gateway IP address 27 default system image file 62 Ethernet access 60 HyperTerminal 87 internet IP address 26 internet IP subnet mask 27 IP settings ??—28 link monitor 38 network configuring Hopper Plus 120-24 ??—98 networks 94—97 operating mode 34 passwords login 59 radios 41—54 rank 43 122 remote access 60 remote station RF group 52 throttling 40 scrambling code 46 SNMP NMS trap IP address 28 station type 42 test mode timer 32 timeout login 61 unit contact name 22 identification 20 location 22 name 21 connectors 10/100 BaseT 5 antenna 5 power supply 5 contacting Wi-LAN customer support vi contentionless polling 1 defined 114 copyright notice v correlation power and the link monitor display 66 cross-polarization discrimination and antennas 81 defined 119 current image rebooting 63 customer support vi dB and link budget 73 defined 114 DB9 114 dBd and link budget 73 defined 115 vs. dBi 80 dBi and link budget 73 defined 115 dBm and link budget 73 default IP gateway address 27 Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 system image file 62 diffraction and antennas 81 defined 115 distance setting maximum remote distance 37 downtilt antennas 80 defined 115 EEPROM 115 EIRP and link budget variables 73 antennas 83 calculating 75 defined 115 enabling link monitor 38 sharing on hard disk 97—98 throttling 40 envelope power and the link monitor display 66 ERP 116 Ethernet configuring access via 60 resetting statistics 65 viewing statistics 55 ETSI 116 factory configuration restoring 64 fade margins 116 and antennas 83 measuring with RSSI mode 34 filtering 116 fine-tuning antennas 85 formulas link budgets 79 Fresnel zone defined 116 illustration 77 radius calculation 77 front panel 3 front to back ratio and antennas 80 defined 116 Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 getting help vi hardware viewing version 23 HyperTerminal 87—91 configuring 87 starting 87 IEEE 116 image files ??—64 rebooting current 63 setting default 62 viewing 24 installing antennas 81, 82, 84 bridge testing 11 weatherproofing 72 interference defined 116 multipath 81 internet IP address 26 configuring ??—28 default gateway address 27 SNMP NMS trap address 28 subnet mask 27 ISM 117 link budgets antenna gain 73 cable loss 73 EIRP 73 example 79 formulas 79 path loss 73 propagation loss 73 receiver sensitivity 73 system gain 73 variables 73 link monitor 38—66 configuring for base station 38 configuring for remote station 39 viewing statistics 66 logging in to menus using management port 17 123 Index login timeout configuring 61 logging in after 61 LOS 117 antennas 83 MAC address 117 manager 117 SNMP 99 menus accessing 16 navigating 16 MIB defined 117 SNMP 99 Wi-LAN nodes 100 minimal clearance above obstructions 84 mode button location on unit 5 monitor link 38 RS-232 link monitor 33, 69 multi-code direct sequence spread spectrum 1 multipath interference 81 defined 117 names community 20, 58 system image files 23 navigating menus 16 network adaptor installation checking 93 network configuring ??—98 notices copyright v OID nodes defined 117 Wi-LAN 100—110 operating mode configuring using menus 32, 34 panel back 4 124 front 3 path loss and link budget variables 73 defined 118 physical layout planning 71 polling configuring level 51 power electrical supply connector 5 prerequisites antenna installation 71 network planning 71 physical layout planning 71 product overview 1 propagation loss and link budget variables 73 calculating 76 defined 118 radio configuring 41—54 resetting statistics 65 setting station type 42 specifications 6 viewing statistics 55 RAM 23 rank configuring 43 rebooting current image 63 new RF configuration 53 receiver sensitivity and link budget variables 73 regulatory compliance v remote access configuring 60 remote station setting link monitor from 39 remote unit configuring 42 repeater base 49 resetting ethernet statistics 65 radio/RF statistics 65 restoring Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 factory configuration settings 64 RF defined 118 groups 52 resetting statistics 65 viewing statistics 55 RF network planning ??—84 overview 71 physical layout 71 prerequisites 71 ROM 23 viewing images 24 RS-232 defined 118 RSSI defined 118 RSSI LED indicator mode button 34 RSSI mode configuring with menus 32 with mode button 33 safety antennas 83 scrambling code configuring 46 security community names 20, 58 remote access 60 setting login timeouts 61 setting passwords 59 system 20, 58 see install 6 selecting antennas 82 sensitivity 118 shadowing 81, 119 sharing enabling on hard disk 97—?? SNMP ??—110 agents 99 defined 119 elements 99 manager 99 MIB 99 setting community names for 20, 58 setting NMS trap IP address 28 Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 specifications configuration 6 general 6 network support 6 radio 6 security 6 wireless network protocols 6 spread spectrum 1, 6 defined 119 statistics resetting 64 viewing Ethernet 55 viewing RF 55 supervisor password default 16 symmetric base station system type 50 system physical layout 71 security 58 system gain defined 119 system image files names 23 setting the default 62 versions 23 working with 62—64 telnet setting arrow keys in sessions 18 testing bridges 11 using the link monitor 38 throttling 40, 119 configuring 40 timeouts login 61 timer test mode 32 troubleshooting vi unit contact name 22 identification 20 location 22 name 21 uptilt antennas 80 125 Index defined 119 user password default 16 variables link budgets 73 versions hardware 23 system image files 23 viewing current system status 25 Ethernet statistics 55 link monitor statistics 66 radio/RF statistics 55 system revision information 23 system software ROM images 24 voltage standing wave ratio and antennas 81 defined 120 WAN system configuration 16 weatherproofing 72 wireless configuring access via 60 Wireless network illustration 1 126 Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00
Source Exif Data:
File Type : PDF File Type Extension : pdf MIME Type : application/pdf PDF Version : 1.3 Linearized : No Create Date : 2000:08:11 14:39:05 Producer : Acrobat Distiller 4.05 for Macintosh Author : Robert Linton Creator : FrameMaker 6.0: AdobePS 8.6 (219) Title : Hopper_120_24.book Modify Date : 2000:08:11 14:39:07-06:00 Page Count : 133EXIF Metadata provided by EXIF.tools