ADC Telecommunications DAS8M-4IDEN-W In-building distributed antenna system User Manual Part 1 users manual
ADC Telecommunications Inc. In-building distributed antenna system Part 1 users manual
Contents
Part 1 users manual
TM
This manual is produced for use by LGC Wireless personnel, licensees, and customers. The
information contained herein is the property of LGC Wireless. No part of this document may be
reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, for any purpose,
without the express written permission of LGC Wireless.
LGC Wireless reserves the right to make changes, without notice, to the specifications and materials
contained herein, and shall not be responsible for any damages caused by reliance on the material as
presented, including, but not limited to, typographical and listing errors.
Your comments are welcome – they help us improve our products and documentation. Please
address your comments to LGC Wireless corporate headquarters in San Jose, CA, or call us at
1-800-530-9960 (U.S. customers) or +1-408-487-2400 (international customers).
© Copyright LGC Wireless, 1998 and 1999. Printed in USA. All rights reserved
Trademarks
All trademarks identified by ™ or ® are trademarks or registered trademark of LGC Wireless, Inc.
All other trademarks belong to their respective owners.
Limited Warranty
Seller warrants articles of its manufacture against defective materials or workmanship for a period
of one year from the date of shipment to Purchaser, except as provided in any warranty applicable
to Purchaser on or in the package containing the Goods (which warranty takes precedence over the
following warranty). The liability of Seller under the foregoing warranty is limited, at Seller’s
option, solely to repair or replacement with equivalent Goods, or an appropriate adjustment not to
exceed the sales price to Purchaser, provided that (a) Seller is notified in writing by Purchaser, within
the one year warranty period, promptly upon discovery of defects, with a detailed description of such
defects, (b) Purchaser has obtained a Return Materials Authorization (“RMA”) from Seller, which
RMA Seller agrees to provide Purchaser promptly upon request, (c) the defective Goods are returned
to Seller, transportation and other applicable charges prepaid by the Purchaser, and (d) Seller’s
examination of such Goods discloses to its reasonable satisfaction that defects were not caused by
negligence, misuse, improper installation, improper maintenance, accident or unauthorized repair or
alteration or any other cause outside the scope of Purchaser’s warranty made hereunder.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, Seller shall have the option to repair any defective Goods at
Purchaser’s facility. The original warranty period for any Goods that have been repaired or replaced
by seller will not thereby be extended. In addition, all sales will be subject to standard terms and
conditions on the sales contract.
LGC Wireless
LGC Wireless is a leading supplier of wireless solutions that enable mobile voice
and data communications and wireless Internet access throughout any facility. The
company’s wireless system, the LGCellTM, provides mobile users with highly
reliable access to high-quality voice and wireless data via cellular and PCS
networks throughout any private (corporation, university, hospital) or public
(airport, convention center, subway) facility.
LGC Wireless has received all type approvals for the LGCell, including the
European CE Mark, and is currently shipping product to more than 12 countries.
The LGCell supports all global wireless access standards including TDMA,
CDMA, AMPS, GSM and iDEN. LGC Wireless also offers a full range of
professional services to ensure cost effective and timely deployment of wireless
networks.
Your comments can assist us in improving our products and documentation. Please
address them to LGC Wireless, Inc.
LGC Wireless, Inc.
Address 585 East Brokaw Road
San Jose, California
95112-1017 USA
Phone 1-408-487-2400
Fax 1-408-487-2410
Help Hot Line (U.S. only) 1-800-530-9960
Net Address http://www.lgcwireless.com
e-mail info@lgcwireless.com
Table of Contents
About This Manual. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iii
About LGCell . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1
What LGCell Is . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3
LGCell Equipment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-6
How LGCell Works . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-10
LGCell Advantages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-11
What You Need to Do . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-12
LGCell Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1
Standard Equipment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-3
Main Hub . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-3
Expansion Hub. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-10
Remote Antenna Unit (RAU) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-13
LGCell System Specifications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-16
Band Selective Option . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-20
LGCell Site Planning and Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1
Project Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-3
RF Coverage Estimate for a Site . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-4
RF Measurements and Site Survey . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-7
Site Survey Questionnaire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-7
LGCell Installation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1
System Requirements. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3
LGCell Standard Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-5
LGCell Equipment Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-5
Alarm Report Monitor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-18
Connectivity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-1
Connecting Multiple LGCell Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-3
Connecting two LGCells . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-3
Connecting More Than Two LGCells . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-4
Connecting LGCell to Base Stations, Microcells, or Picocells . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-4
Common Problems, Troubleshooting, and Frequently Asked Questions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-1
Common Problems and Troubleshooting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-3
LED Indicator Description. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-4
Troubleshooting Guidelines. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-6
Diagnostic Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-8
Frequently Asked Questions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-13
ii Table of Contents
Appendix A – Cables, Connectors, and Accessories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-1
Cables and Connectors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-3
LGCell Accessories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-7
Appendix B – TIA/EIA 568-A Cabling Standard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-1
Appendix C – Compliance Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-1
IEC/EN 60825-2 - Safe Use of Optical Fiber Communication Systems. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-6
Appendix D – Services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D-1
Appendix E – Alarm Report Monitor (ARM2000) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E-1
Description of the ARM2000 System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E-3
ARM2000 System Basics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E-4
ARM2000-RU (Remote Unit) Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E-4
PCARM Installation for ARM2000. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E-7
Security Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E-12
Alarm and Device Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E-16
PCARM Operations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E-21
Reports. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E-28
LGCell Installation Procedure
This section shows the steps involved in installing an LGCell system.
For a detailed description of LGCell installation procedures, refer to
Section 4, LGCell Installation.
If you plan to connect your LGCell system to more than one radio or base
station, you also need the Integration Module Installation and Reference
Manual.
Install LGCell equipment in the wiring, telecom, or electrical closet(s) indicated on
your site installation plan. LGC Wireless provides the following equipment and
supplies for installation:
• LGCell Main Hub(s), each with two rack mount elbow brackets and four rack
mount screws
• LGCell Expansion Hub(s), each with two rack mount elbow brackets and four
rack mount screws
• Remote Antenna Unit(s) (RAUs) and in-building antenna(s), with four
mounting screws for each RAU
•LGCell Installation and Reference Guide
• Optionally, Integration Module Installation and Reference Manual
You also need the following equipment and supplies:
• Cable and connectors already installed and terminated. LGC Wireless
recommends plenum-rated Category 5 (CAT 5) or better, Unshielded Twisted
Pair or Shielded Twisted Pair (UTP/STP) and Multi-Mode Fiber (MMF) cable.
• AC power supply (100-240 VAC at 1.6 A and 50/60 Hz) available for each
Main Hub
• 19” equipment rack space in the wiring closet
• Phillips screwdriver
• MMF cleaner recommended by the cable manufacturer
Inspect the equipment and supplies before you start the LGCell installation. Make
sure that the UTP/STP and MMF cables are terminated correctly and that the
connectors are clean and free of dust or oil (use recommended cleaner as necessary).
If you have any problems, call LGC Wireless at 1-800-530-9960 (U.S. customers)
or +1-408-487-2400 (international customers).
ii LGCell Installation Procedure
The procedure for installing the LGCell system follows. Section 4, LGCell
Installation, describes the installation procedure in detail.
A. Main Hub Installation
1Mount one or more LGCell Main Hubs in an equipment rack in the assigned
wiring closet location, using the four screws provided for each hub.
2Connect the AC power to each Main Hub and power up the hub.
3Connect two clean MMF cables to each Main Hub port.
4Check the Main Hub Sync and Link Status LEDs (connected = green, not
connected = red).
5Connect the RF cable from the antenna(s) to the Main Hub(s) (for a roof-
mounted antenna, insert a lightning arrestor or surge protector).
B. Expansion Hub Installation
1Mount one or more LGCell Expansion Hubs in the equipment rack, using the
four screws provided for each hub.
2Connect the AC power to each Expansion Hub and power up the hub.
3Connect all MMF cables from the Main Hub(s) to the Expansion Hub(s).
4Check the Expansion Hub Sync and Link Status LEDs (connected = green, not
connected = red)
5Connect CAT 5 cable to the respective ports
C. RAU and Antenna Installation
1Mount the RAU(s) and antenna(s).
2Connect the UTP/STP cables from the Expansion Hubs to the RJ-45
connectors on the RAU(s).
3Connect an accessory antenna to each RAU SMA connector.
4Check the LEDs on the RAU(s). If not connected properly or sync is not
achieved, then one LED will be red. When connected, one LED should be
green and the other not lit.
D. System Monitoring using the ARM (if provisioned)
1Install the Alarm Report Monitor (ARM) panel adjacent to the Main Hubs.
2Connect the octopus cable to the connector on the ARM.
3Connect one DB9 connector from the octopus cable to each ARM unit.
4Set the dip switch in the ARM to the appropriate ID number.
5Connect the ARM unit to a local PSTN line.
6Install the ARM system software on a PC at the NOC.
7Configure the software and dial into the ARM unit to set its parameters (dial-in
number, and so on).
About This Manual
This Installation and Reference Manual describes the following LGCell products:
• LGCell 800 MHz AMPS/TDMA/CDMA/iDEN
• LGCell 900 MHz GSM
• LGCell 1800 MHz DCS
• LGCell 1800 MHz Korean PCS
• LGCell 1900 MHz TDMA/CDMA/GSM
• LGCell Dual Band 900 GSM/1800 DCS
System operation for these products is identical. The only differences between the
products are the operating frequency range, access scheme (TDMA, GSM, etc.) and
certain operating parameters (gain, etc.). In this manual, distinctions between
different systems are clearly indicated.
This section provides an overview of this Installation and Reference Manual,
describes conventions, and provides other useful information.
If you plan to connect your LGCell system to more than one radio or base
station, you also need the Integration Module Installation and Reference
Manual.
Overview
This manual provides information to prepare for and install the LGCell equipment.
The following steps need to be taken:
• RF engineering and system design
• Equipment purchasing
• Cable preparation
• Equipment installation and commissioning
iv About This Manual
This manual has six sections and five appendixes:
1About LGCell Describes the LGCell’s functions, applications,
components and its advantages.
2LGCell Equipment Describes the standard LGCell equipment and
operation and provides System Specifications.
3LGCell Site Planning Contains information about pre-installation
and Design preparation and project management from site
planning through LGCell installation. The tasks
involved and an estimated timetable are provided.
4LGCell Installation Describes system requirements, lists standard
equipment, and gives LGCell equipment installation
procedures.
5 Connectivity Contains Maximum Input/Output RF Power and RF
Power per Carrier tables and describes how to connect
multiple LGCell systems.
6 Common Problems, Describes how to diagnose and solve operational
Troubleshooting, and problems and gives answers to questions that
Frequently Asked customers ask frequently.
Questions
Appendix A – Cables, Contains information about cables, connectors,
Connectors and and accessories for LGCell applications.
Accessories
Appendix B – Contains information about standards for
TIA/EIA 568-A in-building cabling.
Cabling Standards
Appendix C – Provides system approval status and regulatory
Compliance notices for various countries.
Information
Appendix D – Services Lists the services that LGC Wireless can provide
for customers.
Appendix E – Alarm Describes the ARM2000 system, which can be used
Report Monitor to monitor LGCell alarms.
(ARM2000)
v
Terminology
This manual uses the following acronyms.
Acronym Description
AMPS Advanced Mobile Phone System
ARM Alarm Report Monitor
BTS Macrocellular base station
CAT 5 Category 5 unshielded or shielded twisted pair cable
CDMA Code Division Multiple Access
EH Expansion Hub
GSM Global Systems for Mobile Communications
iDEN integrated Digital Enhanced Network
IM Integration Module
LED Light emitting diode
MBS Microcellular base station
MH Main Hub
MMF Multi-mode fiber
PCS Personal Communications Services
RAU Remote Antenna Unit
RF Radio Frequency signals
TDMA Time Division Multiple Access
UTP/STP Unshielded twisted pair or shielded twisted pair (cable)
Conventions
This manual uses the following conventions as described:
Words in italicized type Used for cross-references to other places in
the manual
Words in boldface type Used for emphasis
Words in THIS TYPEFACE Identifies labels on Main Hubs, Expansion
Hubs, and Remote Antenna Units
vi About This Manual
This manual uses the following symbols as described.
This symbol represents additional INFORMATION.
It is used to emphasize text with unusual importance, special
significance, or to provide supplemental information.
This symbol represents CAUTION.
It alerts users that a given action or omitted action can cause or
contribute to a hazardous condition. Damage to the equipment can
occur.
This symbol represents WARNING.
It appears when a given action or omitted action can result in
catastrophic damage to the equipment or cause injury to the user.
Precautions
This section describes general safety precautions for LGCell products and safety
precautions for Fiber Ports on the hubs.
General Safety Precautions
The following precautions apply to LGCell products.
• LGCell has no user-serviceable parts. Faulty or failed units are fully
replaceable through LGC Wireless. Please contact us at 1-800-530-9960. For
international customers, please contact us at +1-408-487-2400.
• Never input an RF signal to the Main Hub Duplex port that is higher than those
defined on page 17 in Section 2, LGCell Equipment.
• Although modeled after an Ethernet/LAN-like architecture and connectivity,
LGCell units (Main Hub, Expansion Hub, and the Remote Antenna Unit) are
not intended to connect to Ethernet data hubs, routers, cards or other similar
data equipment.
• For improved air circulation, be sure to leave at least one inch (25 mm) of
space between all hubs and between any other equipment in the rack. If
mounting a hub on the rack’s bottom shelf, also leave at least a one inch of
clearance from the bottom.
vii
• When you connect the Multi-Mode Fiber (MMF) Optical Cable, take the same
precaution as if installing Ethernet network equipment. All optical fiber ST
connectors should be cleaned according to the cable manufacturer’s
instructions.
• When you connect a radiating antenna to an RAU, DO NOT over-tighten the
SMA connector. Firmly hand-tightening the connector is adequate.
To reduce the risk of fire or electric shock, do not expose this
equipment to rain or moisture.
Fiber Port Safety Precautions
Suggested safety precautions for working with LGCell Fiber Ports follow. For
information about LGCell compliance with safety standards, see Appendix C –
Compliance Information.
•Viewing fiber: Observe the following warning about viewing fiber ends in
ports.
Do not stare with unprotected eyes at the connector ends of the fibers
or the ports of the hubs.Invisible infrared radiation is present at the
front panel of the Main Hub and Expansion Hub. Do not remove the
Fiber Port dust cover unless the port is in use. Do not stare directly
into a Fiber Port.
•Test fiber cables: When you use test fiber optical cables, connect the optical
power source last and disconnect it first.
•Fiber ends: Cover any unconnected fiber ends with an approved cap. Do not
use tape.
•Broken fiber cables: Do not stare with unprotected eyes at any broken ends of
the fibers. Report any broken fiber cables and have them replaced.
•Cleaning: Use only approved methods for cleaning optical fiber connectors.
•Modifications: Do not make any unauthorized modifications to this fiber
optical system or associated equipment.
•Live work: Live work is permitted on the LGCell as it is a Class 1 hazard.
•Signs: No warning signs are required.
•Test equipment: Use Class 1 test equipment.
viii About This Manual
1About LGCell
This section is an overview of the LGCell. It gives a brief description of the system
and applications, the LGCell equipment, how it works, why it’s better than the
competition, and what you need to do to install the system.
Later sections of this Installation and Reference Manual contain a detailed
description of the LGCell system.
Contents
About LGCell
What LGCell Is . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
LGCell Equipment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
How LGCell Works. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
LGCell Advantages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
What You Need to Do . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
1-2 About LGCell
1-3
What LGCell Is
LGCell is a “plug-and-play” in-
building distributed antenna
system (DAS) that enables
highly reliable, high-quality
wireless communications.
This one-person-one-phone
capability gives a wireless phone
user the ability to use their
wireless phone in any location
throughout the enterprise and
beyond.
Seamless coverage lets wireless
phone users roam freely between
buildings as well as indoors and
outdoors without changing
phones.
An LGCell system has the
following equipment:
• Main Hub (MH)
• Expansion Hub (EH)
• Remote Antenna Unit
(RAU)
Double-Star Topology for Easy, Cost-Effective Growth
The LGCell system uses a double-star topology, which allows for easy, cost-
effective growth of coverage and/or capacity. Each Main Hub supports up to four
Expansion Hubs. Each Expansion Hub, in turn, supports up to four RAUs.
The Main Hub is located in an equipment closet and the Expansion Hubs are
distributed out into other equipment closets throughout a building. The RAUs are
then distributed off each Expansion Hub to provide coverage.
Bringing Outside In – Increases Wireless Network Coverage
Outdoor macrocellular base stations (BTSs) transmit and receive Radio Frequency
(RF) signals, which enable communications with wireless phones. The RF signals
are not always available or adequate inside a building, campus, tunnel, subway, or
other hard-to-reach location. The LGCell system delivers high-quality wireless
Multi-Mode Fiber (MMF)
Roof-
001
LGCell
Existing
Outdoor
Base Station
Mounted
Antenna
Category 5 UTP/STP
In-Building
Antenna
Repeater
1-4 About LGCell
communications when a user is within range of an LGCell Remote Antenna Unit
(RAU).
LGCell Increases In-Building Coverage
LGCell operates in the cellular or PCS frequency bands and can act as an extension
to the cellular or PCS network.
LGCell extends RF signal
coverage in places where the
coverage is unacceptable.
This extended coverage allows
users to roam between buildings
and the outside world while
maintaining wireless phone
conversations without changing
phones.
LGCell provides coverage for a
variety of applications including
single and multiple floor buildings,
campus environments, tunnels,
subways, and public facilities.
LGCell can be connected to a separate repeater for a power boost or when line of
sight is poor.
•Increase In-Building Coverage with Multiple LGCells
Use multiple LGCell systems to increase coverage in very tall buildings or large
facilities.
•Increase Coverage for Separate Service Providers
Use one or more LGCell systems for cellular networks and use one or more for
PCS networks.
•Increase Coverage for Separate Networks
Use one or more LGCell system for public networks and use one or more for
private networks.
Expanding Inside – Increases In-Building Capacity and Capability
Increased in-building wireless coverage from the outdoor wireless networks does
not always fully address in-building needs. Coverage is only beneficial if all
potential users can access the network.
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1-5
Microcellular Base Station (MBS) for Increased Capacity
Connecting the LGCell to a local, centralized MBS provides additional capacity, as
well as enhanced coverage.
This in-building microcellular wireless
network increases the number of in-
building users able to communicate
through their wireless phones.
• LGCell provides coverage
• MBS provides voice channel capacity
• Protocol independent
• Calls can be charged at a flat rate
versus cellular or PCS rate inside the
building
• Provides completely uniform radio
coverage at low cost
• MBS capacity is dynamically
allocated as needed
• Maintenance and control of the wireless network are centralized
The LGCell/MBS connection allocates capacity to various locations within the
enterprise as user traffic patterns change over the course of a day.
Integration Modules for Dynamic Allocation of Radio Capacity
LGC Wireless provides Integration Modules that can be used with the LGCell to
efficiently centralize additional radio capacity inside a facility. These Modules
provide the connection between the radios for the facility and the LGCell system.
Because the Integration Modules distribute all available capacity automatically
throughout all antennas within a cell, available capacity is dynamically allocated
throughout the entire coverage area, thus providing an improved grade of service
without the need to conduct ongoing traffic monitoring and analysis.
Specific installation information on all available Integration Modules is in the
Integration Module Installation and Reference Manual.
LGCell, MBS, PBX* for Increased Coverage, Capacity, and Functionality
Interfacing the LGCell with an MBS/PBX network gives wireless phone users PBX
functionality through their wireless phones, anytime, anywhere.
*Check with PBX manufacturer/vendor for compatibility, connection, and operation.
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1-6 About LGCell
With the LGCell/MBS/PBX
solution, employees can use a
wireless phone in place of a wireline
desk phone to access the PBX while
inside the building and use the same
phone for wireless communications
while outside the building. The
MBS private wireless network
transmits RF signals indoors, and
the macrocellular network takes
over outdoors.
• Access PBX features such as
four-digit dialing, call delivery,
call forwarding, call-waiting,
conferencing, and voice mail
• Billed at discounted local calling rates or a flat enterprise rate for calls made
inside the LGCell vicinity
• Users can maintain the same telephone number inside and outside of the
building, enabling anytime, anywhere communication
LGCell Equipment
One fully equipped LGCell system
consists of the following parts:
• One Main Hub
• Up to four Expansion Hubs
• Up to 16 RAUs (four per
Expansion Hub)
Multiple LGCell systems can be
stacked for various applications. (See
Section 5, Connectivity.)
A Dual Band LGCell system has two Main Hubs and at least two Expansion Hubs.
A Dual Band system is a combination of single bands. The following illustration
shows a Dual Band 900/1800 LGCell system.
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1-7
Dual Band LGCell System
The following sections provide a brief overview of LGCell equipment. For a
detailed description of the equipment, see Section 2, LGCell Equipment.
The Main Hub
1-8 About LGCell
The Main Hub mounts into a standard 19" equipment rack commonly found in
wiring closets or equipment rooms (Main Hub width is 17.25”, or 438 mm).
• Interfaces to the wireless network
• Height is 1.7" (44.5 mm)
• Connects to a roof-mounted antenna, repeater, or MBS via standard coaxial
cable or low-loss coaxial cable with N-type male connectors
Dual Band Main Hub
The Main Hub for a Dual Band LGCell system is a pair of Main Hubs, one for each
band.
The Expansion Hub
1-9
The Expansion Hub also mounts into a standard 19" equipment rack (width 17.25”,
or 438 mm).
• Height is 1.7" (44.5 mm)
• Connects to the Main Hub via standard Multi-Mode Fiber (MMF) cable (up to
1.5 dB optical loss, approximately 1 kilometer without jumpers).
• Hubs can be located in wiring closets anywhere in the building
Dual Band Expansion Hub
An Expansion Hub for a Dual Band LGCell system is a pair of Expansion Hubs,
one for each band.
The Remote Antenna Unit (RAU)
The RAUs a re strategically positioned in and
around a building to provide high-quality
reception for wireless services.
• Connects to the Expansion Hubs via
standard CAT 5 (or better) unshielded or
shielded twisted pair (UTP/STP) cable (up
to 60 meters) (TIA/EIA 568-A standard)
• Mounts onto a variety of building materials.
Can be placed anywhere – above or below the ceiling, on the wall, or in other
locations.
• Connects to any external antenna, dipole, directional, omnidirectional, panel,
or other antenna
1-10 About LGCell
Dual Band RAU
The RAU for a Dual Band LGCell system is a pair of RAUs, one for each band.
How LGCell Works
LGCell connects in an Ethernet, LAN-like architecture, using a double-star
topology. It uses proprietary technology to provide wireless access within
buildings, subways, tunnels and other locations where reception is poor.
System Operation
System operation for all of the LGCell DAS products is identical. The only
differences between the products are the operating frequency range, access scheme
(TDMA, GSM, etc.) and certain operating parameters (gain, etc.).
The Main Hub connects to an RF source:
• a roof-mounted antenna or repeater for coverage applications; or
• an MBS for capacity or wireless PBX applications, or both.
LGCell distributes cellular and PCS signals through standard MMF and standard
UTP/STP cable found in most buildings. This allows installation of in-building
wireless services with minimal installation time and cost.
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Transmit/Forward/Downlink (BTS to Phone)
The incoming RF signal into the Main Hub is split into several fiber optic
transceivers that convert the RF signal to an optical signal. The Main Hub transmits
the converted signal over the fiber to the Expansion Hub. The Expansion Hub
converts the optical signal to an RF signal and transmits the RF signals to the RAUs.
The RAUs then transmit the RF signals to the antenna and then to wireless phones.
Receive/Reverse/Uplink (Phone to BTS)
The RAUs transmit RF signals from wireless phones back through the antenna and
to the Expansion Hubs. The Expansion Hubs transmit the RF signals back to the
Main Hub in optical form. The Main hub converts the optical signals back to
electrical signals and sends them to an MBS, a repeater, or a roof-mounted antenna.
For a detailed description of system operation, see Section 2, LGCell Equipment.
LGCell Advantages
The LGCell solution is based on a fundamentally new approach that has cost and
engineering advantages not found in competitive systems.
Competitive systems offer similar capabilities but require sophisticated RF
engineering and take a long time to install. They typically use specialty cables that
require expensive, difficult, time-consuming, and potentially disruptive
installations.
LGCell’s plug-and-play design requires minimal RF engineering and planning. Its
unique double-star architecture keeps service and maintenance to a minimum,
unlike cascaded antenna systems. The flexible architecture permits deployment in
the most difficult RF environments.
LGCell’s low cost and simple installation effectively provide both coverage and
capacity enhancements to meet the demands of the growing wireless network.
1-12 About LGCell
LGCell Uses Industry Standards
LGCell’s use of industry standards and standard equipment offers high reliability
and low cost.
• Complies with industry standards for IS-19-B/AMPS, J-std-8, IS-136/TDMA,
IS-95/CDMA, ETSI 300 609-4/GSM (CE marked), and iDEN.
• Utilizes the TIA/EIA 568-A Ethernet cabling standards for ease of installation
(see Appendix A – Cables, Connectors, and Accessories).
• Distributes signals over a building’s existing industry-standard cable
infrastructure of MMF and UTP/STP cable.
• Complies with UL and FCC or CE mark requirements.
• Primarily constructed with highly reliable industry-standard components
produced in high-volume for the LAN and wireless industries. High quality
and reliability are assured.
Minimal Design, Installation, Maintenance, and Troubleshooting
• Site engineering is simplified since compensation for cable loss and amplifiers
do not need to be designed into the system, which saves precious RF
Engineering time and support.
• Using standard cabling reduces installation to simple equipment mounting and
cable connection.
• Centralized hub locations facilitate maintenance, upgrades, and adaptability to
new standards.
• The LGCell’s star configuration eases troubleshooting – it is immediately clear
if an RAU is faulty.
• LGCell provides full Operations Alarm Maintenance and Provisioning
(OAM&P). The Main Hub senses major alarms through contact closure. These
alarms can be sent to remote locations. (For information on the Alarm Report
Monitor, see Appendix E – Alarm Report Monitor (ARM2000).)
What You Need to Do
Assess the installation site, prepare the site, install the LGCell equipment, install
and connectorize the cables, and mount the Hubs and RAUs. A typical installation
consists of three components:
• Site Planning See Section 3, LGCell Site Planning and Design
• Cable Installation See Section 3, LGCell Site Planning and Design
•LG
Cell Installation See Section 4, LGCell Installation