Trio Datacom EB450-XXF01 Radio Data Modem Base User Manual E Series

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Page 1

E Series Data Radio  User Manual

User Manual

E Series Data Radio

www.trio.com.au

ER450 Remote Data Radio

EB450 Base Station

EH450 Hot Standby Base Station

Issue 5: February 2004

Page 2

E Series Data Radio  User Manual

Part I  TVIEW+ Management Suite -

Programmer 42

Introduction 42

Installation 42

TVIEW+ Front Panel 43

Programmer 43

Part J  TVIEW+ Management Suite -

Remote Diagnostics &

Network Controller 55

Introduction 55

System Description 55

Operating Instructions 57

Interpreting Poll Results 69

Open Database Connectivity (ODBC) 70

Microsoft Excel Database Query Example 71

Part K  Appendices 75

Appendix A - Application and Technical Notes 75

Appendix B - Slip Protocol 75

Appendix C - Firmware Updates 76

Appendix D - Microsoft Access (.mdb) Structure 78

Part L  Specifications 83

ER450 Specifications 83

EB450 Specifications 84

EH450 Specifications 85

Part M  Support Options 86

Website Information 86

E-mail Technical Support 86

Telephone Technical Support 86

Contacting the Service Department 86

Contents

SECTION 1 3

Part A  Preface 4

Warranty 4

Important Notice 4

Warning - RF Exposure 4

Compliance Information 4

Other Related Documentation

and Products

E Series Quick Start Guides

TVIEW+ Management Suite

Digital Orderwire Voice Module (EDOVM)

Multiplexer Stream Router (MSR)

Revision History

Issue 1 July 2002 Intitial Release

Issue 2 August 2002 Added EH450 Quick Start Section

and Specifications Section

Issue 3 November 2002 Major Edits to TVIEW and minor edits

to quick start sections.

Issue 4 June 2003 Major edits to TVIEW and Hot

Standby Controller sections.

Issue 5 February 2004 Additional radio and programmer

information

Page 6

E Series Data Radio  User Manual

Part B  E Series Overview

Definition of E Series Data Radio

The E Series is a range of wireless modems designed for the

transmission of data communications for SCADA, telemetry and any

other information and control applications that utilise ASCII messaging

techniques. The E Series uses advanced digital modulation and

signal processing techniques to achieve exceptionally high data

throughput efficiency using traditional licensed narrow band radio

channels.

These products are available in many frequency band and regulatory

formats, to suit spectrum bandplans, in various continental regions.

The range is designed for both fixed point to point (PTP), and multiple

address (MAS) or point to multipoint (PMP) systems.

E Series Product Range

The E Series range consists of the basic half duplex Remote radio

modem, an extended feature full duplex Remote radio modem, and

ruggedised Base Station variants, including an optional Hot Standby

controller to control two base station units in a redundant configuration.

Frequency band variants are indicated by the band prefix and model

numbering. (See Model Number Codes)

Part B  E Series Overview

E Series  Features and Benefits

Common Features and Benefits of the E

Series Data Radio

 Up to 19200bps over-air data rates using programmable DSP

based advanced modulation schemes.

 Designed to various International regulatory requirements

including FCC, ETSI and ACA.

 Superior receiver sensitivity.

 Fast data turnaround time <10mS.

 Flash upgrade-able firmware  insurance against

obsolescence.

 Multi-function bi-colour Tx/Rx data LEDs showing Port activity

(breakout box style), as well as LEDs indicating Tx, Rx, RF

Signal, Data Synchronisation and DC Power status of the

radio.

 Rugged N type antenna connectors on all equipment.

 High temperature transmitter foldback protection.

 Two independent configurable data ports and separate system

port.

 Higher port speeds to support increased air-rate (up to

76800bps on Port A and 38400bps on Port B).

 Independent system port for interruption free programming and

diagnostics (in addition to two (2) user ports).

 9600bps in 12.5 kHz radio channels with ETSI specifications.

 Remote over-the-air configuration of any radio from any

location.

 Multistream simultaneous data streams allows for multiple

vendor devices / protocols to be transported on the one radio

network.

 Flexible data stream routing and steering providing optimum

radio channel efficiency  complex data radio systems can be

implemented with fewer radio channels.

 The ability to duplicate data streams  that is, decode the same

off-air data to two separate ports.

 Multi-function radio capable of dropping off one stream to a port

and forward on or repeat (store and forward) the same or other

data.

 Stand-alone internal store and forward operation  buffered store

and forward operation even in the ER remote units.

 Unique integrated C/DSMA collision avoidance technology

permits simultaneous polling and spontaneous reporting

operation in the same system.

 Digital receiver frequency tracking for long term data reliability.

 Network wide non intrusive diagnostics which runs

simultaneously with the application.

ER450 Remote Radio

EB450 Base / Repeater Station

EH450 Hot Standby Base Station

Page 7

E Series Data Radio  User Manual

Part B  E Series Overview

 Network wide diagnostics interrogation which can be

performed from anywhere in the system including any remote

site.

 Diagnostics will route its way to any remote or base / repeater

site regardless of how many base / repeater stations are

interconnected.

 Full range of advanced features available within Network

Management and Remote Diagnostics package  BER testing,

trending, channel occupancy, client / server operation, etc.

 On board memory for improving user data latency  increased

user interface speeds.

 Full CRC error checked data  no erroneous data due to

squelch tails or headers.

 Radio utilises world standard HDLC as its transportation

protocol.

 Various flow control and PTT control mechanisms.

 Configurable backward compatibility with existing D Series

modulation scheme for use within existing networks.

 Digital plug in order wire option for commissioning and

occasional voice communications without the need to inhibit

users application data.

Features and Benefits of ER450 Remote

Data Radio

 Optional full duplex capable remote  separate Tx and Rx ports

for connection to an external duplexer.

 New compact and rugged die cast case with inbuilt heatsink.

 Low power consumption with various sleep modes.

 Rugged N type antenna connectors.

 In-line power supply fuses.

 Data Port breakout box style flow LEDs for easier

troubleshooting.

Features and Benefits of EB450 Standard

Base / Repeater Station

 Competitively priced high performance base.

 Incorporates a rugged 5W power amplifier module.

Features and Benefits of EH450 Hot Standby

Base / Repeater Station

 Individual and identical base stations with separate control logic

changeover panel.

 ALL modules are hot swapable without any user downtime.

 Flexible antenna options  single, separate Tx & Rx, two Tx

and two Rx.

 Both on-line and off-line units monitored regardless of active

status.

Page 8

E Series Data Radio  User Manual

Model Number Codes

Part B  E Series Overview

D, E & S Series Data Radios - Part Number Matrix = Tyxxx-aabbb-cde

T y xxx

-aa bbb

-cde

Options - Base Stations* Options - Hot Standby Configurations*

0= No Options 0= No Options

Duplexer Antenna

1= 450MHz Band Reject

Internal [DUPLX450BR]

Number Type Antenna

Confi

Antenna Type

2= 450MHz Band Reject

(<9MHz split)[DUPLX450BR/5]

A- - - Separate Tx & Rx

3= 450MHz Band Pass

[DUPLX450BP]

B- - Dual [x4] Separate Tx & Rx

4= 900MHz Band Reject

Internal [DUPLX900BR]

CSingle Internal Single Combined Tx/Rx

5= 900MHz Band Pass

[DUPLX900BP]

DDual [x2] Internal Dual [x2] Combined Tx/Rx

6= 900MHz Band Pass

(76MHz split)[DUPLX852/930]

ESingle External Single Combined Tx/Rx

FDual [x2] External Dual [x2] Combined Tx/Rx

Note: Specify Internally or Externally fitted. Externally fittered duplexes require feeder tails.

Options*

0= No Options

D= Diagnostics - [DIAGS/D, DIAGS/DH, DIAGS/E or DIAGS/EH] (D & E Series Only)

H= Extended Temp Option [HITEMP]

N= Remote Fitted into NEMA Enclosure [NEMA 4/R]

F= Full Duplex Operation [ERFD450] (ER450 only)

X= Full Duplex Operation [ERFD450 & DIAGS/E] (ER450 only)

S= SMA Connector (SR450 Remote Only)

RF Channel Data Rate & Bandwidth (Internal Modem)

D Series E Series

A01 = ACA 4800bps in 12.5kHz A01 = ACA 4800

/ 9600bps in 12.5Hz 001 = 12.5kHz (No Modem Fitted)

A02 = ACA 9600bps in 25kHz A02 = ACA 9600

/ 19k2bps in 25kHz 002 = 25kHz (No Modem Fitted)

F01 = FCC 9600bps in 12.5kHz F01 = FCC 9600

/ 9600bps in 12.5kHz 241 = 2400bps in 12.5kHz [24SR]*

F02 = FCC 19k2bps in 25kHz 242 = 2400bps in 25kHz [24SR]*

E01 = ETSI 9600bps in 12.5kHz 482 = 4800bps in 25kHz [48SR]*

E02 = ETSI 19k2bps in 25kHz

Frequency (200 & 400 MHz range) Frequency (900 MHz range) (D & S Series Only)

39 = 208 to 240MHz (Tx & Rx) 07 = (Tx) 847 to 857MHz (Rx) 923 to 933MHz (D Series only, 1W Full Duplex)

46 = 370 to 385MHz (Tx & Rx) 10 = (Tx) 848 to 858MHz (Rx) 920 to 934MHz

47 = 380 to 396MHz (Tx & Rx) 06 = (Tx) 923 to 933MHz (Rx) 847 to 857MHz (D Series only, 1W Full Duplex)

48 = 395 to 406MHz (Tx & Rx) 11 = (Tx) 920 to 934MHz (Rx) 848 to 858MHz

50 = 403 to 417MHz (Tx & Rx) 12 = 855 to 860MHz (Tx & Rx)

58 = (Tx) 406 to 421MHz (Rx) 415 to 430MHz 14 = (Tx) 925 to 943MHz (Rx) 906 to 924MHz **

59 = (Tx) 415 to 430MHz (Rx) 406 to 421MHz 15 = (Tx) 904 to 922MHz (Rx) 925 to 943MHz **

56 = 418 to 435MHz (Tx & Rx) 16 = 924 to 944MHz (Tx & Rx) **

57 = 428 to 443MHz (Tx & Rx) 17 = (Tx) 919 to 937MHz (Rx) 943 to 959MHz **

55 = 436 to 450MHz (Tx & Rx) 18 = (Tx) 943 to 961MHz (Rx) 916 to 938MHz **

51 = 450 to 465MHz (Tx & Rx)

52 = 465 to 480MHz (Tx & Rx)

53 = 480 to 494MHz (Tx & Rx) Note: Other frequency bands available upon request.

60 = 490 to 500MHz (Tx & Rx)

54 = 505 to 518MHz (Tx & Rx)

27 = (Tx) 511 to 515MHz (Rx) 501 to 505MHz

Generic Frequency Band NOTES:

200 = 208 to 245MHz (D & S Series only) * Additional charges apply. Must be ordered seperately. Please refer to price list.

450 = 370 to 518MHz (E & S Series only)

Provides compatibility with D Series radio

900 = 800 to 960MHz (D & S Series only) [ ] Items in [ ] parenthesis refer to actual Trio part numbers

** Consult factory for availability.

Unit Type

R= Remote Station Standards: ACA - Australian Communications Authority

B= Base / Repeater Station FCC - Federal Communications Commission

S= Standard Base / Repeater Station (D Series Only) ETSI - European Telcommunication Standards Institute

H= Hot Standby Base / Repeater (D & E Series Only)

Model Type

D= D Series Family

E= E Series Family

S= S Series Family

Example:

E R 450

-51 A02

-D0

The above example specifies: E Series, Remote Radio, generic 450MHz band, with a specific frequency of 450MHz to 465MHz,

a 96/19.2kbps modem, with a bandwidth of 25kHz, diagnostics and standard N type connector.

Version: 3/03

S Series

Page 9

E Series Data Radio  User Manual

Part B  E Series Overview

Part Number Description

Duplexers

DUPLX450BR Duplexer BAND REJECT 400-520 MHz for use

with Base / Repeater / Links. For Tx / Rx

frequency splits >9MHz. (Fitted Externally for a

Link, Internally or Externally for Base / Repeater)

DUPLX450BR/5 Duplexer BAND REJECT 400-520 MHz for use

with Base / Repeater / Links. For Tx / Rx

frequency splits <9MHz. (Fitted Externally for a

Link, Internally or Externally for Base / Repeater)

DUPLX450BP Duplexer PSEUDO BAND PASS Cavity 400-

520 MHz for External use with Base / Repeater /

Links.

Notes:

1. Frequencies must be specified at time of order.

2. Interconnecting (Feeder Tail) cables must be ordered

separately for Externally fitted Duplexers.

Antennas

ANT450/9A Antenna Yagi 6 Element 9dBd Aluminium 400-520

MHz c/w mtg clamps

ANT450/9S Antenna Yagi 6 Element 9dBd S/Steel 400-520

MHz c/w mtg clamps

ANT450/13A Antenna Yagi15 Element 13dBd Aluminium 400-

520 MHz c/w mtg clamps.

ANT450/13S Antenna Yagi 15 Element 13dBd S/Steel 400-520

MHz c/w mtg clamps.

ANTOMNI/4 Antenna Omnidirectional Unity Gain Side Mount

Dipole 400-520 MHz c/w galv. clamp

ANT450/D Antenna Omnidirectional Unity Gain Ground

Independent Dipole 400-520 MHz c/w 3m cable,

mounting bracket & BNC connector

ANT450/6OM Antenna Omnidirectional 6dBd 400-520 MHz c/w

mtg clamps

ANT450/9OM Antenna Omnidirectional 9dBd 400-520 MHz c/w

mtg clamps

Note:

1. Frequencies must be specified at time of order.

Power Supplies

PS13V82A Power Supply 13.8V 2A 240VAC

PS13V810A Power Supply Switch Mode 240VAC 13.8V 10A

for Base Stations  Battery Charge Capability

Part Number Description

RF Cables and Accessories

NM/NM/TL Feeder Tail - N Male to N Type Male 50cm fully

sweep tested

NM/NM/TLL Feeder Tail - N Male to N Type Male 1 metre fully

sweep tested

RFCAB5M 5.0m RG-58 type Antenna Feeder Cable

terminated with N type Male Connectors

RFCAB5M2 5.0m RG-213 type Antenna Feeder Cable

terminated with N type Male Connectors

RFCAB10M 10.0m RG-213 type Antenna Feeder Cable

terminated with N type Male Connectors

RFCAB20M 20.0m RG-213 type Antenna Feeder Cable

terminated with N type Male Connectors

RFCAB20M4 20.0m LDF4-50 type (1/2" foam dialectric)

Antenna Feeder Cable terminated with N type

Male Connectors

LGHTARRST Lightning Surge Arrestor In-line N Female to N

Female

Multiplexers

95MSR/6 Multiplexer/Stream Router  6 Port with RS-232 I/

faces and Manual

95MSR/9 Multiplexer/Stream Router  9 Port with RS-232 I/

faces and Manual

Network Management Diagnostics

DIAGS/E Network Management and Remote Diagnostics

Facilities per Radio  E Series

DIAGS/EH Network Management and Remote Diagnostics

Facilities  E Series for EH450

Software

TVIEW+ Configuration, Network Management and Remote

Diagnostics Software

Other

NEMA 4 /R Stainless Steel Enclosure for Remote Site

Equipment. Size 600mm (h) x 600mm (d) x

580mm (w)  Room for Third Party RTU / PLC

equip. (Approx. 400 (h) x 600 (d) x 580mm (w)

HITEMP Extended Temperature Option for S, D and E

Series Radios -30 to +70C

EDOVM Digital Order Wire Voice Module

ERFD450 ER450. Conversion to Full Duplex Operation

(N Type  Tx Port, SMA - Type Rx Port)

Note: Requires external duplexer

ERFDTRAY 19" Rack Tray for Mounting of ER450 Full Duplex

Radio and External Band Reject Duplexer

Standard Accessories

Page 10

E Series Data Radio  User Manual

Part C  Applications

Part C  Applications

Generic Connectivity

The E Series has been designed for SCADA and telemetry

applications, and any other applications that use an ASCII

communications protocol, and which connect physically using the

RS232 interface standard (although converters can be used to adapt

other interfaces such as RS422/485, RS530/V35, G703 etc).

Any protocol that can be displayed using a PC based terminal

program operating via a serial communications port is suitable for

transmission by the E Series radio modems.

An ASCII protocol is any that consists of message strings formed

from ASCII characters, that being defined as a 10 or 11 bit block

including start and stop bits, 7 or 8 data bits and optional parity bit(s).

Port set-up dialog that includes the expressions N,8,1, or E,7,2 or

similar indicate an ASCII protocol.

Most of the dominant telemetry industry suppliers utilise proprietary

ASCII protocols, and also common 'open standard industry protocols

such as DNP3, MODBUS, TCP/IP, and PPP. These are all ASCII

based protocols.

Industries and Applications

The E Series products are widely used in point-to-point and point-to-

multipoint (multiple access) applications for remote interconnection of

PLCs, RTUs, dataloggers, and other data monitoring and control

devices - including specialist utility devices (such as powerline

ACRs). In addition, other applications such as area wide security and

alarm systems, public information systems (traffic flow and public

signage systems) and environmental monitoring systems.

Application Detail

SCADA Systems

This is where one or more centralised control sites are used to monitor

and control remote field devices over wide areas. Examples include

regional utilities monitoring and controlling networks over entire shires

or a greater city metropolis. Industry sectors include energy utilities

(gas and electricity distribution), water and sewerage utilities,

catchment and environment groups (rivers, dams and catchment

management authorities).

Telemetry Systems

Dedicated telemetry control systems interconnecting sequential

devices either where cabling is not practical or distances are

considerable.

Examples include:

 ore conveyor or slurry pipeline systems

 simple water systems (pump and reservoir interlinking)

 broadcast industry (linking studio to transmitter) etc.

Information Systems

Public Information systems such as freeway vehicle flow, travel time

monitoring, feedback signage, parking signage systems and

meteorological stations etc.

Page 11

E Series Data Radio  User Manual

Part C  Applications

Systems Architecture

Point-to-Point

This simple system architecture provides a virtual connection between

the two points, similar to a cable. Dependent of the hardware chosen,

it is possible to provide a full duplex connection (i.e. data transfer in

both directions simultaneously) if required.

Point-to-Multipoint Systems

In a multiple access radio system, messages can be broadcast from

one (master) site to all others, either using a half duplex radio system

or from any site to all others, using a simplex radio channel.

Half duplex systems often utilise a full duplex master, to make the

system simpler and for faster operation.

In either case, it will be necessary for the application to support an

addressing system, since the

master needs to be able to select

which remote device it with which

it wishes to communicate.

Normally, the radio system is

allowed to operate transparently,

allowing the applications protocol to

provide the addressing, and thus

control the traffic. Where the

application layer does not provide

the addressing, the E Series can

provide it using SID codes. (See

Part F - Operational Features)

Page 12

E Series Data Radio  User Manual

Part C  Applications

Digipeater Systems

This configuration is used where all sites are required to communicate

via a repeater site. A repeater site is used because it has a position

and/or height advantage and thus provides superior or extended RF

coverage. The radio modem at the repeater does not have to be

physically connected to the applications master site. Information from

the applications master is transmitted to the repeater via radio, and the

repeater then relays this information to the other field sites. In this

scenario, the repeater is the master from an RF point of view, and the

application master is effectively a remote from an RF point of view,

even though it is controlling the data transfer on the system.

Backbone Store and Forward Systems

Store and forward is used as a way of extending RF coverage by

repeating data messages from one site to another.

This can be done globally using the inbuilt data repeating functions, or

selectively using intelligent address based routing features available in

some PLC/RTU protocols.

In this case it is necessary for all units on the system to operate in half

duplex mode (only key-up when transmitting data), so that each site is

free to hear received signals from more than one source.

Digipeater System

Backbone Store and Forward

System

Page 13

E Series Data Radio  User Manual

Part D  System Planning and Design

Part D  System Planning and Design

Understanding RF Path

Requirements

A radio modem needs a minimum amount of received RF signal to

operate reliably and provide adequate data throughput.

In most cases, spectrum regulatory authorities will also define or limit

the amount of signal that can be transmitted, and the transmitted power

will decay with distance and other factors, as it moves away from the

transmitting antenna.

It follows, therefore, that for a given transmission level, there will be a

finite distance at which a receiver can operate reliably with respect to

the transmitter.

Apart from signal loss due to distance, other factors that will decay a

signal include obstructions (hills, buildings, foliage), horizon (effectively

the bulge between two points on the earth), and (to a minimal extent at

UHF frequencies) factors such as fog, heavy rain-bursts, dust storms,

etc.

In order to ascertain the available RF coverage from a transmitting

station, it will be necessary to consider these factors. This can be

done in a number of ways, including

(a) using basic formulas to calculate the theoretically available

signal - allowing only for free space loss due to distance,

(b) using sophisticated software to build earth terrain models and

apply other correction factors such as earth curvature and the

effects of obstructions, and

It is good design practice to consider the results of at least two of these

models to design a radio path.

Page 14

E Series Data Radio  User Manual

Part D  System Planning and Design

Examples of Predictive Path

Modelling

Clear line of site

Radio path with good signal levels, attenuated only by free space

loss.

Obstructed Radio Path

This path has an obstruction that will seriously degrade the signal

arriving at the field site.

obstpath.pl3

Major Repeater Site

Field Site

Elevation (m)

703.83

309.67

Latitude

030 43 55.92 S

030 56 24.00 S

Longitude

150 38 49.51 E

150 38 48.00 E

Azimuth

180.10

0.10

Antenna Type

ANT450/6OM

ANT450/9AL

Antenna Height (m)

40.00

5.00

Antenna Gain (dBi)

8.15

11.15

Antenna Gain (dBd)

6.00

9.00

TX Line Type

LDF4-50

TX Line Length (m)

40.00

5.00

TX Line Unit Loss (dB/100 m)

6.79

TX Line Loss (dB)

2.72

0.34

Connector Loss (dB)

2.00

Frequency (MHz)

450.00

Path Length (km)

23.04

Free Space Loss (dB)

112.78

Diffraction Loss (dB)

16.71

Net Path Loss (dB)

117.25

Radio Type Model

EB450

ER450

TX Power (watts)

5.00

1.00

TX Power (dBW)

6.99

0.00

ffective Radiated Power (watts)

6.71

4.63

ffective Radiated Power (dBW)

8.27

6.66

RX Sensitivity Level (uv)

0.71

1.26

RX Sensitivity Level (dBW)

-140.00

-135.00

RX Signal (uv)

9.70

21.70

RX Signal (dBW)

-117.25

-110.26

RX Field Strength (uv/m)

95.74

115.23

Fade Margin (dB)

22.75

24.74

Raleigh Service Probability (%)

99.470

99.665

goodpath.pl3

Major Repeater Site

Field Site

Elevation (m)

756.69

309.67

Latitude

031 04 37.49 S

030 56 24.00 S

Longitude

150 57 26.34 E

150 38 48.00 E

Azimuth

297.05

117.21

Antenna Type

ANT450/6OM

ANT450/9AL

Antenna Height (m)

40.00

5.00

Antenna Gain (dBi)

8.15

11.15

Antenna Gain (dBd)

6.00

9.00

TX Line Type

LDF4-50

TX Line Length (m)

40.00

5.00

TX Line Unit Loss (dB/100 m)

6.79

TX Line Loss (dB)

2.72

0.34

Connector Loss (dB)

2.00

Frequency (MHz)

450.00

Path Length (km)

33.33

Free Space Loss (dB)

115.99

Diffraction Loss (dB)

0.00

Net Path Loss (dB)

103.75

Radio Type Model

EB450

ER450

TX Power (watts)

5.00

1.00

TX Power (dBW)

6.99

0.00

ffective Radiated Power (watts)

6.71

4.63

ffective Radiated Power (dBW)

8.27

6.66

RX Sensitivity Level (uv)

0.71

1.26

RX Sensitivity Level (dBW)

-140.00

-135.00

RX Signal (uv)

45.93

102.70

RX Signal (dBW)

-103.75

-96.76

RX Field Strength (uv/m)

453.14

545.42

Fade Margin (dB)

36.25

38.24

Raleigh Service Probability (%)

99.976

99.985

Page 15

E Series Data Radio  User Manual

Part D  System Planning and Design

Effect of Earth Curvature on Long Paths

This path requires greater mast height to offset the earth curvature

experienced at such a distance (73km).

longpath.pl3

Repeater Site

Far Field Site

Elevation (m)

221.26

75.58

Latitude

032 01 21.63 S

032 33 00.00 S

Longitude

142 15 19.26 E

141 47 00.00 E

Azimuth

217.12

37.37

Antenna Type

ANT450/6OM

ANT450/9AL

Antenna Height (m)

40.00

5.00

Antenna Gain (dBi)

8.15

11.15

Antenna Gain (dBd)

6.00

9.00

TX Line Type

LDF4-50

TX Line Length (m)

40.00

5.00

6.79

TX Line Loss (dB)

2.72

0.34

Connector Loss (dB)

2.00

Frequency (MHz)

450.00

Path Length (km)

73.46

Free Space Loss (dB)

122.85

Diffraction Loss (dB)

22.94

Net Path Loss (dB)

133.55

Radio Type Model

EB450

ER450

TX Power (watts)

5.00

1.00

TX Power (dBW)

6.99

0.00

Effective Radiated Power (watts)

6.72

4.64

Effective Radiated Power (dBW)

8.27

6.66

RX Sensitivity Level (uv)

0.71

1.26

RX Sensitivity Level (dBW)

-140.00

-135.00

RX Signal (uv)

1.49

3.32

RX Signal (dBW)

-133.55

-126.56

RX Field Strength (uv/m)

14.65

17.64

Fade Margin (dB)

6.45

8.44

Raleigh Service Probability (%)

79.735

86.656

Page 16

E Series Data Radio  User Manual

Part D  System Planning and Design

Antenna Gain

By compressing the transmission energy into a disc or beam, the

antenna provides more energy (a stronger signal) in that direction, and

thus is said to have a performance gain over a basic omni antenna.

Gain is usually expressed in dBd, which is referenced to a standard

folded dipole. Gain can also be expressed in dBi, which is referenced

to a theoretical isotropic radiator. Either way, if you intend to send

and receive signals from a single direction, there is advantage in using

a directional antenna - both due to the increased signal in the wanted

direction, and the relatively decreased signal in the unwanted direction

(i.e. interference rejection properties).

Tuning the Antenna

Many antennas are manufactured for use over a wide frequency

range. Typical fixed use antennas such as folded dipoles and yagis

are generally supplied with the quoted gain available over the entire

specified band range, and do not require tuning. Co-linear antennas are

normally built to a specific frequency specified when ordering.

With mobile whip type antennas, it is sometimes necessary to

tune the antenna for the best performance on the required frequency.

This is usually done by trimming an antenna element whilst measuring

VSWR, or simply trimming to a manufacturer supplied chart showing

length vs frequency. These antennas would normally be supplied with

the tuning information provided.

Antenna Placement

When mounting the antenna, it is necessary to consider the following

criteria:

The mounting structure will need to be solid enough to withstand

additional loading on the antenna mount due to extreme wind, ice or

snow (and in some cases, large birds).

For omni directional antennas, it is necessary to consider the effect of

the mounting structure (tower mast or building) on the radiation pattern.

Close in structures, particularly steel structures, can alter the radiation

pattern of the antenna. Where possible, omni antennas should always

be mounted on the top of the mast or pole to minimise this effect. If this

is not possible, mount the antenna on a horizontal outrigger to get it at

least 1-2m away from the structure. When mounting on buildings, a

small mast or pole (2-4m) can significantly improve the radiation

pattern by providing clearance from the building structure.

For directional antennas, it is generally only necessary to consider the

structure in relation to the forward radiation pattern of the antenna,

unless the structure is metallic, and of a solid nature. In this case it is

also prudent to position the antenna as far away from the structure as

is practical. With directional antennas, it is also necessary to ensure

that the antenna cannot move in such a way that the directional

beamwidth will be affected. For long yagi antennas, it is often

necessary to instal a fibreglass strut to stablilise the antenna under

windy conditions.

Alignment of Directional Antennas

This is generally performed by altering the alignment of the antenna

whilst measuring the received signal strength. If the signal is weak, it

may be necessary to pre-align the antenna using a compass, GPS,

or visual or map guidance in order to find the wanted signal. Yagi

antennas have a number of lower gain lobes centred around the

primary lobe. When aligning for best signal strength, it is important to

scan the antenna through at least 90 degrees, to ensure that the centre

(strongest) lobe is identified.

When aligning a directional antenna, avoid placing your hands or body

in the vicinity of the radiating element or the forward beam pattern, as

this will affect the performance of the antenna.

Selecting Antennas

There are basically two types of antennas  omni-directional and

directional.

Omnidirectional antennas are designed to radiate signal in a 360

degrees segment around the antenna. Basic short range antennas

such as folded dipoles and ground independent whips are used to

radiate the signal in a ball shaped pattern. High gain omni antennas

such as the co-linear compress the sphere of energy into the

horizontal plane, providing a relatively flat disc shaped pattern which

goes further because all of the energy is radiated in the horizontal

plane.

Directional antennas are designed to concentrate the signal into beam

of energy for transmission in a single direction (i.e. for point-to-point or

remote to base applications).

Beamwidths vary according to the antenna type, and so can be

selected to suit design requirements. The most common UHF

directional antenna is the yagi, which offers useable beam widths of

30-50 degrees. Even higher gain is available using parabolic dish

type antennas such as gridpacks.

Page 17

E Series Data Radio  User Manual

Part D  System Planning and Design

Common Cable Types Loss per meter Loss per 10m

@ 450MHz @ 450MHz

RG58C/U 0.4426dB 4.4dB

RG213/U 0.1639dB 1.6dB

FSJ1-50 (¼ superflex) 0.1475dB 1.5dB

LDF4-50 (1/2 heliax) 0.0525dB 0.52dB

LDF5-50 (7/8 heliax) 0.0262dB 0.3dB

Data Connectivity

The V24 Standard

The E Series radio modems provide two asynchronous V24

compliant RS232 ports for connection to serial data devices.

There are two types of RS232 interfaces  DTE and DCE.

DTE stands for data terminal equipment and is generally applied to

any intelligent device that has a need to communicate to another

device via RS232. For example: P.C. Comm ports are always DTE,

as are most PLC and RTU serial ports.

DCE stands for data communication equipment and is generally

applied to a device used for sending data over some medium (wires,

radio, fibre etc), i.e. any MODEM.

The standard interface between a DTE and DCE device (using the

same connector type) is a straight through cable (i.e. each pin

connects to the same numbered corresponding pin at the other end of

the cable).

The V24 definition originally specified the DB25 connector standard,

but this has been complicated by the emergence of the DB9 (pseudo)

standard for asynch devices, and this connector standard has different

pin assignments.

The wiring standard is unbalanced, and provides for three basic data

transfer wires (TXD, RXD, and SG  signal ground).

Hardware Handshaking

Hardware handshake lines are also employed to provide flow control,

however (in the telemetry industry) many devices do not always

support all (or any) flow control lines.

For this reason, the E Series modems can be configured for full

hardware flow control, or no flow control at all (simple 3 wire

interface).

Note: that when connecting devices together with differing handshake

implementations, it is sometimes necessary to loop handshake pins

in order to fool the devices handshaking requirements.

In telemetry applications (particularly where port speeds can be set to

the same rate as the radio systems over-air rate) then flow control,

and therefore handshaking, is usually NOT required. It follows that

any devices that CAN be configured for no flow control should be

used in this mode to simplify cabling requirements.

Handshaking lines can generally be looped as follows:

DTE (terminal)  loop RTS to CTS, and DTR to DSR and DCE.

DCE (modem) - loop DSR to DTR and RTS (note-not required for E

Series modem when set for no handshaking).

RF Feeders and Protection

The antenna is connected to the radio modem by way of an RF feeder.

In choosing the feeder type, one must compromise between the loss

caused by the feeder, and the cost, flexibility, and bulk of lower loss

feeders. To do this, it is often prudent to perform path analysis first, in

order to determine how much spare signal can be allowed to be lost

in the feeder. The feeder is also a critical part of the lightning protection

system.

All elevated antennas may be exposed to induced or direct lightning

strikes, and correct grounding of the feeder and mast are an essential

part of this process. Gas discharge lightning arresters should also be

fitted to all sites.

Note: All ETSI installations require the use of a lightning surge

arrestor in order to meet EN6095. See Part A - Preface for lightning

arrestor specifications.

Page 18

E Series Data Radio  User Manual

Part D  System Planning and Design

Cable Wiring Diagrams

Page 19

E Series Data Radio  User Manual

Part D  System Planning and Design

RS232 Connector Pin outs (DCE)

Port A and B, Female DB9

Cable Wiring Diagrams

Page 20

E Series Data Radio  User Manual

Part D  System Planning and Design

Power Supply and Environmental

Considerations

General

When mounting the equipment, consideration should be given to the

environmental aspects of the site. The cabinet should be positioned so

that it is shaded from hot afternoon sun, or icy cold wind. Whilst the

radios are designed for harsh temperature extremes, they will give a

longer service life if operated in a more stable temperature

environment. In an industrial environment, the radio modems should

be isolated from excessive vibration, which can destroy electronic

components, joints, and crystals.

The cabinet should provide full protection from moisture, dust,

corrosive atmospheres, and residues from ants and small vermin

(which can be corrosive or conductive). The radio modem will radiate

heat from the in-built heatsink, and the higher the transmitter duty

cycle, the more heat will be radiated from the heatsink. Ensure there is

sufficient ventilation in the form of passive or forced air circulation to

ensure that the radio is able to maintain quoted temperature limits.

Power Supply

The power supply should provide a clean, filtered DC source. The

radio modem is designed and calibrated to operate from a 13.8VDC

regulated supply, but will operate from 10-16 volts (filtered) DC.

The power supply must be able to supply sufficient current to provide

clean filtered DC under the full current conditions of the radio modem

(i.e. when transmitting full RF power). See Section L - Specifications

for more details of the power supply requirements.

Solar Applications

In solar or battery-backed installations, a battery management unit

should be fitted to cut off power to the radio when battery levels fall

below the minimum voltage specification of the radio. In solar

applications, a solar regulation unit MUST ALSO be fitted to ensure

that the radio (and battery) is protected from excessive voltage under

full sun conditions.

When calculating solar and battery capacity requirements, the constant

current consumption will be approximately equal to the transmit current

multiplied by the duty cycle of the transmitter, plus the receive current

multiplied by the (remaining) duty cycle of the receiver.

The Tx/Rx duty cycle will be entirely dependent on the amount of data

being transmitted by the radio modem, unless the device has been

configured for continuous transmit, in which case the constant current

consumption will be equal to the transmit current only (at 100% duty

cycle).

Note: Operation below the minimum specified supply voltages could

result in poor radio performance. If the supply voltage falls below

7.2Vdc the radio will shut down. Normal radio startup will not occur

until 10Vdc is supplied.

Site Earthing

The radio must not be allowed to provide a ground path from chassis

to (DB9) signal ground or (-) battery ground. Ensure that the chassis

mounting plate, power supply (-) earth, RTU terminal device, and

lightning arrester, are all securely earthed to a common ground point to

which an earth stake is attached. Please pay particular attention to

24Vdc PLC systems using DC-DC converters to supply 13.8Vdc.

Caution: There is NO internal replaceable fuse, and therefore

the radio modem MUST be externally fused with the fuse

holder provided (ER450: 3 amp slo-blow fuse, EB450: 5

amp fast-blow fuse).

Page 21

E Series Data Radio  User Manual

Physical Dimensions - Remote Data Radio - ER450

Part D  System Planning and Design

Page 22

E Series Data Radio  User Manual

Physical Dimensions - Base Station - EB450

Part D  System Planning and Design

Page 23

E Series Data Radio  User Manual

Physical Dimensions - Hot Standby Base Station - EH450

Part D  System Planning and Design

Page 24

E Series Data Radio  User Manual

Part E  Getting Started - ER450

Part E  Getting Started

ER450 Quick Start Guide

Introduction

Welcome to the ER450 Quick Start Guide. This guide provides step-

by-step instructions, with simple explanations to get you up-and-

running.

Mounting and Environmental

Considerations

The ER450 radio comes complete with a mounting cradle and is

attached to a panel or tray by means of screws or bolts, using the hole

slots provided.

Note: In high power or high temperature applications, it is desirable to

mount the radio with the heatsink uppermost to allow ventilation for

the heatsink.

The radio should be mounted in a clean and dry location, protected

from water, excessive dust, corrosive fumes, extremes of temperature

and direct sunlight. Please allow sufficient passive or active ventilation

to allow the radio modems heatsink to operate efficiently.

Typical Radio Setup

Page 25

E Series Data Radio  User Manual

Part E  Getting Started - ER450

ER450 Connections Layout

Connecting Antennas and RF Feeders

The RF antenna system should be installed in accordance with the

manufacturers notes.

The RF connector used on the E Series radios are N Type female

connectors. Always use good quality low loss feeder cable, selected

according to the length of the cable run. Ensure all external

connections are waterproofed using amalgamating tape.

Preset directional antennas in the required direction using a compass,

GPS, or visual alignment and ensure correct polarisation (vertical or

horizontal).

Communications Ports

System Port  RJ45

The System Port (available front and rear on EB/EH450) is a multi-

function interface used for:

 Programming / Configuration of the radio

 Remote Diagnostics connections

To access these functions use theTVIEW+ Cable assembly (RJ45

Cable and RJ45 to DB9 Adaptor).

The TVIEW+ Cable is a standard CAT 5 RJ-45 (Male) to RJ-45

(Male) patch cable. It is intented for RS232 serial communications

only and should not be connected directly into an ethernet port of a

PC. The Cable must be used in conjuction with the RJ-45 to DB9

Adaptor.

TVIEW+ Adaptor Configuration:

Special user pinouts:

 Shutdown (Pin 4) - Active low for power save function

 External PTT (Pin 8) - Provides a manual PTT override facility

for enabling the transmitter. For testing this can be activated by

connecting PTT (Pin 8 ) to Gnd (Pin 7).

System

Port Description DB9 Female

Pin 1 System port data out (RS232) Pin 2

Pin 2 System port data in (RS232) Pin 3

Pin 3 Factory Use Only - Do not connect No Connection

Pin 4 Shutdown No Connection

Pin 5 Programming Use Only (Grounded) Pin 5

Pin 6 Factory Use Only - Do not connect No Connection

Pin 7 Ground Pin 5

Pin 8 External PTT No Connection

Page 26

E Series Data Radio  User Manual

Part E  Getting Started - ER450

User Interfaces  Ports A & B

Each user port (A & B) is wired as a RS232 DCE, configurable for no

handshaking (3-wire) interface, or for hardware or software (X-on/X-off)

flow control. In most systems flow control is not required, in which

case only 3 wires need to be connected between the radio and the

application device.

Typical pins used:

 Pin 2 (RxD) - data output from the radio modem,

 Pin 3 (TxD) - data input to the radio modem,

 Pin 5 (SG) - signal ground.

See Part D  System Planning and Design - Data Connectivity, for

further details of other cable configurations.

RS232 Connector Pin outs (DCE)

Port A and B, Female DB9

Activating the Transmitter

In most systems, the transmitter by default is controlled automatically

by the radio when it has data to transmit.

In some systems, such as full duplex point-to-point links or full duplex

point-to-multipoint base stations, it is desirable to run the transmitter all

the time (hot keyed).

Two mechanisms are provided to do this:

 the radio modem can be configured to transmit continuously

whenever powered, or

 the radio modem can be configured to transmit whenever an

external RTS signal (Pin 7) is applied to one (or either) user

ports. (To simulate an external RTS input, loop pins 6 to 7).

To operate in these modes, the radio must be configured via the

programming software.

Caution: When the radio is configured to transmit

continuously, ensure an RF load is present BEFORE

applying power to the unit.

Page 27

E Series Data Radio  User Manual

Part E  Getting Started- ER450

Power Supply Requirements

The E Series radio modem is designed and calibrated to operate from

a filtered 13.8Vdc regulated supply, but will operate from a 10-16Vdc

(11-16Vdc for EB450 & EH450) range. See Section L - Specifications

for more details on power supply requirments

Caution: There is NO internal replaceable fuse, and therefore

the radio modem MUST be externally fused with the fuse

holder provided (ER450: 3 amp slo-blow fuse, EB450: 5

amp fast-blow fuse, EH450 1 amp slo-blow fuse).

The radio is designed to self protect, and will blow the external fuse if

the voltage exceeds 16Vdc, or if reverse polarity is applied.

The radio modem can also be damaged if there is any potential

difference between the chassis-ground, RS232 signal ground, power (-

) input, or antenna coaxial shield. Before connecting any wiring,

ensure all components are earthed to a common ground point (please

pay particular attention to 24V PLC power systems where converters

are used).

Connect the antenna and RS 232 plugs BEFORE applying power to

the unit.

Lastly, before inserting the power plug, please re-check that the

polarity and voltage on the power plug is correct using a multimeter.

TVIEW+ Management Suite

Radio Configuration

This TVIEW+ Management Suite allows a number of features

including: Configuration (Local - serial, or Remote - over-the-air),

Remote Diagnostics Facilities and Firmware Upgrades.

The configuration wizard can be used to provide Quick Start generic

templates for the types of systems architecture you wish to employ.

Example: Local configuration session 

1 Attach the programming cable from the PC to the System

Port of the radio

2 Launch TVIEW+ & Select Programmer

3 Select Read the radio

4 Change the configuration as required

5 Select Write the parameters back to the radio

Refer to Parts I & J  TVIEW+ Management Suite for detailed

operation of advanced features.

Page 28

E Series Data Radio  User Manual

Optimising the Antenna for best RX

signal

Once the unit is operational, it is important to optimise the antenna

tuning.

In the case of a directional antenna, it will be necessary to align the

antenna for the best received signal.

This can be done by using the (0-5Vdc) output on Pin 9 of Port B to

indicate signal strength (RSSI). This voltage can be converted to dBm

using the chart below.

LED Indicators & Test Outputs

Radio is Powered

If all the LEDs are off, no power is reaching the radio modem.

Successful power-up is indicated by the PWR LED indicating a

continuous (healthy) GREEN state. Note that this LED is turned RED

when the transmitter is active.

LED Legend

Analog RSSI Output Characteristics - E Series Data Radio

0.5

1.5

2.5

3.5

4.5

-120 -110 -100 -90 -80 -70 -60 -50 -40

RF Level (dBm)

RSSI (DC Volts)

Part E  Getting Started- ER450

Radio Errors

Internal radio management software monitors many aspects of the

radio hardware. Under certain circumstances radio faults may prevent

normal operation. In the event that these fault conditions occur, the

radio will enter an ERROR state and this will be indicated by flashing

ALL LEDs RED, then flashing a pattern of GREEN LEDs. The pattern

of all GREEN LEDs represents the specific type of error that has

occurred. See Table below.

Port APort BSynch/

RXSig

Pwr/TX Error Diagnosis

OFF OFF OFF ON External Supply Voltage

out of spec. (1)

ON OFF ON OFF RX VCO Out of Lock. (2)

ON OFF OFF ON TX VCO Out of Lock. (3)

All other patterns indicate serious hardware errors. Please record this

pattern and return the result with the service return information.

Note (1): If external voltage is too high (>16Vdc) radio damage may

occur. If the external voltage is too low (<10Vdc) the radio may not

operate within specifications.

Note (2) and (3): If the radio receiver or transmitter frequencies are

programmed outside the specified frequency ranges (model type

dependent), then normal radio operation may not be possible. In this

case, use TVIEW+ to set the receiver and/or transmitter frequencies to

be within the specified range. If this error occurs and the frequencies

are within the specified frequency ranges (model type dependent), the

radio will need to be returned for service.

Page 29

E Series Data Radio  User Manual

Part E  Getting Started- ER450

Received Signal Indicator

The RX/SYNC LED is used to indicate the state of the receiver.

If the LED is off, no signal is being received.

A RED indication shows that an RF carrier is being received, but no

data stream can be decoded. This will briefly happen at the very start

of every valid received transmission or may indicate the presence of

interference, or another user on the channel.

A continuous GREEN indication shows that the modem is locked and

synchronised to the incoming signal, and has excellent Bit Error Rate

(BER). Any losses of synchronisation (BER errors) are shown as a

visible RED flicker of the LED.

Note: This might only be apparent on a PTMP slave when only

receiving.

Verifying Operational Health

It is possible to verify the operation of the radio modem using the

indicators provided by the unit. The state of the transmitter and

receiver, and data flow can be interpreted by the indicator LEDs (see

below).

Note: Port A and Port Bs RxD and TxD will be Active on Data Flow

Data Flow breakout LEDs

There are also two LEDs to indicate data flow into and out of the two

user ports.

Input data to be transmitted is shown as a RED flash, and received

data to be output to the port is shown as a GREEN flash.

If data is alternately flowing in and out quickly, then the indicator

appears orange.

Full Duplex  PTMP Master Tx

Half Duplex  Master or Slave (Tx)

Half Duplex  PTMP Slave Rx

Half Duplex  Master or Slave (Rx)

Full Duplex  PTP Master or Slave

LED Legend

Page 30

E Series Data Radio  User Manual

Part E  Getting Started - EB450

EB450 Quick Start Guide

Introduction

Welcome to the Quick Start Guide for the EB450 Base / Repeater

Data Radio. This guide provides step-by-step instructions, with simple

explanations to get you up-and-running.

Mounting and Environmental

Considerations

The EB450 Base Station is housed in a 2RU 19 rack enclosure. The

4 mounting holes on the front panel should be used to secure the unit to

the rack.

The radio should be mounted in a clean and dry location, protected

from water, excessive dust, corrosive fumes, extremes of temperature

and direct sunlight. Please allow sufficient passive or active ventilation

to allow the radio modems heatsink to operate efficiently.

All permanent connections are made at the rear of the unit. This

includes: Power, Antenna, Communications Ports, Digital I/O and

System Port. The front panel has an additional System Port

connection point for easy access.

Full Duplex Considerations

The EB450 is designed for continuous full duplex transmission. An

automatic thermostatically controlled fan will operate whenever the

internal temperature exceeds 50 degrees Celsius.

External Duplexer Considerations

The EB450 is normally supplied with separate Tx and Rx ports for

connection to an external duplexing system.

Depending on the frequency band of operation and the Tx/Rx

frequency split, internal band reject duplexers are available.

Connecting Antennas and RF Feeders

See ER450 Quick Start Guide

Communications Ports

See ER450 Quick Start Guide Section

Power Supply and Protection

See ER450 Quick Start Guide Section

TVIEW+ Management Suite - Radio

Configuration

See ER450 Quick Start Guide Section

Optimising the Antenna for VSWR and

best RX signal

See ER450 Quick Start Guide Section

Trio Datacom EB450-XXF01 Radio Data Modem Base User Manual E Series

Trio Datacom Pty Ltd (a wholly owned company of Schneider Electric) Radio Data Modem Base E Series

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