ZyXEL Communications NWA1100 Access Point User Manual NWA1100 UG v 1 00 Ed 1 July 2008

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Installation guide III

ZyXEL NWA-1100 User’s Guide 141

APPENDIX D

Setting up Your Computer’s IP

Address

All computers must have a 10M or 100M Ethernet adapter card and TCP/IP installed.

Windows 95/98/Me/NT/2000/XP, Macintosh OS 7 and later operating systems and all

versions of UNIX/LINUX include the software components you need to install and use TCP/

IP on your computer. Windows 3.1 requires the purchase of a third-party TCP/IP application

package.

TCP/IP should already be installed on computers using Windows NT/2000/XP, Macintosh OS

7 and later operating systems.

After the appropriate TCP/IP components are installed, configure the TCP/IP settings in order

to "communicate" with your network.

If you manually assign IP information instead of using dynamic assignment, make sure that

your computers have IP addresses that place them in the same subnet as the ZyXEL Device’s

LAN port.

Windows 95/98/Me

Click Start, Settings, Control Panel and double-click the Network icon to open the Network

window

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Figure 73 WIndows 95/98/Me: Network: Configuration

Installing Components

The Network window Configuration tab displays a list of installed components. You need a

network adapter, the TCP/IP protocol and Client for Microsoft Networks.

If you need the adapter:

1In the Network window, click Add.

2Select Adapter and then click Add.

3Select the manufacturer and model of your network adapter and then click OK.

If you need TCP/IP:

1In the Network window, click Add.

2Select Protocol and then click Add.

3Select Microsoft from the list of manufacturers.

4Select TCP/IP from the list of network protocols and then click OK.

If you need Client for Microsoft Networks:

1Click Add.

2Select Client and then click Add.

3Select Microsoft from the list of manufacturers.

4Select Client for Microsoft Networks from the list of network clients and then click

OK.

5Restart your computer so the changes you made take effect.

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Configuring

1In the Network window Configuration tab, select your network adapter's TCP/IP entry

and click Properties

2Click the IP Address tab.

• If your IP address is dynamic, select Obtain an IP address automatically.

• If you have a static IP address, select Specify an IP address and type your

information into the IP Address and Subnet Mask fields.

Figure 74 Windows 95/98/Me: TCP/IP Properties: IP Address

3Click the DNS Configuration tab.

• If you do not know your DNS information, select Disable DNS.

• If you know your DNS information, select Enable DNS and type the information in

the fields below (you may not need to fill them all in).

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Figure 75 Windows 95/98/Me: TCP/IP Properties: DNS Configuration

4Click the Gateway tab.

• If you do not know your gateway’s IP address, remove previously installed gateways.

• If you have a gateway IP address, type it in the New gateway field and click Add.

5Click OK to save and close the TCP/IP Properties window.

6Click OK to close the Network window. Insert the Windows CD if prompted.

7Turn on your ZyXEL Device and restart your computer when prompted.

Verifying Settings

1Click Start and then Run.

2In the Run window, type "winipcfg" and then click OK to open the IP Configuration

window.

3Select your network adapter. You should see your computer's IP address, subnet mask

and default gateway.

Windows 2000/NT/XP

1For Windows XP, click start, Control Panel. In Windows 2000/NT, click Start,

Settings, Control Panel.

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Figure 76 Windows XP: Start Menu

2For Windows XP, click Network Connections. For Windows 2000/NT, click Network

and Dial-up Connections.

Figure 77 Windows XP: Control Panel

3Right-click Local Area Connection and then click Properties.

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Figure 78 Windows XP: Control Panel: Network Connections: Properties

4Select Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) (under the General tab in Win XP) and click

Properties.

Figure 79 Windows XP: Local Area Connection Properties

5The Internet Protocol TCP/IP Properties window opens (the General tab in

Windows XP).

• If you have a dynamic IP address click Obtain an IP address automatically.

• If you have a static IP address click Use the following IP Address and fill in the IP

address, Subnet mask, and Default gateway fields. Click Advanced.

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Figure 80 Windows XP: Advanced TCP/IP Settings

6If you do not know your gateway's IP address, remove any previously installed gateways

in the IP Settings tab and click OK.

Do one or more of the following if you want to configure additional IP addresses:

•In the IP Settings tab, in IP addresses, click Add.

•In TCP/IP Address, type an IP address in IP address and a subnet mask in Subnet

mask, and then click Add.

• Repeat the above two steps for each IP address you want to add.

• Configure additional default gateways in the IP Settings tab by clicking Add in

Default gateways.

•In TCP/IP Gateway Address, type the IP address of the default gateway in Gateway.

To manually configure a default metric (the number of transmission hops), clear the

Automatic metric check box and type a metric in Metric.

• Click Add.

• Repeat the previous three steps for each default gateway you want to add.

• Click OK when finished.

7In the Internet Protocol TCP/IP Properties window (the General tab in Windows

XP):

• Click Obtain DNS server address automatically if you do not know your DNS

server IP address(es).

• If you know your DNS server IP address(es), click Use the following DNS server

addresses, and type them in the Preferred DNS server and Alternate DNS server

fields.

If you have previously configured DNS servers, click Advanced and then the DNS

tab to order them.

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Figure 81 Windows XP: Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) Properties

8Click OK to close the Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) Properties window.

9Click OK to close the Local Area Connection Properties window.

10 Turn on your ZyXEL Device and restart your computer (if prompted).

Verifying Settings

1Click Start, All Programs, Accessories and then Command Prompt.

2In the Command Prompt window, type "ipconfig" and then press [ENTER]. You can

also open Network Connections, right-click a network connection, click Status and

then click the Support tab.

Macintosh OS 8/9

1Click the Apple menu, Control Panel and double-click TCP/IP to open the TCP/IP

Control Panel.

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Figure 82 Macintosh OS 8/9: Apple Menu

2Select Ethernet built-in from the Connect via list.

Figure 83 Macintosh OS 8/9: TCP/IP

3For dynamically assigned settings, select Using DHCP Server from the Configure: list.

4For statically assigned settings, do the following:

•From the Configure box, select Manually.

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• Type your IP address in the IP Address box.

• Type your subnet mask in the Subnet mask box.

• Type the IP address of your ZyXEL Device in the Router address box.

5Close the TCP/IP Control Panel.

6Click Save if prompted, to save changes to your configuration.

7Turn on your ZyXEL Device and restart your computer (if prompted).

Verifying Settings

Check your TCP/IP properties in the TCP/IP Control Panel window.

Macintosh OS X

1Click the Apple menu, and click System Preferences to open the System Preferences

window.

Figure 84 Macintosh OS X: Apple Menu

2Click Network in the icon bar.

• Select Automatic from the Location list.

• Select Built-in Ethernet from the Show list.

• Click the TCP/IP tab.

3For dynamically assigned settings, select Using DHCP from the Configure list.

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Figure 85 Macintosh OS X: Network

4For statically assigned settings, do the following:

•From the Configure box, select Manually.

• Type your IP address in the IP Address box.

• Type your subnet mask in the Subnet mask box.

• Type the IP address of your ZyXEL Device in the Router address box.

5Click Apply Now and close the window.

6Turn on your ZyXEL Device and restart your computer (if prompted).

Verifying Settings

Check your TCP/IP properties in the Network window.

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APPENDIX E

Wireless LANs

Wireless LAN Topologies

This section discusses ad-hoc and infrastructure wireless LAN topologies.

Ad-hoc Wireless LAN Configuration

The simplest WLAN configuration is an independent (Ad-hoc) WLAN that connects a set of

computers with wireless adapters (A, B, C). Any time two or more wireless adapters are within

range of each other, they can set up an independent network, which is commonly referred to as

an ad-hoc network or Independent Basic Service Set (IBSS). The following diagram shows an

example of notebook computers using wireless adapters to form an ad-hoc wireless LAN.

Figure 86 Peer-to-Peer Communication in an Ad-hoc Network

BSS

A Basic Service Set (BSS) exists when all communications between wireless clients or

between a wireless client and a wired network client go through one access point (AP).

Intra-BSS traffic is traffic between wireless clients in the BSS. When Intra-BSS is enabled,

wireless client A and B can access the wired network and communicate with each other. When

Intra-BSS is disabled, wireless client A and B can still access the wired network but cannot

communicate with each other.

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Figure 87 Basic Service Set

ESS

An Extended Service Set (ESS) consists of a series of overlapping BSSs, each containing an

access point, with each access point connected together by a wired network. This wired

connection between APs is called a Distribution System (DS).

This type of wireless LAN topology is called an Infrastructure WLAN. The Access Points not

only provide communication with the wired network but also mediate wireless network traffic

in the immediate neighborhood.

An ESSID (ESS IDentification) uniquely identifies each ESS. All access points and their

associated wireless clients within the same ESS must have the same ESSID in order to

communicate.

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Figure 88 Infrastructure WLAN

Channel

A channel is the radio frequency(ies) used by IEEE 802.11a/b/g wireless devices. Channels

available depend on your geographical area. You may have a choice of channels (for your

region) so you should use a different channel than an adjacent AP (access point) to reduce

interference. Interference occurs when radio signals from different access points overlap

causing interference and degrading performance.

Adjacent channels partially overlap however. To avoid interference due to overlap, your AP

should be on a channel at least five channels away from a channel that an adjacent AP is using.

For example, if your region has 11 channels and an adjacent AP is using channel 1, then you

need to select a channel between 6 or 11.

RTS/CTS

A hidden node occurs when two stations are within range of the same access point, but are not

within range of each other. The following figure illustrates a hidden node. Both stations (STA)

are within range of the access point (AP) or wireless gateway, but out-of-range of each other,

so they cannot "hear" each other, that is they do not know if the channel is currently being

used. Therefore, they are considered hidden from each other.

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Figure 89 RTS/CTS

When station A sends data to the AP, it might not know that the station B is already using the

channel. If these two stations send data at the same time, collisions may occur when both sets

of data arrive at the AP at the same time, resulting in a loss of messages for both stations.

RTS/CTS is designed to prevent collisions due to hidden nodes. An RTS/CTS defines the

biggest size data frame you can send before an RTS (Request To Send)/CTS (Clear to Send)

handshake is invoked.

When a data frame exceeds the RTS/CTS value you set (between 1 to 2432 bytes), the station

that wants to transmit this frame must first send an RTS (Request To Send) message to the AP

for permission to send it. The AP then responds with a CTS (Clear to Send) message to all

other stations within its range to notify them to defer their transmission. It also reserves and

confirms with the requesting station the time frame for the requested transmission.

Stations can send frames smaller than the specified RTS/CTS directly to the AP without the

RTS (Request To Send)/CTS (Clear to Send) handshake.

You should only configure RTS/CTS if the possibility of hidden nodes exists on your network

and the "cost" of resending large frames is more than the extra network overhead involved in

the RTS (Request To Send)/CTS (Clear to Send) handshake.

If the RTS/CTS value is greater than the Fragmentation Threshold value (see next), then the

RTS (Request To Send)/CTS (Clear to Send) handshake will never occur as data frames will

be fragmented before they reach RTS/CTS size.

"Enabling the RTS Threshold causes redundant network overhead that could

negatively affect the throughput performance instead of providing a remedy.

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Fragmentation Threshold

A Fragmentation Threshold is the maximum data fragment size (between 256 and 2432

bytes) that can be sent in the wireless network before the AP will fragment the packet into

smaller data frames.

A large Fragmentation Threshold is recommended for networks not prone to interference

while you should set a smaller threshold for busy networks or networks that are prone to

interference.

If the Fragmentation Threshold value is smaller than the RTS/CTS value (see previously)

you set then the RTS (Request To Send)/CTS (Clear to Send) handshake will never occur as

data frames will be fragmented before they reach RTS/CTS size.

Preamble Type

Preamble is used to signal that data is coming to the receiver. Short and Long refer to the

length of the synchronization field in a packet.

Short preamble increases performance as less time sending preamble means more time for

sending data. All IEEE 802.11b/g compliant wireless adapters support long preamble, but not

all support short preamble.

Select Long preamble if you are unsure what preamble mode the wireless adapters support,

and to provide more reliable communications in busy wireless networks.

Select Dynamic to have the AP automatically use short preamble when wireless adapters

support it, otherwise the AP uses long preamble.

"The AP and the wireless adapters MUST use the same preamble mode in

order to communicate.

IEEE 802.11g Wireless LAN

IEEE 802.11g is fully compatible with the IEEE 802.11b standard. This means an IEEE

802.11b adapter can interface directly with an IEEE 802.11g access point (and vice versa) at

11 Mbps or lower depending on range. IEEE 802.11g has several intermediate rate steps

between the maximum and minimum data rates. The IEEE 802.11g data rate and modulation

are as follows:

Table 53 IEEE 802.11g

DATA RATE (MBPS) MODULATION

1 DBPSK (Differential Binary Phase Shift Keyed)

2 DQPSK (Differential Quadrature Phase Shift Keying)

5.5 / 11 CCK (Complementary Code Keying)

6/9/12/18/24/36/48/54 OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing)

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Wireless Security Overview

Wireless security is vital to your network to protect wireless communication between wireless

clients, access points and the wired network.

Wireless security methods available on the ZyXEL Device are data encryption, wireless client

authentication, restricting access by device MAC address and hiding the ZyXEL Device

identity.

The following figure shows the relative effectiveness of these wireless security methods

available on your ZyXEL Device.

"You must enable the same wireless security settings on the ZyXEL Device and

on all wireless clients that you want to associate with it.

IEEE 802.1x

In June 2001, the IEEE 802.1x standard was designed to extend the features of IEEE 802.11 to

support extended authentication as well as providing additional accounting and control

features. It is supported by Windows XP and a number of network devices. Some advantages

of IEEE 802.1x are:

• User based identification that allows for roaming.

• Support for RADIUS (Remote Authentication Dial In User Service, RFC 2138, 2139) for

centralized user profile and accounting management on a network RADIUS server.

• Support for EAP (Extensible Authentication Protocol, RFC 2486) that allows additional

authentication methods to be deployed with no changes to the access point or the wireless

clients.

Table 54 Wireless Security Levels

SECURITY

LEVEL SECURITY TYPE

Least

S e c u r e

Most Secure

Unique SSID (Default)

Unique SSID with Hide SSID Enabled

MAC Address Filtering

WEP Encryption

IEEE802.1x EAP with RADIUS Server Authentication

Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA)

WPA2

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RADIUS

RADIUS is based on a client-server model that supports authentication, authorization and

accounting. The access point is the client and the server is the RADIUS server. The RADIUS

server handles the following tasks:

• Authentication

Determines the identity of the users.

• Authorization

Determines the network services available to authenticated users once they are connected

to the network.

• Accounting

Keeps track of the client’s network activity.

RADIUS is a simple package exchange in which your AP acts as a message relay between the

wireless client and the network RADIUS server.

Types of RADIUS Messages

The following types of RADIUS messages are exchanged between the access point and the

RADIUS server for user authentication:

• Access-Request

Sent by an access point requesting authentication.

• Access-Reject

Sent by a RADIUS server rejecting access.

• Access-Accept

Sent by a RADIUS server allowing access.

• Access-Challenge

Sent by a RADIUS server requesting more information in order to allow access. The

access point sends a proper response from the user and then sends another Access-Request

message.

The following types of RADIUS messages are exchanged between the access point and the

RADIUS server for user accounting:

• Accounting-Request

Sent by the access point requesting accounting.

• Accounting-Response

Sent by the RADIUS server to indicate that it has started or stopped accounting.

In order to ensure network security, the access point and the RADIUS server use a shared

secret key, which is a password, they both know. The key is not sent over the network. In

addition to the shared key, password information exchanged is also encrypted to protect the

network from unauthorized access.

Types of EAP Authentication

This section discusses some popular authentication types: EAP-MD5, EAP-TLS, EAP-TTLS,

PEAP and LEAP. Your wireless LAN device may not support all authentication types.

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EAP (Extensible Authentication Protocol) is an authentication protocol that runs on top of the

IEEE 802.1x transport mechanism in order to support multiple types of user authentication. By

using EAP to interact with an EAP-compatible RADIUS server, an access point helps a

wireless station and a RADIUS server perform authentication.

The type of authentication you use depends on the RADIUS server and an intermediary AP(s)

that supports IEEE 802.1x. .

For EAP-TLS authentication type, you must first have a wired connection to the network and

obtain the certificate(s) from a certificate authority (CA). A certificate (also called digital IDs)

can be used to authenticate users and a CA issues certificates and guarantees the identity of

each certificate owner.

EAP-MD5 (Message-Digest Algorithm 5)

MD5 authentication is the simplest one-way authentication method. The authentication server

sends a challenge to the wireless client. The wireless client ‘proves’ that it knows the password

by encrypting the password with the challenge and sends back the information. Password is

not sent in plain text.

However, MD5 authentication has some weaknesses. Since the authentication server needs to

get the plaintext passwords, the passwords must be stored. Thus someone other than the

authentication server may access the password file. In addition, it is possible to impersonate an

authentication server as MD5 authentication method does not perform mutual authentication.

Finally, MD5 authentication method does not support data encryption with dynamic session

key. You must configure WEP encryption keys for data encryption.

EAP-TLS (Transport Layer Security)

With EAP-TLS, digital certifications are needed by both the server and the wireless clients for

mutual authentication. The server presents a certificate to the client. After validating the

identity of the server, the client sends a different certificate to the server. The exchange of

certificates is done in the open before a secured tunnel is created. This makes user identity

vulnerable to passive attacks. A digital certificate is an electronic ID card that authenticates the

sender’s identity. However, to implement EAP-TLS, you need a Certificate Authority (CA) to

handle certificates, which imposes a management overhead.

EAP-TTLS (Tunneled Transport Layer Service)

EAP-TTLS is an extension of the EAP-TLS authentication that uses certificates for only the

server-side authentications to establish a secure connection. Client authentication is then done

by sending username and password through the secure connection, thus client identity is

protected. For client authentication, EAP-TTLS supports EAP methods and legacy

authentication methods such as PAP, CHAP, MS-CHAP and MS-CHAP v2.

PEAP (Protected EAP)

Like EAP-TTLS, server-side certificate authentication is used to establish a secure connection,

then use simple username and password methods through the secured connection to

authenticate the clients, thus hiding client identity. However, PEAP only supports EAP

methods, such as EAP-MD5, EAP-MSCHAPv2 and EAP-GTC (EAP-Generic Token Card),

for client authentication. EAP-GTC is implemented only by Cisco.

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LEAP

LEAP (Lightweight Extensible Authentication Protocol) is a Cisco implementation of IEEE

802.1x.

Dynamic WEP Key Exchange

The AP maps a unique key that is generated with the RADIUS server. This key expires when

the wireless connection times out, disconnects or reauthentication times out. A new WEP key

is generated each time reauthentication is performed.

If this feature is enabled, it is not necessary to configure a default encryption key in the

Wireless screen. You may still configure and store keys here, but they will not be used while

Dynamic WEP is enabled.

"EAP-MD5 cannot be used with Dynamic WEP Key Exchange

For added security, certificate-based authentications (EAP-TLS, EAP-TTLS and PEAP) use

dynamic keys for data encryption. They are often deployed in corporate environments, but for

public deployment, a simple user name and password pair is more practical. The following

table is a comparison of the features of authentication types.

WPA and WPA2

Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA) is a subset of the IEEE 802.11i standard. WPA2 (IEEE

802.11i) is a wireless security standard that defines stronger encryption, authentication and

key management than WPA.

Key differences between WPA or WPA2 and WEP are improved data encryption and user

authentication.

Table 55 Comparison of EAP Authentication Types

EAP-MD5 EAP-TLS EAP-TTLS PEAP LEAP

Mutual Authentication No Yes Yes Yes Yes

Certificate – Client No Yes Optional Optional No

Certificate – Server No Yes Yes Yes No

Dynamic Key Exchange No Yes Yes Yes Yes

Credential Integrity None Strong Strong Strong Moderate

Deployment Difficulty Easy Hard Moderate Moderate Moderate

Client Identity Protection No No Yes Yes No

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If both an AP and the wireless clients support WPA2 and you have an external RADIUS

server, use WPA2 for stronger data encryption. If you don't have an external RADIUS server,

you should use WPA2-PSK (WPA2-Pre-Shared Key) that only requires a single (identical)

password entered into each access point, wireless gateway and wireless client. As long as the

passwords match, a wireless client will be granted access to a WLAN.

If the AP or the wireless clients do not support WPA2, just use WPA or WPA-PSK depending

on whether you have an external RADIUS server or not.

Select WEP only when the AP and/or wireless clients do not support WPA or WPA2. WEP is

less secure than WPA or WPA2.

Encryption

Both WPA and WPA2 improve data encryption by using Temporal Key Integrity Protocol

(TKIP), Message Integrity Check (MIC) and IEEE 802.1x. WPA and WPA2 use Advanced

Encryption Standard (AES) in the Counter mode with Cipher block chaining Message

authentication code Protocol (CCMP) to offer stronger encryption than TKIP.

TKIP uses 128-bit keys that are dynamically generated and distributed by the authentication

server. AES (Advanced Encryption Standard) is a block cipher that uses a 256-bit

mathematical algorithm called Rijndael. They both include a per-packet key mixing function,

a Message Integrity Check (MIC) named Michael, an extended initialization vector (IV) with

sequencing rules, and a re-keying mechanism.

WPA and WPA2 regularly change and rotate the encryption keys so that the same encryption

key is never used twice.

The RADIUS server distributes a Pairwise Master Key (PMK) key to the AP that then sets up

a key hierarchy and management system, using the PMK to dynamically generate unique data

encryption keys to encrypt every data packet that is wirelessly communicated between the AP

and the wireless clients. This all happens in the background automatically.

The Message Integrity Check (MIC) is designed to prevent an attacker from capturing data

packets, altering them and resending them. The MIC provides a strong mathematical function

in which the receiver and the transmitter each compute and then compare the MIC. If they do

not match, it is assumed that the data has been tampered with and the packet is dropped.

By generating unique data encryption keys for every data packet and by creating an integrity

checking mechanism (MIC), with TKIP and AES it is more difficult to decrypt data on a Wi-Fi

network than WEP and difficult for an intruder to break into the network.

The encryption mechanisms used for WPA(2) and WPA(2)-PSK are the same. The only

difference between the two is that WPA(2)-PSK uses a simple common password, instead of

user-specific credentials. The common-password approach makes WPA(2)-PSK susceptible to

brute-force password-guessing attacks but it’s still an improvement over WEP as it employs a

consistent, single, alphanumeric password to derive a PMK which is used to generate unique

temporal encryption keys. This prevent all wireless devices sharing the same encryption keys.

(a weakness of WEP)

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User Authentication

WPA and WPA2 apply IEEE 802.1x and Extensible Authentication Protocol (EAP) to

authenticate wireless clients using an external RADIUS database. WPA2 reduces the number

of key exchange messages from six to four (CCMP 4-way handshake) and shortens the time

required to connect to a network. Other WPA2 authentication features that are different from

WPA include key caching and pre-authentication. These two features are optional and may not

be supported in all wireless devices.

Key caching allows a wireless client to store the PMK it derived through a successful

authentication with an AP. The wireless client uses the PMK when it tries to connect to the

same AP and does not need to go with the authentication process again.

Pre-authentication enables fast roaming by allowing the wireless client (already connecting to

an AP) to perform IEEE 802.1x authentication with another AP before connecting to it.

Wireless Client WPA Supplicants

A wireless client supplicant is the software that runs on an operating system instructing the

wireless client how to use WPA. At the time of writing, the most widely available supplicant is

the WPA patch for Windows XP, Funk Software's Odyssey client.

The Windows XP patch is a free download that adds WPA capability to Windows XP's built-

in "Zero Configuration" wireless client. However, you must run Windows XP to use it.

WPA(2) with RADIUS Application Example

You need the IP address of the RADIUS server, its port number (default is 1812), and the

RADIUS shared secret. A WPA(2) application example with an external RADIUS server

looks as follows. "A" is the RADIUS server. "DS" is the distribution system.

1The AP passes the wireless client's authentication request to the RADIUS server.

2The RADIUS server then checks the user's identification against its database and grants

or denies network access accordingly.

3The RADIUS server distributes a Pairwise Master Key (PMK) key to the AP that then

sets up a key hierarchy and management system, using the pair-wise key to dynamically

generate unique data encryption keys to encrypt every data packet that is wirelessly

communicated between the AP and the wireless clients.

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Figure 90 WPA(2) with RADIUS Application Example

WPA(2)-PSK Application Example

A WPA(2)-PSK application looks as follows.

1First enter identical passwords into the AP and all wireless clients. The Pre-Shared Key

(PSK) must consist of between 8 and 63 ASCII characters or 64 hexadecimal characters

(including spaces and symbols).

2The AP checks each wireless client's password and (only) allows it to join the network if

the password matches.

3The AP and wireless clients use the pre-shared key to generate a common PMK

(Pairwise Master Key).

4The AP and wireless clients use the TKIP or AES encryption process to encrypt data

exchanged between them.

Figure 91 WPA(2)-PSK Authentication

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Security Parameters Summary

Refer to this table to see what other security parameters you should configure for each

Authentication Method/ key management protocol type. MAC address filters are not

dependent on how you configure these security features.

Antenna Overview

An antenna couples RF signals onto air. A transmitter within a wireless device sends an RF

signal to the antenna, which propagates the signal through the air. The antenna also operates in

reverse by capturing RF signals from the air.

Positioning the antennas properly increases the range and coverage area of a wireless LAN.

Antenna Characteristics

Frequency

An antenna in the frequency of 2.4GHz (IEEE 802.11b) or 5GHz(IEEE 802.11a) is needed to

communicate efficiently in a wireless LAN.

Radiation Pattern

A radiation pattern is a diagram that allows you to visualize the shape of the antenna’s

coverage area.

Table 56 Wireless Security Relational Matrix

AUTHENTICATION

METHOD/ KEY

MANAGEMENT PROTOCOL

ENCRYPTIO

N METHOD

ENTER

MANUAL KEY IEEE 802.1X

Open None No Disable

Enable without Dynamic WEP Key

Open WEP No Enable with Dynamic WEP Key

Yes Enable without Dynamic WEP Key

Yes Disable

Shared WEP No Enable with Dynamic WEP Key

Yes Enable without Dynamic WEP Key

Yes Disable

WPA TKIP/AES No Enable

WPA-PSK TKIP/AES Yes Disable

WPA2 TKIP/AES No Enable

WPA2-PSK TKIP/AES Yes Disable

Appendix E Wireless LANs

ZyXEL NWA-1100 User’s Guide

166

Antenna Gain

Antenna gain, measured in dB (decibel), is the increase in coverage within the RF beam width.

Higher antenna gain improves the range of the signal for better communications.

For an indoor site, each 1 dB increase in antenna gain results in a range increase of

approximately 2.5%. For an unobstructed outdoor site, each 1dB increase in gain results in a

range increase of approximately 5%. Actual results may vary depending on the network

environment.

Antenna gain is sometimes specified in dBi, which is how much the antenna increases the

signal power compared to using an isotropic antenna. An isotropic antenna is a theoretical

perfect antenna that sends out radio signals equally well in all directions. dBi represents the

true gain that the antenna provides.

Types of Antennas for WLAN

There are two types of antennas used for wireless LAN applications.

• Omni-directional antennas send the RF signal out in all directions on a horizontal plane.

The coverage area is torus-shaped (like a donut) which makes these antennas ideal for a

room environment. With a wide coverage area, it is possible to make circular overlapping

coverage areas with multiple access points.

• Directional antennas concentrate the RF signal in a beam, like a flashlight does with the

light from its bulb. The angle of the beam determines the width of the coverage pattern.

Angles typically range from 20 degrees (very directional) to 120 degrees (less directional).

Directional antennas are ideal for hallways and outdoor point-to-point applications.

Positioning Antennas

In general, antennas should be mounted as high as practically possible and free of

obstructions. In point-to–point application, position both antennas at the same height and in a

direct line of sight to each other to attain the best performance.

For omni-directional antennas mounted on a table, desk, and so on, point the antenna up. For

omni-directional antennas mounted on a wall or ceiling, point the antenna down. For a single

AP application, place omni-directional antennas as close to the center of the coverage area as

possible.

For directional antennas, point the antenna in the direction of the desired coverage area.

ZyXEL NWA-1100 User’s Guide 167

APPENDIX F

Pop-up Windows, JavaScripts

and Java Permissions

In order to use the web configurator you need to allow:

• Web browser pop-up windows from your device.

• JavaScripts (enabled by default).

• Java permissions (enabled by default).

"Internet Explorer 6 screens are used here. Screens for other Internet Explorer

versions may vary.

Internet Explorer Pop-up Blockers

You may have to disable pop-up blocking to log into your device.

Either disable pop-up blocking (enabled by default in Windows XP SP (Service Pack) 2) or

allow pop-up blocking and create an exception for your device’s IP address.

Disable pop-up Blockers

1In Internet Explorer, select To ols , Pop-up Blocker and then select Turn Off Pop-up

Blocker.

Figure 92 Pop-up Blocker

You can also check if pop-up blocking is disabled in the Pop-up Blocker section in the

Privacy tab.

1In Internet Explorer, select To ols , Internet Options, Privacy.

Appendix F Pop-up Windows, JavaScripts and Java Permissions

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168

2Clear the Block pop-ups check box in the Pop-up Blocker section of the screen. This

disables any web pop-up blockers you may have enabled.

Figure 93 Internet Options: Privacy

3Click Apply to save this setting.

Enable pop-up Blockers with Exceptions

Alternatively, if you only want to allow pop-up windows from your device, see the following

steps.

1In Internet Explorer, select To ols , Internet Options and then the Privacy tab.

2Select Settings…to open the Pop-up Blocker Settings screen.

Appendix F Pop-up Windows, JavaScripts and Java Permissions

ZyXEL NWA-1100 User’s Guide 169

Figure 94 Internet Options: Privacy

3Type the IP address of your device (the web page that you do not want to have blocked)

with the prefix “http://”. For example, http://192.168.167.1.

4Click Add to move the IP address to the list of Allowed sites.

Figure 95 Pop-up Blocker Settings

Appendix F Pop-up Windows, JavaScripts and Java Permissions

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170

5Click Close to return to the Privacy screen.

6Click Apply to save this setting.

JavaScripts

If pages of the web configurator do not display properly in Internet Explorer, check that

JavaScripts are allowed.

1In Internet Explorer, click Tools, Internet Options and then the Security tab.

Figure 96 Internet Options: Security

2Click the Custom Level... button.

3Scroll down to Scripting.

4Under Active scripting make sure that Enable is selected (the default).

5Under Scripting of Java applets make sure that Enable is selected (the default).

6Click OK to close the window.

Appendix F Pop-up Windows, JavaScripts and Java Permissions

ZyXEL NWA-1100 User’s Guide 171

Figure 97 Security Settings - Java Scripting

Java Permissions

1From Internet Explorer, click Tools, Internet Options and then the Security tab.

2Click the Custom Level... button.

3Scroll down to Microsoft VM.

4Under Java permissions make sure that a safety level is selected.

5Click OK to close the window.

Figure 98 Security Settings - Java

Appendix F Pop-up Windows, JavaScripts and Java Permissions

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172

JAVA (Sun)

1From Internet Explorer, click Tools, Internet Options and then the Advanced tab.

2Make sure that Use Java 2 for <applet> under Java (Sun) is selected.

3Click OK to close the window.

Figure 99 Java (Sun)

ZyXEL NWA-1100 User’s Guide 173

APPENDIX G

IP Addresses and Subnetting

This appendix introduces IP addresses and subnet masks.

IP addresses identify individual devices on a network. Every networking device (including

computers, servers, routers, printers, etc.) needs an IP address to communicate across the

network. These networking devices are also known as hosts.

Subnet masks determine the maximum number of possible hosts on a network. You can also

use subnet masks to divide one network into multiple sub-networks.

Introduction to IP Addresses

One part of the IP address is the network number, and the other part is the host ID. In the same

way that houses on a street share a common street name, the hosts on a network share a

common network number. Similarly, as each house has its own house number, each host on

the network has its own unique identifying number - the host ID. Routers use the network

number to send packets to the correct network, while the host ID determines to which host on

the network the packets are delivered.

Structure

An IP address is made up of four parts, written in dotted decimal notation (for example,

192.168.1.1). Each of these four parts is known as an octet. An octet is an eight-digit binary

number (for example 11000000, which is 192 in decimal notation).

Therefore, each octet has a possible range of 00000000 to 11111111 in binary, or 0 to 255 in

decimal.

The following figure shows an example IP address in which the first three octets (192.168.1)

are the network number, and the fourth octet (16) is the host ID.

Appendix G IP Addresses and Subnetting

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174

Figure 100 Network Number and Host ID

How much of the IP address is the network number and how much is the host ID varies

according to the subnet mask.

Subnet Masks

A subnet mask is used to determine which bits are part of the network number, and which bits

are part of the host ID (using a logical AND operation). The term “subnet” is short for “sub-

network”.

A subnet mask has 32 bits. If a bit in the subnet mask is a “1” then the corresponding bit in the

IP address is part of the network number. If a bit in the subnet mask is “0” then the

corresponding bit in the IP address is part of the host ID.

The following example shows a subnet mask identifying the network number (in bold text)

and host ID of an IP address (192.168.1.2 in decimal).

By convention, subnet masks always consist of a continuous sequence of ones beginning from

the leftmost bit of the mask, followed by a continuous sequence of zeros, for a total number of

32 bits.

Subnet masks can be referred to by the size of the network number part (the bits with a “1”

value). For example, an “8-bit mask” means that the first 8 bits of the mask are ones and the

remaining 24 bits are zeroes.

Table 57 Subnet Masks

1ST

OCTET:

(192)

2ND

OCTET:

(168)

3RD

OCTET:

(1)

4TH OCTET

(2)

IP Address (Binary) 11000000 10101000 00000001 00000010

Subnet Mask (Binary) 11111111 11111111 11111111 00000000

Network Number 11000000 10101000 00000001

Host ID 00000010

Appendix G IP Addresses and Subnetting

ZyXEL NWA-1100 User’s Guide 175

Subnet masks are expressed in dotted decimal notation just like IP addresses. The following

examples show the binary and decimal notation for 8-bit, 16-bit, 24-bit and 29-bit subnet

masks.

Network Size

The size of the network number determines the maximum number of possible hosts you can

have on your network. The larger the number of network number bits, the smaller the number

of remaining host ID bits.

An IP address with host IDs of all zeros is the IP address of the network (192.168.1.0 with a

24-bit subnet mask, for example). An IP address with host IDs of all ones is the broadcast

address for that network (192.168.1.255 with a 24-bit subnet mask, for example).

As these two IP addresses cannot be used for individual hosts, calculate the maximum number

of possible hosts in a network as follows:

Notation

Since the mask is always a continuous number of ones beginning from the left, followed by a

continuous number of zeros for the remainder of the 32 bit mask, you can simply specify the

number of ones instead of writing the value of each octet. This is usually specified by writing

a “/” followed by the number of bits in the mask after the address.

For example, 192.1.1.0 /25 is equivalent to saying 192.1.1.0 with subnet mask

255.255.255.128.

The following table shows some possible subnet masks using both notations.

Table 58 Subnet Masks

BINARY

DECIMAL

1ST

OCTET

2ND

OCTET

3RD

OCTET 4TH OCTET

8-bit mask 11111111 00000000 00000000 00000000 255.0.0.0

16-bit mask 11111111 11111111 00000000 00000000 255.255.0.0

24-bit mask 11111111 11111111 11111111 00000000 255.255.255.0

29-bit mask 11111111 11111111 11111111 11111000 255.255.255.248

Table 59 Maximum Host Numbers

SUBNET MASK HOST ID SIZE MAXIMUM NUMBER OF HOSTS

8 bits 255.0.0.0 24 bits 224 – 2 16777214

16 bits 255.255.0.0 16 bits 216 – 2 65534

24 bits 255.255.255.0 8 bits 28 – 2 254

29 bits 255.255.255.248 3 bits 23 – 2 6

Table 60 Alternative Subnet Mask Notation

SUBNET MASK ALTERNATIVE

NOTATION

LAST OCTET

(BINARY)

LAST OCTET

(DECIMAL)

255.255.255.0 /24 0000 0000 0

255.255.255.128 /25 1000 0000 128

Appendix G IP Addresses and Subnetting

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176

Subnetting

You can use subnetting to divide one network into multiple sub-networks. In the following

example a network administrator creates two sub-networks to isolate a group of servers from

the rest of the company network for security reasons.

In this example, the company network address is 192.168.1.0. The first three octets of the

address (192.168.1) are the network number, and the remaining octet is the host ID, allowing a

maximum of 28 – 2 or 254 possible hosts.

The following figure shows the company network before subnetting.

Figure 101 Subnetting Example: Before Subnetting

You can “borrow” one of the host ID bits to divide the network 192.168.1.0 into two separate

sub-networks. The subnet mask is now 25 bits (255.255.255.128 or /25).

The “borrowed” host ID bit can have a value of either 0 or 1, allowing two subnets;

192.168.1.0 /25 and 192.168.1.128 /25.

The following figure shows the company network after subnetting. There are now two sub-

networks, A and B.

255.255.255.192 /26 1100 0000 192

255.255.255.224 /27 1110 0000 224

255.255.255.240 /28 1111 0000 240

255.255.255.248 /29 1111 1000 248

255.255.255.252 /30 1111 1100 252

Table 60 Alternative Subnet Mask Notation (continued)

SUBNET MASK ALTERNATIVE

NOTATION

LAST OCTET

(BINARY)

LAST OCTET

(DECIMAL)

Appendix G IP Addresses and Subnetting

ZyXEL NWA-1100 User’s Guide 177

Figure 102 Subnetting Example: After Subnetting

In a 25-bit subnet the host ID has 7 bits, so each sub-network has a maximum of 27 – 2 or 126

possible hosts (a host ID of all zeroes is the subnet’s address itself, all ones is the subnet’s

broadcast address).

192.168.1.0 with mask 255.255.255.128 is subnet A itself, and 192.168.1.127 with mask

255.255.255.128 is its broadcast address. Therefore, the lowest IP address that can be assigned

to an actual host for subnet A is 192.168.1.1 and the highest is 192.168.1.126.

Similarly, the host ID range for subnet B is 192.168.1.129 to 192.168.1.254.

Example: Four Subnets

The previous example illustrated using a 25-bit subnet mask to divide a 24-bit address into two

subnets. Similarly, to divide a 24-bit address into four subnets, you need to “borrow” two host

ID bits to give four possible combinations (00, 01, 10 and 11). The subnet mask is 26 bits

(11111111.11111111.11111111.11000000) or 255.255.255.192.

Each subnet contains 6 host ID bits, giving 26 - 2 or 62 hosts for each subnet (a host ID of all

zeroes is the subnet itself, all ones is the subnet’s broadcast address).

Table 61 Subnet 1

IP/SUBNET MASK NETWORK NUMBER LAST OCTET BIT

VALUE

IP Address (Decimal) 192.168.1. 0

IP Address (Binary) 11000000.10101000.00000001. 00000000

Subnet Mask (Binary) 11111111.11111111.11111111. 11000000

Subnet Address:

192.168.1.0

Lowest Host ID: 192.168.1.1

Broadcast Address:

192.168.1.63

Highest Host ID: 192.168.1.62

Appendix G IP Addresses and Subnetting

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178

Example: Eight Subnets

Similarly, use a 27-bit mask to create eight subnets (000, 001, 010, 011, 100, 101, 110 and

111).

The following table shows IP address last octet values for each subnet.

Table 62 Subnet 2

IP/SUBNET MASK NETWORK NUMBER LAST OCTET BIT

VALUE

IP Address 192.168.1. 64

IP Address (Binary) 11000000.10101000.00000001. 01000000

Subnet Mask (Binary) 11111111.11111111.11111111. 11000000

Subnet Address:

192.168.1.64

Lowest Host ID: 192.168.1.65

Broadcast Address:

192.168.1.127

Highest Host ID: 192.168.1.126

Table 63 Subnet 3

IP/SUBNET MASK NETWORK NUMBER LAST OCTET BIT

VALUE

IP Address 192.168.1. 128

IP Address (Binary) 11000000.10101000.00000001. 10000000

Subnet Mask (Binary) 11111111.11111111.11111111. 11000000

Subnet Address:

192.168.1.128

Lowest Host ID: 192.168.1.129

Broadcast Address:

192.168.1.191

Highest Host ID: 192.168.1.190

Table 64 Subnet 4

IP/SUBNET MASK NETWORK NUMBER LAST OCTET BIT

VALUE

IP Address 192.168.1. 192

IP Address (Binary) 11000000.10101000.00000001. 11000000

Subnet Mask (Binary) 11111111.11111111.11111111. 11000000

Subnet Address:

192.168.1.192

Lowest Host ID: 192.168.1.193

Broadcast Address:

192.168.1.255

Highest Host ID: 192.168.1.254

Table 65 Eight Subnets

SUBNET SUBNET

ADDRESS FIRST ADDRESS LAST

ADDRESS

BROADCAST

ADDRESS

1 0 1 30 31

232 33 62 63

364 65 94 95

496 97 126 127

Appendix G IP Addresses and Subnetting

ZyXEL NWA-1100 User’s Guide 179

Subnet Planning

The following table is a summary for subnet planning on a network with a 24-bit network

number.

The following table is a summary for subnet planning on a network with a 16-bit network

number.

5128 129 158 159

6160 161 190 191

7192 193 222 223

8224 225 254 255

Table 65 Eight Subnets (continued)

SUBNET SUBNET

ADDRESS FIRST ADDRESS LAST

ADDRESS

BROADCAST

ADDRESS

Table 66 24-bit Network Number Subnet Planning

NO. “BORROWED”

HOST BITS SUBNET MASK NO. SUBNETS NO. HOSTS PER

SUBNET

1255.255.255.128 (/25) 2126

2255.255.255.192 (/26) 462

3255.255.255.224 (/27) 830

4255.255.255.240 (/28) 16 14

5255.255.255.248 (/29) 32 6

6255.255.255.252 (/30) 64 2

7255.255.255.254 (/31) 128 1

Table 67 16-bit Network Number Subnet Planning

NO. “BORROWED”

HOST BITS SUBNET MASK NO. SUBNETS NO. HOSTS PER

SUBNET

1255.255.128.0 (/17) 232766

2255.255.192.0 (/18) 416382

3255.255.224.0 (/19) 88190

4255.255.240.0 (/20) 16 4094

5255.255.248.0 (/21) 32 2046

6255.255.252.0 (/22) 64 1022

7255.255.254.0 (/23) 128 510

8255.255.255.0 (/24) 256 254

9255.255.255.128 (/25) 512 126

10 255.255.255.192 (/26) 1024 62

11 255.255.255.224 (/27) 2048 30

12 255.255.255.240 (/28) 4096 14

13 255.255.255.248 (/29) 8192 6

Appendix G IP Addresses and Subnetting

ZyXEL NWA-1100 User’s Guide

180

Configuring IP Addresses

Where you obtain your network number depends on your particular situation. If the ISP or

your network administrator assigns you a block of registered IP addresses, follow their

instructions in selecting the IP addresses and the subnet mask.

If the ISP did not explicitly give you an IP network number, then most likely you have a single

user account and the ISP will assign you a dynamic IP address when the connection is

established. If this is the case, it is recommended that you select a network number from

192.168.0.0 to 192.168.255.0. The Internet Assigned Number Authority (IANA) reserved this

block of addresses specifically for private use; please do not use any other number unless you

are told otherwise. You must also enable Network Address Translation (NAT) on the ZyXEL

Device.

Once you have decided on the network number, pick an IP address for your ZyXEL Device

that is easy to remember (for instance, 192.168.1.1) but make sure that no other device on your

network is using that IP address.

The subnet mask specifies the network number portion of an IP address. Your ZyXEL Device

will compute the subnet mask automatically based on the IP address that you entered. You

don't need to change the subnet mask computed by the ZyXEL Device unless you are

instructed to do otherwise.

Private IP Addresses

Every machine on the Internet must have a unique address. If your networks are isolated from

the Internet (running only between two branch offices, for example) you can assign any IP

addresses to the hosts without problems. However, the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority

(IANA) has reserved the following three blocks of IP addresses specifically for private

networks:

• 10.0.0.0 — 10.255.255.255

• 172.16.0.0 — 172.31.255.255

• 192.168.0.0 — 192.168.255.255

You can obtain your IP address from the IANA, from an ISP, or it can be assigned from a

private network. If you belong to a small organization and your Internet access is through an

ISP, the ISP can provide you with the Internet addresses for your local networks. On the other

hand, if you are part of a much larger organization, you should consult your network

administrator for the appropriate IP addresses.

Regardless of your particular situation, do not create an arbitrary IP address; always follow the

guidelines above. For more information on address assignment, please refer to RFC 1597,

Address Allocation for Private Internets and RFC 1466, Guidelines for Management of IP

Address Space.

14 255.255.255.252 (/30) 16384 2

15 255.255.255.254 (/31) 32768 1

Table 67 16-bit Network Number Subnet Planning (continued)

NO. “BORROWED”

HOST BITS SUBNET MASK NO. SUBNETS NO. HOSTS PER

SUBNET

ZyXEL NWA-1100 User’s Guide 181

APPENDIX H

Text File Based Auto

Configuration

This chapter describes how administrators can use text configuration files to configure the

wireless LAN settings for multiple APs.

Text File Based Auto Configuration Overview

You can use plain text configuration files to configure the wireless LAN settings on multiple

APs. The AP can automatically get a configuration file from a TFTP server at startup or after

renewing DHCP client information.

Figure 103 Text File Based Auto Configuration

Use one of the following methods to give the AP the IP address of the TFTP server where you

store the configuration files and the name of the configuration file that it should download.

You can have a different configuration file for each AP. You can also have multiple APs use

the same configuration file.

Appendix H Text File Based Auto Configuration

ZyXEL NWA-1100 User’s Guide

182

"If adjacent APs use the same configuration file, you should leave out the

channel setting since they could interfere with each other’s wireless traffic.

Auto Configuration by DHCP

A DHCP response can use options 66 and 67 to assign a TFTP server IP address and a

filename. If the AP is configured as a DHCP client, these settings can be used to perform auto

configuration.

If this feature is enabled and the DHCP response provides a TFTP server IP address and a

filename, the AP will try to download the file from the specified TFTP server. The AP then

uses the file to configure wireless LAN settings.

"Not all DHCP servers allow you to specify options 66 and 67.

Configuration Via SNMP

You can configure and trigger the auto configuration remotely via SNMP.

Use the following procedure to have the AP download the configuration file.

Verifying Your Configuration File Upload Via SNMP

You can use SNMP management software to display the configuration file version currently

on the device by using the following MIB.

Table 68 Auto Configuration by DHCP

COMMAND DESCRIPTION

wcfg autocfg dhcp [enable |

disable]

Turn configuration of TFTP server IP address and

filename through DHCP on or off.

Table 69 Configuration via SNMP

STEPS MIB VARIABLE VALUE

Step 1 pwTftpServer Set the IP address of the TFTP server.

Step 2 pwTftpFileName Set the file name, for example, g3000hcfg.txt.

Step 3 pwTftpFileType Set to 3 (text configuration file).

Step 4 pwTftpOpCommand Set to 2 (download).

Table 70 Displaying the File Version

ITEM OBJECT ID DESCRIPTION

pwCfgVersion 1.3.6.1.4.1.890.1.9.1.2 This displays the current configuration file version.

Appendix H Text File Based Auto Configuration

ZyXEL NWA-1100 User’s Guide 183

Troubleshooting Via SNMP

If you have any difficulties with the configuration file upload, you can try using the following

MIB 10 to 20 seconds after using SNMP to have the AP download the configuration file.

Configuration File Format

The text based configuration file must use the following format.

Figure 104 Configuration File Format

The first line must be !#ZYXEL PROWLAN.

The second line must specify the file version. The AP compares the file version with the

version of the last configuration file that it downloaded. If the version of the downloaded file is

the same or smaller (older), the AP ignores the file. If the version of the downloaded file is

larger (newer), the AP uses the file.

Configuration File Rules

You can only use the wlan and wcfg commands in the configuration file. The AP ignores

other ZyNOS commands but continues to check the next command.

The AP ignores any improperly formatted commands and continues to check the next line.

If there are any errors while processing the configuration file, the AP generates a message with

the line number and reason for the first error (subsequent errors during the processing of an

individual configuration file are not recorded). You can use SNMP management software to

display the message by using the following MIB.

The commands will be executed line by line just like if you entered them in a console or Telnet

CI session. Be careful to ensure the integrity of the whole AP configuration. If there are

existing settings in the AP, the newly loaded configuration file will either coexist with the

previous settings or replace them.

Table 71 Displaying the File Version

ITEM OBJECT ID DESCRIPTION

pwTftpOpStatus 1.3.6.1.4.1.890.1.9.1.6 This displays the current operating status of the TFTP

client.

!#ZYXEL PROWLAN

!#VERSION 12

wcfg security 1 xxx

wcfg security save

wcfg ssid 1 xxx

wcfg ssid save

Table 72 Displaying the Auto Configuration Status

ITEM OBJECT ID DESCRIPTION

pwAutoCfgMessage 1.3.6.1.4.1.890.1.9.1.9 Auto configuration status message string

Appendix H Text File Based Auto Configuration

ZyXEL NWA-1100 User’s Guide

184

You can zip each configuration file. You must use the store compression method and a .zip file

extension. When zipping a configuration file, you can also add password protection using the

same password that you use to log into the AP.

Wcfg Command Configuration File Examples

These example configuration files use the wcfg command to configure security and SSID

profiles.

Figure 105 WEP Configuration File Example

Figure 106 802.1X Configuration File Example

!#ZYXEL PROWLAN

!#VERSION 11

wcfg security 1 name Test-wep

wcfg security 1 security wep

wcfg security 1 wep keysize 64 ascii

wcfg security 1 wep key1 abcde

wcfg security 1 wep key2 bcdef

wcfg security 1 wep key3 cdefg

wcfg security 1 wep key4 defgh

wcfg security 1 wep keyindex 1

wcfg security save

wcfg ssid 1 name ssid-wep

wcfg ssid 1 security Test-wep

wcfg ssid 1 l2iolation disable

wcfg ssid 1 macfilter disable

wcfg ssid save

!#ZYXEL PROWLAN

!#VERSION 12

wcfg security 2 name Test-8021x

wcfg security 2 mode 8021x-static128

wcfg security 2 wep key1 abcdefghijklm

wcfg security 2 wep key2 bcdefghijklmn

wcfg security 2 wep keyindex 1

wcfg security 2 reauthtime 1800

wcfg security 2 idletime 3600

wcfg security save

wcfg radius 2 name radius-rd

wcfg radius 2 primary 172.23.3.4 1812 1234 enable

wcfg radius 2 backup 172.23.3.5 1812 1234 enable

wcfg radius save

wcfg ssid 2 name ssid-8021x

wcfg ssid 2 security Test-8021x

wcfg ssid 2 radius radius-rd

wcfg ssid 2 qos 4

wcfg ssid 2 l2isolation disable

wcfg ssid 2 macfilter disable

wcfg ssid save

Appendix H Text File Based Auto Configuration

ZyXEL NWA-1100 User’s Guide 185

Figure 107 WPA-PSK Configuration File Example

Figure 108 WPA Configuration File Example

Wlan Command Configuration File Example

This example configuration file uses the wlan command to configure the AP to use the

security and SSID profiles from the wcfg command configuration file examples and general

wireless settings. You could actually combine all of this chapter’s example configuration files

into a single configuration file. Remember that the commands are applied in order. So for

example, you would place the commands that create security and SSID profiles before the

commands that tell the AP to use those profiles.

Figure 109 Wlan Configuration File Example

!#ZYXEL PROWLAN

!#VERSION 13

wcfg security 3 name Test-wpapsk

wcfg security 3 mode wpapsk

wcfg security 3 passphrase qwertyuiop

wcfg security 3 reauthtime 1800

wcfg security 3 idletime 3600

wcfg security 3 groupkeytime 1800

wcfg security save

wcfg ssid 3 name ssid-wpapsk

wcfg ssid 3 security Test-wpapsk

wcfg ssid 3 qos 4

wcfg ssid 3 l2siolation disable

wcfg ssid 3 macfilter disable

wcfg ssid save

!#ZYXEL PROWLAN

!#VERSION 14

wcfg security 4 name Test-wpa

wcfg security 4 mode wpa

wcfg security 4 reauthtime 1800

wcfg security 4 idletime 3600

wcfg security 4 groupkeytime 1800

wcfg security save

wcfg radius 4 name radius-rd1

wcfg radius 4 primary 172.0.20.38 1812 20 enable

wcfg radius 4 backup 172.0.20.39 1812 20 enable

wcfg radius save

wcfg ssid 4 name ssid-wpa

wcfg ssid 4 security Test-wpa

wcfg ssid 4 qos 4

wcfg ssid 4 l2isolation disable

wcfg ssid 4 macfilter disable

wcfg ssid save

Appendix H Text File Based Auto Configuration

ZyXEL NWA-1100 User’s Guide

186

!#ZYXEL PROWLAN

!#VERSION 15

wcfg ssid 1 name ssid-wep

wcfg ssid 1 security Test-wep

wcfg ssid 2 name ssid-8021x

wcfg ssid 2 security Test-8021x

wcfg ssid 2 radius radius-rd

wcfg ssid 3 name ssid-wpapsk

wcfg ssid 3 security Test-wpapsk

wcfg ssid 4 name ssid-wpa2psk

wcfg ssid 4 security Test-wpa2psk

wcfg ssid save

!line starting with '!' is comment

!change to channel 8

wlan chid 8

!change operating mode -> AP mode,

!then select ssid-wep as running WLAN profile

wlan opmode 0

wlan ssidprofile ssid-wep

!change operating mode -> MBSSID mode,

!then select ssid-wpapsk, ssid-wpa2psk as running WLAN profiles

wlan opmode 3

wlan ssidprofile ssid-wpapsk ssid-wpa2psk

! set output power level to 50%

wlan output power 2

ZyXEL NWA-1100 User’s Guide 187

APPENDIX I

How to Access and Use the CLI

This chapter introduces the command line interface (CLI).

Accessing the CLI

Use Telnet to access the CLI.

1Connect your computer to one of the Ethernet ports.

2Open a Telnet session to the ZyXEL Device’s IP address. If this is your first login, use

the default values.

Make sure your computer IP address is in the same subnet, unless you are accessing the

ZyXEL Device through one or more routers. In the latter case, make sure remote

management of the ZyXEL Device is allowed via Telnet.

Logging in

Use the administrator username and password. If this is your first login, use the default values.

in some ZyXEL Device models you may not need to enter the user name.

The ZyXEL Device automatically logs you out of the management interface after five minutes

of inactivity. If this happens, simply log back in again. Use the sys stdio set command

to extend the idle timeout. For example, the ZyXEL Device automatically logs you out of the

management interface after 60 minutes of inactivity after you use the sys stdio set 60

command. Use the sys stdio show command to display the current idle timeout setting.

Table 73 Default Management IP Address

SETTING DEFAULT VALUE

IP Address 192.168.1.1

Subnet Mask 255.255.255.0

Table 74 Default User Name and Password

SETTING DEFAULT VALUE

User Name admin

Password 1234

Appendix I How to Access and Use the CLI

ZyXEL NWA-1100 User’s Guide

188

Command Conventions

Command descriptions follow these conventions:

• Commands are in courier new font.

• Required input values are in angle brackets <>; for example, ping <ip-address>

means that you must specify an IP address for this command.

• Optional fields are in square brackets []; for instance in the show logins

[name]command, the name field is optional.

The following is an example of a required field within an optional field: snmp-server

[contact <system contact>], the contact field is optional. However, if you

use contact, then you must provide the system contact information.

•The | (bar) symbol means “or”.

•italic terms represent user-defined input values; for example, in sys datetime

date [year month date], year month date can be replaced by the actual

year month and date that you want to set, for example, 2007 08 15.

• A key stroke is denoted by square brackets and uppercase text, for example, [ENTER]

means the “Enter” or “Return” key on your keyboard.

•<cr> means press the [ENTER] key.

• An arrow (-->) indicates that this line is a continuation of the previous line.

A long list of pre-defined values may be replaced by a command input value ‘variable’ so as to

avoid a very long command in the description table. Refer to the command input values table

if you are unsure of what to enter.

"Commands are case sensitive! Enter commands exactly as seen in the

command interface. Remember to also include underscores if required.

Table 75 Common Command Input Values

LABEL DESCRIPTION

description Used when a command has a description field in order to add more detail.

ip-address An IP address in dotted decimal notation. For example, 192.168.1.3.

mask The subnet mask in dotted decimal notation, for example, 255.255.255.0.

mask-bits The number of bits in an address’s subnet mask. For example type /24 for a

subnet mask of 255.255.255.0.

port A port number.

hostname The hostname can be an IP address or domain name.

name Used for the name of a rule, policy, set, group and so on.

number Used for a number, for example 10, that you have to enter.

Appendix I How to Access and Use the CLI

ZyXEL NWA-1100 User’s Guide 189

Copy and Paste Commands

You can copy and paste commands directly from this document into your terminal emulation

console window (such as HyperTerminal). Use right-click (not [CTRL]-[V]) to paste your

command into the console window as shown next.

Using Shortcuts and Getting Help

This table identifies some shortcuts in the CLI, as well as how to get help.

1Use of undocumented commands or misconfiguration can damage the unit

and possibly render it unusable.

Use the help command to view the executable commands on the ZyXEL Device. Follow

these steps to create a list of supported commands:

1Log into the CLI.

2Type help and press [ENTER]. A list comes up which shows all the commands

available for this device.

Table 76 CLI Shortcuts and Help

COMMAND / KEY(S) DESCRIPTION

yz (up/down arrow keys) Scrolls through the list of recently-used commands. You can edit

any command or press [ENTER] to run it again.

?Displays the keywords and/or input values that are allowed in

place of the ?.

help Displays the (full) commands that are allowed in place of help.

ras> help

alarm chsh config

exit ip statistics switch

sys voip

ras>

Appendix I How to Access and Use the CLI

ZyXEL NWA-1100 User’s Guide

190

Saving Your Configuration

In the ZyXEL Device some commands are saved as you run them and others require you to

run a save command. See the related section of this guide to see if a save command is required.

"Unsaved configuration changes are lost once you restart the ZyXEL Device

Logging Out

Use the exit command to log out of the CLI.

ZyXEL NWA-1100 User’s Guide 191

APPENDIX J

Legal Information

The contents of this publication may not be reproduced in any part or as a whole, transcribed,

stored in a retrieval system, translated into any language, or transmitted in any form or by any

means, electronic, mechanical, magnetic, optical, chemical, photocopying, manual, or

otherwise, without the prior written permission of ZyXEL Communications Corporation.

Disclaimer

ZyXEL does not assume any liability arising out of the application or use of any products, or

software described herein. Neither does it convey any license under its patent rights nor the

patent rights of others. ZyXEL further reserves the right to make changes in any products

described herein without notice. This publication is subject to change without notice.

Trademarks

ZyNOS (ZyXEL Network Operating System) is a registered trademark of ZyXEL

Communications, Inc. Other trademarks mentioned in this publication are used for

identification purposes only and may be properties of their respective owners.

Certifications

Federal Communications Commission (FCC) Interference Statement

The device complies with Part 15 of FCC rules. Operation is subject to the following two

conditions:

• This device may not cause harmful interference.

• This device must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause

undesired operations.

This device has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device

pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable

protection against harmful interference in a residential installation. This device generates,

uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy, and if not installed and used in accordance with

the instructions, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. However, there is

no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation.

Appendix J Legal Information

ZyXEL NWA-1100 User’s Guide

192

If this device does cause harmful interference to radio/television reception, which can be

determined by turning the device off and on, the user is encouraged to try to correct the

interference by one or more of the following measures:

1Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna.

2Increase the separation between the equipment and the receiver.

3Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the

receiver is connected.

4Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for help.

FCC Radiation Exposure Statement

• This transmitter must not be co-located or operating in conjunction with any other antenna

or transmitter.

• IEEE 802.11b or 802.11g operation of this product in the U.S.A. is firmware-limited to

channels 1 through 11.

• To comply with FCC RF exposure compliance requirements, a separation distance of at

least 20 cm must be maintained between the antenna of this device and all persons.

注意 !

依據低功率電波輻射性電機管理辦法

第十二條經型式認證合格之低功率射頻電機，非經許可，公司、商號或使用

者均不得擅自變更頻率、加大功率或變更原設計之特性及功能。

第十四條低功率射頻電機之使用不得影響飛航安全及干擾合法通信；經發現

有干擾現象時，應立即停用，並改善至無干擾時方得繼續使用。

前項合法通信，指依電信規定作業之無線電信。低功率射頻電機須忍

受合法通信或工業、科學及醫療用電波輻射性電機設備之干擾。

本機限在不干擾合法電臺與不受被干擾保障條件下於室內使用。

Notices

Changes or modifications not expressly approved by the party responsible for compliance

could void the user's authority to operate the equipment.

This device has been designed for the WLAN 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz networks throughout the EC

region and Switzerland, with restrictions in France.

This Class B digital apparatus complies with Canadian ICES-003.

Cet appareil numérique de la classe B est conforme à la norme NMB-003 du Canada.

Viewing Certifications

1Go to http://www.zyxel.com.

2Select your product on the ZyXEL home page to go to that product's page.

Appendix J Legal Information

ZyXEL NWA-1100 User’s Guide 193

3Select the certification you wish to view from this page.

ZyXEL Limited Warranty

ZyXEL warrants to the original end user (purchaser) that this product is free from any defects

in materials or workmanship for a period of up to two years from the date of purchase. During

the warranty period, and upon proof of purchase, should the product have indications of failure

due to faulty workmanship and/or materials, ZyXEL will, at its discretion, repair or replace the

defective products or components without charge for either parts or labor, and to whatever

extent it shall deem necessary to restore the product or components to proper operating

condition. Any replacement will consist of a new or re-manufactured functionally equivalent

product of equal or higher value, and will be solely at the discretion of ZyXEL. This warranty

shall not apply if the product has been modified, misused, tampered with, damaged by an act

of God, or subjected to abnormal working conditions.

Note

Repair or replacement, as provided under this warranty, is the exclusive remedy of the

purchaser. This warranty is in lieu of all other warranties, express or implied, including any

implied warranty of merchantability or fitness for a particular use or purpose. ZyXEL shall in

no event be held liable for indirect or consequential damages of any kind to the purchaser.

To obtain the services of this warranty, contact ZyXEL's Service Center for your Return

Material Authorization number (RMA). Products must be returned Postage Prepaid. It is

recommended that the unit be insured when shipped. Any returned products without proof of

purchase or those with an out-dated warranty will be repaired or replaced (at the discretion of

ZyXEL) and the customer will be billed for parts and labor. All repaired or replaced products

will be shipped by ZyXEL to the corresponding return address, Postage Paid. This warranty

gives you specific legal rights, and you may also have other rights that vary from country to

country.

Registration

at www.zyxel.com for global products, or at www.us.zyxel.com for North American products.

Appendix J Legal Information

ZyXEL NWA-1100 User’s Guide

194

ZyXEL NWA-1100 User’s Guide 195

APPENDIX K

Customer Support

In the event of problems that cannot be solved by using this manual, you should contact your

vendor. If you cannot contact your vendor, then contact a ZyXEL office for the region in

which you bought the device. Regional offices are listed below (see also http://

www.zyxel.com/web/contact_us.php). Please have the following information ready when you

contact an office.

Required Information

• Product model and serial number.

• Warranty Information.

• Date that you received your device.

• Brief description of the problem and the steps you took to solve it.

“+” is the (prefix) number you dial to make an international telephone call.

Corporate Headquarters (Worldwide)

• Support E-mail: support@zyxel.com.tw

• Sales E-mail: sales@zyxel.com.tw

• Telephone: +886-3-578-3942

• Fax: +886-3-578-2439

• Web: www.zyxel.com

• Regular Mail: ZyXEL Communications Corp., 6 Innovation Road II, Science Park,

Hsinchu 300, Taiwan

China - ZyXEL Communications (Beijing) Corp.

• Support E-mail: cso.zycn@zyxel.cn

• Sales E-mail: sales@zyxel.cn

• Telephone: +86-010-82800646

• Fax: +86-010-82800587

• Address: 902, Unit B, Horizon Building, No.6, Zhichun Str, Haidian District, Beijing

• Web: http://www.zyxel.cn

China - ZyXEL Communications (Shanghai) Corp.

• Support E-mail: cso.zycn@zyxel.cn

• Sales E-mail: sales@zyxel.cn

• Telephone: +86-021-61199055

• Fax: +86-021-52069033

Appendix K Customer Support

ZyXEL NWA-1100 User’s Guide

196

• Address: 1005F, ShengGao International Tower, No.137 XianXia Rd., Shanghai

• Web: http://www.zyxel.cn

Costa Rica

• Support E-mail: soporte@zyxel.co.cr

• Sales E-mail: sales@zyxel.co.cr

• Telephone: +506-2017878

• Fax: +506-2015098

• Web: www.zyxel.co.cr

• Regular Mail: ZyXEL Costa Rica, Plaza Roble Escazú, Etapa El Patio, Tercer Piso, San

José, Costa Rica

Czech Republic

• E-mail: info@cz.zyxel.com

• Telephone: +420-241-091-350

• Fax: +420-241-091-359

• Web: www.zyxel.cz

• Regular Mail: ZyXEL Communications, Czech s.r.o., Modranská 621, 143 01 Praha 4 -

Modrany, Ceská Republika

Denmark

• Support E-mail: support@zyxel.dk

• Sales E-mail: sales@zyxel.dk

• Telephone: +45-39-55-07-00

• Fax: +45-39-55-07-07

• Web: www.zyxel.dk

• Regular Mail: ZyXEL Communications A/S, Columbusvej, 2860 Soeborg, Denmark

Finland

• Support E-mail: support@zyxel.fi

• Sales E-mail: sales@zyxel.fi

• Telephone: +358-9-4780-8411

• Fax: +358-9-4780-8448

• Web: www.zyxel.fi

• Regular Mail: ZyXEL Communications Oy, Malminkaari 10, 00700 Helsinki, Finland

France

• E-mail: info@zyxel.fr

• Telephone: +33-4-72-52-97-97

• Fax: +33-4-72-52-19-20

• Web: www.zyxel.fr

• Regular Mail: ZyXEL France, 1 rue des Vergers, Bat. 1 / C, 69760 Limonest, France

Appendix K Customer Support

ZyXEL NWA-1100 User’s Guide 197

Germany

• Support E-mail: support@zyxel.de

• Sales E-mail: sales@zyxel.de

• Telephone: +49-2405-6909-69

• Fax: +49-2405-6909-99

• Web: www.zyxel.de

• Regular Mail: ZyXEL Deutschland GmbH., Adenauerstr. 20/A2 D-52146, Wuerselen,

Germany

Hungary

• Support E-mail: support@zyxel.hu

• Sales E-mail: info@zyxel.hu

• Telephone: +36-1-3361649

• Fax: +36-1-3259100

• Web: www.zyxel.hu

• Regular Mail: ZyXEL Hungary, 48, Zoldlomb Str., H-1025, Budapest, Hungary

India

• Support E-mail: support@zyxel.in

• Sales E-mail: sales@zyxel.in

• Telephone: +91-11-30888144 to +91-11-30888153

• Fax: +91-11-30888149, +91-11-26810715

• Web: http://www.zyxel.in

• Regular Mail: India - ZyXEL Technology India Pvt Ltd., II-Floor, F2/9 Okhla Phase -1,

New Delhi 110020, India

Japan

• Support E-mail: support@zyxel.co.jp

• Sales E-mail: zyp@zyxel.co.jp

• Telephone: +81-3-6847-3700

• Fax: +81-3-6847-3705

• Web: www.zyxel.co.jp

• Regular Mail: ZyXEL Japan, 3F, Office T&U, 1-10-10 Higashi-Gotanda, Shinagawa-ku,

Tokyo 141-0022, Japan

Kazakhstan

• Support: http://zyxel.kz/support

• Sales E-mail: sales@zyxel.kz

• Telephone: +7-3272-590-698

• Fax: +7-3272-590-689

• Web: www.zyxel.kz

• Regular Mail: ZyXEL Kazakhstan, 43 Dostyk Ave., Office 414, Dostyk Business Centre,

050010 Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan

Appendix K Customer Support

ZyXEL NWA-1100 User’s Guide

198

Malaysia

• Support E-mail: support@zyxel.com.my

• Sales E-mail: sales@zyxel.com.my

• Telephone: +603-8076-9933

• Fax: +603-8076-9833

• Web: http://www.zyxel.com.my

• Regular Mail: ZyXEL Malaysia Sdn Bhd., 1-02 & 1-03, Jalan Kenari 17F, Bandar

Puchong Jaya, 47100 Puchong, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia

North America

• Support E-mail: support@zyxel.com

• Support Telephone: +1-800-978-7222

• Sales E-mail: sales@zyxel.com

• Sales Telephone: +1-714-632-0882

• Fax: +1-714-632-0858

• Web: www.zyxel.com

• Regular Mail: ZyXEL Communications Inc., 1130 N. Miller St., Anaheim, CA 92806-

2001, U.S.A.

Norway

• Support E-mail: support@zyxel.no

• Sales E-mail: sales@zyxel.no

• Telephone: +47-22-80-61-80

• Fax: +47-22-80-61-81

• Web: www.zyxel.no

• Regular Mail: ZyXEL Communications A/S, Nils Hansens vei 13, 0667 Oslo, Norway

Poland

• E-mail: info@pl.zyxel.com

• Telephone: +48-22-333 8250

• Fax: +48-22-333 8251

• Web: www.pl.zyxel.com

• Regular Mail: ZyXEL Communications, ul. Okrzei 1A, 03-715 Warszawa, Poland

Russia

• Support: http://zyxel.ru/support

• Sales E-mail: sales@zyxel.ru

• Telephone: +7-095-542-89-29

• Fax: +7-095-542-89-25

• Web: www.zyxel.ru

• Regular Mail: ZyXEL Russia, Ostrovityanova 37a Str., Moscow 117279, Russia

Appendix K Customer Support

ZyXEL NWA-1100 User’s Guide 199

Singapore

• Support E-mail: support@zyxel.com.sg

• Sales E-mail: sales@zyxel.com.sg

• Telephone: +65-6899-6678

• Fax: +65-6899-8887

• Web: http://www.zyxel.com.sg

• Regular Mail: ZyXEL Singapore Pte Ltd., No. 2 International Business Park, The Strategy

#03-28, Singapore 609930

Spain

• Support E-mail: support@zyxel.es

• Sales E-mail: sales@zyxel.es

• Telephone: +34-902-195-420

• Fax: +34-913-005-345

• Web: www.zyxel.es

• Regular Mail: ZyXEL Communications, Arte, 21 5ª planta, 28033 Madrid, Spain

Sweden

• Support E-mail: support@zyxel.se

• Sales E-mail: sales@zyxel.se

• Telephone: +46-31-744-7700

• Fax: +46-31-744-7701

• Web: www.zyxel.se

• Regular Mail: ZyXEL Communications A/S, Sjöporten 4, 41764 Göteborg, Sweden

Taiwan

• Support E-mail: support@zyxel.com.tw

• Sales E-mail: sales@zyxel.com.tw

• Telephone: +886-2-27399889

• Fax: +886-2-27353220

• Web: http://www.zyxel.com.tw

• Address: Room B, 21F., No.333, Sec. 2, Dunhua S. Rd., Da-an District, Taipei

Thailand

• Support E-mail: support@zyxel.co.th

• Sales E-mail: sales@zyxel.co.th

• Telephone: +662-831-5315

• Fax: +662-831-5395

• Web: http://www.zyxel.co.th

• Regular Mail: ZyXEL Thailand Co., Ltd., 1/1 Moo 2, Ratchaphruk Road, Bangrak-Noi,

Muang, Nonthaburi 11000, Thailand.

Appendix K Customer Support

ZyXEL NWA-1100 User’s Guide

200

Turkey

• Support E-mail: cso@zyxel.com.tr

• Telephone: +90 212 222 55 22

• Fax: +90-212-220-2526

• Web: http:www.zyxel.com.tr

• Address: Kaptanpasa Mahallesi Piyalepasa Bulvari Ortadogu Plaza N:14/13 K:6

Okmeydani/Sisli Istanbul/Turkey

Ukraine

• Support E-mail: support@ua.zyxel.com

• Sales E-mail: sales@ua.zyxel.com

• Telephone: +380-44-247-69-78

• Fax: +380-44-494-49-32

• Web: www.ua.zyxel.com

• Regular Mail: ZyXEL Ukraine, 13, Pimonenko Str., Kiev 04050, Ukraine

United Kingdom

• Support E-mail: support@zyxel.co.uk

• Sales E-mail: sales@zyxel.co.uk

• Telephone: +44-1344-303044, 0845 122 0301 (UK only)

• Fax: +44-1344-303034

• Web: www.zyxel.co.uk

• Regular Mail: ZyXEL Communications UK Ltd., 11 The Courtyard, Eastern Road,

Bracknell, Berkshire RG12 2XB, United Kingdom (UK)

Index

ZyXEL NWA-1100 User’s Guide 201

Index

Numbers

802.1x-Only 76

802.1x-Static128 76

802.1x-Static64 76

Access Point 25, 45

Accounting Server 91

Ad-hoc 153

Advanced Encryption Standard

See AES.

AES 162

Alerts 116

Alternative subnet mask notation 175

Antenna 73, 135

directional 166

gain 166

omni-directional 166

positioning 165

AP (Access Point) 155

AP + Bridge 29

Applications

Access Point 25

AP + Bridge 29

Bridge 27

Wireless Client 26

Auto Configuration 181

Auto Configuration Status 183

Basic Service Set 62

see BSS

beacon 62

Beacon Interval 64

BPDU 72

Bridge 27

Bridge loops 28

bridged APs, security 27

BSS 62, 153

CA 160

Certificate

authentication 111

file format 111

Certificate Authority

See CA.

Certificate Screen 111

certificate-based authentications 161

Certificates

Fingerprint 113

MD5 113

public key 111

SHA1 113

Certification Authority 113

Certifications 191

notices 192

viewing 192

Channel 62, 69, 155

interference 155

CLI 30

accessing the CLI 187

Client authentication 160

Command Line Interface 30

Configuration File

examples 184

format 183

Configuration File Rules 183

Contact information 195

Controlling network access, Ways of 25

CTS (Clear to Send) 156

Customer support 195

Date and time start 58

DHCP 55

digital certificate 160

Dimensions 135

Disclaimer 191

Distribution System 62

DNS 53

Index

ZyXEL NWA-1100 User’s Guide

202

Domain Name Server (DNS) 53

DS 62

DTIM Interval 64

Dynamic WEP key exchange 161

EAP 77

EAP authentication 159

Enable Antenna Diversity 67, 70

Enable Spanning Tree Control (STP) 67

Enable Spanning Tree Protocol(STP) 70

Encryption 77, 79, 81, 84, 161, 162

ESS 62, 154

Ethernet device 93

Ethernet Port 135

Extended Service Set 62

see ESS

Extensible Authentication Protocol 77

Factory Defaults 126

restoring 36

FCC interference statement 191

File Version 182

Firmware 121

Firmware, uploading via web configurator 123

Fragmentation 65, 67, 69

Fragmentation threshold 73, 157

FTP 103

restrictions 103

Generic Token Card 77

GTC 77

handshake 156

Hardware Connections 32

help (in the CLI) 189

Hidden node 155

Hide SSID 64

Humidity 135

IANA 99, 180

IBSS 153

IEEE 802.11g 157

IEEE 802.1x 63

Import Certificate 112

Independent Basic Service Set

see IBSS

Infrastructure WLAN 154

Initialization vector (IV) 162

interference due to overlap 155

Internet Assigned Numbers Authority 99

See IANA

Intra-BSS Traffic 64

IP Address 54, 97, 135

Arbitrary IP address 54

Gateway IP address 97

IANA 54

ISP 54

Private IP Address Ranges 54

Subnet Mask 54

IP Screen 97

DHCP 98

IPSec VPN capability 135

ISP 99

jitter 71

key 77, 79

latency 71

LEAP 77

LEDs 32, 129

Index

ZyXEL NWA-1100 User’s Guide 203

Blinking 33

ETHERNET 33

Flashing 32

Off 32

On 32

SYS 32

WLAN 32

legacy authentication methods 160

Lightweight Extensible Authentication Protocol 77

Log Commands 119

Log Messages 119

Log Screens 115

Logs

accessing logs 115

Command List 120

displaying logs 120

receiving logs via e-mail 116

Logs Screen

Mail Server 117

Mail Subject 117

Send Log to 117

Syslog 118

Logs, Uses of 115

loss of messages 156

MAC Address Clone 67

MAC Filter

Allow Association 93

Deny Association 93

MAC Filter Screen 93

MAC filtering 136

Maintenance 121

Association List 121

Backup 125

Channel Usage 122

Configuration 124

F/W Upload 123

Restart 127

Restore 125

Management Information Base (MIB) 108

Media Access Control 93

Message Integrity Check (MIC) 162

message relay 90

Microsoft Challenge Handshake Authentication

Protocol Version 2 77

MSCHAPv2 77

MSDU 65

NAT 180

Network Time Protocol (NTP) 53

NTP 53

Operating Mode 62

Output Power Management 65, 67, 69

Pairwise Master Key (PMK) 162, 164

Passphrase 77

Password 130, 135

PEAP 77

Personal Information Exchange Syntax

Standard 111

PFX PKCS#12 111

PoE 137

Power specifications 135, 137

Preamble 73

Preamble mode 157

Preamble Type 65, 67, 69

Pre-Shared Key 77

Private-Public Certificates 113

Product registration 193

Protected Extensible Authentication Protocol 77

PSK 77, 162

QoS 71

Quality of Service 71

Radio Enable 65, 67, 69

Radio Frequency 73

RADIUS 89, 159

Accounting 90

Index

ZyXEL NWA-1100 User’s Guide

204

Authentication 89

Authorization 89

message types 159

messages 159

shared secret key 159

RADIUS Screen 89

Accounting Server 91

Accounting Server IP Address 91

Accounting Server Port 91

Backup 90

Primary 90

Server IP Address 90

Server Port 91

Share Secret 91

RADIUS server 76

Rates Configuration 65, 67, 69

registration

product 193

ZyXEL Communications NWA1100 Access Point User Manual NWA1100 UG v 1 00 Ed 1 July 2008

ZyXEL Communications Corporation Access Point NWA1100 UG v 1 00 Ed 1 July 2008

Contents

Installation guide III

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