Cambium Networks XN4 Wireless LAN Array User Manual xirrus PDF

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Wi-Fi Array

The Command Line Interface 331

filter

The filter command [Xirrus_Wi-Fi_Array(config-filter)#] is used to manage

protocol filters and filter lists.

Command Description

add Add a filter.

FORMAT:

filter add [name]

add-list Add a filter list.

FORMAT:

filter add-list [name]

del Delete a filter.

FORMAT:

filter del [name]

del-list Delete a filter list.

FORMAT:

filter del-list [name]

edit Edit a filter.

FORMAT:

filter edit [name type]

edit-list Edit a filter list

FORMAT:

filter edit-list [name type]

enable Enable a filter list.

FORMAT:

filter enable

move Change a filter priority.

FORMAT:

filter move [name priority]

Wi-Fi Array

332 The Command Line Interface

off Disable a filter list.

FORMAT:

filter off

on Enable a filter list.

FORMAT:

filter on

reset Delete all protocol filters and filter lists.

FORMAT:

filter reset

Command Description

Wi-Fi Array

The Command Line Interface 333

fips

The fips command [Xirrus_Wi-Fi_Array(config)# fips] is used to set the

parameter values required for FIPS 140-2, Level 2 security. For more information,

see Appendix E: Implementing FIPS Security.

Command Description

disable Reverts FIPS settings to the values they had before

performing a fips on command.

FORMAT:

fips disable

enable Set FIPS security on the Array. Remembers the

values of parameters prior to setting them.

FORMAT:

fips enable

off Reverts FIPS settings to the values they had before

performing a fips on command.

FORMAT:

fips off

on Set FIPS security on the Array. Remembers the

values of parameters prior to setting them.

FORMAT:

fips on

Wi-Fi Array

334 The Command Line Interface

group

The group command [Xirrus_Wi-Fi_Array(config)# group] is used to create and

configure user groups. User groups allow administrators to assign specific

network parameters to users through RADIUS privileges rather than having to

map users to a specific SSID. Groups provide flexible control over user privileges

without the need to create large numbers of SSIDs. For more information, see

“Groups” on page 247.

hostname

The hostname command [Xirrus_Wi-Fi_Array(config)# hostname] is used to

change the hostname used by the Array.

Command Description

add Create a new user group.

FORMAT:

group add [group-name]

del Delete a user group.

FORMAT:

group del [group-name]

edit Set parameters values for a group.

FORMAT:

group edit [group-name]

reset Reset the group.

FORMAT:

group reset

Command Description

hostname Change the hostname of the Array.

FORMAT:

hostname [name]

Wi-Fi Array

The Command Line Interface 335

https

The https command [Xirrus_Wi-Fi_Array(config)# https] is used to enable or

disable the Web Management Interface (https), which is enabled by default. It also

allows you to establish a timeout for your Web management session.

Command Description

disable Disable the https feature.

FORMAT:

https disable

enable Enable the https feature.

FORMAT:

https enable

off Disable the https feature.

FORMAT:

https off

on Enable the https feature.

FORMAT:

https on

timeout Define an elapsed period (in seconds) after which

the Web Management Interface will time out.

FORMAT:

https timeout 5000

Wi-Fi Array

336 The Command Line Interface

interface

The interface command [Xirrus_Wi-Fi_Array(config)# interface] is used to select

the interface that you want to configure. To see a listing of the commands that are

available for each interface, use the ? command at the selected interface prompt.

For example, using the ? command at the Xirrus_Wi-Fi_Array(config-gig1}#

prompt displays a listing of all commands for the gig1 interface.

Command Description

console Select the console interface. The console interface

is used for management purposes only.

FORMAT:

interface console

eth0 Select the Fast Ethernet interface. The Fast

Ethernet interface is used for management

purposes only.

FORMAT:

interface eth0

Note: To configure a static route for management

traffic, next enter:

static-route addr [ip-addr]

static-route mask [subnet-mask]

gig1 Select the Gigabit 1 interface.

FORMAT:

interface gig1

gig2 Select the Gigabit 2 interface.

FORMAT:

interface gig2

iap Select an IAP.

FORMAT:

interface iap

Wi-Fi Array

The Command Line Interface 337

license

The license command [Xirrus_Wi-Fi_Array(config)# license] is used to set the

license key for the Array. A valid license is required for Array operation, and it

controls the features available on the Array.

load

The load command [Xirrus_Wi-Fi_Array(config)# load] loads a configuration

file.

Command Description

<cr> Set the license for the Array.

FORMAT:

license <license-key>

When you enter the new key obtained from

Xirrus, simply hit the Enter key <cr> to apply it.

Command Description

factory.conf Load the factory settings configuration file.

FORMAT:

load [factory.conf]

lastboot.conf Load the configuration file from the last boot-up.

FORMAT:

load [lastboot.conf]

[myfile].conf If you have saved a configuration, enter its name

to load it.

FORMAT:

load [myfile.conf]

saved.conf Load the configuration file with the last saved

settings.

FORMAT:

load [saved.conf]

Wi-Fi Array

338 The Command Line Interface

location

The location command [Xirrus_Wi-Fi_Array(config)# location] is used to set the

location for the Array.

management

The management command [Xirrus_Wi-Fi_Array(config)# management] enters

management mode, where you may configure console management parameters.

The more command [Xirrus_Wi-Fi_Array(config)# more] is used to turn terminal

pagination ON or OFF.

Command Description

<cr> Set the location for the Array.

FORMAT:

location [newlocation]

Command Description

<cr> Enter management mode.

FORMAT:

management <cr>

Command Description

off Turn OFF terminal pagination.

FORMAT:

more off

on Turn ON terminal pagination.

FORMAT:

See Also

Reinstalling the Access Panel

Removing the Access Panel

Replacing the FLASH Memory Module

Replacing the Integrated Access Point Radio Module

Replacing the Main System Memory

Replacing the Power Supply Module

Wi-Fi Array

Appendix A: Servicing the Wi-Fi Array 373

Removing the Access Panel

Use this procedure when you want to remove the system’s access panel. You must

remove this panel whenever you need to service the internal components of the

Array.

1. Turn OFF the Array’s main power switch (XS-3900 and XS-3700 only).

2. Disconnect the AC power cord or Ethernet cable supplying power from

the Array.

3. Place the Array face-down on a flat surface. Avoid moving the unit to

reduce the risk of damage (scratching) to the finished enclosure.

4. Remove the screws (3 places) that secure the access panel to the main

body of the Array.

Figure 175. Removing the Access Panel Screws

Screw

Wi-Fi Array

374 Appendix A: Servicing the Wi-Fi Array

5. Lift up the access panel to reveal the main system board.

Figure 176. Removing the Access Panel

6. Disconnect the connectors to the power supply and the fan.

Figure 177. Disconnecting the Power Supply and Fan

7. The access panel can now be safely removed.

Lift up the access panel

Power supply connectorFan connector

Wi-Fi Array

Appendix A: Servicing the Wi-Fi Array 375

See Also

Reinstalling the Access Panel

Replacing the FLASH Memory Module

Replacing the Integrated Access Point Radio Module

Replacing the Main System Memory

Replacing the Power Supply Module

Appendix A: Servicing the Wi-Fi Array

Wi-Fi Array

376 Appendix A: Servicing the Wi-Fi Array

Reinstalling the Access Panel

Use this procedure when you need to reinstall the access panel after servicing the

Array’s internal components.

1. Reconnect the fan and power supply.

Figure 178. Reconnecting the Fan and Power Supply

2. Reinstall the access panel and secure the panel with the three screws.

Figure 179. Reinstalling the Access Panel

Power supply connectorFan connector

Screw

!Do not

overtighten

Screw

!Do not

overtighten

Screw

!Do not

overtighten

Wi-Fi Array

Appendix A: Servicing the Wi-Fi Array 377

3. Reconnect the power source and turn ON the main power switch (if

applicable).

See Also

Removing the Access Panel

Replacing the FLASH Memory Module

Replacing the Integrated Access Point Radio Module

Replacing the Main System Memory

Replacing the Power Supply Module

Appendix A: Servicing the Wi-Fi Array

Wi-Fi Array

378 Appendix A: Servicing the Wi-Fi Array

Replacing the FLASH Memory Module

Use this procedure when you want to replace the system’s FLASH memory

module.

1. Remove the system’s access panel. Refer to “Removing the Access Panel”

on page 373.

2. Remove the FLASH memory module, taking care not to “wiggle” the

module and risk damaging the connection points.

Figure 180. Removing the FLASH Memory Module

3. The removal procedure is complete. You can now reinstall the FLASH

memory module (or install a new module).

FLASH memory module

Wi-Fi Array

Appendix A: Servicing the Wi-Fi Array 379

4. Reinstall the access panel (refer to “Reinstalling the Access Panel” on

page 376).

See Also

Reinstalling the Access Panel

Removing the Access Panel

Replacing the Integrated Access Point Radio Module

Replacing the Main System Memory

Replacing the Power Supply Module

Appendix A: Servicing the Wi-Fi Array

Wi-Fi Array

380 Appendix A: Servicing the Wi-Fi Array

Replacing the Main System Memory

Use this procedure when you want to replace the main system memory.

1. Remove the access panel (refer to “Removing the Access Panel” on

page 373).

2. Remove the DIMM memory module, taking care not to “wiggle” the

module and risk damaging the connection points.

Figure 181. Removing the DIMM Memory Module

3. The removal procedure is complete. You can now reinstall the DIMM

memory module (or install a new module). Ensure that the DIMM

memory module is seated evenly and the locking tabs are in the upright

position. The DIMM memory module is keyed to fit in its socket in one

direction only.

4. Reinstall the access panel (refer to “Reinstalling the Access Panel” on

page 376).

See Also

Reinstalling the Access Panel

Removing the Access Panel

Replacing the FLASH Memory Module

DIMM memory module

Push down on

the two locking

tabs to release

the DIMM

memory module

Wi-Fi Array

Appendix A: Servicing the Wi-Fi Array 381

Replacing the Integrated Access Point Radio Module

Replacing the Power Supply Module

Appendix A: Servicing the Wi-Fi Array

Wi-Fi Array

382 Appendix A: Servicing the Wi-Fi Array

Replacing the Integrated Access Point Radio Module

Use this procedure when you want to replace the integrated access point radio

module.

1. Remove the access panel (refer to “Removing the Access Panel” on

page 373).

2. Remove the locking screws (8 places) that secure the chassis cover to the

main body of the Wi-Fi Array.

Figure 182. Removing the Chassis Cover Screws

3. Lift and remove the chassis cover.

Figure 183. Removing the Chassis Cover

Screws (8 places)

Remove the chassis cover

Wi-Fi Array

Appendix A: Servicing the Wi-Fi Array 383

4. Lift the edge of the integrated access point module.

Figure 184. Lifting the Integrated Access Point Module

5. Slide the integrated access point module away from the unit to disconnect

it from the main system board.

Figure 185. Disconnect the Integrated Access Point Module

6. The removal procedure is complete. You can now reinstall the integrated

access point module (or install a new module).

Lift here (do not force)

Disconnect the module

Wi-Fi Array

384 Appendix A: Servicing the Wi-Fi Array

7. Reinstall the chassis cover (see warnings).

8. Reinstall the locking screws (8 places) to secure the chassis cover in

place—do not overtighten.

9. Reinstall the access panel (refer to “Reinstalling the Access Panel” on

page 376).

See Also

Reinstalling the Access Panel

Removing the Access Panel

Replacing the FLASH Memory Module

Replacing the Main System Memory

Replacing the Power Supply Module

Appendix A: Servicing the Wi-Fi Array

When reinstalling the chassis cover, take care to align the cover correctly to

avoid damaging the antenna modules. Do not force the chassis cover onto the

body of the unit.

Do not overtighten the locking screws.

Wi-Fi Array

Appendix A: Servicing the Wi-Fi Array 385

Replacing the Power Supply Module

Use this procedure when you want to replace the power supply module.

1. Remove the access panel (refer to “Removing the Access Panel” on

page 373).

2. Because the power supply unit is molded into the access panel, you must

install a new access panel assembly (with the power supply attached).

Refer to “Reinstalling the Access Panel” on page 376.

Figure 186. Installing a New Access Panel (with Power Supply)

See Also

Reinstalling the Access Panel

Removing the Access Panel

Replacing the FLASH Memory Module

Replacing the Integrated Access Point Radio Module

Replacing the Main System Memory

Appendix A: Servicing the Wi-Fi Array

Access panel (with power supply and fan)

Wi-Fi Array

386 Appendix A: Servicing the Wi-Fi Array

Use this Space for Your Notes

Wi-Fi Array

Appendix B: Quick Reference Guide 387

Appendix B: Quick Reference Guide

This section contains product reference information. Use this section to locate the

information you need quickly and efficiently. Topics include:

“Factory Default Settings” on page 387.

“Keyboard Shortcuts” on page 394.

Factory Default Settings

The following tables show the Wi-Fi Array’s factory default settings.

Host Name

Network Interfaces

Serial

Setting Default Value

Host name Xirrus-WiFi-Array

Setting Default Value

Baud Rate 115200

Word Size 8 bits

Stop Bits 1

Parity No parity

Time Out 10 seconds

Wi-Fi Array

388 Appendix B: Quick Reference Guide

Gigabit 1 and Gigabit 2

Fast Ethernet

Setting Default Value

Enabled Yes

DHCP Bind Yes

Default IP Address 10.0.2.1

Default IP Mask 255.255.255.0

Default Gateway None

Auto Negotiate On

Duplex Full

Speed 1000 Mbps

MTU Size 1504

Management Enabled Yes

Setting Default Value

Enabled Yes

DHCP Bind Yes

Default IP Address 10.0.1.1

Default IP Mask 255.255.255.0

Default Gateway None

Auto Negotiate On

Duplex Full

Speed 100 Mbps

Wi-Fi Array

Appendix B: Quick Reference Guide 389

Integrated Access Points (IAPs)

MTU Size 1500

Management Enabled Yes

Setting Default Value

IAP abg2 Defaults Enabled

Mode = Monitor

Channel = Monitor

Cell Size = Manual

Antenna = Internal-Omni

Enabled (Radio State) No

Mode

XS16, XS-3900

XS12

XS8, XS-3700

XS4, XS-3500

802.11a for a1 to a12

802.11bg for abg1 to abg4

802.11a for a1 to a8

802.11bg for abg1 to abg4

802.11a for a1 to a4

802.11bg for abg1 to abg4

Channel Auto

Cell Size Max

Maximum Transmit Power 20

Antenna Selected Internal

Setting Default Value

Wi-Fi Array

390 Appendix B: Quick Reference Guide

Server Settings

NTP

Syslog

SNMP

Setting Default Value

Enabled No

Primary time.nist.gov

Secondary pool.ntp.org

Setting Default Value

Enabled Yes

Local Syslog Level Information

Maximum Internal Records 500

Primary Server None

Primary Syslog Level Information

Secondary Server None

Secondary Syslog Level Information

Setting Default Value

Enabled Yes

Read-Only Community String xirrus_read_only

Read-Write Community String xirrus

Trap Host null (no setting)

Wi-Fi Array

Appendix B: Quick Reference Guide 391

DHCP

Default SSID

Trap Port 162

Authorization Fail Port On

Setting Default Value

Enabled No

Maximum Lease Time 300 minutes

Default Lease Time 300 minutes

IP Start Range 192.168.1.2

IP End Range 192.168.1.254

NAT Disabled

IP Gateway None

DNS Domain None

DNS Server (1 to 3) None

Setting Default Value

ID xirrus

VLAN None

Encryption Off

Encryption Type None

QoS 2

Enabled Yes

Setting Default Value

Wi-Fi Array

392 Appendix B: Quick Reference Guide

Security

Global Settings - Encryption

External RADIUS (Global)

Broadcast On

Setting Default Value

Enabled Yes

WEP Keys null (all 4 keys)

WEP Key Length null (all 4 keys)

Default Key ID 1

WPA Enabled No

TKIP Enabled Yes

AES Enabled Yes

EAP Enabled Yes

PSK Enabled No

Pass Phrase null

Group Rekey Disabled

Setting Default Value

Enabled Yes

Primary Server None

Primary Port 1812

Setting Default Value

Wi-Fi Array

Appendix B: Quick Reference Guide 393

Internal RADIUS

Primary Secret xirrus

Secondary Server null (no IP address)

Secondary Port 1812

Secondary Secret null (no secret)

Time Out (before primary server is

retired) 600 seconds

Accounting Disabled

Interval 300 seconds

Primary Server None

Primary Port 1813

Primary Secret xirrus

Secondary Server None

Secondary Port 1813

Secondary Secret null (no secret)

Setting Default Value

Enabled No

The user database is cleared upon reset to the factory defaults. For the

Internal RADIUS Server you have a maximum of 1,000 entries.

Setting Default Value

Wi-Fi Array

394 Appendix B: Quick Reference Guide

Administrator Account and Password

Management

Keyboard Shortcuts

The following table shows the most common keyboard shortcuts used by the

Command Line Interface.

Setting Default Value

ID admin

Password admin

Setting Default Value

SSH On

SSH timeout 300 seconds

Telnet Off

Telnet timeout 300 seconds

Serial On

Serial timeout 300 seconds

Management over IAPs Off

http timeout 300 seconds

Action Shortcut

Cut selected data and place it on the

clipboard. Ctrl + X

Copy selected data to the clipboard. Ctrl + C

Wi-Fi Array

Appendix B: Quick Reference Guide 395

See Also

An Overview

Paste data from the clipboard into a

document (at the insertion point). Ctrl + V

Go to top of screen. Ctrl + Z

Copy the active window to the

clipboard. Alt + Print Screen

Copy the entire desktop image to the

clipboard. Print Screen

Abort an action at any time. Esc

Go back to the previous screen. b

Access the Help screen. ?

Action Shortcut

Wi-Fi Array

396 Appendix B: Quick Reference Guide

Use this Space for Your Notes

Wi-Fi Array

Appendix C: Technical Support 397

Appendix C: Technical Support

This appendix provides valuable support information that can help you resolve

technical difficulties. Before contacting Xirrus, review all topics below and try to

determine if your problem resides with the Wi-Fi Array or your network

infrastructure. Topics include:

“General Hints and Tips” on page 397

“Frequently Asked Questions” on page 398

“Array Monitor and Radio Assurance Capabilities” on page 406

“Upgrading the Array via CLI” on page 409

“Power over Gigabit Ethernet Compatibility Matrix” on page 414

“Contact Information” on page 417

General Hints and Tips

This section provides some useful tips that will optimize the reliability and

performance of your Wi-Fi Arrays.

The Wi-Fi Array requires careful handling. For best performance, units

should be mounted in a dust-free and temperature-controlled

environment.

If using multiple Arrays in the same area, maintain a distance of at least

100 feet (30m) between Arrays if there is direct line-of-sight between the

units, or at least 50 feet (15 m) if a wall or other barrier exists between the

units.

Keep the Wi-Fi Array away from electrical devices or appliances that

generate RF noise. Because the Array is generally mounted on ceilings, be

aware of its position relative to lighting (especially fluorescent lighting).

If using AC power, each Wi-Fi Array requires its own dedicated AC

power outlet. Do not attempt to “piggy-back” AC power to multiple

units. To avoid needing to run separate power cables to one or more

Arrays, consider using Power over Gigabit Ethernet.

Wi-Fi Array

398 Appendix C: Technical Support

If you are deploying multiple units, the Array should be oriented so that

the abg(n)2 radio is oriented in the direction of the least required

coverage, because when in monitor mode the abg(n)2 radio does not

function as an AP servicing stations.

The Wi-Fi Array should only be used with Wi-Fi certified client devices.

See Also

Contact Information

Multiple SSIDs

Security

VLAN Support

Frequently Asked Questions

This section answers some of the most frequently asked questions, organized by

functional area.

Multiple SSIDs

Q. What Are BSSIDs and SSIDs?

A. BSSID (Basic Service Set Identifier) refers to an individual access point

radio and its associated clients. The identifier is the MAC address of the

access point radio that forms the BSS.

A group of BSSs can be formed to allow stations in one BSS to

communicate to stations in another BSS by way of a backbone that

interconnects each access point.

The Extended Service Set (ESS) refers to the group of BSSIDs that are

grouped together to form one ESS. The ESSID (often referred to as SSID or

“wireless network name”) identifies the Extended Service Set. Clients

must associate to a single ESS at any given time. Clients ignore traffic

from other Extended Service Sets that do not have the same SSID.

Legacy access points typically support one SSID per access point. Xirrus

Wi-Fi Arrays support the ability for multiple SSIDs to be defined and

used simultaneously.

Wi-Fi Array

Appendix C: Technical Support 399

Q. What would I use SSIDs for?

A. The creation of different wireless network names allows system

administrators to separate types of users with different requirements. The

following policies can be tied to an SSID:

Minimum security required to join this SSID.

The wireless Quality of Service (QoS) desired for this SSID.

The wired VLAN associated with this SSID.

As an example, one SSID named accounting might require the highest

level of security, while another SSID named guests might have low

security requirements.

Another example may define an SSID named voice that supports voice

over Wireless LAN phones with the highest possible Quality of Service

(QoS) definition. This type of SSID might also forward traffic to specific

VLANs on the wired network.

Q. How do I set up SSIDs?

A. Use the following procedure as a guideline. For more detailed

information, go to “SSIDs” on page 235.

1. From the Web Management Interface, go to the SSID

Management page.

2. Select Yes to make the SSID visible to all clients on the network.

Although the Wi-Fi Array will not broadcast SSIDs that are

hidden, clients can still associate to a hidden SSID if they know

the SSID name to connect to it.

3. Select the minimum security that will be required by users for

this SSID.

4. If desired (optional), select a Quality of Service (QoS) setting for

this SSID. The QoS setting you define here will prioritize wireless

traffic for this SSID over other SSID wireless traffic.

5. If desired (optional), select a VLAN that you want this traffic to

be forwarded to on the wired network.

Wi-Fi Array

400 Appendix C: Technical Support

6. If desired (optional), you can select which radios this SSID will

not be available on—the default is to make this SSID available on

all radios.

7. Click on the Apply button to apply your changes to this session.

8. Click on the Save button to save your changes.

9. If you need to edit any of the SSID settings, you can do so from

the SSID Management page.

See Also

Contact Information

General Hints and Tips

Security

SSIDs

SSID Management

VLAN Support

Security

Q. How do I ensure that an Array meets FIPS requirements?

A. To meet the Level 2 security requirements of FIPS 140-2, follow the

instructions in Appendix E: Implementing FIPS Security.

Q. How do I ensure that an Array meets PCI DSS requirements?

A. To meet PCI DSS requirements, follow the instructions in Appendix D:

Implementing PCI DSS.

Q. How do I know my management session is secure?

A. Follow these guidelines:

Administrator passwords

Always change the default administrator password (the default

is admin), and choose a strong replacement password. When

appropriate, issue read only administrator accounts.

SSH versus Telnet

Wi-Fi Array

Appendix C: Technical Support 401

Be aware that Telnet is not secure over network connections and

should be used only with a direct serial port connection. When

connecting to the unit’s Command Line Interface over a network

connection, you must use a Secure SHell (SSH) utility. The most

commonly used freeware providing SSH tools is PuTTY. The

Array only allows SSH-2 connections, so your SSH utility must

be set up to use SSH-2.

Configuration auditing

Do not change approved configuration settings. The optional

Xirrus Management System (XMS) offers powerful management

features for small or large Wi-Fi Array deployments, and can

audit your configuration settings automatically. In addition,

using the XMS eliminates the need for an FTP server.

Q. Which wireless data encryption method should I use?

A. Wireless data encryption prevents eavesdropping on data being

transmitted or received over the airwaves. The Wi-Fi Array allows you to

establish the following data encryption configuration options:

Open

This option offers no data encryption and is not recommended,

though you might choose this option if clients are required to use

a VPN connection through a secure SSH utility, like PuTTy.

WEP (Wired Equivalent Privacy)

This option provides minimal protection (though much better

than using an open network). An early standard for wireless data

encryption and supported by all Wi-Fi certified equipment, WEP

is vulnerable to hacking and is therefore not recommended for

use by Enterprise networks.

WPA (Wi-Fi Protected Access)

This is a much stronger encryption model than WEP and uses

TKIP (Temporal Key Integrity Protocol) with AES (Advanced

Encryption Standard) to prevent WEP cracks.

Wi-Fi Array

402 Appendix C: Technical Support

TKIP solves security issues with WEP. It also allows you to

establish encryption keys on a per-user-basis, with key rotation

for added security. In addition, TKIP provides Message Integrity

Check (MIC) functionality and prevents active attacks on the

wireless network.

AES is the strongest encryption standard and is used by

government agencies; however, old legacy hardware may not be

capable of supporting the AES mode (it probably won’t work on

older wireless clients). Because AES is the strongest encryption

standard currently available, it is highly recommended for

Enterprise networks.

Any of the above encryption modes can be used (and can be used at

the same time).

Q. Which user authentication method should I use?

A. User authentication ensures that users are who they say they are. For

example, the most obvious example of authentication is logging in with a

user name and password. The Wi-Fi Array allows you to choose between

the following user authentication methods:

Pre-Shared Key

Users must manually enter a key (pass phrase) on the client side

of the wireless network that matches the key stored by the

administrator in your Wi-Fi Arrays.

RADIUS 802.1x with EAP

802.1x uses a RADIUS server to authenticate large numbers of

clients, and can handle different EAP (Extensible Authentication

Protocol) authentication methods, including EAP-TLS, EAP-

TTLS and EAP-PEAP. The RADIUS server can be internal

(provided by the Wi-Fi Array) or external. An external RADIUS

server offers more functionality and is recommended for large

Enterprise deployments.

When using this method, user names and passwords must be

entered into the RADIUS server for user authentication.

Wi-Fi Array

Appendix C: Technical Support 403

MAC Address ACLs (Access Control Lists)

MAC address ACLs provide a list of client adapter MAC

addresses that are allowed or denied access to the wireless

network. Access Control Lists work well when there are a limited

number of users—in this case, enter the MAC addresses of each

user in the Allow list. In the event of a lost or stolen MAC

adapter, enter the affected MAC address in the Deny list.

Q. Why do I need to authenticate my Wi-Fi Array units?

A. When deploying multiple Wi-Fi Arrays, you may need to define which

units are part of which wireless network (for example, if you are

establishing more than one network). In this case, you need to employ the

Xirrus Management System (XMS) which can authenticate your Arrays

automatically and ensure that only authorized units are associated with

the defined wireless network.

Q. What is rogue AP (Access Point) detection?

A. The Wi-Fi Array has a dedicated radio, IAP abg(n)2, which constantly

scans the local wireless environment for rogue APs (non-Xirrus devices

that are not part of your wireless network), unencrypted transmissions,

and other security issues. Administrators can then classify each rogue AP

and ensure that these devices do not interrupt or interfere with the

network.

See Also

Contact Information

General Hints and Tips

Multiple SSIDs

VLAN Support

Q. What Are VLANs?

A. VLANs (Virtual Local Area Networks) are a logical grouping of network

devices that share a common network broadcast domain. Members of a

Wi-Fi Array

404 Appendix C: Technical Support

particular VLAN can be on any segment of the physical network but

logically only members of a particular VLAN can see each other.

VLANs are defined and implemented using the wired network switches

that are VLAN capable. Packets are tagged for transmission on a

particular VLAN according to the IEEE 802.1Q standard, with VLAN

switches processing packets according to the tag.

Q. What would I use VLANs for?

A. Logically separating different types of users, systems, applications, or

other logical division aids in performance and management of different

network devices. Different VLANs can also be assigned with different

packet priorities to prioritize packets from one VLAN over packets from

another VLAN.

VLANs are managed by software settings—instead of physically

plugging in and moving network cables and users—which helps to ease

network management tasks.

Q. What are Wireless VLANs?

A. Wireless VLANs allow similar functionality to the wired VLAN

definitions and extend the operation of wired VLANs to the wireless side

of the network.

Wireless VLANs can be mapped to wireless SSIDs so that traffic from

wired VLANs can be sent to wireless users of a particular SSID. The

reverse is also true, where wireless traffic originating from a particular

SSID can be tagged for transmission on a particular wired VLAN.

Sixteen SSIDs can be defined on your Wi-Fi Array, allowing a total of

sixteen VLANs to be accessed (one per SSID).

As an example, to provide guest user access an SSID of guest might be

created. This SSID could be mapped to a wired VLAN that segregates

unknown users from the rest of the wired network and restricts them to

Internet access only. Wireless users could then associate to the wireless

network via the guest SSID and obtain access to the Internet through the

Wi-Fi Array

Appendix C: Technical Support 405

selected VLAN, but would be able to access other privileged network

resources.

See Also

Contact Information

General Hints and Tips

Multiple SSIDs

Security

Wi-Fi Array

406 Appendix C: Technical Support

Array Monitor and Radio Assurance Capabilities

All models of the Wi-Fi Array have a monitor radio, abg(n)2, that checks that the

Array’s radios are functioning correctly, and acts as a dedicated threat sensor to

detect and prevent intrusion from rogue access points.

Enabling Monitoring on the Array

IAP abg(n)2 may be set to monitor the Array or to be a normal IAP radio. In order

to enable the functions required for intrusion detection and for monitoring the

other Array radios, you must configure abg(n)2 on the IAP Settings window as

follows:

Check the Enabled checkbox.

Set Mode to Monitor.

Set Channel to Monitor.

The settings above will automatically set the Antenna selection to

Internal-Omni., also required for monitoring. See the “IAP Settings” on page 255

for more details. The values above are the factory default settings for the Array.

How Monitoring Works

When the monitor radio abg(n)2 has been configured as just described, it

performs these steps continuously (24/7) to check the other radios on the Array

and detect possible intrusions:

1. The monitor radio scans all channels with a 200ms dwell time, hitting all

channels about once every 10 seconds.

2. Each time it tunes to a new channel it sends out a probe request in an

attempt to smoke out rogues.

3. It then listens for all probe responses and beacons to detect any rogues

within earshot.

4. Array radios respond to that probe request with a probe response.

Intrusion Detection is enabled or disabled separately from monitoring. See Step 1

in “Advanced RF Settings” on page 275. Note that the Advanced setting is only

used with the optional Xirrus Defense Module (XDM) software package.

Wi-Fi Array

Appendix C: Technical Support 407

Radio Assurance

The Array is capable of performing continuous, comprehensive tests on its radios

to assure that they are operating properly. Testing is enabled using the Radio

Assurance Mode setting on the Advanced RF Settings window (Step 5 in

“Advanced RF Settings” on page 275). When this mode is enabled, IAP abg(n)2

performs loopback tests on the Array. Radio Assurance Mode requires Intrusion

Detection to be set to Standard (See Step 1 in “Advanced RF Settings” on

page 275).

When Radio Assurance Mode is enabled:

1. The Array keeps track of whether or not it hears beacons and probe

responses from the Array’s radios.

2. After 10 minutes (roughly 60 passes on a particular channel by the

monitor radio), if it has not heard beacons or probe responses from one of

the Array’s radios it issues an alert in the Syslog. If repair is allowed (see

“Radio Assurance Options” on page 408), the Array will reset and

reprogram that particular radio at the Physical Layer (PHY—Layer 1).

This action takes under 100ms and stations are not deauthenticated, thus

users should not be impacted.

3. After another 10 minutes (roughly another 60 passes), if the monitor still

has not heard beacons or probe responses from the malfunctioning radio

it will again issue an alert in the Syslog. If repair is allowed, the Array will

reset and reprogram the MAC (the lower sublayer of the Data Link Layer)

and then all of the PHYs. This is a global action that affects all radios. This

action takes roughly 300ms and stations are not deauthenticated, thus

users should not be impacted.

4. After another 10 minutes, if the monitor still has not heard beacons or

probe responses from that radio, it will again syslog the issue. If reboot is

allowed (see “Radio Assurance Options” on page 408), the Array will

schedule a reboot. This reboot will occur at one of the following times,

whichever occurs first:

•When no stations are associated to the Array

•Midnight

Wi-Fi Array

408 Appendix C: Technical Support

Radio Assurance Options

If the monitor detects a problem with an Array radio as described above, it will

take action according to the preference that you have specified in the Radio

Assurance Mode setting on the Advanced RF Settings window (see Step 5

page 278):

Failure alerts only—The Array will issue alerts in the Syslog, but will not

initiate repairs or reboots.

Failure alerts & repairs, but no reboots—The Array will issue alerts and

perform resets of the PHY and MAC as described above.

Failure alerts & repairs & reboots if needed—The Array will issue alerts,

perform resets of the PHY and MAC, and schedule reboots as described

above.

Disabled—Disable IAP loopback tests (no self-monitoring occurs).

Loopback tests are disabled by default.

Wi-Fi Array

Appendix C: Technical Support 409

Upgrading the Array via CLI

If you are experiencing difficulties communicating with the Array using the Web

Management Interface, the Array provides lower-level facilities that may be used

to accomplish an upgrade via the CLI and the Xirrus Boot Loader (XBL).

1. Download the latest software update from the Xirrus FTP site using your

Enhanced Care FTP username and password. If you do not have an FTP

username and password, contact Xirrus Customer Service for assistance

(support@xirrus.com). The software update is provided as a zip file.

Unzip the contents to a local temp directory. Take note of the extracted file

name in case you need it later on—you may also need to copy this file

elsewhere on the network depending on your situation.

2. Install a TFTP server software package if you don't have one running. It

may be installed on any PC on your network, including your desktop or

laptop. The Solar Winds version is freeware and works well.

http://support.solarwinds.net/updates/New-customerFree.cfm?ProdId=52

The TFTP install process creates the TFTP-Root directory on your C:

drive, which is the default target for sending and receiving files. This may

be changed if desired. This directory is where you will place the extracted

Xirrus software update file(s). If you install the TFTP server on the same

computer to which you extracted the file, you may change the TFTP

directory to C:\xirrus if desired.

You must make the following change to the default configuration of the

Solar Winds TFTP server. In the File/Configure menu, select Security,

then select Tra nsmit only and click OK.

3. Determine the IP address of the computer hosting the TFTP server. (To

display the IP address, open a command prompt and type ipconfig)

4. Connect your Array to the computer running TFTP using a serial cable,

and open a terminal program if you haven't already. Attach a network

cable to the Array’s GIG1 port, if it is not already part of your network.

Wi-Fi Array

410 Appendix C: Technical Support

Boot your Array and watch the progress messages. When Press space bar

to exit to bootloader: is displayed, press the space bar. The rest of this

procedure is performed using the bootloader.

The following steps assume that you are running DHCP on your local

network.

5. Type dhcp and hit return. This instructs the Array to obtain a DHCP

address and use it during this boot in the bootloader environment.

6. Type dir and hit return to see what's currently in the compact flash.

7. Type del and hit return to delete the contents of the compact flash.

8. Type update server <TFTP-server-ip-addr> xs-3.x-xxxx.bin (the actual

Xirrus file name will vary depending on Array model number and

software version—use the file name from your software update) and hit

return. The software update will be transferred to the Array's memory

and will be written to the it’s compact flash card. (See output below.)

9. Type reset and hit return. Your Array will reboot, running your new

version of software.

Sample Output for the Upgrade Procedure:

The user actions are highlighted in the output below, for clarity.

Username: admin

Password: *****

Xirrus-WiFi-Array# configure

Xirrus-WiFi-Array(config)# reboot

Are you sure you want to reboot? [yes/no]: yes

Array is being rebooted.

Xirrus Boot Loader 1.0.0 (Oct 17 2006 - 13:11:42), Build: 2725

Processor | Motorola PowerPC, PVR=80200020 SVR=80300020

Board | Xirrus MPC8540 CPU Board

Clocks | CPU : 825 MHz DDR : 330 MHz Local Bus: 41 MHz

Wi-Fi Array

Appendix C: Technical Support 411

L1 cache | Data: 32 KB Inst: 32 KB Status : Enabled

Watchdog | Enabled (5 secs)

I2C Bus | 400 KHz

DTT | CPU:34C RF0:34C RF1:34C RF2:27C RF3:29C

RTC | Wed 2007-Nov-05 6:43:14 GMT

System DDR | 256 MB, Unbuffered Non-ECC (2T)

L2 cache | 256 KB, Enabled

FLASH | 4 MB, CRC: OK

FPGA | 2 Devices programmed

Packet DDR | 256 MB, Unbuffered Non-ECC, Enabled

Network | Mot FEC Mot TSEC1 [Primary] Mot TSEC2

IDE Bus 0 | OK

CFCard | 122 MB, Model: Hitachi XXM2.3.0

Environment| 4 KB, Initialized

In: serial

Out: serial

Err: serial

Press space bar to exit to bootloader:

XBL>dhcp

[DHCP ] Device : Mot TSEC1 1000BT Full Duplex

[DHCP ] IP Addr : 192.168.39.195

XBL>dir

[CFCard] Directory of /

Date Time Size File or Directory name

----------- -------- -------- ---------------------------

2007-Nov-05 6:01:56 29 lastboot

2007-Apr-05 15:47:46 28210390 xs-3.1-0433.bak

2007-Mar-01 16:39:42 storage/

2007-Apr-05 15:56:38 28210430 xs-3.1-0440.bin

2007-Mar-03 0:56:28 wpr/

3 file(s), 2 dir(s)

Wi-Fi Array

412 Appendix C: Technical Support

XBL>del *

[CFCard] Delete : 2 file(s) deleted

XBL>update server 192.168.39.102 xs-3.0-0425.bin

[TFTP ] Device : Mot TSEC1 1000BT Full Duplex

[TFTP ] Client : 192.168.39.195

[TFTP ] Server : 192.168.39.102

[TFTP ] File : xs-3.0-0425.bin

[TFTP ] Address : 0x1000000

[TFTP ] Loading : ##################################################

[TFTP ] Loading : ###### done

[TFTP ] Complete: 12.9 sec, 2.1 MB/sec

[TFTP ] Bytes : 27752465 (1a77811 hex)

[CFCard] File : xs-3.0-0425.bin

[CFCard] Address : 0x1000000

[CFCard] Saving : ############################################### done

[CFCard] Complete: 137.4 sec, 197.2 KB/sec

[CFCard] Bytes : 27752465 (1a77811 hex)

XBL>reset

[RESET ]

Xirrus Boot Loader 1.0.0 (Oct 17 2006 - 13:11:42), Build: 2725

Processor | Motorola PowerPC, PVR=80200020 SVR=80300020

Board | Xirrus MPC8540 CPU Board

Clocks | CPU : 825 MHz DDR : 330 MHz Local Bus: 41 MHz

L1 cache | Data: 32 KB Inst: 32 KB Status : Enabled

Watchdog | Enabled (5 secs)

I2C Bus | 400 KHz

DTT | CPU:33C RF0:32C RF1:31C RF2:26C RF3:27C

RTC | Wed 2007-Nov-05 6:48:44 GMT

System DDR | 256 MB, Unbuffered Non-ECC (2T)

Wi-Fi Array

Appendix C: Technical Support 413

L2 cache | 256 KB, Enabled

FLASH | 4 MB, CRC: OK

FPGA | 2 Devices programmed

Packet DDR | 256 MB, Unbuffered Non-ECC, Enabled

Network | Mot FEC Mot TSEC1 [Primary] Mot TSEC2

IDE Bus 0 | OK

CFCard | 122 MB, Model: Hitachi XXM2.3.0

Environment| 4 KB, Initialized

In: serial

Out: serial

Err: serial

Press space bar to exit to bootloader:

[CFCard] File : xs*.bin

[CFCard] Address : 0x1000000

[CFCard] Loading : ############################################### done

[CFCard] Complete: 26.9 sec, 1.0 MB/sec

[CFCard] Bytes : 27752465 (1a77811 hex)

[Boot ] Address : 0x01000000

[Boot ] Image : Verifying checksum .... OK

[Boot ] Unzip : Multi-File Image .... OK

[Boot ] Initrd : Loading RAMDisk Image

[Boot ] Initrd : Verifying checksum .... OK

[Boot ] Execute : Transferring control to OS

Initializing hardware ........................................ OK

Xirrus Wi-Fi Array

ArrayOS Version 3.0-425

http://www.xirrus.com

Username:

Wi-Fi Array

414 Appendix C: Technical Support

Power over Gigabit Ethernet Compatibility Matrix

The Xirrus Power over Gigabit Ethernet (PoGE) solution includes different

modules to be used with particular Array models. The following two tables

indicate the proper PoGE injector/splitters to use with each Array. X indicates

products are INCOMPATIBLE. NA=Not Applicable.

Table 1: Current PoGE Injectors/Splitters

Array Model Compatible

Xirrus Injector/Splitter

XP1-MSI-X

Injector

XP8-MSI

Injector

XP1-MSI

Injector

XP1-SPL

Splitter

XS4 Works with any PoGE

injector/splitter

3333

XS8, XN4 Works with any PoGE injector,

no splitter required

333

XN16/XN12/

XN8/XN4,

XS16/XS12

Works with two injector

options, no splitter required

33

1. The 8-port XP8-MSI-H and XP8-MSI injectors each power up to eight

4-port or 8-port Arrays; or four 16-port Arrays.

XNA

XS-3500-4 Works with any PoGE

injector/splitter

3333

XS-3700-8, DC

(modified)2

2. To see whether an Array is modified, see Figure 188 on page 416.

Works only with legacy

injector/splitter models, see

Table 2.

X X XX

XS-3900-16, DC

(modified)2X X XX

XS-3700-8, DC

(unmodified) DO NOT connect unmodified

XS-3700/3900 with -H or -HX

injectors or splitter.

333

XS-3900-16, DC

(unmodified) X

3

Wi-Fi Array

Appendix C: Technical Support 415

Table 2: Legacy PoGE Models

#IMPORTANT NOTE: Only use -H versions of injectors/splitters together,

and use non-H versions of injectors/splitters together - do not mix or match

the two types.

Array Model

Compatible

Xirrus Injector/Splitter

XP1-MSI-H

Injector

XP1-MSI-HX

Injector

XP8-MSI-H

Injector

XP1-SPL-H

Splitter

XS4 Works with any PoGE

injector/splitter

3333

XS8 Works with any PoGE

injector, no splitter required

333

XS16/XS12 Works with two injector

options, no splitter required X

33

1. The 8-port XP8-MSI-H and XP8-MSI injectors each power up to

eight 4-port or 8-port Arrays; or four 16-port Arrays.

XS-3500-4 Works with any PoGE

injector/splitter

3333

XS-3700-8, DC

(modified)2

2. To see whether an Array is modified, see Figure 188 on page 416.

Works only with -H version

injector/splitters

3333

XS-3900-16, DC

(modified)2Works only with -HX or XP8

version injector/splitters X

33

XS-3700-8, DC

(unmodified) DO NOT connect

unmodified XS-3700/3900

with -H or -HX injectors or

splitter.

X X X X

XS-3900-16, DC

(unmodified) X X X X

Wi-Fi Array

416 Appendix C: Technical Support

Determining If an XS-3700 or XS-3900 is Modified for PoGE

The following pictures show how different Array power supply types look. On

the XS-3700/XS-3900 Arrays, it is VERY important to note the yellow sticker

(Figure 188 on page 416) that differentiates between modified and unmodified

DC power versions.

Figure 187. XN8/XN12/XN16/XS8/XS12/XS16: Integrated Splitter

Figure 188. Determining if XS-37000/3900 is modified

Connect Data OUT

to Gig1 or Gig2 port

with short cable

Connect Cat 5e

(from PoGE Injector) 

to IN port

Modified XS-3700/XS-3900 

(DC Version)

Accepts XP1-SPL-H splitter output

Must have yellow label

Unmodified XS-3700/XS-3900 

(DC Version)

Accepts XP1-SPL splitter output

Has no yellow label

Wi-Fi Array

Appendix C: Technical Support 417

Contact Information

Xirrus, Inc. is located in Thousand Oaks, California, just 55 minutes northwest of

downtown Los Angeles and 40 minutes southeast of Santa Barbara.

Xirrus, Inc.

2101 Corporate Center Drive

Thousand Oaks, CA 91320

USA

Tel: 1.805.262.1600

1.800.947.7871 Toll Free in the US

Fax: 1.866.462.3980

www.xirrus.com

support.xirrus.com

Wi-Fi Array

418 Appendix C: Technical Support

Wi-Fi Array

Appendix D: Implementing PCI DSS 419

Appendix D: Implementing PCI DSS

The Payment Card Industry (PCI) Data Security Standard (DSS) was developed

by major credit card companies to help those that process credit card transactions

(or cardholder information) in order to secure cardholder information and protect

it from unauthorized access, fraud and other security issues. The major

contributors to the standard are VISA, MasterCard, American Express, JCB, and

Discover. The standard also helps consolidate various individual standards that

were developed by each of the listed card companies. Merchants or others who

process credit card transactions are required to comply with the standard and to

prove their compliance by way of an audit from a Qualified Security Assessor.

PCI DSS lays out a set of requirements that must be met in order to provide

adequate security for sensitive data.

Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Overview

The PCI Data Security Standard (PCI DSS) has 12 main requirements that are

grouped into six control objectives. The following table lists each control objective

and the specific requirements for each objective. For the latest updates to this list,

check the PCI Security Standards Web site: www.pcisecuritystandards.org.

PCI DSS Control Objectives and Associated Requirements

Objective: Build and Maintain a Secure Network

Requirement 1: Install and maintain a firewall configuration to protect

cardholder data.

Requirement 2: Do not use vendor-supplied defaults for system passwords

and other security parameters.

Objective: Protect Cardholder Data

Requirement 3: Protect stored cardholder data.

Requirement 4: Encrypt transmission of cardholder data across open,

public networks.

Wi-Fi Array

420 Appendix D: Implementing PCI DSS

PCI DSS and Wireless

The Xirrus Wi-Fi Array provides numerous security features that allow it to be a

component of a PCI DSS-compliant network. The following sections indicate the

specific features that allow the Xirrus Wi-Fi Array to operate in a PCI DSS mode.

Objective: Maintain a Vulnerability Management Program

Requirement 5: Use and regularly update anti-virus software.

Requirement 6: Develop and maintain secure systems and applications.

Objective: Implement Strong Access Control Measures

Requirement 7: Restrict access to cardholder data by business need-to-

know.

Requirement 8: Assign a unique ID to each person with computer access.

Requirement 9: Restrict physical access to cardholder data.

Objective: Regularly Monitor and Test Networks

Requirement 10: Track and monitor all access to network resources and

cardholder data.

Requirement 11: Regularly test security systems and processes.

Objective: Maintain an Information Security Policy

Requirement 12: Maintain a policy that addresses information security.

PCI DSS Control Objectives and Associated Requirements

Wi-Fi Array

Appendix D: Implementing PCI DSS 421

The Xirrus Array PCI Compliance Configuration

The check list below is designed to help ensure that Xirrus Wi-Fi Arrays are

configured in a manner that is supportive of PCI Data Security Standards.

Detailed configuration steps for each item are found in the referenced section of

the User’s Guide.

Xirrus Wi-Fi Array Configuration for PCI DSS See...

( )

( )

notification and access to software updates.

Confirm that the latest version of the Array OS is

being used by checking the Xirrus web site.



support.xirrus.com

( ) Enable PCI Mode after configuring the Array in a

PCI compliant state to ensure configuration

changes cannot be saved that would invalidate a

PCI compliant configuration. This item is covered

on the following pages.



The pci-audit

Command, p. 422

( ) Allow only necessary protocols and networks to be

accessed by configuring your corporate firewall or

using the internal Array firewall.



Filters, p. 289

( )

( )

( )

( )

( )

Change the default Admin account password.

Remove any unnecessary admin or user accounts.

Change the SNMP community string from the

default password.

Use WPA2 and 802.1x authentication.

Change default SSID from Xirrus to a user-defined

SSID.

Disable SSID broadcast for all PCI compliant

SSIDs.

Express Setup, p. 176

Admin Management,

p. 215

SNMP, p. 200

SSIDs, p. 235 and

Global Settings, p. 225

SSIDs, p. 235

SSIDs, p. 235

( )



( )

Enable Secure Shell (ssh) for CLI (command line)

access.

Confirm telnet access is disabled (done by default).

Confirm management over the wireless network is

disabled.



Management Control,

p. 219

Global Settings (IAP),

p. 260

Wi-Fi Array

422 Appendix D: Implementing PCI DSS



Additional information regarding implementation of PCI DSS on the Wi-Fi Array

is described in the Xirrus White Paper, PCI Data Security Standard, available on

the Xirrus web site.

The pci-audit Command

The Array provides a CLI command, pci-audit, that checks whether the Array’s

configuration satisfies PCI DSS wireless requirements. This command does not

change any parameters, but will inform you of any violations that exist.

Furthermore, the command pci-audit enable will put the Array in PCI Mode and

monitor changes that you make to the Array’s configuration in CLI or the WMI.

PCI Mode will warn you (and issue a Syslog message) if the change violates PCI

DSS requirements. A warning is issued when a non-compliant change is first

applied to the Array, and also if you attempt to save a configuration that is non-

compliant. Use this command in conjunction with The Xirrus Array PCI

( )



( )

Check that external RADIUS servers have been

configured for use with 802.1x and WPA/WPA2

wireless security.

Ensure that Array Administration Accounts are

being validated by External RADIUS servers.



SSIDs, p. 235 and

Global Settings, p. 225



Admin RADIUS,

p. 216

( ) Ensure that each Xirrus Array is physically

inaccessible such that console ports and

management ports are not accessible.

Securing the Array,

p. 94

See Indoor Enclosure

( )



( )

Enable syslog messaging and define a syslog

server on the wired network to receive syslog

messages.

Enable NTP and define an NTP server (optional).



System Log, p. 197



Time Settings (NTP),

p. 194

( ) Enable the RF Monitor radio in the Xirrus Array.

Categorize known or approved devices as such.

Respond to any alert of unknown or unapproved

wireless devices discovered by the RF Monitor.

IAP Settings, p. 255

Rogue Control List,

p. 233

Intrusion Detection,

p. 148

Xirrus Wi-Fi Array Configuration for PCI DSS See...

Wi-Fi Array

Appendix D: Implementing PCI DSS 423

Compliance Configuration above to ensure that you are using the Array in

accordance with the PCI DSS requirements.

The pci-audit command checks items such as:

Telnet is disabled.

Admin RADIUS is enabled (admin login authentication is via RADIUS

server).

An external Syslog server is in use.

All SSIDs must set encryption to WPA or better (which also enforces

802.1x authentication)

Sample output from this command is shown below.

Figure 189. Sample output of pci-audit command

Additional Resources

PCI Security Standards Web site: www.pcisecuritystandards.org

List of Qualified PCI Security Assessors: www.pcisecuritystandards.org/

pdfs/pci_qsa_list.pdf

For the latest version of the Xirrus White Paper, PCI Data Security

Standard, and the latest versions of Xirrus software, please check

www.xirrus.com

SS-Array(config)# pci-audit

PCI audit failure: telnet enabled.

PCI audit failure: admin RADIUS authentication disabled.

PCI audit failure: SSID ssid2 encryption too weak.

PCI audit failure: SSID ssid3 encryption too weak.

PCI audit failure: SSID ssid4 encryption too weak.

PCI audit failure: SSID ssid5 encryption too weak.

PCI audit failure: SSID ssid6 encryption too weak.

Wi-Fi Array

424 Appendix D: Implementing PCI DSS

Wi-Fi Array

Appendix E: Implementing FIPS Security 425

Appendix E: Implementing FIPS Security

Wi-Fi Arrays may be configured to satisfy the requirements for Level 2 of Federal

Information Processing Standard (FIPS) Publication 140-2. The procedure in this

section lists simple steps that must be followed exactly to implement FIPS 140-2,

Level 2. The procedure includes physical actions, and parameters that must be set

in Web Management Interface (WMI) windows in the Security section and in

other sections.

The following topics are discussed:

“To implement FIPS 140-2, Level 2 using WMI” on page 425.

“To check if an Array is in FIPS mode:” on page 431

“To implement FIPS 140-2, Level 2 using CLI:” on page 431

To implement FIPS 140-2, Level 2 using WMI

1. Apply the supplied tamper-evident seals to the unit as indicated in the

figures below. The procedure is slightly different, depending on the

model.

•Before you apply the tamper-evident seal, clean the area of any

grease, dirt, or oil. We recommend using alcohol-based cleaning pads

for this.

•Each seal must be applied to straddle both sides of an opening so that

it will show if an attempt has been made to open the Array.

Wi-Fi Array

426 Appendix E: Implementing FIPS Security

•XS16, XS12, XS8, XS-3900, or XS-3700—Apply two seals, one on either

side of the Array about 180° apart from each other, as shown. Apply a

third seal to the access panel opening, as shown. IMPORTANT:

Make sure that each seal straddles a seam.

Figure 190. Applying Three Seals to XS16/XS12/XS8 or XS-3900/XS-3700

Wi-Fi Array

Appendix E: Implementing FIPS Security 427

•XS4 or XS-3500—Apply two seals, one on either side of the Array

about 180° apart from each other, as shown. IMPORTANT: Make

sure that each seal straddles a seam.

Figure 191. Applying Two Tamper-evident seals to the XS4 or XS-3500

2. Enable HTTPS using the CLI if it is not already enabled, using the

following command:

Xirrus_Wi-Fi_Array(config)# https on

This allows the Web Management Interface to be used for the rest of this

procedure. HTTPS is enabled on Arrays by default.

Wi-Fi Array

428 Appendix E: Implementing FIPS Security

3. Select the SSIDs/SSID Management window. Set Encryption Type to

WPA2 (Figure 192 ). Click Modify, then Save. Make sure that this is set

for each SSID.

Figure 192. SSID Management Window

Wi-Fi Array

Appendix E: Implementing FIPS Security 429

4. In the Security/Global Settings window, select No for TKIP Enabled and

Yes for AES Enabled. Click Apply, then Save.

Figure 193. Security/Global Settings Window

Wi-Fi Array

430 Appendix E: Implementing FIPS Security

5. In the Security/Management Control window, select Yes for Enable

Management over SSH. Select No for Enable Management over Telnet

and for Enable Management over IAPs. Click Apply, then Save.

Figure 194. Security/Management Control Window

6. In the Services/SNMP window, select No for Enable SNMP. Click Apply,

then Save.

Figure 195. Services/SNMP Window

Wi-Fi Array

Appendix E: Implementing FIPS Security 431

7. In the IAPs/Global Settings window, select Off for Fast Roaming. Click

Apply, then Save.

Figure 196. IAPs/Global Settings Screen

To check if an Array is in FIPS mode:

You may determine whether or not the Array is running in FIPS mode by

verifying that the settings described in the previous procedure are in effect.

To implement FIPS 140-2, Level 2 using CLI:

1. The following CLI command will perform all of the settings required to

put the Array in FIPS mode:.

Xirrus_Wi-Fi_Array(config}# fips on

This command remembers your previous settings for FIPS-related

attributes. They will be restored if you use the fips off command.

Use the save command to save these changes to flash memory.

2. Use the fips off command if you would like to revert the FIPS settings

back to the values they had before you entered the fips on command.

Xirrus_Wi-Fi_Array(config}# fips off

Use the save command to save these changes to flash memory.

Wi-Fi Array

432 Appendix E: Implementing FIPS Security

See Also

The Web Management Interface

The Command Line Interface

Wi-Fi Array

Appendix F: Notices 433

Appendix F: Notices

This appendix contains the following information:

“Notices” on page 433

“EU Directive 1999/5/EC Compliance Information” on page 436

“Safety Warnings” on page 443

“Translated Safety Warnings” on page 444

“Software Warranty and License Agreement” on page 445

“Hardware Warranty Agreement” on page 452

Notices

FCC Notice

This device complies with Part 15 of the FCC Rules, with operation subject to the

following two conditions: (1) This device may not cause harmful interference, and

(2) this device must accept any interference received, including interference that

may cause unwanted operation.

This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class A

digital device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC rules. These limits are designed to

provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential

installation. This equipment generates, uses and can radiate RF energy and, if not

installed and used in accordance with the instructions, may cause harmful

interference to radio communications. However, there is no guarantee that

interference will not occur in a particular installation. If this equipment does

cause harmful interference to radio or television reception, which can be

determined by turning the equipment off and on, the user is encouraged to try to

correct the interference by one or more of the following safety measures:

Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna.

Increase the separation between the equipment and the receiver.

Consult the dealer or an experienced wireless technician for help.

Use of a shielded twisted pair (STP) cable must be used for all Ethernet

connections in order to comply with EMC requirements.

Wi-Fi Array

434 Appendix F: Notices

RF Radiation Hazard Warning

To ensure compliance with FCC RF exposure requirements, this device must be

installed in a location where the antennas of the device will have a minimum

distance of at least 25 cm (9.84 inches) from all persons. Using higher gain

antennas and types of antennas not certified for use with this product is not

allowed. The device shall not be co-located with another transmitter.

Non-Modification Statement

Unauthorized changes or modifications to the device are not permitted. Use only

the supplied internal antenna, or external antennas supplied by the manufacturer.

Modifications to the device will void the warranty and may violate FCC

regulations. Please go to the Xirrus Web site for a list of all approved antennas.

Indoor Use

This product has been designed for indoor use. Operation of channels in the

5150MHz to 5250MHz band is permitted indoors only to reduce the potential for

harmful interference to co-channel mobile satellite systems.

Cable Runs for Power over Gigabit Ethernet (PoGE)

If using PoGE, the Array must be connected to PoGE networks without routing

cabling to the outside plant—this ensures that cabling is not exposed to lightning

strikes or possible cross over from high voltage.

Battery Warning

Caution! The Array contains a battery which is not to be replaced by the customer.

Danger of Explosion exists if the battery is incorrectly replaced. Replace only with

the same or equivalent type recommended by the manufacturer. Dispose of used

batteries according to the manufacturer's instructions.

Power Cord

If you will be using the Array with a power cord, you must use a UL-Approved

cord (supplied with the unit). Order new power cords from the Xirrus product

list—Xirrus supplies only UL-approved power cords.

Wi-Fi Array

Appendix F: Notices 435

Maximum Antenna Gain

Currently, the maximum antenna gain for external antennas is limited to 5.2dBi

for operation in the 2400MHz to 2483.5MHz, 5150MHz to 5250MHz and

5725MHz to 5825MHz bands. The antenna gains must not exceed maximum EIRP

limits set by the FCC / Industry Canada.

High Power Radars

High power radars are allocated as primary users (meaning they have priority) in

the 5150MHz to 5250MHz and 5650MHz to 5850MHz bands. These radars could

cause interference and/or damage to LELAN devices used in Canada.

Industry Canada Notice and Marking

This Class A digital apparatus complies with Canadian ICES-003.

Cet appareil numérique de la classe A est conforme à la norme NMB-003 du Canada.

The term “IC:” before the radio certification number only signifies that Industry

Canada technical specifications were met.

To reduce potential radio interference to other users, the antenna type and its gain

should be so chosen that the equivalent isotropically radiated power (EIRP) is not

more than that required for successful communication.

Wi-Fi Array

436 Appendix F: Notices

EU Directive 1999/5/EC Compliance Information

This section contains compliance information for the Xirrus Wi-Fi Array family of

products, which includes the XN16, XN12, XN8, XN4, XS16, XS12, XS8, XS4, XS-

3900, XS-3700 and XS-3500. The compliance information contained in this section

is relevant to the European Union and other countries that have implemented the

EU Directive 1999/5/EC.

Declaration of Conformity

Cesky [Czech] Toto zahzeni je v souladu se základnimi požadavky a

ostatnimi odpovidajcimi ustano veni mi SmČrnice

1999/5/EC.

Dansk [Danish] Dette udstyr er i overensstemmelse med de

væsentlige krav og andre relevante bestemmelser i

Direktiv 1999/5/EF.

Deutsch [German] Dieses Gerat entspricht den grundlegenden

Anforderungen und den weiteren entsprechenden

Vorgaben der Richtinie 1999/5/EU.

Eesti [Estonian] See seande vastab direktiivi 1999/5/EU olulistele

nöuetele ja teistele as jakohastele sätetele.

English This equipment is in compliance with the essential

requirements and other relevant provisions of

Directive 1999/5/EC.

Español [Spain] Este equipo cump le con los requisitos esenciales asi

como con otras disposiciones de la Directiva 1999/5/

CE.

ǼȜȜȘȞȣțȘ [Greek] ǹȣĲȩȗ Ƞ İȟȠʌȜĲıȝȩȗ İȓȞĮȚ ıİ ıȣȝȝȩȡĳȦıȘ ȝİ ĲȚȗ

ȠȣıȚȫįİȚȗ ĮʌĮȚĲȒıİȚȗ țĮȚ ȪȜȜİȗ ıȤİĲȚțȑȗ įȚĮĲȐȟİȚȗ ĲȘȗ

ȅįȘȖȚĮȗ 1999/5/EC.

Français [French] Cet appareil est conforme aux exigences essentielles

et aux autres dispositions pertinentes de la Directive

1999/5/EC.

Wi-Fi Array

Appendix F: Notices 437

Ďslenska [Icelandic] Þetta tæki er samkvæmt grunnkröfum og öðrum

viðeigandi ákvæðum Tilskipunar 1999/5/EC.

Italiano [Italian] Questo apparato é conforme ai requisiti essenziali ed

agli altri principi sanciti dalla Direttiva 1999/5/CE.

Latviski [Latvian] ŠƯ iekƗrta atbilst DirektƯvas 1999/5/EK bǌtiskajƗ

prasƯbƗm un citiem ar to saistƯtajiem noteikumiem.

Lietuviǐ [Lithuanian] Šis Ƴrenginys tenkina 1995/5/EB Direktyvos

esminius reikalavimus ir kitas šios direktyvos

nuostatas.

Nederlands [Dutch] Dit apparant voldoet aan de essentiele eisen en

andere van toepassing zijnde bepalingen van de

Richtlijn 1995/5/EC.

Malti [Maltese] Dan l-apparant huwa konformi mal-htigiet essenzjali

u l-provedimenti l-ohra rilevanti tad-Direttiva 1999/

5/EC.

Margyar [Hungarian] Ez a készülék teljesiti az alapvetö követelményeket

és más 1999/5/EK irányelvben meghatározott

vonatkozó rendelkezéseket.

Norsk [Norwegian] Dette utstyret er i samsvar med de grunnleggende

krav og andre relevante bestemmelser i EU-direktiv

1999/5/EF.

Polski [Polish] Urządzenie jest zgodne z ogólnymi wymaganiami

oraz sczególnymi mi warunkami okreĞlony mi

Dyrektywą. UE:1999/5/EC.

Portuguès [Portuguese] Este equipamento está em conformidade com os

requisitos essenciais e outras provisões relevantes da

Directiva 1999/5/EC.

Slovensko [Slovenian] Ta naprava je skladna z bistvenimi zahtevami in

ostalimi relevantnimi popoji Direktive 1999/5/EC.

Wi-Fi Array

438 Appendix F: Notices

Assessment Criteria

The following standards were applied during the assessment of the product

against the requirements of the Directive 1999/5/EC:

Radio: EN 301 893 and EN 300 328 (if applicable)

EMC: EN 301 489-1 and EN 301 489-17

Safety: EN 50371 to EN 50385 and EN 60601

CE Marking

For the Xirrus Wi-Fi Array (XN16, XN12, XN8, XN4, XS16, XS12, XS8, XS4,

XS-3900, XS-3700 and XS-3500), the CE mark and Class-2 identifier opposite are

affixed to the equipment and its packaging:

Slovensky [Slovak] Toto zariadenie je v zhode so základnými

požadavkami a inými prislušnými nariadeniami

direktiv: 1999/5/EC.

Suomi [Finnish] Tämä laite täyttää direktiivin 1999/5//EY olennaiset

vaatimukset ja on siinä asetettujen muiden laitetta

koskevien määräysten mukainen.

Svenska [Swedish] Denna utrustning är i överensstämmelse med de

väsentliga kraven och andra relevanta bestämmelser

i Direktiv 1999/5/EC.

Wi-Fi Array

Appendix F: Notices 439

WEEE Compliance

Natural resources were used in the production

of this equipment.

This equipment may contain hazardous

substances that could impact the health of the

environment.

In order to avoid harm to the environment and

consumption of natural resources, we

encourage you to use appropriate take-back

systems when disposing of this equipment.

The appropriate take-back systems will reuse

or recycle most of the materials of this

equipment in a way that will not harm the

environment.

The crossed-out wheeled bin symbol (in

accordance with European Standard EN 50419)

invites you to use those take-back systems and

advises you not to combine the material with

refuse destined for a land fill.

If you need more information on collection, re-

use and recycling systems, please contact your

local or regional waste administration.

Please contact Xirrus for specific information

on the environmental performance of our

Wi-Fi Array

440 Appendix F: Notices

National Restrictions

In the majority of the EU and other European countries, the 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz

bands have been made available for the use of Wireless LANs. The following table

provides an overview of the regulatory requirements in general that are

applicable for the 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz bands.

*Dynamic frequency selection and Transmit Power Control is required in these

frequency bands.

**France is indoor use only in the upper end of the band.

The requirements for any country may change at any time. Xirrus recommends

that you check with local authorities for the current status of their national

regulations for both 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz wireless LANs.

The following countries have additional requirements or restrictions than those

listed in the above table:

Belgium

The Belgian Institute for Postal Services and Telecommunications (BIPT) must

be notified of any outdoor wireless link having a range exceeding 300 meters.

Xirrus recommends checking at www.bipt.be for more details.

Draadloze verbindingen voor buitengebruik en met een reikwijdte van meer dan 300

meter dienen aangemeld te worden bij het Belgisch Instituut voor postdiensten en

telecommunicatie (BIPT). Zie www.bipt.be voor meer gegevens.

Frequency

Band (MHz)

Max Power Level

(EIRP) (mW) Indoor Outdoor

2400–2483.5 100 X X**

5150–5350* 200 X N/A

5470–5725* 1000 X X

Wi-Fi Array

Appendix F: Notices 441

Les liasons sans fil pour une utilisation en extérieur d’une distance supérieure à 300

mèters doivent être notifiées à l’Institut Belge des services Postaux et des

Télécommunications (IBPT). Visitez www.bipt.be pour de plus amples détails.

Greece

A license from EETT is required for the outdoor operation in the 5470 MHz to

5725 MHz band. Xirrus recommends checking www.eett.gr for more details.

Ǿ įȘ ȚȠȣȡȖȕȐȚțĲ ȦȞİȟȦĲİȡȚțȠ ȡȠȣıĲȘ ȗ ȞȘıȣ ȞȠĲ ĲȦȞ 5470–5725 ȂǾz İ ȚĲȡ İĲȐȚȦȞȠ

İĲȐȐ ȩȐįİȚȐ ĲȘȢ ǼǼȉȉ, Ƞȣ ȠȡȘȖİȕĲȐȚ ıĲİȡȐ Ȑ ȩ ı ĳȦȞȘ ȖȞ Ș ĲȠȣ īǼǼĬǹ. İȡȚııȩĲİȡİȢ

Ȝİ ĲȠȝ ȡİȚİȦıĲȠ www.eett.gr

Italy

This product meets the National Radio Interface and the requirements

specified in the National Frequency Allocation Table for Italy. Unless this

wireless LAN product is operating within the boundaries of the owner’s

property, its use requires a “general authorization.” Please check with

www.communicazioni.it/it/ for more details.

Questo prodotto é conforme alla specifiche di Interfaccia Radio Nazionali e rispetta il

Piano Nazionale di ripartizione delle frequenze in Italia. Se non viene installato

all’interno del proprio fondo, l’utilizzo di prodotti wireless LAN richiede una

“autorizzazione Generale.” Consultare www.communicazioni.it/it/ per maggiori

dettagli.

Norway, Switzerland and Liechtenstein

Although Norway, Switzerland and Liechtenstein are not EU member states,

the EU Directive 1999/5/EC has also been implemented in those countries.

Calculating the Maximum Output Power

The regulatory limits for maximum output power are specified in EIRP (radiated

power). The EIRP level of a device can be calculated by adding the gain of the

antenna used (specified in dBi) to the output power available at the connector

(specified in dBm).

Wi-Fi Array

442 Appendix F: Notices

Antennas

The Xirrus Wi-Fi Array employs integrated antennas that cannot be removed and

which are not user accessible. Nevertheless, as regulatory limits are not the same

throughout the EU, users may need to adjust the conducted power setting for the

radio to meet the EIRP limits applicable in their country or region. Adjustments

can be made from the product’s management interface—either Web Management

Interface (WMI) or Command Line Interface (CLI).

Operating Frequency

The operating frequency in a wireless LAN is determined by the access point. As

such, it is important that the access point is correctly configured to meet the local

regulations. See National Restrictions in this section for more information.

If you still have questions regarding the compliance of Xirrus products or you

cannot find the information you are looking for, please contact us at:

Xirrus, Inc.

2101 Corporate Center Drive

Thousand Oaks, CA 91320

USA

Tel: 1.805.262.1600

1.800.947.7871 Toll Free in the US

Fax: 1.866.462.3980

www.xirrus.com

Wi-Fi Array

Appendix F: Notices 443

Safety Warnings

Translated safety warnings appear on the following page.

!Safety Warnings

Read all user documentation before powering this device. All Xirrus

interconnected equipment should be contained indoors. This product is

not suitable for outdoor operation. Please verify the integrity of the

system ground prior to installing Xirrus equipment. Additionally,

verify that the ambient operating temperature does not exceed 50°C.

!Explosive Device Proximity Warning

Do not operate the XN16/XN12/XN8/XN4/XS16/XS12/XS8/XS4/

XS-3900/XS-3700/XS-3500 unit near unshielded blasting caps or in an

explosive environment unless the device has been modified to be

especially qualified for such use.

!Lightning Activity Warning

Do not work on the XN16/XN12/XN8/XN4/XS16/XS12/XS8/XS4/

XS-3900/XS-3700/XS-3500 or connect or disconnect cables during

periods of lightning activity.

!Circuit Breaker Warning

The XN16/XN12/XN8/XN4/XS16/XS12/XS8/XS4/XS-3900/XS-

3700/ XS-3500 relies on the building’s installation for over current

protection. Ensure that a fuse or circuit breaker no larger than 120 VAC,

15A (U.S.) or 240 VAC, 10A (International) is used on all current-

carrying conductors.

Wi-Fi Array

444 Appendix F: Notices

Translated Safety Warnings

Avertissements de Sécurité

!Sécurité

Lisez l'ensemble de la documentation utilisateur avant de mettre cet

appareil sous tension. Tous les équipements Xirrus interconnectés

doivent être installés en intérieur. Ce produit n'est pas conçu pour être

utilisé en extérieur. Veuillez vérifier l'intégrité de la terre du système

avant d'installer des équipements Xirrus. Vérifiez également que la

température de fonctionnement ambiante n'excède pas 50°C.

!Proximité d'appareils explosifs

N'utilisez pas l'unité XN16/XN12/XN8/XN4/XS16/XS12/XS8/XS4/

XS-3900/XS-3700/XS-3500 à proximité d'amorces non blindées ou dans

un environnement explosif, à moins que l'appareil n'ait été

spécifiquement modifié pour un tel usage.

!Foudre

N'utilisez pas l'unité XN16/XN12/XN8/XN4/XS16/XS12/XS8/XS4/

XS-3900/XS-3700/XS-3500 et ne branchez pas ou ne débranchez pas de

câbles en cas de foudre.

!Disjoncteur

L'unité XN16/XN12/XN8/XN4/XS16/XS12/XS8/XS4/XS-3900/XS-

3700/XS-3500 dépend de l'installation du bâtiment pour ce qui est de la

protection contre les surintensités. Assurez-vous qu'un fusible ou qu'un

disjoncteur de 120 Vca, 15 A (États-Unis) ou de 240 Vca, 10 A

(International) maximum est utilisé sur tous les conducteurs de

courant.

Wi-Fi Array

Appendix F: Notices 445

Software Warranty and License Agreement

THIS SOFTWARE LICENSE AGREEMENT (THE “AGREEMENT”) IS A LEGAL

AGREEMENT BETWEEN YOU (“CUSTOMER”) AND LICENSOR (AS DEFINED

BELOW) AND GOVERNS THE USE OF THE SOFTWARE INSTALLED ON THE

PRODUCT (AS DEFINED BELOW). IF YOU ARE AN EMPLOYEEbo OR AGENT

OF CUSTOMER, YOU HEREBY REPRESENT AND WARRANT TO LICENSOR

THAT YOU HAVE THE POWER AND AUTHORITY TO ACCEPT AND TO

BIND CUSTOMER TO THE TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF THIS AGREEMENT

(INCLUDING ANY THIRD PARTY TERMS SET FORTH HEREIN). IF YOU DO

NOT AGREE TO ALL OF THE TERMS OF THIS AGREEMENT RETURN THE

PRODUCT AND ALL ACCOMPANYING MATERIALS (INCLUDING ALL

DOCUMENTATION) TO THE RELEVANT VENDOR FOR A FULL REFUND OF

THE PURCHASE PRICE THEREFOR.

CUSTOMER UNDERSTANDS AND AGREES THAT USE OF THE SOFTWARE

SHALL BE DEEMED AN AGREEMENT TO THE TERMS AND CONDITIONS

GOVERNING SUCH SOFTWARE AND THAT CUSTOMER IS BOUND BY AND

BECOMES A PARTY TO THIS AGREEMENT.

1. Definitions

1.1 “Documentation” means the user manuals and all other all

documentation, instructions or other similar materials accompanying the

Software covering the installation, application, and use thereof.

1.2 “Licensor” means XIRRUS and its suppliers.

1.3 “Product” means a multi-radio access point containing four or more

distinct radios capable of simultaneous operation on four or more non-

overlapping channels.

1.4 “Software” means, collectively, each of the application and embedded

software programs delivered to Customer in connection with this

Agreement. For purposes of this Agreement, the term Software shall be

deemed to include any and all Documentation and Updates provided

with or for the Software.

1.5 “Updates” means any bug-fix, maintenance or version release to the

Software that may be provided to Customer from Licensor pursuant to

this Agreement or pursuant to any separate maintenance and support

agreement entered into by and between Licensor and Customer.

Wi-Fi Array

446 Appendix F: Notices

2. Grant of Rights

2.1 Software. Subject to the terms and conditions of this Agreement, Licensor

hereby grants to Customer a perpetual, non-exclusive, non-

sublicenseable, non-transferable right and license to use the Software

solely as installed on the Product in accordance with the accompanying

Documentation and for no other purpose.

2.2 Ownership. The license granted under Sections 2.1 above with respect to

the Software does not constitute a transfer or sale of Licensor's or its

suppliers' ownership interest in or to the Software, which is solely

licensed to Customer. The Software is protected by both national and

international intellectual property laws and treaties. Except for the

express licenses granted to the Software, Licensor and its suppliers retain

all rights, title and interest in and to the Software, including (i) any and all

trade secrets, copyrights, patents and other proprietary rights therein or

thereto or (ii) any Marks (as defined in Section 2.3 below) used in

connection therewith. In no event shall Customer remove, efface or

otherwise obscure any Marks contained on or in the Software. All rights

not expressly granted herein are reserved by Licensor.

2.3 Copies. Customer shall not make any copies of the Software but shall be

permitted to make a reasonable number of copies of the related

Documentation. Whenever Customer copies or reproduces all or any part

of the Documentation, Customer shall reproduce all and not efface any

titles, trademark symbols, copyright symbols and legends, and other

proprietary markings or similar indicia of origin (“Marks”) on or in the

Documentation.

2.4 Restrictions. Customer shall not itself, or through any parent, subsidiary,

affiliate, agent or other third party (i) sell, rent, lease, license or

sublicense, assign or otherwise transfer the Software, or any of

Customer's rights and obligations under this Agreement except as

expressly permitted herein; (ii) decompile, disassemble, or reverse

engineer the Software, in whole or in part, provided that in those

jurisdictions in which a total prohibition on any reverse engineering is

prohibited as a matter of law and such prohibition is not cured by the fact

that this Agreement is subject to the laws of the State of California,

Licensor agrees to grant Customer, upon Customer's written request to

Licensor, a limited reverse engineering license to permit interoperability

of the Software with other software or code used by Customer; (iii) allow

access to the Software by any user other than by Customer's employees

and contractors who are bound in writing to confidentiality and non-use

restrictions at least as protective as those set forth herein; (iv) except as

expressly set forth herein, write or develop any derivative software or

any other software program based upon the Software; or (v) use any

Wi-Fi Array

Appendix F: Notices 447

computer software or hardware which is designated to defeat any copy

protection or other use limiting device, including any device intended to

limit the number of users or devices accessing the Product.

3. Limited Warranty and Limitation of Liability

3.1 Limited Warranty & Exclusions. Licensor warrants that the Software will

perform in substantial accordance with the specifications therefor set

forth in the Documentation for a period of ninety [90] days after

Customer's acceptance of the terms of this Agreement with respect to the

Software (“Warranty Period”). If during the Warranty Period the

Software does not perform as warranted, Licensor shall, at its option,

correct the relevant Software giving rise to such breach of performance or

replace such Software free of charge. THE FOREGOING ARE

CUSTOMER'S SOLE AND EXCLUSIVE REMEDIES FOR BREACH OF

THE FOREGOING WARRANTY. THE WARRANTY SET FORTH

ABOVE IS MADE TO AND FOR THE BENEFIT OF CUSTOMER ONLY.

The warranty will apply only if (i) the Software has been used at all times

and in accordance with the instructions for use set forth in the

Documentation and this Agreement; (ii) no modification, alteration or

addition has been made to the Software by persons other than Licensor or

Licensor's authorized representative; and (iii) the Software or Product on

which the Software is installed has not been subject to any unusual

electrical charge.

3.2 DISCLAIMER. EXCEPT AS EXPRESSLY STATED IN THIS SECTION 3,

ALL ADDITIONAL CONDITIONS, REPRESENTATIONS, AND

WARRANTIES, WHETHER IMPLIED, STATUTORY OR OTHERWISE,

INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, ANY IMPLIED WARRANTIES

OR CONDITIONS OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A

PARTICULAR PURPOSE, SATISFACTORY QUALITY, ACCURACY,

AGAINST INFRINGEMENT OR ARISING FROM A COURSE OF

DEALING, USAGE, OR TRADE PRACTICE, ARE HEREBY

DISCLAIMED BY LICENSOR AND ITS SUPPLIERS. THIS DISCLAIMER

SHALL APPLY EVEN IF ANY EXPRESS WARRANTY AND LIMITED

REMEDY OFFERED BY LICENSOR FAILS OF ITS ESSENTIAL

PURPOSE. ALL WARRANTIES PROVIDED BY LICENSOR ARE

SUBJECT TO THE LIMITATIONS OF LIABILITY SET FORTH IN THIS

AGREEMENT.

3.3 HAZARDOUS APPLICATIONS. THE SOFTWARE IS NOT DESIGNED

OR INTENDED FOR USE IN HAZARDOUS ENVIRONMENTS

REQUIRING FAIL SAFE PERFORMANCE, SUCH AS IN THE

OPERATION OF A NUCLEAR FACILITY, AIRCRAFT NAVIGATION OR

COMMUNICATIONS SYSTEMS, AIR TRAFFIC CONTROLS OR OTHER

Wi-Fi Array

448 Appendix F: Notices

DEVICES OR SYSTEMS IN WHICH A MALFUNCTION OF THE

SOFTWARE WOULD RESULT IN FORESEEABLE RISK OF INJURY OR

DEATH TO THE OPERATOR OF THE DEVICE OR SYSTEM OR TO

OTHERS (“HAZARDOUS APPLICATIONS”). CUSTOMER ASSUMES

ANY AND ALL RISKS, INJURIES, LOSSES, CLAIMS AND ANY OTHER

LIABILITIES ARISING OUT OF THE USE OF THE SOFTWARE IN ANY

HAZARDOUS APPLICATIONS.

3.4 Limitation of Liability.

(a) TOTAL LIABILITY. NOTWITHSTANDING ANYTHING ELSE

HEREIN, ALL LIABILITY OF LICENSOR AND ITS SUPPLIERS

UNDER THIS AGREEMENT SHALL BE LIMITED TO THE

AMOUNT PAID BY CUSTOMER FOR THE RELEVANT

SOFTWARE, OR PORTION THEREOF, THAT GAVE RISE TO SUCH

LIABILITY OR ONE HUNDRED UNITED STATES DOLLARS

(US$100), WHICHEVER IS GREATER. THE LIABILITY OF

LICENSOR AND ITS SUPPLIERS UNDER THIS SECTION SHALL

BE CUMULATIVE AND NOT PER INCIDENT.

(b) DAMAGES. IN NO EVENT SHALL LICENSOR, ITS SUPPLIERS OR

THEIR RELEVANT SUBCONTRACTORS BE LIABLE FOR (A) ANY

INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, PUNITIVE OR CONSEQUENTIAL

DAMAGES, LOST PROFITS OR LOST OR DAMAGED DATA, OR

ANY INDIRECT DAMAGES, WHETHER ARISING IN CONTRACT,

TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE AND STRICT LIABILITY) OR

OTHERWISE OR (B) ANY COSTS OR EXPENSES FOR THE

PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES IN EACH

CASE, EVEN IF LICENSOR OR ITS SUPPLIERS HAVE BEEN

INFORMED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES.

3.5 Exclusions. SOME JURISDICTIONS DO NOT PERMIT THE

LIMITATIONS OF LIABILITY AND LIMITED WARRANTIES SET

FORTH UNDER THIS AGREEMENT. IN THE EVENT YOU ARE

LOCATED IN ANY SUCH JURISDICTION, THE FOREGOING

LIMITATIONS SHALL APPLY ONLY TO THE MAXIMUM EXTENT

PERMITTED IN SUCH JURISDICTIONS. IN NO EVENT SHALL

THE FOREGOING EXCLUSIONS AND LIMITATIONS ON

DAMAGES BE DEEMED TO APPLY TO ANY LIABILITY BASED

ON FRAUD, WILLFUL MISCONDUCT, GROSS NEGLIGENCE OR

PERSONAL INJURY OR DEATH.

Wi-Fi Array

Appendix F: Notices 449

4. Confidential Information

4.1 Generally. The Software (and its accompanying Documentation)

constitutes Licensor's and its suppliers' proprietary and confidential

information and contains valuable trade secrets of Licensor and its

suppliers (“Confidential Information”). Customer shall protect the

secrecy of the Confidential Information to the same extent it protects its

other valuable, proprietary and confidential information of a similar

nature but in no event shall Customer use less than reasonable care to

maintain the secrecy of the Confidential Information. Customer shall not

use the Confidential Information except to exercise its rights or perform

its obligations as set forth under this Agreement. Customer shall not

disclose such Confidential Information to any third party other than

subject to non-use and non-disclosure obligations at least as protective of

a party's right in such Confidential Information as those set forth herein.

4.2 Return of Materials. Customer agrees to (i) destroy all Confidential

Information (including deleting any and all copies contained on any of

Customer's Designated Hardware or the Product) within fifteen (15) days

of the date of termination of this Agreement or (ii) if requested by

Licensor, return, any Confidential Information to Licensor within thirty

(30) days of Licensor's written request.

5. Term and Termination

5.1 Term . Subject to Section 5.2 below, this Agreement will take effect on the

Effective Date and will remain in force until terminated in accordance

with this Agreement.

5.2 Termination Events. This Agreement may be terminated immediately

upon written notice by either party under any of the following

conditions:

(a) If the other party has failed to cure a breach of any material term or

condition under the Agreement within thirty (30) days after receipt of

notice from the other party; or

(b) Either party ceases to carry on business as a going concern, either

party becomes the object of the institution of voluntary or

involuntary proceedings in bankruptcy or liquidation, which

proceeding is not dismissed within ninety (90) days, or a receiver is

appointed with respect to a substantial part of its assets.

Wi-Fi Array

450 Appendix F: Notices

5.3 Effect of Termination.

(a) Upon termination of this Agreement, in whole or in part, Customer

shall pay Licensor for all amounts owed up to the effective date of

termination. Termination of this Agreement shall not constitute a

waiver for any amounts due.

(b) The following Sections shall survive the termination of this

Agreement for any reason: Sections 1, 2.2, 2.4, 3, 4, 5.3, and 6.

Agreement by Licensor, Customer shall upon Licensor's instructions

either return the Software and all copies thereof; all Documentation

relating thereto in its possession that is in tangible form or destroy the

same (including any copies thereof contained on Customer's

Designated Hardware). Customer shall furnish Licensor with a

certificate signed by an executive officer of Customer verifying that

the same has been done.

6. Miscellaneous

If Customer is a corporation, partnership or similar entity, then the license to

the Software and Documentation that is granted under this Agreement is

expressly conditioned upon and Customer represents and warrants to

Licensor that the person accepting the terms of this Agreement is authorized

to bind such entity to the terms and conditions herein. If any provision of this

Agreement is held to be invalid or unenforceable, it will be enforced to the

extent permissible and the remainder of this Agreement will remain in full

force and effect. During the course of use of the Software, Licensor may

collect information on your use thereof; you hereby authorize Licensor to use

such information to improve its products and services, and to disclose the

same to third parties provided it does not contain any personally identifiable

information. The express waiver by either party of any provision, condition

or requirement of this Agreement does not constitute a waiver of any future

obligation to comply with such provision, condition or requirement.

Customer and Licensor are independent parties. Customer may not export or

re-export the Software or Documentation (or other materials) without

appropriate United States, European Union and foreign government licenses

or in violation of the United State's Export Administration Act or foreign

equivalents and Customer shall comply with all national and international

laws governing the Software. This Agreement will be governed by and

construed under the laws of the State of California and the United States as

applied to agreements entered into and to be performed entirely within

California, without regard to conflicts of laws provisions thereof and the

parties expressly exclude the application of the United Nations Convention

on Contracts for the International Sales of Goods and the Uniform Computer

Wi-Fi Array

Appendix F: Notices 451

Information Transactions Act (as promulgated by any State) to this

Agreement. Suits or enforcement actions must be brought within, and each

party irrevocably commits to the exclusive jurisdiction of, the state and

federal courts located in Ventura County, California. Customer may not

assign this Agreement by operation of law or otherwise, without the prior

written consent of Licensor and any attempted assignment in violation of the

foregoing shall be null and void. This Agreement cancels and supersedes all

prior agreements between the parties. This Agreement may not be varied

except through a document agreed to and signed by both parties. Any printed

terms and conditions contained in any Customer purchase order or in any

Licensor acknowledgment, invoice or other documentation relating to the

Software shall be deemed deleted and of no force or effect and any additional

typed and/or written terms and conditions contained shall be for

administrative purposes only, i.e. to identify the types and quantities of

Software to be supplied, line item prices and total price, delivery schedule,

and other similar ordering data, all in accordance with the provisions of this

Agreement.

Wi-Fi Array

452 Appendix F: Notices

Hardware Warranty Agreement

PLEASE READ THIS AGREEMENT CAREFULLY BEFORE USING THIS

PRODUCT

BY USING THIS PRODUCT, YOU ACKNOWLEDGE THAT YOU HAVE READ

AND UNDERSTOOD ALL THE TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF THIS

AGREEMENT AND THAT YOU ARE CONSENTING TO BE BOUND BY THIS

AGREEMENT. IF YOU DO NOT AGREE TO ALL OF THE TERMS OF THIS

AGREEMENT, RETURN THE UNUSED PRODUCT TO THE PLACE OF

PURCHASE FOR A FULL REFUND.

LIMITED WARRANTY. Xirrus warrants that for a period of one year from the

date of purchase by the original purchaser (“Customer”): (i) the Xirrus Equipment

(“Equipment”) will be free of defects in materials and workmanship under

normal use; and (ii) the Equipment substantially conforms to its published

specifications. Except for the foregoing, the Equipment is provided AS IS. This

limited warranty extends only to Customer as the original purchaser. Customer's

exclusive remedy and the entire liability of Xirrus and its suppliers under this

limited warranty will be, at Xirrus' option, repair, replacement, or refund of the

Equipment if reported (or, upon request, returned) to the party supplying the

Equipment to Customer. In no event does Xirrus warrant that the Equipment is

error free or that Customer will be able to operate the Equipment without

problems or interruptions.

This warranty does not apply if the Equipment (a) has been altered, except by

Xirrus, (b) has not been installed, operated, repaired, or maintained in accordance

with instructions supplied by Xirrus, (c) has been subjected to abnormal physical

or electrical stress, misuse, negligence, or accident, or (d) is used in ultra-

hazardous activities.

DISCLAIMER. EXCEPT AS SPECIFIED IN THIS WARRANTY, ALL EXPRESS OR

IMPLIED CONDITIONS, REPRESENTATIONS, AND WARRANTIES

INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, ANY IMPLIED WARRANTY OF

MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE,

NONINFRINGEMENT OR ARISING FROM A COURSE OF DEALING, USAGE,

OR TRADE PRACTICE, ARE HEREBY EXCLUDED TO THE EXTENT

ALLOWED BY APPLICABLE LAW.

IN NO EVENT WILL XIRRUS OR ITS SUPPLIERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY LOST

REVENUE, PROFIT, OR DATA, OR FOR SPECIAL, INDIRECT,

CONSEQUENTIAL, INCIDENTAL, OR PUNITIVE DAMAGES HOWEVER

CAUSED AND REGARDLESS OF THE THEORY OF LIABILITY ARISING OUT

OF THE USE OF OR INABILITY TO USE THE EQUIPMENT EVEN IF XIRRUS

OR ITS SUPPLIERS HAVE BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH

DAMAGES. In no event shall Xirrus' or its suppliers' liability to Customer,

Wi-Fi Array

Appendix F: Notices 453

whether in contract, tort (including negligence), or otherwise, exceed the price

paid by Customer.

The foregoing limitations shall apply even if the above-stated warranty fails of its

essential purpose. SOME STATES DO NOT ALLOW LIMITATION OR

EXCLUSION OF LIABILITY FOR CONSEQUENTIAL OR INCIDENTAL

DAMAGES.

The above warranty DOES NOT apply to any evaluation Equipment made

available for testing or demonstration purposes. All such Equipment is provided

AS IS without any warranty whatsoever.

Customer agrees the Equipment and related documentation shall not be used in

life support systems, human implantation, nuclear facilities or systems or any

other application where failure could lead to a loss of life or catastrophic property

damage, or cause or permit any third party to do any of the foregoing.

All information or feedback provided by Customer to Xirrus with respect to the

Product shall be Xirrus' property and deemed confidential information of Xirrus.

Equipment including technical data, is subject to U.S. export control laws,

including the U.S. Export Administration Act and its associated regulations, and

may be subject to export or import regulations in other countries. Customer

agrees to comply strictly with all such regulations and acknowledges that it has

the responsibility to obtain licenses to export, re-export, or import Equipment.

This Agreement shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws

of the State of California, United States of America, as if performed wholly within

the state and without giving effect to the principles of conflict of law. If any

portion hereof is found to be void or unenforceable, the remaining provisions of

this Warranty shall remain in full force and effect. This Warranty constitutes the

entire agreement between the parties with respect to the use of the Equipment.

Manufacturer is Xirrus, Inc. 2101 Corporate Center Drive Thousand Oaks, CA

91320

Wi-Fi Array

454 Appendix F: Notices

Wi-Fi Array

Glossary of Terms 455

Glossary of Terms

802.11a

A supplement to the IEEE 802.11 WLAN specification that describes radio

transmissions at a frequency of 5 GHz and data rates of up to 54 Mbps.

802.11b

A supplement to the IEEE 802.11 WLAN specification that describes radio

transmissions at a frequency of 2.4 GHz and data rates of up to 11 Mbps.

802.11d

A supplement to the Media Access Control (MAC) layer in 802.11 to promote

worldwide use of 802.11 WLANs. It allows Access Points to communicate

information on the permissible radio channels with acceptable power levels for

user devices. Because the 802.11 standards cannot legally operate in some

countries, 802.11d adds features and restrictions to allow WLANs to operate

within the rules of these countries.

802.11g

A supplement to the IEEE 802.11 WLAN specification that describes radio

transmissions at a frequency of 2.4 GHz and data rates of up to 54 Mbps.

802.11n

A supplement to the IEEE 802.11 WLAN specification that describes

enhancements to 802.11a/b/g to greatly enhance reach, speed, and capacity.

802.1Q

An IEEE standard for MAC layer frame tagging (also known as encapsulation).

Frame tagging uniquely assigns a user-defined ID to each frame. It also enables a

switch to communicate VLAN membership information across multiple (and

multi-vendor) devices by frame tagging.

AES

(Advanced Encryption Standard) A data encryption scheme that uses three

different key sizes (128-bit, 192-bit, and 256-bit). AES was adopted by the U.S.

government in 2002 as the encryption standard for protecting sensitive but

unclassified electronic data.

Wi-Fi Array

456 Glossary of Terms

authentication

The process that a station, device, or user employs to announce its identify to

the network which validates it. IEEE 802.11 specifies two forms of authentication,

open system and shared key.

bandwidth

Specifies the amount of the frequency spectrum that is usable for data transfer. In

other words, it identifies the maximum data rate a signal can attain on

the medium without encountering significant attenuation (loss of power).

beacon interval

When a device in a wireless network sends a beacon, it includes with it a beacon

interval, which specifies the period of time before it will send the beacon again.

The interval tells receiving devices on the network how long they can wait in low

power mode before waking up to handle the beacon. Network administrators can

adjust the beacon interval—usually measured in milliseconds (ms) or its

equivalent, kilo-microseconds (Kmsec).

bit rate

The transmission rate of binary symbols ('0' and '1'), equal to the total number of

bits transmitted in one second.

BSS

(Basic Service Set) When a WLAN is operating in infrastructure mode, each access

point and its connected devices are called the Basic Service Set.

BSSID

The unique identifier for an access point in a BSS network. See also, SSID.

CDP

(Cisco Discovery Protocol) CDP is a layer 2 network protocol which runs on most

Cisco equipment and some other network equipment. It is used to share

information with other directly connected network devices. Information such as

the model, network capabilities, and IP address is shared. Wi-Fi Arrays can both

advertise their presence by sending CDP announcements, and gather and display

information sent by neighbors.

Wi-Fi Array

Glossary of Terms 457

cell

The basic geographical unit of a cellular communications system. Service

coverage of a given area is based on an interlocking network of cells, each with a

radio base station (transmitter/receiver) at its center. The size of each cell is

determined by the terrain and forecasted number of users.

channel

A specific portion of the radio spectrum—the channels allotted to one of

the wireless networking protocols. For example, 802.11b and 802.11g use 14

channels in the 2.4 GHz band, only 3 of which don't overlap (1, 6, and 11). In the 5

GHz band, 802.11a uses 8 channels for indoor use and 4 for outdoor use, none of

which overlap. In the U.S., additional channels are available, to bring the total to

24 channels.

CoS

(Class of Service) A category based on the type of user, type of application,

or some other criteria that QoS systems can use to provide differentiated classes of

service.

default gateway

The gateway in a network that a computer will use to access another network if

a gateway is not specified for use. In a network using subnets, a default gateway

is the router that forwards traffic to a destination outside of the subnet of

the transmitting device.

DHCP

(Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) A method for dynamically assigning IP

addresses to devices on a network. DHCP issues IP addresses automatically

within a specified range to client devices when they are first powered up.

DHCP lease

The DHCP lease is the amount of time that the DHCP server grants to the DHCP

client for permission to use a particular IP address. A typical DHCP server allows

its administrator to set the lease time.

Wi-Fi Array

458 Glossary of Terms

DNS

(Domain Name System) A system that maps meaningful domain names with

complex numeric IP addresses. DNS is actually a separate network—if one DNS

server cannot translate a domain name, it will ask a second or third until a server

is found with the correct IP address.

domain

The main name/Internet address of a user's Internet site as registered with

the InterNIC organization, which handles domain registration on the Internet. For

example, the “domain” address for Xirrus is: http://www.xirrus.com, broken

down as follows:

http:// represents the Hyper Text Teleprocessing Protocol used by all Web

pages.

www is a reference to the World Wide Web.

xirrus refers to the company.

com specifies that the domain belongs to a commercial enterprise.

DTIM

(Delivery Traffic Indication Message) A DTIM is a signal sent as part of a beacon

by an access point to a client device in sleep mode, alerting the device to a packet

awaiting delivery.

EAP

(Extensible Authentication Protocol) When you log on to the Internet, you're most

likely establishing a PPP connection via a remote access server. The password,

key, or other device you use to prove that you are authorized to do so is controlled

via PPP’s Link Control Protocol (LCP). However, LCP is somewhat inflexible

because it has to specify an authentication device early in the process. EAP allows

the system to gather more information from the user before deciding which

authenticator to use. It is called extensible because it allows more authenticator

types than LCP (for example, passwords and public keys).

Wi-Fi Array

Glossary of Terms 459

EDCF

(Enhanced Distributed Coordinator Function) A QoS extension which uses

the same contention-based access mechanism as current devices but adds “offset

contention windows” that separate high priority packets from low priority

packets (by assigning a larger random backoff window to lower priorities than to

higher priorities). The result is “statistical priority,” where high-priority packets

usually are transmitted before low-priority packets.

encapsulation

A way of wrapping protocols such as TCP/IP, AppleTalk, and NetBEUI in

Ethernet frames so they can traverse an Ethernet network and be unwrapped

when they reach the destination computer.

encryption

Any procedure used in cryptography to translate data into a form that can be

decrypted and read only by its intended receiver.

Fast Ethernet

A version of standard Ethernet that runs at 100 Mbps rather than 10 Mbps.

FCC

(Federal Communications Commission) US wireless regulatory authority.

The FCC was established by the Communications Act of 1934 and is charged with

regulating Interstate and International communications by radio, television, wire,

satellite and cable.

FIPS

The Federal Information Processing Standard (FIPS) Publication 140-2 establishes

a computer security standard used to accredit cryptographic modules.

The standard is a joint effort by the U.S. and Canadian governments.

frame

A packet encapsulated to travel on a physical medium, like Ethernet or Wi-Fi. If a

packet is like a shipping container, a frame is the boat on which the shipping

container is loaded.

Gigabit 1

The primary Gigabit Ethernet interface. See also, Gigabit Ethernet.

Wi-Fi Array

460 Glossary of Terms

Gigabit 2

The secondary Gigabit Ethernet interface. See also, Gigabit Ethernet.

Gigabit Ethernet

The newest version of Ethernet, with data transfer rates of 1 Gigabit (1,000 Mbps).

Group

A user group, created to define a set of attributes (such as VLAN, traffic limits,

and Web Page Redirect) and privileges (such as fast roaming) that apply to all

users that are members of the group. This allows a uniform configuration to be

easily applied to multiple user accounts. The attributes that can be configured for

user groups are almost identical to those that can be configured for SSIDs.

host name

The unique name that identifies a computer on a network. On the Internet,

the host name is in the form comp.xyz.net. If there is only one Internet site

the host name is the same as the domain name. One computer can have more than

one host name if it hosts more than one Internet site (for example, home.xyz.net

and comp.xyz.net). In this case, comp and home are the host names and xyz.net is

the domain name.

IPsec

A Layer 3 authentication and encryption protocol. Used to secure VPNs.

MAC address

(Media Access Control Address) A 6-byte hexadecimal address assigned by a

manufacturer to a device.

Mbps

(Megabits per second) A standard measure for data transmission speeds (for

example, the rate at which information travels over the Internet). 1 Mbps denotes

one million bits per second.

Wi-Fi Array

Glossary of Terms 461

MTU

(Maximum Transmission Unit) The largest physical packet size—measured in

bytes—that a network can transmit. Any messages larger than the MTU are

divided into smaller packets before being sent. Every network has a different

MTU, which is set by the network administrator. Ideally, you want the MTU to be

the same as the smallest MTU of all the networks between your machine and

a message's final destination. Otherwise, if your messages are larger than one of

the intervening MTUs, they will get broken up (fragmented), which slows down

transmission speeds.

NTP

(Network Time Protocol) An Internet standard protocol (built on top of TCP/IP)

that ensures the accurate synchronization (to the millisecond) of computer clock

times in a network of computers. Running as a continuous background client

program on a computer, NTP sends periodic time requests to servers, obtaining

server time stamps and using them to adjust the client's clock.

packet

Data sent over a network is broken down into many small pieces—packets—by

the Transmission Control Protocol layer of TCP/IP. Each packet contains the

address of its destination as well the data. Packets may be sent on any number of

routes to their destination, where they are reassembled into the original data. This

system is optimal for connectionless networks, such as the Internet, where there

are no fixed connections between two locations.

PLCP

(Physical Layer Convergence Protocol) Defined by IEEE 802.6, a protocol

specified within the Transmission Convergence layer that defines exactly how

cells are formatted within a data stream for a particular type of transmission

facility.

PoGE

This refers to the optional Xirrus XP1 Power over Gigabit Ethernet modules that

provide DC power to Arrays. Power is supplied over the same Cat 5e or Cat 6

cable that supplies the data connection to your gigabit Ethernet switch, thus

eliminating the need to run a power cable. See “Power over Gigabit Ethernet

Compatibility Matrix” on page 414 for a list of Xirrus PoGE modules and the

modules that are compatible with each Array.

Wi-Fi Array

462 Glossary of Terms

preamble

Preamble (sometimes called a header) is a section of data at the head of a packet

that contains information that the access point and client devices need when

sending and receiving packets. PLCP has two structures, a long and a short

preamble. All compliant 802.11b systems have to support the long preamble.

The short preamble option is provided in the standard to improve the efficiency

of a network's throughput when transmitting special data, such as voice, VoIP

(Voice-over IP) and streaming video.

private key

In cryptography, one of a pair of keys (one public and one private) that are created

with the same algorithm for encrypting and decrypting messages and digital

signatures. The private key is provided only to the requestor and never shared.

The requestor uses the private key to decrypt text that has been encrypted with

the public key by someone else.

PSK

(Pre-Shared Key) A TKIP passphrase used to protect your network traffic in WPA.

public key

In cryptography, one of a pair of keys (one public and one private) that are created

with the same algorithm for encrypting and decrypting messages and digital

signatures. The public key is made publicly available for encryption and

decryption.

QoS

(Quality of Service) QoS can be used to describe any number of ways in which

a network provider prioritizes or guarantees a service's performance.

RADIUS

(Remote Authentication Dial-In User Service) A client-server security protocol,

developed to authenticate, authorize, and account for dial-up users. The RADIUS

server stores user profiles, which include passwords and authorization attributes.

RSSI

(Received Signal Strength Indicator) A measure of the energy observed by an

antenna when receiving a signal.

Wi-Fi Array

Glossary of Terms 463

SDMA

(Spatial Division Multiple Access) A wireless communications mode that

optimizes the use of the radio spectrum and minimizes cost by taking advantage

of the directional properties of antennas. The antennas are highly directional,

allowing duplicate frequencies to be used for multiple zones.

SNMP

(Simple Network Management Protocol) A standard protocol that regulates

network management over the Internet.

SNTP

(Simple Network Time Protocol) A simplified version of NTP. SNTP can be used

when the ultimate performance of the full NTP implementation described in RFC

1305 is not needed or justified.

SSH

(Secure SHell) Developed by SSH Communications Security, Secure Shell is a

program to log into another computer over a network, to execute commands in a

remote machine, and to move files from one machine to another. The Array only

allows SSH-2 connections. SSH-2 provides strong authentication and secure

communications over insecure channels. SSH-2 protects a network from attacks,

such as IP spoofing, IP source routing, and DNS spoofing. Attackers who has

managed to take over a network can only force SSH to disconnect—they cannot

“play back” the traffic or hijack the connection when encryption is enabled. When

using SSH-2's slogin (instead of rlogin) the entire login session, including

transmission of password, is encrypted making it almost impossible for an

outsider to collect passwords. Be aware that your SSH utility must be set up to use

SSH-2.

SSID

(Service Set IDentifier) Every wireless network or network subset (such as a BSS)

has a unique identifier called an SSID. Every device connected to that part of the

network uses the same SSID to identify itself as part of the family—when it wants

to gain access to the network or verify the origin of a data packet it is sending over

the network. In short, it is the unique name shared among all devices in a WLAN.

Wi-Fi Array

464 Glossary of Terms

subnet mask

A mask used to determine what subnet an IP address belongs to. An IP address

has two components: (1) the network address and (2) the host address. For

example, consider the IP address 150.215.017.009. Assuming this is part of a Class

B network, the first two numbers (150.215) represent the Class B network address,

and the second two numbers (017.009) identify a particular host on this network.

TKIP

(Temporal Key Integrity Protocol) Provides improved data encryption by

scrambling the keys using a hashing algorithm and, by adding an integrity-

checking feature, ensures that the encryption keys haven’t been tampered with.

transmit power

The amount of power used by a radio transceiver to send the signal out. Transmit

power is generally measured in milliwatts, which you can convert to dBm.

User group

See Group.

VLAN

(Virtual LAN) A group of devices that communicate as a single network, even

though they are physically located on different LAN segments. Because VLANs

are based on logical rather than physical connections, they are extremely flexible.

A device that is moved to another location can remain on the same VLAN

without any hardware reconfiguration.

VLAN tagging

(Virtual LAN tagging) Static port-based VLANs were originally the only way to

segment a network without using routing, but these port-based VLANs could

only be implemented on a single switch (or switches) cabled together. Routing

was required to transfer traffic between unconnected switches. As an alternative

to routing, some vendors created proprietary schemes for sharing VLAN

information across switches. These methods would only operate on that vendor's

equipment and were not an acceptable way to implement VLANs. With the

adoption of the 802.11n standard, traffic can be confined to VLANs that exist on

Wi-Fi Array

Glossary of Terms 465

multiple switches from different vendors. This interoperability and traffic

containment across different switches is the result of a switch's ability to use and

recognize 802.1Q tag headers—called VLAN tagging. Switches that implement

802.1Q tagging add this tag header to the frame directly after the destination and

source MAC addresses. The tag header indicates:

1. That the packet has a tag.

2. Whether the packet should have priority over other packets.

3. Which VLAN it belongs to, so that the switch can forward or filter it

correctly.

WDS (Wireless Distribution System)

WDS creates wireless backhauls between arrays. These links between arrays may

be used rather than having to install data cabling to each array.

WEP

(Wired Equivalent Privacy) An optional IEEE 802.11 function that offers frame

transmission privacy similar to a wired network. The Wired Equivalent Privacy

generates secret shared encryption keys that both source and destination stations

can use to alter frame bits to avoid disclosure to eavesdroppers.

Wi-Fi Alliance

A nonprofit international association formed in 1999 to certify interoperability of

wireless Local Area Network products based on IEEE 802.11 specification. The

goal of the Wi-Fi Alliance's members is to enhance the user experience through

product interoperability.

Wi-Fi Array

A high capacity Wi-Fi networking device consisting of multiple radios arranged

in a circular array.

WPA

(Wi-Fi Protected Access) A Wi-Fi Alliance standard that contains a subset of the

IEEE 802.11i standard, using TKIP as an encryption method and 802.1x for

authentication.

Wi-Fi Array

466 Glossary of Terms

WPA2

(Wi-Fi Protected Access 2) WPA2 is the follow-on security method to WPA for

wireless networks and provides stronger data protection and network access

control. It offers Enterprise and consumer Wi-Fi users with a high level of

assurance that only authorized users can access their wireless networks. Like

WPA, WPA2 is designed to secure all versions of 802.11 devices, including

802.11a, 802.11b, 802.11g, and 802.11n, multi-band and multi-mode.

Xirrus Management System (XMS)

A Xirrus product used for managing large Wi-Fi Array deployments from a

centralized Web-based interface.

XP-3100

The Xirrus XP Power System (XP-3100) is a discontinued Xirrus product that

provides distributed DC power to multiple XS-3900 units.

XP1 and XP8—Power over Gigabit Ethernet modules

See PoGE.

XPS—Xirrus Power System

A family of optional Xirrus products that provides power over Gigabit Ethernet.

See PoGE.

Wi-Fi Array

Index 467

Index

Numerics

11n

see IEEE 802.11n 59

4.9 GHz Public Safety Band 282

802.11a 7, 9, 255, 267

802.11a/b/g 48

802.11a/b/g/n 17

802.11a/n 17, 107, 240

802.11b 7, 9, 269

802.11b/g 255, 269

802.11b/g/n 17, 107, 240

802.11e 19

802.11g 7, 9, 269

802.11i 9, 112, 176

802.11n

see IEEE 802.11n 59

WMI page 273

802.11p 19

802.11q 19

802.1x 9, 70, 79, 112, 176, 400

abg(n)

nomenclature 4

abg(n)2

intrusion detection 277

self-monitoring

radio assurance (loopback

mode) 278

AC power 69, 81, 83, 373, 376

Access Control List 209

Access Control Lists 400

access control lists (ACLs) 223

Access Panel 373, 376, 385

access panel

reinstalling 376

removing 373

ACLs 70, 209, 400

Address Resolution Protocol

window 138

Address Resolution Protocol (ARP)

264

Admin 400

Admin ID 215

admin ID

authentication via RADIUS 216

Admin Management 215

admin RADIUS account

if using Console port 216

admin RADIUS authentication 216

administration 112, 176, 209

Administrator Account 394

Advanced Encryption Standard 70,

400

advanced intrusion detection 277

AES 9, 18, 70, 79, 112, 176, 392, 400

allow traffic

see filters 289

approved

setting rogues 148

APs 79, 148, 233, 400

rogues, blocking 276

APs, rogue

see rogue APs 275

ARP filtering 264

ARP table window 138

Array 50, 86, 94, 95, 107, 120, 176, 183

connecting 86

dismounting 95

management 295

mounting 86

powering up 107

securing 94

Web Management Interface 120

ArrayOS

upgrade 297

Wi-Fi Array

468 Index

associated users 50

assurance (radio loopback testing) 275

authentication 18

of admin via RADIUS 216

authority

certificate 213, 221

auto negotiate 183

auto-blocking

rogue APs 276

auto-configuration 112, 260, 267, 269

channel and cell size 275

backhaul

see WDS 76

backup unit

see standby mode 275

band association 240

beacon interval 260

Beacon World Mode 260

beam distribution 17

benefits 16

blocking

rogue APs 276

blocking rogue APs 275

boot 297

broadcast 265

fast roaming 265

browser

certificate error 213, 221

BSS 398

BSSID 148, 398

buttons 124

capacity

of 802.11n 66

cascading style sheet

sample for web page redirect 301

cdp 322

CDP (Cisco Discovery Protocol)

settings 191

cdp CLI command 322

cell

sharp cell 275

cell size 50, 255, 389

auto-configuration 275

cell size configuration 275

certificate

about 213, 221

authority 213, 221

error 213, 221

install Xirrus authority 221

X.509 213, 221

channel

auto-configuration 275

configuration 275

list selection 275

public safety 275

channels 50, 148, 255, 260, 267, 269,

389

factory default 280

factory presets 281

non-overlapping 18

Chassis Cover 382

chassis cover 382

Cisco Discovery Protocol

see cdp 322

Cisco Discovery Protocol (CDP) 191

CLI 9, 79, 83, 110, 307

executing from WMI 303

using to upgrade software image

409

CLI commands

see commands 322

client

web page redirect 300

Command Line Interface 9, 75, 83, 107,

110, 307, 400

configuration commands 320

Wi-Fi Array

Index 469

getting help 309

getting started 309

inputting commands 309

sample configuration tasks 355

SSH 308

top level commands 311

command, utilities

ping, traceroute, RADIUS ping 301

commands

acl 320

admin 321

cdp 322

clear 323

configure 312

contact-info 324

date-time 325

dhcp-server 326

dns 327

file 328

filter 331

fips 333

group 334

hostname 334

https 335

interface 336

license 337

load 337

location 338

management 338

more 338

netflow 339

no 340

pci-audit 342

quit 343

radius-server 343

reboot 344, 353

reset 344

run-tests 345

security 347

show 315

snmp 348

ssh 348

ssid 350

standby 350

statistics 318

syslog 351

telnet 353

vlan 354

Community String 390

configuration 175, 400

express setup 176

reset to factory defaults 298

configuration changes

applying 126

configuration files

download 298

update from local file 298

update from remote file 298

connection

tracking window 140

Console port

Contact Information 417

contact information 417

coverage 50, 83

extended 17

coverage patterns 9

critical messages 123

CTS/RTS 267, 269

data rate 267, 269

data rates

increased by 802.11n 65

DC power 69, 83

default

preset channels 281

default gateway 112, 183

default settings 387

Default Value 391, 392

Wi-Fi Array

470 Index

DHCP 391

defaults

reset configuration to factory de-

faults 298

Delivery Traffic Indication Message

260

deny traffic

see filters 289

deployment 48, 57, 75, 79, 83, 400

ease of 19

examples 57

scenarios 57

DHCP 50, 110, 112, 176, 183, 390

default settings 391

leases window 139

DHCP Server 193

diagnostics

log, create file 299

DIMM 380

DIMM Memory Module 380

DIMM module

replacing 380

DNS 112, 176, 190

DNS domain 190

DNS server 190

Domain Name System 190

DTIM 260

DTIM period 260

duplex 183

dynamic VLAN

overridden by group 250

EAP 392, 400

EAP-MDS 18

EAP-PEAP 400

EAP-TLS 18, 70, 400

EAP-TTLS 18, 70, 400

EDCF 260

Encryption 392, 400

encryption 18

encryption method

recommended (WPA2 with AES)

211

setting 211

support of multiple methods 211

encryption method (encryption mode)

Open, WEP, WPA, WPA2, WPA-

Both 210

encryption standard

AES, TKIP, both 211

setting 211

End User License Agreement 81

Enterprise 2, 7, 400

WLAN 7

Enterprise Class Management 9

Enterprise Class Security 9

ESS 398

ESSID 398

Ethernet 83, 86, 94, 107, 110, 112, 176

EULA 81

event log

see system log 173

event messages 123

Express Setup 94, 112, 176

express setup 112, 176

Extended Service Set 398

Extensible Authentication Protocol 400

external RADIUS server 802.1x 47

factory default settings 387

factory defaults 389, 390, 391, 392, 394

DHCP 391

reset configuration to 298

factory preset

channels 281

factory.conf 298

fail-over

standby mode 275

Wi-Fi Array

Index 471

failover 67, 79

Fan 373, 376

FAQs 398

Fast Ethernet 83, 110, 176, 183, 387

fast roaming 19, 135, 265

about 254

features 16, 75, 183, 196, 197, 260, 400

and license key 297

Federal Information Processing Stan-

dard (FIPS)

see FIPS 425

feedback 124

filter list 290

filter name 291

filters 289, 290, 291

statistics 171

FIPS

CLI command 333

FIPS 140-2 Security 425

firewall 289

and port usage 72

FLASH 378

FLASH memory

replacing 378

FLASH Memory Module 378

fragmentation threshold 267, 269

frequently asked questions 398

FTP 400

FTP server 47

General Hints 397

getting started

express setup 176

Gigabit 83, 110, 112, 176, 183, 387

global settings 260, 267, 269

glossary of terms 455

Group

management 249

group 247

CLI command 334

VLAN overrides dynamic VLAN

250

Group Rekey 392

guard interval

short, for IEEE 802.11n 64

Help button 120

help button 124

host name 112, 120, 176, 190

hs.css 301

HTTPS

certificate, see certificate 221

HyperTerminal 46, 83

IAP 50, 107, 112, 176, 255, 267, 269,

283, 389

fast roaming 254

naming 4

settings 255

IAP LED 107, 283

IAP LED settings 283

IAPs

default channels 280

IEEE 7, 112, 176

IEEE 802.11n

capacity, increased 66

deployment considerations 59

guard interval, short 64

improved MAC throughput 64

increased data rates 65

MIMO 60

multiple data streams 62

spatial multiplexing 62

WMI page 273

IEEE 802.1Q 403

image

upgrade software image 297

Wi-Fi Array

472 Index

implementing Voice over Wi-Fi 48,

205, 237

installation 45, 80, 86, 369

installing the MCAP-3616 83

mounting the unit 86

requirements 45

unpacking the unit 81

workflow 80

installation workflow 80

Integrated Access Point Module 382

integrated radio module

replacing 382

interfaces 176

Web 119

Internet Explorer 46

intrusion detection 148, 277

configuration 275

setting as approved or known 148

IP Address 50, 112, 120, 126, 148, 176,

183, 190, 197, 200, 295, 390

IP Subnet Mask 112

key

license, setting 337

upgrade 297

key features 16

Keyboard Shortcuts 394

keyboard shortcuts 394

known

setting rogues 148

lastboot.conf 298

Layer 3

fast roaming 254

lease 390

Lease Time 390

leases, DHCP

viewing 139

LEDs 107

sequence 107

settings 283

license Key

upgrading 297

license key

setting 337

list, access control

see access control list 223

list, MAC access

see access control list 223

location information 112, 120, 176

log

diagnostics, create file 299

log messages

counters 124

log, system (event)

viewing window 173

logging in 110, 126

via Console port 216

web page redirect 300

logout 305

long retry limit 260

loopback

see radio assurance 367

loopback testing

radio assurance mode 275

MAC 70, 110, 398, 400

MAC Access Control Lists 70

MAC Access List 223

MAC address 223, 398, 400

MAC throughput

improved by IEEE 802.11n 64

Main System Memory 380

Management 394, 400

Wi-Fi Array

Index 473

management

of Arrays 295

Web Management Interface (WMI)

119

maximum lease 390

Maximum Lease Time 390

Megabit 112

Message Integrity Check 400

messages

syslog counters 124

MIC 18, 400

MIMO (Multiple-In Multiple-Out) 60

monitoring

intrusion detection 148

see intrusion detection 277

mounting 86

mounting plate 86, 94, 95

mounting the unit 86

MTU 183

size 183

multiple data streams 62

NAT

table - see connection tracking 140

Netflow 196

netflow

CLI command 339

Netscape Navigator 45, 46

network

interfaces 182

settings 183

network connections 83, 126, 400

network installation 45, 369

network interface ports 110

network interfaces 183, 387

network status

ARP table window 138

connection

tracking window 140

routing table window 138

viewing leases 139

Network Time Protocol 112, 176, 194

nomenclature 4

non-overlapping channels 18

NTP 112, 176, 194, 390

NTP Server 194

Open (encryption method) 210

optimization, VLAN 265

overview 9

passphrase 70, 112, 176

Password 394, 400

password 126

Payment Card Industry Data Security

Standard

see PCI DSS 419

PCI DSS 419

CLI command 342

pci-audit

CLI command 342

PDF 81

PEAP 18, 287

performance 16

Ping 295

ping 301

planning 67, 69, 70, 75

failover 67

network management 75

port failover 67

power 69

security 70

switch failover 67

WDS 76

PoGE 13, 45

see Power over Gigabit Ethernet 13

port failover 67

Wi-Fi Array

474 Index

port requirements 72

power cord 373

power distribution 13

power outlet 45

Power over Gigabit Ethernet 3, 13, 21,

27, 35, 40, 45, 69, 84

compatibility with Array models

414

Power over Gigabit Ethernet (PoGE) 13

power planning 69

Power Supply 373, 376, 385

power supply

replacing 385

power switch 373

pre-shared key 70, 79, 400

Print button 120

print button 124

probe

see Netflow 196

product installation 45, 369

product overview 9

product specifications 20, 27, 34, 39

PSK 79, 392

public safety band 282

public safety channels 275

PuTTY 45, 75, 112, 176, 400

PuTTy 46

QoS 19, 240, 391, 398, 462

conflicting values 239

levels defined 241, 250

priority 240

SSID 236, 241

about setting QoS 399

default QoS 391

user group 250

Quality of Service 19

see QoS 241, 250

Quick Install Guide 81

quick reference guide 387

quick start

express setup 176

radio

assurance (self-test) 278

radio assurance (loopback testing) 275

radio assurance (loopback) mode 278

radio distribution 16

radios

default channels 280

naming 4

RADIUS 9, 45, 70, 79, 209, 223, 390,

400

admin authentication 216

RADIUS Ping command 301

RADIUS Server 390

RADIUS server 47

README file 81

reauthentication 260

reboot 297

redirect (WPR) 300

registration card 81

remote DC power 13

Reset 295, 390

reset configuration

to factory defaults 298

intrusion detection 275

spectrum management 275

RF configuration 275

RF management

see channel 275

RF resilience 275

RFprotect, see XDM 277

roaming 19, 135, 265

roaming, fast 254

Rogue AP 9, 75, 148, 233, 400

rogue AP

Wi-Fi Array

Index 475

blocking 276

Rogue AP List 148

rogue APs

blocking 275

Rogue Control List 233

rogue detection 17

rogues

setting as known or approved 148

root command prompt 311

route

trace route utility 301

routing table window 138

RSSI 148

RTS 267, 269

RTS threshold 267, 269

sample Perl and CSS files for 300

save

with reboot 297

Save button 120

saved.conf 298

scalability 7

schedule

auto channel configuration 275

Secondary Port 390

Secondary Server 390

secret 390

Secure Shell 46

secure Shell 45

Security

FIPS 425

PCI DSS 419

security 9, 18, 209, 398, 400

certificate, see certificate 221

see group 247

self-monitoring 277

radio assurance 367

radio assurance options 278

self-test

radio assurance mode 278

serial port 46, 110, 400

server, VTun

see VTun 208

Service Set Identifier 112

Services 193, 373, 376, 398

servicing 371

servicing the unit 369

settings 176

setup, express 176

sharp cell 275

setting in WMI 280

short retry limit 260

signal processing

MIMO 61

SNMP 9, 14, 112, 176, 183, 193, 200,

390

required for XMS 200, 201

software

upgrade license key 297

software image

upgrading via CLI 409

Software Upgrade 295

software upgrade 297

spatial multiplexing 62

specifications 20, 27, 34, 39

spectrum (RF) management 275

speed 7, 110, 183

11 Mbps 7

54 Mbps 7

splash page

web page redirect 300

SSH 45, 46, 75, 112, 176, 183, 210, 394,

400

SSH-2 210

SSID 9, 112, 120, 148, 176, 233, 240,

391, 398, 403

about usage 399

QoS 236, 241

about using 399

Wi-Fi Array

476 Index

QoS, about usage 399

SSID Management 240, 391, 398

standby mode 275

static IP 112, 176, 183

station timeout period 260

Stations 398

stations

rogues 148

statistics 171

statistics per station 172

statistics 176

filters 171

netflow 196

per-station 172

stations 171

WDS 170

status bar 120, 124

submitting comments 124

subnet 45, 67, 112, 183

switch failover 67

synchronize 112, 176, 194

Syslog 112, 120, 176, 193, 197, 390

time-stamping 112

syslog messages

counters 124

Syslog reporting 197

Syslog Server 197

system commands

ping, trace route, RADIUS ping

301

System Configuration Reset 295

System Log 197

system log

viewing window 173

system memory

replacing 380

System Reboot 295

System Tools 295

system tools 296

T-bar 86

T-bar clips 86

TCP

port requirements 72

technical support

contact information 417

frequently asked questions 398

Telnet 210, 394, 400

Temporal Key Integrity Protocol 400

Time Out 390

time zone 112, 176, 194

timeout 260, 295

Tips 397

TKIP 18, 70, 79, 112, 176, 392, 400

tool

ping, trace route, RADIUS ping

301

Tools 295, 400

tools, system 296

trace route utility 301

traffic

filtering 289

transmit power 50, 389

Trap Host 390

trap port 200, 390

tunneled

fast roaming 265

tunnels

see VTun 205, 208

UDP

port requirements 72

Unit 86

attaching 86

mounting 86

unknown

setting rogues 148

unpacking the unit 81

Wi-Fi Array

Index 477

upgrade

license key 297

software image 297

upgrading software image

via CLI 409

UPS 45, 79

user group 247

QoS 250

user interface 119

utilities

ping, trace route, RADIUS ping

301

utility buttons 124

virtual tunnels

see VTun 208

VLAN 9, 79, 240, 391, 398, 403

broadcast optimization 265

dynamic

overridden by group 250

group (vs. dynamic VLAN) 250

VLAN ID 240

voice

fast roaming 254

implementing on Array 48, 205,

237

Voice-over IP 269

VoIP 269

VoWLAN 19

VPN 112, 176, 400

VTS

Virtual Tunnel Server 205, 208

VTun

specifying tunnel server 205, 208

understanding 205

wall thickness considerations 48

warning messages 123

WDS 285, 287

about 76

planning 76

statistics 170

WDS Client Links 287

Web interface

structure and navigation 123

web interface 119

Web Management Interface 75, 94,

107, 110, 126, 398

Web Management Interface (WMI) 119

web page redirect 300

install files for 300

remove files for 301

sample WPR files 301

WEP 18, 70, 112, 176, 209, 240, 392,

400

WEP (Wired Equivalent Privacy)

encryption method 211

Wi-Fi Protected Access 9, 70, 112, 176,

400

Wired Equivalent Privacy 112, 400

Wireless Distribution System 285

wireless LAN 7

wireless security 176

WLAN 176

WMI 9, 75, 79, 110, 119, 255

certificate error 213, 221

executing CLI commands 303

workflow 80

WPA 9, 79, 112, 176, 209, 240, 392, 400

WPA (Wi-Fi Protected Access) and

WPA2

encryption method 211

WPA2 9

WPR 300

wpr.pl 300, 301

X.509

Wi-Fi Array

478 Index

certificate 213, 221

Xirrus

certificate authority 221

Xirrus Defense Module (XDM) 277

Xirrus Management System 9, 14, 19,

SNMP required 200, 201

Xirrus Power over Gigabit Ethernet 45

Xirrus Power over Gigabit Ethernet

(PoGE) 13

Xirrus Remote DC Power System 2, 45,

Xirrus Roaming Protocol 19, 135, 265

Xirrus Wireless Management System

2, 45, 75, 400

XM-3300 2, 9, 45, 75, 79, 200, 400

XMS 9, 14, 19, 47

port requirements 72

setting IP address of 200

SNMP required 200, 201

XN Arrays

Cambium Networks XN4 Wireless LAN Array User Manual xirrus PDF

Xirrus, Inc. Wireless LAN Array xirrus PDF

Contents

User Manual 3

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