Cambium Networks XN4 Wireless LAN Array User Manual xirrus PDF

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Date Submitted	2009-02-17 00:00:00
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Wi-Fi Array
filter
The filter command [Xirrus_Wi-Fi_Array(config-filter)#] is used to manage
protocol filters and filter lists.
Command
add
add-list
del
del-list
edit
Description
Add a filter.
FORMAT:
filter add [name]
Add a filter list.
FORMAT:
filter add-list [name]
Delete a filter.
FORMAT:
filter del [name]
Delete a filter list.
FORMAT:
filter del-list [name]
Edit a filter.
FORMAT:
filter edit [name type]
edit-list
Edit a filter list
FORMAT:
filter edit-list [name type]
enable
Enable a filter list.
FORMAT:
filter enable
move
Change a filter priority.
FORMAT:
filter move [name priority]
The Command Line Interface
331
Wi-Fi Array
Command
off
Disable a filter list.
FORMAT:
filter off
on
Enable a filter list.
FORMAT:
filter on
reset
332
Description
Delete all protocol filters and filter lists.
FORMAT:
filter reset
The Command Line Interface
Wi-Fi Array
fips
The fips command [Xirrus_Wi-Fi_Array(config)# fips] is used to set the
parameter values required for FIPS 140-2, Level 2 security. For more information,
see Appendix E: Implementing FIPS Security.
Command
Description
disable
Reverts FIPS settings to the values they had before
performing a fips on command.
FORMAT:
fips disable
enable
Set FIPS security on the Array. Remembers the
values of parameters prior to setting them.
FORMAT:
fips enable
off
Reverts FIPS settings to the values they had before
performing a fips on command.
FORMAT:
fips off
on
Set FIPS security on the Array. Remembers the
values of parameters prior to setting them.
FORMAT:
fips on
The Command Line Interface
333
Wi-Fi Array
group
The group command [Xirrus_Wi-Fi_Array(config)# group] is used to create and
configure user groups. User groups allow administrators to assign specific
network parameters to users through RADIUS privileges rather than having to
map users to a specific SSID. Groups provide flexible control over user privileges
without the need to create large numbers of SSIDs. For more information, see
“Groups” on page 247.
Command
Description
add
Create a new user group.
FORMAT:
group add [group-name]
del
Delete a user group.
FORMAT:
group del [group-name]
edit
Set parameters values for a group.
FORMAT:
group edit [group-name]
reset
Reset the group.
FORMAT:
group reset
hostname
The hostname command [Xirrus_Wi-Fi_Array(config)# hostname] is used to
change the hostname used by the Array.
Command
hostname
334
Description
Change the hostname of the Array.
FORMAT:
hostname [name]
The Command Line Interface
Wi-Fi Array
https
The https command [Xirrus_Wi-Fi_Array(config)# https] is used to enable or
disable the Web Management Interface (https), which is enabled by default. It also
allows you to establish a timeout for your Web management session.
Command
Description
disable
Disable the https feature.
FORMAT:
https disable
enable
Enable the https feature.
FORMAT:
https enable
off
Disable the https feature.
FORMAT:
https off
on
Enable the https feature.
FORMAT:
https on
timeout
Define an elapsed period (in seconds) after which
the Web Management Interface will time out.
FORMAT:
https timeout 5000
The Command Line Interface
335
Wi-Fi Array
interface
The interface command [Xirrus_Wi-Fi_Array(config)# interface] is used to select
the interface that you want to configure. To see a listing of the commands that are
available for each interface, use the ? command at the selected interface prompt.
For example, using the ? command at the Xirrus_Wi-Fi_Array(config-gig1}#
prompt displays a listing of all commands for the gig1 interface.
Command
336
Description
console
Select the console interface. The console interface
is used for management purposes only.
FORMAT:
interface console
eth0
Select the Fast Ethernet interface. The Fast
Ethernet interface is used for management
purposes only.
FORMAT:
interface eth0
Note: To configure a static route for management
traffic, next enter:
static-route addr [ip-addr]
static-route mask [subnet-mask]
gig1
Select the Gigabit 1 interface.
FORMAT:
interface gig1
gig2
Select the Gigabit 2 interface.
FORMAT:
interface gig2
iap
Select an IAP.
FORMAT:
interface iap
The Command Line Interface
Wi-Fi Array
license
The license command [Xirrus_Wi-Fi_Array(config)# license] is used to set the
license key for the Array. A valid license is required for Array operation, and it
controls the features available on the Array.
Command

Description
Set the license for the Array.
FORMAT:
license 
When you enter the new key obtained from
Xirrus, simply hit the Enter key  to apply it.
load
The load command [Xirrus_Wi-Fi_Array(config)# load] loads a configuration
file.
Command
Description
factory.conf
Load the factory settings configuration file.
FORMAT:
load [factory.conf]
lastboot.conf
Load the configuration file from the last boot-up.
FORMAT:
load [lastboot.conf]
[myfile].conf
If you have saved a configuration, enter its name
to load it.
FORMAT:
load [myfile.conf]
saved.conf
Load the configuration file with the last saved
settings.
FORMAT:
load [saved.conf]
The Command Line Interface
337
Wi-Fi Array
location
The location command [Xirrus_Wi-Fi_Array(config)# location] is used to set the
location for the Array.
Command

Description
Set the location for the Array.
FORMAT:
location [newlocation]
management
The management command [Xirrus_Wi-Fi_Array(config)# management] enters
management mode, where you may configure console management parameters.
Command

Description
Enter management mode.
FORMAT:
management 
more
The more command [Xirrus_Wi-Fi_Array(config)# more] is used to turn terminal
pagination ON or OFF.
Command
338
Description
off
Turn OFF terminal pagination.
FORMAT:
more off
on
Turn ON terminal pagination.
FORMAT:
more on
The Command Line Interface
Wi-Fi Array
netflow
The netflow command [Xirrus_Wi-Fi_Array(config-netflow)#] is used to enable
or disable, or configure sending IP flow information (traffic statistics) to the
collector you specify.
Command
Description
disable
Disable netflow.
FORMAT:
netflow disable
enable
Enable netflow.
FORMAT:
netflow enable
off
Disable netflow.
FORMAT:
netflow off
on
Enable netflow.
FORMAT:
netflow on
collector
Set the netflow collector IP address or fully
qualified domain name (host.domain). Only one
collector may be set. If port is not specified, the
default is 2055.
FORMAT:
netflow collector host { | }
[port ]
The Command Line Interface
339
Wi-Fi Array
no
The no command [Xirrus_Wi-Fi_Array(config)# no] is used to disable a selected
element or set the element to its default value.
Command
acl
dot11a
dot11bg
https
Disable the Access Control List.
FORMAT:
no acl
Disable all 802.11a(n) IAPs (radios).
FORMAT:
no dot11a
Disable all 802.11bg(n) IAPs (radios).
FORMAT:
no dot11bg
Disable https access.
FORMAT:
no https
intrude-detect
Disable intrusion detection.
FORMAT:
no intrude-detect
management
Disable management on all Ethernet interfaces.
FORMAT:
no management
more
ntp
340
Description
Disable terminal pagination.
FORMAT:
no more
Disable the NTP server.
FORMAT:
no ntp
The Command Line Interface
Wi-Fi Array
Command
snmp
ssh
Description
Disable SNMP features.
FORMAT:
no snmp
Disable ssh access.
FORMAT:
no ssh
syslog
Disable the Syslog services.
FORMAT:
no syslog
telnet
Disable Telnet access.
FORMAT:
no telnet
ETH-NAME
Disable the selected Ethernet interface (eth0, gig1
or gig2). You cannot disable the console interface.
with this command.
FORMAT:
no eth0 (gig1 or gig2)
The Command Line Interface
341
Wi-Fi Array
pci-audit
The pci-audit command [Xirrus_Wi-Fi_Array(config)# pci-audit] checks the
configuration of the Array for conformance with PCI DSS standards. When you
enter the pci-audit command, it lists any settings that violate PCI DSS
requirements. In addition, if pci-audit is on (enabled), the Array will warn you if
you change any parameters in a way that violates PCI DSS requirements. For
example, if you enable pci-audit and then set encryption to none on an SSID (in
the CLI or the WMI), a warning will be displayed and a Syslog message will be
issued. For more information, see Appendix D: Implementing PCI DSS.
Command
342
Description
disable
The Array will not check configuration changes
for PCI DSS violations.
FORMAT:
pci-audit disable
enable
The Array reports any current settings that violate
PCI DSS, and will warn you and issue a Syslog
message if you attempt to save configuration
changes that violate PCI DSS.
FORMAT:
pci-audit enable
off
The Array will not check configuration changes
for PCI DSS violations.
FORMAT:
pci-audit off
on
The Array reports any current settings that violate
PCI DSS, and will warn you and issue a Syslog
message if you make configuration changes that
that violate PCI DSS.
FORMAT:
pci-audit on
The Command Line Interface
Wi-Fi Array
quit
The quit command [Xirrus_Wi-Fi_Array(config)# quit] is used to exit the
Command Line Interface.
Command

Description
Exit the Command Line Interface.
FORMAT:
quit
If you have made any configuration changes and
your changes have not been saved, you are
prompted to save your changes to Flash.
At the prompt, answer Yes to save your changes,
or answer No to discard your changes.
radius-server
The radius-server command [Xirrus_Wi-Fi_Array(config-radius-server)#] is
used to configure the external and internal RADIUS server parameters.
Command
Description
external
Configure an external RADIUS server.
FORMAT:
radius-server external
To configure a RADIUS server (primary,
secondary, or accounting server, by IP address or
host name), and the reporting interval use:
radius-server external accounting
internal
Configure the external RADIUS server.
FORMAT:
radius-server internal
use
Choose the active RADIUS server (either external
or internal).
FORMAT:
use external (or internal)
The Command Line Interface
343
Wi-Fi Array
reboot
The reboot command [Xirrus_Wi-Fi_Array(config)# reboot] is used to reboot the
Array. If you have unsaved changes, the command will notify you and give you a
chance to cancel the reboot.
Command
Description

Reboot the Array.
FORMAT:
reboot
delay
Reboot the Array after a delay of 1 to 60 seconds.
FORMAT:
reboot delay [n]
reset
The reset command [Xirrus_Wi-Fi_Array(config)# reset] is used to reset all
settings to their default values then reboot the Array.
344
Command
Description

Reset all configuration parameters to their factory
default values.
FORMAT:
reset
The Array is rebooted automatically.
preserve-ipsettings
Preserve all ethernet and VLAN settings and reset
all other configuration parameters to their factory
default values.
FORMAT:
reset preserve-ip-settings
The Array is rebooted automatically.
The Command Line Interface
Wi-Fi Array
run-tests
The run-tests command [Xirrus_Wi-Fi_Array(run-tests)#] is used to enter runtests mode, which allows you to perform a range of tests on the Array.
Command
Description

Enter run-tests mode.
FORMAT:
run-tests
iperf
Execute iperf utility.
FORMAT:
run-tests iperf
kill-beacons
Turn off beacons for selected single IAP.
FORMAT:
run-tests kill-beacons [off | iap-name]
kill-proberesponses
led
Turn off probe responses for selected single IAP.
FORMAT:
run-tests kill-probe-responses [off | iap-name]
LED test.
FORMAT:
run-tests led [flash | rotate]
memtest
Execute memory tests.
FORMAT:
run-tests memtest
ping
Execute ping utility.
FORMAT:
run-tests ping [host-name | ip-addr]
The Command Line Interface
345
Wi-Fi Array
Command
radius-ping
Description
Special ping utility to test the connection to a
RADIUS server.
FORMAT:
run-tests radius-ping [external | ssid ]
[primary | secondary] user  password
 auth-type [CHAP | PAP]
run-tests radius-ping [internal | server
 port  secret  ]
user  password  
auth-type [CHAP | PAP]
You may select a RADIUS server that you have
already configured (ssid or external or internal) or
specify another server (server).
rlb
Run manufacturing radio loopback test.
FORMAT:
run-tests rlb {optional command line switches}
self-test
Execute self-test.
FORMAT:
run-tests self-test {logfile-name (optional)]
site-survey
Enable or disable site survey mode.
FORMAT:
run-tests site-survey [on | off | enable | disable]
ssh
Execute ssh utility.
FORMAT:
run-tests ssh [hostname | ip-addr]
[command-line-switches (optional)]
tcpdump
Execute tcpdump utility to dump traffic for selected
interface or VLAN.
FORMAT:
run-tests tcpdump
346
The Command Line Interface
Wi-Fi Array
Command
telnet
Description
Execute telnet utility.
FORMAT:
run-tests telnet [hostname | ip-addr]
[command-line-switches (optional)]
traceroute
Execute traceroute utility.
FORMAT:
run-tests traceroute [host-name | ip-addr]
security
The security command [Xirrus_Wi-Fi_Array(config-security)#] is used to
establish the security parameters for the Array.
Command
Description
wep
Set the WEP encryption parameters.
FORMAT:
security wep
wpa
Set the WEP encryption parameters.
FORMAT:
security wpa
The Command Line Interface
347
Wi-Fi Array
snmp
The snmp command [Xirrus_Wi-Fi_Array(config-snmp)#] is used to enable,
disable, or configure SNMP.
Command
Description
v2
Enable SNMP v2.
FORMAT:
snmp v2
v3
Enable SNMP v3.
FORMAT:
snmp v3
trap
Configure traps for SNMP. Up to four trap
destinations may be configured, and you may
specify whether to send traps for authentication
failure.
FORMAT:
snmp trap
ssh
The ssh command [Xirrus_Wi-Fi_Array(config)# ssh] is used to enable or disable
the SSH feature. The Array only allows SSH-2 connections, so be sure that your
SSH client is configured to use SSH-2.
Command
348
Description
disable
Disable SSH.
FORMAT:
ssh disable
enable
Enable SSH.
FORMAT:
ssh enable
The Command Line Interface
Wi-Fi Array
Command
Description
off
Disable SSH.
FORMAT:
ssh off
on
Enable SSH.
FORMAT:
ssh on
timeout
Set the SSH inactivity timeout.
FORMAT:
ssh timeout 300 (in seconds)
The Command Line Interface
349
Wi-Fi Array
ssid
The ssid command [Xirrus_Wi-Fi_Array(config-ssid)#] is used to establish your
SSID parameters.
Command
Description
add
Add an SSID.
FORMAT:
ssid add [newssid]
del
Delete an SSID.
FORMAT:
ssid del [oldssid]
edit
Edit an existing SSID.
FORMAT:
ssid edit [existingssid]
reset
Delete all SSIDs and restore the default SSID.
FORMAT:
ssid reset
standby
The standby command [Xirrus_Wi-Fi_Array(config-ssid)#] sets this Array to
function as a standby unit for another Array.
Command
350
Description
mode
Enable or disable standby mode on this Array.
FORMAT:
standby mode [disable|enable|off|on]
target
Specify the MAC address of the target Array to be
monitored for failure.
FORMAT:
standby target [AA:BB:CC:DD:EE:FF]
The Command Line Interface
Wi-Fi Array
syslog
The syslog command [Xirrus_Wi-Fi_Array(config-syslog)#] is used to enable,
disable, or configure the Syslog server.
Command
Description
console
Enable or disable the display of Syslog messages
on the console, and set the level to be displayed.
All messages at this level and lower (i.e., more
severe) will be displayed.
FORMAT:
syslog console [on/off] level [0-7]
disable
Disable the Syslog server.
FORMAT:
syslog disable
email
Disable the Syslog server.
FORMAT:
syslog email from [email-from-address] 
level [0-7]
password [email-acct-password]
server [email-server-IPaddr] 
test [test-msg-text]
to-list [recipient-email-addresses]
user [email-acct-username]
enable
Enable the Syslog server.
FORMAT:
syslog enable
local-file
no
Set the size and/or severity level (all messages at
this level and lower will be logged).
FORMAT:
syslog local-file size [1-500] level [0-7]
Disable the selected feature.
FORMAT:
syslog no [feature]
The Command Line Interface
351
Wi-Fi Array
Command
off
Disable the Syslog server.
FORMAT:
syslog off
on
Enable the Syslog server.
FORMAT:
syslog on
primary
secondary
352
Description
Set the IP address of the primary Syslog server
and/or the severity level of messages to be
logged.
FORMAT:
syslog primary [1.2.3.4] level [0-7]
Set the IP address of the secondary (backup)
Syslog server and/or the severity level of
messages to be logged.
FORMAT:
syslog primary [1.2.3.4] level [0-7]
The Command Line Interface
Wi-Fi Array
telnet
The telnet command [Xirrus_Wi-Fi_Array(config)# telnet] is used to enable or
disable Telnet.
Command
Description
disable
Disable Telnet.
FORMAT:
telnet disable
enable
Enable Telnet.
FORMAT:
telnet enable
off
Disable Telnet.
FORMAT:
telnet off
on
Enable Telnet.
FORMAT:
telnet on
timeout
Set the Telnet inactivity timeout.
FORMAT:
telnet timeout 300 (in seconds)
uptime
The uptime command [Xirrus_Wi-Fi_Array(config)# uptime] is used to display
the elapsed time since you last rebooted the Array.
Command

Description
Display time since last reboot.
FORMAT:
uptime
The Command Line Interface
353
Wi-Fi Array
vlan
The vlan command [Xirrus_Wi-Fi_Array(config-vlan)#] is used to establish your
VLAN parameters.
Command
add
default-route
delete
edit
native-vlan
354
Description
Add a VLAN.
FORMAT:
vlan add [newvlan]
Assign a VLAN for the default route (for
outbound management traffic).
FORMAT:
vlan default-route [defaultroute]
Delete a VLAN.
FORMAT:
vlan delete [oldvlan]
Modify an existing VLAN.
FORMAT:
vlan edit [existingvlan]
Assign a native VLAN (traffic is untagged).
FORMAT:
vlan native-vlan [nativevlan]
no
Disable the selected feature.
FORMAT:
vlan no [feature]
reset
Delete all existing VLANs.
FORMAT:
vlan reset
The Command Line Interface
Wi-Fi Array
Sample Configuration Tasks
This section provides examples of some of the common configuration tasks used
with the Wi-Fi Array, including:
“Configuring a Simple Open Global SSID” on page 356.
“Configuring a Global SSID using WPA-PEAP” on page 357.
“Configuring an SSID-Specific SSID using WPA-PEAP” on page 358.
“Enabling Global IAPs” on page 359.
“Disabling Global IAPs” on page 360.
“Enabling a Specific IAP” on page 361.
“Disabling a Specific IAP” on page 362.
“Setting Cell Size Auto-Configuration for All IAPs” on page 363
“Setting the Cell Size for All IAPs” on page 364.
“Setting the Cell Size for a Specific IAP” on page 365.
“Configuring VLANs on an Open SSID” on page 366.
“Configuring Radio Assurance Mode (Loopback Tests)” on page 367.
To facilitate the accurate and timely management of revisions to this section, the
examples shown here are presented as screen images taken from a Secure Shell
(SSH) session (in this case, PuTTY). Depending on the application you are using
to access the Command Line Interface, and how your session is set up (for
example, font and screen size), the images presented on your screen may be
different than the images shown in this section. However, the data displayed will
be the same.
Some of the screen images shown in this section have been modified for clarity.
For example, the image may have been “elongated” to show all data without the
need for additional images or scrolling. We recommend that you use the Adobe
PDF version of this User’s Guide when reviewing these examples—a hard copy
document may be difficult to read.
As mentioned previously, the root command prompt is determined by the host
name assigned to your Array.
The Command Line Interface
355
Wi-Fi Array
Configuring a Simple Open Global SSID
This example shows you how to configure a simple open global SSID.
Figure 162. Configuring a Simple Open Global SSID
356
The Command Line Interface
Wi-Fi Array
Configuring a Global SSID using WPA-PEAP
This example shows you how to configure a global SSID using WPA-PEAP
encryption in conjunction with the Array’s Internal RADIUS server.
Figure 163. Configuring a Global SSID using WPA-PEAP
The Command Line Interface
357
Wi-Fi Array
Configuring an SSID-Specific SSID using WPA-PEAP
This example shows you how to configure an SSID-specific SSID using WPAPEAP encryption in conjunction with the Array’s Internal RADIUS server.
Figure 164. Configuring an SSID-Specific SSID using WPA-PEAP
358
The Command Line Interface
Wi-Fi Array
Enabling Global IAPs
This example shows you how to enable all IAPs (radios), regardless of the
wireless technology they use.
Figure 165. Enabling Global IAPs
The Command Line Interface
359
Wi-Fi Array
Disabling Global IAPs
This example shows you how to disable all IAPs (radios), regardless of the
wireless technology they use.
Figure 166. Disabling Global IAPs
360
The Command Line Interface
Wi-Fi Array
Enabling a Specific IAP
This example shows you how to enable a specific IAP (radio). In this example, the
IAP that is being enabled is a1 (the first IAP in the summary list).
Figure 167. Enabling a Specific IAP
The Command Line Interface
361
Wi-Fi Array
Disabling a Specific IAP
This example shows you how to disable a specific IAP (radio). In this example,
the IAP that is being disabled is a2 (the second IAP in the summary list).
Figure 168. Disabling a Specific IAP
362
The Command Line Interface
Wi-Fi Array
Setting Cell Size Auto-Configuration for All IAPs
This example shows how to set the cell size for all enabled IAPs to be autoconfigured (auto). (See “Fine Tuning Cell Sizes” on page 53.) The auto_cell option
may be used with global_settings, global_a_settings, or global_bg_settings. It
sets the cell size of the specified IAPs to auto, and it launches an autoconfiguration to adjust the sizes. Be aware that if the intrude-detect feature is
enabled on abg(n)2, its cell size is unaffected by this command. Also, any IAPs
used in WDS links are unaffected.
Auto-configuration may be set to run periodically at intervals specified by
auto_cell period (in seconds) if period is non-zero. The percentage of overlap
allowed between cells in the cell size computation is specified by auto_cell
overlap (0 to 100). This example sets auto-configuration to run every 1200 seconds
with an allowed overlap of 5%. It sets the cell size of all IAPs to auto, and runs a
cell size auto-configure operation which completes successfully.
Figure 169. Setting the Cell Size for All IAPs
The Command Line Interface
363
Wi-Fi Array
Setting the Cell Size for All IAPs
This example shows you how to establish the cell size for all IAPs (radios),
regardless of the wireless technology they use. Be aware that if the intrude-detect
feature is enabled on abg(n)2 the cell size cannot be set globally—you must first
disable the intrude-detect feature on abg(n)2.
In this example, the cell size is being set to small for all IAPs. You have the option
of setting IAP cell sizes to small, medium, large, or max. See also, “Fine Tuning
Cell Sizes” on page 53.
Figure 170. Setting the Cell Size for All IAPs
364
The Command Line Interface
Wi-Fi Array
Setting the Cell Size for a Specific IAP
This example shows you how to establish the cell size for a specific IAP (radio). In
this example, the cell size for a2 is being set to medium. You have the option of
setting IAP cell sizes to small, medium, large, or max (the default is max). See
also, “Fine Tuning Cell Sizes” on page 53.
Figure 171. Setting the Cell Size for a Specific IAP
The Command Line Interface
365
Wi-Fi Array
Configuring VLANs on an Open SSID
This example shows you how to configure VLANs on an Open SSID.
Setting the default route
enables the Array to send
management traffic, such as
Syslog messages and SNMP
information to a destination
behind a router.
Figure 172. Configuring VLANs on an Open SSID
366
The Command Line Interface
Wi-Fi Array
Configuring Radio Assurance Mode (Loopback Tests)
The Array uses the built-in monitor radio, IAP abg(n)2, to monitor other radios in
the Array. Tests include sending probes on all channels and checking for a
response, and checking whether beacons are received from the other radio. If a
problem is detected, corrective actions are taken to recover. Loopback mode
operation is described in detail in “Array Monitor and Radio Assurance
Capabilities” on page 406.
The following actions may be configured:
alert-only—the Array will issue an alert in the Syslog.
repair-without-reboot—the Array will issue an alert and reset radios at
the Physical Layer (Layer 1) and possibly at the MAC layer. The reset
should not be noticed by users, and they will not need to reassociate.
reboot-allowed—the Array will issue an alert, reset the radios, and
schedule the Array to reboot at midnight (per local Array time) if
necessary. All stations will need to reassociate to the Array.
off—Disable IAP loopback tests (no self-monitoring occurs). Radio
Assurance mode is off by default.
This is a global IAPs setting—abg(n)2 will monitor all other radios according to
the settings above, and it cannot be set up to monitor particular radios. Radio
assurance mode requires Intrusion Detection to be set to Standard.
The following example shows you how to configure a loopback test.
The Command Line Interface
367
Wi-Fi Array
Figure 173. Configuring Radio Assurance Mode (Loopback Testing)
368
The Command Line Interface
Wi-Fi Array
Appendices
369
Wi-Fi Array
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Appendix A: Servicing the Wi-Fi Array
This appendix contains procedures for servicing the Xirrus Wi-Fi Array, including
the removal and reinstallation of major hardware components. Topics include:
“Removing the Access Panel” on page 373.
“Reinstalling the Access Panel” on page 376.
“Replacing the FLASH Memory Module” on page 378.
“Replacing the Main System Memory” on page 380.
“Replacing the Integrated Access Point Radio Module” on page 382.
“Replacing the Power Supply Module” on page 385.
Always disconnect the power source from the Array before attempting to
remove or replace components. Never work on the unit with the power
connected.
You must be grounded and the work surface must be static-free.
Caution! The Array contains a battery which is not to be replaced by the
customer. Danger of Explosion exists if the battery is incorrectly replaced.
Power switch
AC power cord receptacle
Figure 174. Disconnecting Power from the Array
Most service activities are performed with the Array placed face-down on a
flat work surface. To avoid damaging the finished enclosure, we recommend
using a protective material between the work surface and the unit (a clean
sheet of paper will do the trick).
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Wi-Fi Array
See Also
Reinstalling the Access Panel
Removing the Access Panel
Replacing the FLASH Memory Module
Replacing the Integrated Access Point Radio Module
Replacing the Main System Memory
Replacing the Power Supply Module
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Wi-Fi Array
Removing the Access Panel
Use this procedure when you want to remove the system’s access panel. You must
remove this panel whenever you need to service the internal components of the
Array.
1.
Turn OFF the Array’s main power switch (XS-3900 and XS-3700 only).
2.
Disconnect the AC power cord or Ethernet cable supplying power from
the Array.
3.
Place the Array face-down on a flat surface. Avoid moving the unit to
reduce the risk of damage (scratching) to the finished enclosure.
4.
Remove the screws (3 places) that secure the access panel to the main
body of the Array.
Screw
Screw
Screw
Figure 175. Removing the Access Panel Screws
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Wi-Fi Array
5.
Lift up the access panel to reveal the main system board.
Lift up the access panel
Figure 176. Removing the Access Panel
6.
Disconnect the connectors to the power supply and the fan.
Fan connector
Power supply connector
Figure 177. Disconnecting the Power Supply and Fan
7.
374
The access panel can now be safely removed.
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Wi-Fi Array
See Also
Reinstalling the Access Panel
Replacing the FLASH Memory Module
Replacing the Integrated Access Point Radio Module
Replacing the Main System Memory
Replacing the Power Supply Module
Appendix A: Servicing the Wi-Fi Array
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Wi-Fi Array
Reinstalling the Access Panel
Use this procedure when you need to reinstall the access panel after servicing the
Array’s internal components.
1.
Reconnect the fan and power supply.
Fan connector
Power supply connector
Figure 178. Reconnecting the Fan and Power Supply
2.
Reinstall the access panel and secure the panel with the three screws.
Screw
! Do not
overtighten
Screw
! Do not
overtighten
Screw
! Do not
overtighten
Figure 179. Reinstalling the Access Panel
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Wi-Fi Array
3.
Reconnect the power source and turn ON the main power switch (if
applicable).
See Also
Removing the Access Panel
Replacing the FLASH Memory Module
Replacing the Integrated Access Point Radio Module
Replacing the Main System Memory
Replacing the Power Supply Module
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Wi-Fi Array
Replacing the FLASH Memory Module
Use this procedure when you want to replace the system’s FLASH memory
module.
1.
Remove the system’s access panel. Refer to “Removing the Access Panel”
on page 373.
2.
Remove the FLASH memory module, taking care not to “wiggle” the
module and risk damaging the connection points.
FLASH memory module
Figure 180. Removing the FLASH Memory Module
3.
378
The removal procedure is complete. You can now reinstall the FLASH
memory module (or install a new module).
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Wi-Fi Array
4.
Reinstall the access panel (refer to “Reinstalling the Access Panel” on
page 376).
See Also
Reinstalling the Access Panel
Removing the Access Panel
Replacing the Integrated Access Point Radio Module
Replacing the Main System Memory
Replacing the Power Supply Module
Appendix A: Servicing the Wi-Fi Array
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Wi-Fi Array
Replacing the Main System Memory
Use this procedure when you want to replace the main system memory.
1.
Remove the access panel (refer to “Removing the Access Panel” on
page 373).
2.
Remove the DIMM memory module, taking care not to “wiggle” the
module and risk damaging the connection points.
DIMM memory module
Push down on
the two locking
tabs to release
the DIMM
memory module
Figure 181. Removing the DIMM Memory Module
3.
The removal procedure is complete. You can now reinstall the DIMM
memory module (or install a new module). Ensure that the DIMM
memory module is seated evenly and the locking tabs are in the upright
position. The DIMM memory module is keyed to fit in its socket in one
direction only.
4.
Reinstall the access panel (refer to “Reinstalling the Access Panel” on
page 376).
See Also
Reinstalling the Access Panel
Removing the Access Panel
Replacing the FLASH Memory Module
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Wi-Fi Array
Replacing the Integrated Access Point Radio Module
Replacing the Power Supply Module
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Wi-Fi Array
Replacing the Integrated Access Point Radio Module
Use this procedure when you want to replace the integrated access point radio
module.
1.
Remove the access panel (refer to “Removing the Access Panel” on
page 373).
2.
Remove the locking screws (8 places) that secure the chassis cover to the
main body of the Wi-Fi Array.
Screws (8 places)
Figure 182. Removing the Chassis Cover Screws
3.
Lift and remove the chassis cover.
Remove the chassis cover
Figure 183. Removing the Chassis Cover
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Wi-Fi Array
4.
Lift the edge of the integrated access point module.
Lift here (do not force)
Figure 184. Lifting the Integrated Access Point Module
5.
Slide the integrated access point module away from the unit to disconnect
it from the main system board.
Disconnect the module
Figure 185. Disconnect the Integrated Access Point Module
6.
The removal procedure is complete. You can now reinstall the integrated
access point module (or install a new module).
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Wi-Fi Array
7.
Reinstall the chassis cover (see warnings).
When reinstalling the chassis cover, take care to align the cover correctly to
avoid damaging the antenna modules. Do not force the chassis cover onto the
body of the unit.
Do not overtighten the locking screws.
8.
Reinstall the locking screws (8 places) to secure the chassis cover in
place—do not overtighten.
9.
Reinstall the access panel (refer to “Reinstalling the Access Panel” on
page 376).
See Also
Reinstalling the Access Panel
Removing the Access Panel
Replacing the FLASH Memory Module
Replacing the Main System Memory
Replacing the Power Supply Module
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Wi-Fi Array
Replacing the Power Supply Module
Use this procedure when you want to replace the power supply module.
1.
Remove the access panel (refer to “Removing the Access Panel” on
page 373).
2.
Because the power supply unit is molded into the access panel, you must
install a new access panel assembly (with the power supply attached).
Refer to “Reinstalling the Access Panel” on page 376.
Access panel (with power supply and fan)
Figure 186. Installing a New Access Panel (with Power Supply)
See Also
Reinstalling the Access Panel
Removing the Access Panel
Replacing the FLASH Memory Module
Replacing the Integrated Access Point Radio Module
Replacing the Main System Memory
Appendix A: Servicing the Wi-Fi Array
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Wi-Fi Array
Use this Space for Your Notes
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Wi-Fi Array
Appendix B: Quick Reference Guide
This section contains product reference information. Use this section to locate the
information you need quickly and efficiently. Topics include:
“Factory Default Settings” on page 387.
“Keyboard Shortcuts” on page 394.
Factory Default Settings
The following tables show the Wi-Fi Array’s factory default settings.
Host Name
Setting
Host name
Default Value
Xirrus-WiFi-Array
Network Interfaces
Serial
Setting
Default Value
Baud Rate
115200
Word Size
8 bits
Stop Bits
Parity
No parity
Time Out
10 seconds
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Wi-Fi Array
Gigabit 1 and Gigabit 2
Setting
Default Value
Enabled
Yes
DHCP Bind
Yes
Default IP Address
10.0.2.1
Default IP Mask
255.255.255.0
Default Gateway
None
Auto Negotiate
On
Duplex
Full
Speed
1000 Mbps
MTU Size
1504
Management Enabled
Yes
Fast Ethernet
Setting
Enabled
Yes
DHCP Bind
Yes
Default IP Address
388
Default Value
10.0.1.1
Default IP Mask
255.255.255.0
Default Gateway
None
Auto Negotiate
On
Duplex
Full
Speed
100 Mbps
Appendix B: Quick Reference Guide
Wi-Fi Array
Setting
Default Value
MTU Size
1500
Management Enabled
Yes
Integrated Access Points (IAPs)
Setting
IAP abg2 Defaults
Enabled (Radio State)
Default Value
Enabled
Mode = Monitor
Channel = Monitor
Cell Size = Manual
Antenna = Internal-Omni
No
Mode
XS16, XS-3900
802.11a for a1 to a12
802.11bg for abg1 to abg4
XS12
802.11a for a1 to a8
802.11bg for abg1 to abg4
XS8, XS-3700
802.11a for a1 to a4
802.11bg for abg1 to abg4
XS4, XS-3500
802.11bg for abg1 to abg4
Channel
Auto
Cell Size
Max
Maximum Transmit Power
Antenna Selected
Appendix B: Quick Reference Guide
20
Internal
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Wi-Fi Array
Server Settings
NTP
Setting
Default Value
Enabled
No
Primary
time.nist.gov
Secondary
pool.ntp.org
Syslog
Setting
Enabled
Default Value
Yes
Local Syslog Level
Maximum Internal Records
Primary Server
Information
500
None
Primary Syslog Level
Secondary Server
Secondary Syslog Level
Information
None
Information
SNMP
Setting
Enabled
Yes
Read-Only Community String
xirrus_read_only
Read-Write Community String
xirrus
Trap Host
390
Default Value
null (no setting)
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Wi-Fi Array
Setting
Default Value
Trap Port
162
Authorization Fail Port
On
DHCP
Setting
Enabled
Default Value
No
Maximum Lease Time
300 minutes
Default Lease Time
300 minutes
IP Start Range
192.168.1.2
IP End Range
192.168.1.254
NAT
Disabled
IP Gateway
None
DNS Domain
None
DNS Server (1 to 3)
None
Default SSID
Setting
Default Value
ID
xirrus
VLAN
None
Encryption
Encryption Type
QoS
Enabled
Appendix B: Quick Reference Guide
Off
None
Yes
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Wi-Fi Array
Setting
Broadcast
Default Value
On
Security
Global Settings - Encryption
Setting
Enabled
Default Value
Yes
WEP Keys
null (all 4 keys)
WEP Key Length
null (all 4 keys)
Default Key ID
WPA Enabled
No
TKIP Enabled
Yes
AES Enabled
Yes
EAP Enabled
Yes
PSK Enabled
No
Pass Phrase
null
Group Rekey
Disabled
External RADIUS (Global)
Setting
Enabled
392
Default Value
Yes
Primary Server
None
Primary Port
1812
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Wi-Fi Array
Setting
Primary Secret
Default Value
xirrus
Secondary Server
Secondary Port
null (no IP address)
1812
Secondary Secret
Time Out (before primary server is
retired)
Accounting
null (no secret)
600 seconds
Disabled
Interval
300 seconds
Primary Server
None
Primary Port
1813
Primary Secret
xirrus
Secondary Server
None
Secondary Port
1813
Secondary Secret
null (no secret)
Internal RADIUS
Setting
Enabled
Default Value
No
The user database is cleared upon reset to the factory defaults. For the
Internal RADIUS Server you have a maximum of 1,000 entries.
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Wi-Fi Array
Administrator Account and Password
Setting
Default Value
ID
admin
Password
admin
Management
Setting
SSH
Default Value
On
SSH timeout
300 seconds
Telnet
Off
Telnet timeout
300 seconds
Serial
On
Serial timeout
300 seconds
Management over IAPs
http timeout
Off
300 seconds
Keyboard Shortcuts
The following table shows the most common keyboard shortcuts used by the
Command Line Interface.
Action
394
Shortcut
Cut selected data and place it on the
clipboard.
Ctrl + X
Copy selected data to the clipboard.
Ctrl + C
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Wi-Fi Array
Action
Shortcut
Paste data from the clipboard into a
document (at the insertion point).
Ctrl + V
Go to top of screen.
Ctrl + Z
Copy the active window to the
clipboard.
Copy the entire desktop image to the
clipboard.
Abort an action at any time.
Alt + Print Screen
Print Screen
Esc
Go back to the previous screen.
Access the Help screen.
See Also
An Overview
Appendix B: Quick Reference Guide
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Wi-Fi Array
Use this Space for Your Notes
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Wi-Fi Array
Appendix C: Technical Support
This appendix provides valuable support information that can help you resolve
technical difficulties. Before contacting Xirrus, review all topics below and try to
determine if your problem resides with the Wi-Fi Array or your network
infrastructure. Topics include:
“General Hints and Tips” on page 397
“Frequently Asked Questions” on page 398
“Array Monitor and Radio Assurance Capabilities” on page 406
“Upgrading the Array via CLI” on page 409
“Power over Gigabit Ethernet Compatibility Matrix” on page 414
“Contact Information” on page 417
General Hints and Tips
This section provides some useful tips that will optimize the reliability and
performance of your Wi-Fi Arrays.
The Wi-Fi Array requires careful handling. For best performance, units
should be mounted in a dust-free and temperature-controlled
environment.
If using multiple Arrays in the same area, maintain a distance of at least
100 feet (30m) between Arrays if there is direct line-of-sight between the
units, or at least 50 feet (15 m) if a wall or other barrier exists between the
units.
Keep the Wi-Fi Array away from electrical devices or appliances that
generate RF noise. Because the Array is generally mounted on ceilings, be
aware of its position relative to lighting (especially fluorescent lighting).
If using AC power, each Wi-Fi Array requires its own dedicated AC
power outlet. Do not attempt to “piggy-back” AC power to multiple
units. To avoid needing to run separate power cables to one or more
Arrays, consider using Power over Gigabit Ethernet.
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Wi-Fi Array
If you are deploying multiple units, the Array should be oriented so that
the abg(n)2 radio is oriented in the direction of the least required
coverage, because when in monitor mode the abg(n)2 radio does not
function as an AP servicing stations.
The Wi-Fi Array should only be used with Wi-Fi certified client devices.
See Also
Contact Information
Multiple SSIDs
Security
VLAN Support
Frequently Asked Questions
This section answers some of the most frequently asked questions, organized by
functional area.
Multiple SSIDs
Q. What Are BSSIDs and SSIDs?
A. BSSID (Basic Service Set Identifier) refers to an individual access point
radio and its associated clients. The identifier is the MAC address of the
access point radio that forms the BSS.
A group of BSSs can be formed to allow stations in one BSS to
communicate to stations in another BSS by way of a backbone that
interconnects each access point.
The Extended Service Set (ESS) refers to the group of BSSIDs that are
grouped together to form one ESS. The ESSID (often referred to as SSID or
“wireless network name”) identifies the Extended Service Set. Clients
must associate to a single ESS at any given time. Clients ignore traffic
from other Extended Service Sets that do not have the same SSID.
Legacy access points typically support one SSID per access point. Xirrus
Wi-Fi Arrays support the ability for multiple SSIDs to be defined and
used simultaneously.
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Q. What would I use SSIDs for?
A. The creation of different wireless network names allows system
administrators to separate types of users with different requirements. The
following policies can be tied to an SSID:
Minimum security required to join this SSID.
The wireless Quality of Service (QoS) desired for this SSID.
The wired VLAN associated with this SSID.
As an example, one SSID named accounting might require the highest
level of security, while another SSID named guests might have low
security requirements.
Another example may define an SSID named voice that supports voice
over Wireless LAN phones with the highest possible Quality of Service
(QoS) definition. This type of SSID might also forward traffic to specific
VLANs on the wired network.
Q. How do I set up SSIDs?
A. Use the following procedure as a guideline. For more detailed
information, go to “SSIDs” on page 235.
1.
From the Web Management Interface, go to the SSID
Management page.
2.
Select Yes to make the SSID visible to all clients on the network.
Although the Wi-Fi Array will not broadcast SSIDs that are
hidden, clients can still associate to a hidden SSID if they know
the SSID name to connect to it.
3.
Select the minimum security that will be required by users for
this SSID.
4.
If desired (optional), select a Quality of Service (QoS) setting for
this SSID. The QoS setting you define here will prioritize wireless
traffic for this SSID over other SSID wireless traffic.
5.
If desired (optional), select a VLAN that you want this traffic to
be forwarded to on the wired network.
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Wi-Fi Array
6.
If desired (optional), you can select which radios this SSID will
not be available on—the default is to make this SSID available on
all radios.
7.
Click on the Apply button to apply your changes to this session.
8.
Click on the Save button to save your changes.
9.
If you need to edit any of the SSID settings, you can do so from
the SSID Management page.
See Also
Contact Information
General Hints and Tips
Security
SSIDs
SSID Management
VLAN Support
Security
Q. How do I ensure that an Array meets FIPS requirements?
A. To meet the Level 2 security requirements of FIPS 140-2, follow the
instructions in Appendix E: Implementing FIPS Security.
Q. How do I ensure that an Array meets PCI DSS requirements?
A. To meet PCI DSS requirements, follow the instructions in Appendix D:
Implementing PCI DSS.
Q. How do I know my management session is secure?
A. Follow these guidelines:
400
Administrator passwords
Always change the default administrator password (the default
is admin), and choose a strong replacement password. When
appropriate, issue read only administrator accounts.
SSH versus Telnet
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Wi-Fi Array
Be aware that Telnet is not secure over network connections and
should be used only with a direct serial port connection. When
connecting to the unit’s Command Line Interface over a network
connection, you must use a Secure SHell (SSH) utility. The most
commonly used freeware providing SSH tools is PuTTY. The
Array only allows SSH-2 connections, so your SSH utility must
be set up to use SSH-2.
Configuration auditing
Do not change approved configuration settings. The optional
Xirrus Management System (XMS) offers powerful management
features for small or large Wi-Fi Array deployments, and can
audit your configuration settings automatically. In addition,
using the XMS eliminates the need for an FTP server.
Q. Which wireless data encryption method should I use?
A. Wireless data encryption prevents eavesdropping on data being
transmitted or received over the airwaves. The Wi-Fi Array allows you to
establish the following data encryption configuration options:
Open
This option offers no data encryption and is not recommended,
though you might choose this option if clients are required to use
a VPN connection through a secure SSH utility, like PuTTy.
WEP (Wired Equivalent Privacy)
This option provides minimal protection (though much better
than using an open network). An early standard for wireless data
encryption and supported by all Wi-Fi certified equipment, WEP
is vulnerable to hacking and is therefore not recommended for
use by Enterprise networks.
WPA (Wi-Fi Protected Access)
This is a much stronger encryption model than WEP and uses
TKIP (Temporal Key Integrity Protocol) with AES (Advanced
Encryption Standard) to prevent WEP cracks.
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Wi-Fi Array
TKIP solves security issues with WEP. It also allows you to
establish encryption keys on a per-user-basis, with key rotation
for added security. In addition, TKIP provides Message Integrity
Check (MIC) functionality and prevents active attacks on the
wireless network.
AES is the strongest encryption standard and is used by
government agencies; however, old legacy hardware may not be
capable of supporting the AES mode (it probably won’t work on
older wireless clients). Because AES is the strongest encryption
standard currently available, it is highly recommended for
Enterprise networks.
Any of the above encryption modes can be used (and can be used at
the same time).
Q. Which user authentication method should I use?
A. User authentication ensures that users are who they say they are. For
example, the most obvious example of authentication is logging in with a
user name and password. The Wi-Fi Array allows you to choose between
the following user authentication methods:
Pre-Shared Key
Users must manually enter a key (pass phrase) on the client side
of the wireless network that matches the key stored by the
administrator in your Wi-Fi Arrays.
RADIUS 802.1x with EAP
802.1x uses a RADIUS server to authenticate large numbers of
clients, and can handle different EAP (Extensible Authentication
Protocol) authentication methods, including EAP-TLS, EAPTTLS and EAP-PEAP. The RADIUS server can be internal
(provided by the Wi-Fi Array) or external. An external RADIUS
server offers more functionality and is recommended for large
Enterprise deployments.
When using this method, user names and passwords must be
entered into the RADIUS server for user authentication.
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MAC Address ACLs (Access Control Lists)
MAC address ACLs provide a list of client adapter MAC
addresses that are allowed or denied access to the wireless
network. Access Control Lists work well when there are a limited
number of users—in this case, enter the MAC addresses of each
user in the Allow list. In the event of a lost or stolen MAC
adapter, enter the affected MAC address in the Deny list.
Q. Why do I need to authenticate my Wi-Fi Array units?
A. When deploying multiple Wi-Fi Arrays, you may need to define which
units are part of which wireless network (for example, if you are
establishing more than one network). In this case, you need to employ the
Xirrus Management System (XMS) which can authenticate your Arrays
automatically and ensure that only authorized units are associated with
the defined wireless network.
Q. What is rogue AP (Access Point) detection?
A. The Wi-Fi Array has a dedicated radio, IAP abg(n)2, which constantly
scans the local wireless environment for rogue APs (non-Xirrus devices
that are not part of your wireless network), unencrypted transmissions,
and other security issues. Administrators can then classify each rogue AP
and ensure that these devices do not interrupt or interfere with the
network.
See Also
Contact Information
General Hints and Tips
Multiple SSIDs
VLAN Support
VLAN Support
Q. What Are VLANs?
A. VLANs (Virtual Local Area Networks) are a logical grouping of network
devices that share a common network broadcast domain. Members of a
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Wi-Fi Array
particular VLAN can be on any segment of the physical network but
logically only members of a particular VLAN can see each other.
VLANs are defined and implemented using the wired network switches
that are VLAN capable. Packets are tagged for transmission on a
particular VLAN according to the IEEE 802.1Q standard, with VLAN
switches processing packets according to the tag.
Q. What would I use VLANs for?
A. Logically separating different types of users, systems, applications, or
other logical division aids in performance and management of different
network devices. Different VLANs can also be assigned with different
packet priorities to prioritize packets from one VLAN over packets from
another VLAN.
VLANs are managed by software settings—instead of physically
plugging in and moving network cables and users—which helps to ease
network management tasks.
Q. What are Wireless VLANs?
A. Wireless VLANs allow similar functionality to the wired VLAN
definitions and extend the operation of wired VLANs to the wireless side
of the network.
Wireless VLANs can be mapped to wireless SSIDs so that traffic from
wired VLANs can be sent to wireless users of a particular SSID. The
reverse is also true, where wireless traffic originating from a particular
SSID can be tagged for transmission on a particular wired VLAN.
Sixteen SSIDs can be defined on your Wi-Fi Array, allowing a total of
sixteen VLANs to be accessed (one per SSID).
As an example, to provide guest user access an SSID of guest might be
created. This SSID could be mapped to a wired VLAN that segregates
unknown users from the rest of the wired network and restricts them to
Internet access only. Wireless users could then associate to the wireless
network via the guest SSID and obtain access to the Internet through the
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selected VLAN, but would be able to access other privileged network
resources.
See Also
Contact Information
General Hints and Tips
Multiple SSIDs
Security
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Wi-Fi Array
Array Monitor and Radio Assurance Capabilities
All models of the Wi-Fi Array have a monitor radio, abg(n)2, that checks that the
Array’s radios are functioning correctly, and acts as a dedicated threat sensor to
detect and prevent intrusion from rogue access points.
Enabling Monitoring on the Array
IAP abg(n)2 may be set to monitor the Array or to be a normal IAP radio. In order
to enable the functions required for intrusion detection and for monitoring the
other Array radios, you must configure abg(n)2 on the IAP Settings window as
follows:
Check the Enabled checkbox.
Set Mode to Monitor.
Set Channel to Monitor.
The settings above will automatically set the Antenna selection to
Internal-Omni., also required for monitoring. See the “IAP Settings” on page 255
for more details. The values above are the factory default settings for the Array.
How Monitoring Works
When the monitor radio abg(n)2 has been configured as just described, it
performs these steps continuously (24/7) to check the other radios on the Array
and detect possible intrusions:
1.
The monitor radio scans all channels with a 200ms dwell time, hitting all
channels about once every 10 seconds.
2.
Each time it tunes to a new channel it sends out a probe request in an
attempt to smoke out rogues.
3.
It then listens for all probe responses and beacons to detect any rogues
within earshot.
4.
Array radios respond to that probe request with a probe response.
Intrusion Detection is enabled or disabled separately from monitoring. See Step 1
in “Advanced RF Settings” on page 275. Note that the Advanced setting is only
used with the optional Xirrus Defense Module (XDM) software package.
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Radio Assurance
The Array is capable of performing continuous, comprehensive tests on its radios
to assure that they are operating properly. Testing is enabled using the Radio
Assurance Mode setting on the Advanced RF Settings window (Step 5 in
“Advanced RF Settings” on page 275). When this mode is enabled, IAP abg(n)2
performs loopback tests on the Array. Radio Assurance Mode requires Intrusion
Detection to be set to Standard (See Step 1 in “Advanced RF Settings” on
page 275).
When Radio Assurance Mode is enabled:
1.
The Array keeps track of whether or not it hears beacons and probe
responses from the Array’s radios.
2.
After 10 minutes (roughly 60 passes on a particular channel by the
monitor radio), if it has not heard beacons or probe responses from one of
the Array’s radios it issues an alert in the Syslog. If repair is allowed (see
“Radio Assurance Options” on page 408), the Array will reset and
reprogram that particular radio at the Physical Layer (PHY—Layer 1).
This action takes under 100ms and stations are not deauthenticated, thus
users should not be impacted.
3.
After another 10 minutes (roughly another 60 passes), if the monitor still
has not heard beacons or probe responses from the malfunctioning radio
it will again issue an alert in the Syslog. If repair is allowed, the Array will
reset and reprogram the MAC (the lower sublayer of the Data Link Layer)
and then all of the PHYs. This is a global action that affects all radios. This
action takes roughly 300ms and stations are not deauthenticated, thus
users should not be impacted.
4.
After another 10 minutes, if the monitor still has not heard beacons or
probe responses from that radio, it will again syslog the issue. If reboot is
allowed (see “Radio Assurance Options” on page 408), the Array will
schedule a reboot. This reboot will occur at one of the following times,
whichever occurs first:
•
When no stations are associated to the Array
•
Midnight
Appendix C: Technical Support
407
Wi-Fi Array
Radio Assurance Options
If the monitor detects a problem with an Array radio as described above, it will
take action according to the preference that you have specified in the Radio
Assurance Mode setting on the Advanced RF Settings window (see Step 5
page 278):
408
Failure alerts only—The Array will issue alerts in the Syslog, but will not
initiate repairs or reboots.
Failure alerts & repairs, but no reboots—The Array will issue alerts and
perform resets of the PHY and MAC as described above.
Failure alerts & repairs & reboots if needed—The Array will issue alerts,
perform resets of the PHY and MAC, and schedule reboots as described
above.
Disabled—Disable IAP loopback tests (no self-monitoring occurs).
Loopback tests are disabled by default.
Appendix C: Technical Support
Wi-Fi Array
Upgrading the Array via CLI
If you are experiencing difficulties communicating with the Array using the Web
Management Interface, the Array provides lower-level facilities that may be used
to accomplish an upgrade via the CLI and the Xirrus Boot Loader (XBL).
1.
Download the latest software update from the Xirrus FTP site using your
Enhanced Care FTP username and password. If you do not have an FTP
username and password, contact Xirrus Customer Service for assistance
(support@xirrus.com). The software update is provided as a zip file.
Unzip the contents to a local temp directory. Take note of the extracted file
name in case you need it later on—you may also need to copy this file
elsewhere on the network depending on your situation.
2.
Install a TFTP server software package if you don't have one running. It
may be installed on any PC on your network, including your desktop or
laptop. The Solar Winds version is freeware and works well.
http://support.solarwinds.net/updates/New-customerFree.cfm?ProdId=52
The TFTP install process creates the TFTP-Root directory on your C:
drive, which is the default target for sending and receiving files. This may
be changed if desired. This directory is where you will place the extracted
Xirrus software update file(s). If you install the TFTP server on the same
computer to which you extracted the file, you may change the TFTP
directory to C:\xirrus if desired.
You must make the following change to the default configuration of the
Solar Winds TFTP server. In the File/Configure menu, select Security,
then select Transmit only and click OK.
3.
Determine the IP address of the computer hosting the TFTP server. (To
display the IP address, open a command prompt and type ipconfig)
4.
Connect your Array to the computer running TFTP using a serial cable,
and open a terminal program if you haven't already. Attach a network
cable to the Array’s GIG1 port, if it is not already part of your network.
Appendix C: Technical Support
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Wi-Fi Array
Boot your Array and watch the progress messages. When Press space bar
to exit to bootloader: is displayed, press the space bar. The rest of this
procedure is performed using the bootloader.
The following steps assume that you are running DHCP on your local
network.
5.
Type dhcp and hit return. This instructs the Array to obtain a DHCP
address and use it during this boot in the bootloader environment.
6.
Type dir and hit return to see what's currently in the compact flash.
7.
Type del and hit return to delete the contents of the compact flash.
8.
Type update server  xs-3.x-xxxx.bin (the actual
Xirrus file name will vary depending on Array model number and
software version—use the file name from your software update) and hit
return. The software update will be transferred to the Array's memory
and will be written to the it’s compact flash card. (See output below.)
9.
Type reset and hit return. Your Array will reboot, running your new
version of software.
Sample Output for the Upgrade Procedure:
The user actions are highlighted in the output below, for clarity.
Username: admin
Password: *****
Xirrus-WiFi-Array# configure
Xirrus-WiFi-Array(config)# reboot
Are you sure you want to reboot? [yes/no]: yes
Array is being rebooted.
Xirrus Boot Loader 1.0.0 (Oct 17 2006 - 13:11:42), Build: 2725
Processor | Motorola PowerPC, PVR=80200020 SVR=80300020
Board
| Xirrus MPC8540 CPU Board
Clocks | CPU : 825 MHz DDR : 330 MHz Local Bus: 41 MHz
410
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Wi-Fi Array
L1 cache | Data: 32 KB Inst: 32 KB Status : Enabled
Watchdog | Enabled (5 secs)
I2C Bus | 400 KHz
DTT
| CPU:34C RF0:34C RF1:34C RF2:27C RF3:29C
RTC
| Wed 2007-Nov-05 6:43:14 GMT
System DDR | 256 MB, Unbuffered Non-ECC (2T)
L2 cache | 256 KB, Enabled
FLASH | 4 MB, CRC: OK
FPGA
| 2 Devices programmed
Packet DDR | 256 MB, Unbuffered Non-ECC, Enabled
Network | Mot FEC Mot TSEC1 [Primary] Mot TSEC2
IDE Bus 0 | OK
CFCard | 122 MB, Model: Hitachi XXM2.3.0
Environment| 4 KB, Initialized
In: serial
Out: serial
Err: serial
Press space bar to exit to bootloader:
XBL>dhcp
[DHCP ] Device : Mot TSEC1 1000BT Full Duplex
[DHCP ] IP Addr : 192.168.39.195
XBL>dir
[CFCard] Directory of /
Date Time Size File or Directory name
----------- -------- -------- --------------------------2007-Nov-05 6:01:56
29 lastboot
2007-Apr-05 15:47:46 28210390 xs-3.1-0433.bak
2007-Mar-01 16:39:42
storage/
2007-Apr-05 15:56:38 28210430 xs-3.1-0440.bin
2007-Mar-03 0:56:28
wpr/
3 file(s), 2 dir(s)
Appendix C: Technical Support
411
Wi-Fi Array
XBL>del *
[CFCard] Delete : 2 file(s) deleted
XBL>update server 192.168.39.102 xs-3.0-0425.bin
[TFTP ] Device : Mot TSEC1 1000BT Full Duplex
[TFTP ] Client : 192.168.39.195
[TFTP ] Server : 192.168.39.102
[TFTP ] File : xs-3.0-0425.bin
[TFTP ] Address : 0x1000000
[TFTP ] Loading : ##################################################
[TFTP ] Loading : ##################################################
[TFTP ] Loading : ###### done
[TFTP ] Complete: 12.9 sec, 2.1 MB/sec
[TFTP ] Bytes : 27752465 (1a77811 hex)
[CFCard] File : xs-3.0-0425.bin
[CFCard] Address : 0x1000000
[CFCard] Saving : ############################################### done
[CFCard] Complete: 137.4 sec, 197.2 KB/sec
[CFCard] Bytes : 27752465 (1a77811 hex)
XBL>reset
[RESET ]
Xirrus Boot Loader 1.0.0 (Oct 17 2006 - 13:11:42), Build: 2725
Processor | Motorola PowerPC, PVR=80200020 SVR=80300020
Board
| Xirrus MPC8540 CPU Board
Clocks | CPU : 825 MHz DDR : 330 MHz Local Bus: 41 MHz
L1 cache | Data: 32 KB Inst: 32 KB Status : Enabled
Watchdog | Enabled (5 secs)
I2C Bus | 400 KHz
DTT
| CPU:33C RF0:32C RF1:31C RF2:26C RF3:27C
RTC
| Wed 2007-Nov-05 6:48:44 GMT
System DDR | 256 MB, Unbuffered Non-ECC (2T)
412
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Wi-Fi Array
L2 cache | 256 KB, Enabled
FLASH | 4 MB, CRC: OK
FPGA
| 2 Devices programmed
Packet DDR | 256 MB, Unbuffered Non-ECC, Enabled
Network | Mot FEC Mot TSEC1 [Primary] Mot TSEC2
IDE Bus 0 | OK
CFCard | 122 MB, Model: Hitachi XXM2.3.0
Environment| 4 KB, Initialized
In: serial
Out: serial
Err: serial
Press space bar to exit to bootloader:
[CFCard] File : xs*.bin
[CFCard] Address : 0x1000000
[CFCard] Loading : ############################################### done
[CFCard] Complete: 26.9 sec, 1.0 MB/sec
[CFCard] Bytes : 27752465 (1a77811 hex)
[Boot ] Address : 0x01000000
[Boot ] Image : Verifying checksum .... OK
[Boot ] Unzip : Multi-File Image .... OK
[Boot ] Initrd : Loading RAMDisk Image
[Boot ] Initrd : Verifying checksum .... OK
[Boot ] Execute : Transferring control to OS
Initializing hardware ........................................ OK
Xirrus Wi-Fi Array
ArrayOS Version 3.0-425
Copyright (c) 2005-2007 Xirrus, Inc.
http://www.xirrus.com
Username:
Appendix C: Technical Support
413
Wi-Fi Array
Power over Gigabit Ethernet Compatibility Matrix
The Xirrus Power over Gigabit Ethernet (PoGE) solution includes different
modules to be used with particular Array models. The following two tables
indicate the proper PoGE injector/splitters to use with each Array. X indicates
products are INCOMPATIBLE. NA=Not Applicable.
Table 1: Current PoGE Injectors/Splitters
XP1-MSI-X
Injector
XP8-MSI
Injector
XP1-MSI
Injector
XP1-SPL
Splitter
XS4
Works with any PoGE
injector/splitter
XS8, XN4
Works with any PoGE injector, 3
no splitter required
NA
XN16/XN12/
XN8/XN4,
XS16/XS12
Works with two injector
options, no splitter required
31
NA
XS-3500-4
Works with any PoGE
injector/splitter
DO NOT connect unmodified
XS-3700/3900 with -H or -HX
injectors or splitter.
31
Array Model
XS-3700-8, DC
(modified)2
XS-3900-16, DC
(modified)2
XS-3700-8, DC
(unmodified)
XS-3900-16, DC
(unmodified)
Compatible
Xirrus Injector/Splitter
Works only with legacy
injector/splitter models, see
Table 2.
1. The 8-port XP8-MSI-H and XP8-MSI injectors each power up to eight
4-port or 8-port Arrays; or four 16-port Arrays.
2. To see whether an Array is modified, see Figure 188 on page 416.
414
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Wi-Fi Array
IMPORTANT NOTE: Only use -H versions of injectors/splitters together,
and use non-H versions of injectors/splitters together - do not mix or match
the two types.
Table 2: Legacy PoGE Models
XP1-SPL-H
Splitter
XP8-MSI-H
Injector
XP1-MSI-HX
Injector
XP1-MSI-H
Injector
Array Model
Compatible
Xirrus Injector/Splitter
XS4
Works with any PoGE
injector/splitter
XS8
Works with any PoGE
injector, no splitter required
NA
XS16/XS12
Works with two injector
options, no splitter required
31
NA
XS-3500-4
Works with any PoGE
injector/splitter
XS-3700-8, DC
(modified)2
Works only with -H version
injector/splitters
XS-3900-16, DC
(modified)2
Works only with -HX or XP8
version injector/splitters
31
XS-3700-8, DC
(unmodified)
DO NOT connect
unmodified XS-3700/3900
with -H or -HX injectors or
splitter.
XS-3900-16, DC
(unmodified)
1. The 8-port XP8-MSI-H and XP8-MSI injectors each power up to
eight 4-port or 8-port Arrays; or four 16-port Arrays.
2. To see whether an Array is modified, see Figure 188 on page 416.
Appendix C: Technical Support
415
Wi-Fi Array
Determining If an XS-3700 or XS-3900 is Modified for PoGE
The following pictures show how different Array power supply types look. On
the XS-3700/XS-3900 Arrays, it is VERY important to note the yellow sticker
(Figure 188 on page 416) that differentiates between modified and unmodified
DC power versions.
Connect Data OUT
to Gig1 or Gig2 port
with short cable
Connect Cat 5e
(from PoGE Injector) 
to IN port
Figure 187. XN8/XN12/XN16/XS8/XS12/XS16: Integrated Splitter
Modified XS-3700/XS-3900 
(DC Version)
Accepts XP1-SPL-H splitter output
Must have yellow label
Unmodified XS-3700/XS-3900 
(DC Version)
Accepts XP1-SPL splitter output
Has no yellow label
Figure 188. Determining if XS-37000/3900 is modified
416
Appendix C: Technical Support
Wi-Fi Array
Contact Information
Xirrus, Inc. is located in Thousand Oaks, California, just 55 minutes northwest of
downtown Los Angeles and 40 minutes southeast of Santa Barbara.
Xirrus, Inc.
2101 Corporate Center Drive
Thousand Oaks, CA 91320
USA
Tel:
Fax:
1.805.262.1600
1.800.947.7871 Toll Free in the US
1.866.462.3980
www.xirrus.com
support.xirrus.com
Appendix C: Technical Support
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Wi-Fi Array
418
Appendix C: Technical Support
Wi-Fi Array
Appendix D: Implementing PCI DSS
The Payment Card Industry (PCI) Data Security Standard (DSS) was developed
by major credit card companies to help those that process credit card transactions
(or cardholder information) in order to secure cardholder information and protect
it from unauthorized access, fraud and other security issues. The major
contributors to the standard are VISA, MasterCard, American Express, JCB, and
Discover. The standard also helps consolidate various individual standards that
were developed by each of the listed card companies. Merchants or others who
process credit card transactions are required to comply with the standard and to
prove their compliance by way of an audit from a Qualified Security Assessor.
PCI DSS lays out a set of requirements that must be met in order to provide
adequate security for sensitive data.
Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Overview
The PCI Data Security Standard (PCI DSS) has 12 main requirements that are
grouped into six control objectives. The following table lists each control objective
and the specific requirements for each objective. For the latest updates to this list,
check the PCI Security Standards Web site: www.pcisecuritystandards.org.
PCI DSS Control Objectives and Associated Requirements
Objective: Build and Maintain a Secure Network
Requirement 1: Install and maintain a firewall configuration to protect
cardholder data.
Requirement 2: Do not use vendor-supplied defaults for system passwords
and other security parameters.
Objective: Protect Cardholder Data
Requirement 3: Protect stored cardholder data.
Requirement 4: Encrypt transmission of cardholder data across open,
public networks.
Appendix D: Implementing PCI DSS
419
Wi-Fi Array
PCI DSS Control Objectives and Associated Requirements
Objective: Maintain a Vulnerability Management Program
Requirement 5: Use and regularly update anti-virus software.
Requirement 6: Develop and maintain secure systems and applications.
Objective: Implement Strong Access Control Measures
Requirement 7: Restrict access to cardholder data by business need-toknow.
Requirement 8: Assign a unique ID to each person with computer access.
Requirement 9: Restrict physical access to cardholder data.
Objective: Regularly Monitor and Test Networks
Requirement 10: Track and monitor all access to network resources and
cardholder data.
Requirement 11: Regularly test security systems and processes.
Objective: Maintain an Information Security Policy
Requirement 12: Maintain a policy that addresses information security.
PCI DSS and Wireless
The Xirrus Wi-Fi Array provides numerous security features that allow it to be a
component of a PCI DSS-compliant network. The following sections indicate the
specific features that allow the Xirrus Wi-Fi Array to operate in a PCI DSS mode.
420
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Wi-Fi Array
The Xirrus Array PCI Compliance Configuration
The check list below is designed to help ensure that Xirrus Wi-Fi Arrays are
configured in a manner that is supportive of PCI Data Security Standards.
Detailed configuration steps for each item are found in the referenced section of
the User’s Guide.
Xirrus Wi-Fi Array Configuration for PCI DSS
( ) Register at the Xirrus Support Site to ensure
notification and access to software updates.
( ) Confirm that the latest version of the Array OS is
being used by checking the Xirrus web site.
( )
( )
Enable PCI Mode after configuring the Array in a
PCI compliant state to ensure configuration
changes cannot be saved that would invalidate a
PCI compliant configuration. This item is covered
on the following pages.
Allow only necessary protocols and networks to be
accessed by configuring your corporate firewall or
using the internal Array firewall.
See...
support.xirrus.com
The pci-audit
Command, p. 422
Filters, p. 289
( ) Change the default Admin account password.
( ) Remove any unnecessary admin or user accounts.
( ) Change the SNMP community string from the
default password.
( ) Use WPA2 and 802.1x authentication.
( ) Change default SSID from Xirrus to a user-defined
SSID.
( ) Disable SSID broadcast for all PCI compliant
SSIDs.
Express Setup, p. 176
Admin Management,
p. 215
SNMP, p. 200
Enable Secure Shell (ssh) for CLI (command line)
access.
Confirm telnet access is disabled (done by default).
Confirm management over the wireless network is
disabled.
Management Control,
p. 219
( )
( )
( )
Appendix D: Implementing PCI DSS
SSIDs, p. 235 and
Global Settings, p. 225
SSIDs, p. 235
SSIDs, p. 235
Global Settings (IAP),
p. 260
421
Wi-Fi Array
Xirrus Wi-Fi Array Configuration for PCI DSS
See...
( ) Check that external RADIUS servers have been
configured for use with 802.1x and WPA/WPA2
wireless security.
( ) Ensure that Array Administration Accounts are
being validated by External RADIUS servers.
SSIDs, p. 235 and
Global Settings, p. 225
Admin RADIUS,
p. 216
( )
Ensure that each Xirrus Array is physically
inaccessible such that console ports and
management ports are not accessible.
Securing the Array,
p. 94
See Indoor Enclosure
( ) Enable syslog messaging and define a syslog
server on the wired network to receive syslog
messages.
( ) Enable NTP and define an NTP server (optional).
System Log, p. 197
Time Settings (NTP),
p. 194
( )
IAP Settings, p. 255
Rogue Control List,
p. 233
Intrusion Detection,
p. 148
Enable the RF Monitor radio in the Xirrus Array.
Categorize known or approved devices as such.
Respond to any alert of unknown or unapproved
wireless devices discovered by the RF Monitor.
Additional information regarding implementation of PCI DSS on the Wi-Fi Array
is described in the Xirrus White Paper, PCI Data Security Standard, available on
the Xirrus web site.
The pci-audit Command
The Array provides a CLI command, pci-audit, that checks whether the Array’s
configuration satisfies PCI DSS wireless requirements. This command does not
change any parameters, but will inform you of any violations that exist.
Furthermore, the command pci-audit enable will put the Array in PCI Mode and
monitor changes that you make to the Array’s configuration in CLI or the WMI.
PCI Mode will warn you (and issue a Syslog message) if the change violates PCI
DSS requirements. A warning is issued when a non-compliant change is first
applied to the Array, and also if you attempt to save a configuration that is noncompliant. Use this command in conjunction with The Xirrus Array PCI
422
Appendix D: Implementing PCI DSS
Wi-Fi Array
Compliance Configuration above to ensure that you are using the Array in
accordance with the PCI DSS requirements.
The pci-audit command checks items such as:
Telnet is disabled.
Admin RADIUS is enabled (admin login authentication is via RADIUS
server).
An external Syslog server is in use.
All SSIDs must set encryption to WPA or better (which also enforces
802.1x authentication)
Sample output from this command is shown below.
SS-Array(config)# pci-audit
PCI audit failure: telnet enabled.
PCI audit failure: admin RADIUS authentication disabled.
PCI audit failure: SSID ssid2 encryption too weak.
PCI audit failure: SSID ssid3 encryption too weak.
PCI audit failure: SSID ssid4 encryption too weak.
PCI audit failure: SSID ssid5 encryption too weak.
PCI audit failure: SSID ssid6 encryption too weak.
Figure 189. Sample output of pci-audit command
Additional Resources
PCI Security Standards Web site: www.pcisecuritystandards.org
List of Qualified PCI Security Assessors: www.pcisecuritystandards.org/
pdfs/pci_qsa_list.pdf
For the latest version of the Xirrus White Paper, PCI Data Security
Standard, and the latest versions of Xirrus software, please check
www.xirrus.com
Appendix D: Implementing PCI DSS
423
Wi-Fi Array
424
Appendix D: Implementing PCI DSS
Wi-Fi Array
Appendix E: Implementing FIPS Security
Wi-Fi Arrays may be configured to satisfy the requirements for Level 2 of Federal
Information Processing Standard (FIPS) Publication 140-2. The procedure in this
section lists simple steps that must be followed exactly to implement FIPS 140-2,
Level 2. The procedure includes physical actions, and parameters that must be set
in Web Management Interface (WMI) windows in the Security section and in
other sections.
The following topics are discussed:
“To implement FIPS 140-2, Level 2 using WMI” on page 425.
“To check if an Array is in FIPS mode:” on page 431
“To implement FIPS 140-2, Level 2 using CLI:” on page 431
To implement FIPS 140-2, Level 2 using WMI
1.
Apply the supplied tamper-evident seals to the unit as indicated in the
figures below. The procedure is slightly different, depending on the
model.
•
Before you apply the tamper-evident seal, clean the area of any
grease, dirt, or oil. We recommend using alcohol-based cleaning pads
for this.
•
Each seal must be applied to straddle both sides of an opening so that
it will show if an attempt has been made to open the Array.
Appendix E: Implementing FIPS Security
425
Wi-Fi Array
•
XS16, XS12, XS8, XS-3900, or XS-3700—Apply two seals, one on either
side of the Array about 180° apart from each other, as shown. Apply a
third seal to the access panel opening, as shown. IMPORTANT:
Make sure that each seal straddles a seam.
Figure 190. Applying Three Seals to XS16/XS12/XS8 or XS-3900/XS-3700
426
Appendix E: Implementing FIPS Security
Wi-Fi Array
•
XS4 or XS-3500—Apply two seals, one on either side of the Array
about 180° apart from each other, as shown. IMPORTANT: Make
sure that each seal straddles a seam.
Figure 191. Applying Two Tamper-evident seals to the XS4 or XS-3500
2.
Enable HTTPS using the CLI if it is not already enabled, using the
following command:
Xirrus_Wi-Fi_Array(config)# https on
This allows the Web Management Interface to be used for the rest of this
procedure. HTTPS is enabled on Arrays by default.
Appendix E: Implementing FIPS Security
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Wi-Fi Array
3.
Select the SSIDs/SSID Management window. Set Encryption Type to
WPA2 (Figure 192 ). Click Modify, then Save. Make sure that this is set
for each SSID.
Figure 192. SSID Management Window
428
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Wi-Fi Array
4.
In the Security/Global Settings window, select No for TKIP Enabled and
Yes for AES Enabled. Click Apply, then Save.
Figure 193. Security/Global Settings Window
Appendix E: Implementing FIPS Security
429
Wi-Fi Array
5.
In the Security/Management Control window, select Yes for Enable
Management over SSH. Select No for Enable Management over Telnet
and for Enable Management over IAPs. Click Apply, then Save.
Figure 194. Security/Management Control Window
6.
In the Services/SNMP window, select No for Enable SNMP. Click Apply,
then Save.
Figure 195. Services/SNMP Window
430
Appendix E: Implementing FIPS Security
Wi-Fi Array
7.
In the IAPs/Global Settings window, select Off for Fast Roaming. Click
Apply, then Save.
Figure 196. IAPs/Global Settings Screen
To check if an Array is in FIPS mode:
You may determine whether or not the Array is running in FIPS mode by
verifying that the settings described in the previous procedure are in effect.
To implement FIPS 140-2, Level 2 using CLI:
1.
The following CLI command will perform all of the settings required to
put the Array in FIPS mode:.
Xirrus_Wi-Fi_Array(config}# fips on
This command remembers your previous settings for FIPS-related
attributes. They will be restored if you use the fips off command.
Use the save command to save these changes to flash memory.
2.
Use the fips off command if you would like to revert the FIPS settings
back to the values they had before you entered the fips on command.
Xirrus_Wi-Fi_Array(config}# fips off
Use the save command to save these changes to flash memory.
Appendix E: Implementing FIPS Security
431
Wi-Fi Array
See Also
The Web Management Interface
The Command Line Interface
432
Appendix E: Implementing FIPS Security
Wi-Fi Array
Appendix F: Notices
This appendix contains the following information:
“Notices” on page 433
“EU Directive 1999/5/EC Compliance Information” on page 436
“Safety Warnings” on page 443
“Translated Safety Warnings” on page 444
“Software Warranty and License Agreement” on page 445
“Hardware Warranty Agreement” on page 452
Notices
FCC Notice
This device complies with Part 15 of the FCC Rules, with operation subject to the
following two conditions: (1) This device may not cause harmful interference, and
(2) this device must accept any interference received, including interference that
may cause unwanted operation.
This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class A
digital device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC rules. These limits are designed to
provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential
installation. This equipment generates, uses and can radiate RF energy and, if not
installed and used in accordance with the instructions, may cause harmful
interference to radio communications. However, there is no guarantee that
interference will not occur in a particular installation. If this equipment does
cause harmful interference to radio or television reception, which can be
determined by turning the equipment off and on, the user is encouraged to try to
correct the interference by one or more of the following safety measures:
Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna.
Increase the separation between the equipment and the receiver.
Consult the dealer or an experienced wireless technician for help.
Use of a shielded twisted pair (STP) cable must be used for all Ethernet
connections in order to comply with EMC requirements.
Appendix F: Notices
433
Wi-Fi Array
RF Radiation Hazard Warning
To ensure compliance with FCC RF exposure requirements, this device must be
installed in a location where the antennas of the device will have a minimum
distance of at least 25 cm (9.84 inches) from all persons. Using higher gain
antennas and types of antennas not certified for use with this product is not
allowed. The device shall not be co-located with another transmitter.
Non-Modification Statement
Unauthorized changes or modifications to the device are not permitted. Use only
the supplied internal antenna, or external antennas supplied by the manufacturer.
Modifications to the device will void the warranty and may violate FCC
regulations. Please go to the Xirrus Web site for a list of all approved antennas.
Indoor Use
This product has been designed for indoor use. Operation of channels in the
5150MHz to 5250MHz band is permitted indoors only to reduce the potential for
harmful interference to co-channel mobile satellite systems.
Cable Runs for Power over Gigabit Ethernet (PoGE)
If using PoGE, the Array must be connected to PoGE networks without routing
cabling to the outside plant—this ensures that cabling is not exposed to lightning
strikes or possible cross over from high voltage.
Battery Warning
Caution! The Array contains a battery which is not to be replaced by the customer.
Danger of Explosion exists if the battery is incorrectly replaced. Replace only with
the same or equivalent type recommended by the manufacturer. Dispose of used
batteries according to the manufacturer's instructions.
Power Cord
If you will be using the Array with a power cord, you must use a UL-Approved
cord (supplied with the unit). Order new power cords from the Xirrus product
list—Xirrus supplies only UL-approved power cords.
434
Appendix F: Notices
Wi-Fi Array
Maximum Antenna Gain
Currently, the maximum antenna gain for external antennas is limited to 5.2dBi
for operation in the 2400MHz to 2483.5MHz, 5150MHz to 5250MHz and
5725MHz to 5825MHz bands. The antenna gains must not exceed maximum EIRP
limits set by the FCC / Industry Canada.
High Power Radars
High power radars are allocated as primary users (meaning they have priority) in
the 5150MHz to 5250MHz and 5650MHz to 5850MHz bands. These radars could
cause interference and/or damage to LELAN devices used in Canada.
Industry Canada Notice and Marking
This Class A digital apparatus complies with Canadian ICES-003.
Cet appareil numĂŠrique de la classe A est conforme Ă  la norme NMB-003 du Canada.
The term “IC:” before the radio certification number only signifies that Industry
Canada technical specifications were met.
To reduce potential radio interference to other users, the antenna type and its gain
should be so chosen that the equivalent isotropically radiated power (EIRP) is not
more than that required for successful communication.
Appendix F: Notices
435
Wi-Fi Array
EU Directive 1999/5/EC Compliance Information
This section contains compliance information for the Xirrus Wi-Fi Array family of
products, which includes the XN16, XN12, XN8, XN4, XS16, XS12, XS8, XS4, XS3900, XS-3700 and XS-3500. The compliance information contained in this section
is relevant to the European Union and other countries that have implemented the
EU Directive 1999/5/EC.
Declaration of Conformity
Cesky [Czech] Toto zahzeni je v souladu se zĂĄkladnimi poĹžadavky a
ostatnimi odpovidajcimi ustano veni mi Smrnice
1999/5/EC.
Dansk [Danish] Dette udstyr er i overensstemmelse med de
vĂŚsentlige krav og andre relevante bestemmelser i
Direktiv 1999/5/EF.
Deutsch [German] Dieses Gerat entspricht den grundlegenden
Anforderungen und den weiteren entsprechenden
Vorgaben der Richtinie 1999/5/EU.
Eesti [Estonian] See seande vastab direktiivi 1999/5/EU olulistele
nÜuetele ja teistele as jakohastele sätetele.
English This equipment is in compliance with the essential
requirements and other relevant provisions of
Directive 1999/5/EC.
EspaĂąol [Spain] Este equipo cump le con los requisitos esenciales asi
como con otras disposiciones de la Directiva 1999/5/
CE.
ǼȜȜȘȞȣțȘ [Greek]             
           
 1999/5/EC.
Français [French] Cet appareil est conforme aux exigences essentielles
et aux autres dispositions pertinentes de la Directive
1999/5/EC.
436
Appendix F: Notices
Wi-Fi Array
Ďslenska [Icelandic] Þetta tæki er samkvæmt grunnkröfum og öðrum
viĂ°eigandi ĂĄkvĂŚĂ°um Tilskipunar 1999/5/EC.
Italiano [Italian] Questo apparato ĂŠ conforme ai requisiti essenziali ed
agli altri principi sanciti dalla Direttiva 1999/5/CE.
Latviski [Latvian] Ĺ ! iek"rta atbilst Direkt!vas 1999/5/EK b#tiskaj"
pras!b"m un citiem ar to saist!tajiem noteikumiem.
Lietuviǐ [Lithuanian] Šis $renginys tenkina 1995/5/EB Direktyvos
esminius reikalavimus ir kitas ĹĄios direktyvos
nuostatas.
Nederlands [Dutch] Dit apparant voldoet aan de essentiele eisen en
andere van toepassing zijnde bepalingen van de
Richtlijn 1995/5/EC.
Malti [Maltese] Dan l-apparant huwa konformi mal-htigiet essenzjali
u l-provedimenti l-ohra rilevanti tad-Direttiva 1999/
5/EC.
Margyar [Hungarian] Ez a kĂŠszĂźlĂŠk teljesiti az alapvetĂś kĂśvetelmĂŠnyeket
ĂŠs mĂĄs 1999/5/EK irĂĄnyelvben meghatĂĄrozott
vonatkozĂł rendelkezĂŠseket.
Norsk [Norwegian] Dette utstyret er i samsvar med de grunnleggende
krav og andre relevante bestemmelser i EU-direktiv
1999/5/EF.
Polski [Polish] Urz%dzenie jest zgodne z ogĂłlnymi wymaganiami
oraz sczegĂłlnymi mi warunkami okre&lony mi
Dyrektyw%. UE:1999/5/EC.
Portuguès [Portuguese] Este equipamento estå em conformidade com os
requisitos essenciais e outras provisĂľes relevantes da
Directiva 1999/5/EC.
Slovensko [Slovenian] Ta naprava je skladna z bistvenimi zahtevami in
ostalimi relevantnimi popoji Direktive 1999/5/EC.
Appendix F: Notices
437
Wi-Fi Array
Slovensky [Slovak] Toto zariadenie je v zhode so zåkladnými
poŞadavkami a inými prisluťnými nariadeniami
direktiv: 1999/5/EC.
Suomi [Finnish] Tämä laite täyttää direktiivin 1999/5//EY olennaiset
vaatimukset ja on siinä asetettujen muiden laitetta
koskevien määräysten mukainen.
Svenska [Swedish] Denna utrustning är i Üverensstämmelse med de
väsentliga kraven och andra relevanta bestämmelser
i Direktiv 1999/5/EC.
Assessment Criteria
The following standards were applied during the assessment of the product
against the requirements of the Directive 1999/5/EC:
Radio: EN 301 893 and EN 300 328 (if applicable)
EMC: EN 301 489-1 and EN 301 489-17
Safety: EN 50371 to EN 50385 and EN 60601
CE Marking
For the Xirrus Wi-Fi Array (XN16, XN12, XN8, XN4, XS16, XS12, XS8, XS4,
XS-3900, XS-3700 and XS-3500), the CE mark and Class-2 identifier opposite are
affixed to the equipment and its packaging:
438
Appendix F: Notices
Wi-Fi Array
WEEE Compliance
Appendix F: Notices
Natural resources were used in the production
of this equipment.
This equipment may contain hazardous
substances that could impact the health of the
environment.
In order to avoid harm to the environment and
consumption of natural resources, we
encourage you to use appropriate take-back
systems when disposing of this equipment.
The appropriate take-back systems will reuse
or recycle most of the materials of this
equipment in a way that will not harm the
environment.
The crossed-out wheeled bin symbol (in
accordance with European Standard EN 50419)
invites you to use those take-back systems and
advises you not to combine the material with
refuse destined for a land fill.
If you need more information on collection, reuse and recycling systems, please contact your
local or regional waste administration.
Please contact Xirrus for specific information
on the environmental performance of our
439
Wi-Fi Array
National Restrictions
In the majority of the EU and other European countries, the 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz
bands have been made available for the use of Wireless LANs. The following table
provides an overview of the regulatory requirements in general that are
applicable for the 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz bands.
Frequency
Band (MHz)
Max Power Level
(EIRP) (mW)
Indoor
Outdoor
2400–2483.5
100
X**
5150–5350*
200
N/A
5470–5725*
1000
*Dynamic frequency selection and Transmit Power Control is required in these
frequency bands.
**France is indoor use only in the upper end of the band.
The requirements for any country may change at any time. Xirrus recommends
that you check with local authorities for the current status of their national
regulations for both 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz wireless LANs.
The following countries have additional requirements or restrictions than those
listed in the above table:
Belgium
The Belgian Institute for Postal Services and Telecommunications (BIPT) must
be notified of any outdoor wireless link having a range exceeding 300 meters.
Xirrus recommends checking at www.bipt.be for more details.
Draadloze verbindingen voor buitengebruik en met een reikwijdte van meer dan 300
meter dienen aangemeld te worden bij het Belgisch Instituut voor postdiensten en
telecommunicatie (BIPT). Zie www.bipt.be voor meer gegevens.
440
Appendix F: Notices
Wi-Fi Array
Les liasons sans fil pour une utilisation en extérieur d’une distance supérieure à 300
mèters doivent être notifiées à l’Institut Belge des services Postaux et des
TĂŠlĂŠcommunications (IBPT). Visitez www.bipt.be pour de plus amples dĂŠtails.
Greece
A license from EETT is required for the outdoor operation in the 5470 MHz to
5725 MHz band. Xirrus recommends checking www.eett.gr for more details.
             5470–5725 z     
   ,      
      .  
    www.eett.gr
Italy
This product meets the National Radio Interface and the requirements
specified in the National Frequency Allocation Table for Italy. Unless this
wireless LAN product is operating within the boundaries of the owner’s
property, its use requires a “general authorization.” Please check with
www.communicazioni.it/it/ for more details.
Questo prodotto ĂŠ conforme alla specifiche di Interfaccia Radio Nazionali e rispetta il
Piano Nazionale di ripartizione delle frequenze in Italia. Se non viene installato
all’interno del proprio fondo, l’utilizzo di prodotti wireless LAN richiede una
“autorizzazione Generale.” Consultare www.communicazioni.it/it/ per maggiori
dettagli.
Norway, Switzerland and Liechtenstein
Although Norway, Switzerland and Liechtenstein are not EU member states,
the EU Directive 1999/5/EC has also been implemented in those countries.
Calculating the Maximum Output Power
The regulatory limits for maximum output power are specified in EIRP (radiated
power). The EIRP level of a device can be calculated by adding the gain of the
antenna used (specified in dBi) to the output power available at the connector
(specified in dBm).
Appendix F: Notices
441
Wi-Fi Array
Antennas
The Xirrus Wi-Fi Array employs integrated antennas that cannot be removed and
which are not user accessible. Nevertheless, as regulatory limits are not the same
throughout the EU, users may need to adjust the conducted power setting for the
radio to meet the EIRP limits applicable in their country or region. Adjustments
can be made from the product’s management interface—either Web Management
Interface (WMI) or Command Line Interface (CLI).
Operating Frequency
The operating frequency in a wireless LAN is determined by the access point. As
such, it is important that the access point is correctly configured to meet the local
regulations. See National Restrictions in this section for more information.
If you still have questions regarding the compliance of Xirrus products or you
cannot find the information you are looking for, please contact us at:
Xirrus, Inc.
2101 Corporate Center Drive
Thousand Oaks, CA 91320
USA
Tel:
Fax:
1.805.262.1600
1.800.947.7871 Toll Free in the US
1.866.462.3980
www.xirrus.com
442
Appendix F: Notices
Wi-Fi Array
Safety Warnings
Safety Warnings
Explosive Device Proximity Warning
Lightning Activity Warning
Circuit Breaker Warning
Read all user documentation before powering this device. All Xirrus
interconnected equipment should be contained indoors. This product is
not suitable for outdoor operation. Please verify the integrity of the
system ground prior to installing Xirrus equipment. Additionally,
verify that the ambient operating temperature does not exceed 50°C.
Do not operate the XN16/XN12/XN8/XN4/XS16/XS12/XS8/XS4/
XS-3900/XS-3700/XS-3500 unit near unshielded blasting caps or in an
explosive environment unless the device has been modified to be
especially qualified for such use.
Do not work on the XN16/XN12/XN8/XN4/XS16/XS12/XS8/XS4/
XS-3900/XS-3700/XS-3500 or connect or disconnect cables during
periods of lightning activity.
The
XN16/XN12/XN8/XN4/XS16/XS12/XS8/XS4/XS-3900/XS3700/ XS-3500 relies on the building’s installation for over current
protection. Ensure that a fuse or circuit breaker no larger than 120 VAC,
15A (U.S.) or 240 VAC, 10A (International) is used on all currentcarrying conductors.
Translated safety warnings appear on the following page.
Appendix F: Notices
443
Wi-Fi Array
Translated Safety Warnings
Avertissements de SĂŠcuritĂŠ
444
SĂŠcuritĂŠ
ProximitĂŠ d'appareils explosifs
Foudre
Disjoncteur
Lisez l'ensemble de la documentation utilisateur avant de mettre cet
appareil sous tension. Tous les ĂŠquipements Xirrus interconnectĂŠs
doivent être installÊs en intÊrieur. Ce produit n'est pas conçu pour être
utilisÊ en extÊrieur. Veuillez vÊrifier l'intÊgritÊ de la terre du système
avant d'installer des ĂŠquipements Xirrus. VĂŠrifiez ĂŠgalement que la
tempÊrature de fonctionnement ambiante n'excède pas 50°C.
N'utilisez pas l'unitĂŠ XN16/XN12/XN8/XN4/XS16/XS12/XS8/XS4/
XS-3900/XS-3700/XS-3500 Ă  proximitĂŠ d'amorces non blindĂŠes ou dans
un environnement explosif, Ă  moins que l'appareil n'ait ĂŠtĂŠ
spĂŠcifiquement modifiĂŠ pour un tel usage.
N'utilisez pas l'unitĂŠ XN16/XN12/XN8/XN4/XS16/XS12/XS8/XS4/
XS-3900/XS-3700/XS-3500 et ne branchez pas ou ne dĂŠbranchez pas de
câbles en cas de foudre.
L'unitÊ XN16/XN12/XN8/XN4/XS16/XS12/XS8/XS4/XS-3900/XS3700/XS-3500 dÊpend de l'installation du bâtiment pour ce qui est de la
protection contre les surintensitĂŠs. Assurez-vous qu'un fusible ou qu'un
disjoncteur de 120 Vca, 15 A (États-Unis) ou de 240 Vca, 10 A
(International) maximum est utilisĂŠ sur tous les conducteurs de
courant.
Appendix F: Notices
Wi-Fi Array
Software Warranty and License Agreement
THIS SOFTWARE LICENSE AGREEMENT (THE “AGREEMENT”) IS A LEGAL
AGREEMENT BETWEEN YOU (“CUSTOMER”) AND LICENSOR (AS DEFINED
BELOW) AND GOVERNS THE USE OF THE SOFTWARE INSTALLED ON THE
PRODUCT (AS DEFINED BELOW). IF YOU ARE AN EMPLOYEEbo OR AGENT
OF CUSTOMER, YOU HEREBY REPRESENT AND WARRANT TO LICENSOR
THAT YOU HAVE THE POWER AND AUTHORITY TO ACCEPT AND TO
BIND CUSTOMER TO THE TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF THIS AGREEMENT
(INCLUDING ANY THIRD PARTY TERMS SET FORTH HEREIN). IF YOU DO
NOT AGREE TO ALL OF THE TERMS OF THIS AGREEMENT RETURN THE
PRODUCT AND ALL ACCOMPANYING MATERIALS (INCLUDING ALL
DOCUMENTATION) TO THE RELEVANT VENDOR FOR A FULL REFUND OF
THE PURCHASE PRICE THEREFOR.
CUSTOMER UNDERSTANDS AND AGREES THAT USE OF THE SOFTWARE
SHALL BE DEEMED AN AGREEMENT TO THE TERMS AND CONDITIONS
GOVERNING SUCH SOFTWARE AND THAT CUSTOMER IS BOUND BY AND
BECOMES A PARTY TO THIS AGREEMENT.
1.
Definitions
1.1 “Documentation” means the user manuals and all other all
documentation, instructions or other similar materials accompanying the
Software covering the installation, application, and use thereof.
1.2 “Licensor” means XIRRUS and its suppliers.
1.3 “Product” means a multi-radio access point containing four or more
distinct radios capable of simultaneous operation on four or more nonoverlapping channels.
1.4 “Software” means, collectively, each of the application and embedded
software programs delivered to Customer in connection with this
Agreement. For purposes of this Agreement, the term Software shall be
deemed to include any and all Documentation and Updates provided
with or for the Software.
1.5 “Updates” means any bug-fix, maintenance or version release to the
Software that may be provided to Customer from Licensor pursuant to
this Agreement or pursuant to any separate maintenance and support
agreement entered into by and between Licensor and Customer.
Appendix F: Notices
445
Wi-Fi Array
2.
Grant of Rights
2.1 Software. Subject to the terms and conditions of this Agreement, Licensor
hereby grants to Customer a perpetual, non-exclusive, nonsublicenseable, non-transferable right and license to use the Software
solely as installed on the Product in accordance with the accompanying
Documentation and for no other purpose.
2.2 Ownership. The license granted under Sections 2.1 above with respect to
the Software does not constitute a transfer or sale of Licensor's or its
suppliers' ownership interest in or to the Software, which is solely
licensed to Customer. The Software is protected by both national and
international intellectual property laws and treaties. Except for the
express licenses granted to the Software, Licensor and its suppliers retain
all rights, title and interest in and to the Software, including (i) any and all
trade secrets, copyrights, patents and other proprietary rights therein or
thereto or (ii) any Marks (as defined in Section 2.3 below) used in
connection therewith. In no event shall Customer remove, efface or
otherwise obscure any Marks contained on or in the Software. All rights
not expressly granted herein are reserved by Licensor.
2.3 Copies. Customer shall not make any copies of the Software but shall be
permitted to make a reasonable number of copies of the related
Documentation. Whenever Customer copies or reproduces all or any part
of the Documentation, Customer shall reproduce all and not efface any
titles, trademark symbols, copyright symbols and legends, and other
proprietary markings or similar indicia of origin (“Marks”) on or in the
Documentation.
2.4 Restrictions. Customer shall not itself, or through any parent, subsidiary,
affiliate, agent or other third party (i) sell, rent, lease, license or
sublicense, assign or otherwise transfer the Software, or any of
Customer's rights and obligations under this Agreement except as
expressly permitted herein; (ii) decompile, disassemble, or reverse
engineer the Software, in whole or in part, provided that in those
jurisdictions in which a total prohibition on any reverse engineering is
prohibited as a matter of law and such prohibition is not cured by the fact
that this Agreement is subject to the laws of the State of California,
Licensor agrees to grant Customer, upon Customer's written request to
Licensor, a limited reverse engineering license to permit interoperability
of the Software with other software or code used by Customer; (iii) allow
access to the Software by any user other than by Customer's employees
and contractors who are bound in writing to confidentiality and non-use
restrictions at least as protective as those set forth herein; (iv) except as
expressly set forth herein, write or develop any derivative software or
any other software program based upon the Software; or (v) use any
446
Appendix F: Notices
Wi-Fi Array
computer software or hardware which is designated to defeat any copy
protection or other use limiting device, including any device intended to
limit the number of users or devices accessing the Product.
3.
Limited Warranty and Limitation of Liability
3.1 Limited Warranty & Exclusions. Licensor warrants that the Software will
perform in substantial accordance with the specifications therefor set
forth in the Documentation for a period of ninety [90] days after
Customer's acceptance of the terms of this Agreement with respect to the
Software (“Warranty Period”). If during the Warranty Period the
Software does not perform as warranted, Licensor shall, at its option,
correct the relevant Software giving rise to such breach of performance or
replace such Software free of charge. THE FOREGOING ARE
CUSTOMER'S SOLE AND EXCLUSIVE REMEDIES FOR BREACH OF
THE FOREGOING WARRANTY. THE WARRANTY SET FORTH
ABOVE IS MADE TO AND FOR THE BENEFIT OF CUSTOMER ONLY.
The warranty will apply only if (i) the Software has been used at all times
and in accordance with the instructions for use set forth in the
Documentation and this Agreement; (ii) no modification, alteration or
addition has been made to the Software by persons other than Licensor or
Licensor's authorized representative; and (iii) the Software or Product on
which the Software is installed has not been subject to any unusual
electrical charge.
3.2 DISCLAIMER. EXCEPT AS EXPRESSLY STATED IN THIS SECTION 3,
ALL ADDITIONAL CONDITIONS, REPRESENTATIONS, AND
WARRANTIES, WHETHER IMPLIED, STATUTORY OR OTHERWISE,
INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, ANY IMPLIED WARRANTIES
OR CONDITIONS OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A
PARTICULAR PURPOSE, SATISFACTORY QUALITY, ACCURACY,
AGAINST INFRINGEMENT OR ARISING FROM A COURSE OF
DEALING, USAGE, OR TRADE PRACTICE, ARE HEREBY
DISCLAIMED BY LICENSOR AND ITS SUPPLIERS. THIS DISCLAIMER
SHALL APPLY EVEN IF ANY EXPRESS WARRANTY AND LIMITED
REMEDY OFFERED BY LICENSOR FAILS OF ITS ESSENTIAL
PURPOSE. ALL WARRANTIES PROVIDED BY LICENSOR ARE
SUBJECT TO THE LIMITATIONS OF LIABILITY SET FORTH IN THIS
AGREEMENT.
3.3 HAZARDOUS APPLICATIONS. THE SOFTWARE IS NOT DESIGNED
OR INTENDED FOR USE IN HAZARDOUS ENVIRONMENTS
REQUIRING FAIL SAFE PERFORMANCE, SUCH AS IN THE
OPERATION OF A NUCLEAR FACILITY, AIRCRAFT NAVIGATION OR
COMMUNICATIONS SYSTEMS, AIR TRAFFIC CONTROLS OR OTHER
Appendix F: Notices
447
Wi-Fi Array
DEVICES OR SYSTEMS IN WHICH A MALFUNCTION OF THE
SOFTWARE WOULD RESULT IN FORESEEABLE RISK OF INJURY OR
DEATH TO THE OPERATOR OF THE DEVICE OR SYSTEM OR TO
OTHERS (“HAZARDOUS APPLICATIONS”). CUSTOMER ASSUMES
ANY AND ALL RISKS, INJURIES, LOSSES, CLAIMS AND ANY OTHER
LIABILITIES ARISING OUT OF THE USE OF THE SOFTWARE IN ANY
HAZARDOUS APPLICATIONS.
3.4 Limitation of Liability.
(a) TOTAL LIABILITY. NOTWITHSTANDING ANYTHING ELSE
HEREIN, ALL LIABILITY OF LICENSOR AND ITS SUPPLIERS
UNDER THIS AGREEMENT SHALL BE LIMITED TO THE
AMOUNT PAID BY CUSTOMER FOR THE RELEVANT
SOFTWARE, OR PORTION THEREOF, THAT GAVE RISE TO SUCH
LIABILITY OR ONE HUNDRED UNITED STATES DOLLARS
(US$100), WHICHEVER IS GREATER. THE LIABILITY OF
LICENSOR AND ITS SUPPLIERS UNDER THIS SECTION SHALL
BE CUMULATIVE AND NOT PER INCIDENT.
(b) DAMAGES. IN NO EVENT SHALL LICENSOR, ITS SUPPLIERS OR
THEIR RELEVANT SUBCONTRACTORS BE LIABLE FOR (A) ANY
INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, PUNITIVE OR CONSEQUENTIAL
DAMAGES, LOST PROFITS OR LOST OR DAMAGED DATA, OR
ANY INDIRECT DAMAGES, WHETHER ARISING IN CONTRACT,
TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE AND STRICT LIABILITY) OR
OTHERWISE OR (B) ANY COSTS OR EXPENSES FOR THE
PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES IN EACH
CASE, EVEN IF LICENSOR OR ITS SUPPLIERS HAVE BEEN
INFORMED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES.
3.5 Exclusions. SOME JURISDICTIONS DO NOT PERMIT THE
LIMITATIONS OF LIABILITY AND LIMITED WARRANTIES SET
FORTH UNDER THIS AGREEMENT. IN THE EVENT YOU ARE
LOCATED IN ANY SUCH JURISDICTION, THE FOREGOING
LIMITATIONS SHALL APPLY ONLY TO THE MAXIMUM EXTENT
PERMITTED IN SUCH JURISDICTIONS. IN NO EVENT SHALL
THE FOREGOING EXCLUSIONS AND LIMITATIONS ON
DAMAGES BE DEEMED TO APPLY TO ANY LIABILITY BASED
ON FRAUD, WILLFUL MISCONDUCT, GROSS NEGLIGENCE OR
PERSONAL INJURY OR DEATH.
448
Appendix F: Notices
Wi-Fi Array
4.
Confidential Information
4.1 Generally. The Software (and its accompanying Documentation)
constitutes Licensor's and its suppliers' proprietary and confidential
information and contains valuable trade secrets of Licensor and its
suppliers (“Confidential Information”). Customer shall protect the
secrecy of the Confidential Information to the same extent it protects its
other valuable, proprietary and confidential information of a similar
nature but in no event shall Customer use less than reasonable care to
maintain the secrecy of the Confidential Information. Customer shall not
use the Confidential Information except to exercise its rights or perform
its obligations as set forth under this Agreement. Customer shall not
disclose such Confidential Information to any third party other than
subject to non-use and non-disclosure obligations at least as protective of
a party's right in such Confidential Information as those set forth herein.
4.2 Return of Materials. Customer agrees to (i) destroy all Confidential
Information (including deleting any and all copies contained on any of
Customer's Designated Hardware or the Product) within fifteen (15) days
of the date of termination of this Agreement or (ii) if requested by
Licensor, return, any Confidential Information to Licensor within thirty
(30) days of Licensor's written request.
5.
Term and Termination
5.1 Term. Subject to Section 5.2 below, this Agreement will take effect on the
Effective Date and will remain in force until terminated in accordance
with this Agreement.
5.2 Termination Events. This Agreement may be terminated immediately
upon written notice by either party under any of the following
conditions:
(a) If the other party has failed to cure a breach of any material term or
condition under the Agreement within thirty (30) days after receipt of
notice from the other party; or
(b) Either party ceases to carry on business as a going concern, either
party becomes the object of the institution of voluntary or
involuntary proceedings in bankruptcy or liquidation, which
proceeding is not dismissed within ninety (90) days, or a receiver is
appointed with respect to a substantial part of its assets.
Appendix F: Notices
449
Wi-Fi Array
5.3 Effect of Termination.
(a) Upon termination of this Agreement, in whole or in part, Customer
shall pay Licensor for all amounts owed up to the effective date of
termination. Termination of this Agreement shall not constitute a
waiver for any amounts due.
(b) The following Sections shall survive the termination of this
Agreement for any reason: Sections 1, 2.2, 2.4, 3, 4, 5.3, and 6.
(c) No later than thirty (30) days after the date of termination of this
Agreement by Licensor, Customer shall upon Licensor's instructions
either return the Software and all copies thereof; all Documentation
relating thereto in its possession that is in tangible form or destroy the
same (including any copies thereof contained on Customer's
Designated Hardware). Customer shall furnish Licensor with a
certificate signed by an executive officer of Customer verifying that
the same has been done.
6.
Miscellaneous
If Customer is a corporation, partnership or similar entity, then the license to
the Software and Documentation that is granted under this Agreement is
expressly conditioned upon and Customer represents and warrants to
Licensor that the person accepting the terms of this Agreement is authorized
to bind such entity to the terms and conditions herein. If any provision of this
Agreement is held to be invalid or unenforceable, it will be enforced to the
extent permissible and the remainder of this Agreement will remain in full
force and effect. During the course of use of the Software, Licensor may
collect information on your use thereof; you hereby authorize Licensor to use
such information to improve its products and services, and to disclose the
same to third parties provided it does not contain any personally identifiable
information. The express waiver by either party of any provision, condition
or requirement of this Agreement does not constitute a waiver of any future
obligation to comply with such provision, condition or requirement.
Customer and Licensor are independent parties. Customer may not export or
re-export the Software or Documentation (or other materials) without
appropriate United States, European Union and foreign government licenses
or in violation of the United State's Export Administration Act or foreign
equivalents and Customer shall comply with all national and international
laws governing the Software. This Agreement will be governed by and
construed under the laws of the State of California and the United States as
applied to agreements entered into and to be performed entirely within
California, without regard to conflicts of laws provisions thereof and the
parties expressly exclude the application of the United Nations Convention
on Contracts for the International Sales of Goods and the Uniform Computer
450
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Wi-Fi Array
Information Transactions Act (as promulgated by any State) to this
Agreement. Suits or enforcement actions must be brought within, and each
party irrevocably commits to the exclusive jurisdiction of, the state and
federal courts located in Ventura County, California. Customer may not
assign this Agreement by operation of law or otherwise, without the prior
written consent of Licensor and any attempted assignment in violation of the
foregoing shall be null and void. This Agreement cancels and supersedes all
prior agreements between the parties. This Agreement may not be varied
except through a document agreed to and signed by both parties. Any printed
terms and conditions contained in any Customer purchase order or in any
Licensor acknowledgment, invoice or other documentation relating to the
Software shall be deemed deleted and of no force or effect and any additional
typed and/or written terms and conditions contained shall be for
administrative purposes only, i.e. to identify the types and quantities of
Software to be supplied, line item prices and total price, delivery schedule,
and other similar ordering data, all in accordance with the provisions of this
Agreement.
Appendix F: Notices
451
Wi-Fi Array
Hardware Warranty Agreement
PLEASE READ THIS AGREEMENT CAREFULLY BEFORE USING THIS
PRODUCT
BY USING THIS PRODUCT, YOU ACKNOWLEDGE THAT YOU HAVE READ
AND UNDERSTOOD ALL THE TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF THIS
AGREEMENT AND THAT YOU ARE CONSENTING TO BE BOUND BY THIS
AGREEMENT. IF YOU DO NOT AGREE TO ALL OF THE TERMS OF THIS
AGREEMENT, RETURN THE UNUSED PRODUCT TO THE PLACE OF
PURCHASE FOR A FULL REFUND.
LIMITED WARRANTY. Xirrus warrants that for a period of one year from the
date of purchase by the original purchaser (“Customer”): (i) the Xirrus Equipment
(“Equipment”) will be free of defects in materials and workmanship under
normal use; and (ii) the Equipment substantially conforms to its published
specifications. Except for the foregoing, the Equipment is provided AS IS. This
limited warranty extends only to Customer as the original purchaser. Customer's
exclusive remedy and the entire liability of Xirrus and its suppliers under this
limited warranty will be, at Xirrus' option, repair, replacement, or refund of the
Equipment if reported (or, upon request, returned) to the party supplying the
Equipment to Customer. In no event does Xirrus warrant that the Equipment is
error free or that Customer will be able to operate the Equipment without
problems or interruptions.
This warranty does not apply if the Equipment (a) has been altered, except by
Xirrus, (b) has not been installed, operated, repaired, or maintained in accordance
with instructions supplied by Xirrus, (c) has been subjected to abnormal physical
or electrical stress, misuse, negligence, or accident, or (d) is used in ultrahazardous activities.
DISCLAIMER. EXCEPT AS SPECIFIED IN THIS WARRANTY, ALL EXPRESS OR
IMPLIED
CONDITIONS,
REPRESENTATIONS,
AND
WARRANTIES
INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, ANY IMPLIED WARRANTY OF
MERCHANTABILITY,
FITNESS
FOR
PARTICULAR
PURPOSE,
NONINFRINGEMENT OR ARISING FROM A COURSE OF DEALING, USAGE,
OR TRADE PRACTICE, ARE HEREBY EXCLUDED TO THE EXTENT
ALLOWED BY APPLICABLE LAW.
IN NO EVENT WILL XIRRUS OR ITS SUPPLIERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY LOST
REVENUE, PROFIT, OR DATA, OR FOR SPECIAL, INDIRECT,
CONSEQUENTIAL, INCIDENTAL, OR PUNITIVE DAMAGES HOWEVER
CAUSED AND REGARDLESS OF THE THEORY OF LIABILITY ARISING OUT
OF THE USE OF OR INABILITY TO USE THE EQUIPMENT EVEN IF XIRRUS
OR ITS SUPPLIERS HAVE BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH
DAMAGES. In no event shall Xirrus' or its suppliers' liability to Customer,
452
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Wi-Fi Array
whether in contract, tort (including negligence), or otherwise, exceed the price
paid by Customer.
The foregoing limitations shall apply even if the above-stated warranty fails of its
essential purpose. SOME STATES DO NOT ALLOW LIMITATION OR
EXCLUSION OF LIABILITY FOR CONSEQUENTIAL OR INCIDENTAL
DAMAGES.
The above warranty DOES NOT apply to any evaluation Equipment made
available for testing or demonstration purposes. All such Equipment is provided
AS IS without any warranty whatsoever.
Customer agrees the Equipment and related documentation shall not be used in
life support systems, human implantation, nuclear facilities or systems or any
other application where failure could lead to a loss of life or catastrophic property
damage, or cause or permit any third party to do any of the foregoing.
All information or feedback provided by Customer to Xirrus with respect to the
Product shall be Xirrus' property and deemed confidential information of Xirrus.
Equipment including technical data, is subject to U.S. export control laws,
including the U.S. Export Administration Act and its associated regulations, and
may be subject to export or import regulations in other countries. Customer
agrees to comply strictly with all such regulations and acknowledges that it has
the responsibility to obtain licenses to export, re-export, or import Equipment.
This Agreement shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws
of the State of California, United States of America, as if performed wholly within
the state and without giving effect to the principles of conflict of law. If any
portion hereof is found to be void or unenforceable, the remaining provisions of
this Warranty shall remain in full force and effect. This Warranty constitutes the
entire agreement between the parties with respect to the use of the Equipment.
Manufacturer is Xirrus, Inc. 2101 Corporate Center Drive Thousand Oaks, CA
91320
Appendix F: Notices
453
Wi-Fi Array
454
Appendix F: Notices
Wi-Fi Array
Glossary of Terms
802.11a
A supplement to the IEEE 802.11 WLAN specification that describes radio
transmissions at a frequency of 5 GHz and data rates of up to 54 Mbps.
802.11b
A supplement to the IEEE 802.11 WLAN specification that describes radio
transmissions at a frequency of 2.4 GHz and data rates of up to 11 Mbps.
802.11d
A supplement to the Media Access Control (MAC) layer in 802.11 to promote
worldwide use of 802.11 WLANs. It allows Access Points to communicate
information on the permissible radio channels with acceptable power levels for
user devices. Because the 802.11 standards cannot legally operate in some
countries, 802.11d adds features and restrictions to allow WLANs to operate
within the rules of these countries.
802.11g
A supplement to the IEEE 802.11 WLAN specification that describes radio
transmissions at a frequency of 2.4 GHz and data rates of up to 54 Mbps.
802.11n
A supplement to the IEEE 802.11 WLAN specification that describes
enhancements to 802.11a/b/g to greatly enhance reach, speed, and capacity.
802.1Q
An IEEE standard for MAC layer frame tagging (also known as encapsulation).
Frame tagging uniquely assigns a user-defined ID to each frame. It also enables a
switch to communicate VLAN membership information across multiple (and
multi-vendor) devices by frame tagging.
AES
(Advanced Encryption Standard) A data encryption scheme that uses three
different key sizes (128-bit, 192-bit, and 256-bit). AES was adopted by the U.S.
government in 2002 as the encryption standard for protecting sensitive but
unclassified electronic data.
Glossary of Terms
455
Wi-Fi Array
authentication
The process that a station, device, or user employs to announce its identify to
the network which validates it. IEEE 802.11 specifies two forms of authentication,
open system and shared key.
bandwidth
Specifies the amount of the frequency spectrum that is usable for data transfer. In
other words, it identifies the maximum data rate a signal can attain on
the medium without encountering significant attenuation (loss of power).
beacon interval
When a device in a wireless network sends a beacon, it includes with it a beacon
interval, which specifies the period of time before it will send the beacon again.
The interval tells receiving devices on the network how long they can wait in low
power mode before waking up to handle the beacon. Network administrators can
adjust the beacon interval—usually measured in milliseconds (ms) or its
equivalent, kilo-microseconds (Kmsec).
bit rate
The transmission rate of binary symbols ('0' and '1'), equal to the total number of
bits transmitted in one second.
BSS
(Basic Service Set) When a WLAN is operating in infrastructure mode, each access
point and its connected devices are called the Basic Service Set.
BSSID
The unique identifier for an access point in a BSS network. See also, SSID.
CDP
(Cisco Discovery Protocol) CDP is a layer 2 network protocol which runs on most
Cisco equipment and some other network equipment. It is used to share
information with other directly connected network devices. Information such as
the model, network capabilities, and IP address is shared. Wi-Fi Arrays can both
advertise their presence by sending CDP announcements, and gather and display
information sent by neighbors.
456
Glossary of Terms
Wi-Fi Array
cell
The basic geographical unit of a cellular communications system. Service
coverage of a given area is based on an interlocking network of cells, each with a
radio base station (transmitter/receiver) at its center. The size of each cell is
determined by the terrain and forecasted number of users.
channel
A specific portion of the radio spectrum—the channels allotted to one of
the wireless networking protocols. For example, 802.11b and 802.11g use 14
channels in the 2.4 GHz band, only 3 of which don't overlap (1, 6, and 11). In the 5
GHz band, 802.11a uses 8 channels for indoor use and 4 for outdoor use, none of
which overlap. In the U.S., additional channels are available, to bring the total to
24 channels.
CoS
(Class of Service) A category based on the type of user, type of application,
or some other criteria that QoS systems can use to provide differentiated classes of
service.
default gateway
The gateway in a network that a computer will use to access another network if
a gateway is not specified for use. In a network using subnets, a default gateway
is the router that forwards traffic to a destination outside of the subnet of
the transmitting device.
DHCP
(Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) A method for dynamically assigning IP
addresses to devices on a network. DHCP issues IP addresses automatically
within a specified range to client devices when they are first powered up.
DHCP lease
The DHCP lease is the amount of time that the DHCP server grants to the DHCP
client for permission to use a particular IP address. A typical DHCP server allows
its administrator to set the lease time.
Glossary of Terms
457
Wi-Fi Array
DNS
(Domain Name System) A system that maps meaningful domain names with
complex numeric IP addresses. DNS is actually a separate network—if one DNS
server cannot translate a domain name, it will ask a second or third until a server
is found with the correct IP address.
domain
The main name/Internet address of a user's Internet site as registered with
the InterNIC organization, which handles domain registration on the Internet. For
example, the “domain” address for Xirrus is: http://www.xirrus.com, broken
down as follows:
z http:// represents the Hyper Text Teleprocessing Protocol used by all Web
pages.
www is a reference to the World Wide Web.
xirrus refers to the company.
com specifies that the domain belongs to a commercial enterprise.
DTIM
(Delivery Traffic Indication Message) A DTIM is a signal sent as part of a beacon
by an access point to a client device in sleep mode, alerting the device to a packet
awaiting delivery.
EAP
(Extensible Authentication Protocol) When you log on to the Internet, you're most
likely establishing a PPP connection via a remote access server. The password,
key, or other device you use to prove that you are authorized to do so is controlled
via PPP’s Link Control Protocol (LCP). However, LCP is somewhat inflexible
because it has to specify an authentication device early in the process. EAP allows
the system to gather more information from the user before deciding which
authenticator to use. It is called extensible because it allows more authenticator
types than LCP (for example, passwords and public keys).
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Glossary of Terms
Wi-Fi Array
EDCF
(Enhanced Distributed Coordinator Function) A QoS extension which uses
the same contention-based access mechanism as current devices but adds “offset
contention windows” that separate high priority packets from low priority
packets (by assigning a larger random backoff window to lower priorities than to
higher priorities). The result is “statistical priority,” where high-priority packets
usually are transmitted before low-priority packets.
encapsulation
A way of wrapping protocols such as TCP/IP, AppleTalk, and NetBEUI in
Ethernet frames so they can traverse an Ethernet network and be unwrapped
when they reach the destination computer.
encryption
Any procedure used in cryptography to translate data into a form that can be
decrypted and read only by its intended receiver.
Fast Ethernet
A version of standard Ethernet that runs at 100 Mbps rather than 10 Mbps.
FCC
(Federal Communications Commission) US wireless regulatory authority.
The FCC was established by the Communications Act of 1934 and is charged with
regulating Interstate and International communications by radio, television, wire,
satellite and cable.
FIPS
The Federal Information Processing Standard (FIPS) Publication 140-2 establishes
a computer security standard used to accredit cryptographic modules.
The standard is a joint effort by the U.S. and Canadian governments.
frame
A packet encapsulated to travel on a physical medium, like Ethernet or Wi-Fi. If a
packet is like a shipping container, a frame is the boat on which the shipping
container is loaded.
Gigabit 1
The primary Gigabit Ethernet interface. See also, Gigabit Ethernet.
Glossary of Terms
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Wi-Fi Array
Gigabit 2
The secondary Gigabit Ethernet interface. See also, Gigabit Ethernet.
Gigabit Ethernet
The newest version of Ethernet, with data transfer rates of 1 Gigabit (1,000 Mbps).
Group
A user group, created to define a set of attributes (such as VLAN, traffic limits,
and Web Page Redirect) and privileges (such as fast roaming) that apply to all
users that are members of the group. This allows a uniform configuration to be
easily applied to multiple user accounts. The attributes that can be configured for
user groups are almost identical to those that can be configured for SSIDs.
host name
The unique name that identifies a computer on a network. On the Internet,
the host name is in the form comp.xyz.net. If there is only one Internet site
the host name is the same as the domain name. One computer can have more than
one host name if it hosts more than one Internet site (for example, home.xyz.net
and comp.xyz.net). In this case, comp and home are the host names and xyz.net is
the domain name.
IPsec
A Layer 3 authentication and encryption protocol. Used to secure VPNs.
MAC address
(Media Access Control Address) A 6-byte hexadecimal address assigned by a
manufacturer to a device.
Mbps
(Megabits per second) A standard measure for data transmission speeds (for
example, the rate at which information travels over the Internet). 1 Mbps denotes
one million bits per second.
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Glossary of Terms
Wi-Fi Array
MTU
(Maximum Transmission Unit) The largest physical packet size—measured in
bytes—that a network can transmit. Any messages larger than the MTU are
divided into smaller packets before being sent. Every network has a different
MTU, which is set by the network administrator. Ideally, you want the MTU to be
the same as the smallest MTU of all the networks between your machine and
a message's final destination. Otherwise, if your messages are larger than one of
the intervening MTUs, they will get broken up (fragmented), which slows down
transmission speeds.
NTP
(Network Time Protocol) An Internet standard protocol (built on top of TCP/IP)
that ensures the accurate synchronization (to the millisecond) of computer clock
times in a network of computers. Running as a continuous background client
program on a computer, NTP sends periodic time requests to servers, obtaining
server time stamps and using them to adjust the client's clock.
packet
Data sent over a network is broken down into many small pieces—packets—by
the Transmission Control Protocol layer of TCP/IP. Each packet contains the
address of its destination as well the data. Packets may be sent on any number of
routes to their destination, where they are reassembled into the original data. This
system is optimal for connectionless networks, such as the Internet, where there
are no fixed connections between two locations.
PLCP
(Physical Layer Convergence Protocol) Defined by IEEE 802.6, a protocol
specified within the Transmission Convergence layer that defines exactly how
cells are formatted within a data stream for a particular type of transmission
facility.
PoGE
This refers to the optional Xirrus XP1 Power over Gigabit Ethernet modules that
provide DC power to Arrays. Power is supplied over the same Cat 5e or Cat 6
cable that supplies the data connection to your gigabit Ethernet switch, thus
eliminating the need to run a power cable. See “Power over Gigabit Ethernet
Compatibility Matrix” on page 414 for a list of Xirrus PoGE modules and the
modules that are compatible with each Array.
Glossary of Terms
461
Wi-Fi Array
preamble
Preamble (sometimes called a header) is a section of data at the head of a packet
that contains information that the access point and client devices need when
sending and receiving packets. PLCP has two structures, a long and a short
preamble. All compliant 802.11b systems have to support the long preamble.
The short preamble option is provided in the standard to improve the efficiency
of a network's throughput when transmitting special data, such as voice, VoIP
(Voice-over IP) and streaming video.
private key
In cryptography, one of a pair of keys (one public and one private) that are created
with the same algorithm for encrypting and decrypting messages and digital
signatures. The private key is provided only to the requestor and never shared.
The requestor uses the private key to decrypt text that has been encrypted with
the public key by someone else.
PSK
(Pre-Shared Key) A TKIP passphrase used to protect your network traffic in WPA.
public key
In cryptography, one of a pair of keys (one public and one private) that are created
with the same algorithm for encrypting and decrypting messages and digital
signatures. The public key is made publicly available for encryption and
decryption.
QoS
(Quality of Service) QoS can be used to describe any number of ways in which
a network provider prioritizes or guarantees a service's performance.
RADIUS
(Remote Authentication Dial-In User Service) A client-server security protocol,
developed to authenticate, authorize, and account for dial-up users. The RADIUS
server stores user profiles, which include passwords and authorization attributes.
RSSI
(Received Signal Strength Indicator) A measure of the energy observed by an
antenna when receiving a signal.
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Glossary of Terms
Wi-Fi Array
SDMA
(Spatial Division Multiple Access) A wireless communications mode that
optimizes the use of the radio spectrum and minimizes cost by taking advantage
of the directional properties of antennas. The antennas are highly directional,
allowing duplicate frequencies to be used for multiple zones.
SNMP
(Simple Network Management Protocol) A standard protocol that regulates
network management over the Internet.
SNTP
(Simple Network Time Protocol) A simplified version of NTP. SNTP can be used
when the ultimate performance of the full NTP implementation described in RFC
1305 is not needed or justified.
SSH
(Secure SHell) Developed by SSH Communications Security, Secure Shell is a
program to log into another computer over a network, to execute commands in a
remote machine, and to move files from one machine to another. The Array only
allows SSH-2 connections. SSH-2 provides strong authentication and secure
communications over insecure channels. SSH-2 protects a network from attacks,
such as IP spoofing, IP source routing, and DNS spoofing. Attackers who has
managed to take over a network can only force SSH to disconnect—they cannot
“play back” the traffic or hijack the connection when encryption is enabled. When
using SSH-2's slogin (instead of rlogin) the entire login session, including
transmission of password, is encrypted making it almost impossible for an
outsider to collect passwords. Be aware that your SSH utility must be set up to use
SSH-2.
SSID
(Service Set IDentifier) Every wireless network or network subset (such as a BSS)
has a unique identifier called an SSID. Every device connected to that part of the
network uses the same SSID to identify itself as part of the family—when it wants
to gain access to the network or verify the origin of a data packet it is sending over
the network. In short, it is the unique name shared among all devices in a WLAN.
Glossary of Terms
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Wi-Fi Array
subnet mask
A mask used to determine what subnet an IP address belongs to. An IP address
has two components: (1) the network address and (2) the host address. For
example, consider the IP address 150.215.017.009. Assuming this is part of a Class
B network, the first two numbers (150.215) represent the Class B network address,
and the second two numbers (017.009) identify a particular host on this network.
TKIP
(Temporal Key Integrity Protocol) Provides improved data encryption by
scrambling the keys using a hashing algorithm and, by adding an integritychecking feature, ensures that the encryption keys haven’t been tampered with.
transmit power
The amount of power used by a radio transceiver to send the signal out. Transmit
power is generally measured in milliwatts, which you can convert to dBm.
User group
See Group.
VLAN
(Virtual LAN) A group of devices that communicate as a single network, even
though they are physically located on different LAN segments. Because VLANs
are based on logical rather than physical connections, they are extremely flexible.
A device that is moved to another location can remain on the same VLAN
without any hardware reconfiguration.
VLAN tagging
(Virtual LAN tagging) Static port-based VLANs were originally the only way to
segment a network without using routing, but these port-based VLANs could
only be implemented on a single switch (or switches) cabled together. Routing
was required to transfer traffic between unconnected switches. As an alternative
to routing, some vendors created proprietary schemes for sharing VLAN
information across switches. These methods would only operate on that vendor's
equipment and were not an acceptable way to implement VLANs. With the
adoption of the 802.11n standard, traffic can be confined to VLANs that exist on
464
Glossary of Terms
Wi-Fi Array
multiple switches from different vendors. This interoperability and traffic
containment across different switches is the result of a switch's ability to use and
recognize 802.1Q tag headers—called VLAN tagging. Switches that implement
802.1Q tagging add this tag header to the frame directly after the destination and
source MAC addresses. The tag header indicates:
1. That the packet has a tag.
2.
Whether the packet should have priority over other packets.
3.
Which VLAN it belongs to, so that the switch can forward or filter it
correctly.
WDS (Wireless Distribution System)
WDS creates wireless backhauls between arrays. These links between arrays may
be used rather than having to install data cabling to each array.
WEP
(Wired Equivalent Privacy) An optional IEEE 802.11 function that offers frame
transmission privacy similar to a wired network. The Wired Equivalent Privacy
generates secret shared encryption keys that both source and destination stations
can use to alter frame bits to avoid disclosure to eavesdroppers.
Wi-Fi Alliance
A nonprofit international association formed in 1999 to certify interoperability of
wireless Local Area Network products based on IEEE 802.11 specification. The
goal of the Wi-Fi Alliance's members is to enhance the user experience through
product interoperability.
Wi-Fi Array
A high capacity Wi-Fi networking device consisting of multiple radios arranged
in a circular array.
WPA
(Wi-Fi Protected Access) A Wi-Fi Alliance standard that contains a subset of the
IEEE 802.11i standard, using TKIP as an encryption method and 802.1x for
authentication.
Glossary of Terms
465
Wi-Fi Array
WPA2
(Wi-Fi Protected Access 2) WPA2 is the follow-on security method to WPA for
wireless networks and provides stronger data protection and network access
control. It offers Enterprise and consumer Wi-Fi users with a high level of
assurance that only authorized users can access their wireless networks. Like
WPA, WPA2 is designed to secure all versions of 802.11 devices, including
802.11a, 802.11b, 802.11g, and 802.11n, multi-band and multi-mode.
Xirrus Management System (XMS)
A Xirrus product used for managing large Wi-Fi Array deployments from a
centralized Web-based interface.
XP-3100
The Xirrus XP Power System (XP-3100) is a discontinued Xirrus product that
provides distributed DC power to multiple XS-3900 units.
XP1 and XP8—Power over Gigabit Ethernet modules
See PoGE.
XPS—Xirrus Power System
A family of optional Xirrus products that provides power over Gigabit Ethernet.
See PoGE.
466
Glossary of Terms
Wi-Fi Array
Index
Numerics
11n
see IEEE 802.11n 59
4.9 GHz Public Safety Band 282
802.11a 7, 9, 255, 267
802.11a/b/g 48
802.11a/b/g/n 17
802.11a/n 17, 107, 240
802.11b 7, 9, 269
802.11b/g 255, 269
802.11b/g/n 17, 107, 240
802.11e 19
802.11g 7, 9, 269
802.11i 9, 112, 176
802.11n
see IEEE 802.11n 59
WMI page 273
802.11p 19
802.11q 19
802.1x 9, 70, 79, 112, 176, 400
abg(n)
nomenclature 4
abg(n)2
intrusion detection 277
self-monitoring
radio assurance (loopback
mode) 278
AC power 69, 81, 83, 373, 376
Access Control List 209
Access Control Lists 400
access control lists (ACLs) 223
Access Panel 373, 376, 385
access panel
reinstalling 376
Index
removing 373
ACLs 70, 209, 400
Address Resolution Protocol
window 138
Address Resolution Protocol (ARP)
264
Admin 400
Admin ID 215
admin ID
authentication via RADIUS 216
Admin Management 215
admin RADIUS account
if using Console port 216
admin RADIUS authentication 216
administration 112, 176, 209
Administrator Account 394
Advanced Encryption Standard 70,
400
advanced intrusion detection 277
AES 9, 18, 70, 79, 112, 176, 392, 400
allow traffic
see filters 289
approved
setting rogues 148
APs 79, 148, 233, 400
rogues, blocking 276
APs, rogue
see rogue APs 275
ARP filtering 264
ARP table window 138
Array 50, 86, 94, 95, 107, 120, 176, 183
connecting 86
dismounting 95
management 295
mounting 86
powering up 107
securing 94
Web Management Interface 120
ArrayOS
upgrade 297
467
Wi-Fi Array
associated users 50
assurance (radio loopback testing) 275
authentication 18
of admin via RADIUS 216
authority
certificate 213, 221
auto negotiate 183
auto-blocking
rogue APs 276
auto-configuration 112, 260, 267, 269
channel and cell size 275
backhaul
see WDS 76
backup unit
see standby mode 275
band association 240
beacon interval 260
Beacon World Mode 260
beam distribution 17
benefits 16
blocking
rogue APs 276
blocking rogue APs 275
boot 297
broadcast 265
fast roaming 265
browser
certificate error 213, 221
BSS 398
BSSID 148, 398
buttons 124
capacity
of 802.11n 66
cascading style sheet
sample for web page redirect 301
cdp 322
468
CDP (Cisco Discovery Protocol)
settings 191
cdp CLI command 322
cell
sharp cell 275
cell size 50, 255, 389
auto-configuration 275
cell size configuration 275
certificate
about 213, 221
authority 213, 221
error 213, 221
install Xirrus authority 221
X.509 213, 221
channel
auto-configuration 275
configuration 275
list selection 275
public safety 275
channels 50, 148, 255, 260, 267, 269,
389
factory default 280
factory presets 281
non-overlapping 18
Chassis Cover 382
chassis cover 382
Cisco Discovery Protocol
see cdp 322
Cisco Discovery Protocol (CDP) 191
CLI 9, 79, 83, 110, 307
executing from WMI 303
using to upgrade software image
409
CLI commands
see commands 322
client
web page redirect 300
Command Line Interface 9, 75, 83, 107,
110, 307, 400
configuration commands 320
Index
Wi-Fi Array
getting help 309
getting started 309
inputting commands 309
sample configuration tasks 355
SSH 308
top level commands 311
command, utilities
ping, traceroute, RADIUS ping 301
commands
acl 320
admin 321
cdp 322
clear 323
configure 312
contact-info 324
date-time 325
dhcp-server 326
dns 327
file 328
filter 331
fips 333
group 334
hostname 334
https 335
interface 336
license 337
load 337
location 338
management 338
more 338
netflow 339
no 340
pci-audit 342
quit 343
radius-server 343
reboot 344, 353
reset 344
run-tests 345
security 347
show 315
Index
snmp 348
ssh 348
ssid 350
standby 350
statistics 318
syslog 351
telnet 353
vlan 354
Community String 390
configuration 175, 400
express setup 176
reset to factory defaults 298
configuration changes
applying 126
configuration files
download 298
update from local file 298
update from remote file 298
connection
tracking window 140
Console port
login via 216
Contact Information 417
contact information 417
coverage 50, 83
extended 17
coverage patterns 9
critical messages 123
CTS/RTS 267, 269
data rate 267, 269
data rates
increased by 802.11n 65
DC power 69, 83
default
preset channels 281
default gateway 112, 183
default settings 387
Default Value 391, 392
469
Wi-Fi Array
DHCP 391
defaults
reset configuration to factory defaults 298
Delivery Traffic Indication Message
260
deny traffic
see filters 289
deployment 48, 57, 75, 79, 83, 400
ease of 19
examples 57
scenarios 57
DHCP 50, 110, 112, 176, 183, 390
default settings 391
leases window 139
DHCP Server 193
diagnostics
log, create file 299
DIMM 380
DIMM Memory Module 380
DIMM module
replacing 380
DNS 112, 176, 190
DNS domain 190
DNS server 190
Domain Name System 190
DTIM 260
DTIM period 260
duplex 183
dynamic VLAN
overridden by group 250
EAP 392, 400
EAP-MDS 18
EAP-PEAP 400
EAP-TLS 18, 70, 400
EAP-TTLS 18, 70, 400
EDCF 260
Encryption 392, 400
470
encryption 18
encryption method
recommended (WPA2 with AES)
211
setting 211
support of multiple methods 211
encryption method (encryption mode)
Open, WEP, WPA, WPA2, WPABoth 210
encryption standard
AES, TKIP, both 211
setting 211
End User License Agreement 81
Enterprise 2, 7, 400
WLAN 7
Enterprise Class Management 9
Enterprise Class Security 9
ESS 398
ESSID 398
Ethernet 83, 86, 94, 107, 110, 112, 176
EULA 81
event log
see system log 173
event messages 123
Express Setup 94, 112, 176
express setup 112, 176
Extended Service Set 398
Extensible Authentication Protocol 400
external RADIUS server 802.1x 47
factory default settings 387
factory defaults 389, 390, 391, 392, 394
DHCP 391
reset configuration to 298
factory preset
channels 281
factory.conf 298
fail-over
standby mode 275
Index
Wi-Fi Array
failover 67, 79
Fan 373, 376
FAQs 398
Fast Ethernet 83, 110, 176, 183, 387
fast roaming 19, 135, 265
about 254
features 16, 75, 183, 196, 197, 260, 400
and license key 297
Federal Information Processing Standard (FIPS)
see FIPS 425
feedback 124
filter list 290
filter name 291
filters 289, 290, 291
statistics 171
FIPS
CLI command 333
FIPS 140-2 Security 425
firewall 289
and port usage 72
FLASH 378
FLASH memory
replacing 378
FLASH Memory Module 378
fragmentation threshold 267, 269
frequently asked questions 398
FTP 400
FTP server 47
General Hints 397
getting started
express setup 176
Gigabit 83, 110, 112, 176, 183, 387
global settings 260, 267, 269
glossary of terms 455
Group
management 249
group 247
Index
CLI command 334
VLAN overrides dynamic VLAN
250
Group Rekey 392
guard interval
short, for IEEE 802.11n 64
Help button 120
help button 124
host name 112, 120, 176, 190
hs.css 301
HTTPS
certificate, see certificate 221
HyperTerminal 46, 83
IAP 50, 107, 112, 176, 255, 267, 269,
283, 389
fast roaming 254
naming 4
settings 255
IAP LED 107, 283
IAP LED settings 283
IAPs
default channels 280
IEEE 7, 112, 176
IEEE 802.11n
capacity, increased 66
deployment considerations 59
guard interval, short 64
improved MAC throughput 64
increased data rates 65
MIMO 60
multiple data streams 62
spatial multiplexing 62
WMI page 273
IEEE 802.1Q 403
image
upgrade software image 297
471
Wi-Fi Array
implementing Voice over Wi-Fi 48,
205, 237
installation 45, 80, 86, 369
installing the MCAP-3616 83
mounting the unit 86
requirements 45
unpacking the unit 81
workflow 80
installation workflow 80
Integrated Access Point Module 382
integrated radio module
replacing 382
interfaces 176
Web 119
Internet Explorer 46
intrusion detection 148, 277
configuration 275
setting as approved or known 148
IP Address 50, 112, 120, 126, 148, 176,
183, 190, 197, 200, 295, 390
IP Subnet Mask 112
key
license, setting 337
upgrade 297
key features 16
Keyboard Shortcuts 394
keyboard shortcuts 394
known
setting rogues 148
lastboot.conf 298
Layer 3
fast roaming 254
lease 390
Lease Time 390
leases, DHCP
viewing 139
472
LEDs 107
sequence 107
settings 283
license Key
upgrading 297
license key
setting 337
list, access control
see access control list 223
list, MAC access
see access control list 223
location information 112, 120, 176
log
diagnostics, create file 299
log messages
counters 124
log, system (event)
viewing window 173
logging in 110, 126
Login 126
login
via Console port 216
login page
web page redirect 300
logout 305
long retry limit 260
loopback
see radio assurance 367
loopback testing
radio assurance mode 275
MAC 70, 110, 398, 400
MAC Access Control Lists 70
MAC Access List 223
MAC address 223, 398, 400
MAC throughput
improved by IEEE 802.11n 64
Main System Memory 380
Management 394, 400
Index
Wi-Fi Array
management
of Arrays 295
Web Management Interface (WMI)
119
maximum lease 390
Maximum Lease Time 390
Megabit 112
Message Integrity Check 400
messages
syslog counters 124
MIC 18, 400
MIMO (Multiple-In Multiple-Out) 60
monitoring
intrusion detection 148
see intrusion detection 277
mounting 86
mounting plate 86, 94, 95
mounting the unit 86
MTU 183
size 183
multiple data streams 62
NAT
table - see connection tracking 140
Netflow 196
netflow
CLI command 339
Netscape Navigator 45, 46
network
interfaces 182
settings 183
network connections 83, 126, 400
network installation 45, 369
network interface ports 110
network interfaces 183, 387
network status
ARP table window 138
connection
tracking window 140
Index
routing table window 138
viewing leases 139
Network Time Protocol 112, 176, 194
nomenclature 4
non-overlapping channels 18
NTP 112, 176, 194, 390
NTP Server 194
Open (encryption method) 210
optimization, VLAN 265
overview 9
passphrase 70, 112, 176
Password 394, 400
password 126
Payment Card Industry Data Security
Standard
see PCI DSS 419
PCI DSS 419
CLI command 342
pci-audit
CLI command 342
PDF 81
PEAP 18, 287
performance 16
Ping 295
ping 301
planning 67, 69, 70, 75
failover 67
network management 75
port failover 67
power 69
security 70
switch failover 67
WDS 76
PoGE 13, 45
see Power over Gigabit Ethernet 13
port failover 67
473
Wi-Fi Array
port requirements 72
power cord 373
power distribution 13
power outlet 45
Power over Gigabit Ethernet 3, 13, 21,
27, 35, 40, 45, 69, 84
compatibility with Array models
414
Power over Gigabit Ethernet (PoGE) 13
power planning 69
Power Supply 373, 376, 385
power supply
replacing 385
power switch 373
pre-shared key 70, 79, 400
Print button 120
print button 124
probe
see Netflow 196
product installation 45, 369
product overview 9
product specifications 20, 27, 34, 39
PSK 79, 392
public safety band 282
public safety channels 275
PuTTY 45, 75, 112, 176, 400
PuTTy 46
QoS 19, 240, 391, 398, 462
conflicting values 239
levels defined 241, 250
priority 240
SSID 236, 241
about setting QoS 399
default QoS 391
user group 250
Quality of Service 19
see QoS 241, 250
Quick Install Guide 81
474
quick reference guide 387
quick start
express setup 176
radio
assurance (self-test) 278
radio assurance (loopback testing) 275
radio assurance (loopback) mode 278
radio distribution 16
radios
default channels 280
naming 4
RADIUS 9, 45, 70, 79, 209, 223, 390,
400
admin authentication 216
RADIUS Ping command 301
RADIUS Server 390
RADIUS server 47
README file 81
reauthentication 260
reboot 297
redirect (WPR) 300
registration card 81
remote DC power 13
Reset 295, 390
reset configuration
to factory defaults 298
RF
intrusion detection 275
spectrum management 275
RF configuration 275
RF management
see channel 275
RF resilience 275
RFprotect, see XDM 277
roaming 19, 135, 265
roaming, fast 254
Rogue AP 9, 75, 148, 233, 400
rogue AP
Index
Wi-Fi Array
blocking 276
Rogue AP List 148
rogue APs
blocking 275
Rogue Control List 233
rogue detection 17
rogues
setting as known or approved 148
root command prompt 311
route
trace route utility 301
routing table window 138
RSSI 148
RTS 267, 269
RTS threshold 267, 269
sample Perl and CSS files for 300
save
with reboot 297
Save button 120
saved.conf 298
scalability 7
schedule
auto channel configuration 275
Secondary Port 390
Secondary Server 390
secret 390
Secure Shell 46
secure Shell 45
Security
FIPS 425
PCI DSS 419
security 9, 18, 209, 398, 400
certificate, see certificate 221
see group 247
self-monitoring 277
radio assurance 367
radio assurance options 278
self-test
Index
radio assurance mode 278
serial port 46, 110, 400
server, VTun
see VTun 208
Service Set Identifier 112
Services 193, 373, 376, 398
servicing 371
servicing the unit 369
settings 176
setup, express 176
sharp cell 275
setting in WMI 280
short retry limit 260
signal processing
MIMO 61
SNMP 9, 14, 112, 176, 183, 193, 200,
390
required for XMS 200, 201
software
upgrade license key 297
software image
upgrading via CLI 409
Software Upgrade 295
software upgrade 297
spatial multiplexing 62
specifications 20, 27, 34, 39
spectrum (RF) management 275
speed 7, 110, 183
11 Mbps 7
54 Mbps 7
splash page
web page redirect 300
SSH 45, 46, 75, 112, 176, 183, 210, 394,
400
SSH-2 210
SSID 9, 112, 120, 148, 176, 233, 240,
391, 398, 403
about usage 399
QoS 236, 241
about using 399
475
Wi-Fi Array
QoS, about usage 399
SSID Management 240, 391, 398
standby mode 275
static IP 112, 176, 183
station timeout period 260
Stations 398
stations
rogues 148
statistics 171
statistics per station 172
statistics 176
filters 171
netflow 196
per-station 172
stations 171
WDS 170
status bar 120, 124
submitting comments 124
subnet 45, 67, 112, 183
switch failover 67
synchronize 112, 176, 194
Syslog 112, 120, 176, 193, 197, 390
time-stamping 112
syslog messages
counters 124
Syslog reporting 197
Syslog Server 197
system commands
ping, trace route, RADIUS ping
301
System Configuration Reset 295
System Log 197
system log
viewing window 173
system memory
replacing 380
System Reboot 295
System Tools 295
system tools 296
476
T-bar 86
T-bar clips 86
TCP
port requirements 72
technical support
contact information 417
frequently asked questions 398
Telnet 210, 394, 400
Temporal Key Integrity Protocol 400
Time Out 390
time zone 112, 176, 194
timeout 260, 295
Tips 397
TKIP 18, 70, 79, 112, 176, 392, 400
tool
ping, trace route, RADIUS ping
301
Tools 295, 400
tools, system 296
trace route utility 301
traffic
filtering 289
transmit power 50, 389
Trap Host 390
trap port 200, 390
tunneled
fast roaming 265
tunnels
see VTun 205, 208
UDP
port requirements 72
Unit 86
attaching 86
mounting 86
unknown
setting rogues 148
unpacking the unit 81
Index
Wi-Fi Array
upgrade
license key 297
software image 297
upgrading software image
via CLI 409
UPS 45, 79
user group 247
QoS 250
user interface 119
utilities
ping, trace route, RADIUS ping
301
utility buttons 124
virtual tunnels
see VTun 208
VLAN 9, 79, 240, 391, 398, 403
broadcast optimization 265
dynamic
overridden by group 250
group (vs. dynamic VLAN) 250
VLAN ID 240
voice
fast roaming 254
implementing on Array 48, 205,
237
Voice-over IP 269
VoIP 269
VoWLAN 19
VPN 112, 176, 400
VTS
Virtual Tunnel Server 205, 208
VTun
specifying tunnel server 205, 208
understanding 205
wall thickness considerations 48
warning messages 123
Index
WDS 285, 287
about 76
planning 76
statistics 170
WDS Client Links 287
Web interface
structure and navigation 123
web interface 119
Web Management Interface 75, 94,
107, 110, 126, 398
Web Management Interface (WMI) 119
web page redirect 300
install files for 300
remove files for 301
sample WPR files 301
WEP 18, 70, 112, 176, 209, 240, 392,
400
WEP (Wired Equivalent Privacy)
encryption method 211
Wi-Fi Protected Access 9, 70, 112, 176,
400
Wired Equivalent Privacy 112, 400
Wireless Distribution System 285
wireless LAN 7
wireless security 176
WLAN 176
WMI 9, 75, 79, 110, 119, 255
certificate error 213, 221
executing CLI commands 303
workflow 80
WPA 9, 79, 112, 176, 209, 240, 392, 400
WPA (Wi-Fi Protected Access) and
WPA2
encryption method 211
WPA2 9
WPR 300
wpr.pl 300, 301
X.509
477
Wi-Fi Array
certificate 213, 221
Xirrus
certificate authority 221
Xirrus Defense Module (XDM) 277
Xirrus Management System 9, 14, 19,
47
SNMP required 200, 201
Xirrus Power over Gigabit Ethernet 45
Xirrus Power over Gigabit Ethernet
(PoGE) 13
Xirrus Remote DC Power System 2, 45,
83
Xirrus Roaming Protocol 19, 135, 265
Xirrus Wireless Management System
2, 45, 75, 400
XM-3300 2, 9, 45, 75, 79, 200, 400
XMS 9, 14, 19, 47
port requirements 72
setting IP address of 200
SNMP required 200, 201
XN Arrays
see also IEEE 802.11n 59
XN16
management 295
XP1, XP8
see Power over Gigabit Ethernet 13
XP-3100 2, 45, 79, 83
XPS 45
XRP 19, 135, 265
xs_current.conf 298
xs_diagnostic.log 299
XS16
management 127, 175, 295
XS-3500 2, 9
XS-3700 2, 9
XS-3900 2, 9, 50, 70, 240, 260, 382, 398,
400, 403
management 127, 175, 295
478
Index


---

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