Huawei Technologies AP505130DN Wireless LAN Access Point User Manual Hardware Installation and Maintenance Guide
Huawei Technologies Co.,Ltd Wireless LAN Access Point Hardware Installation and Maintenance Guide
Contents
User manual-2
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Huawei Indoor Access Points
Hardware Installation and
Maintenance Guide
Issue
08
Date
2014-04-10
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.
Copyright © Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. 2014. All rights reserved.
No part of this document may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means without prior written
consent of Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
Trademarks and Permissions
and other Huawei trademarks are trademarks of Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
All other trademarks and trade names mentioned in this document are the property of their respective holders.
Notice
The purchased products, services and features are stipulated by the contract made between Huawei and the
customer. All or part of the products, services and features described in this document may not be within the
purchase scope or the usage scope. Unless otherwise specified in the contract, all statements, information,
and recommendations in this document are provided "AS IS" without warranties, guarantees or representations
of any kind, either express or implied.
The information in this document is subject to change without notice. Every effort has been made in the
preparation of this document to ensure accuracy of the contents, but all statements, information, and
recommendations in this document do not constitute a warranty of any kind, express or implied.
Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
Address:
Huawei Industrial Base
Bantian, Longgang
Shenzhen 518129
People's Republic of China
Website:
http://enterprise.huawei.com
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About This Document
About This Document
Intended Audience
This document describes hardware features of indoor APs and provides basic installation
methods.
This document is intended for:
Network planning engineers
Hardware installation engineers
Commissioning engineers
Onsite maintenance engineers
System maintenance engineers
Symbol Conventions
The symbols that may be found in this document are defined as follows.
Symbol
Description
Indicates an imminently hazardous situation
which, if not avoided, will result in death or
serious injury.
Indicates a potentially hazardous situation
which, if not avoided, could result in death or
serious injury.
Indicates a potentially hazardous situation
which, if not avoided, may result in minor or
moderate injury.
Indicates a potentially hazardous situation
which, if not avoided, could result in
equipment damage, data loss, performance
deterioration, or unanticipated results.
NOTICE is used to address practices not
related to personal injury.
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Symbol
About This Document
Description
Calls attention to important information, best
practices and tips.
NOTE
NOTE is used to address information not
related to personal injury, equipment damage,
and environment deterioration.
Change History
Changes between document issues are cumulative. The latest document issue contains all
changes made in previous issues.
Issue 08 (2013-04-10)
This version has the following updates:
The following information is added:
AP5030DN and AP5130DN installation guide
Note: The network cable cannot exceed 100 meters.
Issue 07 (2014-01-15)
This version has the following updates:
Optimized the manual.
Issue 06 (2013-09-30)
This version has the following updates:
The following information is modified:
AP's default IP address and login password
Issue 05 (2013-06-29)
This version has the following updates:
The following information is modified:
Figure for converting SMA connectors to type—N connectors
Issue 04 (2013-04-30)
This version has the following updates:
The following information is modified:
Issue 08 (2014-04-10)
Figure of the sheet metal mounting brackets delivered with APs
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About This Document
Issue 03 (2013-01-30)
This version has the following updates:
The following information is added:
Descriptions about power adapters delivered with APs
Section: Removing an AP
Issue 02 (2012-12-31)
This version has the following updates:
The following information is added:
Power adapter cable connection figure
Issue 01 (2012-10-31)
Initial commercial release
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Contents
Contents
About This Document.....................................................................................................................ii
1 Indoor AP Overview.....................................................................................................................1
1.1 Device Structure.............................................................................................................................................................2
1.2 Indicator Description......................................................................................................................................................4
1.3 Basic Specifications........................................................................................................................................................7
2 AP Installation.............................................................................................................................11
2.1 Preparing for Installation..............................................................................................................................................12
2.2 Installation Flowchart...................................................................................................................................................13
2.3 Unpacking the Equipment............................................................................................................................................14
2.4 Determining the Installation Position...........................................................................................................................15
2.5 Installing the AP...........................................................................................................................................................16
2.5.1 Wall Mounting...........................................................................................................................................................17
2.5.2 Ceiling Mounting.......................................................................................................................................................19
2.5.3 T-rail Mounting.........................................................................................................................................................20
2.5.4 Removing an AP........................................................................................................................................................21
2.6 Connecting Cables........................................................................................................................................................22
2.7 Installing the Security Lock..........................................................................................................................................26
2.8 Checking the AP After Installation..............................................................................................................................26
2.9 Powering on the AP......................................................................................................................................................27
3 Logging In to the AP...................................................................................................................28
3.1 Logging In to the AP Through the Console Port..........................................................................................................29
3.2 Logging In to the AP Using Telnet..............................................................................................................................31
3.3 Logging In to the AP Using a Web Client....................................................................................................................31
4 Hardware Failures.......................................................................................................................33
4.1 An device Fails to Be Powered On...............................................................................................................................34
4.2 An Optical Interface Cannot Turn Up..........................................................................................................................34
5 Appendix.......................................................................................................................................36
5.1 On-site Cable Assembly and Installation.....................................................................................................................37
5.1.1 Cable Assembly Precautions.....................................................................................................................................37
5.1.2 Assembling Power Cables.........................................................................................................................................38
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5.1.3 Assembling Ethernet Cables......................................................................................................................................46
5.1.4 Installing Cable Accessories......................................................................................................................................60
5.1.5 Replacing the Mold of the Crimping Pliers...............................................................................................................76
5.2 Environmental Requirements for Device Operation....................................................................................................79
5.2.1 Environmental Requirements for an Equipment Room............................................................................................79
5.2.2 Requirements for Power Supply................................................................................................................................87
5.3 Equipment Grounding Specifications...........................................................................................................................90
5.3.1 General Grounding Specifications.............................................................................................................................90
5.3.2 Grounding Specifications for an Equipment Room..................................................................................................90
5.3.3 Grounding Specifications for Devices.......................................................................................................................90
5.3.4 Grounding Specifications for Communications Power Supply.................................................................................91
5.3.5 Grounding Specifications for Signal Cables.............................................................................................................92
5.3.6 Specifications for Laying Out Grounding Cables.....................................................................................................92
5.4 Engineering Labels for Cables.....................................................................................................................................93
5.4.1 Introduction to Labels................................................................................................................................................93
5.4.2 Engineering Labels for Optical Fibers.....................................................................................................................101
5.4.3 Engineering Labels for Network Cables.................................................................................................................104
5.4.4 Engineering Labels for User Cables........................................................................................................................105
5.4.5 Engineering Labels for Power Cables.....................................................................................................................106
5.5 Guide to Using Optical Modules................................................................................................................................109
5.6 Fault Tag.....................................................................................................................................................................112
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1 Indoor AP Overview
Indoor AP Overview
About This Chapter
Huawei indoor wireless LAN access points (APs) include the following models: AP3010DNAGN, AP5010DN-AGN, AP5010SN-GN, AP5030DN, and AP5130DN, AP6010DN-AGN,
AP6010SN-GN, AP6310SN-GN, AP7110DN-AGN, AP7110SN-GN. They provide
comprehensive service support capabilities and feature high reliability, high security, simple
network deployment, automatic AC discovery and configuration, and real-time management
and maintenance, meeting indoor deployment requirements.
Huawei indoor APs are especially applicable to places with simple building structure, small size,
dense users, and high capacity demands, such as small-size conference rooms, bars, and leisure
centers. They can be flexibly deployed according to surrounding environment.
1.1 Device Structure
1.2 Indicator Description
1.3 Basic Specifications
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1.1 Device Structure
Figures in Table 1-1 show the appearance of indoor APs.
CAUTION
There is a scald warning label attached on the device, warning you not to touch the device after
the device has been operating for a long time.
Table 1-1 Appearance of indoor APs
Product Model
Appearance
AP3010DN-AGN
AP5010DN-AGN
AP5010SN-GN
AP6010DN-AGN
AP6010SN-GN
DC 12V Default ETH/PoE
1 2
Console
AP5030DN
Issue 08 (2014-04-10)
Console
GE1
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GE0/PoE
DC 12V
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Product Model
1 Indoor AP Overview
Appearance
AP5130DN
10
Console
GE1
GE0/PoE
DC 12V
AP6310SN-GN
2.4G
Console
ETH/PoE
Default
DC 12V
11
AP7110DN-AGN
Console
ETH/PoE
11
Default
DC 12V
2 1
AP7110SN-GN
Console
11
ETH/PoE
Default
DC 12V
2 1
Table 1-2 describes interfaces on indoor APs.
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Table 1-2 Interfaces on indoor APs
No.
Name
Description
DC 12 V
DC power socket: connects a 12 V power
adapter to the AP.
Default
Reset button: restores factory settings if you
hold down the button more than 3s.
ETH/PoE
10/100/1000M bit/s interface: connects to the
wired Ethernet. The interface can connect to
a PoE power supply to provide power for the
AP.
GE1
10/100/1000M bit/s interface: connects to the
wired Ethernet.
GE0/PoE
10/100/1000M bit/s interface: connects to the
wired Ethernet. The interface can connect to
a PoE power supply to provide power for the
AP.
Console
Console interface: connects to a maintenance
terminal for AP configuration and
management.
Security slot
Connects to a security lock.
2.4 GHz antenna port
Connects a 2.4 GHz antenna to the AP.
5 GHz antenna port
Connects a 5 GHz antenna to the AP.
10
Dual-band antenna
port
Connects a dual-band antenna to the AP.
11
Device ground screw
Connects a ground cable to the AP.
1.2 Indicator Description
Indoor AP series products provide a single indicator or multiple indicators.
The AP3010DN-AGN, AP5010DN-AGN, AP5010SN-GN, AP5030DN, AP5130DN,
AP6010DN-AGN, and AP6010SN-GN provide only a single indicator.
The AP6310SN-GN, AP7110DN-AGN, and AP7110SN-GN provide multiple indicators:
SYS indicator, Link indicator, and Wireless indicator.
The following table describes indicators on indoor APs.
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NOTE
l Indicator colors may vary slightly at different temperature.
l After a Fit AP is powered on, you can run the led off command on the AC to turn off all AP indicators.
To restore the indicators to normal working status, run the led on command. Indicators on a Fat AP
cannot be turned off using the led off command.
Single indicator and SYS indicator
Table 1-3 Descriptions about the single indicator and SYS indicator
Type
Color
Status
Description
Default
status after
power-on
Green
Steady on
The AP is just powered on and the software is not
started yet.
Software
startup
status
Green
Steady on
after
blinking
once
After the system is reset and starts uploading the
software, the indicator blinks green once. Until the
software is uploaded and started, the indicator
remains steady green.
Running
status
Green
Blinking
once every
2s (0.5 Hz)
l The system is running properly, the Ethernet
connection is normal, and STAs are associated
with the AP.
l The system enters the Uboot CLI.
Alarm
Green
Blinking
once every
5s (0.2 Hz)
The system is running properly, the Ethernet
connection is normal, and no STA is associated with
the AP. The system is in low power consumption
state.
Blinking
once every
0.25s (4
Hz)
l The software is being upgraded.
l After the software is uploaded and started, the AP
working in Fit AP mode requests to go online on
the AC and maintains this state until it goes
online successfully on the AC (before the
CAPWAP link is established).
l The AP working in Fit AP mode fails to go online
on the AC (the CAPWAP link disconnects).
Fault
Issue 08 (2014-04-10)
Red
Steady on
A fault that affects services has occurred, such as a
DRAM detection failure or system software loading
failure. The fault cannot be automatically rectified
and must be rectified manually.
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Link indicator
Table 1-4 Descriptions about the Link indicator
Type
Color
Status
Description
LINK
Green
Steady on
The system is running properly, the Ethernet
connection is normal, and no data is being
transmitted.
ACT
Green
Blinking
The system is running properly, the Ethernet
connection is normal, and the AP is transmitting
data. The indicator blinks more quickly when more
data is being transmitted.
Wireless indicator
Table 1-5 Traffic volume indicator
Color
Status
Description
Yellow/green
Off
Radios are disabled, and no STA is connected
to the AP.
Yellow/green
Steady on
The AP has STAs connected to the 2.4 GHz
radio or 5 GHz radio, but no data is being
transmitted.
Green
Blinking
The AP has STAs connected to the 2.4 GHz
radio and is transmitting data. The indicator
blinks more quickly when more data is being
transmitted.
Yellow
Blinking
The AP has STAs connected to the 5 GHz
radio and is transmitting data. The indicator
blinks more quickly when more data is being
transmitted.
Yellow/green
Blinking
alternatively
The AP has STAs connected to both the 2.4
GHz radio and 5 GHz radio. The indicator
blinks more quickly when more data is being
transmitted.
Table 1-6 Wireless bridge indicator
Issue 08 (2014-04-10)
Color
Status
Description
Yellow/green
Off
The AP is not transmitting or receiving data
or the signal strength is extremely low.
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Color
1 Indoor AP Overview
Status
Description
Steady on
The AP is transmitting or receiving data
normally, and the signal strength is high.
Blinking green once
every 0.25 seconds (4
Hz)
The AP is transmitting or receiving data
normally, and the signal strength is medium.
Blinking once every
2s (0.5 Hz)
The AP is transmitting or receiving data
normally, and the signal strength is low.
NOTE
When the WDS/mesh function is enabled on an AP, the blinking frequency of its Wireless LED indicates
the receive signal strength on the WDS/mesh connection by default. After you connect an AP to a WDS/
mesh network, you can run the wifi-light { signal-strength | traffic } command on the AC to make the
Wireless LED blinking frequency indicate receive signal strength or service traffic rate.
wifi-light signal-strength:
l If the mesh function is enabled on the AP, the blinking frequency of the Wireless LED reflects
the weakest signal strength of all neighboring APs.
l If WDS is enabled on an AP, the blinking frequency of the Wireless LED reflects the strength
of signals received from a WDS AP.
l If the AP works in leaf mode, the blinking frequency of the Wireless LED reflects the strength
of signals received from a middle AP.
l If the AP works in middle mode, the blinking frequency of the Wireless LED reflects the
strength of signals received from a root AP.
l If the AP works in root mode, the blinking frequency of the Wireless LED reflects the weakest
signal strength of middle APs.
wifi-light traffic: allows the Wireless LED to reflect the service traffic volume on the radio.
The Fat AP does not support WDS/Mesh functions; therefore, the Wireless indicator of the Fat AP does
not indicate the signal strength.
The AP6310SN-GN does not support WDS/mesh functions; therefore, the Wireless indicator of the
AP6310SN-GN does not indicate the signal strength.
1.3 Basic Specifications
Table 1-7 Basic specifications of the AP3010DN-AGN, AP5010SN-GN, AP5010DN-AGN,
AP6010DN-AGN, and AP6010SN-GN
Item
Technical
specifications
Description
Dimensions (H x W x
D)
50 mm x 180 mm x 180 mm
Weight
0.4 kg
System memory
l 256 MB DDR2
l 32 MB flash memory
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Item
Description
Power specifications
Power input
l DC 12 V ± 10%
l PoE power supply: -48 V DC (in
compliance with IEEE 802.3af/at)
NOTE
The AP6010DN-AGN and AP6010SN-GN cannot
use the PoE power supply and DC power supply
simultaneously.
Maximum power
consumption
l AP3010DN-AGN: 9.5 W
l AP5010DN-AGN: 9.5 W
l AP5010SN-GN: 6.0 W
l AP6010DN-AGN: 10.2 W
l AP6010SN-GN: 6.5 W
NOTE
The actual maximum power consumption depends
on local laws and regulations.
Environment
specifications
Operating
temperature
-10°C to +50°C
Storage temperature
-40°C to +70°C
Operating humidity
5% to 95% (non-condensing)
Waterproof grade
IP31
Altitude
-60 m to 4000 m
Atmospheric
pressure
70 kPa to 106 kPa
Table 1-8 Basic specifications of the AP5030DN and AP5130DN
Item
Description
Technical
specifications
Dimensions (H x W x
D)
53 mm x 220 mm x 220 mm
Weight
1.0 kg
System memory
l 256 MB DDR2
l 32 MB flash memory
Power specifications
Power input
l DC 12 V ± 10%
l PoE power: -48 V DC (in compliance with
IEEE 802.3af/at)
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Item
Description
Environment
specifications
Maximum power
consumption
13 W
Operating
temperature
-10°C to +50°C
Storage temperature
-40°C to +70°C
Operating humidity
5% to 95% (non-condensing)
Waterproof grade
IP41
Altitude
-60 m to 4000 m
Atmospheric
pressure
70 kPa to 106 kPa
NOTE
The actual maximum power consumption depends
on local laws and regulations.
Table 1-9 Basic specifications of the AP6310SN-GN
Item
Description
Technical
specifications
Dimensions (H x W x
D)
35 mm x 150 mm x 130 mm
Weight
0.6 kg
System memory
l 128 MB DDR2
l 32 MB flash memory
Power specifications
Power input
l DC 12 V ± 10%
l PoE power supply: -48 V DC (in
compliance with IEEE 802.3af/at)
NOTE
The AP6310SN-GN cannot use the PoE power
supply and DC power supply simultaneously.
Environment
specifications
Issue 08 (2014-04-10)
Maximum power
consumption
8.3 W
Operating
temperature
-10°C to +50°C
Storage temperature
-40°C to +70°C
Operating humidity
5% to 95% (non-condensing)
Waterproof grade
IP31
NOTE
The actual maximum power consumption depends
on local laws and regulations.
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Item
Description
Altitude
-60 m to 4000 m
Atmospheric
pressure
70 kPa to 106 kPa
Table 1-10 Basic specifications of the AP7110SN-GN and AP7110DN-AGN
Item
Description
Technical
specifications
Dimensions (H x W x
D)
45 mm x 200 mm x 200 mm
Weight
1.0 kg
System memory
l 256 MB DDR3
l 32 MB flash memory
Power specifications
Power input
l DC 12 V ± 10%
l PoE power: -48 V DC
– AP7110SN-GN: IEEE 802.3af/at
– AP7110DN-AGN: IEEE 802.3at
Maximum power
consumption
l AP7110DN-AGN: 15.7 W
l AP7110SN-GN: 8.7 W
NOTE
The actual maximum power consumption depends
on local laws and regulations.
Environment
specifications
Issue 08 (2014-04-10)
Operating
temperature
-10°C to +55°C
Storage temperature
-40°C to +70°C
Operating humidity
5% to 95% (non-condensing)
Waterproof grade
IP41
Altitude
-60 m to 4000 m
Atmospheric
pressure
70 kPa to 106 kPa
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2 AP Installation
AP Installation
About This Chapter
2.1 Preparing for Installation
2.2 Installation Flowchart
2.3 Unpacking the Equipment
2.4 Determining the Installation Position
2.5 Installing the AP
2.6 Connecting Cables
2.7 Installing the Security Lock
2.8 Checking the AP After Installation
2.9 Powering on the AP
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2 AP Installation
2.1 Preparing for Installation
This section describes safety precautions and tool preparations for AP installation.
Safety Precautions
Take proper measures to prevent injuries and device damage.
Place the device in a dry and flat position away from any liquid and prevent the device from
slipping.
Keep the device clean.
Do not put the device and tools in the aisles.
CAUTION
Only the qualified personnel are permitted to install and remove the device and its accessories.
Before installation and operation, read the safety precautions carefully.
Tool Preparation
To install indoor APs, prepare the following tools:
Figure 2-1 Tools
Issue 08 (2014-04-10)
Maker
Phillips screwdriver
Flat-head screwdriver
Hammer drill
Utility knife
COAX crimping tool
Diagonal pliers
RJ45 crimping tool
Wire stripper
Network cable tester
Multimeter
Measuring tape
Ladder
Adjustable wrench
Hammer
ESD gloves
Level
6mm drill bit
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2 AP Installation
2.2 Installation Flowchart
The following figure shows the process for installing an indoor AP.
Figure 2-2 Installation flowchart of the AP3010DN-AGN, AP5010DN-AGN, AP5010SN-GN,
AP6010DN-AGN, AP6010SN-GN, AP6310SN-GN, AP7110SN-GN and AP7110DN-AGN
Start
Check before installation
To a T-rail
Fix the wall-mounting
bracket to a T-rail
Determine the
installation location
Against the ceiling
Against the wall
Fix the wall-mounting
Fix the wall-mounting
bracket against the wall
bracket against the ceiling
Install the AP
Connect the cable
Connect the security lock
to the lock hole
Check after installation
Power on the AP
End
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2 AP Installation
Figure 2-3 Installation flowchart of the AP5030DN and AP5130DN
Start
Check before installation
Determine the
installation location
To a T-rail
Fix the wall-mounting
bracket to a T-rail
Connect the cable
Against the ceiling
Against the wall
Fix the wall-mounting
Fix the wall-mounting
bracket against the wall
bracket against the ceiling
Install the AP
Connect the security lock
to the lock hole
Check after installation
Power on the AP
End
2.3 Unpacking the Equipment
Before unpacking the carton, ensure that the packing carton is intact and not damaged or soaked.
Stop unpacking if the equipment is rusted or soggy. Then, investigate causes and contact the
supplier.
After unpacking, check items in the carton against the packing list. If any item is missing, contact
the supplier or agent.
Usually, the packing carton contains all items listed in the packing list shown in Table 2-1.
Table 2-1 Packing list
Issue 08 (2014-04-10)
No.
Item
Quantity
Unit
AP device
PCS
Power adapter
(optional)
PCS
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2 AP Installation
No.
Item
Quantity
Unit
Sheet metal
mounting bracket4
PCS
2.4 GHz antenna1
PCS
5 GHz antenna1
PCS
Dual-band antenna
port2
PCS
Expansion screws
PCS
OT terminal3
PCS
Quick Start Guide
PCS
Pay attention to the following:
1.
Three 2.4 GHz antennas and three 5 GHz antennas are contained in the AP7110DN-AGN
carton, and three 2.4 GHz antennas are contained in the AP7110SN-GN carton. Cartons of
other models do not contain these two types of antennas..
2.
Only the AP5130DN carton contains three dual-band antennas.
3.
Only the AP6310SN-GN and AP7110 series have OT terminals delivered.
4.
Currently, two types of sheet metal mounting brackets are available: sheet metal mounting
bracket for the AP5030DN and AP5130DN, which has four mounting holes (see the left
figure in Figure 2-4), and sheet metal mounting bracket for other indoor AP models, which
has four mounting screws (see the right figure in Figure 2-4).
Figure 2-4 Sheet metal mounting brackets
2.4 Determining the Installation Position
When determining the AP installation position, comply with the following rules:
Issue 08 (2014-04-10)
Try to reduce the number of obstacles, such as walls, between the AP and user terminals.
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Install the AP away from electronic devices that can cause radio interference, such as the
microwave oven.
Install the AP in a hidden position that does not affect daily lives and work of residents.
Install the AP in a site that is free from leaking or dripping water, heavy dew, and humidity,
and take protective measures to prevent water from flowing into the equipment along the
cable.
Indoor APs are usually mounted on a wall or ceiling using sheet metal mounting brackets. The
installation position is determined by the site survey. There must be at least 200 mm clearance
between the cabling end of the AP and the wall. Figure 2-5 shows space requirements.
Figure 2-5 Mounting an AP
Celling
≥200mm
≥200mm
≥200mm
Wall
≥200mm
Floor
2.5 Installing the AP
All cables of the AP5030DN and AP5130DN, including network cables, power supply cables,
and console cables are routed towards the same direction. Before installing an AP on the
mounting bracket, connect cables to the AP first. Figure 2-6 shows cable deployment and AP
installation.
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Figure 2-6 Cable deployment and AP installation
NOTE
The AP5030DN and AP5130DN must have cables connected first before installation. Except the two
models, the procedures for installing the other models of indoor APs are the same unless otherwise stated.
The following figures use the AP7110DN-AGN as an example.
2.5.1 Wall Mounting
Mounting APs on a wall requires sheet metal mounting brackets and expansion screws. The
procedures are as follows:
1.
Fix the mounting bracket to the wall, adjust the installation position, and use the marker to
mark the drilling positions where expansion screws are installed.
UP
2.
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UP
85mm
59mm
Use a 6 mm drill bit to drill 25 mm to 30 mm deep holes in the drilling positions. Hammer
the expansion tubes into the holes until the expansion tubes are completely embedded into
the wall.
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25mm~30mm
3.
Fix the mounting bracket to the wall and use the Phillips screwdriver to fasten three
expansion screws into the expansion tubes.
UP
4.
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UP
Align the mounting holes at the rear of the AP with the mounting screws on the mounting
bracket and hang the AP on the bracket. Press the AP downwards to secure the AP on the
wall.
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5G
LAB
5G
5G
EL
NOTE
The AP5030DN and AP5130DN use a different type of sheet metal mounting bracket than other APs.
When installing an AP5030DN or AP5130DN, align the mounting screws at the rear of the AP with the
mounting holes on the sheet metal mounting bracket and then press the AP downwards to secure the AP
on the bracket.
2.5.2 Ceiling Mounting
1.
Fix a locking clip at the rear of the AP with two M3x6 screws. The locking clip prevents
the AP hung on the mounting bracket from swaying.
NOTE
Only the AP6310SN-GN and AP7110 series require the locking clip during their installation.
SYS
Link
Wire
5G
SYS
less
5G
Link
Wire
5G
less
5G
5G
5G
1. M3x6 screw
2.
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2. Locking clip
Remove a ceiling tile, determine locations of mounting holes based on the distance between
two installation holes on the mounting bracket, use a hammer drill to drill holes on the
ceiling tile, and fix the mounting bracket to the ceiling tile.
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UP
UP
35mm
1. Ceiling tile
2. Adjustable buckle
3. M4x30 screw
NOTICE
The screws provided for ceiling-mounting of APs are 30 mm long and can be used to fix
an AP on a ceiling not thicker than 15 mm. To install APs on thicker ceilings, you need to
purchase longer screws.
Hang the AP on the mounting screws by aligning the mounting holes at the rear of the AP
with the mounting screws on the bracket and push the AP horizontally to secure the AP.
5G
5G
3.
5G
SYS
Link
Wire
5G
less
5G
5G
NOTE
l Ensure that the AP is correctly installed on the mounting bracket and there must be 200 mm space
above and around the AP for maintenance.
l The AP5030DN and AP5130DN use a different type of sheet metal mounting bracket than other APs.
When installing an AP5030DN or AP5130DN, align the mounting screws at the rear of the AP with
the mounting holes on the sheet metal mounting bracket and then press the AP downwards to secure
the AP on the bracket.
2.5.3 T-rail Mounting
1.
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Fix a locking clip at the rear of the AP with two M3x6 screws. For installation methods,
see step 1 in Ceiling Mounting.
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NOTE
Only the AP6310SN-GN and AP7110 series require the locking clip during their installation.
2.
Remove two ceiling tiles around the T-rail, use screws to fix the adjustable buckle to the
mounting bracket, hook the adjustable buckle to the T-rail, and secure the screw on the
adjustable buckle to fasten the mounting bracket and T-rail.
1. T-rail
3. M3x6 screws
Align the mounting holes at the rear of the AP with the mounting screws on the sheet metal
mounting bracket and secure the AP on the bracket.
5G
5G
3.
2. Adjustable buckle
5G
SYS
Link
Wire
5G
less
5G
5G
NOTE
l Ensure that the AP is correctly installed on the mounting bracket and there must be 200 mm space
above and around the AP for maintenance.
l The AP5030DN and AP5130DN use a different type of sheet metal mounting bracket than other APs.
When installing an AP5030DN or AP5130DN, align the mounting screws at the rear of the AP with
the mounting holes on the sheet metal mounting bracket and then press the AP downwards to secure
the AP on the bracket.
2.5.4 Removing an AP
To remove an AP, push the metal reed upward with a screwdriver and use the other hand to pull
the AP horizontally (See Figure 2-7).
NOTE
Only the AP6310SN-GN and AP7110 series require the locking clip during their installation. Therefore, the
method of removing an AP by pushing the metal reed upward applies only to the AP6310SN-GN and AP7010
series.
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Figure 2-7 Removing an AP
metal sheet
5G
SYS
Link
Wireless
5G
5G
2.6 Connecting Cables
Figures in Table 2-2 show the appearance of indoor APs.
Table 2-2 Appearance of indoor APs (front view)
Product Model
Appearance
AP3010DN-AGN
AP5010DN-AGN
AP5010SN-GN
AP6010DN-AGN
AP6010SN-GN
DC 12V Default ETH/PoE
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Console
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Product Model
2 AP Installation
Appearance
AP5030DN
Console
GE1
GE0/PoE
DC 12V
AP5130DN
Console
GE1
GE0/PoE
DC 12V
AP6310SN-GN
2.4G
Console
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ETH/PoE
Default
DC 12V
23
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Product Model
2 AP Installation
Appearance
AP7110DN-AGN
Console
ETH/PoE
Default
DC 12V
AP7110SN-GN
Console
ETH/PoE
Default
DC 12V
Table 2-3 describes cable connections of indoor APs.
Table 2-3 Cable connections of indoor APs
No.
Cable
Description
5 GHz antenna cable
Connects a 5 GHz antenna to the AP to
transmit and receive service signals.
2.4 GHz antenna
cable
Connects a 2.4 GHz antenna to the AP to
transmit and receive service signals.
Dual-band antenna
Connects a dual-band antenna to the AP to
transmit and receive service signals.
Ground cable
Grounds the AP. The M4 connector of the
ground cable is connected to the AP and the
M6 connector is connected to the protection
ground.
Network cable
l The network cables used are category-5
enhanced or higher twisted pairs.
l Ensure that the AP is connected to the
Ethernet using the Ethernet cable that
works properly. If the Ethernet cable is not
working properly, for example, RJ45
connectors are short-circuited, the AP
may fail to be powered on or fail to work.
Before connecting an Ethernet cable to the
AP, use the cable test tool to check
whether the cable is qualified. If the cable
is unqualified, replace it.
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No.
Cable
Description
DC power adapter
l The AP supports the PoE power supply
and DC power supply.
l To connect the AP to a DC power source,
use the power adapter delivered with the
AP; otherwise, the AP maybe damaged.
NOTE
l Different power adapters are delivered with indoor AP products according to standards in the countries or
regions where the AP products are delivered. These countries and regions are identified by the barcode on
an AP's nameplate, including: EU (Europe), UK (United Kingdom), CN (China), AU (Australia), US (United
States), and USA (the AP is sold only in the U.S).
l The AP products sold in the U.S have a fixed country code US, and the country code change function is
disabled.
Pay attention to the following points when installing antennas
Antennas of the AP6310SN-GN, AP7110DN-AGN, AP7110SN-GN, and AP5130DN
must comply with local laws and regulations.
Antennas need to be installed by qualified personnel. An AP can only use the antennas
delivered with it.
You need to connect external antennas to the AP7110 series and AP5130DN. Exercise
caution when bending the antennas. Misoperation may hurt your hands.
When replacing WA633SNs with AP6310SN-GNs, you need to convert SMA connectors
to Type N connectors (see Figure a and Figure b). You can also make new feeder lines
matching the connectors of the AP6310SN-GNs (see Figure c).
Pay attention to the following points when installing network cables
Before connecting an Ethernet cable to the AP, use the cable test tool to check whether the
cable is qualified. If the cable is unqualified, replace it.
Do not connect the service network cable to the console port. Otherwise, the AP may be
damaged when the PoE power supply is used.
Use standard RJ45 connectors on network cables for the AP5010 series.
Before removing network cables or power cables from an AP5030DN or AP5130DN,
remove the AP from the mounting bracket first to prevent damage to the network cables or
power cables.
The cable cannot exceed 100 meters.
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2.7 Installing the Security Lock
There is a security slot on the AP. You can lock the AP to an immovable object to prevent the
AP against theft. The detailed procedures are as follows:
1.
Fasten the cable of the security lock to an immovable object around.
2.
Insert the security lock into the security slot and lock it.
2.4G
2.4G
2.4G
Security lock
Lock hole
NOTE
You need to purchase the security lock separately.
2.8 Checking the AP After Installation
Table 2-4 shows the items to be checked after AP installation is complete.
Table 2-4 AP installation checklist
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No.
Check Item
The AP is installed by strictly following the design draft. The installation
position meets space requirements, with maintenance space reserved.
The AP is securely installed.
The power cables and PGND cables are intact and not spliced.
Terminals of the power cables and PGND cables are welded or cramped
firmly.
All power cables or PGND cables are not short-circuited or reversely
connected and must be intact with no damage.
The power cables and ground cables are separated from other cables and
bundled separately.
The working ground, protection ground, and surge protection ground share
the same group of ground bars.
Connectors of signal cables are complete, intact, and tightly connected.
The signal cables are not damaged or broken.
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No.
Check Item
Labels on cables, feeders, or jumpers are clear and correct.
2.9 Powering on the AP
Indoor APs support the DC power supply and PoE power supply. You can select the power
supply mode as required.
Checking Before Power-on
After the AP installation is complete, check the following items before powering on the AP:
The AP is correctly connected to the power adapter if it uses the DC power supply.
The PoE power supply device is well grounded if the AP uses the PoE power supply.
NOTE
l The AP6010DN-AGN, AP6010SN-GN, and AP6310SN-GN cannot use the PoE power supply and DC
power supply simultaneously.
l Do not frequently power on and off an AP.
Indicator Status
You can check the power-on status by observing indicators on the AP. For details, see 1.2
Indicator Description.
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3 Logging In to the AP
Logging In to the AP
About This Chapter
After an AP is powered on, you can log in to the AP using either of the following methods:
3.1 Logging In to the AP Through the Console Port
3.2 Logging In to the AP Using Telnet
3.3 Logging In to the AP Using a Web Client
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3.1 Logging In to the AP Through the Console Port
This section describes how to log in to the AP through the console port. After logging in to the
AP, you can configure the AP using commands.
1.
Connect a PC to the AP using a console cable. Connect the RJ45 connector to the console
port of the AP and the DB9 connector to the serial port of a PC.
2.
Run the terminal emulation program on the PC. For example, to open the HyperTerminal
of Windows XP on the PC, choose Start > Programs > Accessories >
Communications > HyperTerminal. Enter a connection name and click OK, as shown
in Figure 3-1.
Figure 3-1 Setting up a connection
3.
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Select the serial port used on the PC and click OK, as shown in Figure 3-2.
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Figure 3-2 Selecting the connected port
4.
Set communication parameters, click Restore Defaults, and then click OK. See Figure
3-3.
Figure 3-3 Setting communication parameters
5.
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Press Enter until the command line prompt of the user view, such as , is
displayed. Then, you enter the user configuration interface. You can run commands to
configure the AP. Enter a question mark (?) whenever you need help.
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3.2 Logging In to the AP Using Telnet
This section describes how to log in to the AP using Telnet. After logging in to the AP, you can
configure the AP using commands.
NOTE
The Telnet protocol poses a security risk, and therefore the STelnet protocol is recommended.
1.
Connect a PC to the ETH/PoE interface of the AP using a network cable.
2.
Configure a static IP address for the PC. The IP address must be in the same network
segment as the AP's IP address. After completing the configuration, ping the AP's IP address
from the PC. If the ping operation succeeds, the connection is set up successfully. If the
ping operation fails, check whether the network cable is faulty.
NOTE
l In V200R002C00 and earlier versions, the IP address 192.168.0.1 and subnet mask 255.255.255.0
have been configured on VLANIF 1 of the AP before the delivery, and GE0/0/1 has been added to
VLAN 1 by default.
l In V200R003C00 and later versions, the IP address 169.254.1.1 and subnet mask 255.255.0.0 have
been configured on VLANIF 1 of the AP before the delivery, and GE0/0/1 has been added to VLAN
1 by default.
l If the AP working in Fit AP mode is online on the AC, the DHCP server automatically assigns an IP
address to the AP. You can remotely log in to the AC on a local terminal and run the display ap-runinfo id ap-id command to check the AP's IP address.
3.
Enter the command line interface on the PC. For example, in Windows XP, choose Start
> Run and enter cmd in the displayed dialog box.
4.
Use Telnet to log in to the AP.
5.
Enter the default user name admin. The initial password is admin in V200R002C00 and
earlire versions and is admin@huawei.com in V200R003C00 and later versions. If the
user view is displayed, you have logged in successfully.
NOTE
You can run the quit command to exit from the Telnet window. When the system fails to exit from the
Telnet window:
l If you logged in to the AP from an AC or a switch, press Ctrl+T to return to the AC or switch view.
This operation does not affect AP services.
l If you logged in to the AP from a PC, directly close the Telnet window. This operation does not affect
AP services.
3.3 Logging In to the AP Using a Web Client
Pre-configuration Tasks
Before configuring users to log in to the AP using HTTP, complete the following task:
Configure reachable routes between the terminal and .
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NOTE
l The web management system is enabled on the AP before delivery. The default IP address of the web
management system is 169.254.1.1 and the mask is 255.255.0.0. The web management system provides
a default user account, with the user name admin and password admin@huawei.com. Assign your
PC an IP address on the same network segment as the default IP address of the web management system,
and connect the PC to the GE interface. Start the web browser on the PC and visit http://169.254.1.1
to log in to the web management system.
l You can only log in to the FAT AP using the web platform.
Procedure
Step 1 Open a web browser on a PC, and enter the management address in the format of http://
169.254.1.1 in the address bar. Ensure that the PC and AC can communicate with each other.
Then press Enter. Set the language, user name, and password. The HTTPS login URL is
displayed in the address box indicating that the system has gone to the HTTPS login page.
NOTE
You can also enter https://IP address in the address box to log in to the AP using HTTPS. HTTPS ensures
security of login information during login and security of data exchanged during subsequent operations.
Step 2 Click Login or press Enter. The web system home page is displayed. You can manage and
maintain the . For details, see the Huawei Wireless Access Points Web-based Configuration.
----End
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4 Hardware Failures
Hardware Failures
About This Chapter
This section describes common methods for troubleshooting typical hardware faults.
4.1 An device Fails to Be Powered On
4.2 An Optical Interface Cannot Turn Up
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4.1 An device Fails to Be Powered On
Fault Description
The SYS indicators of an device is off.
Possible Causes
The power switch on the device is turned off.
The power cable is not securely connected to the device.
The power supply unit has failed.
– If the device connects to an external power source, its power adapter may fail.
– If the device has a built-in power supply, the device itself may be faulty.
Troubleshooting Procedure
1.
Check that the power switch is on.
2.
Check that the power cable is securely connected to the device.
3.
Check whether the power supply is normal.
l If the device uses a power adapter, replace the power adapter with a normal one. If the
device is powered on, the original power adapter is faulty. Contact Huawei technical
support or Huawei agent through Hotline&Email and ask them to replace the power
adapter.
4.
If the device still cannot be powered on, the device itself is faulty. Contact Huawei technical
support or Huawei agent through Hotline&Email and ask them to replace the device.
4.2 An Optical Interface Cannot Turn Up
Fault Description
After an optical interface is connected to a remote device through an optical fiber, its LINK
indicator is off.
NOTE
GE0/0/0 on the AP6610DN-AGN is a combo interface.
Possible Causes
The optical fiber is faulty.
The optical module on the optical interface cannot meet the requirements.
Troubleshooting Procedure
1.
Replace the optical fiber and optical module and check whether the optical interface can
turn Up. Ensure that the optical module meets the following requirements.
2.
Determine optical module attributes.
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l The optical module has passed Huawei certification.
l The transmission speed of the optical module is the same as the interface speed.
l The wavelength of the optical module is the same as that of the remote optical module.
l The transmission distance of the optical module is suitable for the actual distance
between the two devices.
NOTE
l The transmission distance of an optical module is 10 km, 15 km, 20 km, 40 km, or 80 km.
The optical modules with a longer transmission distance have a higher transmit power. If an
optical module with a long transmission distance is used for short-distance transmission, the
optical interface cannot turn Up because the transmit power is too high. The high transmit
power may even burn the receiver of the remote optical module. To reduce the transmit power
in this situation, use an optical attenuator between the optical module and optical fiber.
l Optical modules with different speeds are available, for example, 155 Mbit/s, 622 Mbit/s,
and 1.25 Gbit/s. It is recommended that you use an optical module with the same speed as
the optical interface to ensure efficient optical transmission.
3.
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If the interface remains Down, contact Huawei technical support through Hotline&Email.
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5 Appendix
Appendix
About This Chapter
5.1 On-site Cable Assembly and Installation
5.2 Environmental Requirements for Device Operation
5.3 Equipment Grounding Specifications
5.4 Engineering Labels for Cables
5.5 Guide to Using Optical Modules
5.6 Fault Tag
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5 Appendix
5.1 On-site Cable Assembly and Installation
5.1.1 Cable Assembly Precautions
Checking the Appearance of Cables
If the cable jacket or insulation is visibly dirty, clean it before assembly.
If the jacket or insulation of a cable has visible damage, irreparable scuffing, or other
defects, do not use the cable.
If the shield layer of a cable is damaged, do not use the cable.
If the cable jacket or insulation cracks after the cable is bent or twisted, discard this cable
and check whether other cables have the same problem. If other cables have the same
problem, replace these cables.
Checking the Appearance of Connectors
Do not use connectors with visible defects, damage, rust or scuffing.
Do not use connectors if their pins or shells are damaged.
Do not use connectors that have dirt on their pins or in their jacks or if there are conductors
between pins or between pins and the shell.
Precautions for Assembly
Use dedicated tools or tools delivered by Huawei and follow the methods given here during
assembly.
Hold terminals of cables instead of pulling the cables when installing or removing cable
components.
Take the following precautions when cutting or stripping cables:
– Make cables slightly longer than necessary.
– Coil cables longer than 2 m (6.56 ft) after cutting. Bind and fasten the coils using
bundling ropes. The inner diameters of the coils should be larger than 20 times the outer
diameters of the cables.
– When stripping the jackets of cables, avoid damaging the shield layers (braid or
aluminum foil), insulation, core conductors, and other jackets that do not need to be
stripped.
– Clean the exposed jackets. Cut all cables neatly.
– Do not touch the core conductors of cables with your hands. Terminate exposed
conductors in a timely way after stripping off insulation so that the surface of the
conductors does not become oxidized.
Take the following precautions when crimping and connecting cables or connectors:
– The terminals and conductors should be connected tightly after they are crimped. They
should not be moved or turned.
– Cut all the exposed copper wires.
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5 Appendix
– Try to avoid a second crimping of sleeves.
– Keep all the conductors clean and aligned.
NOTE
The connectors, cables, and tools provided by different vendors may be different. The figures in this
document are only for your reference.
5.1.2 Assembling Power Cables
Assembling the OT Terminal and Power Cable
Context
Figure 5-1 shows the components of an OT terminal and a power cable.
Figure 5-1 Components of an OT terminal and a power cable
A Heat-shrinkable tubing
B. Bare crimping terminal
C. Insulation
D. Conductor
Procedure
Step 1 Based on the cross-sectional area of the cable conductor, strip a part of the insulation. This
exposes length L1 of the conductor, as shown in Figure 5-2. The recommended values of L1
are listed in Table 5-1.
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Figure 5-2 Stripping a power cable (OT terminal)
NOTICE
l When you strip a power cable, do not damage the conductor of the cable.
l If the bare crimping terminal is not provided by Huawei, the value of L1 is 1 mm (0.04 in.)
to 2 mm (0.08 in.) greater than the value of L.
Table 5-1 Mapping between the cross-sectional area of the conductor and the value of L1
CrossSectional Area
of Conductor
(mm2(in.2))
Value of L1 (mm
(in.))
Cross-Sectional
Area of Conductor
(mm2(in.2))
Value of L1 (mm
(in.))
1 (0.002)
7 (0.28)
10 (0.015)
11 (0.43)
1.5 (0.002)
7 (0.28)
16 (0.025)
13 (0.51)
2.5 (0.004)
7 (0.28)
25 (0.039)
14 (0.55)
4 (0.006)
8 (0.31)
35 (0.054)
16 (0.63)
6 (0.009)
9 (0.35)
50 (0.077)
16 (0.63)
NOTE
If you are proficient in assembling OT terminals and power cables, you can obtain the value of L1 by
comparing the part to be crimped with the power cable.
Step 2 Put the heat-shrinkable (A) tubing onto the bare crimping terminal, as shown in Figure 5-3.
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Figure 5-3 Putting the heat shrink tubing onto the bare crimping terminal
Step 3 Put the OT terminal onto the exposed conductor, and ensure that the OT terminal is in good
contact with the insulation of the power cable, as shown in Figure 5-3.
NOTICE
After the conductor is fed into the OT terminal, the protruding part of the conductor, or L2 in
Figure 5-3, must not be longer than 2 mm (0.08 in.).
Step 4 Crimp the joint parts of the bare crimping terminal and the conductor, as shown in Figure 5-4.
NOTE
The shapes of crimped parts may vary with the crimping dies.
Figure 5-4 Crimping the joint parts of the bare crimping terminal and the conductor (OT
terminal)
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Step 5 Push the heat shrink tubing (A) towards the connector until the tube covers the crimped part,
and then heat the tube by using a heat gun, as shown in Figure 5-5.
Figure 5-5 Heating the heat shrink tubing (OT terminal)
NOTICE
When you heat the heat shrink tubing, do not heat it too long.
----End
Assembling the JG Terminal and Power Cable
Context
Figure 5-6 shows the components of a JG terminal and a power cable.
Figure 5-6 Components of a JG terminal and a power cable
A. JG terminal B. Heat-shrinkable tube C. Insulation layer of a power cable D. Conductor of a power cable
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Procedure
Step 1 Based on the cross-sectional area of the cable conductor, strip a part of the cable. The L-long
conductor is exposed, as shown in Figure 5-7. The recommended values of L are listed in Table
5-2.
NOTICE
l When you strip a power cable, do not damage the conductor of the cable.
l If the bare crimping terminal is not provided by Huawei, you can adjust the value of L as
required.
Figure 5-7 Stripping a power cable (JG terminal)
Table 5-2 Mapping between the cross-sectional area of the conductor and the value of L
Cross-Sectional Area of Conductor
(mm2(in.2))
Value of L (mm(in.))
16 (0.025)
13 (0.51)
25 (0.039)
14 (0.55)
35 (0.054)
16 (0.63)
50 (0.077)
16 (0.63)
Step 2 Put the heat shrink tubing onto the bare crimping terminal, as shown in Figure 5-8.
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Figure 5-8 Putting the heat shrink tubing onto the bare crimping terminal
Step 3 Put the bare crimping terminal onto the exposed conductor, and ensure that the bare crimping
terminal is in good contact with the insulation of the power cable, as shown in Figure 5-8.
Step 4 Crimp the joint parts of the bare crimping terminal and the conductor, as shown in Figure 5-9.
Figure 5-9 Crimping the joint parts of the bare crimping terminal and the conductor (JG terminal)
Step 5 Push the heat shrink tubing towards the connector until the tube covers the crimped part, and
then heat the tube by using a heat gun, as shown in Figure 5-10.
Figure 5-10 Heating the heat shrink tubing (JG terminal)
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----End
Assembling the Cord End Terminal and the Power Cable
Context
Figure 5-11 shows the components of a cord end terminal and a power cable.
Figure 5-11 Components of a cord end terminal and a power cable
A. Cord end terminal
B. Insulation layer of a power cable
C. Conductor of a power cable
Procedure
Step 1 Based on the cross-sectional area of the cable conductor, strip a part of the insulation. The L1long conductor is exposed, as shown in Figure 5-12. The recommended values of L1 are listed
in Table 5-3.
NOTICE
When you strip a power cable, do not damage the conductor of the cable.
Figure 5-12 Stripping a power cable (cord end terminal)
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Table 5-3 Mapping between the cross-sectional area of the conductor and the value of L1
CrossSectional Area
of Conductor
(mm2(in.2))
Value of L1 (mm
(in.))
Cross-Sectional
Area of Conductor
(mm2(in.2))
Value of L1 (mm
(in.))
1 (0.002)
8 (0.31)
10 (0.015)
15 (0.59)
1.5 (0.002)
10 (0.39)
16 (0.025)
15 (0.59)
2.5 (0.004)
10 (0.39)
25 (0.039)
18 (0.71)
4 (0.006)
12 (0.47)
35 (0.054)
19 (0.75)
6 (0.009)
14 (0.55)
50 (0.077)
26 (1.02)
Step 2 Putting the cord end terminal onto the conductor, and ensure that the conductor is aligned with
the edge of the cord end terminal, as shown in Figure 5-13.
NOTICE
After the conductor is fed into the cord end terminal, the protruding part of the conductor must
not be longer than 1 mm (0.04 in.).
Figure 5-13 Put the cord end terminal onto the conductor
Step 3 Crimp the joint parts of the cord end terminal and the conductor, as shown in Figure 5-14.
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Figure 5-14 Crimping the cord end terminal and the conductor
Step 4 Check the maximum width of the tubular crimped terminal. The maximum width of a tubular
crimped terminal is listed in Table 5-4.
Table 5-4 Maximum width of a tubular crimped terminal
Cross-Sectional Area of Tubular
Terminal (mm2(in.2))
Maximum Width of Crimped Terminal
W1 (mm(in.))
0.25 (0.0004)
1 (0.04)
0.5 (0.0008)
1 (0.04)
1.0 (0.0015)
1.5 (0.06)
1.5 (0.0023)
1.5 (0.06)
2.5 (0.0039)
2.4 (0.09)
4 (0.006)
3.1 (0.12)
6 (0.009)
4 (0.16)
10 (0.015)
5.3 (0.21)
16 (0.025)
6 (0.24)
25 (0.039)
8.7 (0.34)
35 (0.054)
10 (0.39)
----End
5.1.3 Assembling Ethernet Cables
Assembling the Shielded RJ45 Connector and Ethernet Cable
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Context
Figure 5-15 shows the components of an RJ45 connector and a shielded Ethernet cable.
Figure 5-15 Shielded RJ45 connector and cable
A. Jacket of connector
B. Metal shell of connector
C. Wire holder of connector D. Plug of connector
E. Jacket of Ethernet cable F. Shield layer of Ethernet cable G. Twisted-pair wires
Procedure
Step 1 Fit the jacket of the connector onto the Ethernet cable, as shown in Figure 5-16.
Figure 5-16 Fit the jacket of the connector onto the Ethernet cable
Step 2 Remove a 30 mm (1.18 in.) long section of the jacket, cut off the nylon twine inside the jacket,
and cut a 5 mm (0.20 in.) cleft in the jacket, as shown in Figure 5-17.
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NOTICE
l When you remove a section of the jacket, do not damage the shield layer of the twisted-pair
cable.
l When you remove the shield layer, do not damage the insulation of the twisted-pair cable.
Figure 5-17 Removing the jacket of a twisted-pair cable (unit: mm (in.))
Step 3 Fit the metal shell onto the twisted-pair cable. The shield layer is covered by the metal shell, as
shown in Figure 5-18.
Figure 5-18 Fitting the metal shell onto the twisted-pair cable
Step 4 Fit the metal shell onto the twisted-pair cable until the shield layer is covered completely. Along
the edge of the metal shell, cut off the aluminum foil shield layer and ensure that there is no
surplus copper wire. The exposed twisted-pair cable is about 20 mm (0.79 in.) long, as shown
in Figure 5-19.
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Figure 5-19 Removing the shield layer of a twisted-pair cable (unit: mm (in.))
Step 5 Based on the colors, lead the four pairs of twisted-pair wires through the wire holder, as shown
in Figure 5-20 and Figure 5-21.
Figure 5-20 Leading wires through the wire holder
G C
Figure 5-21 Cable locations in a wire holder
White-Orange
Orange
White-Green
Green
Blue
White-Blue
White-Brown
Brown
Step 6 Align the four pairs of cables in the holder, as shown in Figure 5-22. The connections between
the wires and the pins are shown in Figure 5-23 and listed in Table 5-5.
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Figure 5-22 Four pairs of cables on a wire holder
Figure 5-23 Connections between wires and pins
White-Orange
Orange
White-Green
Blue
White-Blue
Green
White-Brown
Brown
Pin 8
Pin 1
Table 5-5 Connections between wires and pins (using a straight-through cable as an example)
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Matching Pins of Wires
Wire Color
White-Orange
Orange
White-Green
Blue
White-Blue
Green
White-Brown
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Matching Pins of Wires
Wire Color
Brown
Step 7 Cut off the surplus cables along the lower edge of the wire holder, as shown in Figure 5-24.
Figure 5-24 Cutting off surplus cables
Step 8 Put the connector body onto the wire holder and turn the metal shell by 90°, as shown in Figure
5-25.
NOTE
Ensure that the wire holder is in good contact with the connector body.
Figure 5-25 Put the connector body onto the wire holder
Step 9 Push the metal shell towards the connector body until the wire holder and the connector body
are engaged completely. Crimp the connector.
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Figure 5-26 Crimping the connector
Step 10 Push the jacket towards the metal shell until the metal shell is covered. This completes the
assembly of one end of the cable, as shown in Figure 5-27.
Figure 5-27 Pushing the metal shell
Step 11 To complete the assembly of the other end, repeat Step 1 through Step 10.
----End
Assembling an Unshielded RJ45 Connector and Ethernet Cable
Context
Figure 5-28 shows the components of an unshielded RJ45 connector and cable.
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Figure 5-28 Components of an unshielded RJ45 connector and cable
A. Plug of connector
B. Jacket
C. Twisted-pair wires
Procedure
Step 1 Remove a 16-mm (0.63 in.) long section of the jacket, as shown in Figure 5-29.
NOTICE
When you remove the shield layer, do not damage the insulation of the twisted-pair cable.
Figure 5-29 Removing the jacket of a twisted-pair cable (unit: mm (in.))
Step 2 Align the four pairs of wires and cut the ends neatly, as shown in Figure 5-30. The connections
between the wires and the pins are listed in Table 5-6.
Figure 5-30 Connections between wires and pins (unit: mm (in.))
Pin 8
Pin 1
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White-Orange
Orange
White-Green
Blue
White-Blue
Green
White-Brown
Brown
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Table 5-6 Connections between wires and pins (using a straight-through cable as an example)
Matching Pins of Wires
Wire Color
White-Orange
Orange
White-Green
Blue
White-Blue
Green
White-Brown
Brown
Step 3 Feed the cable into the plug, and crimp the connector, as shown in Figure 5-31.
NOTE
Ensure that the cable is in good contact with the plug.
Figure 5-31 Crimping the connector
Step 4 To complete the assembly of the other end, repeat Step 1 through Step 3.
----End
Checking the Appearance of Contact Strips
Context
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To ensure proper contact between the crimped wires and the wire conductors, the heights
and sizes of the contact strips must be standard and the same.
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The contact strips must be parallel to each other, with an offset less than ± 5°. The top
margin of a strip must be parallel to the axis of the connector, with an offset less than ±
10°.
To ensure conduction, the surface of the contact strips must be clean.
The contact strips must be in good contact with the RJ45 socket. The plastic separators
must remain intact and be aligned.
The contact strip blade must extend beyond the ends of the wires. The ends of the wires
must be in contact with the edge of the RJ45. The distance between them must be less than
0.5 mm (0.02 in.).
Procedure
Step 1 Hold the crimped connector, with the front side facing you, and check whether the contact strips
are of the same height. The height should be 6.02 ± 0.13 mm (0.237 ± 0.005). If a measuring
tool is not available, you can compare the connector with a standard connector. Figure 5-32
shows an unqualified piece, and Figure 5-33 shows a qualified piece.
NOTE
All unqualified pieces must be crimped again.
Figure 5-32 Contact strips of different heights
Figure 5-33 Contact strips of the same height
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Step 2 Hold an RJ45 connector and turn it 45°. Observe the top edges of the metal contact strips. Figure
5-34 shows an unqualified piece.
Figure 5-34 Unparallel contact strips of different heights
Step 3 Check whether the contact strips are clean. If they are not clean and the dirt cannot be removed,
replace it with a new RJ45 connector. Figure 5-35 shows an unqualified piece.
Figure 5-35 Dirt on a contract strip
Step 4 Check whether the contact strips and the plastic separators are well aligned and intact. If a
separator is skew and cannot be fixed, replace it with a new RJ45 connector. Figure 5-36 shows
an unqualified piece.
Figure 5-36 Skew plastic separators
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Step 5 Hold the connector with the side facing towards you, and check whether you can see the crosssections of the wires. Ensure that the ends of the wires are in good contact with the edge of the
RJ45, and that the contact strip blade extends beyond the ends of the wires and is crimped with
the wires. If not, replace the connector. Figure 5-37 shows an unqualified piece.
Figure 5-37 Wires not in good contact with the edge of the RJ45
----End
Testing the Connection of Assembled Cables
Context
Huawei provides two types of Ethernet cables: straight-through cables and crossover cables.
Straight-through cables are connected in a one-to-one manner. They are used to connect
terminals such as a computer or switch to network devices. Table 5-7 lists the connections
of core wires in a straight-through cable.
Table 5-7 Connections of core wires in a straight-through cable
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RJ45 Connector 1
RJ45 Connector 2
Core Wire Color
Twisted or Not
Orange
Twisted
Orange-White
Green
Green-White
Blue
Blue-White
Brown
Brown-White
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Crossover cables are connected in a crossover manner. They are used to connect terminals
such as two computers or switches. Table 5-8 lists the connections of core wires in a
crossover cable.
Table 5-8 Connections of core wires in a straight crossover cable
RJ45 Connector 1
RJ45 Connector 2
Core Wire Color
Twisted or Not
Orange
Twisted
Orange-White
Green
Green-White
Blue
Blue-White
Brown
Brown-White
Twisted
Twisted
Twisted
Figure 5-38 shows the pins of an RJ45 connector.
Figure 5-38 Pins of an RJ45 connector
Pin8
Pin1
Procedure
Step 1 Feed both connectors of the cable into the ports of the cable tester.
Step 2 After the connectors are properly inserted, turn on the tester. If the indicators from 1 to G turn
on simultaneously, you can infer that the pins work normally and the wires are correctly
connected.
NOTE
Turn the switch to the S position to slow down lighting of the indicators so that you can see the indicators
more clearly, as shown in Figure 5-39.
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Figure 5-39 Testing the conduction and connections of wires
Step 3 Gently shake the connector and repeat Step 2 to check whether the metal contact strips are in
good contact with the core wires and Ethernet ports, as shown in Figure 5-40.
Figure 5-40 Checking the reliability
The procedure for testing a crossover cable is the same as that for testing a straight-through cable
except for the sequence in which the indicators turn on. You need to refer to the wire connections
of a crossover cable.
The Ethernet cable is qualified if the indicators turn on in the following sequence:
At the master (left) section of the tester, the indicators turn on in the sequence of 1-8-G. At the
slave (right) section of the tester, the indicators turn on in the sequence of 3-6-1-4-5-2-7-8-G.
Otherwise, the Ethernet cable is unqualified.
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NOTE
If a tester is not available, you can use a multimeter to perform a simple test, as shown in Figure 5-41.
Figure 5-41 Testing the connection of an Ethernet cable
----End
5.1.4 Installing Cable Accessories
Precautions for Installing Cable Accessories
Tools
NOTE
The illustrations in this document may differ from actual situations. For example, in this document, the
adapters of cable connectors have separate interfaces. In the actual situation, the adapters may have
interfaces fixed on equipment.
Use dedicated tools provided or specified by Huawei and follow the installation procedure
described here.
Bending Radius
Unless otherwise specified, bending radiuses (R) of cables or fibers must meet the requirements
listed in Table 5-9.
Table 5-9 Bending radiuses of cables or fibers
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Cable or Fiber
Bending Radius (R)
Ordinary cable
In normal cases, R ≥ 2d. When the cable is
connected with a connector, R ≥ 5d.
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Cable or Fiber
Bending Radius (R)
Fiber
R ≥ 40 mm (1.57 in.); Bending angle > 90°
NOTE
The letter d indicates the diameter of a cable or fiber.
Precautions for Installation
Hold the terminals of cables instead of pulling the cables when installing or removing the
cable components.
Do not insert a connector forcibly when the connector is blocked. Pull out the connector
by using a dedicated tool. Install the connector again after you check that the pins are
inserted properly.
Before tightening screws on cable connectors, ensure that the connectors are properly
connected with their adapters. Use flathead or Phillips head screwdrivers and do not use
too much force. To avoid damaging screws or adapters, do not tighten the screws forcibly.
When removing densely aligned cables or fiber connectors, use dedicated pliers such as
cable-pulling pliers and fiber-pulling pliers.
Do not twist, bend, stretch, or extrude fibers during installation.
Cover the fiber connectors that are not in use by using dustproof caps. Remove the dustproof
caps before using the fiber connectors.
Requirements for Cable Routing
To protect cables, remove the burrs in the cable through-holes or install protective rings in
the holes.
To ease the connection and to avoid stress, keep slack at cable joints. After connecting
multiple cables to a connector that has multiple interfaces, keep the cables slack to avoid
stress generation.
Bind or clean cables gently because cable distortion affects signal quality.
Keep cables away from moveable components such as doors.
Sharp objects must not be touched in cable wiring to ensure that cables are not damaged.
To protect power cables, power cables of the active and standby power modules are laid
separately.
Installing Power Adapters
Installing the OT Terminal
Procedure
Install an OT terminal.
1.
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Align the hole of the OT terminal (conductor upward) with a connecting hole, as shown
in Figure 5-42.
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Figure 5-42 Aligning the OT terminal with a connecting hole
NOTE
When you install an OT terminal, the crimping sleeve is installed as shown in Figure 5-43,
where A is correct and B is wrong.
Figure 5-43 Installing an OT terminal, showing the orientation of crimping sleeve
2.
Mount a matching screw and fasten it in the clockwise direction, as shown in Figure
5-44.
Figure 5-44 Installing two terminals back to back
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NOTICE
Ensure that the OT terminal is not in contact with other terminals or metal components.
3.
Move the cable slightly and ensure that it is securely connected, as shown in Figure
5-45.
Figure 5-45 Installed OT terminal
Install two OT terminals on a post.
Before you install two OT terminals on a post, ensure that the two terminals can be installed
on the post and that the electrical connecting pieces have a large contact area. Two OT
terminals can be installed using any of these methods:
– Bend the upper OT terminal at a 45- or 90-degree angle, as shown in Figure 5-46.
– Cross the two terminals, as shown in Figure 5-47.
Figure 5-46 Bending the upper OT terminal at a 45- or 90-degree angle
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Figure 5-47 Crossing two terminals
NOTICE
If the two terminals are different in size, place the smaller one above the bigger one. A
maximum of two terminals can be installed on a post.
To remove an OT terminal, loosen the screw in the counterclockwise direction.
----End
Installing the Cord End Terminal
Procedure
Step 1 Hold a cord end terminal upright and place it on a terminal jack, as shown in Figure 5-48. To
ensure bump contact and dense connection, place the plain side of the terminal outwards.
Figure 5-48 Placing a terminal on a terminal jack vertically
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Step 2 Insert the terminal into the jack vertically, and fasten the terminal by turning the matching screw
in the clockwise direction, as shown in Figure 5-49.
Figure 5-49 Feeding the terminal into the jack
NOTICE
l Ensure that the exposed section of the terminal should be less than 2 mm (0.079 in.) in length.
l Do not press the insulation of the terminal.
l Insert only one terminal into one jack.
Step 3 Move the cable slightly and ensure that it is securely connected.
Step 4 Before you remove a cord end terminal, loosen the screw in the counterclockwise direction.
----End
Installing Ethernet Adapters
Installing a Shielded Ethernet Connector
Procedure
Step 1 Hold the male and female connectors, with the male connector facing the female connector, as
shown in Figure 5-50.
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Figure 5-50 Holding the male and female connectors
Step 2 Insert the male connector into the female connector, as shown in Figure 5-51.
Figure 5-51 Feeding the male connector into the female connector
Step 3 When you hear a click, the cable connector is completely inserted in the port. (The clip on the
cable connector pops up to fix the connector in the port.) Pull the connector slightly and ensure
that it is securely connected.
Figure 5-52 Installed Ethernet connector
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Step 4 To remove an Ethernet connector, press the locking key and pull out the connector, as shown in
Figure 5-53.
Figure 5-53 Removing an Ethernet connector
----End
Installing an Unshielded Ethernet Connector
Procedure
Step 1 Hold the male and female connectors, with the male connector facing the female connector, as
shown in Figure 5-54.
Figure 5-54 Holding the male and female connectors
Step 2 Feed the male connector into the female connector, as shown in Figure 5-55.
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Figure 5-55 Feeding the male connector into the female connector
Step 3 A crisp click indicates that the connector is locked by the locking key. Pull the connector slightly
and ensure that it is securely connected. Figure 5-56 shows an installed Ethernet connector.
Figure 5-56 Installed Ethernet connector
Step 4 To remove an Ethernet connector, press the locking key and pull out the connector, as shown in
Figure 5-57.
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Figure 5-57 Removing an Ethernet connector
----End
Installing Fiber Connectors
Context
NOTICE
l After you remove the dustproof cap, ensure that the fiber pins are clean and install them as
soon as possible.
l When you disassemble fiber connectors, you must use a dedicated tool if the connectors are
densely installed.
Cleaning Fiber Connectors
Procedure
Step 1 Clean the pins of a fiber connector by using lint-free cotton and alcohol.
Step 2 Clean the pins again by using dust-free cotton. If necessary, clean the pins by using an air gun.
----End
Installing an FC Fiber Connector
Procedure
Step 1 Remove the dustproof cap of the FC connector and store it for future use.
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Step 2 Align the core pin of the male connector with that of the female connector, as shown in Figure
5-58.
Figure 5-58 Aligning the male connector with the female connector
Step 3 Feed the male connector into the female connector, as shown in Figure 5-59.
Figure 5-59 Feeding the male connector into the female connector
Step 4 Fasten the locking nut in the clockwise direction and ensure that the connector is securely
installed, as shown in Figure 5-60.
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Figure 5-60 Fastening the locking nut
Step 5 To disassemble an FC fiber connector, loosen the locking nut in the counterclockwise direction,
as shown in Figure 5-61.
Figure 5-61 Disassembling an FC fiber connector
----End
Installing an LC Fiber Connector
Procedure
Step 1 Remove the dustproof cap of the LC fiber connector and store it for future use.
Step 2 Align the core pin of the male connector with that of the female connector, as shown in Figure
5-62.
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Figure 5-62 Aligning the male connector with the female connector
Step 3 Feed the male connector into the female connector, as shown in Figure 5-63.
Figure 5-63 Feeding the male connector into the female connector
Step 4 A clicking sound indicates that the male connector is locked, as shown in Figure 5-64.
Figure 5-64 Installed LC connector
Step 5 To disassemble an LC fiber connector, press the locking nut, as shown in Figure 5-65.
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Figure 5-65 Disassembling an LC fiber connector
----End
Installing the SC Fiber Connector
Procedure
Step 1 Remove the dustproof cap of the SC fiber connector and store it for future use.
Step 2 Align the core pin of the male connector with that of the female connector, as shown in Figure
5-66.
Figure 5-66 Aligning the male connector with the female connector
Step 3 Feed the fiber connector into the female connector, with your fingers holding the shell of the
fiber connector (not the pigtail). When you hear a click, the fiber connector is secured by the
internal clips. Pull the fiber connector gently. If the connector does not loosen, the installation
is complete. See Figure 5-67.
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Figure 5-67 Installed SC fiber connector
Step 4 Before you disassemble an SC fiber connector, unlock the male connector by removing it
slightly, as shown in Figure 5-68.
Figure 5-68 Disassembling an SC fiber connector
----End
Installing an MPO Connector
Procedure
Step 1 Remove the dustproof cap of the MPO fiber connector and store it for future use.
Step 2 Align the core pin of the male connector with that of the female connector, as shown in Figure
5-69.
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Figure 5-69 Aligning the male connector with the female connector
Step 3 Hold the shell labeled "PUSH" and feed the male connector into the female connector until you
hear a clicking sound. The male and female connectors are securely installed, as shown in Figure
5-70.
Figure 5-70 Installed MPO fiber connector
Step 4 To disassemble an MPO fiber connector, hold the shell labeled "PULL" and remove the male
connector, as shown in Figure 5-71.
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Figure 5-71 Disassembling an MPO fiber connector
----End
5.1.5 Replacing the Mold of the Crimping Pliers
Procedure
Step 1 Hold the handles of a pair of COAX crimping tools. Loosen the two fastening screws in the
counterclockwise direction, as shown in Figure 5-72.
Figure 5-72 Loosening two fastening screws
Step 2 Hold the handles of the COAX crimping tools to open the self-locking mechanism. The jaw of
the COAX crimping tools opens automatically, as shown in Figure 5-73.
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Figure 5-73 Pliers jaw opening automatically
Step 3 Remove the mould from the COAX crimping tools, as shown in Figure 5-74.
Figure 5-74 Removing the mould from the COAX crimping tools
Step 4 Place the mould to be installed into the jaw of the COAX crimping tools and align the screw
holes, as shown in Figure 5-75.
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Figure 5-75 Installing a new mould in the COAX crimping tools
NOTICE
Keep the short side of the mould inwards and the long side outwards, with the teeth of the mould
aligning from the larger size to the smaller size.
Step 5 Hold the handles of the COAX crimping tools tightly to match the mould and the jaw completely.
Align the screw holes, as shown in Figure 5-76.
Figure 5-76 Aligning the screw holes
Step 6 Hold the handles of the COAX crimping tools with one hand. Tighten the two fastening screws
in the clockwise direction. Figure 5-77 shows the mould installed in the COAX crimping tools.
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Figure 5-77 Mold installed in the COAX crimping tools
Figure 5-78 shows the mold installed in the COAX crimping tool.
Figure 5-78 An installed mold
----End
5.2 Environmental Requirements for Device Operation
5.2.1 Environmental Requirements for an Equipment Room
Requirements for Selecting a Site for an Equipment Room
When designing a project, consider the communication network planning and technical
requirements of the equipment. Also consider hydrographic, geological, seismic, power supply,
and transportation factors.
Construction, structure, heating and ventilation, power supply, lighting and fire fighting of the
equipment room should be designed by specialized construction designers to suit the
environmental requirements of devices. The equipment room should also follow local
regulations concerning the industrial construction, environmental protection, fire fighting, and
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civil air defense. Construction must conform to government standards, regulations, and other
requirements.
The equipment room should be located at a place free from high temperature, dust, toxic gases,
explosive materials, or unstable voltage. Keep the equipment room away from significant
vibrations or strong noises, as well as power transformer stations.
The specific requirements for selecting a site for equipment room are as follows:
The room should be located at a distance of at least 5 km (3.11 mi.) from heavy pollution
sources such as smelting and coal mines. It should be located at a distance of at least 3.7
km (2.30 mi.) from moderate pollution sources such as chemical, rubber, and galvanization
factories. It should be located at a distance of at least 2 km (1.24 mi.) from light pollution
sources such as packinghouses and tanyards. If these pollution sources cannot be avoided,
ensure that the equipment room is upwind of the pollution sources. In addition, adopt a
high-quality equipment room or protection products.
The room should be located away from livestock farms, or in the upwind of the livestock
farms. Do not use an old livestock room or fertilizer warehouse as the equipment room.
The equipment room must be far away from the residential areas. The equipment room that
is not far away from the residential areas must comply with equipment room construction
standards to avoid noise pollution.
The doors and windows of the equipment room must be closed to keep an airtight room.
Using steel doors to ensure sound insulation is recommended.
No cracks or openings are allowed on the walls or floors. The outlet holes on the walls or
windows must be sealed. Walls must be constructed in the smooth, wear-resistant, dustproof
principles and produce the effect of flame retardant, sound insulation, heat absorption, dust
decrease, and electromagnetic shielding.
The air vent of the room should be far from the exhaust of city waste pipes, big cesspools
and sewage treatment tanks. The room should be in the positive pressure state to prevent
corrosive gases from entering the equipment room and corroding components and circuit
boards.
The room should be located far away from industrial and heating boilers.
It is recommended that the room be on or above the second floor. If this requirement cannot
be met, the ground for equipment installation in the room should be at least 600 mm (23.62
in,) above the maximum flood level.
The room should be at least 3.7 km (2.30 mi.) away from the seaside or salt lake. Otherwise,
the equipment room should be airtight with cooling facilities. In addition, alkalized soil
cannot be used as the construction material. Otherwise, equipment suitable for wet
conditions must be used.
The equipment room should be strong enough to resist winds and downpours.
The room should be located away from dusty roads or sand. If this is unavoidable, the doors
and windows of the equipment room must not face pollution sources.
Do not place air conditioning vents near the equipment so that they blow directly on the
equipment because condensation may be blown into the equipment.
Do not use decorative materials that contain sulfur in the equipment room.
Equipment Room Layout
The equipment room is usually used to install mobile switching equipment, telecom transmission
equipment and power supply equipment as well as other auxiliary equipment. To ensure easy
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maintenance and management, place the telecom equipment in different rooms. Figure 5-79
shows the layout of the equipment room.
Figure 5-79 Layout of the equipment room
Transmission
room
Control room
Generator room
Main communication
equipment room
Power distribution
room
Battery room
Substation room
Communication cable and optical cable
Power cable
The general layout principles of the equipment room are as follows:
It should meet requirements for laying out and maintaining communication cables and
power cables.
It should reduce the cabling distance, which eases cable maintenance, reduces potential
communication faults, and maximizes efficiency.
Construction Requirements for the Equipment Room
Table 5-10 shows the construction requirements for the equipment room.
Table 5-10 Construction requirements for the equipment room
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Item
Requirements
Area
The smallest area of the equipment room can accommodate the equipment
with the largest capacity.
Net height
The minimum height of the equipment room should not be less than 3 m
(9.84 ft). The minimum height of the equipment room is the net height
below overhead beams or ventilation pipes.
Floor
The floor in the equipment room should be semi-conductive and dustproof.
A raised floor with an ESD covering is recommended. Cover the raised
floor tightly and solidly. The horizontal tolerance of each square meter
should be less than 2 mm (0.08 in.). If raised floors are unavailable, use a
static-electricity-conductive floor material, with a volume resistivity of 1.0
x 107 ohms to 1.0 x 1010 ohms. Ground this floor material or raised floor.
You can connect them to ground using a one megohm current-limiting
resistor and connection line.
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Item
Requirements
Load-bearing
capacity
The floor must bear loads larger than 150 kg/m2 (0.21 bf/in.2).
Door and
windows
The door of the equipment room should be 2 m (6.56 ft) high and 1 m (3.28
ft) wide. One door is enough. Seal the doors and windows with dustproof
plastic tape. Use double-pane glass in the windows and seal them tightly.
Wall surface
treatment
Paste wallpaper on the wall or apply flat paint. Do not use pulverized paint.
Cable trays
Use cable trays to arrange cables. The inner faces of the cable trays must
be smooth. The reserved length and width of the cable trays, and the number,
position and dimensions of the holes must comply with the requirements
of device arrangement.
Water pipe
Do not pass service pipes, drainpipes, and storm sewers through the
equipment room. Do not place a fire hydrant in the equipment room, but
place it in the corridor or near the staircase.
Internal
partition wall
Separate the area where the equipment is installed from the equipment room
door. The partition wall can block some outside dust.
Installation
position of the
air conditioner
Install air conditioner vents so that the air does not blow directly on
equipment.
Other
requirements
Avoid the proliferation of mildew, and keep out rodents (like mice).
Figure 5-80 Internal partition wall inside the equipment room
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Equipment Room Environment
Dust on devices may cause electrostatic discharge and result in poor contact for connectors or
metal connection points. This problem can shorten the life span of devices and cause faults.
The equipment room must be from explosive, conductive, magnetically-permeable, and
corrosive dust. Table 5-11 shows the requirement for dust concentration in the equipment room.
Table 5-11 Requirements for dust particles in the equipment room
Mechanical active
material
Unit
Concentration
Dust particle
Particle /m3
≤ 3x 104
(no visible dust accumulated
on a workbench in three
days)
Description
Dust particle diameter ≥ 5 µm
Suspending dust
mg/m3
≤0.2
Precipitable dust
mg/m2·h
≤1.5
Description
l Suspending dust diameter ≤ 75 µm
l 75 µm ≤ precipitable dust diameter ≤ 150 µm
Take the following measures to meet the requirements:
Use dustproof materials for ground, wall, and ceiling construction.
Use screens on the door and windows facing outside. The outer windows should be dustproof.
Clean the equipment room regularly and clean the air filter monthly.
Wear shoe covers and ESD clothes before entering the equipment room.
Requirements for Corrosive Gases
The room should be free from dusts and corrosive gases, such as SO2, H2S, and NH3. Table
5-12 shows the requirements for the corrosive gas concentration.
Table 5-12 Requirements for corrosive gas concentration
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Chemical active
material
Unit
Concentration
SO2
mg/m3
≤0.20
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Chemical active
material
Unit
Concentration
H 2S
mg/m3
≤0.006
NH3
mg/m3
≤0.05
Cl2
mg/m3
≤0.01
Take the following measures to meet the requirements:
Avoid constructing the room near a place where the corrosive gas concentration is high,
such as a chemical plant.
Ensure the air intake vent of the room is in the prevailing upwind direction from the
pollution source.
Place batteries in different rooms.
A professional service should monitor the corrosive gas conditions regularly.
Requirements for ESD Prevention
The absolute value of electrostatic voltage is less than 1000 V.
Take the following measures to meet the requirements:
Train operators about ESD prevention.
Keep the correct humidity level in the equipment room to reduce the impact of static
electricity.
Lay out an ESD floor in equipment rooms.
Wear ESD shoes and clothing before entering equipment room.
Use ESD tools, such as wrist straps, tweezers, and pullers.
Ground all conductive materials in the room, including computer terminals. Use ESD
worktables.
Keep non-ESD materials (such as common bags, foams, and rubbers) at least 30 cm (11.81
in.) away from boards and ESD-sensitive components.
Electromagnetism Requirements for the Equipment Room
All interference sources, inside or outside the equipment room, can cause equipment problems
with capacitive coupling, inductive coupling, electromagnetic wave radiation, and common
impedance (including grounding system) coupling. Prevent the interference using these
approaches:
Take effective measures against electrical interference from the power supply system.
Do not use the working ground of the equipment as the same ground for surge protection.
Separate them as far as possible.
Keep the equipment far away from strong power radio transmitters, radar units, and highfrequency and high-current equipment.
Use electromagnetic shielding if necessary.
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Requirements for Lightning Proof Grounding
Table 5-13 shows the requirements for lightning proof grounding.
Table 5-13 Requirements for lightning proof grounding
Item
Requirements
Capital
construction
l Use the reinforced concrete structure for the construction of the
equipment room.
l Install the lightning proof device like a lighting rod in the room.
l The lightning proof ground shares the same grounding body with the
protection ground of the room.
Power cables
leading in the
equipment room
need to be
equipped with a
surge arrester
l After the low-voltage power cables are led into the room, install the
surge arrester for the power cables in the AC voltage stabilizer and the
AC power distribution panel (box). Ground the arrester nearby and
correctly.
l For the equipment room in the city, install the power supply arrester
with the nominal discharging current no less than 20 kA. For the
equipment room built in the suburbs subject to lightning strike, install
the power supply arrester with the nominal discharging current larger
than 60 kA. For the equipment room in the mountain areas easily
subject to lightning strike, or in the separate high-rise buildings in the
city, install the power supply arrester with the nominal discharging
current larger than 100 kA.
l The ground cable of the surge arrester should be a maximum of 1 m
(3.28 ft) long.
Grounding of DC
power
distribution
l Connect the DC working ground (positive pole of the -48 V DC power
supply or the negative pole of the 24 V DC power supply) with the
indoor collective ground cable nearby. The total ground cable should
meet the maximum load of the equipment.
l The power equipment must have the DC working ground cable, which
can connect the power equipment to the collective ground cable of the
telecommunication site (or the protection ground bar of the equipment
room).
Equipotential
connection
l Ground the devices and auxiliary devices in the room such as mobile
base station, transmission, switching equipment, power supply
equipment, and cable distribution frame properly. Connect all PGND
cables to the collective protection ground bar. Connect all PGND
cables in one equipment room to one protection ground bar.
l Apply joint grounding to the working ground and protection ground
of devices, which means the two share one grounding network.
l The cable tray, rack or shell, metal ventilation pipe, metal door or
window of the equipment should be grounded for protection.
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Item
Requirements
General
requirements for
grounding
l Do not connect the neutral line of the AC power cable with the
protection ground of any telecom equipment in the equipment room.
l Do not install the fuse or switch on the ground cable.
l All ground cables should be as short as possible, and arranged directly.
l The grounding resistance must be lower than 1 ohm.
Grounding
resistance
l The upper end of the grounding body should be at least 0.7 m (2.30
ft) over the ground. In cold areas, bury the grounding body below the
frozen ground.
l Measure the grounding resistance periodically to ensure effective
grounding.
Routing of signal l Do not arrange the signal cables overhead in the equipment room. All
cable
signal cables must be led into the site underground.
l Use the cables with metal jacket or place them into the metal pipe if
they come out/in the equipment room.
l Ground the idle lines inside the cable in the equipment room.
l Signal cables should be deployed on internal walls. Do not deploy
outdoor aerial cables.
l Keep signal cables away from power cables and surge protection
devices.
l Use the grounding ring or ground bar for the collective ground cable.
Collective
ground cable
l Do not use aluminum cables as ground cables. Adopt measures to
prevent electrification corrosion when connecting different metal
parts together.
l Use the copper busbar as the collective ground cable with the crosssectional area not less than 120 mm2 (0.19 in.2), or use the galvanized
flat steel of the same resistance. Insulate the collective ground cable
from the reinforcing steel bars of the building.
Grounding leadin
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The grounding lead-in should be a maximum of 30 m (98.42 ft) long. Use
the galvanized flat steel with cross-sectional area of 40 mm x 4 mm (1.58
in. x 0.158 in.) or 50 mm x 5 mm (1.97 in. x 0.197 in.).
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Item
Requirements
Grounding of the
cabinet
l All the devices including the surge protection device in the cabinet
must be connected in an equipotential manner. The ground cables can
be aggregated to the ground bar or surge protector socket first, and
then the ground bar or surge protector socket is connected to the
ground.
l The resistance tested using a multimeter between the device ground
terminals and ground bar cannot exceed 0.1 ohm.
l The cabinet can be grounded using the protecting earthing (PE) wire
of the electrical network in the building, zinc-coated angle steel, or
main steel bar of the building.
l If the cabinet is grounded using the PE wire of the electrical network,
the grounding status can be checked using a multimeter. If the voltage
between the PE wire and neutral wire is lower than 5 V and the voltage
between the PE wire and live wire is about 220 V, the PE wire is
grounded well. If the tested AC voltages are not within the ranges, the
cabinet must be grounded in other ways.
l The yellow-green ground cable contains multiple copper wires. The
diameter is no smaller than 6 mm2 (0.0093 in.2) and the length cannot
exceed 3 m (9.84 ft.).
l Ground cables cannot be twisted with signal cables.
l Antirust and anticorrosion measures must be taken on the ground
terminals.
l The fiber reinforcing rib can be directly connected to the ground bar
of the cabinet. Before wrapping the reinforcing rib with insulation
tape, cut a 0.5 m (1.64 ft.) segment from the reinforcing rib. Wrap the
reinforcing rib with at least five layers of insulation tape. Keep the
reinforcing rib at least 5 cm (1.969 in.) from the cabinet surface.
5.2.2 Requirements for Power Supply
Requirements for AC Power Supply
The AC power supply consists of power mains, uninterruptable power supply (UPS), and selfsupplied electric generator. In addition to meeting the requirements of the server load, the AC
power supply must have a simple connection line, safe operation, flexible scheduling, and easy
maintenance.
The low-voltage power supply should have 3-phase, 5-wire mode or monophase 3-wire mode.
This AC power supply should be 110 V/127 V/220 V/380 V, and the frequency is 50 Hz.
The UPS should supply the same power and operate at the same phase as the power mains. The
switching time between the UPS and mains should be less than 10 ms; otherwise, the networking
devices will reboot or reset.
For power distribution capacity in the equipment room, both the working current and fault current
of the devices should be considered. Ensure that independent AC power supplies protect
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independent devices. Configure the current-carrying capacity of the protection switch of the
equipment room for more than that of the devices.
Table 5-14 shows the voltage range of the AC power supply for the devices.
Table 5-14 Voltage range of AC power supply
Item
Requirements
AC power capacity to support
the devices
-10% to +5% of the rated voltage
AC power capacity to support
the power modules and
important buildings
-15% to +10% of the rated voltage
Frequency of alternating
current
-4% to +4% of the rated value
Voltage wave shape sine
distortion
Within 5% of the rated voltage
The automated electric generator must have a standard interface that supports
telecommunication protocol, remote telecommunication, monitoring, and control.
AC power cables should meet the following specifications:
AC neutral should have a conductor with the same cross section as the phase line.
AC cables should have non-flammable insulation. The layout of AC cables should comply
with local regulations. Low-voltage power distribution rooms should comply with local
regulations.
Recommendations for AC Power Supply
The following shows recommendations for the AC power supply.
If the voltage of the power mains that supply power directly to devices exceeds the rated
voltage by -10% to 5%, or exceeds the voltage range that devices can support, a voltage
regulating device or voltage stabilizing device is required.
If the mains do not supply power for the device directly, or if the mains voltage exceeds
the rated voltage by -15% to 10% or exceeds the input voltage range of the DC power
supply, a voltage regulating device or voltage stabilizing device is required.
An UPS or inverter power supply system is required to provide uninterrupted AC power
to support the telecommunication load.
If abnormalities occur on the mains, telecommunication servers should be equipped with
a self-supplied electric generator to support the key telecommunication load. The capacity
should be not less than 150% to 200% of the total uninterruptable power supply.
Storage batteries are usually installed in a parallel connection of two groups. UPS storage
batteries are generally installed in one group. The redundancy required for the UPS can
rely on concatenation or parallel connection. When an inverter or a UPS is used, the active
inverter is determined by the maximum power and a backup inverter is required.
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Requirements for DC Power Supply
The equipment room should receive stable and reliable DC power. Deploy the power equipment
near the telecommunications equipment to make the DC feeder as short as possible. To reduce
power consumption and installation cost, the loop voltage drop from the battery port to the
equipment port should be less than 3.2 V.
A large-scale enterprise can deploy an independent power supply system on each floor to
supply power to the telecommunications equipment room on the respective floor.
A medium-scale enterprise can use a power room and a battery room for centralized power
supply or use distributed power supply systems.
A small-scale enterprise can deploy an integrated power supply system in its equipment
room but must take measures to prevent corrosive gases released from batteries from
eroding circuit boards of telecommunications equipment.
Table 5-15 shows the specifications for the DC power supply.
Table 5-15 Specifications for the DC power supply
Item
Requirements
Range of the -48
V input voltage
-38 V to -72 V
DC power
capacity to
support the surge
current
Greater than 1.5 times the rated current
Regulated
voltage precision
If the AC input voltage is in the range of 85% to 110% of the rated value,
and the load current is in the range of 5% to 100% of the rated value, the
output voltage of the rectifier ranges from -46.0 V to -56.4 V, with the
regulated voltage precision less than or equal to 1%.
Overshoot
amplitude of
switch on/off
Integral value of the DC output voltage ±5%
Peak noise
voltage
≤200 mV
Dynamic
response
The recovery time is less than 200 ms. The overshoot is in the range of
the integral value of the DC output voltage ±5%.
Recommendations for DC Power Supply
The following shows recommendations for the DC power supply.
Use distributed power supply mode. Use multiple DC power supply systems and put power
equipment in multiple locations.
Adopt a standard DC power supply system, and set the output voltage to the
communications equipment within the required range.
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Improving the reliability of the AC power supply system reduces the necessary capacity of
storage batteries. For small offices, increase the capacity of storage batteries if it is difficult
to enhance the reliability of the AC power supply system.
The total capacity of the high-frequency switching rectifier must satisfy the power of the
communication loading and battery charging. If there are 10 or fewer active rectifier
modules, configure one backup module. If there are more than 10 active modules, configure
one backup module for every 10 active modules.
Install storage batteries in two or more groups. The capacity is determined by the duration
for which the storage batteries must supply power. For most offices, the batteries should
be able to supply power for at least one hour.
5.3 Equipment Grounding Specifications
5.3.1 General Grounding Specifications
Table 5-16 shows the general grounding specifications.
Table 5-16 General grounding specifications
No.
Description
The working grounding and protection grounding, including the shielded grounding
and the lightning-proof grounding of the cable distribution frame should share the
same grounding conductor.
The cable trays, shells, metal ventilation pipes, metal doors and windows in the
equipment room should be grounded for protection.
The metal parts of the equipment which are electrically floating in normal conditions
should be grounded for protection.
The ground cable must be connected securely to the protection ground bar of the
equipment room.
Do not use other equipment as part of the ground cable or electrical connection.
5.3.2 Grounding Specifications for an Equipment Room
The grounding resistance of a comprehensive communication building should be less than or
equal to one ohm. The grounding resistance of an ordinary communication office should be less
than five ohms. The grounding resistance in an area where the earth resistance rate is high should
be less than 10 ohms.
5.3.3 Grounding Specifications for Devices
Table 5-17 shows the equipment grounding specifications.
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Table 5-17 Equipment Grounding Specifications
No.
Description
All communication devices and auxiliary devices (such as mobile base stations,
transmission and switching devices, power supply devices) in the equipment room
should be grounded for protection. Connect all protection grounding for various
devices jointly to a general ground bar, and then to the same protection ground bar
in the room together with the protection ground (PGND) of the device.
The PGND of the equipment is shorted to the copper protection ground bar provided
by the user. The short-circuiting cable used should be an alternating yellow and green
plastic insulating one with copper core, with cross-sectional area greater than 25 sq.
mm (0.039 sq. in.).
There are grounding terminals and grounding lugs at the lower part of the front door,
rear door and side panel of the cabinet, connected to the grounding terminals of the
cabinet framework through connection cables with cross-sectional area no less than
1.6 sq. mm (0.002 sq. in.).
Ensure that all metal components of the cabinet conduct well. No insulating coating
should be sprayed on the connection part of the metal components.
Connect the cabinets in the same row by fastening captive screws and gaskets on the
top of the cabinets. Do not spray any coating into a rectangular area measuring 30
mm x 50 mm (1.18 in. x 1.97 in.) around the connection hole for a captive bolt.
Measures to prevent rust and corrosion must be taken for this area. Zinc electroplating
with iridescent yellow chromate conversion coating should be applied to the gasket
and nut to ensure good electrical contact.
When combining cabinets of the same type, short-circuiting cables are required to
connect the ground busbars (if any) of the cabinets. The cross-sectional area of the
short-circuiting cable is 6 sq. mm (0.009 sq. in.) and is no more than 300 mm (11.8
in.) long. Connect the two ends of the short-circuiting cable to the ground busbar
terminals of neighboring cabinets and fix them firmly.
5.3.4 Grounding Specifications for Communications Power Supply
Table 5-18 shows the grounding specifications for communication power supplies.
Table 5-18 Grounding specifications for communication power supplies
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No.
Description
The inlet for the AC power cable at the equipment room should be equipped with a
surge protection device (C-level) with a nominal discharge current no less than 20
kA.
The protection ground for the power supply and that for communication equipment
share the same grounding conductor. If the power supply and the equipment are in
the same equipment room, use the same protection ground bar for them if possible.
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No.
Description
Use a surge protection circuit on the AC power interface.
The positive of the -48 V DC power supply or negative pole of the 24 V DC power
supply should be grounded at the output of the DC power supply.
The working ground and protection ground of the DC power supply equipment should
use the same grounding conductor with the protection ground of the switching
equipment. If the power supply and equipment are in the same equipment room, use
the same protection ground bar for them if possible.
Add surge protection on the DC power interface.
5.3.5 Grounding Specifications for Signal Cables
Grounding specifications for signal cables are shown in Table 5-19.
Table 5-19 Grounding specifications for signal cables
No.
Description
Equip the cable outdoors with a metal jacket, well grounded at both ends, or connect
the ends of the metal jacket to the protection ground bar of the equipment room. For
cables inside the equipment room, install surge protection devices at the interface to
the equipment. The PGND cable for the surge protection devices should be as short
as possible.
The incoming and outgoing signal cables to and from the office and unused wires
inside the cable should be grounded for protection.
The Tone & Data Access (TDA) cable must pass through the Main Distribution
Frame (MDF) with surge protective device (SPD) when going out of the office. The
cable's shield layer should be connected to the protection ground of the MDF. The
MDF should use the same grounding conductor with the cabinet.
The signal cables should not be routed overhead.
5.3.6 Specifications for Laying Out Grounding Cables
Table 5-20 shows the specifications for the ground cable.
Table 5-20 Specifications for laying out ground cables
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No.
Description
The grounding wire should not run parallel to or twist around the signal cable.
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No.
Description
The ground cable cannot be routed overhead, but should be buried in the earth or
arranged indoors.
Do not connect two cables together to extend the PGND cable, or add any switch or
fuse.
The PGND cable should be an alternating yellow and green plastic insulating one
with copper core.
The neutral line of the AC power cable cannot be connected to the protection ground
of transmission and communication equipment in the equipment room.
The length of the PGND cable should not exceed 45 m (147.64 ft). The PGND cable
should be as short as possible.
5.4 Engineering Labels for Cables
An engineering label serves as an identifier for on-site installation and maintenance after the
installation. Labels on the cables facilitate correct and orderly connection of cables, and easy
maintenance after installation.
Specialized for power cables and signal cables, the types of engineering labels are as follows:
The signal cables include network cables, optical fibers, and user cables.
The power cables include the AC power cables and DC power cables.
NOTE
Fill in the label according to the user's requirements if the user needs an integrated description of the label.
Make a relevant statement in the self-check report.
5.4.1 Introduction to Labels
Label Materials
Features:
Thickness: 0.09 mm (0.004 in.)
Color: chalk white
Material: polyester (PET)
Ambient temperature: -29°C (-20.2°F) to +149°C (300.2°F)
Compatible with laser printing and handwriting with markers
Pass UL and CSA authentication
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Type and Structure
Label for Signal Cables
The label for signal cables is L-shaped with fixed dimensions, as shown in Figure 5-81.
Figure 5-81 Label for signal cables
To specify more clearly the position of a cable, use the dividing lines on the label. For example,
there is a dividing line between the cabinet number and the chassis number, and another one
between the chassis number and the slot number. The dividing line is 1.5 mm x 0.6 mm (0.06
in. x 0.02 in.) with the color of Pantone 656c (light blue).
The cut dotted line helps to fold the label when affixed to the cable, and its size is 1 mm x 2 mm
(0.04 in. x 0.08 in.).
There is a mark "TO:" (upside down in the figure) at the lower right corner of the label. The
mark is used to identify the opposite end of the cable on which the label is affixed.
Power Cable Label
The label for power cables should be attached to the identification plate on the cable ties that
are attached to the cable. The identification plate has an embossed area 0.2 mm x 0.6 mm (0.008
in. x 0.02 in.) around (symmetric on both sides), and the area in the middle is for affixing the
label, as shown in Figure 5-82.
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Figure 5-82 Power cable label
Label Printing
The contents can be printed or written on the labels. Printing is recommended for the sake of
high efficiency and eye-pleasant layout.
Template for Printing
Use a template to print labels. You can obtain the template from the Huawei local office.
The templates are made in Microsoft Word and the following requirements should be met:
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When using the template, you can directly modify the contents of the template. The settings
of centered characters, direction, and fonts should not be changed.
When there are too many characters to be filled in, zoom out the characters, but make sure
that the printouts are clear and legible.
Merging Cells in the Template
To merge two or more cells, do as follows:
1.
Select Edit/Select All.
2.
Select Format/Borders and Shading/Borders. Select Box tab and click OK.
3.
Drag the mouse to select cells to be merged and select the Table/Merge Cells.
Requirements on the Printer
To print the labels, a laser jet printer must be used, although there is no restriction on the model
of the printer. Before printing the label, set up the page and try printing.
1.
Try printing on ordinary paper with both sides blank. Place the blank paper over the whole
page of label paper, and check whether the page setup conforms to the label layout.
2.
Make sure the printer properties, such as "paper size" and "direction", have been set
correctly.
l If the printout conforms to the sheet of labels, print the labels on the label paper.
l If the printout does not conform, adjust the page setup and try printing again until the
correct printout is produced.
The method of adjusting the page setup is as follows.
1.
Select File/Page Setup.
2.
Select Layout and set Header and Footer as 0.
3.
Select the Margins tab page. Select Left for Gutter Position and adjust the values of Top,
Bottom, Left, and Right.
NOTE
If the warning prompt as shown in Figure 5-83 appears before printing, click Ignore to continue the
printing.
Figure 5-83 Warning prompt before printing
After the page setup has been made correctly, save it for future use. This page setup is only
necessary the first time you use the template to print the labels.
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Requirements for Feeding the Printer
The label paper consists of two layers. No matter what model of printer you use, feed in the
labels one page at a time. To avoid jamming the labels, never use the auto-feed mode.
Requirements for the Printed Label
Make sure that the printed labels satisfy the following requirements:
All the printouts must be on the label, and nothing should be printed on the backing layer
of the label page.
Contents in the cells should be aligned in the center. In a single-line printout, the dividing
lines and the mark "To:" should not be covered by the printed characters.
When the cells are merged and the printouts are made in multiple lines, avoid covering the
mark "TO:" when printing the texts. Use the space bar to move the text to the next line.
Writing Labels
Writing Tools
To make sure the printouts are clear and legible, use the black markers instead of ball-point pens
to write the labels.
In special cases, black ball-pens are allowed, although not recommended. Compared with ballpoint pens, water-proof markers are better. When writing with a ball-point pen, do not leave the
oil on the label, which may contaminate the label and blur the words.
NOTE
The delivered marker has two nibs. Make sure to use the smaller nib to write the labels.
Font
For the sake of easy recognition and good appearance, the font in handwriting should be as close
to a standard typeface (such as Times New Roman) as possible. Table 5-21 shows the standard
typeface.
Table 5-21 Standard typeface for handwriting
The characters should be clear, distinct, and tidy.
Writing direction: The direction is shown in Figure 5-84:
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Figure 5-84 Writing direction of the characters on the label
Attaching Labels
After printing or writing the label, remove the label from the page and attach it to the signal
cable, or the identification plate of the power cable. The methods for attaching labels are
described in the following sections.
Label for Signal Cables
Choose the place to attach labels.
The label is attached 2 cm (0.79 in.) from the connector on a signal cable. In special cases
(for example, to avoid cable bending or affecting other cables), other positions are allowed
to attach the labels. The rectangle part with characters is attached facing right or downward,
as shown in Figure 5-85. The details are as follows:
– The identification card is to the right of the cable in vertical cabling.
– The identification card should be downward when you lay out the cable horizontally.
Figure 5-85 Text area of the label
Procedure for attaching labels
Figure 5-86 shows the methods and procedures for attaching labels.
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Figure 5-86 Label for signal cables
Power Cable Label
Remove the label from the backing page, and attach it to the identification plate on the cable tie.
The label should be attached to the rectangular flute on the identification plate, and attached to
only one side of the identification plate. The cable ties are bundled at 2 cm (0.79 in.) from the
connectors, and other positions are allowed in special circumstances.
Cable ties should be bound on both ends of a cable. After the bundling, the finished identification
plate should be on top of the cable in horizontal cabling, or on the right side of the cable in
vertical cabling, as shown in Figure 5-87. The details are as follows:
The identification card is to the right of the cable in vertical cabling.
The identification card is on the top of the cable in horizontal cabling. Make sure that the
label is facing out.
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Figure 5-87 Binding the label for the power cable
Cable
TO:
B03
TO:
B03
-48V2
-48V2
Cable
The identification card is on the
top of the cable in horizontal
cabling.
The identification card is to
the right of the cable in
vertical cabling.
Contents of Engineering Labels
Contents of Labels for Power Cables
Labels for power cables are only affixed on one side of the identification plates. On the labels,
there is information (the part after the mark "TO:") about the location of the device on the other
end of the cable, like the location of control cabinet, distribution box or power socket.
Contents of Labels for Signal Cables
The two sides of the label affixed on the signal cable carry information about the location of the
ports connected to both ends of the cable. Figure 5-88 shows the information on both sides of
the labels affixed to the signal cables.
Area 1 contains the location information of the local end of the cable.
Area 2 (with the mark "TO:") contains the location information of the opposite end of the
cable.
Area 3 has been folded up inside the label.
Figure 5-88 Printed parts on the label for signal cables
Seen from the cabling end of the equipment, the text part of the label is on the right side of the
cable. The side with "TO:" that is facing outside carries the location information of the opposite
end; and the other side carries the location information of the local end.
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Therefore, the information in Area 1 at one end is the same as the information in Area 2 at the
other end of the cable. In other words, the local information at one end is called the opposite
information at the other end.
Precautions for Using Engineering Labels
When using labels, pay attention to the following points:
When printing, writing, or attaching labels, keep the labels clean.
Since the label paper is made of moistureproof and waterproof material, ink-jet printers
and ink pens are forbidden for printing and writing labels.
Labels should be attached tidily. New-type labels are L-shaped. If they are pasted at
incorrect locations or in wrong directions, the appearance of the device is affected.
Power cable ties should be attached in the same positions on power cables, with
identification plates on the same side.
The positions of "up", "down", "left" or "right" are all based on the viewpoint of the
engineering person who works on the label.
5.4.2 Engineering Labels for Optical Fibers
These labels are affixed to the optical fibers that connect the optical interfaces on the boards in
a chassis, or on the device boxes. There are two types of labels for optical cables:
One is for the fiber that connects the optical interfaces on two devices.
The other is for the fiber that connects the device and the ODF.
Labels for the Optical Fibers Connecting Devices
Meaning of the Label
Table 5-22 lists information on both sides of the labels affixed to the optical fibers that connect
two devices.
Table 5-22 Information on labels affixed to the fiber between two devices
Content
Meaning
Example
MN-B-C-DR/T
MN: cabinet
number
M: The cabinet rows from front to back are numbered
from A to Z.
N: The cabinet columns from left to right are numbered
from 01 to 99.
For example, A01 is the cabinet in Row A and Column
01.
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B: chassis
number
Numbered in bottom-up order with two digits, for
example, 01.
C: physical slot
number
Numbered in the top-bottom and left-right order starting
from 01. For example, 01 is the slot with number 1.
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Meaning
Example
D: optical
interface
number.
Numbered in a top-bottom and left-right order, consistent
with the port sequence number on the device.
R: Receiving
interface
T: optical
transmitting
interface
Example of the Label
Figure 5-89 shows the label on the cable.
Figure 5-89 Example of the label on the optical fiber between two devices
05
01
01
01
TO:
G01
01
01
A01
The meaning of the labels is listed in Figure 5-89.
"A01-01-05-01-R" indicates that the local end of the optical fiber is connected with the
optical receiving interface 01 on slot 5, chassis 01 in the cabinet on row A, column 01 in
the machine room.
"G01-01-01-01-T" indicates that the opposite end of the optical fiber is connected with
Optical Transmitting Interface 01 on Slot 01, Chassis 01 in the cabinet on Row G, Column
01 in the machine room.
Labels for the Optical Fibers Connecting the Device and an ODF
Meaning of the Labels
Table 5-23 shows the information on both sides of the labels attached to the optical fiber that
connects the device and the ODF.
Table 5-23 Information on labels affixed to the fiber between the device and the ODF
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Content
Meaning
Example
MN-B-C-DR/T
MN: cabinet
number
For example, A01.
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Meaning
Example
B: chassis
number
Numbered in bottom-up order with two digits, for
example, 01.
C: physical slot
number
Numbered in the top-bottom and left-right order starting
from 01. For example, 01 is the slot with number 1.
D: optical
interface
number.
Numbered in a top-bottom and left-right order,
consistent with the port sequence number on the device.
R: Optical
receiving
interface
T: optical
transmitting
interface
ODF-MN-BC-R/T
MN: row number
and column
number of an
ODF
M: The cabinet rows from front to back are numbered
from A to Z.
N: The cabinet columns from left to right are numbered
from 01 to 99.
For example, G01 is the ODF of Row G and Column 01.
B: row number of
the terminal
device
Range from 01 to 99, for example, 01-01.
C: row number of
the terminal
device
R: Optical
receiving
interface
T: optical
transmitting
interface
Example of the Label
Figure 5-90 shows the label on the cable.
Figure 5-90 Example of the label on the optical fiber between the device and the ODF
01
01
05
01
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01
TO:
A01
ODF G01
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Meaning of the label in Figure 5-90
"ODF-G01-01-01-R" indicates that the local end of the optical fiber is connected to the
optical receiving terminal on row 01, column 01 of the ODF in row G, column 01 in the
machine room.
"A01-01-05-01-R" indicates that the opposite end of the optical fiber is connected to Optical
Receiving Interface 1 on Slot 01, chassis 01 in the cabinet on Row A, Column 01 in the
machine room.
5.4.3 Engineering Labels for Network Cables
Applicable Ranges
The labels can be applied to Ethernet cables.
Label Content
Table 5-24 shows the information on both sides of the labels affixed to Ethernet cables.
You can also decide the label content according to the actual environment. If the device is not
installed in the cabinet, for example, you can remove the cabinet number.
Table 5-24 Information on the Ethernet cables
Content
Meaning
Example
MN-B-C-D
MN: cabinet
number
For example, A01 is the first cabinet in row A.
B: chassis number
Numbered in the bottom-up order with two digits, for
example, 01.
C: physical slot
number
Numbered with two digits in bottom-up and left-right
order. For example, 01.
D: network port
number
Numbered in the up-bottom and left-right orders. For
example, 01.
MN: cabinet
number
For example, B02 is the second cabinet in Row B.
Z: Location
number
Fill in the location number of the terminal device on
site. If the cable is connected to a device in a cabinet,
the serial numbers of the cabinet, the chassis, and the
Ethernet interface of the device should be specified.
For example, B02-03-12. If the cable is connected to
the Network Management Station (NMS), the
specific location of the NMS should be given.
MN-Z
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The contents of the labels for network cables connecting hubs and devices or agents and the
network cables for other purposes should be specified according to actual connections. The
details are as follows:
For a network cable connecting a hub and device, the label on the hub end should indicate
the numbers of the chassis and cabinet where the hub resides, and the serial number on the
hub. The label on the device end should indicate the number of the chassis and cabinet
where the device is located. If the device is a stand-alone device, the specific position of
the device should be provided.
For a network cable connecting a hub and an agent or terminal, the label on the agent or
terminal end should contain the serial number of the network interface. The definitions of
the cabinet number and chassis number are the same as those described in Table 5-24.
If the hub is a stand-alone device without cabinet or chassis, the label should contain specific
location information that identifies the hub.
The serial number on the hub, the network interface number of the agent or terminal, and the
location of the stand-alone device should be specified according to actual connections.
Label Example
Figure 5-91 shows the label on the cable.
Figure 5-91 Example of the label on network cables
01
01
03
03
TO:
B02
A01
01
Meaning of the label in Figure 5-91.
"A01-03-01-01" indicates that one end of the network cable is connected to network
interface 01 of slot 01, chassis 03 of the cabinet on row A, column 01 in the equipment
room.
"B02-03-01" indicates that another end of the network cable is connected to network
interface 01, chassis 03 of the cabinet on row B, column 02 in the equipment room. No slot
number is given.
5.4.4 Engineering Labels for User Cables
Attach labels to both ends of the cable to indicate the locations of the cable on the device and
MDF.
Meaning of the Engineering Labels for User Cables
Table 5-25 shows the contents of the labels.
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Table 5-25 Contents of the engineering labels for user cables
Content
Meaning
Example
MN-B-C-D
MN: cabinet
number
For example, A01 is the first cabinet in row A.
B: frame number
Numbered in the bottom-top order with two digits,
for example, 03.
C: physical slot
number
Numbered with two digits in the top-bottom and leftright order. For example, 01.
D: cable number
Numbered with two digits in the top-bottom and leftright order. For example, 01.
MN: row number
and column
number of the
MDF
M: The rows of cabinets from front to back are
numbered from A to Z. N: The columns of cabinets
from left to right are numbered from 01 to 99. For
example, G01 is the MDF of row G and column 01.
B: row number of
the terminal device
Ranges from 01 to 99, for example, 01-01.
MDF-MN-B-C
C: column number
of the terminal
device
Example of the Label
Figure 5-92 shows an example.
Figure 5-92 Example of labels for user cables
03
01
01
TO:
MDF G01
01
A01
01
The meaning of the label in Figure 5-92 is as follows:
"A01-03-01-01" indicates that the local end of the user cable is connected to port 1 of on
slot 1, chassis 03 of the cabinet on row A, column 01 in the equipment room.
"MDF-G01-01-01" indicates that the opposite end of the user cable is connected to the
terminal on row 01, column 01 of the MDF in row G, column 01 in the equipment room.
5.4.5 Engineering Labels for Power Cables
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Engineering Labels for DC Power Cables
The labels are affixed to the DC power cables that provide power supply for cabinets, including
the -48 V, PGND, and BGND cables. Here, the DC power cables also include power cables and
PGND cables.
The labels for DC power cables are affixed to one side of the identification plates on cable ties.
For details of the labels, see Table 5-26.
Table 5-26 Contents of the label
Content
Meaning
MN(BC)B--48Vn
MN(BC): BC is written right under MN.
MN(BC)-BBGND
MN(BC)-BPGND
B: chassis number, numbered in the bottom-top order with two digits,
for example, 01.
N: power socket number, numbered as 1 to 3 in the bottom-top and leftto-right orders.
On the loaded cabinet side, only MN is used to identify the cabinet.
On the power cabinet side, MN identifies the row and column number
of the power distribution equipment like a control cabinet and
distribution box, and BC identifies the row and column number of the
-48 V connector. If there is no row number or column number, or the
connector can be identified without them, BC can be omitted. It is
unnecessary for BGND and PGND to identify the row and column
number.
The label only carries location information about the destination direction of the power cable
while information of the local end is not necessary. That is, the label only carries location
information about the opposite equipment, the control cabinet, or the distribution box. Table
5-26 lists the information on two -48 V power supplies on the label. The information on other
DC voltages, such as 24 V and 60 V should be given in similar methods.
Make sure that labels are affixed in the correction direction. That is, after the cable ties are
bundled onto the cable, the identification plates with the labels should face up, and the text on
the labels in the same cabinet should be in the same direction. For details, see Figure 5-93.
Figure 5-93 Example of the labels for DC power cables
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The meaning of the label in Figure 5-93 is as follows:
On the loaded cabinet side, the label "A01/B08--48V2" on the cable indicates that the cable
is -48 V DC supply, which is from the eighth connector on row B of -48 V bus bar in the
cabinet on row A, and column 1 in the equipment room.
On the distribution box side, the label "B03--48V2" indicates that the cable is -48 V DC
supply, connected to DC power socket 2 on row B, column 03 in the equipment room.
NOTE
In the power distribution box or the first power cabinet of a row in a transmission equipment room, every
terminal block on the -48 V connector bar has a numeric identification. For example, in the above label of
"A01/B08--48V2", "08" (or sometimes "8") is the numeric identification of the terminal block.
PGND and BGND are two copper bars, on which the terminal blocks are short-circuited,
therefore which terminal is connected makes no difference. It is only necessary to give the row
and column of the power distribution box, instead of giving the specific serial number of the
terminal block on the copper bar. For example, if the label on the loaded cabinet side is "A01BGND", it means that the power cable is a BGND that connects BGND copper bar in the power
distribution box on Row A, Column 01 in the machine room. Information on the labels for PGND
cables should be given in a similar way.
Engineering Labels for AC Power Cables
The labels are affixed to both ends of an AC power cable that provides AC power supply to
cabinets, including 110/220 V, PGND, and BGND cables. The 110/220 V AC cables and related
PGND and BGND cables are covered with an insulating sheath, so the labels need to contain
only the word "AC" and the cabinet numbers.
The labels for AC power cables are affixed to one side of the identification plates on cable ties.
For details, see Table 5-27.
Table 5-27 Label content
Content
Meaning
MN-(B)-ACn
MN: serial number of the cabinet or the socket where the power is led in
B: chassis number, numbered in the bottom-top order with two digits, for
example, 01.
n: power port number, numbered as 1 to 3 in bottom-top and left-to-right
order.
Serial number of the socket where the power is led in: the location of the
socket is marked according to the actual situation. If the sockets can be
identified by row numbers and column numbers, they can be numbered
following the same rule for the cabinets. If the sockets cannot be identified
by rows and columns, specify the detailed locations to avoid confusion
with other sockets.
The label only carries location information about the opposite equipment and the power socket;
information about the local end is not necessary.
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Make sure that labels are affixed in correct direction. That is, after the cable ties are bundled
onto the cable, the identification plates with the labels should face up, and the text on the labels
in the same cabinet should be in the same direction, as shown in Figure 5-94.
Figure 5-94 Labels for AC power cables
Meaning of the label in Figure 5-94.
On the equipment cabinet side, the label marked with "A01-AC1" indicates that the power
cable is connected to the first AC power socket of Row A and Column 01 in the equipment
room.
On the power socket side, the label marked with "B01-AC1" indicates that the power cable
is connected to the first AC power socket in the cabinet of Row B and Column 01 in the
equipment room.
5.5 Guide to Using Optical Modules
Common Faults of an Optical Module
1.
An optical module is not completely installed in position.
If the optical module is not completely installed in position and the latch boss is not secured,
the device cannot identify the optical module. After the optical module works for a long
time, it will be ejected under external stress.
2.
The optical receptacle on an optical module is contaminated.
If an optical module is not cleaned or protected properly, contaminants may accumulate on
the fiber pin in the optical module. As a result, the coupling efficiency is reduced, optical
signals are cut off, or even worse, the surface of the fiber pin is damaged permanently.
3.
An optical module is burnt.
If large-power optical signals (caused by the OTDR or self-loop test) are transmitted
through an optical module that is used for long-distance transmission but no optical
attenuator is used, the optical power will exceed the overload power of the APD pipe. Then
the optical module is burnt.
The preceding faults lead to temporary or long-term cut-off of optical signals; or even cause
permanent damages to the optical module, affecting communication services.
Measures to Prevent Loosened Optical Module
1.
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When installing an optical module, insert it into position. If you hear a click or feel a slight
shake, it indicates that the latch boss is secured.
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If the latch boss is not secured, the gold finger of the optical module is not in good contact
with the connector on the board. In this case, the link may be connected but optical signals
will be cut off or the optical module will be loosened when the optical module is shook or
crashed.
2.
Figure 5-95 shows the release handle on an optical module when it is open and closed.
When inserting the optical module, make sure that the release handle is closed. At this time,
the latch boss locks the optical module. After the optical module is inserted, try pulling it
out to see if it is installed in position. If the optical module cannot be pulled out, it is secured.
Figure 5-95 State of the release handle
Close the release handle
Open the release handle
Measures to Prevent Receptacle Contamination
1.
Cleaning tissues must be prepared on site. You need to clean the optical connector before
inserting it in the receptacle. This protects the receptacle against the contamination on the
surface of the optical connector.
Figure 5-96 Cleaning optical fibers with special cleaning tissues
NOTE
Place at least three cleaning tissues on the work bench. As shown in Figure 5-96, wipe the end of an
optical connector from left to right or from right to left on a cleaning tissue, and then move the
connector end to the unused part of the cleaning tissue to continue.
2.
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Cover an unused optical module with a protective cap to prevent dust, as shown in Figure
5-97.
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Figure 5-97 Installing a protective cap
If no protective cap is available, use fibers to protect the optical module, as shown in Figure
5-98.
Figure 5-98 Using fibers to protect an optical module
3.
Cover unused optical connectors with protective caps, as shown in Figure 5-99, and then
lay out fibers on the fiber rack or coil them in a fiber management tray to prevent fibers
from being squeezed.
Figure 5-99 Installing a protective cap on a fiber
4.
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If a receptacle or an optical connector has not been used for a long time and is not covered
with a protective cap, you need to clean it before using it. Clean a receptacle with a cotton
swab, as shown in Figure 5-100. Clean an optical connector with cleaning tissues.
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Figure 5-100 Cleaning a receptacle with a cotton swab
NOTICE
When cleaning a receptacle, insert the cotton swab and turn it slowly in the receptacle. Do
not use too much strength because the receptacle may be damaged.
5.
If optical signals are lost during the operation of a device, use the preceding method to
clean the receptacle or the optical connector. In this manner, the possibility of contamination
can be excluded.
Measures to Prevent an Optical Module from Being Burnt
1.
Before using an optical time-domain reflectometer (OTDR) to test the connectivity or the
attenuation of optical signals, disconnect the optical fibers from the optical module.
Otherwise, the optical module will be burnt.
2.
When performing a self-loop test, use an optical attenuator. Do not loosen the optical
connector instead of the optical attenuator.
1.
The optical connector should be vertically inserted in the receptacle to avoid damages to
the receptacle.
2.
Fibers must be inserted into optical modules of the corresponding type. That is, multimode
fibers must be inserted into multimode optical modules, and single mode fibers must be
inserted into single mode optical modules. If a fiber is inserted into an optical module of a
different mode, faults will occur. For example, optical signals will be lost.
Precautions
5.6 Fault Tag
*Customer name:
Address:
Contact person:
Tel.:
Fax:
Category*: □ RMA □ Return □ Analysis
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BOM
Code
Product
Description
5 Appendix
Bar
Code*
Fault
Occurring
Date*
Description
of the Fault
Phenomena*
Category
No.*
Software
Version*
Reasons for Repairing (Category No.):
Category No. includes the following eight types:
F001 - Wear out damaged (◊ In warranty Period ◊ Out of warranty period)
F002 - Deployment damaged
F003 - Intransit damaged
F004 - Version upgrade
F005 - Batch replace
F007 - Overdue spare parts inspecting
F008 - Others
F011 - Running circumstance change
Note:
l For optical interface cards returned, the optical interfaces should be covered with
protection caps.
l In general, the analysis card will not be returned to you. If you have any special
requirements, please contact Huawei.
l One Fault Tag should be adapted in one return category, such as RMA/Return/Analysis.
l The items marked with "*" are the mandatory fields that you must fill in.
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