Motorola Solutions 89FT7623 5400xxyyzzab User Manual Operations guide pt 1
Motorola Solutions, Inc. 5400xxyyzzab Operations guide pt 1
Contents
Operations guide pt 1
| Download: |  |
| Mirror Download [FCC.gov] | |
| Document ID | 770962 |
| Application ID | 2CFB02RvQcXvsEks0jO65Q== |
| Document Description | Operations guide pt 1 |
| Short Term Confidential | No |
| Permanent Confidential | No |
| Supercede | No |
| Document Type | User Manual |
| Display Format | Adobe Acrobat PDF - pdf |
| Filesize | 165.85kB (2073174 bits) |
| Date Submitted | 2007-03-21 00:00:00 |
| Date Available | 2007-07-27 00:00:00 |
| Creation Date | 2007-02-26 10:08:33 |
| Producing Software | Mac OS X 10.4.8 Quartz PDFContext |
| Document Lastmod | 2007-03-12 14:16:25 |
| Document Title | Microsoft Word - CanopyR8UserGuideIss2RegDraft3.doc |
| Document Creator | Word |
| Document Author: | John Harris |
Canopy® System Release 8 User Guide Sys8-UG-en Issue 2 February 2007 includes… Planning Guide Installation and Configuration Guide Operations Guide Reference Information Draft 3 - for Regulatory Review Notices See the following information: ◦ important regulatory and legal notices in Section 36 on Page 489. ◦ personal safety guidelines in Section 15 on Page 169. Trademarks, Product Names, and Service Names MOTOROLA, the stylized M Logo and all ot her trademarks indicated as such herein are ® trademarks of Motorola, Inc. Reg. U.S. Pat & Tm. Office. Canopy is a registered trademark and MOTOwi4 is a trademark of Motorola, Inc. All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners. Adobe Reader is a registered trademark of Adobe Systems Incorporated. Java and all other Java-based marks are trademarks or registered trademarks of Sun Microsystems, Inc. in the U.S. and other countries. Microsoft and Windows are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation, and Windows XP is a trademark of Microsoft Corporation. © 2007 Motorola, Inc. All rights reserved. http://www.motorola.com/canopy TABLE OF SECTIONS Guide To This User Guide 31 Overview of Canopy Networks 43 Planning Guide 127 Installation and Configuration Guide 167 Operations Guide 363 Reference Information 485 Glossary 501 Draft 3 - for Regulatory Review TABLE OF CONTENTS G UID E T O T H IS U S ER G UID E ......................... 3 1 New in This Issue .................................................................................................... 33 1.1 New Products and Features Described in Issue 2 .......................................... 33 1.2 New Descriptions and Revisions in Issue 2 .................................................... 33 1.3 MOTOwi4 Portfolio ......................................................................................... 33 1.4 Products Covered by This User Guide ........................................................... 33 1.5 Products Not Covered by This User Guide ..................................................... 34 1.6 Software Compatibility Described in This User Guide..................................... 34 Using This User Guide ............................................................................................ 35 2.1 Finding the Information You Need .................................................................. 35 2.1.1 Becoming Familiar with This User Guide .......................................................... 35 2.1.2 Searching This User Guide................................................................................. 38 2.1.3 Finding Parameter and Field Definitions for Module Web Pages .................... 38 2.2 Interpreting Typeface and Other Conventions ................................................ 41 2.3 Getting Additional Help................................................................................... 42 2.4 Sending Feedback ......................................................................................... 42 O VERVIEW OF C AN O P Y N E TW ORK S ................ 4 3 Advancing from Research to Implementation ...................................................... 45 Realizing a Wireless Backhaul Network ................................................................ 47 Exploring the Scope of Solutions .......................................................................... 49 5.1 Components................................................................................................... 49 5.1.1 Canopy Access Point Module............................................................................. 49 5.1.2 Advantage Access Point Module ....................................................................... 49 5.1.3 Access Point Cluster ........................................................................................... 50 5.1.4 Canopy Subscriber Module ................................................................................ 50 5.1.5 Advantage Subscriber Module ........................................................................... 50 Draft 3 - for Regulatory Review Canopy Lite Subscriber Module ......................................................................... 50 5.1.7 900-MHz AP and SM .......................................................................................... 51 5.1.8 Backhaul Module ................................................................................................. 52 5.1.9 OFDM Series Backhaul Modules ....................................................................... 52 5.1.10 Power Indoor Units for OFDM Series Backhaul Modules .............................. 53 5.1.11 Radio Adjustable Power Capabilities ............................................................... 54 5.1.12 T1/E1 Multiplexer............................................................................................... 54 5.1.13 Cluster Management Module-2 (Part 1008CK-2) ........................................... 55 5.1.14 Cluster Management Module micro (Part 1070CK)........................................ 56 5.1.15 GPS Antenna ..................................................................................................... 56 5.1.16 Surge Suppressor (Part 300SS)....................................................................... 57 5.1.17 Accessory Components .................................................................................... 57 5.2 Frequency Band Ranges................................................................................ 61 5.3 Canopy Product Comparisons........................................................................ 62 5.4 5.1.6 5.3.1 Canopy Product Applications ............................................................................. 62 5.3.2 Link Performance and Encryption Comparisons............................................... 63 5.3.3 Cluster Management Product Comparison ....................................................... 67 Antennas for Connection to 900-MHz Modules .............................................. 68 5.4.1 Certified Connectorized Flat Panel Antennas ................................................... 68 5.4.2 Third-party Certified Connectorized Flat Panel Antenna .................................. 68 5.5 Adjunctive Software Products......................................................................... 69 5.6 Bandwidth and Authentication Manager ......................................................... 70 5.7 Prizm.............................................................................................................. 70 5.7.1 Network Definition and Element Discovery ....................................................... 70 5.7.2 Monitoring and Fault Management .................................................................... 71 5.7.3 Element Management ......................................................................................... 71 5.7.4 BAM Subsystem in Prizm ................................................................................... 72 5.7.5 Northbound Interface .......................................................................................... 72 5.8 License Management ..................................................................................... 72 5.9 Specifications and Limitations ........................................................................ 74 5.9.1 Radios .................................................................................................................. 74 5.9.2 Cluster Management Products ........................................................................... 75 5.9.3 300SS and 600SS Surge Suppressors ............................................................. 76 Differentiating Among Components ...................................................................... 77 6.1 Interpreting Model (Part) Number ................................................................... 77 7 6.2 Sorted Model (Part) Numbers......................................................................... 80 6.3 Interpreting Electronic Serial Number (ESN) .................................................. 81 6.4 Finding the Model (Part) Number and ESN .................................................... 81 Canopy Link Characteristics .................................................................................. 83 7.1 7.2 10 Understanding Bandwidth Management......................................................... 83 7.1.1 Downlink Frame Contents .................................................................................. 83 7.1.2 Uplink Frame Contents ....................................................................................... 83 7.1.3 Frame Structure................................................................................................... 84 7.1.4 Media Access Control and AP Capacity ............................................................ 85 7.1.5 Canopy Slot Usage ............................................................................................. 85 7.1.6 Data Transfer Capacity ....................................................................................... 85 7.1.7 Maximum Information Rate (MIR) Parameters ................................................. 85 7.1.8 Committed Information Rate............................................................................... 87 7.1.9 Bandwidth from the SM Perspective .................................................................. 88 7.1.10 Interaction of Burst Allocation and Sustained Data Rate Settings................. 88 7.1.11 High-priority Bandwidth ..................................................................................... 88 7.1.12 Hardware Scheduling ........................................................................................ 90 7.1.13 2X Operation...................................................................................................... 91 Understanding Synchronization...................................................................... 94 7.2.1 GPS Synchronization .......................................................................................... 94 7.2.2 Passing Sync in a Single Hop ............................................................................ 96 7.2.3 Passing Sync in an Additional Hop .................................................................... 97 Meeting Link Requirements ................................................................................... 99 8.1 AP-SM Links .................................................................................................. 99 8.2 BH-BH Links................................................................................................. 100 Previewing Network Configurations .................................................................... 103 9.1 Viewing Typical Layouts ............................................................................... 103 9.2 Viewing Case Studies .................................................................................. 105 Accessing Features ............................................................................................ 107 10.1 Activating Features ..................................................................................... 114 10.1.1 10.2 11 Fixed License Keys ......................................................................................... 114 Enabling Features ...................................................................................... 115 Acquiring Proficiencies ...................................................................................... 117 Draft 3 - for Regulatory Review 11.1 Understanding RF Fundamentals ............................................................... 117 11.2 Understanding IP Fundamentals................................................................. 117 11.3 Acquiring a Canopy Demonstration Kit ....................................................... 117 11.3.1 900-MHz with Integrated Antenna and Band-pass Filter Demonstration Kit117 11.3.2 900-MHz with Connectorized Antenna Demonstration Kit ........................... 117 11.3.3 2.4-GHz with Adjustable Power Set to Low Demonstration Kit .................. 118 11.3.4 2.4-GHz with Adjustable Power Set to High Demonstration Kit................... 118 11.3.5 5.1-GHz Demonstration Kit............................................................................. 119 11.3.6 5.2-GHz Demonstration Kit............................................................................. 119 11.3.7 5.4-GHz Demonstration Kit............................................................................. 119 11.3.8 5.7-GHz with Integrated Antenna Demonstration Kit.................................... 120 11.3.9 5.7-GHz with Connectorized Antenna and Adjustable Power Set to Low... 120 11.3.10 Demonstration Kit Part Numbers ................................................................... 120 11.4 Acquiring a Canopy Starter Kit.................................................................... 121 11.4.1 900-MHz with Integrated Antenna and Band-pass Filter Starter Kit............ 121 11.4.2 900-MHz with Connectorized Antenna Starter Kit ........................................ 122 11.4.3 2.4-GHz with Adjustable Power Set to Low Starter Kit................................. 122 11.4.4 2.4-GHz with Adjustable Power Set to High Starter Kit ................................ 122 11.4.5 5.1-GHz Starter Kit .......................................................................................... 123 11.4.6 5.2-GHz Starter Kit .......................................................................................... 123 11.4.7 5.4-GHz Starter Kit .......................................................................................... 123 11.4.8 5.7-GHz with Integrated Antenna Starter Kit ................................................. 124 11.4.9 5.7-GHz with Connectorized Antenna and Adjustable Power Set to Low... 124 11.4.10 Starter Kit Part Numbers................................................................................. 124 11.5 Evaluating Canopy Training Options........................................................... 125 11.6 Attending On-line Knowledge Sessions ...................................................... 125 P LANN IN G G U ID E ................................ ........ 1 2 7 12 Engineering Your RF Communications ............................................................. 129 12.1 Anticipating RF Signal Loss ........................................................................ 129 12.1.1 Understanding Attenuation ............................................................................. 129 12.1.2 Calculating Free Space Path Loss................................................................. 129 12.1.3 Calculating Rx Signal Level ............................................................................ 129 12.1.4 Calculating Fade Margin ................................................................................. 130 12.2 Analyzing the RF Environment ................................................................... 131 12.2.1 Mapping RF Neighbor Frequencies ............................................................... 131 12.2.2 Anticipating Reflection of Radio Waves......................................................... 132 12.2.3 Noting Possible Obstructions in the Fresnel Zone........................................ 132 12.2.4 Radar Signature Detection and Shutdown (Dynamic Frequency Selection – DFS) ................................................................................................................. 132 12.3 Using Jitter to Check Received Signal Quality ............................................ 134 12.4 Using Link Efficiency to Check Received Signal Quality ............................. 135 12.5 12.6 12.4.1 Comparing Efficiency in 1X Operation to Efficiency in 2X Operation .......... 135 12.4.2 When to Switch from 2X to 1X Operation Based on 60% Link Efficiency ... 135 Considering Frequency Band Alternatives .................................................. 136 12.5.1 900-MHz Channels.......................................................................................... 137 12.5.2 2.4-GHz Channels ........................................................................................... 137 12.5.3 5.2-GHz Channels ........................................................................................... 137 12.5.4 5.4-GHz Channels ........................................................................................... 138 12.5.5 5.7-GHz Channels ........................................................................................... 139 12.5.6 Channels Available for OFDM Backhaul Modules ........................................ 140 12.5.7 Example Channel Plans for AP Clusters ....................................................... 140 12.5.8 Multiple Access Points Clusters ..................................................................... 141 Selecting Sites for Network Elements ......................................................... 142 12.6.1 Resources for Maps and Topographic Images ............................................. 143 12.6.2 Surveying Sites................................................................................................ 143 12.6.3 Assuring the Essentials................................................................................... 144 12.6.4 Finding the Expected Coverage Area ............................................................ 144 12.6.5 Clearing the Radio Horizon............................................................................. 145 12.6.6 Calculating the Aim Angles............................................................................. 145 12.7 Collocating Canopy Modules ...................................................................... 146 12.8 Deploying a Remote AP ............................................................................. 147 12.9 12.8.1 Remote AP Performance ................................................................................ 148 12.8.2 Example Use Case for RF Obstructions........................................................ 148 12.8.3 Example Use Case for Passing Sync ............................................................ 149 12.8.4 Physical Connections Involving the Remote AP ........................................... 150 Diagramming Network Layouts ................................................................... 151 12.9.1 Accounting for Link Ranges and Data Handling Requirements................... 151 12.9.2 Avoiding Self Interference............................................................................... 151 12.9.3 Avoiding Other Interference............................................................................ 153 Draft 3 - for Regulatory Review 13 Engineering Your IP Communications .............................................................. 155 13.1 Understanding Addresses........................................................................... 155 13.1.1 13.2 Dynamic or Static Addressing ..................................................................... 155 13.2.1 13.3 13.4 14 IP Address ....................................................................................................... 155 When a DHCP Server is Not Found .............................................................. 155 Network Address Translation (NAT) ........................................................... 156 13.3.1 NAT, DHCP Server, DHCP Client, and DMZ in SM ..................................... 156 13.3.2 NAT and VPNs ................................................................................................ 161 Developing an IP Addressing Scheme........................................................ 161 13.4.1 Address Resolution Protocol .......................................................................... 162 13.4.2 Allocating Subnets........................................................................................... 162 13.4.3 Selecting Non-routable IP Addresses ............................................................ 162 Engineering VLANs............................................................................................. 165 14.1 SM Membership in VLANs .......................................................................... 165 14.2 Priority on VLANs (802.1p) ......................................................................... 166 I N S TA L LA T IO N 15 C O N F I GURA T IO N G UID E 1 6 7 Avoiding Hazards ................................................................................................ 169 15.1 Preventing Overexposure to RF Energy ..................................................... 169 15.1.1 15.2 16 AND Details of Calculations for Separation Distances and Power Compliance Margins............................................................................................................. 169 Grounding Canopy Equipment.................................................................... 171 15.2.1 Grounding Infrastructure Equipment.............................................................. 171 15.2.2 Grounding Canopy 30/60- and 150/300-Mbps Backhaul Modules.............. 172 15.2.3 Grounding SMs................................................................................................ 172 15.3 Conforming to Regulations ......................................................................... 174 15.4 Protecting Cables and Connections ............................................................ 174 Testing the Components .................................................................................... 177 16.1 Unpacking Components ............................................................................. 177 16.2 Configuring for Test .................................................................................... 177 16.2.1 Configuring the Computing Device for Test .................................................. 177 16.2.2 Default Module Configuration ......................................................................... 178 16.2.3 Component Layout .......................................................................................... 178 16.2.4 Diagnostic LEDs .............................................................................................. 179 16.2.5 CMM2 Component Layout.............................................................................. 180 16.2.6 CMMmicro Component Layout....................................................................... 180 16.2.7 Standards for Wiring ....................................................................................... 182 16.2.8 Best Practices for Cabling .............................................................................. 182 16.2.9 Recommended Tools for Wiring Connectors ................................................ 182 16.2.10 Wiring Connectors ........................................................................................... 182 16.2.11 Alignment Tone—Technical Details ............................................................... 184 16.3 16.4 Configuring a Point-to-Multipoint Link for Test ............................................ 184 16.3.1 Quick Start Page of the AP............................................................................. 185 16.3.2 Time Tab of the AP ......................................................................................... 191 16.3.3 Session Status Tab of the AP......................................................................... 193 16.3.4 Beginning the Test of Point-to-Multipoint Links............................................. 197 16.3.5 Remote Subscribers Tab of the AP ............................................................... 197 16.3.6 General Status Tab of the SM ........................................................................ 198 16.3.7 Continuing the Test of Point-to-Multipoint Links ........................................... 200 16.3.8 General Status Tab of the AP......................................................................... 201 16.3.9 Concluding the Test of Point-to-Multipoint Links........................................... 203 Configuring a Point-to-Point Link for Test ................................................... 204 16.4.1 Quick Start Page of the BHM ......................................................................... 205 16.4.2 Time Tab of the BHM ...................................................................................... 206 16.4.3 Beginning the Test of Point-to-Point Links .................................................... 210 16.4.4 Continuing the Test of Point-to-Point Links ................................................... 212 16.4.5 General Status Tab of the BHM ..................................................................... 213 16.4.6 Concluding the Test of Point-to-Point Links .................................................. 215 16.4.7 Setting up a CMMmicro .................................................................................. 216 16.4.8 Status Page of the CMMmicro ....................................................................... 221 16.4.9 Configuration Page of the CMMmicro............................................................ 224 16.4.10 Configuring Modules for Connection to CMMmicro ...................................... 231 16.4.11 Event Log Page of the CMMmicro ................................................................. 231 16.4.12 GPS Status Page of the CMMmicro .............................................................. 231 16.4.13 Port MIB Page of the CMMmicro ................................................................... 232 17 Preparing Components for Deployment............................................................ 233 17.1 Correlating Component-specific Information ............................................... 233 17.2 Ensuring Continuing Access to the Modules ............................................... 233 Draft 3 - for Regulatory Review 18 Configuring for the Destination.......................................................................... 235 18.1 Configuring an AP for the Destination ......................................................... 235 18.1.1 General Tab of the AP .................................................................................... 235 18.1.2 IP Tab of the AP .............................................................................................. 239 18.1.3 Radio Tab of the AP ........................................................................................ 241 18.1.4 SNMP Tab of the AP....................................................................................... 246 18.1.5 Quality of Service (QoS) Tab of the AP ......................................................... 249 18.1.6 Security Tab of the AP .................................................................................... 251 18.1.7 VLAN Tab of the AP ........................................................................................ 253 18.1.8 VLAN Membership Tab of the AP .................................................................. 255 18.1.9 DiffServe Tab of the AP .................................................................................. 256 18.1.10 Unit Settings Tab of the AP ............................................................................ 258 18.2 Configuring an SM for the Destination ........................................................ 259 18.2.1 General Tab of the SM.................................................................................... 260 18.2.2 NAT and IP Tabs of the SM with NAT Disabled ........................................... 262 18.2.3 NAT and IP Tabs of the SM with NAT Enabled ............................................ 268 18.2.4 Radio Tab of the SM ....................................................................................... 273 18.2.5 SNMP Tab of the SM ...................................................................................... 276 18.2.6 Quality of Service (QoS) Tab of the SM ........................................................ 279 18.2.7 Security Tab of the SM ................................................................................... 282 18.2.8 VLAN Tab of the SM ....................................................................................... 284 18.2.9 VLAN Membership Tab of the SM ................................................................. 286 18.2.10 DiffServe Tab of the SM.................................................................................. 287 18.2.11 Protocol Filtering Tab of the SM..................................................................... 289 18.2.12 NAT Port Mapping Tab of the SM .................................................................. 290 18.2.13 Unit Settings Tab of the SM............................................................................ 291 18.3 Setting the Configuration Source ................................................................ 292 18.4 Configuring a BH Timing Master for the Destination ................................... 294 18.4.1 General Tab of the BHM ................................................................................. 295 18.4.2 IP Tab of the BHM........................................................................................... 298 18.4.3 Radio Tab of the BHM..................................................................................... 300 18.4.4 SNMP Tab of the BHM ................................................................................... 303 18.4.5 Security Tab of the BHM................................................................................. 306 18.4.6 DiffServe Tab of the BHM............................................................................... 308 18.4.7 Unit Settings Tab of the BHM ......................................................................... 310 18.5 18.6 19 Configuring a BH Timing Slave for the Destination ..................................... 312 18.5.1 General Tab of the BHS.................................................................................. 312 18.5.2 IP Tab of the BHS ........................................................................................... 315 18.5.3 Radio Tab of the BHS ..................................................................................... 316 18.5.4 SNMP Tab of the BHS .................................................................................... 319 18.5.5 Quality of Service (QoS) Tab of the BHS ...................................................... 321 18.5.6 Security Tab of the BHS ................................................................................. 322 18.5.7 DiffServe Tab of the BHS ............................................................................... 324 18.5.8 Unit Settings Tab of the BHS.......................................................................... 325 Adjusting Transmitter Output Power ........................................................... 326 Installing Components........................................................................................ 331 19.1 PDA Access to Canopy Modules ................................................................ 331 19.2 Installing an AP........................................................................................... 334 19.3 Installing a Connectorized Flat Panel Antenna............................................ 335 19.4 Installing a GPS Antenna............................................................................ 336 19.5 19.6 19.4.1 Recommended Materials for Cabling the GPS Antenna .............................. 337 19.4.2 Cabling the GPS Antenna............................................................................... 337 Installing a CMM2 ....................................................................................... 337 19.5.1 CMM2 Installation Temperature Range......................................................... 337 19.5.2 Recommended Tools for Mounting a CMM2 ................................................ 337 19.5.3 Mounting a CMM2 ........................................................................................... 338 19.5.4 Cabling a CMM2.............................................................................................. 338 19.5.5 Verifying CMM2 Connections ......................................................................... 342 Installing a CMMmicro ................................................................................ 342 19.6.1 CMMmicro Temperature Range..................................................................... 343 19.6.2 Recommended Tools for Mounting a CMMmicro ......................................... 343 19.6.3 Mounting a CMMmicro .................................................................................... 343 19.6.4 Installing the Power Supply for the CMMmicro ............................................. 343 19.6.5 Cabling a CMMmicro....................................................................................... 344 19.6.6 Verifying CMMmicro Connections.................................................................. 345 19.7 Installing an SM .......................................................................................... 346 19.8 Verifying an AP-SM Link ............................................................................. 349 19.9 Installing a Reflector Dish ........................................................................... 352 19.9.1 Both Modules Mounted at Same Elevation ................................................... 352 19.9.2 Modules Mounted at Different Elevations...................................................... 353 Draft 3 - for Regulatory Review 19.9.3 Mounting Assembly ......................................................................................... 353 19.10 Installing a BH Timing Master ..................................................................... 354 19.11 Installing a BH Timing Slave ....................................................................... 356 19.12 Upgrading a BH Link to BH20 ..................................................................... 357 19.13 Verifying a BH Link ..................................................................................... 357 20 Verifying System Functionality .......................................................................... 361 O PERA TIO N S G UID E ................................ ..... 3 6 3 21 Growing Your Network ....................................................................................... 365 21.1 21.2 21.3 Monitoring the RF Environment .................................................................. 365 21.1.1 Spectrum Analyzer .......................................................................................... 365 21.1.2 Graphical Spectrum Analyzer Display ........................................................... 365 21.1.3 Using the AP as a Spectrum Analyzer........................................................... 366 Considering Software Release Compatibility .............................................. 367 21.2.1 Designations for Hardware in Radios ............................................................ 367 21.2.2 CMMmicro Software and Hardware Compatibility ........................................ 368 21.2.3 MIB File Set Compatibility............................................................................... 368 Redeploying Modules ................................................................................. 369 21.3.1 22 Wiring to Extend Network Sync ...................................................................... 369 Securing Your Network....................................................................................... 371 22.1 Isolating APs from the Internet.................................................................... 371 22.2 Encrypting Canopy Radio Transmissions ................................................... 371 22.3 22.2.1 DES Encryption ............................................................................................... 371 22.2.2 AES Encryption ............................................................................................... 371 22.2.3 AES-DES Operability Comparisons ............................................................... 372 Managing Module Access by Passwords.................................................... 373 22.3.1 Adding a User for Access to a Module .......................................................... 373 22.3.2 Overriding Forgotten IP Addresses or Passwords on AP, SM, or BH......... 375 22.3.3 Overriding Forgotten IP Addresses or Passwords on CMMmicro ............... 377 22.4 Requiring SM Authentication ...................................................................... 377 22.5 Filtering Protocols and Ports....................................................................... 378 22.5.1 Port Filtering with NAT Enabled ..................................................................... 378 22.5.2 Protocol and Port Filtering with NAT Disabled .............................................. 378 22.6 Encrypting Downlink Broadcasts................................................................. 380 22.7 Isolating SMs .............................................................................................. 380 22.8 Filtering Management through Ethernet...................................................... 381 22.9 Allowing Management from Only Specified IP Addresses........................... 381 22.10 Configuring Management IP by DHCP........................................................ 381 23 24 Managing Bandwidth and Authentication ......................................................... 383 23.1 Managing Bandwidth without BAM ............................................................. 383 23.2 Bandwidth and Authentication Manager (BAM) Services and Features ...... 383 23.2.1 Bandwidth Manager Capability....................................................................... 383 23.2.2 Authentication Manager Capability ................................................................ 385 Managing the Network From a Management Station (NMS) ............................ 387 24.1 24.2 Roles of Hardware and Software Elements ................................................ 387 24.1.1 Role of the Agent............................................................................................. 387 24.1.2 Role of the Managed Device .......................................................................... 387 24.1.3 Role of the NMS .............................................................................................. 387 24.1.4 Dual Roles for the NMS .................................................................................. 387 24.1.5 Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) Commands ...................... 387 24.1.6 Traps from the Agent ...................................................................................... 388 24.1.7 AP SNMP Proxy to SMs ................................................................................. 388 Management Information Base (MIB) ......................................................... 388 24.2.1 Cascading Path to the MIB ............................................................................. 388 24.2.2 Object Instances .............................................................................................. 389 24.2.3 Management Information Base Systems and Interface (MIB-II).................. 389 24.2.4 Canopy Enterprise MIB................................................................................... 390 24.3 Configuring Modules for SNMP Access ...................................................... 391 24.4 Objects Defined in the Canopy Enterprise MIB ........................................... 391 24.4.1 AP, SM, and BH Objects................................................................................. 391 24.4.2 AP and BH Timing Master Objects ................................................................ 394 24.4.3 SM and BH Timing Slave Objects.................................................................. 398 24.4.4 CMMmicro Objects.......................................................................................... 401 24.5 Objects Defined in the Canopy OFDM BH Module MIB .............................. 404 24.6 Objects Supported in the Canopy 30/60-Mbps BH...................................... 405 24.7 Objects Supported in the Canopy 150/300-Mbps BH.................................. 405 24.8 Interface Designations in SNMP ................................................................. 405 Draft 3 - for Regulatory Review 24.9 Traps Provided in the Canopy Enterprise MIB ............................................ 406 24.10 Traps Provided in the Canopy 30/60-Mbps BH Module MIB ....................... 406 24.11 Traps Provided in the Canopy 150/300-Mbps BH Module MIB ................... 406 24.12 MIB Viewers ............................................................................................... 407 25 26 Using the Canopy Network Updater Tool (CNUT) ............................................. 409 25.1 CNUT Functions ......................................................................................... 409 25.2 Network Element Groups............................................................................ 409 25.3 Network Layers........................................................................................... 409 25.4 Script Engine .............................................................................................. 410 25.5 Software Dependencies for CNUT.............................................................. 410 25.6 CNUT Download......................................................................................... 410 Using Informational Tabs in the GUI.................................................................. 411 26.1 Viewing General Status (All) ....................................................................... 411 26.2 Viewing Session Status (AP, BHM) ............................................................ 411 26.3 Viewing Remote Subscribers (AP, BHM) .................................................... 412 26.4 Interpreting Messages in the Event Log (All) .............................................. 412 26.4.1 Time and Date Stamp ..................................................................................... 412 26.4.2 Event Log Data Collection .............................................................................. 412 26.4.3 Messages that Flag Abnormal Events ........................................................... 414 26.4.4 Messages that Flag Normal Events ............................................................... 414 26.5 Viewing the Network Interface Tab (All) ...................................................... 415 26.6 Interpreting Radio Statistics in the Scheduler Tab (All) ............................... 416 26.7 Viewing the List of Registration Failures (AP, BHM) ................................... 417 26.8 Interpreting Data in the Bridging Table (All) ................................................ 418 26.9 Translation Table (SM) ............................................................................... 419 26.10 Interpreting Data in the Ethernet Tab (All)................................................... 419 26.11 Interpreting RF Control Block Statistics in the Radio Tab (All) .................... 422 26.12 Interpreting Data in the VLAN Tab (AP, SM)............................................... 423 26.13 Data VC (All)............................................................................................... 425 26.14 Filter (SM)................................................................................................... 426 26.15 NAT Stats (SM) .......................................................................................... 427 26.15.1 NAT DHCP Statistics (SM) ............................................................................. 428 26.15.2 Interpreting Data in the GPS Status Page (AP, BHM).................................. 429 27 28 Using Tools in the GUI ........................................................................................ 431 27.1 Using the Spectrum Analyzer Tool (SM, BHS)............................................ 431 27.2 Using the Alignment Tool (SM, BHS) .......................................................... 431 27.3 Using the Link Capacity Test Tool (All) ....................................................... 434 27.4 Using the AP Evaluation or BHM Evaluation Tool (SM, BHS) ..................... 436 27.5 Using the Frame Calculator Tool (All) ......................................................... 440 27.6 Using the SM Configuration Tool (AP, BHM) .............................................. 445 27.7 Using the BER Results Tool (SM, BHS)...................................................... 446 Maintaining Your Canopy Software ................................................................... 447 28.1 History of System Software Upgrades ........................................................ 447 28.1.1 Canopy Release 8.1 Features........................................................................ 447 28.1.2 Canopy Release 8.1 Fixes.............................................................................. 447 28.2 History of CMMmicro Software Upgrades ................................................... 447 28.3 Typical Contents of Release Notes............................................................. 447 28.4 Typical Upgrade Process............................................................................ 447 28.4.1 Downloading Software and Release Notes ................................................... 448 29 Rebranding Module Interface Screens .............................................................. 449 30 Toggling Remote Access Capability.................................................................. 453 31 32 30.1 Denying All Remote Access........................................................................ 453 30.2 Reinstating Remote Access Capability ....................................................... 453 Setting Up a Protocol Analyzer on Your Canopy Network ............................... 455 31.1 Analyzing Traffic at an SM .......................................................................... 455 31.2 Analyzing Traffic at an AP or BH with No CMM .......................................... 456 31.3 Analyzing Traffic at an AP or BH with a CMM ............................................. 456 31.4 Example of a Protocol Analyzer Setup for an SM ....................................... 457 Troubleshooting .................................................................................................. 465 32.1 General Planning for Troubleshooting ........................................................ 465 32.2 General Fault Isolation Process .................................................................. 465 32.3 Questions to Help Isolate the Problem........................................................ 466 32.4 Secondary Steps ........................................................................................ 466 32.5 Procedures for Troubleshooting.................................................................. 467 32.5.1 Module Has Lost or Does Not Establish Connectivity .................................. 467 Draft 3 - for Regulatory Review 32.5.2 NAT/DHCP-configured SM Has Lost or Does Not Establish Connectivity.. 468 32.5.3 SM Does Not Register to an AP..................................................................... 470 32.5.4 BHS Does Not Register to the BHM .............................................................. 471 32.5.5 Module Has Lost or Does Not Gain Sync...................................................... 472 32.5.6 Module Does Not Establish Ethernet Connectivity ....................................... 473 32.5.7 Module Does Not Power Up ........................................................................... 474 32.5.8 Power Supply Does Not Produce Power ....................................................... 474 32.5.9 CMM2 Does Not Power Up ............................................................................ 475 32.5.10 CMM2 Does Not Pass Proper GPS Sync to Connected Modules............... 475 32.5.11 Module Software Cannot be Upgraded ......................................................... 476 32.5.12 Module Functions Properly, Except Web Interface Became Inaccessible .. 476 33 Obtaining Technical Support ............................................................................. 477 34 Getting Warranty Assistance ............................................................................. 483 R EFERE NCE I N FORMA T I O N ............................ 4 8 5 35 Administering Modules through telnet Interface .............................................. 487 36 Legal and Regulatory Notices ............................................................................ 489 36.1 Important Note on Modifications ................................................................. 489 36.2 National and Regional Regulatory Notices.................................................. 489 36.2.1 U.S. Federal Communication Commission (FCC) and Industry Canada (IC) Notification ....................................................................................................... 489 36.2.2 Regulatory Requirements for CEPT Member States (http://www.cept.org) 490 36.2.3 European Union Notification ........................................................................... 491 36.2.4 UK Notification ................................................................................................. 492 36.2.5 Belgium Notification......................................................................................... 492 36.2.6 Luxembourg Notification ................................................................................. 492 36.2.7 Czech Republic Notification............................................................................ 492 36.2.8 Norway Notification ......................................................................................... 492 36.2.9 Greece Notification .......................................................................................... 493 36.2.10 Brazil Notification............................................................................................. 493 36.2.11 Australia Notification ....................................................................................... 493 36.3 Exposure .................................................................................................... 493 36.4 Equipment Disposal.................................................................................... 494 36.5 Legal Notices.............................................................................................. 494 36.5.1 Software License Terms and Conditions ....................................................... 494 36.5.2 Hardware Warranty in U.S.............................................................................. 496 36.5.3 Limit of Liability ................................................................................................ 496 37 Additional Resources ......................................................................................... 497 38 History of Documentation................................................................................... 499 G LOS SARY ................................ ................... 5 0 1 Draft 3 - for Regulatory Review LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1: Canopy Advantage Platform GUI logo.............................................................. 49 Figure 2: Pole-mounted AP cluster.................................................................................. 50 Figure 3: Structure-mounted SM ..................................................................................... 50 Figure 4: Examples of flat panel antennas with 900-MHz modules.................................. 51 Figure 5: Dish-mounted 10- or 20-Mbps BH .................................................................... 52 Figure 6: 30/60- or 150/300-Mbps Backhaul Module, integrated antenna........................ 52 Figure 7: 30/60- or 150/300-Mbps Backhaul Module, connected to external antenna..... 53 Figure 8: PIDU for 30/60-Mbps BH.................................................................................. 53 Figure 9: PIDU for 150/300-Mbps BH.............................................................................. 53 Figure 10: T1/E1 Multiplexer, front view .......................................................................... 54 Figure 11: T1/E1 Multiplexer, rear view ........................................................................... 54 Figure 12: CMM2 enclosure ............................................................................................ 55 Figure 13: CMM2 pole-mounted...................................................................................... 55 Figure 14: Motorola GPS antenna ................................................................................... 56 Figure 15: 300SS surge suppressor ................................................................................ 57 Figure 16: ACPS110-03A power supply .......................................................................... 58 Figure 17: ACPSSW-09A power supply .......................................................................... 58 Figure 18: 27RD with mounted module ........................................................................... 58 Figure 19: SMMB1 SM support bracket........................................................................... 59 Figure 20: ACATHS-01 alignment headset...................................................................... 61 Figure 21: HSG-01 Housing ............................................................................................ 61 Figure 22: Uplink data slot usage .................................................................................... 85 Figure 23: TDD dividing Canopy frames.......................................................................... 85 Figure 24: Uplink and downlink rate caps adjusted to apply aggregate cap..................... 87 Figure 25: Uplink and downlink rate cap adjustment example ......................................... 87 Figure 26: Canopy channel, 75% downlink, 0% high priority in uplink ............................. 90 Figure 27: One unsynchronized AP in cluster.................................................................. 95 Figure 28: GPS timing throughout the Canopy network................................................... 96 Figure 29: Additional link to extend network sync, Design 3 ............................................ 97 Figure 30: Additional link to extend network sync, Design 4 ............................................ 98 Figure 31: Additional link to extend network sync, Design 5 ............................................ 98 Figure 32: Canopy Path Profiler tool ............................................................................. 101 Figure 33: OFDM series BH Link Estimator tool ............................................................ 102 Figure 34: Typical network layout with no BH................................................................ 103 Figure 35: Typical network layout with BH..................................................................... 104 Figure 36: Typical multiple-BH network layout............................................................... 104 Figure 37: Determinants in Rx signal level .................................................................... 130 Figure 38: Example layout of 7 Access Point clusters ................................................... 142 Figure 39: Fresnel zone ................................................................................................ 144 Figure 40: Variables for calculating angle of elevation (and depression) ....................... 145 Figure 41: Double-hop backhaul links ........................................................................... 146 Figure 42: Remote AP deployment ............................................................................... 147 Figure 43: Example 900-MHz remote AP behind 2.4-GHz SM ...................................... 149 Figure 44: Remote AP wired to SM that also serves a customer ................................... 150 Figure 45: Remote AP wired to SM that serves as a relay............................................. 151 Figure 46: NAT Disabled implementation ...................................................................... 157 Figure 47: NAT with DHCP Client and DHCP Server implementation ........................... 158 Figure 48: NAT with DHCP Client implementation......................................................... 159 Figure 49: NAT with DHCP Server implementation ....................................................... 160 Figure 50: NAT without DHCP implementation.............................................................. 161 Figure 51: Example of IP address in Class B subnet..................................................... 162 Figure 52: Canopy base cover, attached and detached................................................. 178 Figure 53: Canopy CMM2, bottom view ........................................................................ 180 Figure 54: Cluster Management Module micro .............................................................. 181 Figure 55: RJ-45 pinout for straight-through Ethernet cable .......................................... 183 Figure 56: RJ-45 pinout for crossover Ethernet cable.................................................... 183 Figure 57: RJ-11 pinout for straight-through sync cable ................................................ 184 Figure 58: Quick Start tab of AP, example .................................................................... 186 Figure 59: Radio Frequency Carrier tab of AP, example ............................................... 187 Figure 60: Synchronization tab of AP, example ............................................................. 188 Figure 61: LAN IP Address tab of AP, example ............................................................. 189 Figure 62: Review and Save Configuration tab of AP, example..................................... 190 Figure 63: Time tab of AP, example .............................................................................. 191 Figure 64: Session Status tab data from AP, example .................................................. 193 Figure 65: Remote Subscribers tab of AP, example ...................................................... 197 Draft 3 - for Regulatory Review Figure 66: General Status tab of SM, example .............................................................. 198 Figure 67: General Status tab of AP, example .............................................................. 201 Figure 68: Quick Start tab of BHM, example ................................................................. 205 Figure 69: Time tab of BHM, example ........................................................................... 207 Figure 70: Remote Subscribers tab of BHM, example ................................................... 209 Figure 71: General Status tab of BHS, example ............................................................ 210 Figure 72: General Status tab of BHM, example ........................................................... 213 Figure 73: CMMmicro layout ......................................................................................... 216 Figure 74: CMMmicro door label ................................................................................... 218 Figure 75: CMMmicro circuit board ............................................................................... 220 Figure 76: CMMmicro connections ................................................................................ 220 Figure 77: Status page of CMMmicro, example............................................................. 221 Figure 78: Configuration page of CMMmicro, example.................................................. 224 Figure 79: GPS Status page of CMMmicro, example .................................................... 231 Figure 80: Port MIB page of CMMmicro, example ......................................................... 232 Figure 81: General tab of AP, example ......................................................................... 236 Figure 82: IP tab of AP, example................................................................................... 239 Figure 83: Radio tab of AP (900 MHz), example ........................................................... 241 Figure 84: SNMP tab of AP, example............................................................................ 246 Figure 85: Quality of Service (QoS) tab of AP, example ................................................ 249 Figure 86: Security tab of AP, example ......................................................................... 251 Figure 87: VLAN tab of AP, example............................................................................. 253 Figure 88: VLAN Membership tab of AP, example ........................................................ 255 Figure 89: DiffServe tab of AP, example ....................................................................... 256 Figure 90: Unit Settings tab of AP, example .................................................................. 258 Figure 91: General tab of SM, example......................................................................... 260 Figure 92: NAT tab of SM with NAT disabled, example ................................................. 263 Figure 93: IP tab of SM with NAT disabled, example..................................................... 266 Figure 94: NAT tab of SM with NAT enabled, example.................................................. 268 Figure 95: IP tab of SM with NAT enabled, example ..................................................... 272 Figure 96: Radio tab of SM, example ............................................................................ 273 Figure 97: SNMP tab of SM, example ........................................................................... 276 Figure 98: Quality of Service (QoS) tab of SM, example ............................................... 279 Figure 99: Security tab of SM, example......................................................................... 282 Figure 100: VLAN tab of SM, example .......................................................................... 284 Figure 101: VLAN Membership tab of SM, example...................................................... 286 Figure 102: DiffServe tab of SM, example ..................................................................... 287 Figure 103: Protocol Filtering tab of SM, example ......................................................... 289 Figure 104: NAT Port Mapping tab of SM, example ...................................................... 290 Figure 105: Unit Settings tab of SM, example ............................................................... 291 Figure 106: General tab of BHM, example .................................................................... 295 Figure 107: IP tab of BHM, example ............................................................................. 298 Figure 108: Radio tab of BHM, example........................................................................ 300 Figure 109: SNMP tab of BHM, example....................................................................... 303 Figure 110: Security tab of BHM, example .................................................................... 306 Figure 111: DiffServe tab of BHM, example .................................................................. 308 Figure 112: Unit Settings tab of BHM, example ............................................................. 310 Figure 113: General tab of BHS, example ..................................................................... 312 Figure 114: IP tab of BHS, example .............................................................................. 315 Figure 115: Radio tab of BHS, example ........................................................................ 317 Figure 116: SNMP tab of BHS, example ....................................................................... 319 Figure 117: Quality of Service (QoS) tab of BHS, example ........................................... 321 Figure 118: Security tab of BHS, example..................................................................... 322 Figure 119: DiffServe tab of BHS, example ................................................................... 324 Figure 120: Unit Settings tab of BHS, example ............................................................. 325 Figure 121: PDA Quick Status tab, example ................................................................. 332 Figure 122: PDA Spectrum Analyzer tab of SM, example ............................................. 332 Figure 123: PDA Spectrum Results tab of SM, example ............................................... 333 Figure 124: PDA Information tab of SM, example.......................................................... 333 Figure 125: PDA AP Evaluation tab of SM, example ..................................................... 334 Figure 126: PDA Aim tab of SM, example ..................................................................... 334 Figure 127: Detail of GPS antenna mounting ................................................................ 337 Figure 128: Detail of pole mounting............................................................................... 338 Figure 129: Location of 115-/230-volt switch ................................................................. 339 Figure 130: Layout of logical connections in CMM2 ...................................................... 340 Figure 131: Canopy CMM2, front view .......................................................................... 341 Figure 132: Port indicator LED on Ethernet switch ........................................................ 342 Draft 3 - for Regulatory Review Figure 133: SM attachment to reflector arm .................................................................. 346 Figure 134: SM grounding per NEC specifications ........................................................ 347 Figure 135: Internal view of Canopy 300SS Surge Suppressor ..................................... 348 Figure 136: Audible Alignment Tone kit, including headset and connecting cable ......... 349 Figure 137: AP/SM link status indications in the AP Session Status tab ........................ 351 Figure 138: Correct mount with reflector dish ................................................................ 352 Figure 139: Incorrect mount with reflector dish .............................................................. 353 Figure 140: Mounting assembly, exploded view ............................................................ 354 Figure 141: BH attachment to reflector arm................................................................... 355 Figure 142: Session Status tab of BHM......................................................................... 359 Figure 143: Spectrum Analyzer tab of SM, example...................................................... 366 Figure 144: General Status tab view for GUEST-level account ..................................... 374 Figure 145: Add User tab of SM, example..................................................................... 375 Figure 146: RJ-11 pinout for the override plug .............................................................. 376 Figure 147: Categorical protocol filtering ....................................................................... 379 Figure 148: Session Status tab data, example .............................................................. 411 Figure 149: Event Log tab data, example ...................................................................... 413 Figure 150: Network Interface tab of AP, example ........................................................ 415 Figure 151: Network Interface tab of SM, example........................................................ 415 Figure 152: Scheduler tab of SM, example ................................................................... 416 Figure 153: SM Registration Failures tab of AP, example ............................................. 417 Figure 154: Bridging Table tab of AP, example ............................................................. 418 Figure 155: Translation Table tab of SM, example ........................................................ 419 Figure 156: Ethernet tab of AP, example....................................................................... 420 Figure 157: Radio tab of Statistics page in SM, example............................................... 422 Figure 158: VLAN tab of AP, example........................................................................... 424 Figure 159: Data VC tab of SM, example ...................................................................... 425 Figure 160: Filter tab on SM, example........................................................................... 427 Figure 161: Nat Stats tab on SM, example .................................................................... 428 Figure 162: NAT DHCP Statistics tab in SM, example .................................................. 428 Figure 163: Alignment tab of BHS, example.................................................................. 431 Figure 164: Link Capacity Test tab with 1522-byte packet length, example................... 434 Figure 165: Link Capacity Test tab with 64-byte packet length, example....................... 435 Figure 166: AP Evaluation tab of SM, example ............................................................. 437 Figure 167: Frame Calculator tab, example................................................................... 441 Figure 168: Calculated Frame Results section of Frame Calculator tab, example ......... 444 Figure 169: SM Configuration tab of AP, example......................................................... 445 Figure 170: BER Results tab of SM, example ............................................................... 446 Figure 171: Example ftp session to transfer custom logo file ......................................... 450 Figure 172: Example telnet session to activate custom logo file .................................... 451 Figure 173: Example telnet session to clear custom files .............................................. 452 Figure 174: Protocol analysis at SM .............................................................................. 455 Figure 175: Protocol analysis at AP or BH not connected to a CMM ............................. 456 Figure 176: Protocol analysis at AP or BH connected to a CMM ................................... 457 Figure 177: IP tab of SM with NAT disabled and local accessibility ............................... 458 Figure 178: Local Area Connection Properties window ................................................. 459 Figure 179: Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) Properties window ............................................ 459 Figure 180: Ethereal Capture Options window .............................................................. 460 Figure 181: Ethereal Capture window ........................................................................... 461 Figure 182:- Ethereal window, Packet 1 selected ........................................ 462 Figure 183: - Ethereal window, Packet 14 selected ...................................... 463 Figure 184: NAT Table tab of SM, example................................................................... 469 Figure 185: NAT DHCP Statistics tab of SM, example .................................................. 470 Figure 186: Event Log tab of SM, example ................................................................... 472 Draft 3 - for Regulatory Review LIST OF TABLES Table 1: Canopy User Guide organization scheme ......................................................... 36 Table 2: Examples of where to find information in this user guide ................................... 37 Table 3: Locations of screen captures and associated documentation ............................ 38 Table 4: Font types ......................................................................................................... 41 Table 5: Admonition types............................................................................................... 41 Table 6: Essential user guide elements for new backhaul network implementation ......... 47 Table 7: Adjustable power radios .................................................................................... 54 Table 8: Power supply descriptions ................................................................................. 57 Table 9: Recommended outdoor UTP Category 5E cables ............................................. 59 Table 10: Recommended indoor UTP Category 5E cables ............................................. 60 Table 11: Recommended antenna cables ....................................................................... 60 Table 12: Product applications per frequency band range............................................... 62 Table 13: Products with encryption options available per frequency band, PTMP links ... 63 Table 14: Typical range and throughput per frequency band, PTMP links ....................... 64 Table 15: Products with encryption options available per frequency band, PTP links ...... 65 Table 16: Typical range and throughput per frequency band, PTP links.......................... 66 Table 17: Cluster management product similarities and differences ................................ 67 Table 18: Canopy applications and tools ......................................................................... 69 Table 19: Correct placement of license keys ................................................................... 73 Table 20: CMM2 specifications and limitations ................................................................ 75 Table 21: CMMmicro specifications and limitations ......................................................... 76 Table 22: Canopy model numbers (part numbers) for AES and DES encryption modules80 Table 23: Canopy model numbers (part numbers) for proprietary encryption modules .... 81 Table 24: Labels and locations of model (part) numbers and ESNs ................................ 81 Table 25: Characteristics of hardware scheduling ........................................................... 91 Table 26: Effect of 2X operation on throughput for the SM .............................................. 92 Table 27: Effects of network conditions on PTMP throughput........................................ 100 Table 28: Comparison of SM products with Canopy Advantage AP .............................. 100 Table 29: Canopy features ............................................................................................ 107 Table 30: Demonstration Kit part numbers .................................................................... 121 Table 31: Starter Kit part numbers ................................................................................ 124 Table 32: Modules with DFS, by Region ....................................................................... 133 Table 33: Signal quality levels indicated by jitter ........................................................... 134 Table 34: Recommended courses of action based on Efficiency in 2X operation .......... 135 Table 35: Example 900-MHz channel assignment by sector ......................................... 140 Table 36: Example 2.4-GHz channel assignment by sector .......................................... 140 Table 37: Example 5.2-GHz channel assignment by sector .......................................... 140 Table 38: Example 5.4-GHz channel assignment by sector .......................................... 141 Table 39: Example 5.7-GHz channel assignment by sector .......................................... 141 Table 40: VLAN filters in point-to-multipoint modules .................................................... 166 Table 41: Exposure separation distances...................................................................... 169 Table 42: Calculated distances and power compliance margins.................................... 170 Table 43: Statistical incidence of current from lightning strikes...................................... 172 Table 44: LEDs in AP and BHM .................................................................................... 179 Table 45: LEDs in SM and BHS .................................................................................... 179 Table 46: Port Configuration selections for CMMmicro.................................................. 226 Table 47: When changes become effective in CMMmicro ............................................. 230 Table 48: Control slot settings for all APs in cluster....................................................... 243 Table 49: Recommended combined settings for typical operations ............................... 293 Table 50: Where feature values are obtained for an SM with authentication required ... 293 Table 51: Where feature values are obtained for an SM with authentication disabled ... 294 Table 52: Total gain per antenna................................................................................... 327 Table 53: Patch antenna and reflector gain ................................................................... 327 Table 54: Transmitter output power settings, example cases ........................................ 329 Table 55: Wire size for CMMmicro power runs of longer than 9 feet (2.8 m) ................. 344 Table 56: Hardware series by MAC address ................................................................. 367 Table 57: Hardware series differences .......................................................................... 367 Table 58: AP/BH compatibility with CMMmicro.............................................................. 368 Table 59: Ports filtered per protocol selections .............................................................. 380 Table 60: Example times to download for arbitrary tiers of service with Canopy AP ...... 384 Table 61: Example times to download for arbitrary tiers of service with Advantage AP . 385 Table 62: Categories of MIB-II objects .......................................................................... 389 Table 63: Canopy Enterprise MIB objects for APs, SMs, and BHs ................................ 391 Table 64: Canopy Enterprise MIB objects for APs and BH timing masters .................... 394 Table 65: Canopy Enterprise MIB objects for SMs and BH timing slaves ...................... 398 Draft 3 - for Regulatory Review Table 66: Canopy Enterprise MIB objects for CMMmicros ............................................ 401 Table 67: Canopy OFDM BH module MIB objects......................................................... 404 Table 68: Event Log messages for abnormal events..................................................... 414 Table 69: Event Log messages for normal events......................................................... 414 Table 70: Basic site information for technical support.................................................... 478 Table 71: Supported telnet commands for module administration ................................. 487 Table 72: US FCC IDs and Industry Canada certification numbers ............................... 490 LIST OF PROCEDURES Procedure 1: Modifying a fixed license key for a module IP address ............................. 114 Procedure 2: Analyzing the spectrum............................................................................ 131 Procedure 3: Invoking the low power mode................................................................... 152 Procedure 4: Wrapping the cable .................................................................................. 175 Procedure 5: Setting up the AP for Quick Start ............................................................. 184 Procedure 6: Bypassing proxy settings to access module web pages ........................... 185 Procedure 7: Using Quick Start to configure a standalone AP for test ........................... 187 Procedure 8: Setting up the SM for test......................................................................... 192 Procedure 9: Retrying to establish a point-to-multipoint link .......................................... 193 Procedure 10: Verifying and recording information from SMs........................................ 200 Procedure 11: Verifying and recording information from the AP .................................... 203 Procedure 12: Setting up the BH for Quick Start ........................................................... 204 Procedure 13: Using Quick Start to configure the BHs for test ...................................... 206 Procedure 14: Setting up the BHS for test..................................................................... 208 Procedure 15: Verifying and recording information from the BHS.................................. 212 Procedure 16: Verifying and recording information from the BHM ................................. 215 Procedure 17: Setting up a CMMmicro.......................................................................... 217 Procedure 18: Setting CMMmicro parameters for test................................................... 225 Procedure 19: Installing the AP ..................................................................................... 334 Procedure 20: Mounting the GPS antenna .................................................................... 336 Procedure 21: Mounting the CMM2............................................................................... 338 Procedure 22: Cabling the CMM2 ................................................................................. 339 Procedure 23: Verifying CMM2 connections.................................................................. 342 Procedure 24: Mounting the CMMmicro ........................................................................ 343 Procedure 25: Installing the Power Supply for the CMMmicro ....................................... 344 Procedure 26: Cabling the CMMmicro........................................................................... 344 Procedure 27: Verifying CMMmicro connections ........................................................... 345 Procedure 28: Installing the SM .................................................................................... 346 Procedure 29: Verifying performance for an AP-SM link ............................................... 349 Procedure 30: Installing the BHM .................................................................................. 354 Procedure 31: Installing the BHS .................................................................................. 356 Draft 3 - for Regulatory Review Procedure 32: Verifying performance for a BH link........................................................ 357 Procedure 33: Verifying system functionality ................................................................. 361 Procedure 34: Using the Spectrum Analyzer in AP feature ........................................... 366 Procedure 35: Extending network sync ......................................................................... 369 Procedure 36: Fabricating an override plug................................................................... 376 Procedure 37: Regaining access to a module ............................................................... 376 Procedure 38: Using the override switch to regain access to CMMmicro ...................... 377 Procedure 39: Installing the Canopy Enterprise MIB files .............................................. 390 Procedure 40: Performing a Link Capacity Test ............................................................ 435 Procedure 41: Using the Frame Calculator.................................................................... 443 Procedure 42: Replacing the Canopy logo on the GUI with another logo ...................... 449 Procedure 43: Changing the URL of the logo hyperlink ................................................. 451 Procedure 44: Returning a module to its original logo and hyperlink ............................. 452 Procedure 45: Denying all remote access ..................................................................... 453 Procedure 46: Reinstating remote access capability ..................................................... 453 Procedure 47: Setting up a protocol analyzer................................................................ 458 Procedure 48: Troubleshooting loss of connectivity....................................................... 467 Procedure 49: Troubleshooting loss of connectivity for NAT/DHCP-configured SM....... 468 Procedure 50: Troubleshooting SM failing to register to an AP...................................... 470 Procedure 51: Troubleshooting BHS failing to register to a BHM .................................. 471 Procedure 52: Troubleshooting loss of sync.................................................................. 472 Procedure 53: Troubleshooting loss of Ethernet connectivity ........................................ 473 Procedure 54: Troubleshooting failure to power up ....................................................... 474 Procedure 55: Troubleshooting failure of power supply to produce power..................... 474 Procedure 56: Troubleshooting CMM2 that malfunctions .............................................. 475 Procedure 57: Troubleshooting CMM2 not passing sync............................................... 475 Procedure 58: Troubleshooting an unsuccessful software upgrade............................... 476 Procedure 59: Restoring the web interface to a module ................................................ 476 Release 8 Guide To This User Guide G UIDE T O T HIS U SER G UIDE Issue 2, December 2006 Draft 2 for Regulatory Review 31 Release 8 1.1 Guide To This User Guide NEW IN THIS ISSUE NEW PRODUCTS AND FEATURES DESCRIBED IN ISSUE 2 ◦ 1.2 Connectorized 5.7 GHz modules with FCC approval NEW DESCRIPTIONS AND REVISIONS IN ISSUE 2 This section is a placeholder where other new descriptions, as wells as clarifications and corrections, will be listed in future issues. 1.3 MOTOwi4 PORTFOLIO Motorola has introduced the broad MOTOwi4™ portfolio of fixed, nomadic, and mobile ® wireless broadband solutions, among which Canopy products are significant. The MOTOwi4 portfolio meets residential and enterprise data transport needs with the following present and future solutions: ◦ residential access fixed solutions − Canopy Access Point and Subscriber Modules in the following frequency band ranges: ◦ ◦ − ◦ ◦ 5.1 GHz 5.2 GHz ◦ ◦ 5.4 GHz 5.7 GHz WiMAX fixed and mobile solutions, based on the 802.16e (WiMAX) standard, in the following frequency band ranges: ◦ 2.3 GHz ◦ 2.5 GHz 3.5 GHz ◦ Metro WiFi local area mesh network solutions, based on the 802.11 standard ◦ backhaul solutions, based on the 802.16e (WiMAX) standard or Canopy protocols, in the following frequency band ranges: − − 1.4 900 MHz 2.4 GHz 2.4 GHz 5.2 GHz − − 5.4 GHz 5.7 GHz PRODUCTS COVERED BY THIS USER GUIDE Most Canopy products are covered by this user guide: ◦ radio-networked modules in the following frequency band ranges: − 900 MHz − 5.2 GHz − 2.4 GHz − 5.4 GHz − 5.1 GHz − 5.7 GHz ◦ Cluster Management Module-2 (CMM2) ◦ Cluster Management Module micro (CMMmicro) ◦ Surge Suppressor Issue 2, December 2006 Draft 2 for Regulatory Review 33 Guide To This User Guide 1.5 Release 8 PRODUCTS NOT COVERED BY THIS USER GUIDE Some specific-use Canopy products are referred to in this user guide but fully described in their own separate user guides: 1.6 ◦ 30-Mbps Backhaul Module. See Canopy 30 Mbps 60 Mbps Backhaul User Guide and Motorola Canopy OFDM Backhaul Quick Start Guide. ◦ 30/60-Mbps Backhaul Module. See Canopy 30 Mbps 60 Mbps Backhaul User Guide and Motorola Canopy OFDM Backhaul Quick Start Guide for (30/60 Mbps). ◦ 150/300-Mbps Backhaul Module. See Canopy 150 Mbps 300 Mbps Backhaul User Guide and Motorola Canopy OFDM Backhaul Quick Start Guide (for 150/300 Mbps). ◦ MOTOwi4 Ultra Light Access Point (ULAP) and Ultra Light Outdoor Subscriber Unit (OSU). See Canopy 3500 System User Guide. ◦ Bandwidth and Authentication Manager. See Canopy Bandwidth and Authentication Manager (BAM) Release 2.1 User Guide (or Canopy Bandwidth and Authentication Manager (BAM) User Guide for earlier releases). ◦ License Manager. See Canopy Networks License Manager User Guide. ◦ Prizm. See Motorola Canopy Prizm User Guide. ◦ T1/E1 Multiplexer. See Canopy T1/E1 Multiplexer User Guide. SOFTWARE COMPATIBILITY DESCRIBED IN THIS USER GUIDE The following sections of this document provide details and caveats about the compatibility of Canopy products: 34 ◦ Designations for Hardware on Page 367 ◦ CMMmicro Software and Hardware Compatibility on Page 368 ◦ MIB File Set Compatibility on Page 368 Draft 2 for Regulatory Review Issue 2, December 2006 Release 8 Guide To This User Guide USING THIS USER GUIDE This document should be used with Canopy features through Software Release 8 and CMMmicro Release 2.1.1. The audience for this document includes system operators, network administrators, and equipment installers. 2.1 2.1.1 FINDING THE INFORMATION YOU NEED Becoming Familiar with This User Guide This is a guide to the guide. A high-level overview of the guide and some examples of where to look provide insight into how information is arranged and labeled. The Table of Contents provides not only a sequential index of topics but also a visual glance at the organization of topics in this guide. A few minutes spent with the Table of Contents in either the paper or the electronic version of this guide can save much more time in finding information now and in the future. The List of Procedures may be especially useful in the paper version of this guide, particularly where you mark those procedures that you wish to frequently see. In contrast, the List of Figures and List of Tables are most useful for automated searches on key words in the electronic version of this guide. If a match is present, the match is the first instance that the search finds. Issue 2, December 2006 Draft 2 for Regulatory Review 35 Guide To This User Guide Release 8 Quick Reference The Canopy User Guide comprises six sections, as described in Table 1. Table 1: Canopy User Guide organization scheme Section Guide to This User Guide (this section) Overview of Canopy Networks Planning Guide Purpose Identifies ◦ products covered by this user guide. ◦ products covered by their own separate user guides. ◦ how this user guide is organized. ◦ ◦ where to find module web pages and parameter descriptions. what the various typefaces and admonitions indicate. ◦ how to contact Canopy. Provides ◦ references to RF and networking theory. ◦ a list of sections to see if you are building only a backhaul network. ◦ overviews and comparisons of Canopy products and how they communicate. ◦ descriptions of data handling and synchronization. ◦ a review of Canopy optional features. ◦ resources for developing familiarity and proficiencies with Canopy networks. Provides essential information for ◦ evaluating an area for a Canopy network. ◦ Installation and Configuration Guide Provides systematic approaches for ◦ avoiding hazards from RF and natural causes. ◦ Operations Guide Reference Information Glossary 36 specifying the IP addresses and frequency band ranges to use for each type of link. testing, storing, and deploying Canopy equipment. Provides guidance for ◦ expanding network coverage. ◦ improving the security of Canopy wireless links. ◦ distributing bandwidth resources. ◦ monitoring and changing variables through SNMP. Provides supplemental information such as ◦ ◦ authorizations, approvals, and notices. a bibliography of adjunctive information sources. ◦ a history of changes in Canopy documentation. Defines terms and concepts that are used in this user guide. Draft 2 for Regulatory Review Issue 2, December 2006 Release 8 Guide To This User Guide Examples A list of common tasks and references to information that supports each task is provided in Table 2. Table 2: Examples of where to find information in this user guide If you want to know… what the Spectrum Analyzer in SM and BHS feature does then see… because… Avoiding Self Interference on Page 151 this topic is important to RF planning. Monitoring the RF Environment on Page 365 this topic is also important to managing the network. what types of slots compose the Canopy frame Understanding Bandwidth Management on Page 83 this information is helpful for understanding Canopy networks. how to calculate whether an object will interfere with a signal Noting Possible Obstructions in the Fresnel Zone on Page 132 this topic is important to RF planning. how long a cable you can use from the GPS antenna to the CMM Cables on Page 35 cables are accessory components. Procedure 20 on Page 336 or Procedure 24 on Page 343 the advisory applies to mounting GPS antennas and CMMs. how to react to a WatchDog Event Log message Messages that Flag Abnormal Events on Page 414 and Messages that Flag Normal Events on Page 414 together, these two sections document all significant Event Log messages. what beam angle the passive reflector dish produces Specifications and Limitations on Page 73, the beam angle is a specification. then downward to a table for a Canopy Part Number that includes “RF.” how to aim the passive reflector dish Installing a Reflector Dish on Page 352 aiming is associated with Backhaul Module installation. how to set Differentiated Services values so that traffic with original ToS byte formatting continues to be prioritized as it was before DSCP fields. High-priority Bandwidth DSCP fields specify the level of priority that the device is requesting for the packet. Issue 2, December 2006 on Page 88 Draft 2 for Regulatory Review 37 Guide To This User Guide 2.1.2 Release 8 Searching This User Guide To search this document and the software release notes of supported releases, look in ® the Table of Contents for the topic and in the Adobe Reader search capability for keywords that apply. These searches are most effective when you begin the search from the cover page because the first matches may be in titles of sections, figures, tables, or procedures. 2.1.3 Finding Parameter and Field Definitions for Module Web Pages Because this user guide is sequentially arranged to support tasks, and various tasks require different settings and readings, parameter and field definitions are scattered according to the tasks that they support. The locations of these are provided in Table 3. Table 3: Locations of screen captures and associated documentation Tab or Web Page Displayed 38 Page Add User tab of SM, example 375 Alignment tab of BHS, example 431 AP Evaluation tab of SM, example 437 BER Results tab of SM, example 446 Bridging Table tab of AP, example 418 Calculated Frame Results section of Frame Calculator tab, example 444 Configuration page of CMMmicro, example 224 DiffServe tab of AP, example 256 DiffServe tab of BHM, example 308 DiffServe tab of BHS, example 324 DiffServe tab of SM, example 287 Ethernet tab of AP, example 420 Event Log tab data, example 413 Event Log tab of SM, example 472 Frame Calculator tab, example 441 General Status tab of AP, example 201 General Status tab of BHM, example 213 General Status tab of BHS, example 210 General Status tab of SM, example 198 General Status tab view for GUEST-level account 374 General tab of AP, example 236 General tab of BHM, example 295 General tab of BHS, example 312 Reader is a registered trademark of Adobe Systems, Incorporated. Draft 2 for Regulatory Review Issue 2, December 2006 Release 8 Guide To This User Guide Tab or Web Page Displayed Page General tab of SM, example 260 GPS Status page of CMMmicro, example 231 IP tab of AP, example 239 IP tab of BHM, example 298 IP tab of BHS, example 315 IP tab of SM with NAT disabled and local accessibility 458 IP tab of SM with NAT disabled, example 266 IP tab of SM with NAT enabled, example 272 LAN IP Address tab of AP, example 189 Link Capacity Test tab with 1522-byte packet length, example 434 Link Capacity Test tab with 64-byte packet length, example 435 NAT DHCP Statistics tab of SM, example 470 NAT Port Mapping tab of SM, example 290 NAT tab of SM with NAT disabled, example 263 NAT tab of SM with NAT enabled, example 268 NAT Table tab of SM, example 469 PDA Aim tab of SM, example 334 PDA AP Evaluation tab of SM, example 334 PDA Information tab of SM, example 333 PDA Quick Status tab, example 332 PDA Spectrum Analyzer tab of SM, example 332 PDA Spectrum Results tab of SM, example 333 Port MIB page of CMMmicro, example 232 Protocol Filtering tab of SM, example 289 Quality of Service (QoS) tab of AP, example 249 Quality of Service (QoS) tab of BHS, example 321 Quality of Service (QoS) tab of SM, example 279 Quick Start tab of AP, example 186 Quick Start tab of BHM, example 205 Radio Frequency Carrier tab of AP, example 187 Radio tab of AP (900 MHz), example 241 Radio tab of BHM, example 300 Radio tab of BHS, example 317 Radio tab of SM, example 273 Issue 2, December 2006 Draft 2 for Regulatory Review 39 Guide To This User Guide Release 8 Tab or Web Page Displayed 40 Page Remote Subscribers tab of AP, example 197 Remote Subscribers tab of BHM, example 209 Review and Save Configuration tab of AP, example 190 Scheduler tab of SM, example 416 Security tab of AP, example 251 Security tab of BHM, example 306 Security tab of BHS, example 322 Security tab of SM, example 282 Session Status tab data from AP, example 193 Session Status tab data, example 411 SM Configuration tab of AP, example 445 SM Registration Failures tab of AP, example 417 SNMP tab of AP, example 246 SNMP tab of BHM, example 303 SNMP tab of BHS, example 319 SNMP tab of SM, example 276 Spectrum Analyzer tab of SM, example 366 Status page of CMMmicro, example 221 Synchronization tab of AP, example 188 Time tab of AP, example 191 Time tab of BHM, example 207 Unit Settings tab of AP, example 258 Unit Settings tab of BHM, example 310 Unit Settings tab of BHS, example 325 Unit Settings tab of SM, example 291 VLAN Membership tab of AP, example 255 VLAN Membership tab of SM, example 286 VLAN tab of AP, example 253 VLAN tab of SM, example 284 Draft 2 for Regulatory Review Issue 2, December 2006 Release 8 2.2 Guide To This User Guide INTERPRETING TYPEFACE AND OTHER CONVENTIONS This document employs distinctive fonts to indicate the type of information, as described in Table 4. Table 4: Font types Font Type of Information variable width bold Selectable option in a graphical user interface or settable parameter in the web-based interface to a Canopy component. constant width regular Literal system response in a command-line interface. constant width italic Variable system response in a command-line interface. constant width bold Literal user input in a command-line interface. constant width bold italic Variable user input in a command-line interface. This document employs specific imperative terminology as follows: ◦ Type means press the following characters. ◦ Enter means type the following characters and then press Enter. This document also employs a set of consistently used admonitions. Each of these types of admonitions has a general purpose that underlies the specific information in the box. These purposes are indicated in Table 5. Table 5: Admonition types Admonition Label General Message NOTE: informative content that may ◦ defy common or cursory logic. ◦ describe a peculiarity of the Canopy implementation. ◦ add a conditional caveat. ◦ provide a reference. ◦ explain the reason for a preceding statement or provide prerequisite background for what immediately follows. RECOMMENDATION: suggestion for an easier, quicker, or safer action or practice. Issue 2, December 2006 Draft 2 for Regulatory Review 41 Guide To This User Guide Release 8 Admonition Label General Message IMPORTANT! informative content that may ◦ identify an indication that you should watch for. ◦ advise that your action can disturb something that you may not want disturbed. ◦ reiterate something that you presumably know but should always remember. CAUTION! a notice that the risk of harm to equipment or service exists. WARNING! a notice that the risk of harm to person exists. 2.3 GETTING ADDITIONAL HELP Help is available for problems with supported products and features. Obtaining Technical Support on Page 477 provides the sequence of actions that you should take if these problems arise. 2.4 SENDING FEEDBACK We welcome your feedback on Canopy system documentation. This includes feedback on the structure, content, accuracy, or completeness of our documents, and any other comments you have. Send your comments to technical-documentation@canopywireless.com. 42 Draft 2 for Regulatory Review Issue 2, December 2006 Release 8 Overview of Canopy Networks O VERVIEW OF C ANOPY N ETWORKS Issue 2, December 2006 Draft 2 for Regulatory Review 43 Release 8 Overview of Canopy Networks ADVANCING FROM RESEARCH TO IMPLEMENTATION Before you begin to research a possible Canopy implementation, you should have both ◦ ◦ basic knowledge of RF theory. See − Understanding RF Fundamentals on Page 117. − Engineering Your RF Communications on Page 129. network experience. See − Canopy Link Characteristics on Page 83. − Understanding IP Fundamentals on Page 117. − Engineering Your IP Communications on Page 155. Issue 2, December 2006 Draft 2 for Regulatory Review 45 Release 8 Overview of Canopy Networks REALIZING A WIRELESS BACKHAUL NETWORK Canopy backhaul modules (BHs) can connect Canopy access point clusters to the point of presence or be the backbone of a Metro WiFi mesh network. In other applications, the backhaul modules can be used to provide connectivity for ◦ cell sites, in lieu of leased T1/E1 telecommunications lines. ◦ buildings in corporate or institutional campuses. ◦ remote sites, including temporary sites set up for relief efforts. These BHs are available in 10- or 20-Mbps modulation rates from the factory. The rate is distinguished as BH10 or BH20 in the Software Version field of the General Status tab (in the Home page) of the module GUI. For these and any other backhaul networks, Table 6 provides a quick reference to information that you would need to establish and maintain the Canopy wireless backhaul network. Table 6: Essential user guide elements for new backhaul network implementation Element Title Page Section 1.5 Products Not Covered by This User Guide 34 Section 5.1.8 Backhaul Module 51 Section 5.1.9 OFDM Series Backhaul Module 52 Section 5.1.10 Power Indoor Units for OFDM Series Backhaul Modules 53 Section 5.1.12 T1/E1 Multiplexer 54 Section 5.1.13 Cluster Management Module-2 (Part 1008CK-2) 55 Section 5.1.14 Cluster Management Module micro (Part 1070CK) 56 Table 15 Products with encryption options available per frequency band, PTP links 65 Table 16 Typical range and throughput per frequency band, PTP links 66 Section 8.2 BH-BH Links 99 Figure 36 Typical multiple-BH network layout 104 Section 12.2 Analyzing the RF Environment 131 Section 12.5 Considering Frequency Band 136 Section 15 Avoiding Hazards 169 Section 16.4 Configuring a Point-to-Point Link for Test 204 Section 17 Preparing Components for Deployment 233 Section 18.4 Configuring a BH Timing Master for the Destination 294 Section 18.5 Configuring a BH Timing Slave for the Destination 312 Section 19.4 Installing a GPS Antenna 336 Section 19.5 Installing a CMM2 337 Section 19.6 Installing a CMMmicro 342 Issue 2, December 2006 Draft 2 for Regulatory Review 47 Overview of Canopy Networks 48 Release 8 Section 19.9 Installing a Reflector Dish 352 Section 19.10 Installing a BH Timing Master 354 Section 19.11 Installing a BH Timing Slave 356 Section 19.13 Verifying a BH Link 357 Section 21.2.2 CMMmicro Software and Hardware Compatibility 368 Section 22.2 Encrypting Canopy Radio Transmissions 371 Section 22.3 Managing Module Access 373 Section 24.6 Objects Supported in the Canopy 30/60-Mbps BH 405 Section 24.7 Objects Supported in the Canopy 150/300-Mbps BH 405 Section 24.10 Traps Provided in the Canopy 30/60-Mbps BH Module MIB 406 Section 24.11 Traps Provided in the Canopy 150/300-Mbps BH Module MIB 406 Section 25 Using the Canopy Network Updater Tool (CNUT) 409 Section 28.3 Typical Contents of Release Notes 447 Section 28.4 Typical Upgrade Process 447 Section 31.2 Analyzing Traffic at an AP or BH with No CMM 456 Section 31.3 Analyzing Traffic at an AP or BH with a CMM 456 Section 32 Troubleshooting 465 Section 33 Obtaining Technical Support 477 Section 34 Getting Warranty 483 Draft 2 for Regulatory Review Issue 2, December 2006 Release 8 Overview of Canopy Networks EXPLORING THE SCOPE OF SOLUTIONS Canopy wireless broadband applications include: 5.1 ◦ local area network (LAN) extensions ◦ Internet subscriber service ◦ high-bandwidth point-to-point connections ◦ multicast video (for instruction or training, for example) ◦ private branch exchange (PBX) extensions ◦ point-to-multipoint data backhaul ◦ redundant network backup ◦ video surveillance ◦ voice over IP (VoIP) ◦ TDM over Ethernet (for legacy voice and data) COMPONENTS Canopy networks use some or all of the following components. For the components that provide a graphical user interface (GUI), access to the GUI is through a web browser. In Release 8 and later, cascading style sheets (CSS) configure the GUI. Thus an operator is able to customize the GUI by editing these style sheets. 5.1.1 Canopy Access Point Module The Canopy Access Point (AP) module distributes network or Internet services in a 60° sector to not more than 200 subscribers or fewer and 4,096 MAC addresses, which may be directly-connected PCs, IP appliances, gateways, Subscriber Modules (SMs), and the AP, except that no limit applies behind subscriber network address translation (NAT) gateways. The AP is configurable through a web interface. A Canopy AP can communicate with only a Canopy SM, not also an Advantage SM or a Canopy Lite SM. 5.1.2 Advantage Access Point Module The Canopy Advantage AP distributes services as broadly as the Canopy AP. However, the Advantage AP provides greater throughput and less latency. Each tab in the GUI for Canopy Advantage modules displays the distinctive branding shown in Figure 1. Figure 1: Canopy Advantage Platform GUI logo The Advantage AP communicates with all Canopy SMs in its frequency band range: Canopy SMs, Advantage SMs, and Canopy Lite SMs. Issue 2, December 2006 Draft 2 for Regulatory Review 49 Overview of Canopy Networks 5.1.3 Release 8 Access Point Cluster The AP cluster consists of two to six APs that together distribute network or Internet services to a community of 1,200 or fewer subscribers. Each AP transmits and receives in a 60° sector. An AP cluster covers as much as 360°. The variety of available APs and Advantage APs in frequency band range, power adjustability, and antenna configuration is shown under Acquiring a Canopy Demonstration Kit, beginning on Page 117. An AP cluster is pictured in Figure 2. Figure 2: Pole-mounted AP cluster 5.1.4 Canopy Subscriber Module The Subscriber Module (SM) is a customer premises equipment (CPE) device that extends network or Internet services by communication with an AP. The SM is configurable through a web interface. The variety of available SMs and Advantage SMs in frequency band range, power adjustability, and antenna configuration is shown under Acquiring a Canopy Demonstration Kit, beginning on Page 117. A Canopy SM can communicate with either a Canopy AP or an Advantage SP. An SM mounted directly to a structure is pictured in Figure 3. 5.1.5 Figure 3: Structure-mounted SM Advantage Subscriber Module The Canopy Advantage SM provides the same configurability and services as the Canopy SM. However, in a link with the Advantage AP, the Advantage SM provides uncapped sustained throughput through the 2X operation feature. See 2X Operation on Page 91. An Advantage SM can communicate with only an Advantage AP. 5.1.6 Canopy Lite Subscriber Module Canopy Lite SMs cost less and provide less throughput than regular Canopy SMs. They support the same radio frequencies, interference tolerance, and product reliability. They give operators the additional option to serve cost-sensitive customers who want standard services (web browsing, email, VoIP, and downloads), but do not require the higher throughput that is available with a regular Canopy SM. Canopy Lite SMs support an aggregate(uplink plus downlink) throughput of 512 kbps. Through purchased floating licenses that Prizm manages, they are upgradeable to 1, 2, 4, or 7 Mbps aggregate throughput. A Canopy Lite SM can communicate with only a Canopy Advantage AP. A comparison of the Canopy Lite SM to the Canopy SM and Advantage SM is provided in Table 28 on Page 100. 50 Draft 2 for Regulatory Review Issue 2, December 2006 Release 8 5.1.7 Overview of Canopy Networks 900-MHz AP and SM Canopy 900 MHz AP and SM modules operate at 3.3 Mbps (compared to 10 Mbps for other Canopy frequency bands). With Downlink Data set to 75% in the AP, the AP supports high throughput to an SM. Figure 4: Examples of flat panel antennas with 900-MHz modules These 900-MHz modules run the same software and provide the same parameters, network features, and connections as all other Canopy APs and SMs. The physics of longer-wavelength 900 MHz, the power allowed by regulatory authorities, and the low required level of Canopy Carrier-to-Interference (C/I) ratio combine to support ◦ line of sight (LOS) range of up to 40 miles (over 64 km) ◦ increased non-line of sight (NLOS) range, depending on RF considerations such as foliage, topography, and obstructions. When collocated with a Canopy SM of another frequency band range, the 900-MHz AP may serve, without a tower or BH, as a remote AP (see Deploying a Remote AP on Page 147). 900-MHz AP/SM links are logical choices for extending radio networks where you wish to ◦ add subscriber-handling capacity to a tower that is either − fully used in the other frequency band ranges. − not available to any other frequency band range. ◦ reach sparsely populated areas. ◦ penetrate foliage. ◦ add a remote AP behind an SM that operates in another frequency band range. Issue 2, December 2006 Draft 2 for Regulatory Review 51 Overview of Canopy Networks 5.1.8 Release 8 Backhaul Module A pair of Backhaul Modules (BHs) provide point-to-point connectivity as either ◦ a standalone link ◦ a link through a cluster management module to an AP cluster. You must configure a BH as either a timing master (BHM) or timing slave (BHS). The BHM provides synchronization signal (sync) to the BHS. A BH mounted to a passive reflector dish is pictured in Figure 5. Carrier applications for these modules include reaching remote AP clusters, interconnecting campus buildings or remote branch offices, extending private branch exchange (PBX) circuits, backhauling cell sites, and extending central office T1s/E1s. Figure 5: Dish-mounted 10- or 20-Mbps BH These BHs are supported by this user guide. See Realizing a Wireless Backhaul Network on Page 47. 5.1.9 OFDM Series Backhaul Modules These high-speed BHs provide point-to-point data connectivity via a 5.4- or 5.7-GHz wireless Ethernet bridge that operates at broadband data rates. They provide non-Line of Sight (NLOS) operation through the use of Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplex (OFDM) modulation and Transmit Diversity. Transmissions penetrate foliage, such that almost universal coverage is typical at short range. The link consists of a pair of identical BHs that transmit and receive on an automatically selected but configurable frequency. The installer sets up one unit as the master and the other as the slave. (Each unit is preconfigured as master or slave but can be reconfigured to the other.) These modules are available as either connectorized for an external antenna or equipped with an integrated antenna. Each end of the link consists of both ◦ an outdoor transceiver (ODU) that contains all the radio and networking electronics (see Figure 6 and Figure 7) ◦ an indoor passive connection box (PIDU) that contains status indicators and network connection (see Figure 8 and Figure 9. Figure 6: 30/60- or 150/300-Mbps Backhaul Module, integrated antenna Available modulations are 30/60 Mbps and 150/300 Mbps. A 30-Mbps BH is software52 Draft 2 for Regulatory Review Issue 2, December 2006 Release 8 Overview of Canopy Networks upgradable to 60 Mbps, and a 150-Mbps BH is likewise software-upgradable to 300 Mbps. Products in this series are supported by dedicated user guides. By default, these BHs use a proprietary data scrambling and encryption scheme. The 30/60Mbps BHs have AES encryption available as a licensed option. The 150/300-Mbps BHs support virtual private networking (VPN). Carrier applications for these modules include reaching remote AP clusters, interconnecting campus buildings or remote branch offices, extending private branch exchange (PBX) circuits, backhauling cell sites, and extending central office T1s/E1s. (OFDM Series BHs were previously available in 45-Mbps modulation, which can be upgraded to 60 Mbps by software.) Figure 7: 30/60- or 150/300-Mbps Backhaul Module, connected to external antenna 5.1.10 Power Indoor Units for OFDM Series Backhaul Modules Canopy also offers the required power indoor unit (PIDU) that generates the voltage for the 30/60- or 150/300-Mbps BHs. The PIDU provides status indicators for the ODU. Examples of these PIDUs are shown in Figure 8 and Figure 9. CAUTION! Figure 8: PIDU for 30/60-Mbps BH The PIDU for the 30/60-Mbps BH and the PIDU for the 150/300-Mbps BH are clearly distinguished by their front labels. These units are unique and are not interchangeable under any circumstances. Their pinouts vary. Using any power unit other than the proper one of these two will destroy the module. Figure 9: PIDU for 150/300-Mbps BH Issue 2, December 2006 Draft 2 for Regulatory Review 53 Overview of Canopy Networks 5.1.11 Release 8 Radio Adjustable Power Capabilities To help network operators become or remain compliant with applicable regulations in their regions and nations, Canopy offers adjustable power radios in various frequency band ranges, as indicated in Table 7. See also Adjusting Transmitter Output Power on Page 326 to ensure that your radios do not exceed the maximum permitted EIRP. Table 7: Adjustable power radios Frequency Band Range 900 MHz Introduced in Canopy System Release 7.0 2.4 GHz 4.2.7 5.4 GHz 4.2.7 5.7 GHz 6.1 NOTES: 5.1.12 1. As a distinct part number. 2. In the base model. T1/E1 Multiplexer The Canopy T1/E1 Multiplexer converts the data stream from T1/E1 ports into Ethernet packets that are then transported over the Canopy BH link. This enables up to three T1 (or up to two E1) circuits to be extended over Ethernet networks. The T1/E1 Multiplexer is available in two power configurations: ◦ an external 3.3-v DC power source from a 120/240-v AC adapter (supplied by Canopy) ◦ an optional connection to an external −48 v DC supply for battery backup. Figure 10: T1/E1 Multiplexer, front view The T1/E1 Multiplexer supports 54 ◦ synchronous TDM-based services over wireless Ethernet networks. ◦ CAS signaling transparent to all other signaling protocols on T1/E1. ◦ 10Base-T/100Base-TX uplink to the network. ◦ management interfaces. ◦ simplified troubleshooting through T1/E1 line loopback test. Figure 11: T1/E1 Multiplexer, rear view Draft 2 for Regulatory Review Issue 2, December 2006 Release 8 Overview of Canopy Networks Applications include ◦ obviating leased lines. ◦ implementing wireless PBX networking. ◦ establishing cellular backhaul links. ◦ providing homeland security backup or emergency voice networks. ◦ routing LAN/WAN data on excess bandwidth. This product is supported by the dedicated document Canopy T1/E1 Multiplexer User Guide. 5.1.13 Cluster Management Module-2 (Part 1008CK-2) The Cluster Management Module-2 (CMM2) provides power, GPS timing from an antenna that is included, and networking connections for an AP cluster. The CMM2 can also connect to a BH, in which case the CMM2 is the central point of connectivity for the entire site. The CMM2 can connect as many as eight collocated modules—APs, BHMs, BHSs—and an Ethernet feed. The CMM2 requires two cables for each connected module: ◦ One provides Ethernet communications and power. This cable terminates in an RJ-45 connector. ◦ The other provides synchronization (sync), GPS status, and time and date in a serial interface. This cable terminates in an RJ-11 connector. A CMM2 is pictured in Figure 12. A CMM2 as part of a mounted Canopy system is pictured in Figure 13. Figure 12: CMM2 enclosure Issue 2, December 2006 Figure 13: CMM2 pole-mounted Draft 2 for Regulatory Review 55 Overview of Canopy Networks 5.1.14 Release 8 Cluster Management Module micro (Part 1070CK) The Cluster Management Module micro (CMMmicro) provides power, GPS timing, and networking connections for an AP cluster. Unlike the CMM2, the CMMmicro is configurable through a web interface. The CMMmicro contains an 8-port managed switch that supports Power over Ethernet (PoE) on each port and connects any combination of APs, BHMs, BHSs, or Ethernet feed. The CMMmicro can auto-negotiate speed to match inputs that are either 100Base-TX or 10Base-T, and either full duplex or half duplex, where the connected device is set to auto-negotiate. Alternatively, these parameters are settable. A CMMmicro requires only one cable, terminating in an RJ-45 connector, for each connected module to distribute ◦ Ethernet signaling. ◦ power to as many as 8 collocated modules—APs, BHMs, or BHSs. Through a browser interface to the managed switch, ports can be powered or not. ◦ sync to APs and BHMs. The CMMmicro receives 1-pulse per second timing information from Global Positioning System (GPS) satellites through an antenna (included) and passes the timing pulse embedded in the 24-V power to the connected modules. GPS status information is available at the CMMmicro, however 5.1.15 ◦ CMMmicro provides time and date information to BHMs and APs if both the CMMmicro is operating on CMMmicro Release 2.1 or later and the AP/BHM is operating on Canopy System Release 4.2 or later. See Time Tab of the AP on Page 191. ◦ CMMmicro does not provide time and date information to BHMs and APs if either the CMMmicro is operating on a release earlier than CMMmicro Release 2.1 or the AP/BHM is operating on a release earlier than Canopy System Release 4.2. GPS Antenna The Motorola GPS antenna provides either ◦ timing pulses to the CMMmicro. ◦ timing pulses and positioning information to the CMM2. The GPS antenna is pictured in Figure 14. Figure 14: Motorola GPS antenna 56 Through a proprietary scheme, different from IEEE Standard 803.af. Also, BHs in the OFDM Series use yet another proprietary scheme. Draft 2 for Regulatory Review Issue 2, December 2006 Release 8 5.1.16 Overview of Canopy Networks Surge Suppressor (Part 300SS) The 300SS Surge Suppressor provides a path to ground (Protective Earth ) that protects connected equipment from near-miss lightning strikes. A 300SS is pictured in Figure 15. Figure 15: 300SS surge suppressor 5.1.17 Accessory Components In addition to the above modules, the following accessories are available. Power Supplies The various power supplies available for Canopy modules are listed in Table 8. Table 8: Power supply descriptions Part Number For Use With Voltage (AC) ACPS81WA CMMmicro ACPS81W-02A 30/60-Mbps OFDM BH 150/300-Mbps OFDM BH Includes 100 to 240 50 to 60 US IEC line cord 100 to 240 50 to 60 no IEC line cord 120 50 to 60 US plug ACPSSW-09A 90 to 240 50 to 60 US, Euro, and UK adaptors ACPSSW-10A 90 to 240 50 to 60 Argentina adaptor ACPSSW-11A 90 to 240 50 to 60 Australia adaptor ACPSSW-12A 90 to 240 50 to 60 China adaptor 100 to 250 AC or −48 DC 47 to 63 100 to 250 47 to 63 100 to 250 47 to 63 ACPS110-03A Canopy radio (except OFDM backhauls) Cycles per Second (Hz) ACPSSW200-02A ACPSSW200-01A ACPSSW200-03A US, Euro, and UK leads NOTES: 1. Pictured in Figure 16. 2. Single transceiver. 3. 4. Pictured in Figure 17. Pictured in Figure 8 on Page 53. 5. Pictured in Figure 9 on Page 53. Issue 2, December 2006 Draft 2 for Regulatory Review 57 Overview of Canopy Networks Release 8 Figure 16: ACPS110-03A power supply Figure 17: ACPSSW-09A power supply Passive Reflector Dish Assembly The 27RD Passive Reflector Dish on both ends of a BH link extends the distance range of the link and focuses the beam into a narrower angle to reduce interference. The 27RD on an SM only helps to reduce interference. The module support tube provides the proper offset focus angle. See Figure 18. For 5.n-GHz radios, the reflector gain is 18dB and the beam width is 6° at 3 dB. For 2.4-GHz radios, the reflector gain is 11dB and the beam width is 17° at 3 dB. These beam width statements apply to both azimuth and elevation in each case. 58 Figure 18: 27RD with mounted module Draft 2 for Regulatory Review Issue 2, December 2006 Release 8 Overview of Canopy Networks Module Support Brackets The SMMB1 support bracket facilitates mounting the SM to various surfaces of a structure and has slots through which chimney straps can be inserted. An SMMB1 is pictured in Figure 19. The SMMB2 is a heavy duty mounting bracket for the 900-MHz connectorized SM and its external antenna. The BH1209 is a pole-mount bracket kit for Canopy backhaul modules. Figure 19: SMMB1 SM support bracket Cables Canopy modules that are currently or recently sold can auto-sense whether the Ethernet cable is wired as straight-through or crossover. Some modules that were sold earlier cannot. The MAC address, visible on the module, distinguishes whether the module can. All CMMmicros can auto-sense the cable scheme. Where a non auto-sensing module is deployed ◦ a straight-through cable must be used for connection to a network interface card (NIC). ◦ a crossover cable must be used for connection to a hub, switch, or router. Canopy-recommended Ethernet and sync cables can be ordered in lengths up to 328 ft (100 m) from Best-Tronics Manufacturing, Inc. at http://www.best-tronics.com/motorola.htm. These cables are listed in Table 9 and Table 10. Table 9: Recommended outdoor UTP Category 5E cables Best-Tronics Part # Description BT-0562 RJ-45 TO RJ-45; straight-through Ethernet cable BT-0562S RJ-45 TO RJ-45; shielded straight-through Ethernet cable BT-0565 RJ-45 TO RJ-45; crossover Ethernet cable BT-0565S RJ-45 TO RJ-45; shielded crossover Ethernet cable BT-0563 RJ-11 TO RJ-11; sync cable BT-0563S RJ-11 TO RJ-11; shielded sync cable Issue 2, December 2006 Draft 2 for Regulatory Review 59 Overview of Canopy Networks Release 8 NOTE: Shielded cable is strongly recommended for all AP cluster and BH installations. Table 10: Recommended indoor UTP Category 5E cables Best-Tronics Part # Description BT-0596 RJ-45 TO RJ-45; straight-through Ethernet cable BT-0595 RJ-45 TO RJ-45; crossover Ethernet cable Approved Ethernet cables can also be ordered as bulk cable: ◦ CA-0287 ◦ CA-0287S (shielded) Canopy-approved antenna cables can be ordered in lengths up to 100 ft (30.4 m), as listed in Table 11. Table 11: Recommended antenna cables Best-Tronics Part # Description BT-0564 N TO N GPS antenna cable for CMM2 BT-0716 BNC TO N GPS antenna cable for CMMmicro Category 5 Cable Tester For purchase within the U.S.A., the CTCAT5-01 Cable Tester is available. Override Plug An override plug (sometimes called a default plug) is available to provide access to a module whose password and/or IP address have been forgotten. This plug allows the AP, SM, or BH to be accessed using IP address 169.254.1.1 and no password. During the override session, you can assign any new IP address and set either or both user passwords (display-only and/or full access) as well as make other parameter changes. This plug is available from Best-Tronics Manufacturing, Inc. at http://www.best-tronics.com/motorola.htm as Part BT-0583 (RJ-11 Default Plug). Alternatively if you wish, you can fabricate an override plug. For instructions, see Procedure 36 on Page 376 and the pinout in Figure 146 on Page 376. 60 Draft 2 for Regulatory Review Issue 2, December 2006 Release 8 Overview of Canopy Networks Alignment Headset The ACATHS-01 Alignment Headset facilitates the operation of precisely aiming an SM toward an AP (or a BHS toward a BHM). This device produces infinitely variable ◦ pitch, higher when the received signal is stronger. ◦ volume, louder when jitter is less. An ACATHS-01 is pictured in Figure 20. Pinouts for an alternative listening device are provided under Alignment Tone—Technical Details on Page 184. Figure 20: ACATHS-01 alignment headset Module Housing The HSG-01 Canopy Plastic Housing is available for replacement of a damaged housing on a module that is otherwise functional. The HSG-01 is pictured in Figure 21. The HSG-01 and all module housings of this design provide clearances for cable ties on the Ethernet and sync cables. RECOMMENDATION: Use 0.14” (40-lb tensile strength) cable ties to secure the Ethernet and sync cables to the cable guides on the module housing. For the Ethernet cable tie, the Ethernet cable groove is molded lower at the top edge. For the sync cable tie, removal of a breakaway plug provides clearance for the sync cable, and removal of two breakaway side plates provides clearance for the sync cable tie. 5.2 Figure 21: HSG-01 Housing FREQUENCY BAND RANGES In the 2.4-, 5.2-, 5.1-, 5.4-, and 5.7-GHz frequency band ranges, Canopy APs, SMs, and BHs are available. Additionally, in the 900-MHz frequency band range, Canopy APs and SMs are available. National restrictions may apply. See Legal and Regulatory Notices on Page 489. To avoid self-interference, a Canopy network typically uses two or more of these ranges. For example, where properly arranged, all AP clusters and their respective SMs can use the 2.4-GHz range where the BH links use the 5.7-GHz range. In this scenario, subscriber links can span as far as 5 miles (8 km) with no reflector dishes, and the BH links can span as far as 35 miles (56 km) with reflector dishes on both ends. Issue 2, December 2006 Draft 2 for Regulatory Review 61 Overview of Canopy Networks Release 8 Within this example network, wherever the 2.4-GHz module is susceptible to interference from other sources, AP clusters and their linked SMs may use the 5.2-GHz range to span as far as 2 miles (3.2 km) with no reflector dishes. The network in this example takes advantage of frequency band range-specific characteristics of Canopy modules as follows: ◦ 5.3 The 900-MHz modules cover a larger area, albeit with lower throughput, than modules of the other frequency bands. The 900-MHz modules can be used to − penetrate foliage − establish links that span greater distances − add subscribers − add overall throughput where modules of other frequency bands cannot be used (such as where interference would result or space on a tower is limited). ◦ The 2.4-GHz frequency band range supports AP/SM links of greater than 2-mile spans (with no reflectors). ◦ The 5.7-GHz frequency band range supports BH links that span as far as 35 miles. CANOPY PRODUCT COMPARISONS 5.3.1 Canopy Product Applications The product applications per frequency band range are is summarized in Table 12. Table 12: Product applications per frequency band range Product Frequency Band Range 900 MHz 2.4 GHz 5.1 GHz 5.2 GHz 5.4 GHz 5.7 GHz Access Point Module ● ● ● ● ● ● Subscriber Module ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● Subscriber Module with Reflector ● Backhaul Module ● ● ● ● ● Backhaul Module with Reflector ● ● ● ● ● ● ● OFDM Series Backhaul Module CMM2 ● ● ● ● ● ● CMMmicro ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● T1/E1 Multiplexer 62 Draft 2 for Regulatory Review Issue 2, December 2006 Release 8 Overview of Canopy Networks Product Frequency Band Range 900 MHz 2.4 GHz 5.1 GHz 5.2 GHz 5.4 GHz 5.7 GHz Power supply ● ● ● ● ● ● Surge suppressor ● ● ● ● ● ● NOTES: 1. 5.3.2 National or regional regulations may limit EIRP to the same as without a reflector, and therefore require Transmit Output Power to be reduced. See National and Regional Regulatory Notices on Page 489. In these cases ◦ the reflector used with an SM reduces beamwidth to reduce interference, but does not increase the range of the link. ◦ the reflector on both ends of a BH link reduces beamwidth to reduce interference and also increases the range of the link. Link Performance and Encryption Comparisons The encryption options on Canopy point-to-multipoint (PTMP) products are summarized in Table 13. Typical Line-of-Site (LOS) range and aggregate useful throughput for Canopy PTMP links are summarized in Table 14. Table 13: Products with encryption options available per frequency band, PTMP links Frequency Band Products available with the following encryption options DES or none AES or none 2.4 GHz @100 mW (ETSI) ● ● 2.4 GHz @ 1W ● ● 5.1 GHz ● 5.2 GHz ● ● 5.4 GHz ● ● 5.7 GHz ● ● 900 MHz ● ● Issue 2, December 2006 Draft 2 for Regulatory Review 63 Overview of Canopy Networks Release 8 Table 14: Typical range and throughput per frequency band, PTMP links Advantage AP Range Frequency Band 2.4 GHz ETSI 2.4 GHz 5.1 GHz 5.2 GHz 5.4 GHz 5.7 GHz 900 MHz no SM Reflector with SM Reflector mi (km) mi (km) 0.3 (0.5) 0.3 (0.5) Canopy AP Aggregate Throughput Mbps Roundtrip Latency msec 14 0.6 (1) 0.6 (1) 2.5 (4) 7.5 (12) 14 5 (8) 15 (24) 1 (1.6) na 14 2 (3.2) na 1 (1.6) na 14 2 (3.2) na 1 (1.6) 1 (1.6) 14 2 (3.2) 2 (3.2) 1 (1.6) 5 (8) 14 2 (3.2) 10 (16) 40 (64) na 15 Range Aggregate Throughput Mbps Roundtrip Latency msec 20 5 (8) 15 (24) 20 2 (3.2) na 20 2 (3.2) na 20 2 (3.2) 2 (3.2) 20 2 (3.2) 10 (16) 20 no SM Reflector with SM Reflector mi (km) mi (km) 0.6 (1) 0.6 (1) NOTES: 2. In Europe, 2.4-GHz ETSI and 5.4-GHz SMs can have a reflector added to focus the antenna pattern and reduce interference, but transmit output power must be reduced to maintain the same EIRP as without a reflector, so the throughput and range specs for PTMP links remain the same. 3. In the USA and Canada, the use of a reflector with a full power radio in the 5.2-GHz frequency band is not allowed. 4. These values assume a hardware series P9 AP running hardware scheduler. When running software scheduler on a series P7, P8, or P9 AP, aggregate throughput drops to 6.2 Mbps, and only 4 Mbps is available to any one SM. (Series P7 and P8 APs can only run software scheduler.) 5. All 900-MHz APs are Advantage APs. GENERAL NOTES: Range is affected by RF conditions, terrain, obstacles, buildings, and vegetation. An Advantage AP in other than 900 MHz has an aggregate (sum of uplink plus downlink) throughput or capacity of 14 Mbps, if RF conditions, range, and SM hardware version permit. An Advantage SM in other than 900 MHz has an aggregate sustained throughput of 14 Mbps if RF conditions and range permit. A regular SM can burst to 14 Mbps if RF conditions and range permit, then run at 7 Mbps sustained throughput. The encryption options on Canopy point-to-point (PTP) products are summarized in Table 15. Typical Line-of-Site (LOS) range and aggregate useful throughput for Canopy PTP links are summarized in Table 16. 64 Draft 2 for Regulatory Review Issue 2, December 2006 Release 8 Overview of Canopy Networks Table 15: Products with encryption options available per frequency band, PTP links Frequency Band 2.4 GHz @100 mW (ETSI) 2.4 GHz @ 1W 5.1 GHz 5.2 GHz 5.2 GHz ER 5.4 GHz Modulation Rate (Mbps) Products available with the following encryption options DES or none AES or none 10 ● ● 20 ● ● 10 ● ● 20 ● ● 10 ● 20 ● 10 ● ● 20 ● ● 10 ● ● 20 ● ● 10 ● ● 20 ● ● Proprietary 30 60 ● 150 300 5.7 GHz ● 10 ● ● 20 ● ● 30 60 ● 150 300 Issue 2, December 2006 Proprietary or AES licensed upgrade ● Draft 2 for Regulatory Review 65 Overview of Canopy Networks Release 8 Table 16: Typical range and throughput per frequency band, PTP links Frequency Band 2.4 GHz @100 mW (ETSI) 2.4 GHz @ 1W 5.1 GHz 5.2 GHz 5.2 GHz ER 5.4 GHz 5.7 GHz Modulation Rate (Mbps) Throughput No Reflectors Both Reflectors 10 7.5 Mbps to 2 km 7.5 Mbps to 16 km 20 14 Mbps to 1 km 14 Mbps to 8 km 10 7.5 Mbps to 5 mi (8 km) 7.5 Mbps to 35 mi (56 km) 20 14 Mbps to 3 mi (5 km) 14 Mbps to 35 mi (56 km) 10 7.5 Mbps to 2 mi (3.2 km) 20 14 Mbps to 2 mi (3.2 km) 10 7.5 Mbps to 2 mi (3.2 km) 20 10 7.5 Mbps to 10 mi (16 km) 20 14 Mbps to 5 mi (8 km) 10 7.5 Mbps to 2 mi (3.2 km) 7.5 Mbps to 10 mi (16 km) 20 14 Mbps to 1 mi (1.6 km) 14 Mbps to 5 mi (8 km) 30 dynamically variable from 1.5 to 21 Mbps aggregate 60 dynamically variable from 3 to 43 Mbps aggregate 150 dynamically variable from 7 to 150 Mbps aggregate 300 dynamically variable from 14 to 300 Mbps aggregate 10 7.5 Mbps to 2 mi (3.2 km) 7.5 Mbps to 35 mi (56 km) 20 14 Mbps to 1 mi (1.6 km) 14 Mbps to 35 mi (56 km) 30 dynamically variable from 1.5 to 21 Mbps aggregate 60 dynamically variable from 3 to 43 Mbps aggregate 150 dynamically variable from 7 to 150 Mbps aggregate 300 dynamically variable from 14 to 300 Mbps aggregate NOTES: 66 1. These ranges are with power reduced to within 1 W (30 dBm) EIRP. 2. Use the Link Estimator tool to estimate throughput for a given link. Draft 2 for Regulatory Review Issue 2, December 2006 Release 8 5.3.3 Overview of Canopy Networks Cluster Management Product Comparison Canopy offers a choice between two products for cluster management: CMM2 and CMMmicro. Your choice should be based on the installation environment and your requirements. The similarities and differences between these two products are summarized in Table 17. Table 17: Cluster management product similarities and differences Characteristic CMM2 CMMmicro Approximate size 17” H x 13” W x 6.5” D (43 cm H x 33 cm W x 7 cm D) 12” H x 10” W x 3” D (30 cm H x 25 cm W x 8 cm D) Approximate weight 25 lb ( 11.3 kg) 8 lb (3.5 kg) Cabling ◦ one Ethernet/power cable per radio. ◦ one sync cable per radio. one Ethernet/power/sync cable per radio. Canopy network interconnection 8 Ethernet ports 8 Ethernet ports Data throughput auto-negotiates to full or half duplex auto-negotiates to full or half duplex Ethernet operating speed standard auto-negotiates to 10Base-T or 100Base-TX auto-negotiates to 10Base-T or 100Base-TX Additional Ethernet ports one for data feed one for local access (notebook computer) none Power supply integrated 24-V DC to power APs, BHs, and GPS receiver external 24-V DC to power APs, BHs, and GPS receiver SNMP management capability none provided Sync (to prevent self-interference) carried by the additional serial cable to each AP and BHM embedded in power-over-Ethernet cable Time & Date carried by the additional serial cable to each AP and BHM provided by NTP (Network Time Protocol). CMMmicro can be an NTP server. Weatherized enclosure and power supply only the enclosure (not the power supply) Web interface none web pages for status, configuration, GPS status, and other purposes NOTE: Auto-negotiation of data throughput and Ethernet operating speed depend on the connected device being set to auto-negotiate as well. Issue 2, December 2006 Draft 2 for Regulatory Review 67 Overview of Canopy Networks 5.4 Release 8 ANTENNAS FOR CONNECTION TO 900-MHz MODULES Like the 2.4-, 5.2-, 5.4-, and 5.7-GHz module, the 900-MHz connectorized module has ◦ the same housing. ◦ a covered Ethernet port. ◦ a utility port for alignment headset, sync cable to CMM2, or override plug. The 900-MHz AP or SM is available either 5.4.1 ◦ as a connectorized unit with a 16-inch (approximately 40-cm) cable with a male N-type connector for connection to the antenna. ◦ with an integrated antenna in a different form factor. Certified Connectorized Flat Panel Antennas Motorola has certified through regulatory agencies four connectorized flat panel antenna options. Motorola offers one of these, whose attributes include ◦ gain—10 dBi ◦ dimensions—8.8 x 8.1 x 1.6 inches (22.4 x 20.6 x 4.06 cm) ◦ weight—1.2 lbs (0.54 kg) ◦ polarization—vertical or horizontal ◦ cable—12-inch (30.5 cm) ◦ connector—female N-type ◦ beamwidth—approximately 60° vertical and 60° horizontal at 3 dBm Motorola has certified three other antennas, which are available through Canopy resellers. The attributes of one of these other certified antennas include ◦ gain—10 dBi ◦ dimensions—12 x12 x 1 inches (30.5 x 30.5 x 2.5 cm) ◦ weight—3.3 lbs (1.5 kg) ◦ polarization—vertical or horizontal ◦ connector—female N-type ◦ beamwidth—approximately 60° vertical and 60° horizontal at 3 dBm Examples of these antennas are pictured in Figure 4 on Page 51. 5.4.2 Third-party Certified Connectorized Flat Panel Antenna A third party may certify additional antennas for use with the Canopy connectorized 900-MHz module. 68 Draft 2 for Regulatory Review Issue 2, December 2006 Release 8 5.5 Overview of Canopy Networks ADJUNCTIVE SOFTWARE PRODUCTS The capabilities of available applications and tools are summarized for comparison in Table 18. In this table CNUT represents Canopy Network Updater Tool, Release 1.1 or later, and BAM represents Bandwidth and Authentication Manager, Release 2.0 or later. Table 18: Canopy applications and tools authenticates SMs ● controls authentication in APs ● manages Committed Information Rate (CIR) has dependency on another application ● ● ● ● ● automatically discovers elements ● ● exports network information with hierarchy ● ● supports user-defined folder-based operations ● ● senses FPGA version on an element ● ● upgrades FPGA version on an element ● enables/disables hardware scheduling ● manages the high-priority channel ● imports network information with hierarchy ● interface to a higher-level network management system (NMS) ● interface to an operations support system (OSS) ● manages Maximum Information Rate (MIR) ● ● ● ● ● automatically works from root (highest) level element selection can be individual or multiple ● element selection can be criteria based ● element selection can be user-defined branch ● ● senses software release on an element ● ● ● ● ● upgrades software release on an element manages VLAN parameters ● provides access to element web interface ● Issue 2, December 2006 BAM Prizm Capability CNUT Application or Tool Draft 2 for Regulatory Review ● 69 Overview of Canopy Networks 5.6 Release 8 BANDWIDTH AND AUTHENTICATION MANAGER Canopy Bandwidth and Authentication Manager (BAM) software allows you to use ◦ a primary server to distribute bandwidth resources per subscriber, require SMs to authenticate per AP, and deny service to unauthorized SMs. ◦ a secondary server to redundantly store identical SM bandwidth and authentication data and become governing if the primary server goes out of service. ◦ an optional tertiary server to do the same if both the primary and secondary servers go out of service. In BAM Release 2.1, subscriber administration for an SM or batch of SMs is performed as follows: ◦ Insert the ESNs. ◦ Specify MIR and Security attributes. ◦ Specify CIR attributes. ◦ Specify whether BAM should send its stored CIR attributes. ◦ Specify VLAN attributes. ◦ Specify whether BAM should send its stored VLAN attributes. ◦ Specify VLAN IDs to associate with the SM(s). This product is supported by the dedicated document Canopy Bandwidth and Authentication Manager Release 2.1 User Guide and associated release notes. The upgrade path from BAM Release 2.1 is Prizm Release 2.0. See Motorola Canopy Prizm User Guide, Issue 3, and Motorola Canopy Prizm Release 2.0 Release Notes. 5.7 Prizm The product name PrizmEMS is changed to Prizm in Release 2.0 and later, to reflect that the product capabilities are expanded beyond those of the element management system (EMS). Throughout this user guide, the name change applies to text for Release 2.0 and for multiple releases that include 2.0. It does not apply to text that is for a previous release. Case by case, software elements such as the GUI in the client application and XML files on the server may retain the PrizmEMS syntax. 5.7.1 Network Definition and Element Discovery Prizm allows the user to partition the entire Canopy network into criteria-based subsets that can be independently managed. To assist in this task of defining networks, Prizm auto discovers Canopy network elements that are in ◦ user-defined IP address ranges ◦ SM-to-AP relationships with APs in the user-defined range ◦ BHS-to-BHM relationships with BHMs in the user-defined range. ◦ PLV Modem-to-PLV Bridge relationships with PLV Bridges in the user-defined range. For a Canopy AP, SM, BHM, BHS, PLV Bridge, PLV Modem, or CMMmicro, Prizm ◦ 70 auto discovers the element to the extent possible. Draft 2 for Regulatory Review Issue 2, December 2006 Release 8 Overview of Canopy Networks ◦ includes the element in the network tree. ◦ shows general information. ◦ shows Canopy information. ◦ supports Canopy-specific operations. For a generic element, Prizm ◦ auto discovers the element as only a generic network element. ◦ includes the element in the network tree. ◦ shows general information. ◦ shows events and alerts. ◦ charts port activity. For passive elements (such as CMM2 or a non-manageable switch or hub), Prizm allows you to enter into the network tree a folder/group with name, asset/owner information, and descriptive information. Supported element types include 5.7.2 Canopy Access Point Module Canopy Backhaul Master Module Generic SNMP Device (16 Port) Generic SNMP Device (24 Port) Canopy Backhaul Slave Module Canopy PrizmEMS Generic SNMP Device (26 Port) High-Speed Backhaul Master Module 150/300 Mbps Canopy Subscriber Module High-Speed Backhaul Master Module 30/60 Mbps Cluster Management Module micro Cluster Management Module-4 High-Speed Backhaul Slave Module 150/300 Mbps High-Speed Backhaul Slave Module 30/60 Mbps Cluster Management Module-4 Switch PLV Bridge Unit Generic Group Generic SNMP Device PLV Modem Unit Ultra Light Access Point Generic SNMP Device (08 Port) Ultra Light Outdoor Subscriber Unit Monitoring and Fault Management Prizm receives the traps that Canopy elements send and generates an alert for each of these. Prizm also allows the user to establish sets of criteria that would generate other alerts and trigger email notifications. Optionally, the user can specify a trap template. In this case, Prizm receives traps for non-Canopy elements in the network. For any individual element that the user selects, Prizm offers text and graphed displays of element configuration parameters and performance statistics from an interval that the user specifies. 5.7.3 Element Management Prizm allows the user to perform any of the following operations on any specified element or group of elements: ◦ Manage − large amounts of SNMP MIB data. − module passwords. Issue 2, December 2006 Draft 2 for Regulatory Review 71 Overview of Canopy Networks ◦ 5.7.4 Release 8 − IP addresses. − other communications setup parameters. − site information: Site Name, Site Location, and Site Contact parameters. Reset the element. BAM Subsystem in Prizm Prizm Release 2.0 and later integrates Canopy Bandwidth and Authentication Manager (BAM) functionality and supports simple migration of a pre-existing BAM data into the Prizm database. These releases also support the maintenance of authentication and bandwidth data on a RADIUS server, to the same extent that BAM Release 2.1 (the final release of BAM) did. Either of the following modes is available for the Prizm server, subject to licensing: ◦ ◦ BAM-only functionality, which manages only − authentication, bandwidth service plans, and VLAN profiles of SMs. − authentication of Powerline LV modems. Full Prizm functionality, which manages attributes for all elements and authentication of SMs and Powerline LV modems. One difference between a service plan (or VLAN profile) and a configuration template that has the identical set of attributes is that the former is a long-term association whereas the latter is a one-time push to the element. When a service plan or VLAN profile is modified, the change is automatically applied to all elements that have the association. Another difference is that a configuration template cannot overwrite any values that a service plan or VLAN profile has set in an element. 5.7.5 Northbound Interface In Release 1.1 and later, Prizm provides three interfaces to higher-level systems: ◦ a Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) agent for integration with a network management system (NMS). ◦ a Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP) XML-based application programming interface (API) for web services that supports integration with an operations support systems (OSS) such as a customer relationship management (CRM), billing, or provisioning system. ◦ console automation that allows such higher-level systems to launch and appropriately display the Prizm management console in GUI that is custom developed, using the PrizmEMS™ Software Development Kit (SDK), which Canopy provides for this purpose. Together these interfaces constitute the Northbound Interface feature. Prizm server administrator tasks and GUI developer information are provided in the PrizmEMS™ Software Development Kit (SDK). This SDK also describes the how to define new element types and customize the Details views. All other features of the Prizm product are supported by the dedicated document Motorola Canopy Prizm User Guide and associated release notes. 5.8 LICENSE MANAGEMENT Under the original licensing regime for Canopy networks, licenses were permanently tied to the Media Access Control (MAC) address of the equipment that was licensed or that 72 Draft 2 for Regulatory Review Issue 2, December 2006 Release 8 Overview of Canopy Networks used the licensed feature. Thus, they were not transferable. Under server-based license management, for some functionalities, Canopy offers licenses that ◦ float upon demand within the network. ◦ are tied to only the hostID (MAC address) of the license management server for which they were ordered. In Release 4.2.3 and later, server-based license management adds flexibility and makes available licenses that previously would have been held by de-commissioned equipment. License management technology from Macrovision, based on a FLEXnet™ Publisher license management model, provides the platform for Canopy server-based licensing. Canopy capabilities that are authorized by licenses on this platform are FLEXenabled products. In this platform, the license management server checks and then either assigns or declines to assign a license in real time. See the Canopy Networks License Manager User Guide. The total number of floating license keys that you need for any feature is the highest number that you will ever want to have simultaneously in use. The proper placement of these keys and the number and placement of fixed Canopy licenses are listed in Table 19. Table 19: Correct placement of license keys In This Release LM 1.0 BAM 2.0 BAM 2.1 PrizmEMS 1.0 License Key Must Be in Directory If This Platform License Manager Server C:\Program Files\Motorola\Canopy\FLEXnet\license_files Windows /usr/local/Canopy/FLEXnet/license_files Enterprise Linux BAM Server, C:\Program Files\Motorola\Canopy\FLEXnet\license_files Windows AP Auth Server (APAS), Cap 2 /usr/local/Canopy/FLEXnet/license_files Enterprise Linux /usr/local/canopy/include Enterprise Linux BAM Server, C:\Program Files\Motorola\Canopy\FLEXnet\license_files Windows AP Auth Server (APAS), Cap 2 /usr/local/Canopy/FLEXnet/license_files Enterprise Linux /usr/local/Canopy/FLEXnet/license_files Enterprise Linux C:\Program Files\Motorola\Canopy\FLEXnet\license_files Windows PrizmEMS Server, /usr/local/Canopy/FLEXnet/license_files Enterprise Linux Element Pack C:\Program Files\Motorola\Canopy\FLEXnet\license_files Windows /usr/local/Canopy/Prizm/license_files Enterprise Linux Issue 2, December 2006 Draft 2 for Regulatory Review On This Server Device LM Server LM Server BAM Server LM Server BAM Server LM Server PrizmEMS Server 73 Overview of Canopy Networks In This Release License Key PrizmEMS 1.1 Release 8 Must Be in Directory If This Platform C:\Program Files\Motorola\Canopy\FLEXnet\license_files Windows Element Pack /usr/local/Canopy/FLEXnet/license_files Enterprise Linux PrizmEMS Server, C:\Program Files\Motorola\Canopy\FLEXnet\license_files Windows /usr/local/Canopy/FLEXnet/license_files Enterprise Linux C:\Program Files\Motorola\Canopy\FLEXnet\license_files Windows /usr/local/Canopy/FLEXnet/license_files Enterprise Linux PrizmEMS Server, On This Server Device LM Server Element Pack BAM Server, Prizm 2.0 and 2.1 for full mgmt AP Auth Server (APAS), Cap 2 LM server Canopy Lite Prizm 2.0 and 2.1 for BAMonly or redundant BAM BAM Server, AP Auth Server (APAS), Cap 2 LM server Canopy Lite NOTES: 1. One key required per each deployed BAM server. 2. Copied here so that BAM can find License Manager. No additional charge for using this copy. 3. One key required per each deployed PrizmEMS server. 4. Copied here so that PrizmEMS can find License Manager. No additional charge for using this copy. 5. One BAMServer key and one PrizmEMSServer key required per each full management Prizm server. 5.9 5.9.1 SPECIFICATIONS AND LIMITATIONS Radios Canopy radio specifications are provided at http://motorola.canopywireless.com/products/specshome.php. 74 Draft 2 for Regulatory Review Issue 2, December 2006 Release 8 5.9.2 Overview of Canopy Networks Cluster Management Products Table 20: CMM2 specifications and limitations Specification or Limitation Canopy System Range Max length from Cluster Management Module to any radio 328 cable feet (100 meters) Max length from Cluster Management Module to GPS antenna 100 cable feet (30.5 meters) Dimensions 17.00” H x 12.88” W x 6.50” D (43.18 cm H x 32.72 cm W x 16.51 cm D) Weight 25.0 lbs. (11.3 kg) Operation Temperature -40°F to +131°F (-40°C to +55°C) Overall Meets CE IP44 according to EN60529:2000 100 V – 240 V~, 0.7 A – 0.35 A, settable to either 230 V or 115 V nominal input. AC Input Voltage and Frequency 50 Hz – 60 Hz Note: Applying 230 V to a unit that is set to 115 V may damage the unit. AC Input Power Nominal 66 watts, max 92 watts with 8 modules connected to the CMM at max cable length. 24-V DC Input Voltage 18 to 32 V DC, measured at CMM 24-V DC Input Power Nominal 60 watts. Maximum 84 watts with 8 modules connected to the CMM at maximum cable length. 9A inrush upon start-up. 24-V DC Usage If using a typical “24V +/-5%” power supply, ensure that CMM is within 400 cable feet (120 m) of the power supply. Use minimum 12 AWG (4 mm ) copper wire. 12-V DC Input Voltage 11.5 to 32 VDC, measured at CMM 12-V DC Usage If using a 12V power source (typically an automobile battery in a test or emergency situation), use 12 AWG (4 mm ) wire between the power supply and the CMM, ensure that the CMM is within 10 cable feet (3 m) of the power supply, and ensure the modules are within 20 cable feet (6 m) of the CMM. Ethernet, GPS Sync, and GPS Coax Cables The use of cables that conform to the operational temperature of the product as well as being UV light protected is mandatory. Issue 2, December 2006 Draft 2 for Regulatory Review 75 Overview of Canopy Networks Release 8 Table 21: CMMmicro specifications and limitations Specification or Limitation Canopy System Range Enclosure Size Approximately 12” H x 10” W x 3” D (Approximately 30 cm H x 25 cm W x 7.5 cm D) CMMmicro Weight (without DC power supply) Approximately 8 lb (Approximately 3.5 k) Max length from Cluster Management Module to any radio 328 cable feet (100 meters) Max length from Cluster Management Module to GPS antenna 100 cable feet (30.5 meters) Operating Temperature -40°F to +131°F (-40°C to +55°C) Provided DC Power Converter Input Voltage 100 – 240 V~ Provided DC Power Converter Input Frequency 50 – 60 Hz CMMmicro Power Input Voltage 21.5 – 26.5 V DC CMMmicro Power Current 3.36 A @ 24 V DC (3.75 – 3.0 A over voltage range) Ethernet, GPS sync, and GPS coax cables The use of cables that conform to the operational temperature of the product as well as having UV light protection is mandatory. Cables can be ordered from Best-Tronics Manufacturing, Inc. at http://www.best-tronics.com/motorola.htm. 5.9.3 300SS and 600SS Surge Suppressors Canopy Surge Suppressor specifications are provided at http://motorola.canopywireless.com/products/specshome.php. 76 Draft 2 for Regulatory Review Issue 2, December 2006 Release 8 6.1 Overview of Canopy Networks DIFFERENTIATING AMONG COMPONENTS INTERPRETING MODEL (PART) NUMBER The part number of a module typically represents ◦ the model number, which may indicate − radio frequency band range. − link distance range. − whether the module is Canopy Advantage. − the factory-set encryption standard. ◦ the module type. ◦ whether the reflector dish is included. ◦ the antenna scheme of the module. ◦ whether adjustable power in the module is preset to low. ◦ the modulation capability. Radio Frequency Band Range The leading digits usually indicate the frequency band range in which the module can operate. For example, if the part number is 5700BH, then the frequency band range of the module is 5.7 GHz. ↓ An exception to this general rule is that the leading digits in the part number of 5.1-GHz modules are 52. These modules are differentiated from 5.2-GHz modules by the leading four digits (5202 for 5.1 GHz, 5200 for 5.2 GHz). You cannot change the frequency band range of the module. Link Distance Range or Canopy Advantage The third digit in the part number may indicate whether the module is an extended range, Canopy Advantage, or Canopy model. 1 indicates extended range. For example, if the part number is 5210BH, then the module is an extended range module. If the part number is 5200BH, then the module is not an extended range model. ↓ 6 in the third position (5760SM, for example) indicates Canopy Lite. 5 in the third position (5250AP, for example) indicates that the module is Canopy Advantage. 0 in the third position (5200AP, for example) indicates that the module is Canopy. However, part numbering for 900-MHz APs and SMs differs from this general rule. All APs and SMs in this frequency band range are Canopy Advantage, but none of their part numbers use 5 in the third position. Issue 2, December 2006 Draft 2 for Regulatory Review 77 Overview of Canopy Networks Release 8 You cannot change the link distance range of the module. However, you can license a Canopy SM to uncap its aggregate throughput (a capability of the Advantage SM). Encryption Standard or Frequency Band Range The fourth digit in the part number usually indicates the encryption standard that was preset at the factory. 1 indicates the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES). 0 indicates the Data Encryption Standard (DES) standard. For example, if the part number is 5201BH, then transmissions from the module are encrypted according to AES. If the part number is 5200BH, then transmissions from the module are encrypted according to DES. ↓ An exception to this general rule is that the fourth digit in the part number of 5.1-GHz modules is 2. These modules are differentiated from 5.2-GHz modules by the leading four digits (5202 for 5.1 GHz, 5200 for 5.2 GHz). You cannot change the encryption basis (from DES to AES, for example), but you can enable or disable the encryption. Module Type The next two alpha characters indicate the module type. For example, CK indicates that the module is a Cluster Management Module. ↓ The module type cannot be changed. Reflector Added In specifications tables and price lists, the trailing characters RF or RF20 indicate that the associated information applies to the module being ◦ mounted to the 27RD Passive Reflector Dish, in the case of specifications. ◦ ordered with the 27RD Passive Reflector Dish, in the case of price lists. ↓ However, this designation is not shown on either label of the module, and a module ordered with the dish can be deployed without the dish. 78 Draft 2 for Regulatory Review Issue 2, December 2006 Release 8 Overview of Canopy Networks Antenna Scheme In specifications tables and price lists, the trailing character C indicates that the module is connectorized for an external antenna. ↓ An F in this position indicates that the module has an internal antenna with a band-pass filter (for example, 9000APF). You cannot transform a module from connectorized to internal antenna or from internal antenna to connectorized, but you may have flexibility in what external antenna you deploy with it. Adjustable Power Preset to High or Low A trailing WL can indicate that the module had adjustable power that is preset to low. ↓ However, the 5700SMC and 5700APC are connectorized, but also have adjustable power preset to low. No special designation is made for adjustable power that is set to high (no trailing letters are used; for example, 5252AP). You can reset power to higher in a module with adjustable power that is preset to low, but you are constrained by applicable regulations in your region and or nation. Modulation Capability A trailing 20 indicates that the module is capable of being set to either ◦ 20-Mbps modulation (aggregate throughput of 14 Mbps) ◦ 10-Mbps modulation (aggregate throughput of 7 Mbps). ↓ The absence of a trailing 20 indicates that the module is capable of only 10-Mbps modulation. Issue 2, December 2006 Draft 2 for Regulatory Review 79 Overview of Canopy Networks 6.2 Release 8 SORTED MODEL (PART) NUMBERS The various model/part numbers of Canopy products are categorically listed in Table 22. Table 22: Canopy model numbers (part numbers) for AES and DES encryption modules Range Integrated Antenna Canopy DES Connectorized for Antenna Advantage AES DES AES 5.7 GHz 5700AP 5700BH 5700BH20 5700BHRF 5700BHRF20 5700SM 5760SM 5701AP 5701BH 5701BH20 5701BHRF 5701BHRF20 5701SM 5750AP 5750SM 5751AP 5751SM 5.4 GHz 5400AP 5400BH 5400BH20 5400BHRF 5400BHRF20 5400SM 5401AP 5401BH 5401BH20 5401BHRF 5401BHRF20 5401SM 5450AP 5450SM 5451AP 5451SM 5.1 GHz 5202AP 5202BH 5202SM 5212BH20 5212BHRF20 5.2 GHz 5200AP 5200BH 5200SM 5210BHRF 5210BHRF20 5201AP 5201BH 5201SM 5211BH20 5211BHRF 5211BHRF20 5250AP 5250SM 5251AP 5251SM 2.4 GHz 2400AP 2400APWL 2400BH 2400BH20 2400BHRF 2400BHRF20 2400BHWL 2400BHWL20 2400BHWLRF 2400BHWLRF20 2400SM 2400SMWL 2401AP 2401APWL 2401BH 2401BH20 2401BHRF 2401BHRF20 2401BHWL 2401BHWL20 2401BHWLRF 2401BHWLRF20 2401SM 2401SMWL 2450AP 2450APWL 2450SM 2450SMWL 2451AP 2451APWL 2451SM 2451SMWL 9000AP 9000APF 9000SM 9000SMF 9001AP 9001APF 9001SM 9001SMF 900 MHz 80 Canopy Advantage DES AES DES AES 5700APC 5700BHC 5700BHC20 5700SMC 5701APC 5701BHC 5701BHC20 5701SMC 5750APC 5750SMC 5751APC 5751SMC 9000APC 9000SMC 9001APC 9001SMC 5252AP 5252SM Draft 2 for Regulatory Review Issue 2, December 2006 Release 8 Overview of Canopy Networks Table 23: Canopy model numbers (part numbers) for proprietary encryption modules 6.3 Range Integrated Antenna Connectorized for Antenna 5.7 GHz 5830BH 5830BH15 5730BH 5730BH20 5830BHC 5830BHC15 5730BHC 5730BHC20 5.4 GHz 5430BH 5430BH20 5430BHC 5430BHC20 INTERPRETING ELECTRONIC SERIAL NUMBER (ESN) Canopy module labels contain a product serial number that could be significant in your dealings with Motorola or your supply chain. This is the electronic serial number (ESN), also known as the Media Access Control (MAC) address, of the module. This hexadecimal number identifies the module in 6.4 ◦ communications between modules. ◦ the data that modules store about each other (for example, in the Registered To field). ◦ the data that the BAM software applies to manage authentication and bandwidth. ◦ Prizm auto discovery of SMs through the AP (or BHS through the BHM). ◦ software upgrades performed by the Canopy Network Updater Tool (CNUT). ◦ information that CNUT passes to external tools. FINDING THE MODEL (PART) NUMBER AND ESN The labels and locations of Canopy module model (part) numbers and ESNs are shown in Table 24. Table 24: Labels and locations of model (part) numbers and ESNs Label and Location Numeric String Older Modules Newer Modules Model (part) number PN outside Model # outside ESN/MAC address S/N inside ESN outside Issue 2, December 2006 Draft 2 for Regulatory Review 81 Release 8 7.1 7.1.1 Overview of Canopy Networks CANOPY LINK CHARACTERISTICS UNDERSTANDING BANDWIDTH MANAGEMENT Downlink Frame Contents The AP broadcasts downlink frames that contain control information, allocating slots in succeeding or future uplink frames to SMs that have requested service. The downlink frame also contains a beacon frame, control information, and data that specific SMs have requested. Each SM 7.1.2 ◦ examines the downlink frame to distinguish whether data is addressed to that SM. ◦ retrieves data addressed to that SM. ◦ directs such data to the appropriate end user. Uplink Frame Contents Uplink frames contain control information from each SM that request service on succeeding uplink frames. SMs insert data into the uplink frames in an amount that the AP has established. Optionally, you can configure the AP to change the source MAC address in every packet it receives from its SMs to the MAC address of the SM that bridged the packet, before forwarding the packet toward the public network. If you do, then ◦ not more than 10 IP devices at any time are valid to send data to the AP from behind the SM. ◦ the AP populates the Translation Table tab of its Statistics web page, displaying the MAC address and IP address of all the valid connected devices. ◦ each entry in the Translation Table is associated with the number of minutes that have elapsed since the last packet transfer between the connected device and the SM. ◦ if 10 are connected, and another attempts to connect ◦ − and no Translation Table entry is older than 255 minutes, the attempt is ignored. − and an entry is older than 255 minutes, the oldest entry is removed and the attempt is successful. the Send Untranslated ARP parameter in the General tab of the Configuration page can be − disabled, so that the AP will overwrite the MAC address in Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) packets before forwarding them. − enabled, so that the AP will forward ARP packets regardless of whether it has overwritten the MAC address. This is the Translation Bridging feature, which you can enable in the General tab of the Configuration web page in the AP. When this feature is disabled, the setting of the Send Untranslated ARP parameter has no effect, because all packets are forwarded untranslated (with the source MAC address intact). See Address Resolution Protocol on Page 162. Issue 2, December 2006 Draft 2 for Regulatory Review 83 Overview of Canopy Networks 7.1.3 Release 8 Frame Structure The Canopy frame consists of ◦ Variable numbers of uplink and downlink 64-byte data slots, subject to the following factors: − Maximum range decreases the number of available slots. − Every two control slots that are reserved decrease the number of available data slots by one. ◦ 0 to 10 control slots, subject to operator setting ◦ 0 to 9 downlink acknowledgement slots, dynamically assigned ◦ 0 to 9 uplink acknowledgement slots, dynamically assigned ◦ 1 uplink schedule slot ◦ 1 beacon slot, which identifies the ◦ − timing and distribution for the SMs − ratio of uplink to downlink allocation − ESN of the AP − color code − protocol (point-to-point or point-to-multipoint) − number of registered SMs − frame number − control slot information air delay (guard time), subject to the value of the Max Range parameter in the AP Control Slots The Radio tab of the Configuration web page in the AP displays the total of control slots These control slots are reserved contention slots for bandwidth requests. If too many SMs contend for these slots, then the number of control slots may be increased. Frame Scheduling When an SM boots, the following sequence occurs: 1. The SM finds this beacon slot from an AP. 2. The SM synchronizes with the AP. 3. If BAM is configured on the AP and the AP is licensed for authentication, then a. the AP sends a Registration Request message to Prizm for authentication. b. following a successful challenge, Prizm returns an Authentication Grant message to the AP. c. the AP sends a Registration Grant to the SM. If BAM is not configured on the AP or the AP is not licensed for authentication, then the AP simply returns the Registration Grant to the SM. This Registration Grant includes the distance between the AP and SM. The SM uses the distance to distinguish when to transmit data in the uplink frame. The AP performs advance scheduling of up to 1024 frames that each SM will be permitted to use in the uplink frame. 84 Draft 2 for Regulatory Review Issue 2, December 2006 Release 8 7.1.4 Overview of Canopy Networks Media Access Control and AP Capacity Regardless of whether the maximum number of SMs (200) all request service at the same time, the reservation Media Access Control (MAC) system allows the AP to give a reservation slot to each SM that requests service. Regardless of the distance between any SM and the AP, the reservation MAC system ensures that all SM data slots are free of contention. For this reason 7.1.5 ◦ all SMs are equally able to compete for uplink and downlink bandwidth. ◦ the capacity of the AP is not degraded by distance from the SMs. Canopy Slot Usage The frame illustrated in Figure 22 shows both packet fragments (yellow) and unused slot space (red) typical of uplink traffic. Packet sizes smaller than 64 bytes cause unused slot spaces. Figure 22: Uplink data slot usage The following statistics apply to Canopy frame slot usage: 7.1.6 ◦ Slot size is 64 bytes. ◦ The optimum Ethernet packet size is 1518 bytes. ◦ The maximum downlink throughput for one AP to one SM is 1800 packets per second (pps). ◦ The maximum uplink throughput for one AP to one SM is 300 pps. ◦ The maximum backhaul throughput is 3000 pps. Data Transfer Capacity Canopy modules use Time Division Duplex (TDD) on a common frequency to divide frames for uplink (orange) and downlink (green) usage, as shown in Figure 23. Figure 23: TDD dividing Canopy frames 7.1.7 Maximum Information Rate (MIR) Parameters Canopy point-to-multipoint links use the following four MIR parameters for bandwidth management: Issue 2, December 2006 Draft 2 for Regulatory Review 85 Overview of Canopy Networks Release 8 ◦ Sustained Uplink Data Rate (kbps) ◦ Uplink Burst Allocation (kb) ◦ Sustained Downlink Data Rate (kbps) ◦ Downlink Burst Allocation (kb) You can independently set each of these parameters per AP or per SM. Token Bucket Algorithm The Canopy software uses a token bucket algorithm that ◦ stores credits (tokens) for the SM to spend on bandwidth for reception or transmission. ◦ drains tokens during reception or transmission. ◦ refills with tokens at the sustained rate set by the network operator. For each token, the SM can send toward the network in the uplink (or the AP can send toward the SM in the downlink) an equivalent number of kilobits. Two buckets determine the permitted throughput: one in the SM for uplink and one in the AP for downlink. The applicable set of Uplink Burst Allocation and Downlink Burst Allocation parameters determine the number of tokens that can fill each bucket. When the SM transmits (or the AP transmits) a packet, the equivalent number of tokens is removed from the uplink (or downlink) bucket. Except when full, the bucket is continuously being refilled with tokens at rates that the applicable set of Sustained Uplink Data Rate and Sustained Downlink Data Rate parameters specify. The bucket often drains at a rate that is much faster than the sustained data rate but can refill at only the sustained data rate. Thus, the effects of the allocation and rate parameters on packet delay are as follows: ◦ the burst allocation affects how many kilobits are processed before packet delay is imposed. ◦ the sustained data rate affects the packet delay that is imposed. Which set of these MIR parameters are applicable depends on the interactions of other parameter values. These interactions are described under Setting the Configuration Source on Page 292. Also, where the Configuration Source parameter setting in the AP specifies that BAM values should be used, they are used only if Prizm is configured to send the values that it stores for the MIR parameters. MIR Data Entry Checking Uplink and downlink MIR is enforced as shown in Figure 24. NOTE: In these figures, entry refers to the setting in the data rate parameter, not the burst allocation parameter. 86 Draft 2 for Regulatory Review Issue 2, December 2006 Release 8 Overview of Canopy Networks uplink cap enforced uplink entry x aggregate cap for the SM uplink entry + downlink entry downlink cap enforced = downlink entry x aggregate cap for the SM uplink entry + downlink entry Figure 24: Uplink and downlink rate caps adjusted to apply aggregate cap For example, in the Canopy SM, if you set the Sustained Uplink Data Rate parameter to 2,000 kbps and the Sustained Downlink Data Rate parameter to 10,000 kbps, then the uplink and downlink MIR that will be enforced for the SM can be calculated as shown in Figure 25. uplink cap enforced 2,000 kbps x 7,000 kbps = 1,167 kbps 2,000 kbps + 10,000 kbps downlink cap enforced = 10,000 kbps x 7,000 kbps = 5,833 kbps 2,000 kbps + 10,000 kbps Figure 25: Uplink and downlink rate cap adjustment example In this example case, the derived 1,167-kbps uplink and 5,833-kbps downlink MIR sum to the fixed 7,000-kbps aggregate cap of the Canopy SM. 7.1.8 Committed Information Rate The Committed Information Rate (CIR) capability feature enables the service provider to guarantee to any subscriber that bandwidth will never decrease to below a specified minimum, unless CIR is oversubscribed. Bandwidth can be, and typically will be, higher than the minimum, but this guarantee helps the WISP to attract and retain subscribers. In BAM Release 2.1 and in Prizm Release 2.0, CIR configuration is supported as follows: ◦ The GUI allows you to view and change CIR configuration parameters per SM. ◦ When an SM successfully registers and authenticates, if BAM or Prizm has CIR configuration data for the SM, then messages make the CIR configuration available to the SM, depending on the Configuration Source setting. (See Setting the Configuration Source on Page 292.) ◦ The operator can disable the CIR feature in the SM without deleting the CIR configuration data. Issue 2, December 2006 Draft 2 for Regulatory Review 87 Overview of Canopy Networks 7.1.9 Release 8 Bandwidth from the SM Perspective In the Canopy SM, normal web browsing, e-mail, small file transfers, and short streaming video are rarely rate limited with practical bandwidth management (QoS) settings. When the SM processes large downloads such as software upgrades and long streaming video or a series of medium-size downloads, the bucket rapidly drains, the burst limit is reached, and some packets are delayed. The subscriber experience is more affected in cases where the traffic is more latency sensitive. Example download times for various arbitrary tiers of service are shown in Table 60 on Page 384 and Table 61 on Page 385. 7.1.10 Interaction of Burst Allocation and Sustained Data Rate Settings If the Burst Allocation is set to 1200 kb and the Sustained Data Rate is set to 128 kbps, a data burst of 1000 kb is transmitted at full speed because the Burst Allocation is set high enough. After the burst, the bucket experiences a significant refill at the Sustained Data Rate. This configuration uses the advantage of the settable Burst Allocation. If both the Burst Allocation and the Sustained Data Rate are set to 128 kb, a burst is limited to the Burst Allocation value. This configuration does not take advantage of the settable Burst Allocation. If the Burst Allocation is set to 128 kb and the Sustained Data Rate is set to 256 kbps, the actual rate will be the burst allocation (but in kbps). As above, this configuration does not take advantage of the settable Burst Allocation. 7.1.11 High-priority Bandwidth To support low-latency traffic such as VoIP (Voice over IP) or video, the Canopy system implements a high-priority channel. This channel does not affect the inherent latencies in the Canopy system but allows high-priority traffic to be immediately served. The highpriority pipe separates low-latency traffic from traffic that is latency tolerant, such as standard web traffic and file downloads. A Canopy module prioritizes traffic by ◦ reading the Low Latency bit (Bit 3) in the IPv4 Type of Service (ToS) byte in a received packet. ◦ reading the 802.1p field of the 802.1Q header in a received packet, where VLAN is enabled on the module. ◦ comparing the 6-bit Differentiated Services Code Point (DSCP) field in the ToS byte of a received packet to a corresponding value in the DiffServe tab of the Configuration page of the module. Low Latency Bit Bit 3 is set by a device outside the Canopy system. In the uplink frame, the SM monitors Bit 3. If this bit is set, then ◦ the SM prioritizes this traffic in its high-priority queue according to AP configuration settings for the high-priority channel. ◦ the system sends the packet on the high-priority channel and services this channel before any normal traffic. 802.1P Field See Priority on VLANs (802.1p) on Page 166. 88 Draft 2 for Regulatory Review Issue 2, December 2006 Release 8 Overview of Canopy Networks DSCP Field Like Bit 3 of the original IPv4 ToS byte, the DSCP field (Bits 0 through 5) in the redefined ToS byte is set by a device outside the Canopy system. A packets contains no flag that indicates whether the encoding is for the Low Latency bit or the DSCP field. For this reason, you must ensure that all elements in your trusted domain, including routers and endpoints, set and read the ToS byte with the same scheme. Canopy modules monitor ToS bytes with DSCP fields, but with the following differences: ◦ The 6-bit length of the field allows it to specify one of 64 service differentiations. ◦ These correlate to 64 individual (CodePoint) parameters in the DiffServe tab of the Configuration page. ◦ Per RFC 2474, 3 of these 64 are preset and cannot be changed. (See http://www.faqs.org/rfcs/rfc1902.html.) ◦ For any or all of the remaining 61 CodePoint parameters, you can specify a value of − 0 through 3 for low-priority handling. − 4 through 7 for high-priority handling. RECOMMENDATION: Ensure that your Differentiated Services domain boundary nodes mark any entering packet, as needed, so that it specifies the appropriate Code Point for that traffic and domain. This prevents theft of service level. An example of the DiffServe tab in the Configuration page and parameter descriptions are provided under DiffServe Tab of the AP on Page 256. This tab and its rules are identical from module type to module type in Canopy. However, any of the 61 configurable Code Points can be set to a different value from module to module, thus defining unique per-hop behavior for some traffic. This tab in the AP and BHM sets the priorities for the various packets in the downstream (sent from the public network). This tab in the SM and BHS sets the priorities for the various packets in the upstream (sent to the public network). Typically in the Canopy network, some SMs attach to older devices that use the ToS byte as originally formatted, and others to newer devices that use the DSCP field. The default values in the DiffServe tab allow your modules to prioritize traffic from the older devices roughly the same as they traditionally have. However, these default values may result in more high-priority traffic as DSCP fields from the newer devices are read and handled. So, after making any changes in the DiffServe tab, carefully monitor the high-priority channel for high packet rates ◦ in SMs that you have identified as those to initially set and watch. ◦ across your Canopy network when you have broadly implemented Code Point values, such as via SNMP. The standard channel in Canopy PTMP communications is illustrated in Figure 26. Issue 2, December 2006 Draft 2 for Regulatory Review 89 Overview of Canopy Networks Con Ack trol Beacon Release 8 Data AP Transmit (Downlink ) Data Ack Con trol AP Receive (Uplink ) Figure 26: Canopy channel, 75% downlink, 0% high priority in uplink 7.1.12 Hardware Scheduling Canopy Release 8 supports only hardware scheduling. Hardware scheduling always sends high-priority traffic first, even to the exclusion of other traffic. IMPORTANT! The number of channels available to the AP is reduced by the number of SMs configured for the high-priority channel. With this feature enabled on all SMs, an AP can support only 100 SMs (instead of 200). IMPORTANT! In a Canopy BH link with Canopy T1/E1 Multiplexers, the BHs must be configured for an uplink/downlink ratio of 50% uplink/50% downlink. The Canopy T1/E1 Multiplexers are full duplex. Canopy Release 8 requires APs, BHs, and AES SMs to be Series P9 or later hardware. The characteristics of hardware scheduling in a Canopy sector are summarized in Table 25. 90 See Designations for Hardware in Radios on Page 367. Draft 2 for Regulatory Review Issue 2, December 2006 Release 8 Overview of Canopy Networks Table 25: Characteristics of hardware scheduling Category Throughput Latency High-priority Channel Factor Treatment Aggregate throughput, less additional overhead 14 Mbps ACK slots in downlink used for data except when request for uplink is present Yes Number of frames required for the scheduling process Round-trip latency ≈ 6 ms AP broadcast the download schedule No Allocation for uplink highpriority traffic on amount of high-priority traffic Dynamic, based on amount of high-priority traffic Allocation for downlink highpriority traffic on amount of high-priority traffic Dynamic, based on amount of high-priority traffic Order of transmission 1. 2. CIR high-priority CIR low-priority 3. Other high-priority 4. Other low-priority Transmit Frame Spreading Support for Transmit Frame Spreading feature In Release 7.0 and later CIR Capability In all releases NOTES: 1. For 2.4- and 5.n-GHz modules. CAUTION! Power requirements for modules that run hardware scheduling affect the recommended maximums for power cord length feeding the CMMmicro. See Table 55 on Page 344. However, the requirements do not affect the maximums for the CMM2. Packets that have a priority of 4 to 7 in either the DSCP or a VLAN 802.1p tag are automatically sent on the high-priority channel, but only where the high-priority channel is enabled. 7.1.13 2X Operation A General tab option in both Advantage SMs and some Canopy SMs provides double the aggregate throughput for SMs that are nearer than half of the distance range from the AP Issue 2, December 2006 Draft 2 for Regulatory Review 91 Overview of Canopy Networks Release 8 (the nearest one-fourth of the SMs in the sector). The requirements of this feature are as follows: ◦ The AP must be an Advantage AP. ◦ The SM must be near the AP, as described above. ◦ The SM must be of the P9 hardware series and enabled for hardware scheduling. See Designations for Hardware on Page 367. ◦ The 2X Rate parameter in the SM must be set to enabled. This is the default setting. ◦ The amount of noise and multipath must be low enough to allow the receiver in the 6-dB less sensitive (2X) state to maintain a high carrier-to-interference (C/I) ratio. The flexibility of this feature is as follows: ◦ At the time of registration, signaling is at the 1X rate. However, if the above requirements are all met, then the SM switches to 2X. ◦ Thereafter, whenever RF conditions are unfavorable for 2X operation, the SM switches to 1X. When favorable RF conditions allow, the SM switches back to 2X, if user data is present at that time. ◦ Similarly, whenever no user data is present, the SM switches to 1X. When user data flow resumes, the SM switches back to 2X, if RF conditions allow. ◦ Both links for the SM (uplink and downlink) are independent for this feature. (One can be operating at 2X operation while the other is operating at 1X.) ◦ Other SMs in the sector can be communicating with the AP at the other modulation rate. ◦ Although subscribers with Canopy SMs realize higher bursts, and subscribers with Advantage SMs realize both higher burst and higher sustained throughput, the network operator realizes higher sector throughput capacity in the AP. The effect of 2X operation on aggregate throughput for the SM is indicated in Table 26. Table 26: Effect of 2X operation on throughput for the SM Type of SM 900 MHz Advantage Canopy P9 Typical Aggregate Rates Sustained Any other frequency band range Any frequency band range except 900 MHz Burst 4 Mbps 4 Mbps 14 Mbps 14 Mbps 7 Mbps 14 Mbps NOTES: 92 1. Subject to competition among all SMs in the sector. 2. Can be less if limited by the value of Downlink Data set in the Radio tab of the Configuration page in the AP. 3. All 900-MHz modules are Advantage. Draft 2 for Regulatory Review Issue 2, December 2006 Release 8 Overview of Canopy Networks Competition for Bandwidth When multiple SMs vie for bandwidth, the AP divides its bandwidth among them, considering their effective CIR and MIR values. However, 2X operation uses bandwidth twice as efficiently as 1X, even where MIR values apply. This is because, in 2X operation, the modules transmit their data in 4-level frequency shift keying (FSK), not 2-level as they would in 1X operation. This moves twice the data per slot. Thus, for the sum of all bandwidth that 2X-eligible customers use, the bandwidth available to the remaining customers increases by half of that sum when these eligible customers are transmitting and receiving in 2X operation. Engineering for 2X Operation The following priorities should guide your implementation of 2X operation: ◦ In the near half of the distance range of the AP − identify the customers who use the most bandwidth. − enable their SMs first for 2X operation. ◦ When you have deployable Canopy P7 and P8 SMs, do not deploy Canopy Advantage SMs or Canopy P9 SMs beyond half the distance range of the AP. At this distance, steady and reliable 2X operation typically is not achievable. Deploy the Canopy P7 and P8 SMs here. ◦ Wherever practical, implement 25 MHz of channel separation for 2X operation. Checking Link Efficiencies in 2X Operation Unlike in 1X operation, efficiencies below 90% on the Link Capacity Test tab in the Tools web page of the SM do not necessarily indicate a poor quality link. Efficiency of 45% in 2X operation is equivalent to efficiency of 90% in 1X. If you read efficiency between 45% and 90%, check the status of 2X operation (as described below) to confirm that the link is operating at 2X. Since received signal strength typically varies over time, you should perform link tests at various times of day and on various days of the week. Efficiencies should consistently be 45% or greater for 2X operation. Where readings are lower, you are unlikely to solve the RF problem by enabling 1X operation. (For example, if you read 40% at 2X, you can expect 80% at 1X.) In these cases, you may be able to achieve better efficiencies by reaiming the SM, mounting it elsewhere, or retrofitting it with a reflector dish. Checking the Status of 2X Operation The Session Status tab in the Home page of the AP provides operation status information about each SM-to-AP link. Under the MAC address of each SM, the data in this tab includes a line such as the following: RATE : VC 19 Rate 2X/2X VC 255 Rate 2X/1X Interpret this information is as follows: ◦ VC means virtual channel. If one VC is displayed, the high-priority channel is disabled. If two are displayed, the high-priority channel is enabled and is using the higher number VC (255 in the above example). ◦ 2X/2X indicates that the SM-to-AP link is in 2X operation. ◦ 2X/1X indicates that the SM is capable of 2X operation but the SM-to-AP link is in 1X operation. This can be for either of the following reasons: − The SM has not sent data on the channel yet. Issue 2, December 2006 Draft 2 for Regulatory Review 93 Overview of Canopy Networks − ◦ Release 8 The received signal does not support 2X operation. 1X/1X indicates that the SM is capable of only 1X operation. This can be for either of the following reasons: − The SM does not support 2X operation (SM is of the hardware series P7 or P8). − The 2X Rate parameter is disabled in the General tab of the Configuration page in the SM. CAUTION! 2X operation requires approximately 3 to 5% more power than 1X operation. This additional power affects the recommended maximum for power cord length feeding the CMMmicro. See Table 55 on Page 344. However, 2X operation does not affect the maximums for the CMM2. Disabling 2X Operation Disabling 2X operation for an SM can be helpful for alignment, troubleshooting, or preventing frequent automatic switches between 2X and 1X, where RF conditions are only marginally favorable to 2X. The ability to disable 2X for an SM is inherent since the 2X Operation feature was introduced. Disabling 2X operation for a sector can be helpful for identifying a baseline for 1X-to-2X comparison, broader troubleshooting activities, or forcing all SMs to 1X rather than disabling 2X in each SM. Release 8 provides a 2X Rate parameter in the General tab of the Configuration page in the AP: 7.2 ◦ If you click Disable, then Save Changes and Reboot, 2X operation is disabled for the sector, regardless of the 2X Rate setting in each SM. ◦ If you later click Enable, then Save Changes and Reboot, 2X operation is enabled in the sector for SMs with 2X Rate enabled on their Configuration>General page. SMs with 2X Rate disabled on their Configuration>General page (or P7 or P8 SMs that don’t support 2X Rate) will only operate at 1X. UNDERSTANDING SYNCHRONIZATION The system usesTime Division Duplexing (TDD) - one channel alternately transmits and receives - rather than using one channel for transmitting and a second channel for receiving. To accomplish TDD, the AP must provide sync to its SMs – it must keep them in sync. Furthermore, collocated APs must be synced together - an unsynchronized AP that transmits during the receive cycle of a collocated AP can prevent that second AP from being able to decode the signals from its SMs. In addition, across a geographical area, APs that can “hear” each other benefit from using a common sync to further reduce self-interference within the network. 7.2.1 GPS Synchronization The Navigation Satellite Timing and Ranging (NAVSTAR) Global Positioning System (GPS) uses 24 satellites to relay information for precise derivation of position and time. The Canopy Cluster Management Module (CMM) contains a Motorola Oncore GPS Receiver. The CMM is a critical element in the operation of the Canopy system. At one 94 Draft 2 for Regulatory Review Issue 2, December 2006 Release 8 Overview of Canopy Networks AP cluster site or throughout an entire wireless system, the CMM provides a GPS timing pulse to each module, synchronizing the network transmission cycles. The Oncore GPS Receiver tracks eight or more satellites. The CMM uses the signal from at least four of these satellites to generate a one-second interval clock that has a rise time of 100 nsec. This clock directly synchronizes APs and BHMs which, in turn, synchronize the SMs and BHSs in the Canopy network. The Oncore GPS Receiver also provides ◦ the latitude and longitude of the GPS antenna (collocated with the CMM) ◦ the number of satellites that are being tracked ◦ the number of satellites that are available ◦ the date ◦ the time in Universal Coordinated Time (UCT) ◦ the altitude of the GPS antenna ◦ other information that can be used to diagnose network problems. Alternative to GPS Sync A Canopy link can operate without GPS sync, but cannot operate without sync. The alternative to GPS sync is to configure the AP or BHM in the link to generate a sync pulse to pass to the SM or BHS, respectively. Depending on the RF environment in which the link operates, this latter alternative may or may not be plausible. For example, in Figure 27, AP4 ◦ is not synchronized with any of the other APs. ◦ is transmitting nearby the other APs while they are expecting to receive SM transmissions from a maximum distance. Figure 27: One unsynchronized AP in cluster Issue 2, December 2006 Draft 2 for Regulatory Review 95 Overview of Canopy Networks Release 8 The result is self-interference. In this scenario, the self-interference can be avoided only by synchronizing the TDD transmit cycles of all APs that operate in the same frequency band. An AP that is isolated by at least 5 miles (8 km) from any other Canopy equipment, or a BHM in an isolated standalone BH link can generate and pass sync pulse without GPS timing and not risk that interference will result from the generated sync. In any other type of Canopy link, sync should be derived from GPS timing. NOTE: The OFDM Series BHMs generate their own sync. For more information about these modules, see the user guides that support them. Titles are listed under Products Not Covered by This User Guide on Page 34. Advantage of GPS Sync Although the embedded timing generation capability of the Canopy AP and BHM keeps a precise clock, no trigger exists to start the clock at the same moment in each AP of a cluster. So, the individual AP can synchronize communications between itself and registered SMs, but cannot synchronize itself with other Canopy modules, except by GPS timing (shown in Figure 28). Figure 28: GPS timing throughout the Canopy network 7.2.2 Passing Sync in a Single Hop Network sync can be passed in a single hop in the following network designs: ◦ Design 1 1. A CMM provides sync to a collocated AP. 2. This AP sends the sync over the air to SMs. ◦ Design 2 1. A CMM provides sync to a collocated BH timing master. 2. This BH timing master sends the sync over the air to a BH timing slave. 96 Draft 2 for Regulatory Review Issue 2, December 2006 Release 8 7.2.3 Overview of Canopy Networks Passing Sync in an Additional Hop Network sync can be extended by one additional link in any of the following network designs: NOTE: In each of these following designs, Link 2 is not on the same frequency band as Link 4. (For example, Link 2 may be a 5.2-GHz link while Link 4 is a 5.7- or 2.4GHz link.) ◦ Design 3 1. A CMM provides sync to a collocated AP. 2. This AP sends the sync over the air to an SM. 3. This SM delivers the sync to a collocated AP. 4. This AP passes the sync in the additional link over the air to SMs. This design is illustrated in Figure 29. AP SM AP SM SM CMM Figure 29: Additional link to extend network sync, Design 3 ◦ Design 4 1. A CMM provides sync to a collocated AP. 2. This AP sends the sync over the air to an SM. 3. This SM delivers the sync to a collocated BHM. 4. This BHM passes the sync in the additional link over the air to a BHS. This design is illustrated in Figure 30. Issue 2, December 2006 Draft 2 for Regulatory Review 97 Overview of Canopy Networks Release 8 AP BH -M- SM BH -S- CMM Figure 30: Additional link to extend network sync, Design 4 ◦ Design 5 1. A CMM provides sync to a collocated BHM or the BHM generates timing. 2. This BHM sends the sync over the air to a BHS. 3. This BHS delivers the sync to a collocated AP. 4. This AP passes the sync in the additional link over the air to SMs. This design is illustrated in Figure 31. BH -M- BH -S- AP SM SM CMM Figure 31: Additional link to extend network sync, Design 5 Wiring and configuration information for this sync extension is described under Wiring to Extend Network Sync on Page 369. All Canopy radios support the remote AP functionality. The BHS and the SM can reliably pass the sync pulse, and the BHM and AP can reliably receive it. The sync is passed in a cable that connects Pins 1 and 6 of the RJ-11 timing ports of the two modules. (The sync cable is described under Cables on Page 59.) When you connect modules in this way, you must also adjust configuration parameters to ensure that 98 ◦ the AP is set to properly receive sync. ◦ the SM will not propagate sync to the AP if the SM itself ceases to receive sync. Draft 2 for Regulatory Review Issue 2, December 2006 Release 8 8.1 Overview of Canopy Networks MEETING LINK REQUIREMENTS AP-SM LINKS APs communicate with SMs using a point-to-multipoint protocol. An AP-SM link has lower throughput and higher latency than a backhaul link for two reasons: ◦ Many endpoints are involved. ◦ The bandwidth request and reservation process consumes bandwidth. In the 900-MHz frequency band range, round-trip latency is typically ◦ 40 msec with software scheduling. ◦ 15 msec with hardware scheduling. In all other Canopy frequency band ranges, round-trip latency is typically ◦ 15 msec with software scheduling. ◦ 6 msec with hardware scheduling. At range settings of greater than 40 miles (64 km) in the 900-MHz AP, more time elapses between transmit and receive cycles to compensate for greater air delay. In each frame, this reduces the number of data slots, which slightly reduces the aggregate throughput of the link. However, the throughput is as predictable as in other Canopy point-to-multipoint links. Throughput is a factor of the Max Range parameter in the AP and is effective for all SMs, regardless of their distance from the AP. Throughput includes all downlink data to all SMs and all uplink data from all SMs that link to the AP. For throughput with hardware scheduling, see Table 14 on Page 64. End user perspective of throughput is based on both bandwidth in the sending direction and the return of TCP acknowledgement packets in the other. Where sufficient downlink bandwidth exists to support downlink traffic and overhead, transient traffic congestion in the uplink can cause some TCP acknowledgement packets to be dropped, and the end user to perceive a reduction in throughput. This can also occur with sufficient uplink bandwidth and dropping acknowledgment packets in the downlink. However, a Canopy network operator can optionally enable the Prioritize TCP ACK parameter in the AP and BHM, giving these packets priority over other packet types. This results in fewer of them being dropped. The effects of changing network conditions on PTMP throughput are indicated in Table 27. Issue 2, December 2006 Draft 2 for Regulatory Review 99 Overview of Canopy Networks Release 8 Table 27: Effects of network conditions on PTMP throughput Changing Network Condition Increasing the Max Range parameter setting in the AP Effect on AP Aggregate Throughput somewhat decreased Increasing the number of SMs that register in the AP Increase in downlink traffic no effect Increase in uplink traffic Increasing the average bandwidth allotted to the SMs that register in the AP no effect, even when the additional bandwidth is used. NOTES: 1. For non 900-MHz APs, the AP accepts a Max Range value of up to 30 miles (48 km). See Max Range on Page 242. 2. To avoid a decrease of unnecessary proportion, set to not much further than the distance between the AP and the furthest SM that registers in the AP. A comparison of SM products in link with a Canopy Advantage AP is shown in Table 28. Table 28: Comparison of SM products with Canopy Advantage AP Maximum Sustained Aggregate Throughput to a Single SM Product Canopy Advantage SM Canopy SM Canopy Lite SM as purchased Burst Cap on Committed Information Rate 14 Mbps 14 Mb none none multiple 7 Mbps 14 Mb none to Advantage SM capabilities multiple 100 kbps to 1, 2, 4, or 7 Mbps 512 kbps 768 kb Upgradability VoIP Channels Supported Canopy Lite SM upgraded to 1 Mbps 1 Mbps 1.5 Mb 100 kbps none Canopy Lite SM upgraded to 2 Mbps 2 Mbps 3 Mb 100 kbps none Canopy Lite SM upgraded to 4 Mbps 4 Mbps 7 Mb 200 kbps none Canopy Lite SM upgraded to 7 Mbps 7 Mbps 7 Mb 200 kbps none 8.2 BH-BH LINKS Canopy BHs communicate with each other using a point-to-point protocol. This point-topoint protocol uses a 2.5-msec frame. A BH link has higher throughput and lower latency (typically 5 msec, 2.5 msec in each direction) for two reasons: ◦ 100 Only two endpoints are involved. Draft 2 for Regulatory Review Issue 2, December 2006
Source Exif Data:
File Type : PDF File Type Extension : pdf MIME Type : application/pdf PDF Version : 1.4 Linearized : No Modify Date : 2007:03:12 14:16:25-06:00 Create Date : 2007:02:26 10:08:33-06:00 Title : Microsoft Word - CanopyR8UserGuideIss2RegDraft3.doc Creator : Word Author : John Harris Producer : Mac OS X 10.4.8 Quartz PDFContext Page Count : 100 About : uuid:dc58ea5b-c5b3-11db-9525-001124ce2936 Mod Date : 2007:03:12 14:16:25-06:00 Creation Date : 2007:02:26 10:08:33-06:00 Metadata Date : 2007:03:12 14:16:25-06:00 Document ID : uuid:9ac2abdc-c5b3-11db-9525-001124ce2936 Format : application/pdfEXIF Metadata provided by EXIF.tools